Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Centralisation administrative – France – 19e siècle'
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Thoral, Marie-Cécile. "L'administration locale civile en Isère de 1800 à 1837 : les limites de la centralisation administrative." Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE29040.
Full textBarge-Meschenmoser, Élisabeth. "Limites et effets de la centralisation en Corrèze de 1800 à 1848." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040127.
Full textWith the new institution of prefets, the centralization in France took on a new dimension. Theoretically speaking, for the authors of the 28 pluviôse an VIII law, centralization was a perfect system through which the state's orders could reach the smallest of villages, via the prefets, sous-prefets and maires. But reality was sometimes more complex. First of all, the administrators were not always appointed for their particular skills: they could be nominated simply by lack of other candidates, or because they knew the right people. Secondly, they were rarely the reliable instruments the state wanted them to be. They often interpreted or even ignored the orders sent them by their hierarchy. And last, the prefets could hardly behave as masters of their department, for they had to compromise with the notables and all the other civil servants. Through their own human and social limits, the administrators did not always allow for the success of centralization. The people of Correze were against the state's influence in their department. They often refused to go to war and opposed the innovations advocated by Paris. However, the centralized state did have an influence on the departements evolution. Through its impulse, education made substantial progress, and the road network in Correze improved considerably. The centralized system of government was supposed to give each department the same tools. But it did not favor Correze. As a matter of fact, the state was more generous with the richer departments, sending them the best administrators and granting them higher budgets. In 1848, despite a few improvements, Correze remained as poor as it was in 1800, because it was not given enough means to catch up with the other departments, and because its inhabitants were opposed to a certain idea of “progress”
Mellinger, Florian. "La centralisation, les centralisateurs et la réforme de l’administration locale sous la monarchie de Juillet." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL053.
Full textThis thesis analyses the reform of local administration in the 1830s and its consequences on centralisation, a concept that was in full swing in the first nineteenth century, considered as the application of the hierarchical principle within a unitary pyramid of administrative execution. It focuses initially on the study of the theories and paths of the theorists of power and of the science of administrative law. The aim is to understand how these theorists view centralisation and local administration in the context of parliamentary monarchy. It then turns to the study of the parliamentary debates on reform, with the times of the laws of 1831 and 1833 and the laws of 1837 and 1838, but also the hesitant debates of the intermediate times from 1833 to 1835. It thus reveals the positions of the political groups on the reform, the parliamentary combinations defining the final drafting of the texts and the meaning of the latter, in the light of centralisation, the political object of these debates. Finally, this thesis highlights what it defines as a centralising ecosystem making centralisation a neutral place under the July Monarchy. Thus, it studies the vectors accompanying the reform, such as a critical popularisation document, the ministerial instructions implementing it, and a philanthropic periodical aimed at disseminating the norms to local personnel. It analyses the reception and follow-up of the reform by the major national press. Finally, it provides some sociological elements on the parliamentarians who debated it. It shows a progression of centralisation under the July monarchy, in norms as well as in minds
Chenard, Gaël. "L'administration d'Alphonse de Poitiers en Poitou et en Saintonge (1241-1271)." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT5018.
Full textAlphonse of Poitiers, count of Poitiers and Toulouse, brother of the king of France Louis IX, rules the most important principality of the realm in the middle of XIIIth century. Despites this and because of the charisma of his brother, historians were never very interested in studying him. Many sources are available and published for most. Still they are not been used very often or at least barely to study the administration of the prince in detail. These documents had been mostly designed to manage the domain (writs, accounts, feudal registers) and show how worked the different parts of the administration in charge of it. The fact that we have no equivalent in the archives for the royal domain since the accounts burned in 1737 gives to these documents their utmost value.This thesis tries to renew part of what we know about the count of Poitiers, and claims in particulary for a global approach of his administration. The purpose is not only to describe the precise duty of every officers, but to understand the intellectual ground on which the domanial administration is based. The demonstration follows a logicial division between the prince, his local administration and his central administration in order to deal with three aspects of the same question : political or ideological issues, balance between the prince and local elites, the ressources (people and documents) used to rule. Because sources are too abundant, the local administration is mostly studied in Poitou and Saintonge only. A great part is dedicated to the accounts which are at the very heart of this work. Besides the study and the appendices, the thesis is made of a thick edition of almost all the domanial accounts of the prince, except those which concern the southern part of the principality. These archives are the only ones known in France which are complete enough to allow a real understanding of the capetian accounts process. This study gives an interpretation of the mechanisms and conception of this process
Kim, Daebo. "La gestion routière du département de la Haute-Garonne 1790-1796." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H116.
Full textThis thesis is a study of the management of roads in the “département” of Haute-Garonne between 1790 and 1796. This “département” had been created as a part of the new territorial and administrative order in France established in 1790, and it was made from parts of two former different provinces, Guyenne and Languedoc. In Haute-Garonne the local administration was entrusted with the role of maintaining the infrastructures for transport. To this end the “département” had to face various difficulties that could impede the execution of road works in the locality. Its powers in this respect depended closely on the degree of centralization of the national administration of roads and bridges, an administration composed of the Minister of the Interior and the “Corps des Ponts et Chaussées”. During the French Revolution this power relationship between Paris and Haute-Garonne was dictated by a combination of national and local contexts, including political crises and war. The local authorities could take measures they deemed necessary to ensure the proper management of their road networks only when these were within the limits set by the road policy decided on by the national authorities in Paris
Thalineau, Joël. "Essai sur la centralisation et la décentralisation : réflexions à partir de la théorie de Ch. Eisenmann." Tours, 1994. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00356228.
Full textThis thesis propounds a definition of terms pertaining to the centralization and decentralization and from these definitions the thesis presents a discourse about the organization of the normative authority under the 5th republic. For this purpose the proceedings shaw, in the first part, that these terms relate to the insertions technics concerning the acts of the centralized and noncentralized administration in the field of jurisdiction, which are structured so as to distinguish between the power to decree and to ipede, as has been defined by montesquieu. The second part creates a base for the opposition between the tho terms on a different redistribution of the power to decree and to impede so that the centralization, without excluding the existence of the noncentralized judical administration, which will create confusion concerning this power, and this, to the benefi t of the centralized judical administration. Besides that, the decenralization will provoke a division of the power to decree between the centralized administration and noncentralized administration which is guaranteed for them by the mutual authority to impede. The change of this reciprocity characterizes an intermediate situation which is called "deconcentralization". This definition of terms gives tise to fear fo the organization of the normative autority in the entire hierarchical legal system. On one hand, this reasoning is applied to the french legal system in the third part as far as the integration of france into the super national juridical systems is concerned, while, on the other hand, the diversity of her internal nominative organization provides an exemplary frame of concepts
Benedetti, Marie-José. "Les circonscriptions diocésaines en France au XIXe siècle : contribution à la géographie administrative ecclésiastique contemporaine (1789-1905)." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE0037.
Full textThe contemporary French diocesan districts are the fruit of a very former, fortifying inheritance at the dawn of the Christendom. Their study, of the French Revolution in the law of Separation of the Church and the State of 1905, demonstrates that they are between multiple data. The analysis of the diocesan card belongs to various domains of research. Under the territorial report, she recovers from the ecclesiastical and administrative geography. Under the political report she reveals the connections of the Church and the State. Nevertheless, these two elements are strictly connected. According to the set up regimes, the restructuring of the diocesan space and its stake in accordance with the national territory establish a fundamental objective, as illustrates it the revolutionary period. From the monarchic Restoration, the diocesan creation will become the field of real power struggles between the Parliament and the government. If this work articulates around transfers undergone throughout the XIXth century by the diocesan districts, it also analyses the various political, economic and social stakes lifted during the erection or during the abolition of a diocese and a modification of the diocesan territorial limits. The analysis of the French diocesan districts between 1789 and 1905 reveals two elements. Between 1789 and 1822, they undergo profound turnovers, a total reformation. Between 1822 and 1905, the French diocesan is henceforth stabilized. It will undergo some light modifications, but nothing comparable with the previous regimes
Rappenne, Tedy. "La tutelle administrative en Franche-Comté dans la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle : l'intendant et les communautés d'habitants de l'actuel département du Doubs." Nancy 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN20003.
Full textLasconjarias, Guillaume. ""Comme si nous étions présent (sic) en notre personne" : gouverneurs, lieutenants généraux et commandants pour le roi dans la France d'Ancien Régime : l'exemple des provinces de l'Est au XVIIIe siècle (Alsace, Lorraine et Trois-Évêchés)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010699.
Full textRuiz, Emilien. "Trop de fonctionnaires ? : contribution à une histoire de l'État par ses effectifs (France, 1850-1950)." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0068.
Full textAspecter has haunted reforms of the state for the past several decades: the number of civil servants. Under increasing political and media attention in recent years, the number of government employees has long been a blind-spot of research in the social sciences. It is as iftwo persistent and contradictory assumptions were taken as evident: on the one hand, that France has too many civil servants, and on the other, that the state itself is unable to count its employees. This Ph. D thesis proposes to take seriously the question of the number of state employees by contributing to a history of the French state in terms of its workforce from 1850 to 1950. Through the simultaneous analysis of the calculation of the number of public employees, its use by contemporaries, an the development of public policy, this research serves a twofold purpose. It is, first, to examine the appropriateness applying the concept of "government by the numbers" to the question of the number of civil servants. This deconstruction of statistical work and its political uses should then allow us to situate quantitative material among the relevant sourc that constitute the history of the modern state. In short, we propose a rereading of the process of administrativ development through the prism of the number of civil servants
Allorant, Pierre. "Le corps préfectoral et les municipalités dans les départements de la Loire moyenne au XIXe siècle." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE0002.
Full textVrac, Michel. "France radiale contre France transversale ? : regards croisés sur la constitution du réseau ferré français." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040215.
Full textThe French national railway network is structured like the spokes of a wheel following a now classical binary opposition between spokes lines which carry most of the traffic and cross-country lines in continuous decline. This situation is the result of French history which centered everything in the capital. However, this spoke line configuration could have been neglected to privilege a cross-country structure as many project in the 19th century, can testify, to establish links between seaports and borders of France. Yet, current mutations in the organization of French territory and transportation as well as the saturation of some major routes oblige to reconsider the future of these lines. The assertion of new and more numerous actors multiplies points of view on the French territory and the transportation networks. If they are converging, some of the cross-country lines will be modernized. In an opposite case, they will decline definitively
Hachemi, Anissa. "Le juge administratif et la loi (1789-1889)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020053.
Full textIt may seem odd to study the administrative law judge in the 19th century, as it doesn’t exist properly. Indeed, even if it doesn't fit with the modern standard of jurisdiction, it should be identified as a judge as it is the one settling a litigation.Through its history, we can explore the establishment of centralization and parliamentary system in the 19th century France. It also shows us how codification of the administrative law has been firmly declined. It isn’t the slightest surprise offered by the « Code civil » country
Gonod, Pascale. "Édouard Laferrière : un juriste au service de la République." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010252.
Full textA lawyer and journalist during the second empire, Laferrière (1841-1901) belong to the generation of republican opponents who, as they drew their inspiration from the 1789 ideals and the positivist philosophy dreant of a republic which would lead to changes without entailing upheavals. As the republic whas poclaimed, laferriere placed himself in the service of the state and made his carer at the conseil d’état; president of the legal department after staying fort un short while at the direction générale de l'administration des cultes (1879), he became its vice-president. This experience and his lecturing at the faculty of law of Paris (1883) enabled him to write his "traité de la juridiction administrative et des recours contentieux", owing to which he became the founder of modern administrative law. Clarifying and systematizing he principles of the administrative legal mathers, he developed a code of analysis of the administrative law which expounds the conditions under which the administration should be dubjected to the law. The specificity of administrative action acounts for the administrative jurisdiction whose conception was reformed to comply with the guarantes inherent in any juridictional control. Its intervention is prompted by the appeals Laferrière set about to classify by staying the foundation of the theory of "recours pour excés de pouvoir" the conciliation by the republic of both the necessities of administrative actions and the requirements relating to its limitation testified to the edification of the state under the rule of law. As administrator, he took part in it and as vice-president of the conseil d'état he contributed to fitting this imperial institution in which republic by strengthheing its independence and guaranteeing the balance of its powers. Appointed governor general of Algeria during and uprising (1898), he relied on the support of public opinion. .
Mourou, Max-Williams. "Les moyens d'action du ministère des Colonies de 1894 à 1914." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010657.
Full textGarrote, Gabriel. "Le pouvoir et ses notables : les membres des conseils consultatifs (Rhône, 1800-1830)." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2128.
Full textThe thesis analyses the political and social system created after the Revolution and the men involved in this system, the notables. It also describes the social history of this system through the department and district councils during the first third of the 19th century in the Rhône. The study on these councils enables us to question the process of selection and creation of an institutional notability. This way, we can understand the relationship between the state and the notables. In fact, the use of the prosopography method shows that these councils are a centerpiece in the creation of an essential social type in the society of the 19th century. They are also a way to see how power tries to associate the notables to a centralized and hierarchic system, and to count on the empowerment of a group which becomes more than a social and political basis, but stands for a territory and its inhabitants. Describing the sociography of these councils thanks to prosopography allows us to understand the link between a social group and the one which is institutionalized by the state. By analyzing the relationship between State, the prefects and the councils, this study aims to understand the links between the purpose that power pursues and the role played by the councils, and how it ables the sustainability and the empowerment of this departemental institution
Lefort, Nicolas. "Patrimoine régional, administration nationale : la conservation des monuments historiques en Alsace de 1914 à 1964." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01037903.
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