Journal articles: 'Central Tablelands'

1

Hatcher, S., J. Eppleston, R. P. Graham, J. McDonald, S. Schlunke, B. Watt, and K. J. Thornberry. "Higher weaning weight improves postweaning growth and survival in young Merino sheep." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07407.

Full text

Abstract:

Two monitoring projects were conducted to investigate weaner mortality in commercial Merino flocks in the Yass and the Central Tablelands Rural Lands Protection Boards located in the Southern Tablelands agricultural region of New South Wales. The projects were conducted in Yass in 2005 and in the Central Tablelands in 2006. A random sample of weaners from four flocks in the Yass board and 11 flocks in the Central Tablelands board were regularly weighed, growth rates were calculated after weaning and survival was determined by the continuing presence of an individual weaner at subsequent weighing activities. Weaning weight was the most important factor in determining postweaning liveweight, growth rates and survival with the significant impact of weaning weight on liveweight persisting for up to 6 months after weaning. Despite the lightest weaners being capable of considerable compensatory growth given sufficient postweaning nutrition, the lightest 25% of weaners were more than twice as likely to die as heavier weaners. A focus on ewe nutrition and parasite control during late pregnancy and lactation will allow Merino producers to achieve higher weaning weights that will set their weaners up for strong postweaning growth with a decreased likelihood of mortality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Parer, I., and T. Korn. "Seasonal Incidence of Myxomatosis in New-South-Wales." Wildlife Research 16, no. 5 (1989): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9890563.

Full text

Abstract:

We analysed monthly records of the presence or absence of myxomatosis in the 59 Pasture Protection Board Districts of New South Wales for 1959-64 and 1980-86. These periods respectively precede and follow the introduction of the European rabbit flea, Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale), into New South Wales. Throughout New South Wales during the two periods, myxomatosis was reported more frequently in summer than in winter. The seasonal trend was more pronounced on the western and central plains than on the slopes, tablelands or coastal regions. The incidence of myxomatosis was positively related to rainfall on the western and central plains and slopes, but not on the tablelands and coast. After the introduction of the rabbit flea, the reported incidence of myxomatosis increased more on the tablelands than in the other regions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Garden, D. L., P. M. Dowling, D. A. Eddy, and H. I. Nicol. "A survey of farms on the Central, Southern and Monaro Tablelands of New South Wales: management practices, farmer knowledge of native grasses, and extent of native grass areas." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40, no. 8 (2000): 1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98157.

Full text

Abstract:

Results are presented of a survey of pastoral properties on the Central, Southern and Monaro Tablelands of New South Wales carried out during 1991—92. Landholders were interviewed to obtain information on property size, enterprise types, grazing management, tree clearing, fertiliser history and carrying capacity. In addition, familiarity with native grass species, and knowledge of their value were determined. The main grazing enterprises were wool and beef. The most common form of livestock management was continuous grazing. Most properties had been extensively cleared of trees (average cleared area 80%), and there had been a significant amount of disturbance of the original pastures. This varied from 40% of total property area for the Central and Monaro Tablelands to 60% for the Southern Tablelands. The main form of disturbance was cultivation for pasture sowing or fodder cropping. Landholders had used 80% more fertiliser on disturbed areas than on undisturbed areas, with most fertiliser applied on the Southern Tablelands and least on the Monaro Tablelands. The average carrying capacities of undisturbed and disturbed pastures over the tablelands were 4.3 and 7.7 dry sheep equivalents per hectare, respectively. While most landholders were satisfied with the performance of their sown pastures, there was a lack of knowledge of the contribution of native perennial grasses to pasture production. Using survey data, it was estimated that pastures with native grasses as the major components covered a minimum of 1.38 million hectares or 40% of the surveyed area. With such a large contribution to production, there is a need to assist landholders to identify native perennial grasses so that their potential value can be more fully realised.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Hackney, B. F., J. Jenkins, J. Powells, C. E. Edwards, S. De Meyer, J. G. Howieson, R. J. Yates, and S. E. Orgill. "Soil acidity and nutrient deficiency cause poor legume nodulation in the permanent pasture and mixed farming zones of south-eastern Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 12 (2019): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19039.

Full text

Abstract:

Pasture legumes must be adequately and effectively nodulated in order to reach nitrogen-fixation targets. Of 225 pasture paddocks sampled across the Central Tablelands, Central West, Monaro and Riverina regions of New South Wales, 93% had inadequate legume nodulation. Legume content was significantly higher in the mixed faming zone (>50%, Central West and Riverina) than the permanent pasture zone (26%, Central Tablelands; 28% Monaro). Available phosphorus (P) was below critical levels in 40% of paddocks sampled and sulfur (S) in 73% of paddocks; >35% of all paddocks had soil pHCa <5.0. Deficiency of P was more prevalent in the Central Tablelands (63% of paddocks), whereas S deficiency occurred more frequently in the Central West (95% of paddocks). Legume nodule scores were associated with host legume species, soil pH, available P and/or S, and cation exchange capacity, which collectively accounted for 73% of variation. For Trifolium spp., at soil pHCa >5.55, nodulation was predicted to be near adequate (score 3.95, where adequate = 4). At pHCa <5.55, higher available S resulted in a higher nodulation score (2.42) than in paddocks where S was deficient (score 0–1.97). These results suggest that improving the capacity of legumes to supply nitrogen should focus on addressing soil acidity and plant nutrition, specifically P and S.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Michalk, D. L., P. M. Dowling, D. R. Kemp, W. McG King, I. J. Packer, P. J. Holst, R. E. Jones, et al. "Sustainable grazing systems for the Central Tablelands, New South Wales." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43, no. 8 (2003): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea02180.

Full text

Abstract:

Pasture degradation is a major issue in the high rainfall zone (>600 mm) of temperate Australia. Characterised by a decline in the perennial grass component, this degradation is responsible for reduced livestock production and implicated in environmental problems, such as dryland salinity, through changed water-use patterns. This paper reports on a multi-disciplinary research program conducted at Carcoar in central New South Wales, one of 6 sites that comprised the Sustainable Grazing Systems National Experiment. The aim of the experiment was to develop more profitable and sustainable pasture systems by evaluating the impact of changes in the perennial grass component on animal production and water-use patterns. Tactical management strategies were evaluated on naturalised and sown perennial grass pastures and on chicory (Cichorium intybus), using a Merino ewe-based first cross lamb enterprise. Data presented showed that grazing deferment over summer, combined with reduced stocking rate, increased perenniality and reduced annual grass weeds compared with continuous grazing. Livestock performance, however, did not always follow trends in available perennial herbage mass. Naturalised and sown pastures were suitable for raising prime lambs, but only chicory had the capacity to finish lambs to market specification without supplementation. With respect to water-use patterns, sown perennial pastures were more successful than naturalised pastures in reducing leakage of water from the root zone, although this seemed to be related mostly to the abundance of the perennial grass in the pasture. From a sustainability perspective, continuously grazed pastures generated higher net cash flows, but had negative environmental impacts, whereas tactically grazed pastures had positive on- and off-farm impacts but lower net cash flows. The implications of these findings for incorporation into future management strategies for sustainable production in high rainfall environments are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Goldney, D., and L. Gilbert. "An Assessment of Stream Flow Modelling Combined with The Montana Method as a Basis for Developing Optimal Environmental Flows Below a Proposed Dam." Australian Mammalogy 20, no. 2 (1998): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am98308.

Full text

Abstract:

Little research has been carried out in Australia to determine the riparian and environmental flows needed to maintain riverine ecosystem integrity. Given the range of organisms present in the Australian freshwater biota, each with its own optimal requirements, it is probable that management flow conditions arrived at from species-specific studies, may not necessarily benefit all organisms. We also have inadequate understanding of how freshwater organisms interact with dynamic changes that occur in river systems (drought and flood), and the generally degraded nature of these streams. Hence formulating management outcomes in regard to flow conditions must be viewed as a particularly complex issue. In this paper a case history study is described for a tableland stream in the central west of New South Wales, where a major dam is being built on a first order stream. Comparisons are made with three other creek/river systems in the central tablelands and some implications for platypus conservation are identified.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Garden, D. L., P. M. Dowling, D. A. Eddy, and H. I. Nicol. "The influence of climate, soil, and management on the composition of native grass pastures on the central, southern, and Monaro tablelands of New South Wales." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 9 (2001): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar98184.

Full text

Abstract:

Pastures on 126 properties on the central, southern, and Monaro tablelands were surveyed to determine their botanical composition. Data on climate, soils, pasture sowing, fertiliser history, and stock management were collected to relate current composition to environmental factors and previous management. Native grass-based pastures were found to be widespread, and in many cases, pastures were dominated by native grasses, despite many decades of pasture improvement. Seventeen genera of native perennial grasses comprising over 35 species were identified. The most common species on the central tablelands were Austrodanthonia spp., Bothriochloa macra, and Microlaena stipoides; on the southern tablelands, Austrodanthoniaspp. and M. stipoides; and on the Monaro, Poa spp., Austrodanthonia spp., Themeda australis, and Austrostipa spp. Soil type was the most important factor affecting species distribution, and other soil attributes such as texture, pH, P, and N were also important. Environmental (rainfall) and management (superphosphate application, stock type, stocking rate) factors also influenced distribution. The significant areas of native grass pastures that were found suggest a decline in sown species and a recolonisation of sown pastures with native grasses. The potential for manipulation of botanical composition of these grasslands is discussed, together with their value for production and sustainability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Hesse, Paul P., Geoff S. Humphreys, Barton L. Smith, James Campbell, and Elizabeth K. Peterson. "Age of loess deposits in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales." Soil Research 41, no. 6 (2003): 1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr02152.

Full text

Abstract:

Basal optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages of more than 50 000 years in loessic (parna) mantles on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales indicate significant aeolian silt (c. 30 μm mode) deposition commenced well before the onset of the last glacial maximum. Each mantle consists of >1 m of reddish silty clay loam–silty clay with an earthy fabric which sits atop manganese and iron pans and saprolite. Mixing of saprolite-derived material into the pans and also into the silty layer indicates a site history of steady accumulation of aeolian loess and continual pedogenesis. No palaeosols are found. The OSL chronology of both sites, while low resolution, indicates an almost constant mass accumulation rate from 50 000 years ago through the last glacial maximum and into the Holocene. Local factors affecting retention of deposited dust may be responsible for the apparent passivity of the sites.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Kanowski, J., L. Felderhof, G. Newell, T. Parker, C. Schmidt, B. Stirn, R. Wilson, and J. W. Winter. "Community survey of the distribution of Lumholtz's Tree-kangaroo on the Atherton Tablelands, north-east Queensland." Pacific Conservation Biology 7, no. 2 (2001): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc010079.

Full text

Abstract:

Lumholtz's Tree-kangaroo Dendrolagus lumholtzi is endemic to the rainforests of north Queensland, Australia. Most records of D. lumholtzi are from upland forests on the Atherton Tablelands, an area extensively cleared for agriculture. In 1997, residents of the Tablelands formed the Tree Kangaroo and Mammal Group Inc. (TKMG) with the aim of promoting the conservation of the species. The first project of TKMG was an intensive community-based survey of the distribution of D. lumholtzi. Residents of all postal districts encompassing areas of upland rainforest within the range of D. lumholtzi were sent a written questionnaire seeking details of tree-kangaroo sightings. The Malanda postal district was surveyed in 1998 while all other postal districts were surveyed in 1999. In total, 10 122 questionairres were distributed in the survey. "Nearly 800 responses were received to the survey, providing 2 368 sighting records of D. lumholtzi. Of these, 367 records were of dead tree-kangaroos, mostly road-kills." The survey has provided a much more comprehensive account of the distribution of the species than was previously available. Most records of D. lumholtzi obtained in the survey were from upland forests between Atherton and Ravenshoe, particularly remnant forests in the central and western Tablelands. Although the survey methodology is biased towards areas frequented by humans, these patterns are consistent with independent surveys. The conservation of D. lumholtzi on the Tablelands would benefit from the protection of remnant forests, the restoration of habitat and a reduction in the incidence of road-kills and dog attacks on tree-kangaroos.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Tindale, MD, PG Kodela, and C. Herscovitch. "Acacia meiantha (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), a new species from the central tablelands of New South Wales." Australian Systematic Botany 5, no. 6 (1992): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9920761.

Full text

Abstract:

Acacia meiantha Tindale & Herscovitch, a rare new species of Acacia sect. Phyllodineae, locally common at Clarence, Blue Mountains and in Mullions Range State Forest, on the Central Tablelands, New South Wales, is described and illustrated together with a distribution map. Its putative relationships to the polymorphic Acacia linifolia (Vent.) Willd. as well as to A. boormanii Maiden are discussed in detail. A key is also provided to A. meiantha and its allies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Nevard, Timothy D., Donald C. Franklin, Ian Leiper, George Archibald, and Stephen T. Garnett. "Agriculture, brolgas and Australian sarus cranes on the Atherton Tablelands, Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 25, no. 4 (2019): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc18081.

Full text

Abstract:

Flocks of brolgas (Antigone rubicunda) and Australian sarus cranes (A. antigone gillae) congregate in cropping areas of the Atherton Tablelands in north Queensland, Australia, during the non-breeding months of May to December each year and sometimes come into conflict with farmers. The central part of the region has been declared a Key Biodiversity Area, largely because it is the only well known non-breeding area for the Australian sarus crane. We investigated spatial and temporal patterns of use of this landscape for foraging by the two species to determine how they might be affected by changes in cropping. Abundances of the species were positively correlated with each other over both time and space. Sarus cranes were nevertheless markedly more abundant on the fertile volcanic soils of the central Tablelands, whilst brolgas were more abundant on a variety of soils in outlying cropping areas close to roost sites, especially in the south-west of the region. Both species used a wide variety of crops and pastures but occurred at highest densities on ploughed land and areas from which crops (especially maize) had been harvested. In addition, brolgas were also strongly associated with early-stage winter cereals with volunteer peanuts from the previous crop. We conclude that maize and peanut crops are important as foraging sites for both species during the non-breeding season, a situation that requires management in the interest of both cranes and farmers, especially as cropping patterns intensify and agricultural technology changes. However, we also note that flocking on the Atherton Tablelands indicates that brolgas and sarus cranes are likely to be adaptable to change and able to take advantage of newly created cropping areas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Millott, Jacqueline, and Keith McDougall. "A new species of Pomaderris (Rhamnaceae) from the Central Tablelands of New South Wales." Telopea 11, no. 1 (September 7, 2005): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7751/telopea20055706.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Vere, D. T., R. E. Jones, and M. H. Campbell. "The economics of temperate pasture systems on the central and southern Tablelands of New South Wales." Rangeland Journal 23, no. 2 (2001): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj01003.

Full text

Abstract:

Pastures are the basis of most forms of agricultural production on the New South Wales central and southern tablelands. Pastures occupy the bulk of the region's landmass and pasture-based livestock production annually contributes more than three-quarters of the regional gross value of rural production. Throughout the region, there is substantial variation in pasture composition, ranging from high quality introduced perennial grasses and legumes to pastures comprising mainly low quality native species. This paper examines the economics of the main categories of temperate pastures over a range of soil fertility-rainfall environments on the south-eastern tablelands areas of New South Wales. Using a linear programming model and discounted development budgets, the results demonstrate the strong influence of the environment on the economics of the individual pasture systems. The highest economic returns in both the short and longer-terms were to the introduced perennial grass pastures in most of the environments. Pastures based on introduced legumes and the high quality native species also generated sound economic returns, although there are recognised problems with the persistence of the legume pastures. Over time, the returns to the better quality native pastures compare favourably with the introduced legumes and are better suited to acidic soils than the perennial grasses. Low quality native species produced relatively poor economic returns in all environments and unfortunately, are the main pasture type in the region's less favourable environments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Mbuthia, E. W., J. H. Shariff, A. Raman, D. S. Hodgkins, H. I. Nicol, and S. Mannix. "Abundance and diversity of soil arthropods and fungi in shelterbelts integrated with pastures in the central tablelands of New South Wales, Australia." Journal of Forest Science 58, No. 12 (December 11, 2012): 560–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/12/2012-jfs.

Full text

Abstract:

Shelterbelts are important for the sustainability of agriculture because they provide a variety of benefits to farmers and the society. Several published papers demonstrate that integration of shelterbelts with agroecosystems offers positive outcomes, such as better yield, more congenial microclimate, and greater organic matter levels. Nonetheless, soil biological diversity, the driver of greater organic matter levels, has not been convincingly tested and verified yet. In addressing this gap, we measured abundance and diversity of populations of arthropods and fungi in three<br />11-year old shelterbelts integrated with pasture to determine whether a correlation exists between the abundance of and diversity in populations of arthropods and fungi in two seasons: late autumn-early winter (May–June 2011) and late winter-early spring (August–September 2011). Litter from the soil surface and soil from two depths were sampled at increasing distance from the midpoint of shelterbelts for the extraction of arthropods and isolation culturing of fungi. The relationship among distance, depth and biodiversity of different groups of arthropods and fungi was analysed using linear regression. We found that over both seasons arthropod abundance in the litter and soil declined with increasing distance from the midpoint of the shelterbelts, and with soil depth. However, fungi abundance in either season was not affected by proximity to the shelterbelt but increased with greater soil depth. Distance from the shelterbelt midpoints did not bear an impact on the diversity richness of both arthropods and fungi.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Glen, Alistair S., and Chris R. Dickman. "Monitoring bait removal in vertebrate pest control: a comparison using track identification and remote photography." Wildlife Research 30, no. 1 (2003): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr01059.

Full text

Abstract:

The removal of non-toxic fox baits was monitored simultaneously using identification of tracks in sand plots and an inexpensive method of remote photography. During 1126 bait-nights carried out using both methods at sites in the central and northern tablelands of New South Wales, 106 baits were removed by a variety of target and non-target animals. Whereas the results of sand plots may be inaccurate or unreliable, particularly during poor weather conditions, remote photography provides results that are less open to misinterpretation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

WEBB, R. F., and S. J. OTTAWAY. "The prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in sheep nematodes on the central tablelands of New South Wales." Australian Veterinary Journal 63, no. 1 (January 1986): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02863.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Michalk, D. L., and M. H. Campbell. "Effect of surface-sown pod:seed mixtures on serradella establishment and persistence on rangelands in central New South Wales." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 2 (2002): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea99151.

Full text

Abstract:

Aerial sowing is the only option for introducing improved pasture species into much of the non-arable, acid soil rangelands in central New South Wales. However, low germination of seeds in serradella pods is a major problem causing poor establishment. Sowing different combinations of pod and seed was investigated as a means of improving germination and subsequent persistence in an experiment between 1993 and 1997. Results indicated that a pod:seed mixture of 75:25 was the most suitable ratio for establishing yellow serradella (Ornithopus compressus) when broadcast into native grassland on hardsetting, non-arable, acidic hill country. Nodulation failure observed at this cold tablelands site confirmed the need for a more winter-active inoculant for yellow serradella.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Holst, P. J., D. F. Stanley, G. D. Millar, A. Radburn, D. L. Michalk, P. M. Dowling, R. Van de Ven, et al. "Sustainable grazing systems for the Central Tablelands of New South Wales. 3. Animal production response to pasture type and management." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 4 (2006): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04041.

Full text

Abstract:

The main limitations for prime lamb production in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales are low availability of forage early in the growing season (late autumn–early winter) and low nutritive value in the summer. This paper describes the performance of a first-cross lamb breeding enterprise on 4 pasture types and 2 management systems over 4 years for the Central Tablelands region. The pastures studied comprised a traditional unfertilised naturalised pasture, a similar pasture fertilised with superphosphate, a sod-sown fertilised introduced perennial grass pasture and a sod-sown summer growing perennial, chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) pasture. Grazing management involved either continuous grazing or tactical grazing that combined a lower annual stocking rate with an optional summer rest to maintain perennial grass content above 50%. An additional area of chicory pasture was set aside for finishing lambs. Over the experiment stocking rates were increased each year as the pasture became established, with increases ranging from 1.5 ewes/ha for tactically grazed unfertilised natural pasture to 3.6 ewes/ha, for chicory and clover pasture. The feed quality v. quantity problem of summer and autumn was reaffirmed for each pasture type except chicory and the lamb enterprise appeared to be sufficiently adaptable to be promising. Ewes lambed in September and produced satisfactory lamb growth rates (about 280 g/day for twins) on the various pastures until weaning in late December. Thereafter, lamb growth rates declined as the pastures senesced, except chicory, reaffirming the feed quality v. quantity problem in summer and autumn of naturalised and sown grass pastures for producing lamb to heavyweight market specifications. Weaning liveweights (in the range of 32–40 kg) from grass-based pastures were high enough for only about 45% of the lambs to be sold as domestic trade lambs with the remainder as unfinished lambs. In contrast, the chicory and clover finishing pasture produced lamb growth rates of 125 g/day and quality large, lean lambs suitable for the export market. Vegetable matter in the late January shorn wool was insignificant and there was no significant effect of pasture on fleece weight, fibre diameter or staple strength. Position of break in staples of wool from chicory pastures differed from that of the other pasture types and warrants further study on time of shearing. It was concluded that a first cross lamb producing enterprise of suitable genetics was effective in producing trade and store lambs before pasture senescence, but the inclusion of a specialised pasture of summer growing chicory would create greater opportunities. In the unreliable summer rainfall region of the Central Tablelands, the area of chicory pasture needed to maintain lamb growth rates of >125 g/day, estimated from these results, is around 10 lamb/ha of chicory.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Popp, S., J. Eppleston, B. R. Watt, S. Mansfield, and R. D. Bush. "The prevalence of lice (Bovicola ovis) in sheep flocks on the central and southern Tablelands of New South Wales." Animal Production Science 52, no. 7 (2012): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11240.

Full text

Abstract:

In response to suggestions that the incidence of louse infestations in New South Wales has increased markedly, a survey of 173 producers was conducted in the Tablelands Livestock Health and Pest Authority region using visual detection and a questionnaire to document retrospective lice history. An estimated apparent prevalence of 16.5% is a moderate increase from the 10% reported in 2004. On a subset of the surveyed sheep flocks sheep, lice-specific immunoassay conducted by the New South Wales Department of Primary Industries were used to detect low levels of infestation that were not identified by visual detection. This provided a true prevalence estimate of 30%. These results will be used to promote improved control and preventative strategies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Powys, Vicki. "Regional Variation in the Territorial Songs of Superb Lyrebirds in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales." Emu - Austral Ornithology 95, no. 4 (December 1995): 280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu9950280.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

OTTAWAY, S. J., and R. F. WEBB. "Anthelmintic resistance in Ostertagia and Trichostrongylus populations in sheep in the central tablelands of New South Wales." Australian Veterinary Journal 63, no. 9 (September 1986): 313–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb08080.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

M. Fisher, Andrew, and David C. Goldney. "Use by birds of riparian vegetation in an extensively fragmented landscape." Pacific Conservation Biology 3, no. 3 (1997): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc970275.

Full text

Abstract:

The bird communities of six riparian woodland sites are described and compared with those of eight terrestrial woodland sites in the Central Tablelands near Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia. Riparian woodland, where still present in the Central Tablelands, is dominated by either relatively narrow strips of Casuarina cunninghamiana along stream banks or the less restricted Angophora floribunda trees associated with Eucalyptus melliodora?E. blakelyi woodlands. Four of the riparian sites were located within cleared agricultural land and two were located within a relatively large nature reserve. Bird censuses along a strip transect were conducted twice per season from spring 1993 to summer 1996. The riparian woodland communities contained within the cleared landscape of the Bathurst basin were found to support a diverse avifauna, a mix of woodland-forest and species associated with agricultural landscapes. Extensive observations of individual birds at riparian sites indicate that the tree canopy is the most widely used microhabitat stratum. While native riparian woodlands are generally degraded, their connectivity and stabilizing function (actual or potential) identifies them as a critical landscape component in maintenance or restoration programmes. Hence it is suggested that riparian strips could form the basis for rehabilitation initiatives within this landscape. Fenced plantings of endemic tree species supplemented by native understorey species could be linked with existing vegetation to enhance landscape connectivity. It is crucial that landholders become aware of the importance of riparian vegetation for nature conservation and stream stabilization. Incentives should be provided to landholders to encourage these areas to be fenced from stock in order to protect them from further degradation in a significantly disturbed ecosystem.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Hunter, John. "Eucalyptus saxicola (Myrtaceae), a new species from the Central Tablelands of New South Wales (section Maidenaria series Bridgesianae)." Telopea 9, no. 2 (July 6, 2001): 403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7751/telopea20013011.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Dowling, P. M., D. L. Garden, D. A. Eddy, and D. I. Pickering. "Effect of soil pH on the distribution ofDanthoniaspecies on the tablelands of central and southern New South Wales." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 4 (December 1996): 619–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1996.9513221.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Winstanley, Roy K. "Morphological change and fat accumulation in juvenile red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales." Wildlife Research 27, no. 5 (2000): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr99072.

Full text

Abstract:

Juvenile red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) reach sexual maturation within 10 months of parturition. During this time juveniles need to manage their energy reserves to fuel maintenance metabolism, growth and reproduction. To determine juvenile growth rates and body energy reserves, I measured body mass, morphology, and estimated body fat, in free-living red foxes from approximately 8 weeks of age through to 1 year old. Foxes (n = 163) were sampled monthly from August 1995 to July 1996 in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales. Mean body mass of male and female juvenile foxes was indistinguishable from adult body mass by February, at 16 weeks of age (males 4500 g, females 4200 g). Skeletal measurements of body and forelimb length in both sexes also attained adult proportions by February. Further changes in morphology were minimal in first-year foxes. Total body fat was estimated indirectly using a kidney fat index. Estimated juvenile body fat remained low and stable (6%) in both sexes from December through March. Male body fat peaked in August (11%) but was low in July during mating and also September and October whilst females were denning. Estimated body fat of females peaked in August–September (13%) but declined sharply in October after parturition. In addition, 73% of first-year females sampled during August–October were either pregnant or had recently given birth.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Sharma, Anamika, Anantanarayanan Raman, Gary S. Taylor, Murray J. Fletcher, and Helen Nicol. "Bionomics and feeding impact ofCtenarytaina eucalypti(Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Aphalaridae) onEucalyptus globulus(Myrtaceae) in the central tablelands of New South Wales." Austral Entomology 54, no. 2 (June 3, 2014): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aen.12103.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Kam, Hermann, Graciela Metternicht, Alex Baumber, and Rebecca Cross. "Understanding patterns of information sourcing and motivations to collaborate among absentee landholders: A case study of the Central Tablelands, NSW." Environmental Science & Policy 107 (May 2020): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.02.015.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Davies, HL, and E. Devaud. "Merino ewe and lamb performance in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales following joining in March-April or June-July." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 28, no. 5 (1988): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9880561.

Full text

Abstract:

A March-April joining of Merino ewes was compared with a June-July joining in central New South Wales at a low stocking rate on subterranean clover based pastures over 3 years. In all years, ewes joined in June were heavier (P < 0.05) than ewes joined in March (55 v. 52 kg). Liveweights at the start of lambing and liveweight change from joining to lambing were also high and favoured the later lambing group. The proportion of ewes lambing (97% March v. 93% June) and proportion of ewes twinning (29% March v. 20% June) were not significantly different between the 2 groups, but consistently favoured the March-April joining. Perinatal mortality was low (9.4% March v. 7.1% June) and not significantly different between the 2 groups, but was consistently lower in the June joined group. Number of lambs weaned per 100 ewes joined was also not significantly different, but was higher each year in the March joined group (1 13% March v. 105% June). The growth rate of the lambs (both singles [24% greater, 248 v. 200 g/day] and twins [37% greater, 2 13 v. 155 g/day]) was consistently in favour of March joined ewes. Mean greasy fleece weights of the ewes were not significantly different between the 2 groups, but were in favour of the late joined group (4.83 v. 4.50 kg). Time of joining significantly affected liveweights and greasy and clean fleece weights of the progeny at the shearing in the year following their birth in favour of March joining. These data suggest that, despite a nutritional advantage to the ewes in late pregnancy and milder weather at lambing with a June-July joining, a March- April joining is the preferred option on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Watt, B., J. Eppleston, and NK Dhand. "A survey of ewe mortality on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales in 2010, a year of above‐average rainfall." Australian Veterinary Journal 99, no. 4 (January 13, 2021): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/avj.13053.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Kodela, PG. "Modern Pollen Rain From Forest Communities on the Robertson Plateau, New-South-Wales." Australian Journal of Botany 38, no. 1 (1990): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9900001.

Full text

Abstract:

The modern pollen spectra for Eucalyptus forest and rainforest communities were investigated from 19 sites in the Robertson area on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales. Cluster and discriminant analyses were applied to analyse pollen distribution from within and from outside warm temperate rainforest stands and tall open eucalypt forest stands. Pollen abundance is compared with a number of plant abundance estimates of taxa within forests to study pollen representation at the forest scale. Pollen of Doryphora, Polyosma, Pittosporum, Hymenanthera, Tasmannia, Asclepiadaceae and most rainforest taxa investigated are poorly represented, while sclerophyll and open-ground taxa, particularly Eucalyptus, are better represented. The pollen of many native taxa do not appear to be well dispersed, and local pollen is commonly outweighed by pollen from regional sources. Pollen representation varied between taxa and sites, with factors such as vegetation structure, plant distribution, topography and disturbance influencing pollen representation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Fleming, PJS, and TJ Korn. "Predation of livestock by wild dogs in eastern New South Wales." Rangeland Journal 11, no. 2 (1989): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9890061.

Full text

Abstract:

A monthly survey involving officers from eastern New South Wales Pastures Protection Boards was conducted over four years from 1982 to 1985. Information was collected on the number and type of livestock attacked within each board district, sightings of wild dogs, the number of wild dogs kiied, the method by which they were kiied and the locations at which the observations occurred. A total of 25,644 livestock animals were reported killed or wounded from four regions; the North-East Coastal Region, the North-East Tablelands Region, the Central-East Region and South-East Region. Sheep were the most commonly attacked domestic animals followed by cattle and goats. Regional differences were apparent in the type of livestock killed and seasonal patterns of predation were evident. We recommend that annual control programmes be brought forward from June/July to late April in order to precede predation peaks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

May, CE, and MH Campbell. "Polyploidy and Ribosomal-DNA Spacer Variability in Poa labillardieri." Australian Journal of Botany 39, no. 6 (1991): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9910567.

Full text

Abstract:

With changing agricultural practices, poa tussock (Poa labillardieri Steud.) has become a serious weed of Australian tableland pastures. To determine whether there are any genetic differences within the species that might have a bearing on this problem, accessions of P. labillardieri from seven localities in south-eastern Australia were grown in a field nursery at Bathurst for comparison of their morphological attributes. Seeds from plants grown in this nursery were collected, and a further generation of plants was grown in a glasshouse for cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies. In adult plants of this generation, there were three karyotypic groups with chromosome numbers varying from 2n = 4x = 28, in nonglaucous tussocks of the Upper Hunter Valley, to 2n = 8x = 56, in glaucous tussocks from the Central and Southern Tablelands, to 2n = 12x = 84, in a Victorian coastal tussock. Because the number of chromosomes present in some seedlings from Cooma parents varied from 35 to 49 to 56, diploid or hexaploid plants must also have been present in the Bathurst nursery and contributed to the odd-ploidy seedling chromosome numbers. Ribosomal spacer DNA fragments were investigated using the wheat probe pTa250.4 to label homologous DNA sequences in genomic DNA extracted from the leaves of individual plants of P. labillardieri. Although specific DNA fragments could not be linked to either localities or levels of ploidy, they did show evidence of cross-pollination between plants of the different accessions. These levels of cytogenetic and DNA sequence variability, and the evidence they provide of widespread outcrossing within plants of similar ploidy and of hybridisation between plants of differing ploidy, may well help to explain the success of this species as a weed and affect the control measures used to stop its spread.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Vere, D., and P. Dowling. "An economic analysis of sown pasture trends on the tablelands of south-eastern New South Wales." Rangeland Journal 25, no. 1 (2003): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj03005.

Full text

Abstract:

The latter part of the 20th century has seen a persistent decline in the productivity of some types of sown pastures on the central and southern tablelands of New South Wales. Currently, much research effort is directed to stabilising the perennial grass component of these pastures. This paper evaluates the economic justification of that emphasis. It is argued that trends in livestock production can usefully represent increases or decreases in the stocks of three broad categories of sown pastures that are defined as being those pastures sown to introduced perennial grasses and legumes (perennial grasses), introduced legumes only (legumes), and the total of both these categories. Regression methods were used to determine the changes that have occurred in the livestock production from these pastures that could be explained by changes in a range of economic and other variables. The estimated models were then used to forecast wool, beef and lamb production from each pasture type. The results indicate that changes in prices and costs have influenced the trends in animal production from these pastures and that the structures of these influences have changed over time. Production from perennial grass-legume pastures has remained high relative to production from legume pastures despite adverse cost-price trends. The forecasts indicated a continuation of present levels of perennial grass-legume pasture areas but a decline in production from the legume pastures. The results support the concerns about the continued deterioration in the legume only pastures and the thrust of R&D programs that promote the benefits of perennial grass-legume pastures. The use and analysis of public data to improve understanding of the economic factors that influence the long-term stability of intensively grazed rangelands is highlighted.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Craven, S. J., and N. R. Daczko. "The Keepit arc: provenance of sedimentary rocks in the central Tablelands Complex, southern New England Orogen, Australia, as recorded by detrital zircon." Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 64, no. 3 (March 21, 2017): 401–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08120099.2017.1297329.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Short, J. "The Diet of the Brush-Tailed Rock-Wallaby in New-South-Wales." Wildlife Research 16, no. 1 (1989): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9890011.

Full text

Abstract:

The diet of the brush-tailed rock-wallaby, Petrogale penicillata, was studied at two sites on the central coast and tablelands of New South Wales over a 12-month period of below-average rainfall. Diet was assessed by microscopic analysis of faeces. Particles within the faeces were identified to broad categories of vegetation: grasses, sedges, forbs, parallel-veined shrubs, reticulate-veined shrubs, and ferns. Diets were similar at both sites despite considerable differences in annual average rainfall (1330 v.577mm) and vegetation. Grasses constituted 35-50% of the diet, forbs 25-40%, and browse 12-30%. Ferns and sedges were of minor importance or were absent from the diet. Preferences for particular plant categories (measured as abundance in diet divided by abundance in habitat) were greatest in summer. Parallel-veined shrubs and trees and forbs were most preferred at one site; grasses and shrubs and trees at the other. Ferns were preferred least.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Glen, Alistair S., and Chris R. Dickman. "Effects of bait-station design on the uptake of baits by non-target animals during control programmes for foxes and wild dogs." Wildlife Research 30, no. 2 (2003): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr01060.

Full text

Abstract:

The removal of non-toxic baits was monitored during a simulated trail-baiting programme for foxes and wild dogs in the central tablelands of New South Wales. Ninety-one buried baits were removed by a number of species including spotted-tailed quolls, Australian brush-turkeys, superb lyrebirds, small mammals, wild dogs and a red fox. Spotted-tailed quolls were significantly less likely to remove baits buried under the ground surface than baits buried in raised mounds of soil. By means of remote photography, individual quolls were identified removing 3–4 baits in one night from bait stations 400 m apart. The results of this study show that spotted-tailed quolls and other non-target species may face substantial risk of consuming baits intended for wild dogs and foxes. However, the risk of poisoning spotted-tailed quolls may be significantly reduced by appropriate planning. Recommendations are made to increase the target-specificity of baiting programmes in areas with populations of spotted-tailed quolls.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Tuft, Katherine D., Mathew S. Crowther, and Clare McArthur. "Multiple scales of diet selection by brush-tailed rock-wallabies (Petrogale penicillata)." Australian Mammalogy 33, no. 2 (2011): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am10041.

Full text

Abstract:

Detailed data on diet and diet selection helps to predict how species will respond to changes in their environment. We measured the diet of brush-tailed rock-wallabies (Petrogale penicillata) using microscopic examination of plant cuticle fragments in faeces over two years from three populations across New South Wales: Warrumbungles in the central west, Curracabundi in the New England Tablelands, and Kangaroo Valley south of Sydney. Diet was analysed at the level of plant functional groups for all three populations, then in more detail at the plant species level in the Warrumbungles. Diet selection was measured by comparing diets with vegetation biomass. Across all three populations, rock-wallaby diet comprised 10–40% grass, 30–50% browse, 12–45% forbs and minor quantities of orchid/lilies and sedges. Rock-wallabies selected food resources on multiple scales by combining a generalist feeding strategy at the broad spatial scale (across populations) with a more specialist strategy for particular plant species at the fine spatial scale (within one population).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Davies, H. Lloyd, J. D. McFarlane, O. L. P. de Oliveira, G. W. King, and J. W. James. "A long-term study of superphosphate and stocking rate on sheep production and plant and soil characteristics in central west New South Wales." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 38, no. 5 (1998): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea97034.

Full text

Abstract:

Summary. The effect of 4 rates of superphosphate application (250 kg/ha. year, 125 kg/ha. year, 125 kg/ha every 2 years or 125 kg/ha every 4 years) and a low and high stocking rate (3.6 and 5.4 ewes/ha, 1980–86; and 4.0 and 7.0 ewes/ha, 1986–89) on sheep liveweight, fleece weight, lamb weaning weight, pasture production and botanical composition, soil pH, soil phosphorus, manganese and aluminium concentrations were measured on a Phalaris aquatica–subterranean clover pasture at Stuart Town, New South Wales. Only when 250 kg/ha of superphosphate had been applied annually was there a higher level of soil phosphorus than with the other 3 systems. None of the treatments affected soil pH, soil manganese or aluminium. There were large year effects and individual plot effects on pasture and sheep production but neither the superphosphate rates nor stocking rate significantly affected pasture or animal production. It was concluded that over a 9-year period the application of 125 kg/ha in alternate years can maintain adequate soil phosphorus levels, and satisfactory pasture and animal production on the central tablelands of New South Wales.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Clift, A., and G. L. Baker. "Quantification of the Relationship between Rainfall and Parasitism of Phaulacridium vittatum (Sjöstedt) by Mermithid Nematodes in the Central Tablelands of South-Eastern Australia." Journal of Orthoptera Research, no. 7 (December 1998): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3503497.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Hughes, J. D., I. J. Packer, D. L. Michalk, P. M. Dowling, W. McG King, S. Brisbane, G. D. Millar, S. M. Priest, D. R. Kemp, and T. B. Koen. "Sustainable grazing systems for the Central Tablelands of New South Wales. 4. Soil water dynamics and runoff events for differently-managed pasture types." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 4 (2006): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04269.

Full text

Abstract:

Soil water, runoff amount and quality, pasture production and environmental data were measured for a pastoral prime lamb enterprise in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales from 1998 to 2002. There were 4 pasture treatments: fertilised and sown chicory (CH), fertilised and sown introduced pastures (SP), fertilised naturalised pastures (FN) and unfertilised naturalised pastures (UN). Two grazing management regimes, tactically grazed (TG) and continuously grazed (CG) were imposed on the SP, FN and UN treatments. The CH treatment was rotationally grazed. To compare pasture and grazing system water use, maximum soil water deficit values (SWDMax) were calculated from neutron moisture meter data. SWDMax was influenced by both environmental and management factors. Management factors that influenced SWDMax were herbage mass of perennials, degree of perenniality, and the perennial species present. Environmental factors accounted for >50% of the variation in SWDMax. Inclusion of management factors (perennial herbage mass of C3 and C4 species and percentage perennial herbage mass), accounted for an additional 16% of variation. While the influence of pasture management appears to be relatively small, importantly, management is the only avenue available to land managers for influencing SWDMax. The UNTG and all sown treatments, with greater perennial herbage mass or greater C4 herbage mass consistently produced the highest SWDMax. Runoff amount and quality data are presented for ground cover percentages which generally exceeded 80% for the experimental period. Runoff as a proportion of rain received during the experiment was <3%. Environmental factors explained 47% of variation in runoff, while pasture herbage mass and ground cover percentage explained an additional 2% of variation. Water quality was monitored on 3 treatments (SPTG, FNTG and UNCG) for total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P) and total suspended solids (TST) over a 6-month period. The mean values for total N and P were below the acceptable contaminant concentration for agricultural irrigation water. An important outcome of this research is the concept of a practical Targeted Water Management Plan (TWMP) which devises a framework for optimum water usage and productivity at a landscape scale.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Windsor, Donna M., and AnneMarie Clements. "A Germination and Establishment Field Trial of Themeda australis (Kangaroo Grass) for Mine Site Restoration in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales." Restoration Ecology 9, no. 1 (March 2001): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100x.2001.009001104.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

J. Cox, S., and J. J. Bauer. "Species interactions between the White-winged Chough and Australian Magpie in a fragmented landscape." Pacific Conservation Biology 3, no. 3 (1997): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc970289.

Full text

Abstract:

We studied the ecology of the White-winged Chough and its interaction with the Australian Magpie on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, over seven months. Both species are ground foragers and significant prey overlap was assumed. Invertebrate biomass as an index of habitat quality, showed grasslands to be the most valuable of the three habitats, followed by edge and forest habitats. Magpie territories were positioned around the grasslands and therefore were of higher quality than chough territories which were dominated by forest and edge. Magpies actively exclude chough groups from most of the highly valuable grassland habitat, through repeated and persistent attacks. Despite an apparently effective defensive strategy we concluded that the chough was largely excluded from the most attractive habitat in our study area by the magpie. This study highlights the implications of species interactions on the responses of individual species to habitat fragmentation across a landscape. Implications of this study for the validity of present vertebrate habitat models, which ignore the dynamic nature of population behaviour are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Bush, R. D., R. Barnett, I. J. Links, and P. A. Windsor. "Using abattoir surveillance and producer surveys to investigate the prevalence and current preventative management of Caseous lymphadenitis in Merino flocks in Australia." Animal Production Science 52, no. 7 (2012): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11271.

Full text

Abstract:

The prevalence of Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) in Australia was estimated to be 5.2% using 2009 abattoir surveillance data from all States supplied by Animal Health Australia involving 5029 lines comprising 1 339 463 sheep. This is a decrease from the 26% estimated in a similar study in 1995. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) in CLA prevalence between all states except Tasmania and Victoria (P = 0.75) with prevalences of 12.8 and 12.9%, respectively. Western Australia recorded the lowest prevalence with 1.0%. The average CLA prevalence for New South Wales was 5.3% and within three surveyed Livestock Health and Pest Authority regions (Tablelands, Central North and Central West) was 2.9, 4.9 and 4.4%, respectively. The attitude of the majority of producers surveyed in these three Livestock Health and Pest Authority areas was that CLA was of little or no significance (75%) but were aware of the need for CLA control with ~68% using 6-in-1 vaccine, though only 39.9% as recommended. It appears that the prolonged use of CLA vaccination has been successful in reducing the prevalence of CLA across Australia and particularly in New South Wales. Further improvements in communication of information on preventative management practices associated with lice control, importance of using an approved vaccination program, plus increasing producers’ awareness of the importance of CLA control, are indicated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Gentle, M. N., G. R. Saunders, and C. R. Dickman. "Persistence of sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) in fox baits and implications for fox management in south-eastern Australia." Wildlife Research 34, no. 4 (2007): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr06163.

Full text

Abstract:

The persistence of 1080 in two commonly used fox baits, Foxoff® and chicken wingettes, was assessed under different climatic and rainfall conditions in central-western New South Wales. The rate of 1080 degradation did not change significantly between the Central Tablelands and the relatively hotter and drier environment of the Western Slopes. Loss of 1080 from wingettes was independent of the rainfall and climate conditions, with wingettes remaining lethal to foxes for, on average, 0.9 weeks. Foxoff® baits remained lethal for longer than wingettes under all tested conditions, although their rate of degradation increased generally with increasing rainfall. As a result, areas baited with Foxoff® will require longer withholding periods for working dogs than those baited with wingettes, especially during dry periods. Wingettes may have advantages for use in sensitive areas where long-term hazards from toxic baits are undesirable. We found significant variations in 1080 concentration in freshly prepared baits that may result in efficacy, non-target and regulatory concerns for baiting campaigns. As a result, the superior quality control and shelf-stability of manufactured Foxoff® may be important criteria for favouring its use over freshly prepared bait types. However, use strategies for any bait type must ensure that foxes consume lethal doses of 1080 to avoid potential problems such as the development of learned aversion to baits or pesticide resistance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Mactaggart, Barbara, Johannes Bauer, and David Goldney. "When History May Lead us Astray: using historical documents to reconstruct swampy meadows/chains of ponds in the New South Wales Central Tablelands, Australia." Australian Geographer 38, no. 2 (July 2007): 233–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049180701392782.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

King, W. McG, P. M. Dowling, D. L. Michalk, D. R. Kemp, G. D. Millar, I. J. Packer, S. M. Priest, and J. A. Tarleton. "Sustainable grazing systems for the Central Tablelands of New South Wales. 1. Agronomic implications of vegetation - environment associations within a naturalised temperate perennial grassland." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 4 (2006): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04039.

Full text

Abstract:

Temperate perennial grass-based pastures dominate the high rainfall zone of south-eastern Australia and support a major livestock production industry. This area has experienced a recent change in overall pasture condition, however, typified by a reduction in the abundance of perennial grasses and an increasingly prominent winter-annual grass weed component. Improving the condition and productivity of these pastures can be achieved by improved management but this requires better knowledge of the interactions between management options and pasture species composition and of the interaction between pasture vegetation and the complex effects of a heterogeneous landscape. This paper reports the results of an intensive survey of a 60-ha paddock that was designed to identify the species present, determine their patterns of distribution and examine the relationships between pasture vegetation and the environment. The survey of species present in late summer was supplemented by the identification of seedlings that later emerged from extracted soil cores and by soil physical and chemical analyses. Data were analysed using ordination and interpreted with GIS software so that topographic features could be considered. The most frequently identified taxa were Hypochaeris radicata, Austrodanthonia spp. and Bothriochloa spp. (in late summer) and Vulpia spp., Bromus molliformis and Trifolium subterraneum (winter-annual species). Austrodanthonia spp. were commonly found on the drier ridges and more acid soils with lower phosphate levels. These were also the areas dominated in spring by Vulpia spp. and were generally lower in plant species richness overall. The most species-rich areas occurred downslope where soil fertility was higher and less moisture stress was presumably experienced. The measured environmental factors explained a substantial proportion of the variation in the vegetation dataset, which underlined the importance of considering landscape effects in the management of typical tablelands pastures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Dowling, P. M., D. L. Michalk, D. R. Kemp, G. D. Millar, S. M. Priest, W. McG King, I. J. Packer, P. J. Holst, and J. A. Tarleton. "Sustainable grazing systems for the Central Tablelands of New South Wales. 2. Effect of pasture type and grazing management on pasture productivity and composition." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 4 (2006): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04040.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper reports results from a large-scale field experiment conducted on a naturalised pasture at Carcoar, New South Wales, during the period 1997–2002. Here we describe the effect of pasture type and management on pasture productivity and composition, and discuss implications for long-term productivity. Four different pasture types (unfertilised naturalised, UN; fertilised naturalised, FN; fertilised introduced species, SP; and fertilised chicory, CH) were each subjected to 2 management strategies (continuously grazed, CG; and tactically grazed, TG). Stocking rate was set at a conservative level initially and then adjusted periodically based on ewe performance and minimum values of herbage mass (HM) in winter. TG involved a summer deferment when required and a lower stocking rate than on the CG treatment. CH was managed under a 4-paddock rotation. SP and CH also had 2.5 t/ha lime surface applied before introduced species being sod-sown. Available herbage mass tended to peak during spring and summer and was lowest in late autumn–early winter. Under CG, application of superphosphate to the naturalised pasture increased herbage mass by up to 60%, but most of the response came from annual grasses (mainly vulpia and soft brome), and subterranean clover during spring. Fertiliser initially increased the herbage mass of perennial grasses relative to the unfertilised continuously grazed control, but this component decreased over time. TG increased the perennial grass content. Annual grass herbage mass was greater where fertilised and continuously grazed, but over time declined where unfertilised and/or tactically managed. Legumes were a minor component of these pastures, but were higher where fertilised and lower where tactically grazed. Net pasture growth rate (NGR) varied with seasonal conditions, and was higher where fertiliser was applied. The data suggest that replanting perennial grasses is an effective process for increasing perenniality in this environment providing that it is economic. Further, the implementation of TG over summer has proved to be a useful approach for maintaining or increasing perennial content in existing pastures. However, there is a need to integrate TG with the timing of superphosphate application to maximise the effect on the perennial component and minimise dominance by annual species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Vere, D. T., R. E. Jones, and M. H. Campbell. "Long-term change in the economic productivity of four major pasture categories on the south-eastern Tablelands of New South Wales." Rangeland Journal 23, no. 2 (2001): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj01002.

Full text

Abstract:

The perception of change or decline in the productivity of temperate pastures in south-eastern Australia is an important concern to livestock producers and pasture scientists. Much of this concern relates to reductions in the proportions of desirable species in the composition of pasture systems as a result of increased soil and weed problems. The purpose of this paper is to investigate trends in the long-term economic productivity of four categories of temperate pastures (all introduced pastures, introduced perennial grasses, introduced legumes and all native pastures) on the central and southern tablelands of New South Wales. The results provide evidence of economic productivity decline in the all introduced pastures category in relation to sheep production, but this has been due to productivity decline in the dominant legume component of the introduced pastures. In contrast, there has been strong growth in the economic productivity of the introduced perennial grass pastures. Abnormally high beef cattle numbers in the mid-1970s appear to have created an illusion of high productivity and subsequent decline in all introduced pastures. In contrast, the economic productivity of the native pastures which are the bulk of the region's grazing areas, has fallen substantially.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Tom, Nisha, Anantanarayanan Raman, Dennis S. Hodgkins, and Helen Nicol. "Populations of soil organisms under continuous set stocked and high intensity‐short duration rotational grazing practices in the central tablelands of New South Wales (Australia)." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 49, no. 3 (September 2006): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2006.9513717.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Assine, Mario Luis, Eder Renato Merino, Fabiano do Nascimento Pupim, Hudson de Azevedo Macedo, and Mauricio Guerreiro Martinho dos Santos. "The Quaternary alluvial systems tract of the Pantanal Basin, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Geology 45, no. 3 (September 2015): 475–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-4889201520150014.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The Pantanal Basin is an active sedimentary basin in central-west Brazil that consists of a complex alluvial systems tract characterized by the interaction between different river systems developed in one of the largest wetlands in the world. The Paraguay River is the trunk river system that drains the water and part of the sediment load received from areas outside of the basin. Depositional styles vary considerably along the river profiles throughout the basin, with the development of entrenched meandering belts, anastomosing reaches, and floodplain ponds. Paleodrainage patterns are preserved on the surface of abandoned lobes of fluvial fans, which also exhibit many degradational channels. Here, we propose a novel classification scheme according to which the geomorphology, hydrological regime and sedimentary dynamics of these fluvial systems are determined by the geology and geomorphology of the source areas. In this way, the following systems are recognized and described: (I) the Paraguay trunk-river plains; (II) fluvial fans sourced by the tablelands catchment area; (III) fluvial fans sourced by lowlands; and (IV) fluvial interfans. We highlight the importance of considering the influences of source areas when interpreting contrasting styles of fluvial architectures in the rock record.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Central Tablelands'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles