Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Central projections'
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Li, Daqing. "Entorhino-hippocampal projections in organotypic cultures." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315340.
Full textMagalhães, Maria João Teixeira Ribeiro de. "Brain projections from the medullary ventral reticular nucleus." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/899.
Full textO Sistema Nervoso (SN) dos mamíferos é uma rede complexa de células especializadas na recepção, transmissão e integração de informação. O desempenho de cada um dos subsistemas depende da forma como a comunicação entre as diferentes áreas se organiza. Várias ferramentas têm vindo a ser desenvolvidas para o efeito, sendo actualmente os traçadores neuroanatómicos aquelas de uso mais abrangente. Após injecção do traçador seleccionado na área pretendida do SN, este é incorporado e subsequentemente transportado de forma retrógrada ou anterógrada de acordo com as suas propriedades. O estudo dos sistemas supraespinais de controlo da dor tem em muito beneficiado do uso desta tecnologia. Várias áreas do encéfalo e, em particular, da formação reticular do tronco cerebral, participam na modulação supraspinal da dor. O núcleo reticular ventral (VRt) do bolbo raquidiano continua a ser uma área pouco explorada do encéfalo, contrariamente ao seu homólogo dorsal (DRt), cujo envolvimento na modulação da dor se encontra bem estabelecido. No presente trabalho, as projecções encefálicas (eferentes e aferentes) do VRt são analisadas no rato, recorrendo-se para tal a injecções intracerebrais de traçadores neuronais anterógrados e retrógrados, respectivamente o dextrano-amina biotinilado (BDA) e a subunidade B da toxina da cólera (CTb). Verificou-se que os neurónios do VRt recebem projecções e projectam para áreas do encéfalo implicadas no processamento somatosensitivo, emocional e cognitivo da dor. Estes resultados corroboram com o papel do VRt na modulação da dor. As projecções encefálicas do VRt e DRt para o tronco cerebral são em si muito semelhantes, com o VRt a projectar para áreas mais restritas do diencéfalo. O papel de cada um dos núcleos na modulação da dor poderá estar relacionado com as diferenças observadas nas projecções dos núcleos. ABSTRACT: The nervous system (SN) of a mammal is a complex network of cells specialized for the reception, transmission and integration of information. The performance of each subsystem depends on how the communication between different areas is organized. Several tools have been developed for this purpose, being currently the neuroanatomical tracers those of wider use. After selected tracer injection in the desired area of the SN, this one is incorporated and subsequently transported anterogradely and retrogradely according to their properties. The study of the supraspinal pain control systems has greatly benefited from the use of this technology. Several areas of the brain and, in particular, the reticular formation of the brainstem, are involved in supraspinal pain modulation. The ventral portion of the caudal reticular formation (VRt) remains a relatively unexplored area of the brain contrary to its dorsal counterpart (DRt), whose involvement in pain modulation is well established. In the present work, the VRt brain connections (efferent and afferent projections) are investigated in the rat, using iontophoretic injections of the anterograde tracer biotinylated-dextran amine (BDA) and the retrograde tracer cholera toxin-subunit (CTb). It was found that neurons from the VRt receive and project to areas of the brain involved in somatosensitive, emotional and cognitive pain processing. The set of brain projections observed in VRt is compatible with a role in pain modulation. VRt and DRt brain projections to the brainstem are similar; however, concerning to the diencephalon, VRt has a narrower set of targets. It remains unclear how these differences relate to differential roles in pain modulation.
Matthews-Pennanen, Neil. "Assessment of Potential Changes in Crop Yields in the Central United States Under Climate Change Regimes." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7017.
Full textYetman, Simone. "Central projections of labellar taste hairs in the blowfly Phormia regina Meigen and their positional effects on proboscis extension." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65404.
Full textMa, Wu. "Aspects structuraux et ultrastructuraux des projections spinales et trigeminales dans le thalamus et l'aire parabrachiale." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066132.
Full textSchwab, Dirk. "H-Flächen in Zentralprojektion - H-Surfaces in Central Projection." Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2003. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-12232002-135134/.
Full textMalloch, Steven Philip 1955. "Water availability for the Central Arizona Project : a projection for 1985-2040." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191914.
Full textSpencer, Robert Michael. "Rhythmic motor system control by projection neuron activity pattern and rate." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1461269867.
Full textAlanentalo, Tomas. "Optical projection tomography based 3D-spatial and quantitative assessments of the diabetic pancreas." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1939.
Full textLeloup, Thierry. "Reconstruction 3D et navigation à partir de quelques projections centrales - Applications à la traumatologie des os longs." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211317.
Full textLillevoll, Siri Corneliussen. "Mapping projection neurons originating from male-specific versus ordinary antennal lobe glomeruli in the central olfactory pathway of the moth Heliothis virescens." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Psykologisk institutt, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23566.
Full textPhylogenetically, the chemical senses are considered to be the oldest and all organisms have developed a system for detecting chemical molecules from the external environment. Insects possess long antennae which are covered with olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) capable of detecting volatile odors from the surroundings environment – both pheromones and plant odors alike. The olfactory information is transduced to nerve impulses that are carried to the primary olfactory center in the insect brain, the antennal lobe. The sexual response of the male moth is directly linked to the olfactory sense; being able to detect the pheromone trail emitted by a calling female, is a prerequisite for reproductive success of the male. The two segregated but parallel olfactory pathways which are found in the male moth, dedicated to pheromones and plant odors, respectively, makes this organism an excellent mini-model for studying the olfactory system. By inserting one dye (dextran tetramethylrodamine/biotin) into the antennal lobe area that is responsible for processing pheromone information and another dye (dextran fluorescein/biotin or Alexa 488) into the area processing plant odor signals, the antenno-protocerebral tracts linked to the two odor systems were visualized in the current project. The antenno-protocerebral tracts connect the antennal lobe to higher integration areas, particularly to the mushroom body calyces and the lateral protocerebrum. The results demonstrate that projection neurons linked to the two olfactory sub-systems, dedicated to pheromones and plant odors, respectively, are present in all the three main tracts. The antennal lobe output neurons tuned to pheromones showed a partly different projection pattern from that displayed by plant odor neuron, both in the calyces and in the lateral protocerebrum. In addition to the three main antenno-protocerebral tracts previously described, a new tract, not formerly found, was discovered – the so-called 2nd medio-lateral antenno-protocerebral tract.
Gardette, Robert. "Contribution a l'etude des proprietes electrophysiologiques des neurones de projection cerebelleux chez l'adulte et au cours du developpement postnatal." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066387.
Full textCordier-Picouet, Marie-Jeanne. "Organisation du systeme visuel et mise en place de la retinotopie tectale chez les amphibiens anoures." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077104.
Full textDeger, Deniz. "The Evolution Of Central Eurasia Policy Of The Us In The Post-soviet Era And The Geopolitics Of The Caspian Oil." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607703/index.pdf.
Full texts strategic engagement in the region with a due regard to changing geopolitical context with the demise of the Soviet Union. The main argument rests upon the assumption that the US regional policy is primarily motivated by geopolitical imperatives as the Central Eurasian region becomes the primary springboard for the attainment of global supremacy. Within this respect, energy is only one aspect of the ongoing geopolitical competition. That the geopolitical priorities are preponderant to geoeconomic interests are basically observed by the intense geostrategic struggle over dominating the prospective oil and gas pipelines from the region. Eventually, within the confines of this thesis, it is deduced that the ultimate parameters of the geopolitical struggle, the framework of which was specified by the United States, have revealed themselves more explicitly in the aftermath of the September 11, which only reinforced the strategic significance of Central Eurasia in coping with the new geopolitical fault lines of the 21st century. Within this regard, Central Eurasia has transformed into an implicit geostrategic standoff between the United States on the one hand, and Russia and China on the other. Accordingly, the fact that the United States could by no means remain complacent about the fate of Central Eurasia against such a backdrop of high geopolitical fluidity in the overall Eurasian continent is most relevant to the possibility of rising potential aspirants for global dominance that would challenge the United States in the long term.
Senut, Marie-Claude. "Contribution a l'etude du developpement du systeme retino-tectal chez les oiseaux : transplantations homotopiques et heterotopiques entre la caille et le poulet." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066098.
Full textGarcia, René. "Etude quantitative du codage de l'information visuelle dans le système rétino-tecto-tectal ipsilatéral de Rana esculenta (amphibien, anoure) : comparaison avec la projection contralatérale directe." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2334.
Full textChaudun, Fabrice. "Involvement of dorsomedial prefrontal projections pathways to the basolateral amygdala and ventrolateral periaqueductal grey matter in conditioned fear expression." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0118/document.
Full textA central endeavour of modern neuroscience is to understand the neural basis of learningand how the selection of dedicated circuits modulates experience-dependent changes inbehaviour. Decades of research allowed a global understanding of the computations occurring inhard-wired networks during associative learning, in particular fear behaviour. However, brainfunctions are not only derived from hard-wired circuits, but also depend on modulation of circuitfunction. It is therefore realistic to consider that brain areas contain multiple potential circuitswhich selection is based on environmental context and internal state. Whereas the role of entirebrain areas such as the amygdala (AMG), the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) or theperiaqueductal grey matter (PAG) in fear behaviour is reasonably well understood at themolecular and synaptic levels, there is a big gap in our knowledge of how fear behaviour iscontrolled at the level of defined circuits within these brain areas. More particularly, whereas thedmPFC densely project to both the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and PAG, the contributions ofthese two projections pathway during fear behaviour are largely unknown. Beside theinvolvement of these neuronal pathways in the transmission of fear related-information, theneuronal mechanisms involved in the encoding of fear behaviour within these pathways are alsovirtually unknown. In this context, the present thesis work had two main objectives. First,evaluate the contribution of the dmPFC-BLA and dmPFC-vlPAG pathways in the regulation offear behaviour, and second, identify the neuronal mechanisms controlling fear expression in thesecircuits. To achieve these goals, we used a combination of single unit and local field potentialrecordings coupled to optogenetic approaches in behaving animals submitted to a discriminativefear conditioning paradigm. Our results first, identified a novel neuronal mechanism of fear expression based on the development of 4 H oscillations within dmPFC-BLA circuits thatdetermine the dynamics of freezing behaviour and allows the long-range synchronization offiring activities to drive fear behaviour. Secondly, our results identified the precise circuitry at thelevel of the dmPFC and vlPAG that causally regulate fear behaviour. Together these data provideimportant insights into the neuronal circuits and mechanisms of fear behaviour. Ultimately thesefindings will eventually lead to a refinement of actual therapeutic strategies for pathological conditions such as anxiety disorders
Gayard, Grégoire. "Projection internationale des entités fédérées : comparaison des politiques internationales en matière de climat du Québec et de la Wallonie." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020002.
Full textFederated units are increasingly active beyond their national borders. The strategies they employ depends in part on the federal context and political dynamics of the Federation these units belong to. The cases of Quebec, Canada, and Wallonia, Belgium, offer a contrasted glimpse on how federated units can take part in the foreign policy of their federation and develop their own autonomous actions abroad. In Canada, the weak institutionalization of intergovernmental affairs and the gaps of the Canadian Constitution on the sharing of external policy responsibilities has effectively given Ottawa control of Canada’s foreign policy. In this context, Quebec has used paradiplomacy to develop its own actions abroad. In Belgium, by contrast, the responsibilities with regards to external affairs have been shared among the federal government and the federated units as the country moved from a unitary system to a federal organization. In accordance with the “in foro interno, in foro externo” principle, Belgian Communities and Regions enjoy a vast autonomy regarding external affairs and are deeply involved in the making of Belgium’s foreign policy. These elements help to understand the different strategies picked by Quebec and Wallonia to get involved in the international talks on climate change. Whereas Quebec primarily relied on paradiplomacy, the Walloons chose to focus on the Belgian internal cooperation to defend their interest through the voice of Belgium
Miceli, Dom. "Organisation anatomo-fonctionnelle des afferences et efferences de l'hyperstriatum visuel des oiseaux." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066188.
Full textGiraud, Elie. "NGPLS : Algorithme Génétique Nicheur couplé à la Projection en Structures Latentes. Un nouvel outil de constructions de relations structure-activité quantitatives. Applications pharmaceutiques aux domaines de l'oncologie et du système nerveux central." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30022.
Full textIn the quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) research field, a common solution to perform variable selection and QSAR model building is the use of a simple genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with partial least squares (GAPLS). Variable selection and QSAR model building is a polyoptima problem and we demonstrated that a simple GA is a poor tool for such problem. We investigated an alternative solution to better handle the search space polyoptimality and to identify more predictive QSAR models. We proposed a new algorithm that is a combination of a niching genetic algorithm with partial least squares (NGPLS). Niching genetic algorithms have the ability to divide the search space in niches and to promote useful diversity. We demonstrated on different reference QSAR datasets that NGPLS outperforms GAPLS and allows to identify more predictive and diverse QSAR models than GAPLS. However, NGPLS is slower. We also highlighted that NGPLS can induce a cooperative effect between maintained QSAR models that can be decisive to find better final solutions. Finally, we worked on two different pharmaceutical applications lying on the oncology and the central nervous system areas. In both studies, we confirmed that NGPLS permits to discover more predictive and diverse QSAR models than GAPLS. We also proposed a new directional QSAR approach combining a D-optimal design, PLS and principal component analysis that proved in combination with NGPLS to be efficient decision making tools for the lead optimisation process
Cadusseau, Josette. "Proposition d'une nouvelle définition du noyau postérieur du thalamus chez le rat, d'après une étude hodologique." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2025.
Full textObritzhauser, Filip. "Detailní projektování technologického pracoviště ve společnosti TATRA TRUCKS a.s." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241694.
Full textDe, Clercq Charles. "Vers une classification des décompositions motiviques d'espaces homogènes." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653272.
Full textAigouy, Louis. "Contribution a l'etude des voies du reflexe d'ouverture de la gueule et de ses fluctuations sous l'effet de stimulations peripheriques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF21060.
Full textFino, Raphaël. "Around rationality of algebraic cycles." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066231/document.
Full textLet $X$ and $Y$ be some varieties over a field $F$. In many situations, it is important to know if an algebraic cycle modulo rational equivalence $y$ on $Y$ defined over the function field $F(X)$ of $X$ is actually defined over the base field $F$. In this dissertation, we study that matter, making the variety $X$ vary among varieties such as quadrics, projective homogeneous varieties or principal homogeneous spaces. In each situation, we use appropriate tools, such as Steenrod operations, motivic decomposition results or cohomological invariants of algebraic groups
Durieu, Olivier. "Comportements Asymptotiques des Processus Stationnaires et des Processus Empiriques dans des Systèmes Dynamiques." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00346539.
Full textDans le cadre du principe d'invariance faible de Donsker, plusieurs résultats s'obtiennent au travers d'approximations par des martingales et plus généralement par des critères projectifs. Nous comparons quatre de ces critères et montrons leur indépendance mutuelle. Les critères étudiés sont la décomposition martingale-cobord (Gordin, 1969), la condition de Hannan (1979), le critère de Dedecker et Rio (2000) et
la condition de Maxwell et Woodroofe (2000).
En ce qui concerne le comportement asymptotique des processus empiriques, nous établissons un principe d'invariance dans le cas des automorphismes du tore. Cela permet de sortir du cadre hyperbolique connu et d'obtenir un premier résultat pour une transformation partiellement hyperbolique.
Nous proposons également une nouvelle approche, basée sur des méthodes d'opérateurs, permettant d'établir un principe d'invariance empirique. Cette méthode s'applique en particulier aux cas où l'on a de bonnes propriétés pour une classe de fonctions ne contenant pas les fonctions indicatrices. C'est en particulier le cas de certains systèmes dynamiques dont l'opérateur de transfert admet un trou spectral.
En dernier lieu, suivant une question de Burton et Denker (1987), nous nous intéressons à la classe des processus pour lesquels le théorème limite central a lieu. En référence au cadre des processus empiriques, nous étudions en particulier les suites de sommes partielles des itérées d'une fonction indicatrice.
Herent, Coralie. "Respiratory Adaption to Running Exercise : A Behavioral and Neuronal Circuits Study in Mice Absent Phasing of Respiratory and Locomotor Rhythms in Running Mice Control of Orienting Movements and Locomotion by Projection-Defined Subsets of Brainstem V2a Neurons Afadin Signaling at the Spinal Neuroepithelium Regulates Central Canal Formation and Gait Selection." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASL001.
Full textDuring running, ventilation increases to match the augmented energetic demand. Yet the presumed neuronal substrates for this running hyperpnea have remained elusive. To fill this gap, we have, in mice, examined the interactions between i) limb movements and respiratory cycles, and ii) locomotor and respiratory neural networks. First, by combining electromyographic recordings (EMG) of the diaphragm with limb video-tracking in running mice, we show that, for a wide range of trotting speeds on a treadmill, breathing rate increases to a fixed value, irrespective of running speeds. Importantly, breaths are never temporally synchronized to strides, highlighting that exercise hyperpnea can operate without phasic signals from limb sensory feedbacks. We next sought to identify candidate trigger neurons in the locomotor central network, and their partners in respiratory centers. Combining EMG recordings, viral tracing, and activity interference tools, we first show that the prime supraspinal center for locomotor initiation (the mesencephalic locomotor region, MLR) can upregulate breathing during, and even before, running. Indeed, the MLR contacts directly and modulates the main inspiratory generator, the preBötzinger complex. We show that the lumbar locomotor circuits also have an excitatory action onto respiratory activity, but that this ascending drive targets another essential respiratory group, the retrotrapezoid nucleus. This work highlights the multifunctional nature of locomotor command and executive centers, and points to multiple neuronal pathways capable of upregulating breathing during, or possibly even prior to, running
Hourlier, Adrien. "Background studies for electron anti-neutrino oscillations measurement at the Double Chooz experiment." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC192/document.
Full textDouble Chooz is a reactor anti-neutrino experiment which measures the θ13 mixing parameter in the neutrino oscillation phenomenon thanks to two identical underground detectors located at different distances from the two reactors of the Chooz nuclear power plant in the French Ardennes. The Far Detector started data taking in April 2011 and the Near Detector began operations in January 2015. This thesis presents an analysis of both the single- and twodetector phases. Neutrinos interact in Double Chooz through inverse β decay on protons, where positron and a neutron are emitted, creating two coincident signals. Analyses were performed for each detector on independent samples using the neutron capture on Gadolinium or on Hydrogen. A combined analysis, using both neutron captures is also presented. Backgrounds to the neutrino sample originate from the ambient radioactivity and the abundance of atmospheric muons (cosmogenic (β-n) emitters, fast neutron showers, and muons stopping and decaying inside the detector). This thesis focuses on developing techniques for measuring and reducing the Stopping Muon background. With colleagues from APC and MIT, a 60 litre neutron TPC was installed in both underground laboratories at Chooz. This low pressure He/CF4-based time projection chamber, called DCTPC, measures the flux, energy spectrum and direction of fast neutrons in both locations, with different overburdens (150 and 300 meters water equivalent for the Near and Far Laboratories respectively)
Abs, Elsa. "Eco-evolutionary modeling of soil microbial decomposition in a warming climate." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/ABS_Elsa_2_complete_20190108.pdf.
Full textOne major source of uncertainty in global climate predictions is the extent to which global warming will increase atmospheric CO2 concentrations through enhanced microbial decomposition of soil organic matter. There is therefore a critical need for models that mechanistically link decomposition to the dynamics of microbial communities, and integration of these mechanistic models in global projection models of the Earth system. Mathematical models of soil microbial decomposition models have recently been introduced to predict soil C stocks and heterotrophic soil respiration, especially in the context of climate change. Thus far, models focused on physiological and ecological mechanisms of microbial responses, leaving the role of evolutionary adaptation poorly understood. My thesis addresses this gap and evaluates the hypothesis that microbial evolutionary adaptation to warming can have a significant impact on the global carbon cycle. After reviewing mechanistic, non- evolutionary microbial models of decomposition, I construct an eco-evolutionary spatially explicit, stochastic model, scaling up from microscopic processes acting at the level of cells and extracellular molecules. I use an approximated version of the model (spatially implicit, deterministic) to investigate the eco-evolutionary response of a soil microbe-enzyme system to warming, under three possible scenarios for the influence of temperature on microbial activity. In the absence of microbial evolution, warming results in soil carbon loss to the atmosphere (an amplification of climate change) in all scenarios. Microbial evolutionary adaptation generally aggravates soil carbon loss in cold ecosystems, and may aggravate, buffer or even reverse carbon loss in warm ecosystems. Constraining the model with observations from five contrasting biomes reveals evolutionary aggravation of soil carbon loss to be the most likely outcome. Earth-scale projections of carbon stocks that integrate my eco-evolutionary model support the prediction of a significant global aggravation of soil C loss due to microbial evolution. Dormant soils, in which microbial activity is very low, play a special role in the long-term eco-evolutionary dynamics of global soil carbon, since in these regions, the negative effect of evolution on soil carbon stocks may not kick in until the microbial community shifts from dormant to active, and may thus be delayed by decades. Overall, my work is a first step toward predictive modeling of eco- evolutionary dynamics of carbon cycling; it also lays the ground for a broad future research program that will empirically test model predictions about the role of evolutionary mechanisms in different systems across the globe, by leveraging the growing global archive of soil metagenomics data to quantify variations in microbial metabolic functions and their response to selection. Mots clés en français (10 max) : changement climatique, cycle du carbone, décomposition, projections globales, évolution microbienne, dynamiques adaptatives, rétroaction sol-climat, évolution de la coopération, modèles individu-centrés.Mots clés en anglais : climate change, carbon cycle, decomposition, global predictions, microbial evolution, adaptive dynamics, soil-climate feedbacks, evolution of cooperation, individual-based models
Pan, Ching-Yueh, and 潘青岳. "Projections in finite-dimensional central simple algebras." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41516862123223020197.
Full text國立臺灣大學
數學系
85
Let R be a finite--dimensional central simple C-algebra with involution * of the first kind and characteristic of R does not equal to 2. In this paper we decide the C-subspace spanned by all projections. As a consequence we obtain a theorem concerning about power reduction property for generalized identities of symmetric elements in 2-torsion free semiprime ring with involution.
Dicke, Ian James. "Grand Central for chamber orchestra, live audio processing, and video projections." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2012-05-5217.
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Karmalkar, Ambarish. "Climate change projections for Central America: A regional climate model study." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3397715.
Full text(9105224), Hannah K. Serlin. "The Dynamic Relationship Between Peripheral and Central Nodose Ganglion Projections: Neurotrophin-4 Exerts Organ-Specific Regulation of Vagal Afferents." Thesis, 2020.
Find full textTousson, Ehab. "Neural processing of chemosensory information from the locust ovipositor." Doctoral thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-ABDE-A.
Full textBarreto, João Pedro de Almeida. "General central projection systems : modeling, calibration and visual servoing." Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/1916.
Full textOs sensores catadióptricos centrais combinam câmaras convencionais com sistemas de espelhos de forma a obter imagens panorâmicas com um único centro de projecção. No entanto o modelo de projecção é altamente não linear, e as imagens apresentam propriedades geométricas muito dispares das imagens em perspectiva convencionais. Este trabalho começa por apresentar um modelo para sistemas de projecção central generalizados em que a camâra em perspectiva aparece como um caso particular. O modelo de formação de imagem é utilizado para estudar a projecção de linhas. Deduzimos várias propriedades e invariantes projectivos que são úteis tanto para reconstrução como para calibração. É demonstrado que qualquer sistema catadióptrico central pode ser integralmente calibrado a partir da imagem de um mínimo de três linhas. Um método para calibrar sensores paracatadióptricos usando imagens de linhas é proposto. A ambiguidade na estimação das cónicas onde as linhas são mapeadas é resolvida usando restrições geométricas. Os resultados experimentais mostram um desempenho claramente superior às aproximações ao problema que aparecem na literatura. Apresentamos ainda um algoritmo para estimar a imagem de linhas em imagens paracatadióptrica calibradas. O algoritmo é computacionalmente eficiente e extremamente robusto ao ruído. A matriz jacobiana para sistemas de projecção central generalizados é deduzida e estudada pela primeira vez. São realizadas experiências em estimação de pose e seguimento de corpos rígidos usando imagens catadióptricas. O último capítulo do trabalho discute a importância do sistema de coordenadas usado para referenciar os pontos no mundo. O processo de formação de uma imagem é uma transformação entre pontos no espaço 3D e pontos no plano. Uma escolha criteriosa do sistema de coordenadas pode simplificar esta transformação. Nós apresentamos uma forma sistemática de escolher o sistema de referência mais adequado a um certo sensor/aplicação.
Malloch, Steven Philip. "Water availability for the Central Arizona Project a projection for 1985-2040 /." 1986. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1986_563_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
Full textGaleta, Patrik. "Struktura populace a modelování jejích změn: Neolitická demografická tranzice ve střední Evropě." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-311382.
Full textVlachová, Jana. "Stereoskopické promítání." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-306040.
Full textTsai, Shin-yi, and 蔡欣怡. "The Expressions of nitric oxide synthase and superoxide dismutase in cord-projection central neurons following spinal axonal injury." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04038787447995965871.
Full text國立臺灣大學
解剖學研究所
88
In this study, we used rat rubrospinal neurons as an intrinsic central neuron model and investigated their responses related to reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species synthesis following spinal axonal injury and compared this to that of the peripheral nerve model, facial neurectomy. In the red nucleus, the number of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-immunoreactive cells started to increase at 3 days, reached maximum at 1-2 weeks, and decreased to baseline level at 1? years following axonal injury. Labeled neurons appeared only in the caudal pole and the ventrolateral, but not the dorsomedial, area of the caudal nucleus. In addition, almost all NOS-immunoreactive cells were found to contain the retrograde tracer Fast blue applied at the lesion site to identify axotomized rubrospinal neurons. These suggest that only axotomized rubrospinal neurons projecting to the lumbar spinal cord were induced to express high levels of NOS although cervical projection neurons were also axotomized. On the contrary, middle nucleus, which contains mainly neurons not projecting to the spinal cord, was filled with fine NOS-immunoreactive axon profiles with boutons in both normal and injured animals. Very few similar axon profiles were found in the caudal nucleus of both normal and injured nucleus. These suggest that NOS-immunoreactive axons reaching the middle nucleus were probably originated from source(s) different from those innervating the caudal nucleus and they were not altered by rubrospinal tractotomy. Concomitant with the changes of NOS immunoreactivity, neuronal mitochondrial superoxide dismutase, Mn-SOD and cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase, Cu/Zn-SOD were unchanged following spinal axotomy suggesting a lack of protection of injured neurons since SOD can compete with NO for superoxide thus reducing its neurotoxic effect. To complicate this further, the expression of calcineurin, which can up-regulate NOS activity upon calcium entry was also maintained in rubrospinal neurons following spinal axotomy. Unlike rubrospinal neurons, facial nerve cut resulted in an increase of mitochondrial Mn-SOD, but not Cu/Zn-SOD in injured facial neurons while NOS immunoreactivity was also increased. Thus, both central and peripheral neurons increase NO production to cope with axonal injury. However injured peripheral neurons also increase their expression of Mn-SOD simultaneously to prevent the consequent generation of peroxynitrite, thus more likely to save the cells from toxic influences. The lack of an increase of SOD in intrinsic central neurons following axotomy is likely to result in their eventual cell death.
Tang, Kim Oanh. "Projection de la mortalité aux âges avancées au Canada : comparaison de trois modèles." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7899.
Full textCheng-HungKo and 柯承宏. "A Study of the Optimal Scale Factor along the Central Meridian for the TWD97 Transverse Mercator Projection in 2˚ Zones." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69285020876355271694.
Full textWang, Yueh-Jan, and 王曰然. "Spinal Cord InjuryRegulations on the Efficacy of Afferent and Cytosolic Calcium-Binding Proteins in Axotomized Cord-Projecting Central Neurons." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71206179124287298707.
Full text國立臺灣大學
解剖學研究所
87
Spinal cord injury often damages the axons of cord-projecting central neurons. Using rat rubrospinal neurons as a model we found previously that injured neurons were more excitable than their normal counterparts. To find out whether the survival of injured neurons is accompanied by modification of their afferent inputs, we examined the cerebellar afferent to the injured nuclear area and found it to terminate in a pattern similar to that of their normal counterparts. Ultrastructurally, typical excitatory synapses were found to contact presumed injured neurons with no sign of stripping of synapses by glial cells. To find out how injured neurons might be affected by the persistent glutamatergic afferents, we examined the expression of glutamate receptors in injured neurons. Expression of the AMPA (GluR1-4) and NMDA (NR1) types of the ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits were found to down-regulate 2 to 6-day-post-injury and returned to normal levels afterward. Expression of GluR2 appeared to be lower than those of GluR1, 3, and 4 suggesting that many AMPA receptors formed on rubrospinal neurons are permeable to Ca2+ since receptors incorporating GluR2 show little Ca2+ permeability. High levels of NR1 was expressed in normal neurons suggesting that significant Ca2+ may enter rubrospinal neurons upon the activation of excitatory synapses. Its expression also displayed a transient decrease subsequent to spinal axonal injury. Since spinal axonal injury induced neither trimming of the afferent inputs nor stripping of synapses by reactive glial cells, under these circumstances, the transient down-regulation of all ionotropic glutamate receptors is expected to lower the efficacy of excitatory synapses and may thus protect injured neurons from excitotoxic influences. In striking contrast to the PNS, injured neurons regained the expression of all temporally down-regulated ionotropic glutamate receptors, hence rejoined the circuitry of higher center functioning since these neurons retained their supraspinal collaterals that innervated brainstem nuclei following spinal axonal injury. In contrast to ionotropic glutamate receptors, changes in the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors were much slower. Expression of mGluR1 remained unchanged for 2 days before starting to decline progressively and remained low up to 2-year-post-injury. Contrary to this, mGluR5 was first reduced and regained normal level by day 6, and by 2 and 4-week-post-lesion it was dramatically higher than that of the control side. In our view, this long-lasting up-regulation of mGluR5, which corresponds in time to the persistent increase in the input/output relationship and the overall excitability of such injured neurons may in part account for the alteration of neuronal properties in axotomized neurons. The increase may also provide a protective effect on injured neurons since over-expression of mGluR5 has been reported to protect granule cells from cell death. Following this period of surge, the expression of mGluR5 subsided again up to 2 years following injury. Although most glutamate receptors appeared in the soma and proximal dendrites of rubrospinal neurons, a substantial amount of mGluR1 was found in the neuropil including some axon-like profiles, suggesting that many mGluR1 may be located in distal dendrites and in addition, some may be involved in the presynaptic inhibition of afferent. Since Ca2+ entered upon the activation of excitatory synapses may be critical to neuronal survival especially in the case of injury, we also examined the expression of cytosolic calcium-binding proteins (CaBPs) in these injured neurons. Both calbindin (CB) and parvalbumin (PV) were found in normal rubrospinal neurons, however they were segregated in the soma-dendritic and axonal compartments, corresponding to the receiving part and the output device of neurons respectively. This unusual compartmentalization suggests that CB and PV may have different physiological significance in neurons. This segregation was maintained although the expression of CB was transiently down-regulated in injured neurons. A transient decrease of CB may decrease the resistance of injured cells to axonal injury since they are likely to play beneficiary roles in the survival and functioning of injured neurons.
Pajerová, Nikola. "Cvičebnice Mongeova promítání." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-352699.
Full textPodlaski, Piotr. "Study of charged hadron production with tof-dE/dx identification method in central Ar+Sc collisions in NA61/SHINE experiment at CERN." Doctoral thesis, 2022. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/4103.
Full textStreszczenie Badanie produkcji naładowanych hadronów z wykorzystaniem metody identyfikacji tof-dE/dx w centralnych zderzeniach Ar+Sc w eksperymencie NA61/SHINE w CERN Niniejsza rozprawa przedstawia inkluzywne widma produkcji naładowanych hadronów: porotonów, anty-protonów, π+, π−, K+ oraz K− w10% najbardziej centralnych zderzeń 40Ar+45Sc. Dane doświadczalne dotyczące oddziaływań Ar+Sc zebrane zostały przez spektrometr NA61/SHINE działający przy akceleratorze SPS w CERN. Wyniki są przedstawione dla sześciu pędów wiązki: 13A, 19A, 30A, 40A, 75A, 150AGeV/c. Jest to pierwszy pomiar produkcji hadronówwoddziaływaniach Ar+Scwzakresie energetycznym akceleratora SPS. Identyfikacja cząstek naładowanych została przeprowadzona z wykorzystaniem metody tof − dE/dx. Metoda oparta jest na jednoczesnym pomiarze strat energii w komorach projekcji czasowej oraz czasu ich przelotu przez detektor. Dwuwymiarowe widma produkcji cząstek zostały wynznaczone w funkcji pospieszności i pędu poprzecznego. Obliczono i zastosowano poprawki na efekty związane a wydajnością detektora oraz procedury rekonstrukcji, a także na wkład od cząstek pochodzących ze słabych rozpadów.Widma pędu pop-rzecznego naładowanych kaonów w obszarze średnich pospieszności zostały sparametryzowane z wykorzystaniem Boltzmannowskiego rozkładu wykładnieczego. Parametryzacja widm umożliwiła wyznaczenie krotności naładowanych kaonów w tym przedziale posipieszności, a także pozwoliła na okreslenie wartości odwrotności parametru nachylenia widm T.Wyniki te zostały wykorzystane do badań progu na uwolnienie kwarków w oddziaływaniach jąder o średnich masach przy energiach CERN SPS. Produkcja hadronów w oddziaływaniach Ar+Sc jest częścią głownego programu doświadczalnego eksperymentu NA61/SHINE polegającego na badaniu progu na uwolnienie kwarków oraz poszukiwaniu punktu krytycznego materii oddziałującej silnie. Wyniki prezentowane w tej rozprawie zostały porównane z pomiarami produkcji hadronówwoddziaływaniach p+p, Be+Be oraz Pb+Pb uzyskanymi przez eksperymenty NA49 oraz NA61/SHINE przy akceleratorze SPSwCERN. Ponadto, wyniki zostały porównane z przewidywaniami trzech mikroskopowych modeli teoretycznych.
Gaaboub, Ibrahim Abdalla. "Neural processing of chemosensory information from the locust legs." Doctoral thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AC70-5.
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