Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Central nervous system in rats'
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Sevilla, Elenita L. "The influence of 5-HT3 receptor antagonism on aspects of CNS activity in morphine-dependent rats." Thesis, [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13019211.
Full textSilva, Kelly Regina Torres da. "Estudo da distribuição das proteínas relacionadas às teneurinas no sistema nervoso central de primatas não-humanos (Sapajus spp) e ratos (Rattus norvegicus)." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139450.
Full textResumo: As teneurinas (TENs) representam uma família de proteínas transmembrana preservada entre as espécies, presente principalmente no sistema nervoso central (SNC). Nos vertebrados essa família é composta por quatro homólogos, denominados de teneurina-1 a -4 (Ten-1, Ten-2, Ten-3 e Ten-4). Estudos mostraram a presença das TENs em vias motoras, olfatórias e visuais, especialmente durante a neurogênese em aves e roedores. A análise da distribuição neuroanatômica das TENs em primatas poderia ampliar o conhecimento destas proteínas, contribuindo com achados funcionais recentes. Portanto, os propósitos deste estudo foram: 1) avaliar a distribuição dos neurônios que exibem imunorreatividade relacionada às TENs-“like immunoreactivity” (TENs-LI), em particular Ten-2-LI, Ten-3-LI e Ten-4-LI no SNC do primata não-humano (Sapajus spp); 2) realizar análise comparativa dos sítios de distribuição da proteína Ten-3 entre o SNC de primatas (Sapajus spp) e roedores (Rattus norvegicus), uma vez que a Ten-3 apresentou distribuição significante no SNC de primatas; 3) correlacionar a distribuição das TENs com seus ligantes endógenos denominados de latrofilinas (LPHNs-1, 2 e 3) em áreas do SNC de primatas. Para isso, cortes coronais do SNC de macacos (n=3) e de ratos (n=4) foram submetidos à técnica de imuno-histoquímica e analisados em microscopia de luz ou confocal. Os resultados demonstraram a distribuição de neurônios e fibras nervosas exibindo TENs-LI em todo o neuroeixo de primatas. Neurônios e... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Teneurins (TENs) represent a transmembrane protein family preserved along animal species, mainly in the central nervous system (CNS). This protein family is constituted by four homologues, named as teneurin 1 to 4 (Ten-1, Ten-2, Ten-3 and Ten-4). Previous studies pointed out presence of TENs in motor, olfactory and visual systems in chicken and rodents, especially during neurogenesis. The neuroanatomic distribution analysis of TENs in the primate brain could provide additional information on this protein system, as well as support functional data from recent studies. Therefore, the purposes of the present study were: 1) to evaluate the distribution of neurons exhibiting TENs-like immunoreactivity (TENs-LI), in particular, Ten- 2-LI, Ten-3-LI and Ten-4-LI in the CNS of non-human primates (Sapajus spp); 2) to comparatively analyze the main brain regions exhibiting Ten-3-LI between primates (Sapajus spp) and rodents (Rattus norvegicus), since Ten-3-LI showed significant distribution in the CNS of primates; 3) To correlate TENsLI neurons with latrophilins (LPHNs-1, 2 and 3), an endogenous TENs ligand, in the CNS of primates. For this purpose, coronal histological sections of the CNS of non-human primates (n=3) and rats (n=4) were submitted to immunohistochemistry techniques and analyzed under light or confocal microscopes. Neurons and nerve fibers exhibiting TENs-LI were observed in all parts of the CNS in primates. Neurons showing Ten-2-LI were present mainly in the brainstem, s... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Hughes, Rhome. "Immunohistochemical characterization of neuronal cilia in the rat central nervous system." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3136/.
Full textMcClure-Sharp, Jilliane Mary, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor concentration and overflow in the rat central nervous system." Deakin University. School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 1998. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20060802.143911.
Full textDavies, M. "5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in the central nervous system." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382505.
Full textYick, Leung-wah. "Promotion of neuronal survival and axonal regeneration in Clarke's nucleus after spinal cord injury in adult rats /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21090099.
Full textAlrtemi, Milod M. Ahmed. "Radioprotective effects of rooibos herbal tea on the developing central nervous system of wistar rats." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6532.
Full textBackground: Early postnatal radiation exposure from environmental, diagnostic or therapeutic sources is potentially deleterious to the developing nervous system resulting in oxidative stress, structural damage, altered neurochemistry, DNA damage, inflammatory stresses as well as correlating cognitive impairment during adult life. Numerous studies in literature have investigated the radioprotective effects of medicinal plants and beverages. However, only a few studies have focused on the radioprotective effects of rooibos, an indigenous South African herbal tea, well known for its many acclaimed health benefits. Aims: This study was done to investigate the diverse radioprotective potential of fermented Rooibos herbal tea (FRHT) consumed ad libitum by pregnant rats on the adult offspring rats exposed to a once-off 6 Gy dose of gamma irradiation on postnatal day 3. Methods: Twenty-four (24) adult female rats were equally divided into four groups (6 per group) as control (NS), radiation (X), tea (RT) and their combination. On PND 30, offspring rats were subjected to neurobehavioural assessment for open field and novel object recognition parameters and later sacrificed, the brain tissues removed and processed for histological, immunohistochemical and neurochemical analyses, using standard techniques. Results: Pre-treatment with FRHT showed overall protection against radiation-induced distortions in offspring rats by significantly improving exploratory activity, the frequency of central square entry, rearing episodes, cumulative freezing time and memory retention as indicated by a relatively higher recognition index. FRHT was also found to significantly improve the antioxidant defence mechanisms in the offspring rats by reversing lowered FRAP levels, increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities and reducing lipid peroxidation. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses showed that morphological alterations were generally attenuated in the RTX group and the high number of caspase-3 and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells was significantly reduced, indicating protective effects against apoptosis and gliosis. Conclusion: Taken together, our findings tend to suggest that the potential radioprotective effects of FRHT are multimodal, possibly executed through the anti-apoptotic, antioxidative, anti-gliosis and other mechanisms, as observed in this study, and this is often attributed to the high polyphenol content in Rooibos tea.
Totola, Leonardo Tedesco. "Envolvimento da região comissural do núcleo do trato solitário nas respostas cardiovasculares e simpáticas promovidas pela injeção do anti-hipertensivo de ação central moxonidina em ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-14032014-130320/.
Full textThe main objective of this study was to evaluate whether the a2 adrenergic and imidazoline agonists, important antihypertensive drugs used in clinical medicine, may also act in the commissural region of the nucleus of the solitary tract (cNTS), which constitutes an important region of brainstem involved in cardiovascular control. In adult rats, the hypotension elicited by central injections of moxonidine was reduced after electrolytic lesion of cNTS. Furthermore, injection of moxonidine into the cNTS reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and sympathetic activity (SNA). Injection of the a2 adrenergic antagonist (RX821002 or yohimbine) into the cNTS completely blocked the hypotension and sympathoinhibition responses produced by moxonidine into the cNTS. Bilateral injection of moxonidine in the RVLM/C1 produced huge effects on MAP and SNA in comparison of cNTS injections. In agreement with our results, moxonidine-injected into the cNTS also elicited a reduction in the activity of RVLM/C1 neurons. Our conclusion is that moxonidine may produce their antihypertensive effects also acting on cNTS neurons.
Pook, P. C. K. "Ligand binding and electrophysiological studies of excitatory amino acid receptors in the rat central nervous system." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381675.
Full textHu, Ying. "Optic nerve regeneration in adult rat /." Connect to this title, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0080.
Full textGraca, D. L. "Investigation into ethidium bromide demyelination in the central nervous system." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373675.
Full textDyck, Richard Henry. "Cytochrome oxidase histopathology in the central nervous system of developing rats displaying methylmercury-induced movement and postural disorders." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27873.
Full textMedicine, Faculty of
Graduate
Czajkowski, Laura Anne. "Classical Conditioning and Immune Reactivity in Rats." DigitalCommons@USU, 1988. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5606.
Full textChou, Chiu-wen, and 周秋雯. "A study of the expression of NF-kB in central nervous system of rats with neuropathic pain." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44902542.
Full textVallejo, M. "Functional interactions between amines and peptides in the central nervous system." Thesis, Brunel University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384097.
Full textToledo, Izabela Martina Ramos Ribeiro de. "Ação central da insulina e do sistema nervoso autônomo sobre a produção hepática de glicose de ratos não anestesiados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-25072012-102910/.
Full textGlucose is considered the most important fuel for the maintenance activities of the tissues. The liver is a key organ in maintaining glucose homeostasis and for this, requires the presence of hormones such as insulin that can perform its function by acting both peripherally and centrally. In addition, studies show that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an extremely important role in glucose control. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of insulin injected into the central nervous system on hepatic glucose production (HGP), and verifies the role of ANS in the modulation of this variable in conscious rats. For this, we used an animal model of sympathetic hyperactivity (SHR) and its control (Wistar). Preceding all experiments, the animals were kept in starvation for a period of 12 h. Insulin and / or denatured insulin (control vehicle) was injected into the lateral ventricle (LV) of the brain (100hU/ml) and HGP, MAP and HR were monitored at 2, 5, 10, 20 and 30 min. In the Wistar group we observed a maximal drop in PHG 10 min after microinjection of insulin in the VL (81.4 mg / dL) compared to baseline before insulin (110mg/dl) and the control group (insulin denatured) in the same time course (117.5 mg / dL). In another experimental group we found that antagonism of peripheral muscarinic receptors (methyl-atropine 2mg/kg, iv) was able to block the fall in HGP resulting from the action of insulin at the same time course (92mg/dL to 10\' vs 88mg / dL at baseline). On the other hand, the antagonism of peripheral adrenergic receptors (Phentolamine and propranolol 3mg/kg, 0.5 mg / kg, iv, respectively) did not affect the fall of HGP after administration of insulin in the VL. In the SHR group insulin injected into the VL did not promote changes in HGP in the times studied. The MAP and HR did not change after the central injection of insulin in both strains of animals. To evaluate the role of ANS on the baseline HGP independent of central action of insulin in both strains we performed the peripheral antagonism of adrenergic and muscarinic receptors and HGP was monitored at 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min. The results showed that the adrenergic blockade reduced the HGP with a greater decrease at 40 min. both in Wistar (79 mg / dL, -25%) and in SHR (93 mg / dL, -22%) compared to baseline (Wistar: 106 mg / dL and SHR: 118 mg / dL). The blockade of peripheral muscarinic receptors did not alter the PHG in both strains. The set of results leads us to conclude that during starvation, the handle of the parasympathetic ANS is primarily responsible for the rapid drop in HGP caused by central action of insulin in Wistar. On the other hand, the autonomic sympathetic system plays a greater influence on the tonic baseline control of HGP than the parasympathetic system, independent of the central action of insulin in both SHR and Wistar.
Sreemantula, Sai Nandini. "Glutamate Transporter 1 in the Central Nervous System: Potential Target for the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1333546775.
Full textLetaif, Olavo Biraghi. "Avaliação do efeito do estrógeno na lesão medular experimental em ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-27082014-145453/.
Full textThis study aimed to evaluate the influence of estrogen treatment in rats with experimental acute spinal cord injury. The injury was produced using a computerized device for spinal cord impact, the NYU Impactor, which promoted the injury by the falling of a weight on the animal\'s spine from a 12.5 mm-height. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups of 10 animals each: Group 1, rats with spinal cord injury and undergoing estrogen therapy with 17-beta estradiol, while still anesthetized, the experimental group; Group 2, rats that underwent spinal cord injury only, the control group. Animals were observed for 42 days. The neurological recovery was verified by assessing functional motor recovery by the scale of Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) on the 2nd, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th and 42nd days after injury, and by quantifying motor evoked potential in the 42nd day. Histopathological evaluation of the area of spinal cord injury was performed after euthanasia in the 42nd day. Results of the BBB scale evaluation showed that the experimental group had significantly greater improvement compared to the other group since the 28th day until the 42nd day of observation. The results of evaluations by the evoked potential test revealed that the experimental group showed statistically significant improvement compared to the control group. The results of the histomorphometry evaluations showed better neurological recovery in the experimental group with respect to the numerical proportion and diameter of nerve fibers counted. The conclusion is that the administration of estrogen in rats with spinal cord injury showed benefits in neurological and functional motor recovery of the treated animals
Varriano, Ana Augusta. "Alterações clínicas e bioquímicas decorrentes do estresse crônico imprevisível e do estresse oxidativo em ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42136/tde-17112008-094855/.
Full textThe study of stress effects in different animal models help to clarify signalization mechanisms involved in human diseases. The present project was divided in two parts. Firstly, we investigated the effects of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) on the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and circulating corticosterone (CORT) concentrations. CUS aggravated the clinical signs of the disease in Lewis rats. However, plasma CORT during the development of clinical signs seemed to be solely dependent on the immunological challenge. Secondly, we investigated the oxidative and defense mechanisms in several CNS regions of rats submitted to an intestinal ischemia-reperfusion model. There were distinct results, as tissue analysis, in genic expression of NOS and COX, calcium-dependent nitric oxide synthase and arginase activities and TBARs content. Based on these results, we concluded that, at least during the first two hours of intestinal reperfusion, CNS lesions may be efficiently prevented by defense mechanisms able to modulate the oxidative injury.
Burton, Susan Frances. "A study of the effects of the pineal hormone, melatonin, on dopaminergic transmission in the central nervous system of rats." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001463.
Full textCoderre, Terence J. (Terence James). "Peripheral and central mechanisms of pain and hyperalgesia : effects of adrenergic and sensory neuron blockade on autotomy and pain sensitivity following injury." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72030.
Full textEllis, Rebecca Catherine. "Characterization of cathepsin b mrna and protein expression, enzymatic activity and cellular localization following contusion spinal cord injury in rats." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0007160.
Full textTypescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 97 pages. Includes Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Lewandowski, Thomas A. "Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic modeling of the effects of methyl mercury on development of the embryonic rat midbrain /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8450.
Full textKawashita, Priscila Tiemi. "O nucleo accumbens e a substancia cinzenta periaquedutal modulam de modo distinto a hiperalgesia inflamatoria cronica e aguda em ratos." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289268.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: A modulação da dor pelo sistema nervoso central (SNC) consiste na inibição ou facilitação da excitabilidade do corno dorsal da coluna espinhal. O núcleo Accumbens (Nacc) e a Substância Cinzenta Periaquedutal (PAG) são duas importantes estruturas envolvidas na modulação da dor pelo SNC. A proposta deste estudo foi investigar o papel destas estruturas na modulação da hiperalgesia inflamatória aguda e persistente, induzida pela administração de Prostaglandina E2 (PGE2) na pata de ratos. A administração local subcutânea de PGE2 induz um quadro de hiperalgesia que cede completamente em 24 horas. Entretanto, duas semanas de injeções intraplantares de PGE2 induzem uma hiperalgesia que persiste por 30 dias após cessar o tratamento. Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que a microinjeção no NAcc de lidocaína ou de cloreto de cobalto (CoCl2 ), um bloqueador de canal de Cálcio, reduziu significativamente a hiperalgesia persistente, mas não modificou a hiperalgesia mecânica aguda induzida pela PGE2 , medida tanto pelo teste de Randall-Selitto quanto pelo teste de Von Frey. Em contraste, a lidocaína ou o CoCl2 injetados na PAG não modificaram a hiperalgesia persistente, mas aumentaram a hiperalgesia aguda induzida pela PGE2 . Também demonstramos que a administração de L-Glutamato no NAcc restaurou a hiperalgesia persistente inibida pela administração local de Dipirona na pata. Estes resultados sugerem que o NAcc, mas não a PAG, está envolvido na manutenção da hiperalgesia persistente induzida pela PGE2 e pode também participar na recorrência da dor crônica de origem inflamatória
Abstract: The pain modulation by Central Nervous System (CNS) consists in inhibition or facilitation of the spinal dorsal horn excitability. The nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) are two important structures involved in the pain modulation by CNS. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of NAcc and PAG on the modulation of the acute and persistent inflammatory hyperalgesia induced by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in rat. The local subcutaneous administration of PGE2 induces hiperalgesia that is completely resolved in 24 h. However, 2 weeks of daily intraplantar treatment with PGE2 induces hyperalgesia that persists for more than 30 days after the treatment cessation. The findings of this study demonstrated that the local injection of lidocaine or CoCl2, a calcium channel blocker in the NAcc significantly reduced the persistent, but did not modify acute PGE2-induced mechanical hyperalgesia, measured by either Randall-Sellito or Von Frey tests. In contrast, lidocaine or CoCl2, injected in the PAG did not modify the persistent hyperalgesia, but increased the acute hyperalgesia induced by PGE2. We also demonstrated that the administration of L-glutamate in NAcc restored the persistent hyperalgesia inhibited by the local administration of dipyrone in the hind paw. These results suggest that NAcc, but not PAG is involved in the maintenance of the PGE2-induced persistent hyperalgesia and may also be implicated in the recurrence of chronic pain of inflammatory origin
Mestrado
Fisiologia Oral
Mestre em Odontologia
Vieira, Vinícius de Almeida. "Avaliação do comportamento de ratas Wistar tratadas durante a gravidez com Hypericum perforatum L. no período pós-natal e de seus descendentes (F1) na fase adulta." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1562.
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FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
A depressão gestacional é um assunto de grande preocupação, considerando-se os riscos de reincidência de sintomas futuros e os efeitos deletérios à saúde materna e de seus descendentes. Os antidepressivos sintéticos não diminuem a reincidência de sintomas no pós-parto, possuem muitos efeitos colaterais e não são isentos de riscos ao feto. O Hypericum perforatum L. (HP) é um fitofármaco muito utilizado no tratamento da depressão, que apresenta menos efeitos colaterais, parece não apresentar efeitos teratogênicos, e o seu uso demonstrou diminuição da recorrência futura de sintomas. Por outro lado, ainda não se sabe seus reais efeitos, quando utilizado na gravidez, no comportamento futuro da mãe e no desenvolvimento comportamental de sua prole. Portanto, este trabalho avaliou o comportamento de ratas tratadas durante a gravidez com HP no período pós-natal e de seus descendentes na fase adulta. Ratas prenhas foram divididas em três grupos tratados (T1, T2 e T3) e um grupo controle (C), que receberam, por via intragástrica e uma vez ao dia durante toda a gestação, o extrato de HP nas doses de 36, 72 e 144 mg/kg e água destilada, respectivamente. As ratas foram submetidas, com 10 e 60 dias de pós-natal, ao teste do labirinto em cruz elevado para avaliação da ansiedade e aos testes do nado forçado e suspensão da cauda para avaliação da depressão. Os seus filhotes machos foram divididos em quatro grupos, de acordo com o tratamento recebido pelas mães, e avaliados aos 90 dias de vida. Eles foram submetidos aos testes da barra giratória e do tempo de sono induzido por barbitúricos para avaliação de uma possível ação no sistema nervoso central (SNC), aos testes do labirinto em cruz elevado e da placa perfurada para avaliação da ansiedade, e aos testes do nado forçado e de suspensão da cauda para avaliação da depressão. As ratas pertencentes aos grupos T2 e T3, apresentaram um menor comportamento ansioso no teste do labirinto em cruz elevado, e um menor comportamento depressivo nos testes de suspensão da cauda e nado forçado, quando avaliadas 10 e 60 dias após o nascimento dos filhotes e suspensão do tratamento. Nos testes da barra 8 giratória e do tempo de sono induzido por barbitúricos, os descendentes das ratas dos grupos T2 e T3 apresentaram um desempenho sugestivo de ação do HP no SNC, quando comparados aos descendentes das ratas do grupo controle. Nos testes da placa perfurada e do labirinto em cruz elevado e nos testes de suspensão da cauda e do nado forçado, os animais destes mesmos grupos apresentaram um comportamento menos ansioso e depressivo, respectivamente. Portanto, o uso de HP na gestação diminuiu o comportamento depressivo e de ansiedade de ratas Wistar no período pós-natal e também de seus descendentes (F1) quando alcançam a fase adulta.
Gestational depression is a subject of great concern, considering the risks for the recurrence of symptoms and its harmful effects to the mother's and offspring's health. Synthetic antidepressants do not decrease the recurrence of symptoms in the postpartum period, present many side effects, and are not exempt of risks to the fetus. Hypericum perforatum (HP) is a phytopharmacon largely used in the treatment of depression, presents less side effects, does not seem to present teratogenic effects, and its use showed a decrease in the future recurrence of symptoms. On the other hand, its real effects in the future behavior of the mother and in the behavioral development of her offspring when used during pregnancy is not yet known. Therefore, this study evaluated the behavior of rats treated with HP during pregnancy in the postnatal period and of their offspring in their adult phase. Pregnant rats were divided into three treated groups (T1, T2 and T3) and a control group (C) that received, intragastrically, once a day, during the gestational period, HP extract in doses of 36, 72 and 144 mg/kg respectively and distilled water. At ten and 60 days of postnatal life, the rats were submitted to the elevated cross maze test for evaluation of anxiety and to the forced swim and tail suspension tests for evaluation of depression. Their male offspring were divided into four groups, according to the treatment received by the mothers, and evaluated at 90 days of age. They were submitted to the rotarod and barbiturate sleep-induced tests for evaluation of a possible action on the central nervous system (CNS), to the elevated cross maze and hole-board tests for evaluation of anxiety, and to the forced swim and tail suspension tests for evaluation of depression. The rats from groups T2 and T3 displayed less anxious behavior in the elevated cross maze test, and less depressive behavior in the tail suspension and forced swim tests when evaluated 10 and 60 days after the parturition of their offspring and discontinuation of treatment. In the rotarod and barbiturate sleep-induced tests, the offspring of the rats from groups T2 and T3 presented a suggestive performance of the HP action in the CNS, when compared with the offspring of 10 the rats from the control group. In the hole-board and elevated cross maze tests, as well as in the tail suspension and forced swim tests, the animals of these groups displayed less anxious and depressive behavior, respectively. Therefore, the use of HP during pregnancy reduced the depressive and anxiety behavior in Wistar rats in the postnatal period and also in their offspring (F1) when they reached their adult phase.
Sherman, John Mark. "The GABAa receptor in the central nervous system of a rat model of epilepsy." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798322/.
Full textVendrame, Rafaela Fadoni Alponti. "Aminopeptidase neutra, dipeptidil peptidase IV, CD13, CD26 e Fos no hipotálamo e hipocampo de ratos com obesidade induzida por glutamato monossódico e privados de alimento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-20032009-122119/.
Full textAlterations of peptidase activity levels in the central nervous system (CNS) in drug addicts, abstinent opioid-dependent, diabetic and subjects with disrupted hydrosaline equilibrium, have been arousing findings in the context of current knowledge about regulatory mechanisms of food intake and energy balance. In this sense, the involvement of leptin, ghrelin, insulin and other peptides in the CNS, including incretins, neuropeptide Y, peptide YY, proopiomelanocortins (melanocortins and _-endorphin), somatostatin and vasopressin, which are susceptible to hydrolysis by aminopeptidases (APs), mainly in the hypothalamus and hippocampus, are particularly interesting. The present work evaluated if aminopeptidase activities involved in the hydrolysis of these peptides, i.e. neutral AP (APN) (sensitive- or insensitive-puromycin AP, PSA or APM/CD13, respectively) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV/CD26) (sensitive- or insensitive-diprotin dipeptidyl peptidase, DPPIV-DS or DPPIVDI, respectively), are associated with monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced obesity and food deprivation. It was analysed the gene and protein expressions of CD13 and CD26, catalytic activities of PSA, APM, DPPIV-DS and DPPIV-DI in soluble and membrane-bound fractions, cellular activation (Fos immunoreactivity) and regional immunohistochemistry distribution of CD13 and CD26, in hypothalamus and hippocampus, and inter-relations among these peptidase activities, body mass, Lee index, mass of epidydimal and retroperitoneal fat pad, naso-anal length and glycemia in normal and obese MSG rats under normal or deprived feeding regimens. Relative to control, MSG presented: (i) increased retroperitoneal mass, Lee index, CD13 protein expression in membrane-bound fraction of hippocampus, CD26 polyclonal protein expression in membrane-bound fraction of hypothalamus, DPPIV-DI activity and CD26 monoclonal protein expression in membranebound fraction of hippocampus; and (ii) reduction of body mass, naso-anal length, CD13 gene expression, CD13 protein expression in membrane-bound fraction, CD26 polyclonal protein expression in soluble and membrane-bound fraction, PSA activity in soluble fraction and DPPIV-DI activity in soluble and membrane-bound fractions of hypothalamus, and DPPIVDS in membrane-bound fraction of hippocampus. Food deprivation also influenced some of these parameters. The correlations between biometric parameters confirmed the characteristics of this obesity model and further suggested that disability and overload on the uptake of glucose, respectively by the epididymal and retroperitoneal fat, could be linked to the development of diabetes mellitus type 2 in obese MSG. CD13 protein identity with APM peptidase activity was confirmed. DPPIV-DI was identified as the canonical CD26 protein. In general, the present work revealed the involvement of PSA, DPPIV-DI and DS hypothalamic activities (but not the APM) and the CD13 and CD26 proteins, in endocrine regulation of energy balance (probably through action on neuropeptide Y, somatostatin and opioids). In the hippocampus, the patterns of these changes were consistent with deleterious effects on memory, learning (PSA and APM) and emotional behavior (DPPIV-DI and DS). CD13 and CD26 presented wide distribution in hypothalamus, which, in normal conditions, is coincident with Fos immunoreactivity in the supraoptic, periventricular, retrochiasmatic and arcuate nuclei. In these areas, related to the control of energy balance, densitometric changes of CD13, CD26 and Fos immunoreactivity occurred according to the obesity MSG and/or food deprivation. Briefly, proteins presenting neutral aminopeptidase or dipeptidyl peptidase IV 11 activities and/or CD13 or CD26 homologous are physiopathological factors and potential pharmacological targets of energetic metabolism disturbances.
易亮華 and Leung-wah Yick. "Promotion of neuronal survival and axonal regeneration in Clarke's nucleus after spinal cord injury in adult rats." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31239651.
Full textMelloni, Richard H. "Dynamics of Neuron-Specific Gene Expression During Development and in Response to Selective Lesions of the Rat Central Nervous System: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 1993. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/204.
Full textRodella, Patricia. "Efeitos da administração de taurina na função cardiovascular e na neurogênese hipocampal de ratos submetidos ao consumo induzido de etanol /." Araraquara, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151134.
Full textCoorientador: Carlos Cesar Crestani
Banca: Silvia Honda Takada
Banca: Ellen Cristini de Freitas
Banca: Priscila Longhin Bosquesi de Oliveira
Banca: Eduardo Rene Perez Gonzales
Resumo: O consumo excessivo de etanol está relacionado a diminuição da neurogênese hipocampal e a diversas patologias cardiovasculares, como a hipertensão. A taurina é um aminoácido não-essencial encontrado principalmente em estruturas cujos tecidos são mais excitáveis, como músculo esquelético, tecido cardíaco, vasos sanguíneos e sistema nervoso central. Níveis normais deste nutriente são essenciais para o correto funcionamento do organismo e sua depleção pode precipitar diversos quadros patológicos. A taurina tem apresentado resultados promissores tanto no sistema cardiovascular quanto no sistema nervoso central. Desta maneira, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar os efeitos da taurina na função cardiovascular bem como na neurogênese hipocampal de ratos submetidos ao modelo de consumo forçado de etanol. Dessa forma, ratos Wistar de aproximadamente 250 gramas receberam soluções crescentes de etanol (5% na primeira semana, 10% na segunda semana e 20% na terceira e quarta semana), sem a oferta de água; o grupo controle recebeu apenas água. A taurina foi administrada (i.p., 300 mg/kg) diariamente durante 28 dias e os animais do grupo controle receberam injeção apenas do veículo. O presente trabalho foi dividido em dois experimentos. No primeiro, a taurina foi administrada juntamente com a oferta de etanol. Já o segundo experimento, os animais foram expostos ao etanol e depois, receberam a taurina. Os resultados do Experimento 1 não mostraram alterações significativas na função cardiov... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Excessive ethanol consumption is related with decrease in hippocampal neurogenesis and various cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension. Taurine is a non-essential amino acid and is found primarily in structures which are more excitable tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart tissue, blood vessels and central nervous system. Normal levels of this compound are essential for the correct functioning of the body and its depletion may precipitate various pathological conditions. Among the various compounds studied to reverse or protect against the effects of ethanol, taurine have shown promising results both in the cardiovascular system and the central nervous system. Thus, the objectives of this study was to investigate the effects of taurine on cardiovascular function and hippocampal neurogenesis in rats submitted to the model of forced consumption of ethanol. Wistar rats of 250g of body weight received ethanol solution (5% in the first week, 10% in the second week and 20% in the third and fourth week) without the offer of water. Taurine was administered (i.p., 300 mg / kg) daily for 28 days. This study was divided into two experiments. In the first one, to analyze the protective effects of taurine on the cardiovascular system and hippocampal neurogenesis against the effects of ethanol consumption, taurine was administered along with the ethanol consumption model. In the second experiment, to analyze the effects of taurine in reversing the effects of ethanol consumption, the animals were exposed to the ethanol consumption model and then received taurine. The results of Experiment 1 showed no significant changes in cardiovascular function... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Filho, Paulo Roberto Maciel. "Estudo da expressão do gene SAH e do gene codificador da proteína ATRAP em áreas do sistema nervoso central e sua relação com a gênese da hipertensão essencial verificada em ratos SHR." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41135/tde-08122010-165155/.
Full textEssential hypertension is a disease that affects nearly 20% of the adult population, reaching 50% of the elder, and the mechanisms of its genesis are not yet completely know. This work aim to investigate two genes related to the renal mechanisms of blood pressure in three areas of central nervous system (dorsal bulb, ventrolateral bulb and hypothalamus) by means of real time PCR, in order to valuate their possible involvement in the central mechanisms of blood pressure control. One of them is the SAH gene, whose role remains to be clarified. It has higher transcription rates in hypertensive rats (SHR) than in the correspondent normotensives WKY. The other gene codifies the angiotensin II type 1 receptor associated protein (ATRAP) inducing its internalization. Thus, besides the transcriptional differences of the ATRAP protein between SHR and WKY rats, the ATRAP codifying gene is linked to blood pressure control played by means rennin-angiotensin system through AT1 receptors. Our results provide evidence for the first time, on the expression of both genes in areas of the nervous system involved with the central blood pressure regulation. It was not possible to establish a relationship between the SAH gene expression and the development of hypertension in the SHR rat. The expression of the ATRAP codifying gene was increased in the SHR between 1 and 2 months of age, which is an important period for hypertension development in this strain. Thus, this study shows the expression of SAH gene and ATRAP codifying gene in areas of nervous system of SHR and WKY important for the central regulation of blood pressure.
Barros, Alderico Girão Campos de. "Avaliação do efeito da interleucina-6 e da eritropoetina na lesão medular em ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-15032018-093626/.
Full textIntroduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and erythropoietin (EPO) in experimental acute spinal cord injury in rats. Methods: The injury was induced by a standardized equipment for spinal cord contusion injury, the NYU Impactor, which produced the lesion by means of a 10g weight drop on the animals\' spinal cord from a 12.5-mm height. Fifty Wistar rats were divided in five groups of ten animals: Group 1 rats treated with EPO; Group 2 animals treated with EPO and IL-6; Group 3, IL-6 administration; Group 4, placebo solution; Group 5, sham procedure (only laminectomy, without spinal cord injury). All drugs and placebo solution were administered intraperitoneally for three weeks. The animals were followed up for 42 days. The functional motor recovery was monitored by the scale of Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) on days 2, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42. Evoked potential tests were performed on the 42nd day. Qualitative and quantitative histological analysis were performed after euthanasia. Results: The group receiving EPO demonstrated superior functional motor results in the BBB scale. IL-6 administration alone did not show benefits over the placebo group solution and the IL-6 combination with EPO showed results lower than those seen in the group that received only EPO. Conclusion: We conclude that using EPO after acute spinal cord injury in rats showed benefits in motor recovery. The association of EPO and IL-6 showed benefits, but with inferior results to the isolated EPO. Isolated use of IL-6 showed no benefit after experimental spinal cord injury in rats
Osburn, James Roy. "Importance of the kappa opoid system for ultrasonic vocalizations of young rats: Role of peripherally-versus centrally-located kappa opioid receptors." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3378.
Full textSonne, James H. "EFFECTS OF INTRANASALLY ADMINISTERED DNSP-11 ON THE CENTRAL DOPAMINE SYSTEM OF NORMAL AND PARKINSONIAN FISCHER 344 RATS." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/neurobio_etds/5.
Full textMalta, Marília Brinati. "Efeitos adaptativos induzidos pelo estresse crônico imprevisível nos receptores do fator liberador de corticotrofina tipo 2 e de glicocorticóides no sistema nervoso central de ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42136/tde-13112012-120030/.
Full textWhile acute stress initiates neuronal responses that prepare an organism to adapt to challenges, chronic stress may lead to maladaptative responses that could result in diseases. Evidence suggests the involvement of CRF system and high corticosterone levels in stress-related psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and major depressive disorders. The aim of this work was to investigate whether chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) could modulate de CRF system, GR expression in the CNS and behavior in male rats. Results showed an increase in corticosterone plasmatic levels, CRF2 mRNA and GR expression in specific regions of the CNS (LSi e VmH e LSi, CeA, BST e PVH, respectively), associated with the limbic system at 24 h after the last stress session. The chronic treatment with an inhibitor of GCs synthesis (metyrapone) and adrenergic receptor antagonists (atenolol and phentolamine) prevented the CUS effects in CRF2 mRNA levels and GR expression. No anxiety or depression-like behavior was observed in rats submitted to CUS. We conclude that CUS cause biochemical alterations since the increase CRF2 mRNA levels and GR expression in limbic region, but these changes were not able to cause behavioral changes.
Magalhães, Julia Zaccarelli. "Exposição prolongada de ratos a vareniclina: avaliação comportamental, níveis de neurotransmissores cerebrais e estudo bioquímico e anatomopatológico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10133/tde-20032017-141445/.
Full textVarenicline is a synthetic chemical used for the smoking addiction treatment; it acts as an agonist of nicotinic cholinergic receptors, in particular, as a partial agonist of receptors α4β2 and α3β4 and as a full agonist of the α7 receptor. More studies about this substance are necessary, given that its clinical use is increasingly being applied to the treatment of addiction to a variety of abusive drugs. Moreover, there are few studies on vareniciline effects on behavior, cognition and the motor system. Thus, in this study the effects of prolonged (28-30 days) exposure of rats to varenicline were evaluated. It was analyzed the water and food consumption, the weight gain and the animal behavior, through open field, elevated plus maze, social interaction, stereotyped behavior, Barnes maze and passive avoidance tests. The neurotransmitter levels and their metabolites in different brain structures were measured and hematological, serum biochemistry, urinary evaluations and pathological and histological studies were carried out. We used three doses of varenicline: 0.03 (therapeutic dose for humans), 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg orally (gavage). The results showed that prolonged exposure of rats to different doses of varenicline did not cause toxicity, since there were no changes in average weekly consumption of water or food nor body weight gain, which were measured weekly. As for behavioral assessments, there was a slight increase in overall activity in the open field as well as decreased time of social interaction. Varenicline was not able to change neurochemical, hematological, serum biochemical, urinary, pathology and histopathology parameters of rats.
Nascimento, Alessandro. "Effets de l'inhibition du système sympathique central sur les paramètres métaboliques et microcirculatoires chez les rats obèses avec syndrome métabolique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ120/document.
Full textCardiovascular and metabolic risk factors that characterize the metabolic syndrome (MS), including high blood pressure, obesity and glucose intolerance, are accompanied by sympathetic hyperactivity. In this study, we investigated the effects of a chronic oral antihypertensive treatment using centrally-acting sympatho-inhibitory drugs on the metabolic and microvascular parameters in rats under long-term high-fat diet with salt supplementation. For that, fifty male adult Wistar rats were maintained under normal or high-fat diet during 20 weeks. The HFD group received oral clonidine, rilmenidine, LNP 599 or vehicle. Functional microcirculation was evaluated by intravital videomicroscopy and the structural was studied using histochemical analysis. We concluded that the modulation of sympathetic activity reverses the capillary rarefaction in the skeletal muscle and left ventricle in an experimental model of MS in rats
Edwards, Jeffrey Earl. "THE TRANSPORT AND MODULATION OF HIV PROTEASE INHIBITORS INTO THE RAT CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND MILK." UKnowledge, 2004. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/468.
Full textNiemelä, R. (Raija). "Imaging of salivary glands and assessment of autonomic nervous system function in primary Sjögren's syndrome." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2004. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514272757.
Full textDay, Brian Keith. "MICROELECTRODE ARRAY STUDIES OF NORMAL AND DISEASE-ALTERED L-GLUTAMATE REGULATION IN THE MAMMALIAN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM." UKnowledge, 2005. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/235.
Full textJansson, Björn. "Models for the Transfer of Drugs from the Nasal Cavity to the Central Nervous System." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Pharmacy, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3905.
Full textThe blood-brain barrier restricts the access of many compounds, including therapeutic agents, to the brain. Several human studies indicate that nasal administration of hydrophilic compounds, such as peptides, can bypass the blood-brain barrier. The aims of this thesis were to develop and refine models for this direct nose-to-brain transfer.
In a mouse model, [3H]-dopamine was given as a unilateral nasal dose. The resulting radioactivity in the ipsilateral olfactory bulb was significantly higher than that in the contralateral bulb and peaked at 4 h. Tape section autoradiography showed that the radioactivity was concentrated in the olfactory nerve layer and the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb. The olfactory transfer of dopamine was also studied in vitro. At a lower donor concentration, the mucosal-to-serosal dopamine permeability was higher than the serosal-to-mucosal permeability, but at a higher concentration, the permeability coefficients were similar. Together, these results suggest that the olfactory transfer of dopamine has an active component.
Olfactory transfer of fluorescein-labeled dextran through the epithelium and deeper tissues was studied in a rat model, which enabled visualization of the transfer using fluorescence microscopy. Although the epithelial transfer appeared to be mainly intracellular, transfer in the following deeper tissues was extracellular. Without altering the route of uptake, a gellan gum formulation enhanced the uptake of fluorescein dextran. The enhancing effect was considered likely to be the result of an increased residence time in the nasal cavity.
In conclusion, dopamine and fluorescein-labeled dextran were identified as suitable model compounds for the study of olfactory drug transfer mechanisms and the influence of drug formulation. Two new in vitro models of olfactory transfer were compared. Also, a rat model, which enabled the visualization of the entire nose-to-brain transfer, was developed.
Field, Evelyn F., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Sex differences in movement organization II : the organization of sex differences in movement during food protection, contact righting, skilled reaching and vertical exploration in the rat : the role of gonadal steroids, body morphology, and the central nervous system." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2006, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/14.
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Cassolla, Priscila. "Importância do tecido adiposo marrom na ativação da termogênese induzida pela injeção central do C75, um inibidor da ácido graxo sintase." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17134/tde-24092012-155205/.
Full textC75, a synthetic inhibitor of fatty acid synthase, causes anorexia and weight loss in rodents, but the underlying mechanisms are not totally known. Thus, the hypothesis tested in this work was that brown adipose tissue (BAT), an organ with important role for control of thermogenesis, could be involved in the anti-obesity effects of fatty acid synthase inhibitors. To address this issue, Wistar rats were submitted to cannula implant into right lateral ventricle and following, or not, by surgical sympathetic denervation of BAT. Seven days later, C75 (150g/7.5L), cerulenin, a natural fatty acid synthase inhibitor, (150 g/7.5 L) or RPMI (vehicle) was administered in 24h-fasted animals. It was demonstrated that a single intracerebroventricular injection of C75 decreased the food intake on the first day, and induced weight loss for two days. Furthermore, telemetry analyzes shown that the C75 induced a rapid increase in core body temperature, a higher heat storage rate from 30 minutes until 6 hours of injection, and an increase in heat dissipation for 4 hours. The BAT denervation attenuated the thermoregulatory effects of C75 as well as its effect on body weight and food intake. In parallel, C75 induced an increase in BAT temperature (up to 8 hours of the injection), higher content of norepinephrine, and an increase in the activity of cytochrome c oxidase and mRNA expression of UCP-1 in the tissue. All these effects were abolished by sympathetic denervation. Like C75, the central administration of cerulenin also induced an increase in the BAT and core body temperature, which was also abolished by BAT denervation. The spontaneous locomotor activity was not altered by any fatty acid synthase inhibitor. The immunohistochemistry for c-Fos revealed that the C75 increased numbers of Fos-immunoreactive cells in preoptica area, paraventricular nucleus, dorsomedial hypothalamus, ventromedial hypothalamus, locus coeruleus and raphe pallidus, regions which are involved in the central thermoregulation. These data implicate a role for BAT in the fatty acid synthase inhibitors-evoked increase in body temperature and provide new mechanisms to explain hypophagia and increased energy expenditure observed with the administration of these compounds.
Oliveira, Larissa Resende. "Disfunção autonômica cardíaca e expressão de FOS em núcleos do bulbo após indução de dor crônica difusa não-inflamatória em ratos." Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, 2013. http://ri.ufs.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3970.
Full textA fibromialgia (FM) é caracterizada por dor muscular crônica difusa não-inflamatória (DMCD) e mudanças na função simpática. No intuito de elucidar os mecanismos fisiopatológicos da FM, foi utilizado um modelo animal de dor crônica difusa bem estabelecido na literatura. Desta forma, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a modulação autonômica cardíaca e a função do barorreflexo, em resposta à indução de dor muscular crônica difusa em ratos. Para tanto, foram utilizados 30 ratos Wistar machos (250 a 350g) com 2 a 3 meses. A DMCD foi induzida por duas injeções de solução salina ácida (pH 4,0, n=16) com cinco dias de intervalo, no músculo gastrocnêmio esquerdo, enquanto que os animais controle foram injetados duas vezes com solução salina neutra (pH 7,2, n=14). Para avaliar as alterações nas respostas cardiovasculares, um dia após a segunda injeção de solução salina ácida (n=8) ou salina neutra (n=6) os animais foram instrumentados para gravações da pressão arterial, e posterior análise da variabilidade do intervalo de pulso (IP) e da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), como também da sensibilidade espontânea do barorreflexo (SBR) foi realizada. Para avaliar a ativação de neurônios em núcleos do Bulbo envolvidos com a modulação autonômica cardíaca (NTS, RVL e CVL), dois dias após a segunda injeção de salina ácida (n = 8) ou de solução salina normal (n=8), os animais foram anestesiados, perfundidos, o cérebro removido e cortado num criostato. As secções do cérebro foram submetidas ao protocolo de imunofluorescência para a proteína Fos. Os resultados são expressos como média ± EPM. Diferenças entre os grupos foram analisados pelo teste t, pareado e não-pareado. Valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. Após a indução de dor crônica difusa nos ratos (n=8), as variações do intervalo de pulso apresentaram maior oscilação em baixa frequência (LF) (12,75±1,04 un), menor oscilação em alta frequência (HF) (87,25±1,04 un) e maior valor da relação LF/HF (0,16±0,01), quando comparadas ao grupo controle (n=6) (7,83±1,13 un LF; 92,16±1,13 nu HF; 0,08±0,01 LF/HF). Em adição, houve maior oscilação em LF da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) (7,93±1,39 mmHg), comparado ao grupo controle (2,97±0,61 mmHg). A sensibilidade espontânea do barorreflexo foi menor nos ratos injetados com salina ácida (0,59±0,06 ms/mmHg) quando comparada ao grupo controle (0,71±0,03 ms/mmHg). Através da imunofluorescência, observou-se que em todas as regiões investigadas a porcentagem de células imunorreativas à Fos foi significativamente maior (p<0,001) no grupo salina ácida, em comparação ao grupo salina neutra. Nossos resultados mostraram que a indução da DCMD em ratos desloca o balanço simpatovagal cardíaco em direção a uma predominância simpática e diminui SBR, dados que corroboram achados em seres humanos com FM, e ainda, que a ativação de neurônios do NTS, CVL e RVL parece indicar o envolvimento dessas áreas na modulação da disfunção autonômica cardíaca.
Xu, Kui. "The Central Nervous System Aspects of Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation in a Rat Model of Global Ischemia." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1270689501.
Full textNewell, Miranda E. "The connection between emotion, brain lateralization, and heart-rate variability /." Download the thesis in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Newell2005.pdf.
Full textCoutinho, Pedro Ricardo de Mesquita. "Avaliação do efeito do tacrolimo e da eritropoetina na lesão medular experimental em ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-08122015-095337/.
Full textThe pharmacological effects of erythropoietin (EPO) and tacrolimus (FK 506) have been investigated in the treatment of spinal cord injuries, but there are few studies that evaluate the interaction between these drugs. In this experimental study, 60 Wistar rats were submitted to contusion spinal cord injury produced by the NYU Impactor system. The animals were divided into five groups: Control, which received saline only; EPO, which received erythropoietin; EPO + FK 506, which received EPO associated with tacrolimus; and the group FK 506, which received tacrolimus. All drugs and saline were administered intraperitoneally. The Sham group underwent spinal cord injury, but did not receive any drug. The animals were evaluated for recovery of locomotor function in seven different times by the BBB test, in the 2nd, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th and 42nd days after spinal cord injury. In 42 days, electrophysiological evaluation was performed, and the animals were, shortly after, sacrificed for histological analysis of the injured spinal cord. Our experimental study did not reveal significant differences in the recovery of locomotor function, nor in the histological and electrophysiological analysis in animals treated with erythropoietin and tacrolimus after thoracic spinal cord injury
Levine, Richard. "Evaluation of the Brainstem Spinal Cord Preparation in the Neonatal Rat as a Model for Prenatal Nicotine Exposure." The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623649.
Full textSpecific Aims: The goal of this project was to evaluate the use of a preparation of the brainstem and spinal cord of neonatal rats that has been widely used for observing and quantifying central nervous activity, as well as the response to pharmacological manipulation. To achieve this, we specifically aimed to remove the intact brainstem and spinal cord of newborn rats, and develop a preparation that would maintain physiological function and allow for recording of electrical activity. Methods: Multiple dissections were performed on neonatal rats. Conditions during the dissections were controlled to maintain physiological function. Once removed, the intact brainstem and spinal cord was placed in a preparation that allowed for manipulation and access to nerve rootlets. Finally, glass suction electrodes were used to record electrical activity directly from the nerve rootlets. Once recorded, the data were stored on a hard drive for further analysis. Main Results: We were successful in isolating the intact brainstem and spinal cord in neonatal rats while maintaining physiological conditions and nervous activity. The preparation allowed for easy access to nerve roots as well as customization for different experiments. We were also successful in recording nerve activity in the preparation and collection of data for use in future experiments Conclusions: We conclude that the brainstem spinal cord preparation described in this study is a valuable tool that allows for recording and analysis of nerve activity, and specifically for measurement of respiratory motor output. This is a preparation that can be used in a variety of experiments that attempt to observe or quantify the activity of central nerve cells and allows for pharmacological interventions that could be applied in various experiments.
Hu, Ying. "Optic nerve regeneration in adult rat." University of Western Australia. School of Anatomy and Human Biology, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0080.
Full textBrown, Russell W., Marla K. Perna, Daniel M. Noel, Jamie D. Whittemore, Julia Lehmann, and Meredith L. Smith. "Amphetamine Locomotor Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Adolescent Male and Female Rats Neonatally Treated with Quinpirole." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6341.
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