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Journal articles on the topic "Central Maine Belt"
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Seaman, S. J., R. Hon, M. Whitman, R. A. Wobus, J. P. Hogan, M. Chapman, G. C. Koteas, D. Rankin, A. Piñán-Llamas, and J. C. Hepburn. "Late Paleozoic supervolcano-scale eruptions in Maine, USA." GSA Bulletin 131, no. 11-12 (April 25, 2019): 1995–2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b32058.1.
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Abstract Contemporaneous mafic and felsic magmatism occurs in a variety of tectonic settings where continental crust is invaded by mantle-derived basaltic melt. Bimodal magmatism, including supervolcano-scale eruptions, occurred in both the Coastal Maine magmatic province and the Central Maine magmatic belt during two phases of accretion of Avalonia to the margin of North America in the Late Silurian and Early Devonian. The magmatic complexes of both coastal and central Maine provide an opportunity to examine the storage and eruption settings of basaltic and rhyolitic magma from the base of plutons through the top of their volcanic successions. The coastal and central Maine magmatic provinces represent the southwesternmost part of a >70,000 km2 bimodal igneous province that includes volcanic and plutonic rocks that extend into the Gaspé Peninsula of Quebec, Canada. Taken together, these magmatic belts embody a large igneous province–scale locus of igneous activity. Four complexes in Maine are part of the Coastal Maine magmatic province and erupted between ca. 424 and 420 Ma, producing volcanic successions up to 3 km thick. The fifth large silicic eruptive complex examined here, the Katahdin/Traveler complex of central Maine, is part of the Central Maine magmatic belt, and it produced the ca. 407 Ma Traveler rhyolite, of which ∼3200-m-thick sections are preserved. The three coastal Maine magmatic complexes for which an arguably clear genetic relationship exists between pluton and volcanic succession are smaller than the Katahdin/Traveler system (on the basis of area of the remnant magma chamber of Mount Desert Island [∼500 km2] compared to that of the Katahdin batholith [∼1350 km2]), but they produced volcanic successions from 0.65 (Vinalhaven) to at least 2.2 km (Mount Desert/Cranberry Isles and Isle au Haut) thick. Single ignimbrite thicknesses in these complexes range from 350 m to 860 m. The remaining coastal Maine magmatic complex discussed here, the Eastport series, differs from the other four in that the pluton(s) from which the ∼2.4-km-thick succession originated has (have) not been identified. A detailed integration of gravity and magnetic data indicates that strong positive magnetic anomalies and weaker gravity anomalies support a model of thin felsic igneous rocks underlain by a significant volume of mafic to ultramafic rocks. The dominance of gabbro in the coastal Maine crustal column suggests that crustal extension and intrusion of mantle-derived basalt drove the development of bimodal magmatic complexes. The gabbro:granite ratio in the subsurface of the Coastal Maine magmatic province, and the presence of hornblende, rather than pyroxene, as the main ferromagnesian mineral in the gabbros of the province are consistent with a model of flux of hydrous basalt into the crust of ∼10–2 m3/m2/yr, leading to a ratio of crustal melt to mantle-derived basaltic melt of ∼1:0.25, if the invading basaltic melt was wet (∼5.6 wt% water). The absence of andesites in this setting is likely a consequence of the subduction-related origin of the hydrous basalts, resulting in the generation of dacitic rather than andesitic melts in lower-crustal mush zones, and the eventual extraction of interstitial melts from those dacitic melts in the upper crust to produce the granites and rhyolites that dominate the igneous rocks at the present surface in coastal and central Maine.
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WEST, DAVID P., RAYMOND A. COISH, and PAUL B. TOMASCAK. "Tectonic setting and regional correlation of Ordovician metavolcanic rocks of the Casco Bay Group, Maine: evidence from trace element and isotope geochemistry." Geological Magazine 141, no. 2 (March 2004): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756803008562.
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Ordovician metamorphic rocks of the Casco Bay Group are exposed in an approximately 170 km long NE-trending belt (Liberty-Orrington belt) in southern and south-central Maine. Geochemical analysis of rocks within the Spring Point Formation (469±3 Ma) of the Casco Bay Group indicate that it is an assemblage of metamorphosed bimodal volcanic rocks. The mafic rocks (originally basalts) have trace element and Nd isotopic characteristics consistent with derivation from a mantle source enriched by a crustal and/or subduction component. The felsic rocks (originally rhyolites and dacites) were likely generated through partial melting of continental crust in response to intrusion of the mafic magma. Relatively low initial εNd values for both the mafic (−1.3 to +0.6) and felsic (−4.1 to −3.8) rocks suggest interactions with Gander zone continental crust and support a correlation between the Casco Bay Group and the Bathurst Supergroup in the Miramichi belt of New Brunswick. This correlation suggests that elements of the Early to Middle Ordovician Tetagouche-Exploits back-arc basin can be traced well into southern Maine. A possible tectonic model for the evolution of the Casco Bay Group involves the initiation of arc volcanism in Early Ordovician time along the Gander continental margin on the eastern side of the Iapetus Ocean basin. Slab rollback and trenchward migration of arc magmatism initiated crustal thinning and rifting of the volcanic arc around 470 Ma and resulted in the eruption of the Spring Point volcanic rocks in a back-arc tectonic setting.
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West Jr., David P., Heather M. Beal, and Timothy W. Grover. "Silurian deformation and metamorphism of Ordovician arc rocks of the Casco Bay Group, south-central Maine." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40, no. 6 (June 1, 2003): 887–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e03-021.
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The Casco Bay Group in south-central Maine consists of a sequence of Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician interlayered quartzofeldspathic granofels and pelite (Cape Elizabeth Formation) overlain by Early to Late Ordovician back-arc volcanic (Spring Point Formation) and volcanogenic sedimentary rocks (Diamond Island and Scarboro formations). These rocks were tightly folded and subjected to low-pressure amphibolite-facies metamorphism in the Late Silurian. This phase of deformation and metamorphism was followed by the development of a variety of structures consistent with a period of dextral transpression in Middle Devonian Early Carboniferous time. Previously dated plutons within the sequence range in age from 422389 Ma and record a period of prolonged intrusive activity in the region. Similarities in age, volcanic rock geochemistry, and lithologic characteristics argue strongly for a correlation between rocks of the Casco Bay Group and those in the Miramichi belt of eastern Maine and northern New Brunswick. The Cape Elizabeth Formation correlates with Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician sediments of the Miramichi Group (Gander Zone) and the Spring Point through Scarboro formations correlate with Early to Late Ordovician back-arc basin volcanics and volcanogenic sediments of the Bathurst Supergroup. The folding and low-pressure metamorphism of the Casco Bay Group is attributed to Late Silurian to Early Devonian terrane convergence and possible lithospheric delamination that would have resulted in a prolonged period of intrusive activity and elevated temperatures at low pressures. Continued convergence and likely plate reconfigurations in the Middle Devonian to Carboniferous led to widespread dextral transpression in the region.
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Hepburn, J. Christopher, Yvette D. Kuiper, Kristin J. McClary, MaryEllen L. Loan, Michael Tubrett, and Robert Buchwaldt. "Detrital zircon ages and the origins of the Nashoba terrane and Merrimack belt in southeastern New England, USA." Atlantic Geology 57 (November 30, 2021): 343–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2021.016.
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The fault-bounded Nashoba–Putnam terrane, a metamorphosed early Paleozoic, Ganderian arc/back-arc complex in SE New England, lies between rocks of Avalonian affinity to the southeast and middle Paleozoic sedimentary rocks, interpreted as cover on Ganderian basement, in the Merrimack belt to the northwest. U–Pb detrital zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis were conduced on six samples from the Nashoba terrane in Massachusetts and seven samples associated with the Merrimack belt in Massachusetts and SE New Hampshire to investigate their depositional ages and provenance. Samples from the Nashoba terrane yielded major age populations between ~560 and ~540 Ma, consistent with input from local sources formed during the Ediacaran–Cambrian Penobscot orogenic cycle and its basement rocks. Youngest detrital zircons in the terrane, however, are as young as the Early to Middle Ordovician. Six formations from the Merrimack belt were deposited between ~435 and 420 Ma based on youngest zircon age populations and crosscutting plutons, and yielded large ~470–443 Ma age populations. Three of these formations show only Gondwanan provenance. Three others have a mixed Gondwanan-Laurentian signal, which is known to be typical for younger and/or more westerly sedimentary rocks and may indicate that they are the youngest deposits in the Merrimack belt (late Silurian to early Devonian) and/or have been deposited in the equivalent of the more westerly Central Maine basin. Detrital zircon age populations from the Tower Hill Formation, along the faulted contact between the Merrimack belt and Nashoba terrane, are different from either of these tectonic domains and may indicate that the boundary is complex.
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Benedetto, Juan L. "Early Ordovician (Arenig) brachiopods from volcaniclastic rocks of the Famatina Range, northwest Argentina." Journal of Paleontology 77, no. 2 (March 2003): 212–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000043614.
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This paper constitutes the first monographical study of the rich brachiopod faunas from the Early Ordovician Suri and Molles Formations of the central Famatina Range, which form a nearly continuous, more than 2,000 m thick succession of fossiliferous clastic and volcaniclastic rocks. Conodonts from the brachiopod-rich levels of the upper third of the Suri Formation and Los Molles Formation indicate the upper part of the Oepikodus evae Biozone (mid-Arenig). The systematic study of brachiopod faunas reveals the presence of 22 species belonging to 19 genera, three of which are new. The new genera recognized are the orthid Suriorthis, the hesperonomiid Mollesella, and the rectostrophiid Trigonostrophia. The following 12 new species and subspecies are described and illustrated: the clitambonitoidean Tritoechia mollesensis; the skenidioideans Crossiskenidium? stelzneri and Skenidioides kayseri; the orthoideans Paralenorthis suriensis, Paralenorthis riojanus brevis, Panderina? ambigua, Productorthis angulensis, Hesperonomiella arcuata, and Monorthis transversa; the plectorthoideans Ffynnonia famatinensis and Desmorthis? bifurcata; and the porambonitoidean Rugostrophia protoandina. Associated forms are Tritoechia sp., Pinatotoechia acantha Benedetto, 2001b; Protoskenidioides cf. revelata Williams, 1974; Hesperonomia orientalis Benedetto, 1998a; Paralenorthis riojanus (Levy and Nullo, 1973), Famatinorthis turneri (Levy and Nullo, 1973); and Camerella sp. Brachiopods from the Famatina Range display strong affinities with Welsh and Central Newfoundland, Maine and New Brunswick volcanic assemblages forming with them a statistically well defined Celtic cluster. Faunal evidence suggests that the Famatina volcanic belt continues northward into the western Puna belt.
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Kusky, T. M., J. S. Chow, and S. A. Bowring. "Age and origin of the Boil Mountain ophiolite and Chain Lakes massif, Maine: implications for the Penobscottian orogeny." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 34, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 646–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e17-051.
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The Boil Mountain ophiolite complex of west-central Maine is widely interpreted to mark the Lower Ordovician Penobscottian suture between the Dunnage, Chain Lakes, and Gander terranes. The ophiolite consists of two distinct volcanic groups, including a lower island-arc tholeiite sequence and an upper mid-ocean-ridge basalt sequence. A new Middle Ordovician 477 ± 1 Ma U–Pb age on a tonalite sill that intrudes the lower volcanic–gabbroic sequence is younger than other ca. 500 Ma age constraints for the ophiolite and represents a maximum age for the ophiolite prior to final emplacement over gneissic rocks of the Chain Lakes massif. A comparison of ages and paleogeography of the Boil Mountain ophiolite with ophiolitic sequences in Quebec and Newfoundland indicates that the Taconian and Penobscottian orogenies and ophiolite obduction occurred simultaneously, although on different margins of the Iapetus Ocean. The Taconian ophiolite sequences were obducted onto the Appalachian margin of Laurentia during its collision with the Notre Dame – Bronson Hill belt in the Middle Ordovician, whereas the Boil Mountain ophiolite was obducted onto the Gander margin of Gondwana during its collision with the Exploits subzone – Penobscot arc of the Dunnage terrane in the Lower – Middle Ordovician. We suggest that the lower volcanic–gabbroic sequence of the Boil Mountain ophiolite represents the fore-arc ophiolitic basement to the Penobscot arc. Middle Ordovician rifting of the Penobscottian orogenic collage on the Gander margin formed a new volcanic sequence (Popelogan arc) in front of a growing back-arc basin, and erupted the upper tholeiitic sequence of the Boil Mountain ophiolite in a back-arc-basin setting. The tonalité sill formed during this event by partial melting of the lower volcanic–gabbroic sequence. Spreading in this back-arc basin (Tetagouche basin) brought a fragment of the Gander margin (Chain Lakes massif), along with an allochthonous ophiolitic cover (Boil Mountain complex) across Iapetus, where it collided with the Taconic modified margin of North America in the Late Ordovician and was then intruded by the Ashgillian Attean pluton.
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Reusch, Douglas N., and Cees R. van Staal. "The Dog Bay – Liberty Line and its significance for Silurian tectonics of the northern Appalachian orogen1This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.2Geological Survey of Canada Contribution 20100257." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 49, no. 1 (January 2012): 239–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e11-024.
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The Dog Bay Line, a Silurian suture key to deciphering Appalachian accretionary history, was first recognized in Newfoundland. It marks where the Ordovician Tetagouch–Exploits ensimatic back-arc basin (TEB), which had opened within the leading peri-Gondwanan Gander terrane, finally closed. Here, we extrapolate this suture into New England, placing it between the Liberty–Orrington–Miramichi inliers (LOM) and the Merrimack–Fredericton trough (MFT). Southeastward, marine strata of the MFT overlie the TEB passive margin, exposed in the Ganderian St. Croix block, and display southeast-vergent structures transected by Acadian cleavage. They structurally underlie southeast-vergent thrusts at the base of the LOM. Northwestward, the LOM, Central Maine – Matapedia trough (CMMT), and Lower Silurian igneous rocks record elements of the upper plate trench–arc system, respectively, a subduction complex, forearc basin, and arc. The CMMT forearc received detritus both from the northwesterly arc region, and also from the Early Silurian-exhumed subduction complex. Minimal contrast in Silurian turbidites near the line may be due to sediment bypassing the subduction complex, and (or) a common provenance when the complex emerged above sea level. Salinic unconformities in the upper plate (arc–trench) reflect episodes of shortening, within an overall extensional setting that resulted in thinned, weakened lithosphere, and also final uplift accompanying latest Silurian slab breakoff. Silurian strata of the Coastal Volcanic Belt document a separate arc system built on Ganderia’s trailing edge, where northwest-directed subduction of a narrow seaway led to latest Silurian collision with buoyant, strong lithosphere of Avalonia’s passive margin, and the onset of Acadian typically dextral-oblique, northwest-vergent deformation.
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Ghanem, Hind, Michael J. Kunk, Allan Ludman, David L. Bish, and Robert P. Wintsch. "Dating slate belts using 40Ar/39Ar geochronology and zircon ages from crosscutting plutons: A case study from east-central Maine, USA." Journal of Structural Geology 93 (December 2016): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2016.10.004.
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Demydenko, A., and V. Velychko. "Climatic Change Impact on the Grain Crops’ Yielding Capacity at Various Soil Cultivation Ways within Crop-Sugar Beet Rotation Agrocenoses in the Left-Bank Ukraine’s Forest-Steppe." Agricultural Science and Practice 1, no. 2 (July 15, 2014): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/agrisp1.02.061.
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Aim . To estimate the infl uence of contemporary climatic changes to the forming of the cereal crops productivity ( winter wheat and corn ) depending on the adaptive measures system ( fertilizer , cultivating , crop rotation type) in the agrocenoses of the Central Left - Bank Ukraine ’s Forest- Steppe. Methods . On the basis of long - term ( 35 -40 years ) investigations in the multifactor stationary fi eld experience, the dynamics of the cereal crops productiv- ity depending on cultivation , crop rotation type and fertilizer has been analyzed. The infl uence of meteorologica l indices on the nature of a trends’ temporal movement in the cereal crops productivity has been modeled . Results . The effective use of an excess heat resource is connected to the introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers sub- ject to different cultivation methods in various crop rotation type s. For the crop rotation with the perennial grass at treatment with 6 t / ha of manure and average dose of fertilizers, the productivity of winter wheat, independent of the cultivation method, was 4.69 t / ha , barley – 4. 54 t/ h a ; whereas du ring 20 01−201 0 due to rep lacement of man ure wit h sid e-li n e pro ducts – 4.21 and 3 .37 t/ha r e sp ectively, i.e. , less by 0. 48 and 1 .17 t/ha. T he p rodu ctivity of sp rin g barle y, as co mpa red to th e m anur e treatment period, has reduced in av erage by 0. 66 t/ha, o r by 23 .8 per cent; along side, it re mained highe st at th e d eep subsu rface loose ning of so il. Ret ur n from the a ppli ed ferti lizers prove d to be highe r by 12 3 p er c ent independent of the m etho d of tr eat ing the s oil. In fi ve- plot pea-i ncluding crop rotation the a vera ge produ ctivity of wi nte r wheat in 2 001− 2010 d ecre a sed by 1.0 9 t /ha, o r by 20 per c ent. The mo st c onsiderable reduct ion in the grain productivity has b een fi xed at bot h the su bsur face and su rfac e loosen ing of soi l. As f or the cr op r otation with t he pe renn ial grass, on t he contrary, a mo re c onsiderable drop i n the produc tiv- ity was at plo ugh ing (-0.59 t/ha). T he co rn p roductivity in the cr op r otation with t he pe renn ial grass grew a t var i- ous cultivation methods by 1.7 1 t /ha a v e ra ge, and in the pe a-in cluding crop rotation – by 1 .9 5 t /ha. C o nc lu sions. Exce ss heat r esource during 2001−2 013 in cond iti ons of the Left-Ba nk U k raine ’s Forest- S teppe z one ant icipa tes in raisi ng tempos the forecast scenario s of the c limatic change until 20 25 and need s t he intr oduc tion of the a daptive agricult ure system: the ap pl icat ion of diffe rin g-depth c u ltivat ing for the cher nozems with the prec ise following of the p ostharv est cultivat ion technological operatio ns in the s umm er-a utumn p eriod t ogether with the simu ltan eous basic au tumn t reatmen t with both organic and mine ral fertilizers, however, without the basi c d o se tre atmen t with the mineral fertilizers for spri ng c ultivat ion, and al so app lying of green -ma nured fallows in the s tru ctur e of plant ed areas. U nder th e cont empo rary conditio ns, the clim atic change, in par ti cular, an inc re ase in the t emperat ure in the c ent er p art of the L eft-Ban k Uk r aine’ s Forest-Steppe favorabl y affects an incre ase in the p roducti vity of the e xist- ing hybrids of corn, wh erea s the desc endi ng general trend ha s been observed during entire e xplorat ion period for the wint er w heat an d barl ey p roductivity because of an incre ase in the t emperat ure of air t o t he c rit ical values i n the p eri od o f earin g a nd grai n po uring. The ex c e ss h eat res ource is effectively used by the cont emp o rary middle- and of l ate- ri p enin g corn hybrids, for wh ic h th e cond itio ns of optim um soil and atmo sphe ric moist ure supply in the “win dbu r n” are created period of arden t a nd wint er e ar crop s. That contrib u tes to the g rowth o f thei r pr oducti vity.
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Cartwright, Samuel F. A., David P. West, Jr., and William H. Amidon. "Depositional constraints from detrital zircon geochronology of strata from multiple lithotectonic belts in south-central Maine, USA." Atlantic Geology, April 15, 2019, 093–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2019.003.
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The bedrock geology of south-central Maine is characterized by a series of fault-bounded lithotectonic terranes that were accreted onto the Laurentian margin during Silurian-Devonian orogenesis. The multiple phases of deformation and metamorphism associated with this tectonism obscured most primary features in the protolith rocks, leading to uncertainties in their pre-accretionary history. Here we present the results of detrital zircon geochronology from five of these terranes and make interpretations on their depositional ages, sediment provenance, and tectonic setting of deposition.Detrital zircon from Silurian rocks of the Vassalboro Group in the eastern-most portion of the Central Maine basin indicate sediment input in an extensional setting from both Laurentian and Ordovician sources. Results from Ordovician rocks of the Casco Bay Group of the Liberty-Orrington belt support earlier findings that these rocks have strong peri-Gondwanan affinities. Detrital zircon from the Appleton Ridge Formation and Ghent phyllite of the Fredericton trough are consistent with a peri-Gondwanan sediment source with no evidence of Laurentian sediment input. These findings are consistent with that of Dokken et al. (2018) for older Fredericton trough strata (i.e., Digdeguash Formation) east of the Fredericton fault in southern New Brunswick. Two samples from the Jam Brook complex reveal extreme differences in depositional age (Ordovician vs. Mesoproterozoic) and tectonic affinity and support the hypothesis that this narrow belt represents a fault complex containing a wide variety of stratigraphic units. Detrital zircon from Ordovician rocks of the Benner Hill Sequence indicate a peri-Gondwanan sediment source with no Laurentian input.Collectively, the pre-Silurian rocks of the Liberty-Orrington belt, Jam Brook complex, Benner Hill Sequence, and Late Ordovician-Early Silurian strata from the Appleton Ridge and Ghent phyllite in the Fredericton trough show peri-Gondwanan affinities with no evidence of Laurentian sediment input. This suggests a barrier exisited between the Laurentian margin and these peri-Gondwanan terranes prior to about 435 Ma. In contrast, Silurian strata from the eastern portion of the Central Maine basin do show evidence of a Laurentian sediment source, along with deposition in an extensional setting (lacking in all other samples), thus signaling a fundamental change in tectonic regime.
Books on the topic "Central Maine Belt"
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Pomfret, Richard. The Central Asian Economies in the Twenty-First Century. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691182216.001.0001.
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This book analyzes the Central Asian economies of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, from their buffeting by the commodity boom of the early 2000s to its collapse in 2014. The book examines the countries' relations with external powers and the possibilities for development offered by infrastructure projects as well as rail links between China and Europe. The transition of these nations from centrally planned to market-based economic systems was essentially complete by the early 2000s, when the region experienced a massive increase in world prices for energy and mineral exports. This raised incomes in the main oil and gas exporters, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan; brought more benefits to the most populous country, Uzbekistan; and left the poorest countries, the Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan, dependent on remittances from migrant workers in oil-rich Russia and Kazakhstan. The book considers the enhanced role of the Central Asian nations in the global economy and their varied ties to China, the European Union, Russia, and the United States. With improved infrastructure and connectivity between China and Europe (reflected in regular rail freight services since 2011 and China's announcement of its Belt and Road Initiative in 2013), relaxation of UN sanctions against Iran in 2016, and the change in Uzbekistan's presidency in late 2016, a window of opportunity appears to have opened for Central Asian countries to achieve more sustainable economic futures.
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Elies, van Sliedregt. Part 3 Defences, 11 Superior Orders. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199560363.003.0011.
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Superior orders is probably the best known defence in ICL; in case law as well as in scholarly debates. As the UN War Crimes Commission observed, ‘the plea of superior orders has been raised by the Defence in war crime trials more frequently than any other’. The legal debate on superior orders has produced three main schools of thought: the respondeat superior doctrine; the absolute liability or full responsibility doctrine; and the conditional liability or limited responsibility doctrine that exists in different versions. These three views are central to the analysis in this chapter of superior orders. Much has been written on the defence of superior orders. The discussion is limited to the main points in the superior orders debate.
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Sobel, David, Peter Vallentyne, and Steven Wall, eds. Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy Volume 5. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198841425.001.0001.
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This is the fifth volume of Oxford Studies in Political Philosophy. Since its revival in the 1970s political philosophy has been a vibrant field in philosophy, one that intersects with jurisprudence, normative economics, political theory in political science departments, and just war theory. OSPP aims to publish some of the best contemporary work in political philosophy and these closely related subfields. The chapters in this volume address a range of central topics and represent cutting-edge work in the field. They are grouped into two main themes: power and legitimacy; and political, legal, and moral relations.
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Łaski, Kazimierz. Lectures in Macroeconomics. Edited by Jerzy Osiatyński and Jan Toporowski. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842118.001.0001.
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These lectures in macroeconomics explain the theory and policy implications of macroeconomics in a systematic and logically consistent way. Central to this analysis is the principle of aggregate demand as formulated by the Polish economist Michał Kalecki, who is best known as the originator, along with Keynes, of the Keynesian Revolution in macroeconomics. The lectures cover the main components of aggregate demand, showing the key importance of firms’ investment for total output, employment, and economic growth in both closed and open economies. The main influences on investment are explained and how, through the circular flow of income and expenditure, investment generates profits in the economy. However, investment is unstable and the government therefore has a central role in stabilizing such an economy at high rates of employment. Along with investment, the labor market and wages then determine the distribution of income. This leads on to an examination of the role of money and finance in the contemporary capitalist economy. The analysis is illustrated with statistics and a survey of the evolution of capitalist economies since World War II, along with critical observations on the neoclassical approach to economics.
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Lacey, Joseph. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796886.003.0001.
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This introduction presents the central problematic of the book, justifies the comparative approach that is employed in later parts of the project, and outlines the main arguments developed throughout the work. The problematic is referred to as the lingua franca thesis on sustainable democratic systems (LFT), which predicts problems for democratic legitimacy and political identity formation for political communities that operate without a common language. As multilevel and multilingual political systems with claims to democratic legitimacy, Belgium and Switzerland are identified as two of the best available cases to test the validity of the LFT, with a view to informing the nature of and prospects for democratic legitimacy in the EU.
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Trencsényi, Balázs, Michal Kopeček, Luka Lisjak Gabrijelčič, Maria Falina, Mónika Baár, and Maciej Janowski. Political Thought in Exile. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829607.003.0002.
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The post-1945 exile from East Central Europe was characterized by extreme ideological pluralism and political fragmentation, ranging from post-fascist to radical leftist streams. Given this initial diversity and the permanent reconfiguration due to the arrival of new waves, it remained an extremely variegated phenomenon with limited ideological coherence. However the specific exile experience produced a certain type of political thought offering a choice between interventionist, gradualist, or passivist stances. Whereas in the first post-war decades the exile’s main drive was to preserve the “authentic” cultural and political traditions, in the course of the 1960s and the 1970s they became the transmitters of the local dissident discourses. These developments validated the ideas of the best strategic minds in emigration arguing that it was the pressure from the domestic public and opposition, not the émigré groups or Western powers, which could become a main catalyst of democratization.
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El-Merheb, Mohamad. Political Thought in the Mamluk Period. Edinburgh University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474479646.001.0001.
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The legal theorists, jurists, judges and administrators of the late Ayyubid and early Mamluk period tackled a central question in their political thought: how best to govern their communities. This book proposes a taxonomy of the main themes and concerns of this political thought under the three ideals of the rule of law, limited government and legitimate delegation of power. Further, it recommends a contextualist approach for interpreting Islamic political texts based on their narrow social, intellectual and political contexts. The book studies both Ibn Jamaʿa’s (639/1241–733/1333) well-known works and previously unstudied treatises and, additionally, presents a fresh interpretation of a distinctive Sufi political thought and uncovers its interrelatedness with Ashʿari-Sufism and Shafiʿism.
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Arnold, Cath, and Tracy Gallagher. Involving parents in their children’s learning. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747109.003.0015.
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This chapter presents a brief history of Corby and its Scottish connection as a backcloth to the work of the Pen Green Centre since 1983. The main focus is on the values of parents and staff and the resulting research on involving parents in their children’s learning from 1997 to 2000 and subsequent developments in practice. An important starting point was the ‘Local Action Group’ against the proposed centre as a service for ‘problem families’, and the appointment of Margy Whalley, who had experience of community projects in Brazil and Papua, New Guinea, as Head of Centre to create something more positive. Freire’s concept of ‘dialogue’ is used to describe the two-way conversation that workers and parents can engage in to build understanding and agreement of how best to support children’s development and learning.
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Roll‐Hansen, Nils. Eugenics and the Science of Genetics. Edited by Alison Bashford and Philippa Levine. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195373141.013.0005.
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This article deals with the history of eugenics, which started as a science-based movement to combat threatening degeneration. It was initiated by idealistic scientists and was inspired by a humanistic Enlightenment ideal of science as the servant of human welfare. The general goal was to improve the biological heredity of human populations. The article considers the main scientific input to the birth of eugenics and looks at the Darwinian theory of evolution. Furthermore, it deals with the distinction between positive and negative eugenics that is central to eugenic policy discussions. It further discusses the dispute between eugenics and genetics that raised the possibility that race crossings could produce genetically unbalanced and thus inferior hybrids. Finally, it concludes with some implications that make the best out of eugenics by establishing effective democratic political control of its practical applications.
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Biela, Katarzyna, Aleksandra Kamińska, Alicja Lasak, Kinga Latała, and Sabina Sosin, eds. Faces of Crisis in 20th- and 21st- Century Prose. An Anthology of Criticism. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/k7170.125/20.20.15534.
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In one way or another, crisis has always been a part of our lives and it is still a central aspect of contemporary world, ridden by recurring economic, environmental, and health threats. Faces of Crisis in 20th- and 21st-Century Prose. An Anthology of Criticism offers a unique overview of the motif of crisis tackled by 20th- and 1st-century writers. The main value of this anthology lies in its unique array of perspectives. The contributors focus on literary works which may have been analysed by other scholars, but never before have they been examined from the perspective of crisis and its different forms. Many of the discussed works were written, or rediscovered, in the last two decades. To the best of my knowledge, there is no other study like this volume. From the review by Professor Aleksandra Kędzierska, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin
Book chapters on the topic "Central Maine Belt"
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Dankov, Artem. "The Belt and Road Initiative and Sustainable Urban Development in Central Asia." In Securitization and Democracy in Eurasia, 291–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16659-4_20.
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AbstractAgainst the background of the expansion of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), this chapter analyses the phenomenon of urbanisation in Central Asia and its political and social implications. The main argument is that major cities have emerged as important economic and political centres, but that these also are focal points for ethnic and social conflict which threatens regime stability. While the BRI contributes to sustainable urban development, it has so far done little to attenuate the problematic political and social consequences of urbanisation.
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Rice, Dana. "An Overview of China’s Belt and Road Initiative and Its Development Since 2013." In Securitization and Democracy in Eurasia, 255–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16659-4_17.
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AbstractDuring a visit to Kazakhstan in September 2013, Chinese leader Xi Jinping announced the launch of a new cross-Eurasian initiative. Nearly ten years on, approximately 140 nations have followed Kazakhstan’s lead and signed onto the multi-trillion-dollar Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This chapter aims to provide a concise yet critical overview of the BRI’s evolution in Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and the European Union, examining the main BRI investments, strategies, and controversies over the past decade. More specifically, the chapter reflects on how individual projects under the BRI banner are coordinated and funded before examining the stated aims of the BRI. The development of two Eurasian land corridors is then explored as well as the emergent, overlapping strands of BRI discourse, including discourses on the “Human/Cultural,” “Green,” “Health,” and “Digital” Silk Roads. The chapter ends by exploring the key debates happening around China’s intentions at the state, academic, and popular levels across the Eurasian region, highlighting fears of so-called “debt-trap diplomacy.”
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Kilichova, Nargiza. "Development Aid in Central Asia: A “Chessboard” for Great Powers?" In Securitization and Democracy in Eurasia, 77–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16659-4_5.
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AbstractCentral Asia, once part of the Soviet Union's southern belt, quickly became a focal point for competing interests and donor influence after gaining independence in the early 1990s. Players in this arena include the so-called Western actors such as the European Union (EU) and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), as well as major regional powers such as Russia and China. The main objective of the chapter is to examine how and in what ways the domestic rule of law institutions and the contexts of donor and organization development policies differ from each other, and how this gap is translated into rule of law promotion approaches abroad. This question is examined within the realm of externally assisted rule of law reform using the Central Asian region as a case study. To answer this question, this chapter compares rule of law promotion strategies of the EU, the OSCE, Russia, and China by breaking down development policies according to contextual understanding, goals, organization, promotion approaches, and objectives. Based on these comparative analyses, the chapter examines how the EU and the OSCE position themselves in the midst of a fierce struggle between the major regional powers in the still near and yet so distant Central Asia.
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Kraus, Blahoslav. "Socioeconomic Situation and Satisfaction in the Family Life." In Contemporary Family Lifestyles in Central and Western Europe, 49–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48299-2_3.
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AbstractIn this chapter, the attention is paid to two fields which are linked with family lifestyle. The first one concerns socioeconomic situations in a family and shows that the economic side of family functioning is actually very essential these days. The importance of family economic situation is affirmed also in the results of our international survey. We asked what was the main family income, experience with unemployment and whether our respondents had possibility to save some money. Furthermore, we were interested in expenditure items and in evaluation of an overall standard of living by respondents. The Germans and then Czechs evaluated it as the best, the worst was found in families in Latvia. The second part monitors life satisfaction as a subjective feeling of well-being and is understood as a part of quality of life. To the question “How do you imagine a satisfied family?”, the most frequent response was—harmonic coexistence without conflicts, well-being, good health of all family members and material security. For the question “What do you lack to your satisfaction?” respondents stated—financial security and lack of free time for the family. However, there were specific differences among individual surveyed countries.
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Pomfret, Richard. "From Landlocked to Land-Linked? Central Asia’s Place in the Eurasian Economy." In Between Peace and Conflict in the East and the West, 195–209. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77489-9_10.
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AbstractThe Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), while primarily a security organisation, has always included economic and human baskets or dimensions. Currently, the Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities operates in four main areas: (1) good governance and anti-corruption, (2) money laundering and financing of terrorism, (3) transport, trade and border-crossing facilitation, and (4) labour migration. This chapter addresses developments in Central Asia since the dissolution of the Soviet Union that are relevant to the third area of OSCE operations. The chapter’s focus is on the potential for the landlocked Central Asian countries to become land-linked, using improved transport connections between East Asia and Europe to promote economic development through export diversification and growth. Rail services across Central Asia improved considerably during the 2010s. They have been resilient, despite strained political relations between Russia and the EU since 2014, and rail traffic between Europe and China continued to increase in 2020 despite the shock of COVID-19. Further infrastructure improvements are promised under China’s Belt and Road Initiative. However, the expanded network has been little used by Central Asian producers to create new international trade, and the improved infrastructure represents a potential opportunity rather than a past benefit. If the Central Asian economies are successful in taking advantage of the opportunity, it will stimulate their trade across the Eurasian region and help economic diversification. The main determinant of success will be national policies and national economic development. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the role of multilateral institutions and, in particular, the prospects for OSCE collaboration with existing fora to promote cooperation and economic development in Central Asia.
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Zillner, Sonja. "Innovation in Times of Big Data and AI: Introducing the Data-Driven Innovation (DDI) Framework." In The Elements of Big Data Value, 289–310. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68176-0_12.
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AbstractTo support the process of identifying and scoping data-driven innovation, we are introducing the data-driven innovation (DDI) framework, which provides guidance in the continuous analysis of factors influencing the demand and supply sides of a data-driven innovation. The DDI framework describes all relevant aspects of any generic data-driven innovation and is backed by empirical data and scientific research encompassing a state-of-the-art analysis, an ontology describing the central dimensions of data-driven innovation, as well as a quantitative and representative research study covering more than 90 data-driven innovations. This chapter builds upon a short analysis of the nature of data-driven innovation and provides insights into how to best screen it. It details the four phases of the empirical DDI research study and discusses central findings related to trends, frequencies and distributions along the main dimensions of the DDI framework that could be derived by percentage-frequency analysis.
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Pillonetto, Gianluigi, Tianshi Chen, Alessandro Chiuso, Giuseppe De Nicolao, and Lennart Ljung. "Classical System Identification." In Regularized System Identification, 17–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95860-2_2.
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AbstractSystem identification as a field has been around since the 1950s with roots from statistical theory. A substantial body of concepts, theory, algorithms and experience has been developed since then. Indeed, there is a very extensive literature on the subject, with many text books, like [5, 8, 12]. Some main points of this “classical” field are summarized in this chapter, just pointing to the basic structure of the problem area. The problem centres around four main pillars: (1) the observed data from the system, (2) a parametrized set of candidate models, “the Model structure”, (3) an estimation method that fits the model parameters to the observed data and (4) a validation process that helps taking decisions about the choice of model structure. The crucial choice is that of the model structure. The archetypical choice for linear models is the ARX model, a linear difference equation between the system’s input and output signals. This is a universal approximator for linear systems—for sufficiently high orders of the equations, arbitrarily good descriptions of the system are obtained. For a “good” model, proper choices of structural parameters, like the equation orders, are required. An essential part of the classical theory deals with asymptotic quality measures, bias and variance, that aim at giving the best mean square error between the model and the true system. Some of this theory is reviewed in this chapter for estimation methods of the maximum likelihood character.
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Bongaarts, John, and Dennis Hodgson. "The Impact of Voluntary Family Planning Programs on Contraceptive Use, Fertility, and Population." In Fertility Transition in the Developing World, 97–122. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11840-1_7.
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AbstractThis chapter examines the long-standing debate about the effects of family planning programs on contraceptive behavior and fertility. We begin with a brief overview of the main rationale for family planning, namely the removal of obstacles to practicing contraception by women who want to space or limit their births. The central sections of the chapter then discuss the evidence on the effects of family planning programs. Three sources of evidence are examined: (1) controlled experiments; (2) natural experiments; and (3) statistical studies. These sources provide broadly comparable estimates of the effects of a high-quality family planning program: an increase of 25–35% in contraceptive prevalence and a decline of about 1.5 births per woman in the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) compared to a population without family planning support. The statistical analyses examine the roles of family planning programs in changing contraceptive demand and its satisfaction and the pattern of wanted and unwanted fertility. Demand refers to the proportion of women who do not want to get pregnant and its satisfaction refers to the proportion of women with a demand that practice contraception. As expected, family planning programs raise the satisfaction of demand for contraception and reduce unwanted fertility. Contrary to common conclusions made in economic theories of fertility, family planning programs have a substantial impact on demand for contraception and on wanted fertility. We conclude with a discussion of the criticisms of family planning programs and the claims that these programs have at best a small impact and are not cost-effective.
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Dandarova-Robert, Zhargalma, Christelle Cocco, Grégory Dessart, and Pierre-Yves Brandt. "Where Gods Dwell? Part II: Embodied Cognition Approach and Children’s Drawings of Gods." In When Children Draw Gods, 171–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94429-2_7.
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AbstractEmpirical demonstrations of the embodied and grounded cognition approach, involving diverse areas and phenomena, have increased exponentially in recent years. However, little research has been done in the religious domain. To the best of our knowledge, no study based on this theoretical framework has explored spatial dimension in pictorial representation of the divine in children’s drawings or in religious art in general. The present study represents the very first attempt to investigate if and how spatiality is involved in the way children depict the divine in their drawings. Drawings collected from four groups of participants (n = 1156, ages 6–15) characterized by different cultural and religious environments: Japanese (Buddhism and Shinto), Russian-Buryat (Buddhism, Shamanism), Russian Slavic (Christian Orthodoxy), and French-speaking Swiss (Catholic and reformed Christianity) were annotated using the Gauntlet annotation tool and then analysed. The main result indicates that children from all four groups generally depict god (the centre of the annotated representation) in the upper part of their drawings. Further testing indicates that the type of composition (for instance, god depicted alone or as standing on the ground where the sky is also depicted) did not serve as a major influence on the child’s placement of god.
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Manachi, Maha, Eyad Chatty, Seham Sulaiman, and Zahera Fahed. "General Oncology Care in Syria." In Cancer in the Arab World, 265–84. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7945-2_17.
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AbstractThe first entity dedicated to cancer was established named “Nuclear Medical Center” with a single radiotherapy unit in 1969. Since then, the concept of oncology has rapidly progressed with the establishment of a division of oncology in the University of Damascus, School of Medicine with six staff members at that time. In 2001, a National Cancer Registry was established with the help of the World Health Organization. Many civil societies related to cancer awareness, early detection, and care of patients bloomed, first being the Syrian Cancer Society.Now cancer diagnosis and treatment facilities are spread all over the county but mainly concentrated in Damascus, Lattakia, and Aleppo. All three main government related medical entities that are the Ministry of Higher Education, Ministry of Health, and the Medical Corps are involved in the process with the help of the private sector also. This progress of course was slowed due to the bloody aggression that engulfed Syria for 10 years of conflict. However, it did not halt the country’s goals and achievements.In 2006, Nuclear Medicine Centre was developed into a comprehensive institution for cancer, Al Bairouni University Hospital (ABUH) to provide free standard of care treatment for all citizens. The Syrian National Committee for cancer control (SNCCC) was established in June 2019 with a mission of strategic planning for better cancer management in collaboration with all stakeholders aiming to raise cancer services to the best possible standard in the post-war era. The chapters’ focus is to discuss cancer care services being provided in the country and future challenges that need to be addressed for high quality oncology care services in Syria.
Conference papers on the topic "Central Maine Belt"
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Divan, Erik J., Audrey Wheatcroft, and J. Dykstra Eusden. "SALINIC TO NEOACADIAN DEFORMATION IN THE MIGMATIZED CENTRAL MAINE BELT OF WESTERN MAINE." In Joint 52nd Northeastern Annual Section and 51st North-Central Annual GSA Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017ne-290862.
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Eusden, J. Dykstra, Sarah Baker, Jordan Cargill, Eric Divan, Ian Hillenbrand, Paul O'Sullivan, and Audrey Wheatcroft. "Transect From the Migmatized Central Maine Belt to the Bronson Hill Anticlinorium." In New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference. Bates College, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26780/2017.001.0016.
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Eusden, J. Dykstra, Ian W. Hillenbrand, Thorn K. Merrill, Kurt A. Niiler, Paul B. O'Sullivan, and Audrey Wheatcroft. "THE "ME-NH" TRANSECT FROM THE MIGMATIZED CENTRAL MAINE BELT IN WESTERN MAINE TO THE BRONSON HILL ANTICLINORIUM IN NORTHERN NEW HAMPSHIRE." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-311147.
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Brock, Sean, and David Gibson. "EMPLACEMENT LEVELS OF DEVONIAN I-TYPE GRANITOIDS OF THE PISCATAQUIS MAGMATIC BELT, CENTRAL AND WESTERN MAINE." In 54th Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019ne-328506.
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Pollock, Stephen G., K. Gray, David Gibson, and Jeffrey Vervoort. "SILURIAN AND EARLY DEVONIAN AGES FOR THE MIXER POND AND ASSOCIATED ORTHOGNEISS PROVIDE AGE CONSTRAINTS ON MAGMATIC ACTIVITY, MIGMATIZATION, AND DEXTRAL SHEAR EVENTS IN THE LIBERTY–ORRINGTON BELT OF SOUTH–CENTRAL MAINE." In Joint 52nd Northeastern Annual Section and 51st North-Central Annual GSA Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017ne-291251.
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Burke, William, David P. West, and Raymond Coish. "LATE CAMBRIAN TO EARLY ORDOVICIAN (PENOBSCOT) PERI-GONDWANAN ARC VOLCANISM IN SOUTH-CENTRAL MAINE: EVIDENCE FROM U-PB AGES AND WHOLE ROCK GEOCHEMISTRY FROM THE ST. CROIX BELT." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-280884.
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West, David P., and Samuel F. A. Cartwright. "DEPOSITIONAL AGES AND SEDIMENT PROVENANCE OF MULTIPLE LITHOTECTONIC BELTS IN SOUTH-CENTRAL MAINE: CONSTRAINTS FROM DETRITAL ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY." In 54th Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019ne-328244.
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Avcıl, Seniha, and Kenan Aydın. "The Position and Importance of Central Asian Countries in the One Belt One Road Project." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c14.02620.
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Since 2013, China has brought the idea of the Land and Sea Silk Road to the agenda. This initiative has been named as a one-generation road project. The word belt constitutes the land route of the project, which includes highways, railways, oil and natural gas pipelines and infrastructure investments. The word road includes the sea routes of the project. As a result of the openness policy adopted by China since the 1980s, it has achieved a rapid growth. The problem of production capacity and surplus that emerged as a result of growth was encountered. This is one of the main reasons for the One Belt One Road Project. This study is a qualitative study. The data of this study were obtained from secondary sources. For this purpose, articles, books, reports, speeches, and similar sources written in the context of the "One Belt One Road" project were searched. In this context, investments made in Central Asian countries were tried to be determined. The collected data is based on the period from 2013 to the present day. The project has a great importance for Central Asian countries. Central Asian countries such as Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan are rich in natural resources. China is a market for the natural resources of these countries. These countries are also a market for Chinese goods. The project has advantages and disadvantages in terms of Central Asian countries as well as other parties. In this study, the possible political and social consequences of the project, especially the problem of financing and repayment, are evaluated.
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Bhattacharyya, Kathakali, and Pritam Ghosh. "SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS IN DEFORMATION MECHANISMS AND KINEMATICS OF DOMINANT THRUSTS FROM HINTERLAND OF MOUNTAIN BELTS: A CASE STUDY FROM THE MAIN CENTRAL THRUST (MCT) AND THE PELLING THRUST, SIKKIM HIMALAYAN FOLD THRUST BELT." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-284676.
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Fedorova, A., and A. Sedova. "Town-planning analysis of best practice in the design of centres for scientific research." In 2022 33th All-Russian Youth Exhibition of Innovations. Publishing House of Kalashnikov ISTU, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22213/ie022148.
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Science is the main driving mechanism in the world today. Innovative and technological structures become more and more important, because now high-tech industries of science and business have dynamic development. In recent times attention is paid to scientific publications, startups, researches, nanotechnology products and technologies. Nanotechnology is the one of progressive fields of science and technologies. Interest of our country to nanoindustry continues to grow. The purpose of the article is to analyze features of organization of land plots in the designing scientific research centres. The author conducted an analysis nation and foreign experience in the placement of similar objects in cities. The analysis considered advantages and disadvantages of scientific research centres. The author proposed fundamental principles their placements.
Reports on the topic "Central Maine Belt"
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Kerr, D. E. Reconnaissance surficial geology, Beechey Lake, Nunavut, NTS 76-G. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329669.
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Preliminary mapping studies of Beechey Lake map area, through aerial photograph interpretation and limited legacy data, improve our understanding of surficial sediments and glacial history. The area is dominated by glacially and meltwater-scoured bedrock, hummocky moraine, till of varying thickness occasionally streamlined, and thin ridged till. Glacial lake sediments are predominantly in river valley lowlands. Glaciolacustrine delta and raised beach elevations range from 410 m to 230 m and 440 m to 290 m, respectively. Glaciofluvial deposits consist of eskers, ice-contact mounds, proglacial outwash plains, and terraces. Basal meltwater from regional ice stagnation and downwasting scoured subglacial and proglacial meltwater corridors and channels of varying width, many trending northwest. A glaciomarine delta was deposited in a high-sea marine environment following deglaciation in the northernmost map area. Streamlined till and bedrock landforms and striations indicate regional ice flow was dominantly northwest. A late westward and southwestward deglacial ice flow is preserved sporadically in the easternmost map area, and well preserved in the west-central and southwestern map areas, west of a discontinuous hummocky moraine belt.
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Jones, Emily, Beatriz Kira, Anna Sands, and Danilo B. Garrido Alves. The UK and Digital Trade: Which way forward? Blavatnik School of Government, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-wp-2021/038.
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The internet and digital technologies are upending global trade. Industries and supply chains are being transformed, and the movement of data across borders is now central to the operation of the global economy. Provisions in trade agreements address many aspects of the digital economy – from cross-border data flows, to the protection of citizens’ personal data, and the regulation of the internet and new technologies like artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making. The UK government has identified digital trade as a priority in its Global Britain strategy and one of the main sources of economic growth to recover from the pandemic. It wants the UK to play a leading role in setting the international standards and regulations that govern the global digital economy. The regulation of digital trade is a fast-evolving and contentious issue, and the US, European Union (EU), and China have adopted different approaches. Now that the UK has left the EU, it will need to navigate across multiple and often conflicting digital realms. The UK needs to decide which policy objectives it will prioritise, how to regulate the digital economy domestically, and how best to achieve its priorities when negotiating international trade agreements. There is an urgent need to develop a robust, evidence-based approach to the UK’s digital trade strategy that takes into account the perspectives of businesses, workers, and citizens, as well as the approaches of other countries in the global economy. This working paper aims to inform UK policy debates by assessing the state of play in digital trade globally. The authors present a detailed analysis of five policy areas that are central to discussions on digital trade for the UK: cross-border data flows and privacy; internet access and content regulation; intellectual property and innovation; e-commerce (including trade facilitation and consumer protection); and taxation (customs duties on e-commerce and digital services taxes). In each of these areas the authors compare and contrast the approaches taken by the US, EU and China, discuss the public policy implications, and examine the choices facing the UK.
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Dudoit, Alain, Molivann Panot, and Thierry Warin. Towards a multi-stakeholder Intermodal Trade-Transportation Data-Sharing and Knowledge Exchange Network. CIRANO, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/mvne7282.
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The performance of supply chains used to be mainly the concern of academics and professionals who studied the potential efficiencies and risks associated with this aspect of globalisation. In 2021, major disruptions in this critical sector of our economies are making headlines and attracting the attention of policy makers around the world. Supply chain bottlenecks create shortages, fuel inflation, and undermine economic recovery. This report provides a transversal and multidisciplinary analysis of the challenges and opportunities regarding data interoperability and data sharing as they relate to the ‘Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Seaway Trade Corridor’ (GLSLTC)’s intermodal transportation and trade data strategy. The size and scope of this trade corridor are only matched by the complexity of its multimodal freight transportation systems and growing urbanization on both sides of the Canada-US border. This complexity is exacerbated by the lack of data interoperability and effective collaborations between the different stakeholders within the various jurisdictions and amongst them. Our analytical work relies on : 1) A review of the relevant documentation on the latest challenges to supply chains (SC), intermodal freight transport and international trade, identifying any databases that are to be used.; 2) A comparative review of selected relevant initiatives to give insights into the best practices in digital supply chains implemented in Canada, the United States, and the European Union.; 3) Interviews and discussions with experts from Transport Canada, Statistics Canada, the Canadian Centre on Transportation Data (CCTD) and Global Affairs Canada, as well as with CIRANO’s research community and four partner institutions to identify databases and data that they use in their research related to transportation and trade relevant data availabilities and methodologies as well as joint research opportunities. Its main findings can be summarized as follow: GLSLTC is characterized by its critical scale, complexity, and strategic impact as North America’s most vital trade corridor in the foreseeable further intensification of continental trade. 4% of Canadian GDP is attributed to the Transportation and Logistics sector (2018): $1 trillion of goods moved every year: Goods and services imports are equivalent to 33% of Canada’s GDP and goods and services exports equivalent to 32%. The transportation sector is a key contributor to the achievement of net-zero emissions commitment by 2050. All sectors of the Canadian economy are affected by global supply chain disruptions. Uncertainty and threats extend well beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic. “De-globalization” and increasing supply chains regionalization pressures are mounting. Innovation and thus economic performance—increasingly hinges on the quantity and quality of data. Data is transforming Canada’s economy/society and is now at the center of global trade “Transport data is becoming less available: Canada needs to make data a priority for a national transportation strategy.” * “How the Government of Canada collects, manages, and governs data—and how it accesses and shares data with other governments, sectors, and Canadians—must change.”