Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Central government'
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Tackie, Alexander O. "Modelling local government budgetary reactions to central government financial controls." Thesis, University of York, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238723.
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Abdullah, Nur Anisah. "Performance measurement in British central government." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21912.
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For many years, research on public sector performance measurement has focused on the more "mainstream public interest" sections such as Health, Education, or Police Services and overlooked agencies and public bodies. The research aimed to explore the issues of performance measurement in the context of British executive agencies and non-departmental public bodies with a view towards development an improvement. Through a three-phase exploratory study, the research set out to gain an in-depth understanding of performance measurement practice and in doing so, identified and examined the key elements for development and improvement. Phase 1 was a large scale questionnaire-based survey which, in broad sense, explored the nature of and reasons for performance management, the tools used, factors influencing design and the perceived level of system effectiveness. Phase II was a more in-depth study, extending the efforts of Phase I, sought to examine some of the issues in greater detail ; and Phase III was initiated based on managers' desire, explored the feasability of devising a tool to inform and evaluate performance measurement practice.the research has found that performance measurement practice and knowledge was evident across agencies and public bodies. The research also revealed nine interconnected elements as key to effective performance measurement. Based on these findings a framework for performance measurement practice was developed. Out of which, a performance measurement practice evaluation tool(PMPET) has been created. Although the framework and the resulting PMPET were customised for agencies and public bodies, they aimed to be generically applicable to the wider sections of public sector.
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Huaxing, Liu. "Why is local government less trusted than central government in China?" Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6162/.
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The public's trust in government is a subject that arouses interest and debate among researchers and politicians alike. This thesis is concerned with public trust in government in China and particularly in local government. It provides insights both on the patterns of public trust in different levels of government and explores the key factors that account for variance in this respect. In light of the findings in this respect, the thesis also makes suggestions about measures that might be taken to improve public trust in local government particularly in the China context. A mixed methods research design has been employed that has included analysis of responses to a major trans-China quantitative survey of public opinions and the conduct of a series of semi-structured interviews with local government officials operating at different governmental levels within one municipal city. The research examines the commonalities and differences between the perspectives of citizens and of officials with regard to the scale, nature and causes of public distrust in local government. The thesis considers the implications of the findings and makes suggestions as to the kinds of policy and practice responses that would seem necessary to improve Chinese's citizens' trust levels in their local government.
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Choi, Ho-Taek. "Central-local government fiscal relations in South Korea the impact of central government grants on local authorities' finance /." Thesis, Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.311609.
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Radcliffe, J. "The reorganisation of central government 1970-1976." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380676.
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Greer, Patricia. "Transforming central government : the Next Steps initiative." Thesis, University of Bath, 1994. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385221.
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Khan, Taj Moharram. "Central-local government relations in Pakistan since 1979." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1996. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/272/.
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This thesis explores the pattern of relationship of local government institutions in Pakistan with the higher level of governments, particularly with the provincial governments, under whose jurisdictional purview they fall. Pakistan is a federation where the provinces are empowered to legislate on various aspects of the working of local councils. Despite being a provincial subject, the influence of the central government under both the military and civilian regimes has also been immense. To analyse this, field work was undertaken in two provinces of Pakistan (the Punjab and the N-W. F. P). In each a district was selected (Gujrat and Mardan respectively) and the working of their municipalities and district councils were studied in the context of the impact of party-politics, the administrative control exercised, and the implications of financial decisions taken by the higher levels of government. Part one of the thesis describes the origin and development of local government in the South Asian sub-continent, particularly an analysis of the initiatives taken for their growth by military and civilian regimes during the years preceding independence. Part two consists of the case studies of four local councils and an analysis of the provincial-local government relations under the present Local Government Ordinance of 1979 introduced by General Mohammad Zia-ul Haque. Part three reflects the concerns and recommendations of experts and those involved in the working of local government in Pakistan. The conclusions drawn from the thesis material show that, though local government institutions have been operating in an environment of political expediency and without assistance from the general political cultural background, they have been able to make positive contributions to the development of democracy and to the provision of local services for the general welfare of the people. Local government in Pakistan has suffered from gaps between theory and practice, public statements and practical realities, and a pervasive political context which has neglected the development of services. There has been a tendency to proclaim the virtues of local government in theory and to make promises to support local institutions but in practice to do much less and to continue with practices which do not enable local government and its services to flourish. The clearest exemplification of this is that periods of martial law, where democracy at a national level has been imperilled, have seen the positive encouragement of local government and local democracy as a means of gaining popular support for the regime. In contrast, in periods of democratic central government, local institutions have proved to be obstacles to central authority, and they have been neglected or abused in favour of a more bureaucratic mode of governing. Both military and civilian rulers have manipulated local institutions for their own benefit. The outcome has been that the relationship between centre and provinces and the provinces and the local institutions has never been balanced or fully articulated. At the local level, as illustrated in the case studies, the consequences has been a lower level of civic amenity than is either desirable or what local persons know is practicable with a more stable institutional base. The past record of the cases studied shows that, despite the impact of local and national politics, real progress had been made in services and in developing local democracy
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Savage, Lee. "Government formation in central Europe : a comparative analysis." Thesis, University of Essex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446466.
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Caruana, Josette. "The reform of central government accounting in Malta." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4835/.
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Lüder's Financial Management Reform Process Model (2002) is used to analyse and explain the context of the accounting reform process at the central government of Malta, thus introducing Malta in the field of Comparative International Governmental Accounting Research (CIGAR). Organisational Theory that underlies this model is referred to when discussing its limitations. The qualitative research methodology required a set of interviews with actors involved in the reform process, supported by documentary research. The governmental accounting reform process in Malta is described in two phases: the environment of the first phase is assessed as conducive to change; in the second phase, stronger forces at macro level reduced this conduciveness. The long-winding reforms at central government level in Malta may only be illusory because once the statistical reporting requirements for Eurostat were achieved, the reform concept changed. The findings confirm the centrality of the budget in government accounting. The decision by the Maltese Government to adopt International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) does not appear to be well-informed and appears based on the quest for credibility. The objective of the European Union (EU)'s interest in IPSAS is also questioned since these financial reporting standards do not give budgeting particular importance, and reporting to the EU by member states is already harmonised through the ESA95.
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Cavalcante, Neto Aristides Andrade. "Fatores relevantes na construção de processos government-to-government no Banco Central do Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/3755.
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Previous issue date: 2002This dissertation seeks to recognize the factors, which are relevant to the construction of the processes Government-to-Government (G2G), and how these factors influence the success of those processes. For this research, two existing cases in Banco Central do Brasil (Bacen) were used: i) the Banco Central do Brasil (BACEN) X Senado Federal case; and the Bacen x Poder Judiciário case. The framework of this dissertation is based on the methodology of multiple study cases described by Robert Yin (2001). This work analyzed separately each of the cases and compared the results obtained in each analysis. In this way, this research aimed at analyzing the reasons that led these cases to gain such distinct outcomes, despite the existing potential benefits in each one of them. The obtained results suggest that three factors influence the success of G2G processes in a relevant way: computational safety; the culture of the organizations involved; and the capacitation of people involved. Each of these factors, according to what results showed, bring a set of considerations which should be observed by the public administrator in relation to the strategies of implementation of G2G processes.
Esta dissertação procura descobrir fatores que sejam relevantes para a construção de processos Government-to-Government (G2G) e como estes fatores influenciam no sucesso destes processos. Para a realização desta pesquisa, utilizou-se de dois casos existentes no Banco Central do Brasil (Bacen): i) o caso Bacen x Senado Federal; ii) o caso Bacen x Poder Judiciário. Para este trabalho, utilizou-se a metodologia de estudo de casos múltiplos descrita por Robert Yin (2001). Este trabalho analisou separadamente cada um dos casos e comparou os resultados obtidos em cada análise. Desta forma, esta pesquisa procurou analisar as razões que levaram estes casos a obterem resultados tão distintos, apesar dos potenciais benefícios existentes em cada um deles. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que três fatores influenciam de forma relevante o sucesso de processos G2G: segurança computacional; cultura das organizações envolvidas; e capacitação das pessoas envolvidas. Cada um destes fatores, conforme averiguado pelos resultados, trazem um conjunto de considerações que devem ser observadas pelo administrador público nas estratégias de implantação dos processos G2G.
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Maleka, Dennis Mandla. "Should the public sector (central government) borrow domestically or offshore." University of the Western Cape, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7089.
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Magister Commercii - MCom1. Taxes are an important source of government revenue (income). A failure by the government to collect sufficient taxes to cover for its ever increasing expenditures, engenders fiscal problems. Amongst others the government is compelled to borrow to finance its budget short fall. In this instance, should the government borrow domestically or offshore to finance its short fall . 2. Amongst the theories discussed in this paper, are the views of the Neoclassical Keynesian and the Ricardi an schools of thought. Further more, South African theories on government debt are also discussed. 3. There is a considerably large number of indicators that can be used to determine an appropriate level of both domestic and foreign debt of a country. Certain well establish criteria such as the ratio of foreign interest payments to exports, the ratio of foreign debt to gross domestic product, the ratio of·govemment debt to gross domestic product and the ratio of foreign debt to exports, are amongst the pool of indicators that can be used. However, the following indicators have been identified as the most commonly used in the analysis of budget deficits, and they are; ratio of deficit before borrowing and debt repayment to GDP, the ratio of government debt to GDP, the ratio of interest payments to government expenditure, the level of real interest rates relative to economic growth and the net asset value or net worth of the government. 4. Deficit financing refer to the ways in which the budgetary gap is financed. Overreliance on domestic borrowing may mean high real interest rates and falling investment, and overreliance on foreign borrowing can cause appreciating real exchange rates and unsustainable external indebtedness, amongst others. 5. Amongst the available remedies for debt ills in this country, is the suggestion to significantly cut government expenditure. However, realities currently confronting the authorities, like the increase in public servants as a result of the abolishment of homelands and the constitutionally guaranteed employment of civil servants from the old order, automatically put pressure on public consumption. 6. On the international front, South Africa is underborrowed. In this regard favour should go more for offshore borrowing. Certainly South Africa has to generate the means of meeting debt obligations by running a surplus of exports over imports of goods and services. The bulk of the country's debt is of domestic origin which account for well over 90 % of total debt. The current anti inflationary monetary policy with its concomitant high interest rates, makes domestic borrowing more costly.
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Liebrecht, Tanya Louise. "Inter-government Collaboration and the Policy Process: An assessment of Inter-government Collaboration in Central Queensland 2004 - 2006." Thesis, Griffith University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367941.
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In recent times, collaboration has remerged to become popular internationally under ‘Third Way’ politics. In Australia, governments have increasingly used it to redevelop linkages within the public sector, and to improve the policy process. Governments assume that the use of intra-governmental (e.g. between departments) and inter-governmental (e.g. between State and Local government) collaboration is highly beneficial for resolving policy problems. In Queensland, the Beattie Government embraced the idea in the late 1990s; however, there is little evidence to suggest collaboration can deliver the assumed benefits. This thesis presents a study of how intra-governmental and inter-governmental collaboration affected the policy process in Central Queensland from 2004 to 2006. Four case studies are used: the Airlie Beach/Whitsunday Integrated Development Planning Project; the Gladstone Area Infrastructure Planning Project; Central Queensland: A New Millennium; and the Yeppoon Bypass/Capricorn Integrated Development Proposal.
It is argued that, although good collaboration may enhance the policy process, poor collaboration can inhibit the process and in some cases may even prevent the achievement of policy goals. In such circumstances, it may be better not to attempt to collaborate at all. This research found that the ability of collaboration to improve or inhibit policy development depended upon a number of factors: the attitudes of participants; the personal history between the participants; the prevailing institutional culture; the broader public policy approach; the structures of government institutions; and the history of regional policy development. Evidence from the case studies indicates that under some circumstances collaboration can complicate policy development by causing the process to slow as the number of participants is increased. This may be exacerbated further by the absence of crucial decision-makers and a lack of technical capacity in the regions, which are needed to make collaboration work effectively. Conversely, the research found that collaboration can enhance the policy process, albeit under certain economic, political and institutional conditions. The choice of participants, staffing, good policy design and good process are also critical to successful collaboration. Overall, this thesis shows that, in practice, collaboration does not necessarily deliver the benefits assumed. As a consequence, governments need to consider carefully the use of collaboration to
improve the policy process because it is not a panacea that can be applied to all situations.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Al-Fares, Jamal. "Central tendering : an evaluation of the Kuwait experience." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7480.
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In 1964 the government of Kuwait established the Central Tenders Committee (CTC). Its aims were fivefold: 1) to control the major areas of government spending on services and development projects; 2) to reduce the expenses of government departments when buying from private suppliers and to ensure the highest quality of provision; 3) to organise, standardise and unite all tendering procedures for all government departments through the CTC; 4) to avoid breach of trust between government departments and employees; 5) to treat all contractors who tender with fairness and avoid favouritism throughout the tender procedures. The thesis evaluates the economic role of central tendering within a particular sociopolitical context: that of Kuwait, and highlights the organisational nature of the slow responding and highly bureaucratic CTC. The implications of this for a dynamic business culture are stressed, and the differences between the CTC as formal model and the reality are discussed. Further attention is paid to the question of who benefits from this process of tendering. It is clear that the impact on the state of this system is variable, despite the initial hopes for the CTC, but there is no obvious pattern of advantage for particular types of companies or countries. A questionnaire was circulated to a sample of CTC employees, clients, customers, and suppliers. Little has been attempted elsewhere to evaluate a CTC approach, leading to a lack of information and research. It was hoped that by the tool of the questionnaire method, light could be thrown on the relative advantagesa nd caseo f use of the CTC mechanism. The five fold aims of the CTC are recognised as being worthy and relevant, with evidence that with some exceptions all are being met to a greater or lesser degree, but that simplification of the procedures and a speeding up of the process would release many more benefits.
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Tomlinson, Isobel Jane. "Transforming British Organics : The Role of Central Government, 1980-2006." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487668.
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With clear evidence of major increases in the global market for organic food, the organic 'growth narrative' has evolved as both the central facet ofcontemporary academic examination of organic agriculture and as the dominant discourse for the organic movement itself. However, this narrative masks a dynamic complexity as changes in the organic sector have not just been ofscale but are complicit in changes to the qualitative characteristics of 'organics', The new economic, social and political contexts in which organics are now being constructed means that it is an increasingly contested term. In this context, the thesis is primarily concerned with the transformation of British organics towards being a successful market commodity and an agricultural policy instrument. With a particular focus on the political sphere, the thesis examines the evolving engagement of the British government with the UK organic movement since 1980 and the materialisation of particular policy outcomes for organic agriculture. Given the organic movement's critique of 'conventional' farming, support from government has been mixed, although the study records a progressive shift in favour of organics. It is essential to establish why organic agriculture has become a policy issue for government and, crucially, how government has dealt with the criticism of mainstream agriculture that organics contains. The thesis identifies several 'organic agricultural policy networks' to conceptualise the changing relations between the government and other interests. The study draws on the insights of an interpretative tradition which contends that policy networks are enacted by individuals. Together, these actors have constructed three different organic 'storylines' that are constituted in the particular memberships of the policy network in temporally specific sets of circumstances. An important focus, therefore, is the'tay in which the actors in the network have 'acted on organics' in the making of organic policy.
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Russel, Duncan John. "Environmental policy appraisal in UK central government : a political analysis." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426987.
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Environmental policy integration (EPI) is a strategy that aims to help institutionalise sustainable development. It seeks to overcome the sectoral tendencies inherent within government to address the environment across its constituent parts. The main tool of the UK's EPI strategy is the ex-ante application of environmental policy appraisal (EPA). Critics maintain that EPA is weakly implemented across Whitehall. However, the empirical base for these claims is limited. Therefore, this thesis employs theories and methods of political science, organisational analysis, public administration, public policy and economics to examine empirically the implementation of EPA in UK central government. Elite interviews and detailed documentary analysis are used to complete four tasks. First, the general patterns of EPA usage are mapped. Next, three in-depth case studies are presented. Then, the factors discouraging EPA, and by implication EPI, are discussed using public policy making theories of bureau-shaping, bureau-culture and policy networks. Finally, suggestions are offered to improve the cross-departmental uptake of EPA. This thesis arrives at four main findings. First, the implementation of EPA in UK central government is limited and sectorized, with departments each having separate systems and guidance to facilitate EPA production. Between 1997 and 2003 only 62 EPAs appeared to have been published. None of these fulfilled specified best practice criteria and the majority were ex-post justifications of pre-determined policy. Secondly, the underlying factors hindering EPA's cross-governmental implementation are two-fold: difficulties associated with the rational and quantitative manner in which appraisal is advocated within official guidance; and sectorization associated with endemic departmentalism. Thirdly, the weak implementation of EPA means that the whole of the UK's EPI strategy is breaking down as few policy spillovers relating to the environment are being uncovered. Consequently, this thesis concludes that the success of the UK's EPI strategy depends on two key factors: how well policy makers are stimulated to build their capacity to appraise for environmental impacts; and the willingness of the Prime Minister and other central actors in government to provide sustained leadership in order to override the sectoral tendencies of Whitehall.
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Kösecik, Muhammet. "Central-local government relations in the Thatcher years (1979-1990)." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390968.
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Vasilevskaya, Marina. "The phenomenon of federalism division of authorities, intrastate stability, and international behavior /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.
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Pinch, Philip Leslie. "Locality, local government and central government : restructuring, financial control and the local state in Reading and Swindon." Thesis, University of Reading, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.480551.
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Washington, Shakeesha K. Bailey L. Conner. "A comparative case study of regional Councils of Government in Central and East Alabama." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Fall%20Theses/Washington_Shakeesha_17.pdf.
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Vincent, Jeremy. "Relations between central government and voluntary organisations in Scotland and England." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.618672.
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Pongatichat, Panupak. "The alignment between performance measurement and strategy in central government agencies." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2005. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2601/.
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This research involved an investigation of the alignment between performance measurement and strategy in central government agencies. A review of the literature suggested that, although the topic is of great interest and importance, it has been underresearched. The context of the existing studies appears to be based primarily on for-profits/business rather than not-for-profit/public sector domain. Moreover, the existing research is mainly normative lacking supporting empirical evidence. The objectives of this research were to (1) develop greater understanding of performance measurement in the public sector, and (2) provide supporting empirical evidence in place of the normative arguments regarding the alignment between performance measurement and strategy. This research aimed to answer the question, ‘how, in central government agencies, is the alignment between performance measurement and strategy managed?’ This interpretive multiple-case research comprised of the studies of four central government agencies in Thailand. The primary data source was interview data supported by documentation. The interpretational analyses were conducted both at intra-case and inter-case levels. This research found that public officials often regarded, ‘strategy’ as equivalent to ‘policy’ and that these terms were used interchangeably. The research also found that the existing definitions of fundamental performance measurement/management terminologies did not fit comfortably with public sector management owing mainly to their lack of practical perspectives. This research proposed refined terminologies. Additionally, the research found eight advantages of stategy-misaligned performance measurement despite the absence of their recognition in the existing literature. As a result, misalignment could be preferable in some circumstances. However, public managers were under pressure to demonstrate alignment between performance measurement and strategy thus ‘alignment tensions’ occurred in practice. In order to deal with these tensions, three strategies were identified including (1) neglecting the tensions (as in ‘do-nothing strategy’), (2) attempting to realign performance measurement with strategy (as in ‘realigning strategy’), and (3) directing attention from the alignment issue (as in ‘distracting strategy’).
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Carmichael, Paul. "Central-local government relations in the 1980s : Glasgow and Liverpool compared." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262030.
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Elston, Thomas. "Reinterpreting agencies in UK central government : on meaning, motive and policymaking." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14045/.
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This thesis is a qualitative and interpretive exploration of continuity and change in the role of executive agencies in UK central government. Its three objectives are: (i) to test the longevity of the semi-autonomous agency model first introduced by Conservative governments after 1988; (ii) to explore the department-agency task division in the policymaking processes supposedly fragmented by this ‘agencification’; and (iii) to evaluate the paradigmatic testament of contemporary agency policy and practice in Whitehall. The thesis builds from an extended case study conducted during the 2010 Coalition Government in the Ministry of Justice and three of its agencies – the National Offender Management Service, HM Courts and Tribunals Service, and the Office of the Public Guardian. Social constructivist meta-theory and the application of narrative and discourse analysis together make for an account of interpretive transformation that is theorised by discursive institutionalism. Substantively, the thesis first describes an asymmetric departure from the ‘accountable management’ philosophy which the 1988 Next Steps agency programme originally epitomised. Agency meaning is multivocal, but contemporarily converges towards accountability and transparent corporate governance, rather than managerial empowerment, de-politicisation and decentralisation. Secondly, institutional preservation of the policy-delivery work dichotomy is registered, yet found to be a poor descriptor of both historic and contemporary policy processes. Agency staff act as policy initiators and collaborators, contrary to Next Steps’ quasi-contractual, principal-agent logic, and further evidencing the departmentalisation of the once arm’s-length agency model. Thirdly, and paradigmatically, while no unidirectional trend is found, the thesis adds to the growing literature positing some departure from the former ideological and practical predominance of ‘new public management’. In so doing, it also demonstrates the challenges faced by large-N population ecology and administrative systems analysis – the favoured methodology in much international agencification scholarship – in accounting for continuity and change in policy, practice and paradigm.
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MARTINEZ, BARAHONA Elena. "Seeking the Political Role of the Third Government Branch: A comparative approach to high courts in Central America." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/7931.
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Defence date: 22 January 2007Examining board: Prof. Pilar Domingo (Universidad de Salamanca) ; Prof. Carlo Guarnieri (Università di Bologna) ; Prof. Donatella Della Porta (European University Institute) ; Prof. Philippe C. Schmitter (European University Institute)(Supervisor)
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Until recently, Courts were not an important component of political science research on Latin America. The quantity of research on the judiciary does not compare even remotely to the vast literature on others institutions. However, despite the relative inattention to their role, courts are institutions whose performance has concrete and relevant effects on the socio-political system. Indeed, Courts have currently emerged as active participants in the political process offering new opportunities to citizens, social movements, interest groups, and politicians. Focusing on three countries of Central America (Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Guatemala), this dissertation illustrates how far the political system in these countries is shaped in significant ways by the role of Courts as political institutions. Throughout a comparative approach, this study offers what may be the first cross-national analysis explicitly designed to serve as a comprehensive measure of the political role of High Courts.
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Hoffman, Barak Daniel. "Political accountability at the local level in Tanzania." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3229904.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed October 11, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 223-232).
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Hustedt, Thurid, and Jan Tiessen. "Central government coordination in Denmark, Germany and Sweden : an institutional policy perspective." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/813/.
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The paper analyses the processes of central government coordination in Denmark, Germany and Sweden. First it gives an account of the existing coordination patterns, second it analyses changes within these coordination patterns over time and finally it asks, whether these changes can be attributed to an intentional institutional design. To answer this set of questions, we introduce an institutional policy analytic perspective to the study of central government change. This perspective focuses on central actors, interests, strategic motivations and the degree of the actors reflexivity as a promoter of intentional institutional change in government coordination.
The empirical analysis shows the prevalence of negative coordination as the dominant pattern of coordination in all three countries. However, country-specific constitutional and political traditions result in a variety of different coordination techniques actually used. The paper concludes by identifying three different patterns of change, depending on the degree of change and the reflexivity involved : "fragmented institutional politics" in Denmark, "policy-driven institutional politics" in Germany and "adaptive and symbolic institutional politics" in the case of Sweden.
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Ackiss, Jason R., and V. Pavan Balaji. "Analysis of United States Air Forces Central government purchase card reachback viability." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10718.
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Joint Applied Project[Administration]
This project investigates the viability of performing United States Air Forces Central (USAFCENT) government purchase card (GPC) purchases by utilizing reachback services. The study analyzed FY 2011 data to include the number of deployed contingency contracting officers (CCOs), GPC actions, and total contract actions at each Expeditionary Contracting Squadron. Using this data, models were developed that showed potential reductions in deployed CCOs if GPC actions were sent from USAFCENT area of responsibility to a stateside reachback cell. The study provides recommendations based on the potential reductions of deployed CCOs. One such recommendation is to stand up a test reachback cell. This cell will employ the recommended number of personnel developed by the models in this project..
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Marcus, Kenneth H. "A question of privilege : élites and central government in Württemberg, 1495-1593." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272856.
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BOLLEYER, Nicole. "Internal government dynamics and the nature of intergovernmental relations : constraints and corridors of organizational adaptation in federal systems." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/7039.
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Defence date: 7 May 2007Examining Board: Prof. Tanja A. Börzel (Free University of Berlin) ; Prof. Adrienne Héritier (European University Institute) ; Prof. Peter Mair (European University Institute) ; Prof. Alberta Sbragia (University of Pittsburgh)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
Over the past decades, governments have increasingly been confronted with problems that transcend their boundaries. A multitude of policy fields are affected, including environment, trade and security. Responding to the challenges triggered by Europeanization and globalization, governments increasingly interact across different spheres of authority. Both theoretically and empirically, the puzzle of institutional choice reflected by the variety of arrangements in which intergovernmental cooperation takes place inside individual countries and across their borders remains surprisingly under-explored. In an attempt to solve this puzzle, the dissertation tackles the following questions: Why are the intergovernmental arrangements governments set up to deal with boundary-crossing problems so different? To what extent do these institutional differences affect the effectiveness of intergovernmental cooperation? To address this gap theoretically and empirically, this book adopts a deductive, rationalist approach to institution-building. It argues that internal politics, the type of executive-legislative relations within the interacting governments, explains the nature of institutions set up to channel intergovernmental processes: while power-sharing governments engage in institution-building, power-concentrating governments avoid it. It also shows that these institutional choices matter for the output of intergovernmental cooperation. The approach is applied to Canada, Switzerland, the United States, and finally the European Union. Disaggregating individual government units, the theoretical approach reveals how intragovernmental micro-incentives drive macro-dynamics and thereby addresses the neglect of horizontal dynamics in multilevel systems. The willingness and capacity of lower-level governments to solve collective problems on their own and to oppose central encroachment are crucial to understand the power distribution in different systems and their long-term evolutions.
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Barry, Janice Marie. "Building collaborative institutions for government-to-government planning : The Nanwakolas Council’s involvement in Central Coast Land and Resource Management Planning." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31717.
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This dissertation expands institutionalist approaches to the study of collaborative governance through a case study of Aboriginal-State planning arrangements in coastal British Columbia. As one of the province’s lengthiest resource planning exercises, spanning several significant court rulings, the Central Coast Land and Resource Management Planning (CCLRMP) process has emerged as a key site for examining the interface between land use planning and Aboriginal reconciliation. First Nations’ rights, title and government status were, at least partially, acknowledged through the development of new ‘government-to-government’ (G2G) structures and approaches to collaborative land use planning. This dissertation adopts a case study method and is approached through the lens of the Nanwakolas Council, the only First Nation coalition to be involved in the entire CCLRMP process. In-depth interviews and document analysis are used to identify the dimensions of institutional change. Micro and macro-level interactions are analyzed through the use and refinement of three conceptual frames: 1) historical institutionalism’s treatment of external shocks and punctuated evolution (Pierson & Skopol 2002; True et al. 1999); 2) the grammar of institutions (Crawford & Ostrom 1995); and 3) the institutional capacity development framework (Healey et al. 2003; Magalhães et al. 2002).
G2G planning is found to be a result of the convergence of key changes in the internal and external environments. Changing relationships between non-governmental and corporate actors outside the official CCLRMP process combined with significant court decisions to create the impetus for change. Equally important were the ways in which these macro-level changes were interpreted and acted upon within the CCLRMP process. New strategies were enacted and more streamlined relational networks were created, which facilitated greater information exchange, increased rapport and, ultimately, allowed for the development of alternate policy frames. Emergent planning practices and relationships were formalized and expanded through five G2G protocol agreements. Beyond these more substantive research findings, the study also contributes to the growing body of literature that links planning and new institutional theory. It introduces new methodological orientations and analytical tools, while also extending existing conceptual frames to clarify the relationships between the different dimensions and drivers of institutional change.
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McDermott, E. "The accountability of audit in central government in Ireland : bridging any expectations gap." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679258.
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The Irish Constitution defines the key public accountability role of the Comptroller and Auditor General in the audit of central government, reported through the forum of the Committee of Public Accounts (PAC). The purpose of the research is to consider how central government audit and their oversight and reporting mechanisms, played out in a public forum, could address any perceived expectations gap and therefore contribute to improved governance and accountability. The PAC, through its conduct of meetings, review of C&AG reports and in its subsequent reporting, may inadvertently contribute to the widening of the audit expectations gap. A documentary review of PAC meeting transcripts of scrutiny and deliberations was carried out over a period of seven years. In the review, regard was given to the audit concepts and expectations gap definitions as summarised from the international research. The absence or deficiency in the application of those concepts identified areas where expectations gap issues arise and objectively framed the consideration of what could be done to reduce the accountability expectations gap pertaining to central government audit, including internal audit. The research identified a number of factors that lead to ongoing difficulties of the PAC and C&AG in the discharge of their accountability duties and had contributed to the expectations gap. The research uniquely showed some aspects of the PAC's public examination and deliberative processes requiring improvement, with clear audit expectations gap bridging benefits. This research showed a significant deference of the PAC to media reporting of matters of public accountability of common interest. The research showed a prolific and commendable output of the C&AG with limited resources and a consequential significant workload for the PAC. Accordingly, the PAC needs to refrain from deliberations on extraneous matters or matters that it cannot influence or outside its remit.
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Babú, Priecha Achevincumar. "E-government : os cidadãos e os serviços electrónicos da Administração Pública Central Portuguesa." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8424.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão e Políticas PúblicasRESUMO Nos últimos 40 anos, o uso crescente das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação, principalmente da Internet, em toda parte do Mundo, tem vindo a trazer mudanças na vida das pessoas. Esta tendência gerou a necessidade dos Governos e das Administrações Públicas adoptarem no seu seio as novas tecnologias e beneficiarem das mesmas. EGovernment tem como objectivo aproximar os Governos e Administrações Públicas dos cidadãos, das empresas e das próprias estruturas internas da Administração para prestarem melhores serviços públicos, através dos serviços electrónicos. Portugal, comparado com outros países da União Europeia, apresenta níveis elevados de disponibilidade e sofisticação dos serviços públicos básicos electrónicos da administração pública central, no entanto, é necessário conhecer o uso e os proveitos que são retirados destes serviços. Assim, da abordagem directa (Inquéritos) posta em prática, reconheceram-se resultados que contribuem para um melhor conhecimento da perspectiva dos cidadãos de Loures.
ABSTRACT The twenty-first century, have marked the people’s life in everywhere in the world, because of the increasing use of Information Technologies and Communication, especially the Internet. This trend has generated the need for Governments and Public Administrations insert in his bosom new technologies and enjoy the same. E-Government aims to bring together Governments and Public Administrations of citizens, businesses and own internal structures to provide better public services through electronic services. Portugal, compared to other EU countries, has high levels of availability and sophistication of electronic basic public services however, it is necessary to know the use and income of these electronic services. Thus, this study will contribute to a better understanding of the perspective of the citizens of Loures, by conducting inquiry investigations and treatment for this purpose.
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Cha, Jong Hyuk. "Performance of public sector information systems projects : the case of UK Central Government." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/performance-of-public-sector-information-systems-projects-the-case-of-uk-central-government(9fbd1f66-1c68-47d3-a9ea-f1e296ba5406).html.
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Despite the continuous need to enhance the value of public services, information systems projects in the public sector still underperform due to their high velocity of change and strategic ambiguity. Diverse studies have been carried out examining ‘project capabilities’ to contribute to the efficiency of information systems project management. However, most studies of project capabilities focus heavily on the project execution that aims for successful implementation of systems. This supplier-oriented approach leads to overlooking the significance of a project owner’s benefits realisation after implementing the information systems. Moreover, this formulation of project capabilities also does not distinguish between dynamic capabilities for benefits realisation and operational capabilities for project execution. For these reasons, the realisation of a project owner’s information systems benefits has still been far from satisfactory, in addition to having a poor rate of project success. In order to address this issue, this thesis develops a more nuanced perspective on project capabilities by distinguishing the dynamic capabilities of owners from the operational capabilities of suppliers and by developing the concept of owner dynamic capabilities. This is followed by analysis of the importance of benefits management as an owner dynamic capability. The aim of this study is to contribute to a deeper understanding of why public sector information systems projects are so challenging and how the project owner’s information systems benefits can be accelerated. A content analysis method was adopted, and 10 years of National Audit Office Value-for-Money reports were analysed covering 31 information systems projects. Theoretically the concept of ‘owner dynamic capabilities’ is introduced, and the experience of UK central government information systems projects is empirically reviewed. The results bring a key implication by showing the significance of benefits management as a distinctive ‘project back-end’ owner dynamic capability. This thesis makes three main contributions to the current literature in information systems project and benefits management. First, the concept of owner dynamic capability is introduced and theorised based on a unique data set of major public sector information systems projects. Second, the importance of project back-end capability is revealed as a distinctive dynamic capability, which owners require to move their information systems investment from practical completion (the system works as expected) to beneficial use (the system delivers the expected business benefits). Third, the key findings provide the future research agenda for project management disciplines.
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Teichgräber, Martin H. (Martin Hubert). "Political Parties in Central America: A Reassessment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500670/.
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Studies of political parties in Latin America have often been descriptive and not directed to link a theoretical foundation about political parties with qualitative or quantitative empiricism. This was in part because parties in the region were usually perceived as rather unimportant in the political arena. This study attempts to correct this often unjustified proposition by focusing on the development of political parties in five Central American countries: Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. The analysis focuses particularly on the relationship between party fragmentation, party polarization, the level of democracy, and socio-economic modernization. The quantitative analysis uses a cross-national longitudinal research design and tries to overcome shortcomings in prior descriptive approaches based on case studies. The overall findings show that party fragmentation and party polarization are positively related to the level of democracy in Central America.
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Johnson, Kevin. "Subnational economic development in federal systems : the case of Western Australia." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0014.
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[Truncated abstract] The objectives of this study are threefold: Firstly, to consider the relevance (to subnational state development) and adaptability (to globalisation) of federalism from a Western Australian perspective. Secondly, to consider the way in which various State Governments in Western Australia have implemented economic development policies to benefit from the global political economy. Finally, it proposes alternative mechanisms for guiding long-term economic development policy decision-making in Western Australia. This final objective is addressed in light of the findings of the first two. It is recognised that incremental changes are possible in full knowledge of the embedded nature of the policy-making process in Western Australia . . . In the case of Western Australia, subnational autonomy does not herald the end of the nationstate so much as a new stage in globalisation. In terms of how the Western Australian State Government attracts capital and labour investment, its history as an independent colony and its physical isolation from the other colonies have created the initial conditions that frame the policy-making process, which includes a set of drivers influencing the decisions that are made by State agents. Overall, the State Government continues to reinforce the State’s role as a peripheral resource supplier to the national and global political economy. Within this context, however, alternative strategies can be proposed that may contribute to the long-term sustainable development of the State’s economy.
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Krantz, Tobias. "Makten över regionen en idékritisk studie av svensk regiondebatt, 1963-1996 /." Uppsala : [Distribution, Uppsala University Library], 2002. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/50192677.html.
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CORVO, LUIGI. "Performance management in the public sector: an analysis of italian central government and a comparison of italian and flemish local government." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/203355.
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Lin, Chia-ju, and 林家如. "Accessibility of Governmental Websites - An Evaluation on the Central Government Agencies." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10772399898981168603.
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碩士世新大學
行政管理學研究所(含博、碩專班)
91
The Internet has emerged as one of the most prevalent forms of communication media. Gathering and sharing of Electronic information are becoming essential elements of modern life. Access to the Internet largely decides whether of not one can survive the increasingly turbulent and networked world. Therefore, it is important to ensure that everyone has equal opportunity to benefit from the Web sites, especially those of the governments. While there is an increasing portion of people with disabilities in the society due to the demographic trends long documented by many research, the government leaders have paid little attention to their needs when planning and implementing Web projects. If the ignorance continues, people with disabilities will be even more disadvantaged since acquiring knowledge is much easier now for the other people. This study is intended to provide an in-depth evaluation on the Web sites of Taiwan's central government based on the Web Accessibility Guidelines (WAI) provided by W3C. Based on the WAI indicators, the authors carefully studied and coded each individual Web site of the central governmental agencies. The coding results indicate that the government Web sites in general have made many of the mistakes as predicted. Among the most problematic are, the
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Liu, Shu-ling, and 劉淑鈴. "The Optimal Central Government Debt in Taiwan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14719099587218981230.
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碩士逢甲大學
財稅學系
104
This study uses time series data for empirical analysis to explore the optimal public debt ratio of central government in the pursuit of maximizing economic growth. The research sample is taken from data during years 1976-2014. In an empirical model, a linear equation is used to describe the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate in terms of the public debt ratio of central government, square of public debt ratio of central government, and total value of money supply (M2) growth rate, growth rate of unemployment rate, and growth rate of government capital expenditures, thereby deriving the optimal public debt ratio. The results showed that at 1% significant level, Central government public debt ratio to gross domestic product growth rate in real terms of regression coefficient is positive, the ratio of the square of the regression coefficient is negative. It is derived that the optimal public debt ratio of central government in terms of nominal GDP is 18.59%. The public debt ratio of central government in 2015 is 35.6% which by far exceeding this ratio, indicating the issue of public debt is extremely urgent. Government should really thoroughly review such problem and carefully handle it.
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吳美玲. "The perception of outsourcingin central government officers." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27450462905088549063.
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碩士國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
98
Outsourcing services is an important business strategy to promote administrative reform and reinventing for many governments in recent years. The privatization of government business is to streamline human resources and improve its finance. In fact, outsourcing services not only helps to resolve the "double Central Dilemma "(Catch-22Situation) issue, but also improves the efficiency and quality of government services. Under this strategy, the executive branch actors from central government become supervisors and, private businesses, in charge of the actual implementation of those policies. Outsourcing can solve many problems within an organization, but may also create new risks for the organization.Therefore, organizations must consider their characteristics and environmental contexts to produce the maximum benefit and ensure that outsourcing services matches their strategic objectives. Purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of labor outsourcing from central government. We designed questionnaires to get feedback from the officals from these authorities. We applied computer statistical software SPSS for Window 12.0 version on this survey data. In all dimensions of performance measurement indicators, "professional quality dimensions," gets the highest average, followed by "the overall efficiency of dimension", and "satisfaction with the outcome dimensions of" gets the least attention of all. In the discrepancy analysis on importance cognition under different samples, the target varies with the sex, age, rank, department, year in service, and has outsourcing business or not. By Performance Indicators, we have done an empirical research based on the officals from central government to extracting out the cognitive situation of the importance of performance indicators from officials viewpoint. This result can be used as a reference to apply outsourcing in central government.It can help to cost less but have higher performance or higher return on investment to remedy the current defects. This result can also be used for the performance measures to improve the overall competitiveness of our government.
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Li-MinChang and 張莉敏. "Determinants of Taiwan's Central Government Debt Balance." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38172259932578879975.
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碩士國立成功大學
財務金融研究所碩士在職專班
102
Determinants of Taiwan's central government debt balance Li Min Chang Dr. TsingZai C. Wu Graduate Institute of Finance , National Cheng Kung University SUMMARY The study is focusing on the factors affecting the central government debt balance. The variables are the real GDP, and the main revenues and expenditures of the central government. The model used is Least Squares Regression Model. The study indicates the following: the central government debt balance has a positive correlation with real GDP, educational/scientific/cultural expenditures and the new pension fund expenditure, while the central government debt balance has a negative correlation with national defense expenditures. The biggest fiscal problem of our nation is the inflexibility of our expenditure structure. As a result, the resolution is to prevent excessive tax reduction and to raise funds from various sources. In terms of public expenditure, the government shall elevate the efficiency of policy implementation and avoid unnecessary expenditures so as to efficiently solve the current fiscal difficulty. Key words：Government Debt Balance,GDP,Revenues,Expenditures INTERODUCTION The crisis of Euro debts in 2009 brings up the economic recession in the world. The public starts paying attention to the credit of nations. The fiscal deficit of Taiwan is on the peak. People begin worried about whether Taiwan will become next Greece. Finance is the foundation of public affairs; therefore, sound finance will make the macroeconomics development of a nation smooth and increase the competitive edge of a nation. Therefore, we begin thinking what are the primary factors that affect the government debts. The study focuses on the central government and tries to find out the factors that affect the government debt balance so as to improve the fiscal difficulty of the central government. Eisner and Pieper (1987) researched based on the samples of the US and 34 countries from OECD during the period of 1973 to 1988. E Al-Khedair(1996), by adopting multiple regression analysis, researched based on the samples of G7 during the period of 1964 to 1993. The studies indicated that budget deficit has a positive correlation with economic growth. Karagol and Sezgin (2004), by adopting Probit model, analyzed the relationship between national defense expenditures and public debt of Turkey during the period of 1955 to 2000. Kolias et al.(2004), by adopting multiple regression analysis, analyzed the relationship between national defense expenditures and public debt of Greece during the period of 1960 to 2001. Their studies indicated that national defense expenditures have a positive correlation with public debt. The study looks into the factors determining the central government debt balance. The period covered by the study is 34 years ranging from 1980 to 2013. The dependent variables are the central government debt balance. The independent variables are real GDP, expenditures for education, science ＆ culture, expenditures for national defense, expenditures for social welfare, expenditures for retirement and condolence, expenditures for economic development, revenues form taxes, surplus of public enterprises, revenues from properties and fees and revenues from fines. The model used is the Least Squares Regression Model. The study indicates the following: the central government debt balance has a positive correlation with real GDP, educational/scientific/cultural expenditures and the new pension fund expenditure, while the central government debt balance has a negative correlation with national defense expenditures. MATERIALS AND METHODS The primary independent variables of the study are as follows; (1) Real GDP: The base period is 2006. The real GDP is calculated by taking into account the deflators and inflation. (2) Expenditures for education, science ＆ culture: Educational investment is a kind of human resource investment which is advantageous to elevating the national competitive edge. Our government always emphasize on compiling educational budget. (3) Expenditures for new pension fund: The public service pension fund will pay for the public servants who are on board after July 1, 1995 and the public servants opting for the old pension fund who accumulated service years after the new pension fund comes into effect. (4) Expenditures for national defense: National defense is the protection of national security. Therefore, expenditures for national defense always play an important role for governmental expenditures. The study method adopted is the Least Squares Regression Model. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The study indicates the following: The government debt balance (1) has a positive correlation with GDP to the extent of 1%, i.e., the positive correlation is within our expectation; (2) has a positive correlation with expenditures for education, science ＆ culture to the extent of 10%, i.e., the positive correlation is within our expectation; (3) has a positive correlation with expenditures for new pension fund to the extent of 5%, i.e., the positive correlation is within our expectation; and (4) has a negative correlation with expenditures for national defense to the extent of 5%, i.e., the negative correlation is within our expectation. The correlation with other variables is not noticeable. CONCLUSION The central government debt balance has a positive correlation with real GDP. This is because the government expands public construction expenditures for recent years. Although the policy improves economic growth, it makes the central government debt go up. E expenditures for education, science ＆ culture and expenditures for new pension funds have a positive correlation with the government debt balance. This is because after customary expenditures are increasing, customary revenue surplus that may be applied to capital expenditures is decreasing. In order to maintain capital expenditures, the government raises debts to respond. The central government debt balance has a negative correlation with expenditures for national defense. This is because the expenditures for national defense out of the central government total expenditures are decreasing due to the fact that the tense of the Taiwan Strait is easing up and the policy of the government is changing.
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Tsai, Mei-Nar, and 蔡美娜. "A Study on Fiscal Transparency of Central Government." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94160817310878161411.
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碩士臺灣大學
政治學研究所
96
In 1990s, after the Mexican Peso crisis and the Asian Financial crisis, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) both recognized that one of the key aspects for good governance is to increase fiscal transparency. Therefore, these two international organizations successively constructed overall frameworks to strengthen government''s financial disclosure. On the contrary, in Taiwan, the imbalance of fiscal information is not only less weighted than the unbalance budget, but also reveals the problems of government''s financial bases, which may additionally increase the budget deficit. This research applies the public choice theory to review the government failure in Taiwan''s domestic fiscal information, and the interaction relations among main budget decision-makers that including the public, interest groups, political figures and bureaucrats. Thereafter, comparing Taiwan''s current information disclosure policies with OECD’s Best Practices for Budget Transparency, IMF’s The Code of Good Practices on Fiscal Transparency, and The Government Financial Statistics Manual 2001. Furthermore, by adopting 17 measurement criteria from the result of 2007 OECD Budget Practices and Procedures survey, I take further step to construct and grade fiscal information transparency index among leading countries and Taiwan. My research finds that in the study of year 2007 along with covering 38 countries, Taiwan only receives 7 points out of 17 in the fiscal information transparency index grade, far behind her rival nation South Korea with 10.75 points ranking in the 11th. Taiwan has obvious fiscal information gaps mainly in the following areas, including the vague definitions of government sectors, the incomplete report regarding the size of government''s spending, the Public Debt Act''s statistics connotations do not follow international standards, lacking of properly stating the fiscal risks, discontinuing the medium-term fiscal extrapolations, and the reading disability in annual budget documentations and audited report due to its complex contents. In order to improve Taiwan''s fiscal information disclosure mechanics, my suggestions are, first, considering editing a consolidated fiscal report of the central government that clearly defines the category of the government sector. Secondly, following the international definition to redefine the Public Debt Act and appropriately expressing key fiscal risks. Thirdly, abolishing the special budget or specifically pointing out its criteria, further severely examining, eliminating or merging the non-profit special funds. Fourthly, continuing to issue the medium-term fiscal extrapolations and publishing related economic assumptions. Fifthly, bringing the long-term fiscal report regularly, and assessing the budgetary implications of demographic change. Sixthly, guiding government''s accounting system toward to the accrual basis and adding the long-term liabilities and fixed assets into the Balance Sheet. Seventhly, publishing the guidebook to read budget and the easy reading version of the annual budget and final account reports. Last but not least, continuing to adopt the information technology in preparing the government''s budget and accounting tasks. For doing so, it will not only reducing the cost for disclosure information but is also one of the important links to improve the fiscal information disclosure system.
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Tan, Tsung-Pao, and 譚宗保. "The Research of Central Government Organizational Law Change." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42925740412522269129.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
政治學系研究所
86
The research is aim to analyze the change of central government organization al law. The purpose of this study is to provide an objective view by discussi ng two law change projects. Hopfully with this study we will find out the adve ntage and limits of the change projects.Then,provide the applicable policy sug gestions of the inventing government.
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Hu, Chao-tien, and 胡照典. "A Study on the Liabilities of Central Government." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96001440304974640740.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
會計系碩士班
101
Taiwan has become one of the zero-external-debt country after paying the last external-debt U.S $238.2 thousand (approximately N.T $ 7,050,000) on September 15th,2011. But,by the end of January,2013,the Ministry of Finance showed the latest debt news on its’website. Over one-year outstanding public debt was N.T. $ 5,094.5 billion and the short-term outstanding public debt was N.T.$ 285 billion. Everyone afford the debt N.T.$231 thousand.It seems that the rate hadn’t exceed of outstanding public debt to GNP,but add the contingent debt must exceed the rate of outstanding public debt to GNP. The Central Government General Budget of 2013 edited by The Execute Yuan showed the disclosure of government-contingent-debt and non-government-contingent-debt in Financial Statement since 2009. By the end of July,2012,every government predict the contingent debt was N.T. $ 14,905.2 billion,that was 2.9 times the over one-year outstanding public debt in January,2013. How to control the outstanding public debt and the contingent debt and avoid bankruptcy crisis are key issues.
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Hung, An-pae, and 洪安培. "Analysis of Central Government Efficiency and Equality Tendencies in Determining Financial Allocations for Local Governments." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23907517580235796576.
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碩士東吳大學
經濟學系
94
A critical issue confronting local government finances is the lack of quantity and unevenness in distribution. Disputes over the allocation of Central Government’s grants to local governments have always been a particular source of contention as well. If efficiency is represented by overall maximum growth in the national income, while equality is defined by the average amount of financial resources allocated to each person in each region, then the issue we wish to discuss is whether Taiwan’s Central Government tends towards efficiency or equality in its distribution of grants to local governments. In this study by Behrman and Craig Model we intend to examine the situation in regard to grants in Taiwan over the past twenty years to see how much the average amount of grants per person compares to the increase in each person’s average income, as well as how much the Central Government favors particular regions due to their regional characteristics. In terms of grants, the Central Government exhibits a clear aversion to inequality, indicating that equality is its basic consideration. When it comes to distribution of the Centrally Allocated Tax Revenues, aversion of inequality is not detected, indicating that efficiency is a more important consideration. In addition, regional variables lead to unequal concern about how the Central Government allocates funding to local governments, such as education at the college level and above.
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簡佑珊. "Determinants of Grants from Central Government to Local Government in Taiwan—Spatial Econometric Analysis." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5cbe96.
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Chen, I.-Hua, and 陳奕樺. "The Study on General Accounting System of Government in R.O.C:The Case of Central Government." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89655454025591938248.
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碩士逢甲大學
公共政策所
94
The general accounting report of the government is the financial language of a government; externally, it can comprehensively demonstrate the integral policy performance of the government; internally, it can act as the sign-post to evaluate the past and the plan for the future. Though the general accounting system of our central government has long been stipulated since 1931; the central government remain unable today to conduct regulations according to the system by submitting monthly accounting reports on their organization or fund unil budget as original evidence to conduct accounting procedures and complete general accounting report, which will act to provide useful information for financial decision making. Acting otherwise, the general accounting information of our central government is not functioning as it should to help deal with managing financial information. As result, when the situation of levels government worsens and comparative resources get less, it is necessary that the general accounting system managing the entirety of the government financial resources has to be realized and implemented. In view of it, this study is conducted to investigate the reasons why the general accounting system of our central government cannot be realized, and it is hoped to construe a feasible accounting system for our central government . This study is based on “Central General Accounting System” as its object of study. First of all, it will conduct a comprehensive study on the content of system, clarify defects of the system, work along with site inspection, and appreciate the situation of actual operation of current general accounting of the central government against current regulation and system. As being indicated in the questionnaire survey as well as taking present accounting professionals as its objective of investigation, it will explore the problems confronted by these professionals in practice, content of the system, and their opinions about re-stipulating current general accounting system with the central government. It is found from the research results that the scope of implementation of the general accounting system of the central government, system structure, definition of accounting subject, and the part of illustration of sub-directory are either be in a catch situation. Furthermore, since this system has not been reviewed in coordination with development and pulses of the times, it has, in reality, become obstruction to implementation, especially those listed examples of interpretation for the sub-directory of the system as it is unlikely for one to learn as why is there occurrence of loan from the static balance sheet of each subject from the organization budget or funding? It is the gemeral accounting system of the central government stands as the primary and crucial factor so that it cannot be realized. Based on the results of the study, comments and recommendations would be put forth, aside from areas of inappropriateness, uncertainty, and inconsistency from the content of system, and render resolution by proposing “accounting trail balance of the organization or fund of unil budget” regarding the unworkable parts of the illustration in the sub-directory. Then example of interpretation is conducted to confirm its feasibility, in the hope of furnishing current government accounting system to achieve the workability of theory with practice so that the financial management function of accounting information can be well demonstrated.
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"七八年後的中央地方關係以及其政治意涵." 1998. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889533.
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凌友詩.本論文於1997年9月15日呈交.
論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 1998.
附參考文獻
中英文摘要.
Ling Youshi.
Chapter 第一章 --- 緖論
Chapter 第一節 --- 本論文的研究焦點與研究目的 --- p.1
Chapter 第二節 --- 文獻回顧 --- p.8
Chapter 第三節 --- 本論文主要內容 --- p.21
Chapter 第四節 --- 系統論及其在本論文中的應用 --- p.25
Chapter 第五節 --- 歷史制度學派及其在本論文中的應用 --- p.30
Chapter 第六節 --- 本論文研究範疇(Scope) --- p.34
Chapter 第七節 --- 本論文的資料來源 --- p.39
Chapter 第二章 --- 中國政治系統的意識形態與政治文化 --- p.40
Chapter 第一節 --- 蘇維埃國家的意識形態與政治文化 --- p.42
Chapter 第二節 --- 政治文化與中央地方關係 --- p.49
Chapter 第三節 --- 經濟改革與政治改革對政治文化的影響 --- p.55
Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.58
Chapter 第三章 --- 中國政治系統的權力結構-中央政府與地方政府 --- p.61
Chapter 第一節 --- 分工性地方分權 --- p.64
Chapter 第二中 --- 央集權的立法體制 --- p.68
Chapter 第三節 --- 中央政府對地方政府的授權方式 --- p.71
Chapter 第四節 --- 民主集中制的廣泛應用 --- p.73
Chapter 第五節 --- 「條條」與「塊塊」 --- p.84
Chapter 第六節 --- 體制改革與權力結構 --- p.88
Chapter 第七節 --- 小結 --- p.96
Chapter 第四章 --- 中國政治系統的權力結構- 共產黨對地方政府的領導 --- p.98
Chapter 第一節 --- 政治、思想組織的領導 --- p.99
Chapter 第二節 --- 組織的領導一地方黨委和黨組 --- p.103
Chapter 第三節 --- 人事方面的領導一「黨管幹部」 --- p.109
Chapter 第四節 --- 政治體制改革對「共產黨領導」的影響 --- p.114
Chapter 第五節 --- 改革開放後加強黨的領導 --- p.121
Chapter 第六節 --- 小結 --- p.131
Chapter 第五章 --- 政治系統的秩序與凝聚力的來源-集團政治 --- p.132
Chapter 第一節 --- 對兩個有關中央控制地方的研究的補充 --- p.136
Chapter 第二節 --- 共產黨作為一個「集團」在政治分析上的重要性 --- p.139
Chapter 第三節 --- 省級精英研究一領導幹部的出身背景 --- p.144
Chapter 第四節 --- 省級精英研究一領導幹部的仕進模式 --- p.153
Chapter 第五節 --- 省級精英研究一領導幹部的交叉任職 --- p.163
Chapter 第六節 --- 在經濟建設的同時加強黨的建設 --- p.170
Chapter 第七節 --- 小結 --- p.176
Chapter 第六章 --- 經濟管理權下放的意涵及影響 --- p.178
Chapter 第一節 --- 權力下放在整個政治系統裡的意義 --- p.179
Chapter 第二節 --- 八〇年代下放的經濟管理權 --- p.184
Chapter 第三節 --- 經濟管理權下放後的地方現象 --- p.189
Chapter 第四節 --- 從地方投資行為看地方利益的性質 --- p.193
Chapter 第五節 --- 地方問題的成因及其根本解決 --- p.200
Chapter 第六節 --- 小結 --- p.211
Chapter 第七章 --- 地方分歧的典型個案 --- p.212
Chapter 第一節 --- 七八年後中央處理地方分歧的原則 --- p.213
Chapter 第二節 --- 上海要求調整財稅分成 --- p.216
Chapter 第三節 --- 八五年海南汽車倒賣事件 --- p.222
Chapter 第四節 --- 葉選平邀集各省代表反對中央經濟緊縮政策 --- p.229
Chapter 第五節 --- 小結 --- p.237
Chapter 第八章 --- 全文總結 --- p.239
參考文獻 --- p.254
中文文獻 --- p.254
英文文獻 --- p.262
附表 --- p.274
49
KE-SHIN, LIN, and 林可欣. "Operational Efficiency on Proprietary Funds of the Central Government." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46011307373360217343.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
會計學系
91
The proprietary funds, which belong to central government, are settled as businesses organizations according to economic construction, social development and multi-public affairs organizations. However, these funds are not easy for public to oversee, due to their variety and complicated businesses that are not easy to go deep into. Finally, many defects are arousing. Besides, the funds bring many defects all the time, for the management of these funds are only focus on budget-achieved, but neglect to control cost and to use the resource efficiently. The operational efficiency of the proprietary funds should be raised and looked upon, especially when the financial of our government is getting tough. The purpose of this research is for judge how the funds are operating and inspect the relative efficiency among the funds. We analyze the operation from 87 to 90 of the 13 funds based upon the DEA model. We try to develop an objective formula to estimate the overall efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency for each fund. The results will become reference for future distribution. Besides, in order to prove that the DEA model is suitable to analyze these multi-input and multi-output non-benefit organizations, we draw back the range of the funds to add the relative similarity. We take the 10 airports, which belong to CAA Operating Fund as the research sample for discuss the operating efficiency. Finally, in order to mark up for the defect that DEA model cannot make beyond yearly analyze, we adapt Malmquist productivity index to make long-term analyze and to compare for realizing how the technique and efficiency changes. According to the result: 1.First, in accordance with the proprietary fundsWe examine the percentage of business plans carry-out working, and then find that there are 2 efficient funds and 3 more inefficient funds during the sampling survey. The inefficient result depends upon pure technical inefficiency. Refer to productivity changes, there are only 3 funds’ productivity raise within 3 years when we compare with those of 87’ year. The other funds have unstable productivity changes. Second, when we estimate the operating revenue condition of each fund, there are only 2 efficient funds and 2 more inefficient funds during the sampling survey. When we compare with the funds in 87’, there are 4 funds with raised productivity, the other funds with declined producticity. The decrease of productivity depends upon pure technical inefficiency and scale inefficiency. 2.Refer to airports, which belong to CAA Operating FundDuring the sampling survey, there are 4 funds efficient each year, the other are inefficient, which are caused by both pure technical inefficiency and scale inefficiency. Regarding to productivity changes, in 88’ year, only 7 airports have raise productivity. During the rest 2 years, all airports have declined productivity. Technical retrogression is the main reason, which leads to productivity decline.
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XIANG, LIU WEN, and 劉文祥. "Pay Flexibility in the U.K. and U.S. Central Government." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37864767493071102834.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
政治學研究所
90
The reform of pay systems in the public service has been motivated both by the search for increased flexibility in pay and employment and by the desire to contain the public sector pay bill. The OECD countries have been experimenting variety of public pay reform since 1980''s, including decentralizing, performance-related pay, broadbanding, etc. This thesis aims to analyze the types of pay-determining mechanism and pay reform measures in the OECD countries. Specific countries include the United Kingdom and the United States. Their experiences will be categorized and further analyzed to establish an effective comparison with the institutional framework of this country. Five main aspects have been chosen to classify the different pay systems: (1) decentralization of pay determination; (2) pay band; (3) annual pay-bill adjustment; (4) pay negotiation (collective bargaining); (5) individual performance-based pay. With the resulting analysis, the ROC government, in its way of restructuring the democratized regime, can learn to establish a competitive public service that recruit and retain competent and adequate public employees.