Relevant bibliographies by topics / Central government

Academic literature on the topic 'Central government'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Central government"

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Kartal, Nazım, Gökhan Tuncel, and Oguzhan Göktolga. "Local Governments And Government of Cities in Turkey." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 5, no. 1 (February 11, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v5i1.6858.

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At this study, local government structure of Turkey is tried to be analysed. Urban administration of Turkey may be analysed three dimensionally: First dimension is central government and the city; the second is provincial organizations of central government and the third dimension is local governments and city. Therefore, when talking about “administration of cities in Turkey”, central government, its local organizations and especially the local governments should be mentioned. In this context, at this study initially cities in Turkey will be examined from the perspective of administration, then, central administration and central administration’s provincial organiations will be examined from the perspective of city governmnet. Finally two local government structures, “special provinicial administration” and “municipalities” will be examined.
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Dror, Yehezkel. "Central Minds of Government Under Acute Adversity." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 1 (December 31, 1986): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps01001.

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"Acute Adversity," in the sense of longlasting situations of harsh difficulties of various types, faces an increasing number of countries. Therefore, its impacts on actual policymaking need investigation, which in turn requires broad historic-comparative studies. On the basis of such a study, a number of typical response patterns of Central Minds of Governments to acute adversity have been identified, including: different forms of reality denial; maze-policy-behavior, up to panic decisionmaking; escape into dogmas and policy orthodoxies; utopism and fanaticism; extreme pragmatism; legislative nominalism; administrative reform cycles; policy fashions; enemy seeking and surrogate alibis; lalms demanding; ideological-symbolic transformation, such as "ennoblement"; routinization; and, reatioely seldom, adequate policy invention. Most of these actual response patterns are counter-productive, posing the need for improved policymaking in the face of acute adversity. Reliable recommendations on better policymaking under acute adversity require deeper understanding of actual policy behavior of Central Minds of Governments under strong pressures and its causes. Therefore, this subject deserves more attention, both from scientific and applied perspectives.
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Mohd Udin, Mashitah. "Determinant Factor of Central Government Relocation In Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan Province." International Journal of Business and Management 2, no. 3 (June 10, 2018): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26666/rmp.ijbm.2018.3.8.

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Relocation of the central government today has become a strategic issue at the national level considering the condition of Jakarta as the capital of the country faced with the intensity of social, political and economic problems that are increasingly high and difficult to overcome. The vision of the government in solving the problems of the nation's capital seems to be losing hope unless the option of relocating the center of government to a potential alternative region. The relocation of the central government of the region is not without consequences, including the relocation plan to Palangkaraya, Central Kalimantan Province. By making Palangkaraya as one of the alternative options, then the determinant factors that can be the support and power of departure if the government relocates the central government to the intended location. This study uses the theory of central place by Walter Christaller. Through qualitative observation of the range and threshold aspect, the required distance to get the desired needs of the community and the minimum number of community members needed to maintain the supply of goods balance can be determined Palangkaraya position as the ideal center of government. This study, at least in the short term, can contribute to the government's foothold to develop further in the form of a comprehensive research involving all stakeholders so that the central government relocation stage can be done according to the government's vision in the next 10 to 15years.
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Lee, Chun-yi. "Between Dependency and Autonomy – Taiwanese Entrepreneurs and Local Chinese Governments." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 39, no. 1 (March 2010): 37–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261003900103.

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This paper focuses on the changing interaction between Taiwanese entrepreneurs and local Chinese governments. Through the analysis of this changing process, it can be seen that Taiwanese businesses are a special “asset” of Chinese governments. The main argument of this paper is that both central and local governments in China have strategic considerations in respect of Taiwanese businesses. The Chinese central government values Taiwanese businesses because more Taiwanese investment in China strengthens the Beijing government in negotiations with the Taibei government. Nevertheless, since the Kuomintang (KMT) (Guomindang) regained power in 2008, the strategic value of Taiwanese businesses in the cross-Strait relationship seems to have decreased. The central government has created a profitable macro-environment enabling local officials to give a warm welcome to Taiwanese businesses. Chinese local governments value Taiwanese businessmen not only because of the central government's deliberate policy but also because they are pursuing their own self-interest. This paper firstly focuses on the changing interaction between Taiwanese businesses and Chinese local governments. It then further analyses the different but complementary interests of both central and local governments in China in relation to Taiwanese investors.
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Bahar, Yunita, Armansyah, and Mirza. "The Regional Supervision and Cancellation Mechanism." Polit Journal: Scientific Journal of Politics 1, no. 4 (February 11, 2022): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/polit.v1i4.584.

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The amendment to Law Number 32 of 2004 to Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government further emphasizes the centralized relationship between the central government and regional governments, which during post-independence experienced high dynamics, especially in terms of the concept of domination of power between the two. One of the significant impacts of this change lies in the central government's supervisory authority over regional regulations established by regional governments. This condition further strengthens the position of the central government towards regional governments. On the one hand, it reinforces the concept of a unitary state, but, on the other hand, further limits the authority of local governments in implementing regional autonomy. Both are mandates of the 1945 Constitution. The supervisory authority also has an impact on the authority to cancel regional regulations by the central government. This can not only be seen from the aspect of the relationship between the central and local governments, but also relates to the perspective of legislation. With the cancellation, it is important to look at the available legal remedies if there are those who are not happy with the implementation of the cancellation authority.
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Nahm, Jonas. "Exploiting the Implementation Gap: Policy Divergence and Industrial Upgrading in China's Wind and Solar Sectors." China Quarterly 231 (August 22, 2017): 705–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574101700090x.

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AbstractThis article argues that manufacturing policies of Chinese local governments have provided an important corrective to some of the weaknesses inherent in the central government's indigenous innovation framework, most importantly its inattention to the importance of advanced manufacturing capabilities for innovation. Based on an original dataset of over one hundred executive interviews conducted with 43 Chinese wind and solar firms, I identify both central government R&D funding and continued local government support for manufacturing as critical factors in enabling innovation among China's renewable energy firms. In particular, this article shows that firms have utilized a combination of both central and local government policies to establish unique engineering capabilities required for innovation in commercialization and scale-up to mass production. The findings suggest that continued local government support for the manufacturing economy has not undermined central government innovation policies, but has (1) broadened the range of resources available to entrepreneurial firms and (2) enabled new options for industrial upgrading that are outside the conceptualization of innovation underlying the central government's indigenous innovation framework.
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Lim, Setiadi Alim. "Reformulasi Pajak Daerah: Penerapan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai Provinsi Di Indonesia." BIP's JURNAL BISNIS PERSPEKTIF 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2013): 65–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.37477/bip.v5i1.126.

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In Indonesia, taxes are differentiated on central taxes and local taxes. Central taxes are levied by the central government, while local taxes are levied by the provincial government named as provincial taxes and local taxes which are levied municipal/ regency government called municipal/regency taxes. Partial results of the central government's tax collections will be allocated through transfer method called General Allocation Fund and the Special Allocation Fund to the provincial government and the municipal/regency government. The model used still causes an imbalance in both vertical and horizontal fiscal substantial. In line with a growing decentralization issue reverberating around the world, so one way to reduce the fiscal imbalance is that local governments should be allowed to levy taxes which potential is quite significant. In this regard, it is proposed that the VAT is not only levied by the central government, but also levied by the provincial government as an surtax, and this is the main income of the provincial government. While local taxes that are currently levied by the provincial government will be levied delegated to the municipal/regency government gradually.
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Fatimah, Mira, Haryanto Haryanto, and Nunuk Dwi Retnandari. "Central-Local Government Relations in Regional Planning and Budgeting in Indonesia: Between Autonomy and Control." Policy & Governance Review 8, no. 2 (May 20, 2024): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.30589/pgr.v8i2.922.

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This article analyzes the relationship between central and local governments in regional planning and budgeting policies, while exploring the direction of central government control over regions through regional planning and budgeting policies. The issue of relations between central and regional governments in regional planning and budgeting is finding the right balance between autonomy and control. The research methods used are regulatory content analysis and interviews with policymakers. The results showed that the central government uses planning and budgeting to control the implementation of local government affairs and functions through guidance, detection, coercion, and evaluation of existing regulations. These findings fill the discussion gap regarding central government control of regional governments not only through guidance and supervision but through planning and budgeting policies. This study provides insight into the forms of central government control over regional governments, contributing to the trend of central and regional government relations. The practical benefit of this research is as input in improving regional planning and budgeting system policies for the government.
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Feroz Khan, Gohar, Ho Young Yoon, Jiyoung Kim, and Han Woo Park. "From e-government to social government: Twitter use by Korea's central government." Online Information Review 38, no. 1 (January 8, 2014): 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-09-2012-0162.

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Purpose – This study aims to explore Twitter use by Korea's central government by classifying the government's Twitter-based networking strategies into government-to-citizen (G2C) and government-to-government (G2G) strategies. Design/methodology/approach – The study investigates the nature of social media interactions and networking strategies in the Korean government by extracting tweets, follower/following relationships, and hyperlinks for 32 ministries. Network patterns and networking strategies are reviewed through descriptive statistical analysis and social network analysis to map the government's Twitter activity. Findings – The results indicate that the government's direct networking strategy targeting citizens does not necessarily motivate their participation in the government's social media activities but that it plays an instrumental role in reinforcing G2G relationships. Originality/value – This study investigates the social media use patterns (e.g. network properties and co-link analyses) and strategies (e.g. the reciprocity of relationships and content-push strategies) in the context of G2C and G2G relationships in Korea's public sector.
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Brown, Trevor L. "Local Autonomy versus Central Control during Transition: Explaining Local Policy Outputs in Post-Soviet Ukraine." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 20, no. 6 (December 2002): 889–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c25m.

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Many post-Soviet central governments have assigned numerous policy responsibilities to local governments, but have simultaneously constrained local autonomy in an effort to ensure that local governments pursue central objectives. In this paper, I examine the interplay between local autonomy and central control in one post-Soviet central government—Ukraine—by examining the case of small-enterprise privatization. Shortly after Ukraine's independence, the central government transferred ownership of state-run small enterprises to local governments, but required that local governments meet annual privatization targets set by a central agency. Some local governments have met the annual targets, while others have lagged behind. The results of an empirical analysis of local privatization levels indicate that central control mechanisms currently have limited influence over local decisionmaking. The results demonstrate that, instead, local elections have increased the influence of local groups whose interests do not always coincide with those of the central government. In response, the central government has instituted several changes to the intergovernmental finance system that are likely to increase central government authority and continue to move Ukraine towards a system in which local governments carry a heavy service-delivery load with limited autonomy.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Central government"

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Tackie, Alexander O. "Modelling local government budgetary reactions to central government financial controls." Thesis, University of York, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238723.

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Abdullah, Nur Anisah. "Performance measurement in British central government." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21912.

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For many years, research on public sector performance measurement has focused on the more "mainstream public interest" sections such as Health, Education, or Police Services and overlooked agencies and public bodies. The research aimed to explore the issues of performance measurement in the context of British executive agencies and non-departmental public bodies with a view towards development an improvement. Through a three-phase exploratory study, the research set out to gain an in-depth understanding of performance measurement practice and in doing so, identified and examined the key elements for development and improvement. Phase 1 was a large scale questionnaire-based survey which, in broad sense, explored the nature of and reasons for performance management, the tools used, factors influencing design and the perceived level of system effectiveness. Phase II was a more in-depth study, extending the efforts of Phase I, sought to examine some of the issues in greater detail ; and Phase III was initiated based on managers' desire, explored the feasability of devising a tool to inform and evaluate performance measurement practice.the research has found that performance measurement practice and knowledge was evident across agencies and public bodies. The research also revealed nine interconnected elements as key to effective performance measurement. Based on these findings a framework for performance measurement practice was developed. Out of which, a performance measurement practice evaluation tool(PMPET) has been created. Although the framework and the resulting PMPET were customised for agencies and public bodies, they aimed to be generically applicable to the wider sections of public sector.
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Huaxing, Liu. "Why is local government less trusted than central government in China?" Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6162/.

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The public's trust in government is a subject that arouses interest and debate among researchers and politicians alike. This thesis is concerned with public trust in government in China and particularly in local government. It provides insights both on the patterns of public trust in different levels of government and explores the key factors that account for variance in this respect. In light of the findings in this respect, the thesis also makes suggestions about measures that might be taken to improve public trust in local government particularly in the China context. A mixed methods research design has been employed that has included analysis of responses to a major trans-China quantitative survey of public opinions and the conduct of a series of semi-structured interviews with local government officials operating at different governmental levels within one municipal city. The research examines the commonalities and differences between the perspectives of citizens and of officials with regard to the scale, nature and causes of public distrust in local government. The thesis considers the implications of the findings and makes suggestions as to the kinds of policy and practice responses that would seem necessary to improve Chinese's citizens' trust levels in their local government.
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Choi, Ho-Taek. "Central-local government fiscal relations in South Korea the impact of central government grants on local authorities' finance /." Thesis, Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.311609.

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Radcliffe, J. "The reorganisation of central government 1970-1976." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380676.

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Greer, Patricia. "Transforming central government : the Next Steps initiative." Thesis, University of Bath, 1994. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385221.

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Khan, Taj Moharram. "Central-local government relations in Pakistan since 1979." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1996. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/272/.

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This thesis explores the pattern of relationship of local government institutions in Pakistan with the higher level of governments, particularly with the provincial governments, under whose jurisdictional purview they fall. Pakistan is a federation where the provinces are empowered to legislate on various aspects of the working of local councils. Despite being a provincial subject, the influence of the central government under both the military and civilian regimes has also been immense. To analyse this, field work was undertaken in two provinces of Pakistan (the Punjab and the N-W. F. P). In each a district was selected (Gujrat and Mardan respectively) and the working of their municipalities and district councils were studied in the context of the impact of party-politics, the administrative control exercised, and the implications of financial decisions taken by the higher levels of government. Part one of the thesis describes the origin and development of local government in the South Asian sub-continent, particularly an analysis of the initiatives taken for their growth by military and civilian regimes during the years preceding independence. Part two consists of the case studies of four local councils and an analysis of the provincial-local government relations under the present Local Government Ordinance of 1979 introduced by General Mohammad Zia-ul Haque. Part three reflects the concerns and recommendations of experts and those involved in the working of local government in Pakistan. The conclusions drawn from the thesis material show that, though local government institutions have been operating in an environment of political expediency and without assistance from the general political cultural background, they have been able to make positive contributions to the development of democracy and to the provision of local services for the general welfare of the people. Local government in Pakistan has suffered from gaps between theory and practice, public statements and practical realities, and a pervasive political context which has neglected the development of services. There has been a tendency to proclaim the virtues of local government in theory and to make promises to support local institutions but in practice to do much less and to continue with practices which do not enable local government and its services to flourish. The clearest exemplification of this is that periods of martial law, where democracy at a national level has been imperilled, have seen the positive encouragement of local government and local democracy as a means of gaining popular support for the regime. In contrast, in periods of democratic central government, local institutions have proved to be obstacles to central authority, and they have been neglected or abused in favour of a more bureaucratic mode of governing. Both military and civilian rulers have manipulated local institutions for their own benefit. The outcome has been that the relationship between centre and provinces and the provinces and the local institutions has never been balanced or fully articulated. At the local level, as illustrated in the case studies, the consequences has been a lower level of civic amenity than is either desirable or what local persons know is practicable with a more stable institutional base. The past record of the cases studied shows that, despite the impact of local and national politics, real progress had been made in services and in developing local democracy
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Savage, Lee. "Government formation in central Europe : a comparative analysis." Thesis, University of Essex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446466.

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Caruana, Josette. "The reform of central government accounting in Malta." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4835/.

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Lüder's Financial Management Reform Process Model (2002) is used to analyse and explain the context of the accounting reform process at the central government of Malta, thus introducing Malta in the field of Comparative International Governmental Accounting Research (CIGAR). Organisational Theory that underlies this model is referred to when discussing its limitations. The qualitative research methodology required a set of interviews with actors involved in the reform process, supported by documentary research. The governmental accounting reform process in Malta is described in two phases: the environment of the first phase is assessed as conducive to change; in the second phase, stronger forces at macro level reduced this conduciveness. The long-winding reforms at central government level in Malta may only be illusory because once the statistical reporting requirements for Eurostat were achieved, the reform concept changed. The findings confirm the centrality of the budget in government accounting. The decision by the Maltese Government to adopt International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) does not appear to be well-informed and appears based on the quest for credibility. The objective of the European Union (EU)'s interest in IPSAS is also questioned since these financial reporting standards do not give budgeting particular importance, and reporting to the EU by member states is already harmonised through the ESA95.
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Cavalcante, Neto Aristides Andrade. "Fatores relevantes na construção de processos government-to-government no Banco Central do Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/3755.

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Made available in DSpace on 2009-11-18T19:00:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aristides-Andrade.pdf: 668807 bytes, checksum: b871d077fa7e689759f156ea2eae3316 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002
This dissertation seeks to recognize the factors, which are relevant to the construction of the processes Government-to-Government (G2G), and how these factors influence the success of those processes. For this research, two existing cases in Banco Central do Brasil (Bacen) were used: i) the Banco Central do Brasil (BACEN) X Senado Federal case; and the Bacen x Poder Judiciário case. The framework of this dissertation is based on the methodology of multiple study cases described by Robert Yin (2001). This work analyzed separately each of the cases and compared the results obtained in each analysis. In this way, this research aimed at analyzing the reasons that led these cases to gain such distinct outcomes, despite the existing potential benefits in each one of them. The obtained results suggest that three factors influence the success of G2G processes in a relevant way: computational safety; the culture of the organizations involved; and the capacitation of people involved. Each of these factors, according to what results showed, bring a set of considerations which should be observed by the public administrator in relation to the strategies of implementation of G2G processes.
Esta dissertação procura descobrir fatores que sejam relevantes para a construção de processos Government-to-Government (G2G) e como estes fatores influenciam no sucesso destes processos. Para a realização desta pesquisa, utilizou-se de dois casos existentes no Banco Central do Brasil (Bacen): i) o caso Bacen x Senado Federal; ii) o caso Bacen x Poder Judiciário. Para este trabalho, utilizou-se a metodologia de estudo de casos múltiplos descrita por Robert Yin (2001). Este trabalho analisou separadamente cada um dos casos e comparou os resultados obtidos em cada análise. Desta forma, esta pesquisa procurou analisar as razões que levaram estes casos a obterem resultados tão distintos, apesar dos potenciais benefícios existentes em cada um deles. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que três fatores influenciam de forma relevante o sucesso de processos G2G: segurança computacional; cultura das organizações envolvidas; e capacitação das pessoas envolvidas. Cada um destes fatores, conforme averiguado pelos resultados, trazem um conjunto de considerações que devem ser observadas pelo administrador público nas estratégias de implantação dos processos G2G.
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Books on the topic "Central government"

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Jamieson, Alan. Central Government. London: Bell & Hyman, 1986.

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1969-, Gretton John fl, and Harrison Anthony 1938-, eds. Reshaping central government. Oxford: Policy Journals, 1987.

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Mowl, Colin. Central government funds and accounts and the central government borrowing requirement. London: HM Treasury, 1990.

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(Firm), Peat Marwick McLintock. Services to central government. London: Peat Marwick McLintock, 1989.

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Levitt, M. S. Productivity in central government. London: Public Finance Foundation, 1985.

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Great Britain. Department for Education and Employment., ed. Local and Central Government. Nottingham: DfEE Publications, 2000.

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Publishing, OECD. Central Government Debt 2009. Washington: Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2009.

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Treasury, HM. Central government supply estimates. London: Stationery Office, 2003.

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., ed. Central government debt: Statistical yearbook = Dette de l'administration centrale. 2nd ed. Paris: OECD, 2004.

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Board, Local Authorities' Conditions of Service Advisory. Central government initiatives: 1986-1987. London: LACSAB, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Central government"

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Oliver, Ian. "Central Government." In Police, Government and Accountability, 96–112. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18557-3_4.

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Barnett, Hilaire. "Central Government." In Constitutional & Administrative Law, 220–41. Twelfth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon [UK] ; New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315458373-13.

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Bochel, Catherine, and Hugh M. Bochel. "Central Government." In The UK Social Policy Process, 76–102. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-22095-0_5.

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Bulmer, Simon, and Martin Burch. "Central Government." In The Europeanization of British Politics, 37–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230627321_3.

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Bochel, Catherine, and Hugh Bochel. "Central Government." In Making and Implementing Public Policy, 150–89. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-48465-9_5.

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Barnett, Hilaire. "Central Government." In Constitutional & Administrative Law, 225–44. 13th edition. | Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429322686-10.

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Barnett, Hilaire. "Central Government." In Constitutional and Administrative Law, 209–28. 15th ed. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003360438-13.

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Trotman-Dickenson, D. I. "Central Government Finance." In Economics of the Public Sector, 265–84. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13264-5_13.

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Jones, George, and Tony Travers. "Central Government Perceptions of Local Government." In Local Democracy and Local Government, 84–105. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25022-6_5.

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Robson, W. A. "Increased Central Control." In Local Government in Crisis, 47–52. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003273011-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Central government"

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Kaplanhan, Fatih, and Cem Korkut. "Distribution of Tax Revenue of Central Government to Local Governments: Glocalization." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01127.

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Main questions of this study are “How much autonomy?” and “Has autonomy take to feudalism?” Although the resolution of issue according to effective, efficient, rational and fair principles about the income distribution between the central administration and the municipalities is a precondition of permanent and efficient services of local governments.This study aims to identify regional goverments tasks and improve services of central governments with taxes (VAT) distirbution method. We also aim to increase taxes that are collected from regional governments with the method of glocalization. In addition, if sharing criteria was different, it would how a change between the years 2003-2011 will be investigated. During the comprehensive analysis of these years with public revenues on the basis of VAT, local government’s expenditure, criteria/data to be applied in the share of public revenues to municipalities whether changing the method financing of municipalities can make local governments more efficient and productive will be explored. In a political structure that municipalities are financed from the center, it is very difficult to find an appropriate combination between equality and justice in the distribution of income. Local governments must have privileges which is proportionate with responsibilities on own mandates and source of income for producing to serve as an effective and efficient local services. The results show that if the central governments give budget to regional government according to taxes that are collected in this region, productivity of taxation increase and regional government can collect taxes easier.
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Sandoval-Almazan, Rodrigo, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia, and Nancy Karina Saucedo Leyva. "E-government portals in central America." In the 6th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2463728.2463810.

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Klasinc, Anton-Jan. "E-consultations in Croatian central government." In 2014 37th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mipro.2014.6859815.

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Fahlevi, Heru, Muhardiansyah Muhardiansyah, and Aliamin Aliamin. "Does Increasing Central Government Transfer Improve Local Government Performance? A Case of Aceh Provincial Government." In First Padang International Conference On Economics Education, Economics, Business and Management, Accounting and Entrepreneurship (PICEEBA 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/piceeba-18.2018.74.

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Cieslewska, Anna. "Tradition and Poverty Reduction – Mahalla and its Significance in Development Process in Tajikistan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00200.

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Significance of mahalla as informal social, self-governing institution has increased due to a variety of factors related to the post-transitional changes in Tajikistan. The phenomenon of existence of informal self-government bodies has not been only exclusive to Central Asia or Tajikistan. However, in a case of Central Asia, those institutions have always played significant role in maintaining social order and frequently they are more legitimized in the eyes of local residents than the formally established self-government. Recently, the government of Tajikistan has attempted to incorporate the elements of (indigenous) self-governmental institutions into the formal self-government’s structures. Also, international organizations try to integrate mahalla as important element which would facilitate development’s process. Identification of potential of this old institution could become a good base for poverty reduction and social programs.
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Posselt, Katja. "Electronic Government and Process Management." In CEEeGov '22: Central and Eastern European eDem and eGov Days. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3551504.3551559.

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Blaer, Ilia. "E-government and outsourcing." In 2009 5th Central and Eastern European Software Engineering Conference in Russia (CEE-SECR 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cee-secr.2009.5501178.

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Stamm, Laura Katharina, and Holger Koelmann. "A Taxonomy of Design Decisions for Central Bank Digital Currencies." In DGO 2023: Digital government and solidarity. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598537.

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Utica, Doina. "Monetary system of the Republic of Moldova." In Simpozion stiintific al tinerilor cercetatori, editia 20. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/9789975359030.21.

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Internal monetary systems are very similar today in all major countries of the world. They have three levels: (1) holders of money (“the public”), comprising individuals, businesses and government units, (2) commercial banks (private or government-owned), which borrow from the public, mainly through deposits, and lend to individuals, companies or governments, and (3) central banks, which have a monopoly on the issuance of certain types of money, serve as bankers for central government and commercial banks and have the power to determine the amount of money. The public holds their money in two ways: as currency (including currency) and bank deposits.
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Dutra, Débora, and Delfina Soares. "Mobile Applications in Central Government of Brazil and Portugal." In ICEGOV2019: 12th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3326365.3326377.

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Reports on the topic "Central government"

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Ohemeng, Frank, and Fariya Mohiuddin. The Enigma of the Central–Local Government Relationship and Its Impact on Property Tax Administration in Developing Countries: The Ghanaian Perspective. Institute of Development Studies, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.018.

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Property tax administration is the bedrock for effective revenue mobilisation, development, and good local governance for local governments. Yet administering property taxation continues to be a major problem, especially for many developing countries. Scholarly explanations for this poor state of affairs have focused on limited capacity, poor quality local cadastres, corruption, and local political resistance to effective property tax administration, among others. This paper moves away from these explanations to focus on a less trodden area: the relationship between central and local government and how this relationship affects property tax administration. Property tax administration involves some collaboration and overlap between different levels of government, and thus depends very much on a good and functional relationship between both levels of government, especially when local governments derive their authorities from the largesse of central governments. This relationship may have powerful implications for the ability of local governments to effectively undertake property tax administration due to the central government’s policies and politics. Using Ghana as a case study, the paper illustrates how a dysfunctional relationship between central and local governments has undermined, and continues to undermine, effective property tax administration in the country, which should serve as a lesson for other developing countries.
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Ríos, Germán, Federico Ortega, and J. Sebastián Scrofina. Sub-national Revenue Mobilization in Latin America and Caribbean Countries: The Case of Venezuela. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011403.

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This paper analyzes the high fiscal dependence of Venezuelan states and municipalities on the central government and the political economy process embedded in the interaction between the central government and sub-national entities. Also explored is whether there is scope to increase sub-national governments' revenues, improve the current intergovernmental transfer system, and reduce horizontal imbalances; of particular importance is analyzing the impact of current transfer mechanisms on sub-national governments' revenues volatility. Following a presentation of Venezuela's economic background, public sector and fiscal variables, the paper describes the process of decentralization, inter-governmental transfer mechanisms and revenue volatility, and local governments' own revenues. Subsequently presented are sub-national governments' fiscal dependence and its determinants, followed by options for revenue mobilization and improving the transfer mechanism. The paper concludes with a summary and policy recommendations.
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Ackiss, Jason R., and V. P. Balaji. Analysis of United States Air Forces Central Government Purchase Card Reachback Viability. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada555659.

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Jaimovich, Dany, and Ugo Panizza. Public Debt around the World: A New Dataset of Central Government Debt. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010859.

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Commonly used datasets on the level of public debt provide incomplete country and period coverage. This paper presents a new dataset that includes complete series of central government debt for 89 countries over the 1991-2005 period and for seven other countries for the 1993-2005 period. The data set can be found at: http://www.iadb.org/res/pub_desc.cfm?pub_id=DBA-005
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Author, Not Given. Applying Best Practices to Florida Local Government Retrofit Programs, Central Florida (Fact Sheet). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1126837.

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Santiso, Carlos, Juan Cruz Vieyra, and Jorge von Horoch. Improving Lives Through Better Government: Promoting Effective, Efficient, and Open Governments in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009221.

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Improving the effectiveness, efficiency, and openness of governments is essential to meet the key challenges that countries in the Latin American and Caribbean region face to improve service delivery to citizens. This Technical Note is meant to guide the work of the IDB's Institutional Capacity of theState Division in this area. In the literature, institutional quality and implementation capacity emerge as the key variables that underpin good government. Measurement is a central issue, as institutional quality cannot be assessed or improved without reliable indicators. While many challenges remain, the region is already adopting innovative approaches to public management, focusing particularly on the capacity of governments to manage information. In response to existing challenges and progresses, the IDB identifies three main strategic areas of action: (i) improving government effectiveness by strengthening the evidence base for policy making and enhancing the capacity of central agencies; (ii) enhancing efficiency in policy implementation by leveraging the adoption of innovative e-solutions and supporting civil service reforms; and (iii) fostering accountability and open government by strengthening accountability institutions, both internal and external, and promoting the adoption of targeted transparency policies.
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Fuentes, J. Rodrigo, and César Calderón. Government Debt and Economic Growth. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011505.

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The growth prospects of a nation are stymied by the burden of government debt. This study has two goals: first, it tests whether public debt hinders growth; and, second, it explores whether economic policy ameliorates this effect. A large panel data of countries for 1970-2010 reveal a negative and robust effect of public debt on growth. Strong institutions, high quality domestic policies, and outward-oriented policies partly mitigate this adverse effect. An enhanced policy environment and its interaction with public debt has helped explain the improved growth performance of industrial and developing countries for the years 2001-05 compared to the years 1991-95. Viewing the actual performance of the Latin America and the Caribbean region, South America encompasses the group of countries more benefited by improvement of economic policies, while Central America and the Caribbean lag considerably. A simultaneous sharp reduction in public debt and an improvement in the policy environment induce an increase in the growth rate per capita of 1.7 percentage points for the Caribbean and 2 percentage points for South America. A more conservative scenario that considers an upgrade in quality of policies and a reduction of public debt leads to lower but still significant growth benefits for the Caribbean and South America, by 0.85 and 1.5 percentage points, respectively.
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Palatiello, Brett, and Philip Pinkington. Government Deficits and Interest Rates: A Keynesian View. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp183.

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We test the neoclassical loanable funds model which postulates that, ceteris paribus, government borrowing increases the long-term rate of interest. The empirical literature exploring such a connection remains largely mixed. We clarify the conflicting results by deploying an ARDL model to decompose the relationship in the United States into long and short-run effects across multiple measures of the government deficit and long-term interest rate. We find a tendency for changes in the deficit to increase long-term interest rates in the short run but the effect is reversed in the long run. We argue that these results are consistent with John Maynard Keynes’ view of the long-term rate as being heavily influenced by monetary policy, central bank credibility and market convention.
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Zheng, Siqi, Matthew Kahn, Weizeng Sun, and Danglun Luo. Incentivizing China's Urban Mayors to Mitigate Pollution Externalities: The Role of the Central Government and Public Environmentalism. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18872.

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Richards, Robin. The Effect of Non-partisan Elections and Decentralisation on Local Government Performance. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.014.

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This rapid review focusses on whether there is international evidence on the role of non-partisan elections as a form of decentralised local government that improves performance of local government. The review provides examples of this from Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. There are two reported examples in Sub-Saharan Africa of non-partisan elections that delink candidates from political parties during election campaigns. The use of non-partisan elections to improve performance and democratic accountability at the level of government is not common, for example, in southern Africa all local elections at the sub-national sphere follow the partisan model. Whilst there were no examples found where countries shifted from partisan to non-partisan elections at the local government level, the literature notes that decentralisation policies have the effect of democratising and transferring power and therefore few central governments implement it fully. In Africa decentralisation is favoured because it is often used as a cover for central control. Many post-colonial leaders in Africa continue to favour centralised government under the guise of decentralisation. These preferences emanated from their experiences under colonisation where power was maintained by colonial administrations through institutions such as traditional leadership. A review of the literature on non-partisan elections at the local government level came across three examples where this occurred. These countries were: Ghana, Uganda and Bangladesh. Although South Africa holds partisan elections at the sub-national sphere, the election of ward committee members and ward councillors, is on a non-partisan basis and therefore, the ward committee system in South Africa is included as an example of a non-partisan election process in the review.
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