Dissertations / Theses: 'Cemeteries'

1

Cheung, Mei-ngor Connie. "Sustainable cemetery reserve." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25951014.

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Wing-fai, Lo. "From death to life : eco-cemetery at Drinker's Bay /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38033768.

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So, Shui-shan Isaac. "Deng Gao : a new landscape approach to cemetery." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38217028.

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Hung, Ho-ching George. "Necroscape : bridging the living and the dead /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25946778.

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Horn, Zachary. "Cemeteries & the control of bodies : a study of cemeteries in the city of Hamilton, Canada /." Saarbrücken : VDM-Verl. Dr. Müller, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017038157&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Horn, Zachary. "Cemeteries & the Control of Bodies." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2986.

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There has been a substantial change in cemetery administration over the last century. Where once cemeteries were predominantly run by religious organizations, now they are mostly run by local municipalities. This thesis examines the change in cemetery administration, using the cemeteries in the city of Hamilton, Ontario as a case study, drawing on material taken from an inventory of Hamilton cemeteries. The Ontario Cemetery Act of 1913 is examined to see how it helped to consolidate municipal power over cemeteries.

In addition to secularization theory, relevant concepts are also applied from the works of Talcott Parsons, Max Weber and Michel Foucault. The analysis suggests that the laicization of cemeteries is part of ongoing rationalizing trends in the larger society. The connection between cemeteries and changes in how we think about human bodies and death is also investigated. Rationalization is linked to a marginalization of the meaning of death as death itself moves from a religious understanding to the control of professionals and bureaucracies like hospitals and funeral homes.

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Richardson, Andrew Frank. "The Anglo-Saxon cemeteries of Kent." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365113.

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Kostenniemi, Julia. "Fututre flood risk in swedish cemeteries." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184889.

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Cemeteries have a lot of different values, both to people but also to society. Besides from being a burial place where survivors can go to be close to their deceased, they can also function as restorative places or cultural and historical places. This study’s aim is to investigate how future changes in the climate may potentially have impacts on cemeteries in Sweden in forms of flooding and to make a rough estimation of how many cemeteries that would be affected by this. This study will also investigate how many individuals that would be affected by this. In order to investigate this an overlay analysis was done in a Geographical Information System (GIS). The results showed that there are some cemeteries that would potentially have 10% or more of the total area flooded, given the scenarios in this study. It also shows that there could potentially be a lot of individuals that would be affected, in different ways.

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Richardson, Andrew. "The Anglo-Saxon cemeteries of Kent /." Oxford : J. and E. Hedges, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40026956f.

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Wheeler, Candace A. "The Comstock cemeteries changing landscapes of death /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456398.

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Lucy, Samantha Jane. "The Anglo-Saxon cemeteries of East Yorkshire." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272643.

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Hakenbeck, Susanne Elisabeth. "Ethnic identity in early medieval cemeteries in Bavaria." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614049.

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Tejada, Sherry Lynn. "The Necrogeography of Melungeon Cemeteries in Central Appalachia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76963.

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Previous historical and cultural geographic studies of the cemetery suggest that gravemarkers are surrogates for ethnicity and cultural assimilation. While studies of this type among single ethnic groups are common, examination of the multiethnic cemetery has largely been ignored. This study focuses on the necrogeography (regional burial practices) of the Melungeons, an understudied and underrepresented minority group. Their diverse ancestry purportedly includes a mixture of European, Native American, and African heritage. They have settled primarily in the Central Appalachian region, and more specifically within Hancock County, Tennessee. Their traditional burial practices include the construction of a unique gravehouse. I conducted personal interviews with Melungeons, religious leaders, and cemetery workers to determine the social meanings attached to these unique gravemarkers. I inspected 116 cemeteries located within Hancock County. A Melungeon Burial Index (MBI) was calculated based on the number and type of gravemarkers in individual cemeteries. The MBI acts a cultural inventory to measure varying degrees of Melungeon burial assimilation. Next, I interpreted the spatial patterns of assimilation to describe qualities of material cultural diffusion in the area. My findings show that traditional gravehouses are gradually being abandoned by the residents and over 93% of cemeteries exhibit complete burial assimilation. This suggests that gravehouse construction, a material and cultural practice of a U.S. minority group, has ended.
Master of Science

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Sizer, Scott Marshall. "Locating and mapping cemeteries in Loudon County, Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=623.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 31 p. : maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 18-19).

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張美娥 and Mei-ngor Connie Cheung. "Sustainable cemetery reserve." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980703.

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Ertek, Deniz Sanem. "Symbolic Meaning Of Cemeteries For Users: Karsiyaka Cemetery Case." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607660/index.pdf.

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This thesis evaluates cemeteries as an open space entity of urban land, which conveys high social and cultural values through its sacred and spiritual landscape. These sacred sites are closely integrated into community history and carry social meanings, in addition to their aesthetic and ecological values as an open green areas with its habitats, biological diversity and wildlife reserves. By this study the symbolic and emotional meaning of cemetery from the users&
#8217
eyes is investigated and the relationship between users&
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preference and perceived elements among the users of KarSiyaka Cemetery is explored.

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Judge, Richard David Eadie. "Towards a methodology for identifying potential sites for cemeteries." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1008048.

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Due to death being an extremely sensitive issue, the topic of cemeteries and associated environmental impacts is often left outside the mainstream environmental critique. However, this is a topic becoming more prevalent as the population numbers and the death rate increases, while the amount of available land decreases. Recent research has indicated that poorly sited cemeteries may pose a significant threat to groundwater resources with the consequential potential for severe health hazards. This has resulted in the need for a method of determining the acceptability of a given area for the establishment of a cemetery in a South African context. Cemeteries should be sited in such a way as to mitigate potential public health and safety concerns, minimise associated environmental impacts and provide a method of body disposal that is economically viable. This study therefore provides an integrated methodology to identify and assess a given area and rank a number of potential sites, ultimately determining a single cemetery site which proves to be acceptable for the establishment of a cemetery. Cemetery site selection should be based on the factors affecting the pollution potential of a proposed cemetery. These factors were identified and quantified based on research into the mechanisms of cemetery site pollution resulting in a number of fatal flaws and criteria deemed decisive when selecting a potential cemetery site. The assessment of a site with regards to these criteria and fatal flaws is undertaken through the use of GIS analysis software utilising data layers containing information on the site selection criteria, by investigating existing studies, literature or reports relating to the relevant area, or through field investigations. Although these criteria are vital when determining the specific characteristics of a site in terms of its pollution potential, a method of assessing a number of potential sites with regards to these criteria is vital. To this end, a multi-criteria ranking matrix has been developed, allowing for an objective method of assessing individual sites and thus indicating which sites are more suited for the establishment of a cemetery. The ranking matrix identifies a range of values for each criterion, therefore identifying a minimum and maximum allowable value. A site is then assessed with regards to these criteria in relation to the values identified in the ranking matrix. Each criteria is assigned a score according to the site conditions. Once the criteria for each site has been assessed and scored, the results can be tallied allowing the sites to be ranked according to which site proved to be the most acceptable for a cemetery based on the findings of the application of the site selection criteria. The methodology developed in this study is unique to previous studies in that it provides an integrated and staged approach to identifying, assessing and applying the criteria affecting the pollution potential of a cemetery. The methodology also provides a means of ranking a number of potential sites so to determine the most suitable. Furthermore, the criteria deemed as decisive in previous investigations were in most cases not quantified by the relevant authors, therefore leaving many of the criteria values up for interpretation. For this methodology to be affective, all criteria must be quantified therefore identifying maximum and minimum allowable limits for each. This study applies minimum and maximum allowable limits to these criteria, therefore aiding in the ranking process. The integrated methodology developed was then applied to a case study where by the effectiveness in identifying a number of potential cemetery sites could be tested. Subsequent to the application of this methodology to a case study, it was concluded that an additional two criteria, not identified in previous investigations, needed to be assessed to more adequately determine the suitability or otherwise of a site for a cemetery. Ultimately, twelve major criteria have been proposed for use as the basis of the methodology. The methodology and pertinent criteria proposed in this study should be compiled as a standard for planning authorities and consultants to use as a method of determining a number of potential environmentally sound cemetery sites.

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Dejongh, Jennifer June. "UNDERTAKING COMMUNITY: THE ORIGINS OF CEMETERIES IN THE LEVANT." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin991853175.

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Im, Joann Hyohan. "Chapel, Crematorium, and Columbaria." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30893.

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Modern park-cemeteries have overcome the problems associated with cemeteries in past centuries. They usually are located away from population centers. They are designed for efficiency and are operated by professional caretakers. When loved ones are laid to rest there, we can be confident, as it is possible to be that their rest will not be disturbed by human beings.

But for all we have gained in peace of mind, we have lost as much or more of the trappings that reminds us of our connections to our ancestors. Cemetery landscapes usually are banal. Neither their settings nor their designs evoke memories or renew our spirits. When we visit cemeteries, we visit another suburb, another mall, a place that "sells" us with promises of security and efficiency, a place that keeps its promises but nevertheless disappoints. Except for individual graves, there is no focal point either in the landscape or architecture of a park-cemetery to help us honor the dead or to rejoice in life.

The Chapel Building is a focal point for a cemetery, the place where the dead and the living co-exist, however briefly. The ground floor of the Chapel houses the business of death. There is a place for preparation of bodies for burial, as well as a crematorium. The retaining walls cutting a section in the earth in an "L" shape is the columbaria.

Master of Architecture

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20

Corbett, Tim. "'The place of my father's sepulchres' : the Jewish cemeteries in Vienna." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2015. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/75576/.

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This thesis presents the first integrated history of Vienna’s four Jewish cemeteries as sites reflecting the construction, negotiation and at times contestation of Jewish communal belonging within Viennese society, embedded in the Viennese cityscape. Through a novel analysis of the sepulchral epigraphy of the thousands of matzevot or grave-memorials contained therein, the development and expression of codes of belonging constructed in the nexus between shifting notions of ‘Jewish’ and ‘Viennese’ culture are illuminated in a longue durée from the medieval into the modern periods. The Shoah, while it does not represent the first instance of the violent erasures of Jewish life and culture in the city, through its magnitude and presence in living memory constitutes a profound rupture in the historic enmeshment of the Jewish community in Viennese society. During the Shoah, the cemeteries became a focal point for the attempted excision or revision of Jewish cultural heritage and its place in Viennese culture, perpetrated by a complex network of agency, with the cemeteries moreover becoming recalibrated as sites of intense Jewish-communal introspection and activity. The cemeteries constituted after the Shoah some of the only sites of Jewish heritage to survive in the physical and memorial landscape, becoming moreover deeply contested sites of memory, within the context of the fledgling re-establishment of Jewish life in the city and the conflicted political and historical discourses in the Second Austrian Republic. This thesis presents the cemeteries as sites of the most profound engagements with Vienna’s long and convoluted Jewish history, comprising moments of great cultural prowess as well as murderous destructivity, embodying the deeply interactive yet conflicted relationship between the City of Vienna and its successive Jewish communities.

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Irvine, Howard S. "Mormon Mortuary Patterns at the Block 49 and Seccombe Lake Cemeteries." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1998. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,19169.

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Paonessa, Laurie J. "The Cemeteries of St Eustatius, N.A: Status in a Caribbean Community." W&M ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625583.

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Strutt, Michael A. "Rediscovering the Dead: Practical Applications of Remote Sensing in Historic Cemeteries." W&M ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625656.

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So, Shui-shan Isaac, and 蘇瑞山. "Deng Gao: a new landscape approach to cemetery." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38217028.

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25

Nicolson, Kenneth N. "Cemetery gardens the historical cultural landscape of Hong Kong's colonial cemetery /." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31475747.

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26

Duncan, Frank Lee. "A cemetery design." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23169.

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27

Trigg, Rachel Helen Built Environment Faculty of Built Environment UNSW. "The magic of the city: representing places of the dead in the contemporary Western metropolis." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Built Environment, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43339.

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This thesis posits that throughout history, the Western city has been made and understood according to a shared image of the cosmos. It argues that though the contours of this cosmos have changed over time and place, collectively held understandings of the city endure to the present day. Drawing on literary and cultural theory, this way of understanding the city may be conceptualised as ??magical??, that is incorporating knowledge which is hermeneutic and mythical, as well as empirical. The specific example of places of the dead, understood as cemeteries, memorials and other locations at which the dead are actually or symbolically interred, is used in this thesis to test the notion that that the city may continue to be understood as a reflection of world view. Places of the dead provide an appropriate test case for this task, as their forms and locations have clear associations with temporally and culturally specific understandings of the city. This thesis applies textual analysis and discourse analysis to seven case studies of contemporary places of the dead in order to examine the way in which the magic of the city may operate in one typology of place. It considers the representation of these case studies in a large array of texts, with particular emphasis on fictional, and thus potentially ??magical??, texts such as novels, television series and architectural drawings, as well as postcards, movies, cartoons, photographs, songs and paintings. The results of the case studies are used to argue not only that the city continues to be understood using a wide variety of ways of knowing, but also that these alternative epistemologies offer insights into contemporary cities which are not gained through the use of conventional methodologies.

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Malone, Hannah Olivia. "Nineteenth-century Italian cemeteries : the social and political basis of funerary architecture." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648217.

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Lucy, Sam. "The early Anglo-Saxon cemeteries of East Yorkshire : an analysis and reinterpretation /." Oxford : British archaeological reports, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37032009j.

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Murray, Lisa Anne. "Cemeteries in nineteenth-century New South Wales : landscapes of memory and identity." Thesis, Faculty of Arts, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16784.

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Deering, Annabel. "Over their dead bodies : a study of leisure and spatiality in cemeteries." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2012. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/6204160c-d33e-46b5-875e-14cd5449672c.

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This thesis offers a critical exploration of the leisure uses of cemeteries and the relationship between people and places in burial grounds. It interrogates the concepts of heterotopia, purple recreation, enchantment and dark tourism and uses the graveyard to extend their descriptive and analytic utility. Extant cemetery research focuses overwhelmingly on their historical role and the relationships between mourners and the grave, with only passing reference to recreational uses. Using the techniques of heuristic inquiry the study considers the cemetery as a greenspace for leisure by exploring the ways in which both researcher and participants perceive, experience and use these 'dead' spaces. Data was gathered from twenty-two semi-structured interviews and conversations with thirty participants and through 550 hours of participant observation. This was complemented by data collected from both site erosion and material trace accretion, for example, paths worn in the grass, smoothed tree branches, litter and graffiti. The application of garbology, or the study of rubbish and other material traces, to a cemetery site augments current practice in heuristic inquiry methodology, building on techniques developed in a variety of other settings. This thesis also enhances current knowledge of people-place bonds, socio-spatial theory and temporality. It scrutinises the conflation of different species of time in the graveyard and the impact this has on sense of place. Conceptual contributions are made by linking deathscapes with the three emergent themes of purple recreation, enchantment and dark tourism. Woven through these three themes is the concept of heterotopia which is critically examined with reference to cemeteries and the distinctive people-place bond formed between these sites and their recreational visitors. This thesis concludes that cemeteries offer a unique space for leisure and argues that the sense of place experienced in the cemetery engages the visitor in deep and meaningful ways that have previously been underestimated.

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Straus, Kirsten Makenna. ""Beneath this Sod": Intersections of Colonialism, Urbanization, and Memory in the Cemeteries of Salem and Portland, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4938.

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Despite the large amount of research about the colonization of the American West Coast, historians have overlooked the subtle yet significant role that cemeteries have played in this narrative. Using evidence from archives, newspapers, and historical maps, this study identifies the forces which influenced the development and use of cemeteries in Portland and Salem, Oregon during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In Salem, the reinterpretation of the story of Methodist Mission leader Jason Lee culminated in an elaborate reinterment ceremony nearly sixty years after his death at the cemetery he had helped found. By contrast, the remains of Indigenous children who died while attending Lee's mission school and those who died while patients at the Oregon Insane Asylum are now lost, though they were buried only a few hundred feet from Lee's eventual resting place. In Portland, the city government left behind a wake of tangled paperwork and actual bodies in its failed attempts to provide early Portlanders with a space for the dead. Finally, a private group founded a large, modern cemetery akin to the world-famous Green-wood or Mount Auburn Cemeteries on the East Coast. Portlanders had finally addressed the "last great necessity" of the city, and were ready for more residents and more investors. Studying the development and history of cemeteries in Oregon is a unique and underutilized way to understand how the forces of colonization, urbanization, and memory manifest in both the shared memories and physical landscapes of our communities.

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Whitaker, Jamie L. ""Hark from the tomb" : the culture history and archaeology of African-American cemeteries." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1371679.

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Archaeological material from early African-American cemeteries can yield a vast amount of information. Grave goods are evidence that certain West African burial traditions persisted over the years. Moreover, bioarchaeological data provides knowledge regarding health conditions, lifeways, and labor environments. Overall, these populations were under severe physical stress and average ages of death were young. Findings indicate that African folk beliefs persisted for a long period of time and were widespread in both the North and South of the United States and correspond to historical and ethnohistorical accounts. This is evidenced by the similar types of grave goods found in various cemeteries. Cemeteries from both the Northeast and Southeast are examined as proof that health and cultural trends were widespread throughout the continental United States.
Department of Anthropology

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Lee, Hyang A. "Public cemeteries and the production of urban space in colonial Seoul, 1910-1945." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/286068.

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This thesis traces the production process of colonial urban space in Seoul. In particular, the research analyses how the space of the dead (the gravesite) was transformed into a space of urban settlers during the colonial period. The Government General Korea introduced the burial rule in 1912, the first modern law of its kind, to control (the space of) the dead within the realm of the state. At the core of the 1912 burial rule was the prohibition of long-standing interment customs - such as feng-shui-based private gravesites - and the installation of public cemeteries as the only place for interment. The rule also introduced cremation into Korean society, a practice that had long been taboo. The gravesite had embodied significant meaning and served important functions within Korean society in the past, but the burial rule changed the whole relationship between the living and the gravesite. Indeed, as this thesis shows, the burial rule was one of the governing strategies deployed in shaping and transforming Koreans' institutions, physical space, and consciousness. To capture the inter-relational mechanisms between the transformation of the gravesite and the wider urban development of the colonial capital Seoul, the thesis uses a unique theoretical and analytical framework, which the author calls 'institutional political economy.' Through this framework and echoing Lefebvre's spatial triad of the production of space, this thesis argues that urban space is produced through the dialectical relations of the institutions, material space, and experience/consciousness. The gravesite, especially in Seoul, underwent a major transformation during the colonial period, which consequently had a substantial impact on Koreans' attitudes towards and notions of death and the gravesite. The thesis demonstrates how these changing attitudes corresponded and interacted with the capitalist urbanisation of Seoul, which would ultimately produce a new urban landscape and urban consciousness and subjectivity within modern Seoul.

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Nguyen, Benedict Trung. "The establishment and administration of Catholic cemeteries in the Diocese of La Crosse." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2002. http://www.tren.com.

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Koh, Smith Caroline. "Enlivening Spaces for the Dead: The Relevance of Cemeteries in the 21st Century." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2020. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/215.

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Current cemetery practices can be harmful to public health and local ecologies and be intensive users of resources such as water and energy. However, given their spiritual benefits to mourners and community members, I believe that cemeteries are still justified in their construction for societies that wish to have a relationship with their dead. With a growing and aging population, more spaces will be used to house the dead; I examined how these could spaces benefit the living as well. Cemeteries can be designed within natural systems, both in landscaping and in burial, as well as spaces for communities and explorations of new forms of art and architecture. Using research and my own experiences, I identified and analyzed exemplary cemeteries that benefit their contexts ecologically, socially, and artistically and architecturally. Ultimately, this paper exists as a guide for the development or retrofitting of cemeteries into active, lively spaces.

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Hung, Ho-ching George, and 洪浩澄. "Necroscape: bridging the living and thedead." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986481.

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Nicolson, Kenneth N. "Conserving Hong Kong's heritage cultural landscapes." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B32045219.

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Murphy, Amanda. "Missing, presumed dead : searching for infant mortality in excavated historic cemeteries, and finding high casualties in the archaeological record." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/missing-presumed-dead-searching-for-infant-mortality-in-excavated-historiccemeteries-and-finding-high-casualties-in-the-archaeological-record(6abb3b64-8bb8-4a65-9132-098fe2e12907).html.

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Archaeologically excavated historic cemeteries are a unique and largely untapped dataset for answering questions about past populations using empirical methods. One such question centers around the assumptions that infant mortality was high in societies without modern fertility control and that infant remains are more likely to be poorly preserved and recovered from archaeological contexts than adult bones. To assess this, excavated osteological populations of European descent from historic cemeteries (1600-1950 AD) were studied for their age composition as compared to historical records and Model life tables. These datasets were then considered in their taphonomic contexts to determine which factors most affect preservation and recovery. The resulting calculation of the mortality and preservation of each population were compared statistically with traditional high mortality estimates, and appliedexperimentally to cemetery populations with an unknown number of infants and children. Osteologically derived infant mortality was found to range most commonly from 10-35%, with a 10-15% loss between burial and recovery. These figures were found to be useful in assessing early life mortality in more ancient populations. The most unexpected result was the finding that loss of data, and the resulting inability to study osteological questions with excavated historic cemeteries in general, correlated with substandard archaeological methods in some historic cemetery excavations rather than natural forces. A revival of basic, traditional archaeological methodology is necessary to maintain professional ethics; the modernization of cultural resource law in America is needed to facilitate this.

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Deed, Stephen, and n/a. "Unearthly landscapes : the development of the cemetery in nineteenth century New Zealand." University of Otago. Department of History, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070627.111502.

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Summary: Written, visual and material evidence demonstrates that the indigenous and immigrant peoples of nineteenth century New Zealand both retained aspects of their traditional burial practices and forms of memorialisation while modifying others in response to their new environmental and social contexts. Maori had developed a complex set of burial rituals by the beginning of the nineteenth century, practised within the framework of tangihanga. These included primary and secondary burial and limited memorialisation, with practices varying between iwi. Change and continuity characterised the development of Maori burial practices and materials, translated traditional practices into new materials, and new practices into traditional materials. Although urupa came to appear more European, they were still firmly embedded in the framework of tangihanga and notions of tapu. The nineteenth century settlement of New Zealand occurred at a time of transition in British burial practices, with the traditional churchyard burial ground giving way to the modern cemetery. The predominantly British settlers transplanted both institutions to the colonial context. The cemeteries, churchyards and burial grounds created in nineteenth century New Zealand were influenced by a great number of factors. These included the materials available, the religious and ethnic make up of settler society, regionalism, economic ties, major events, political and social conditions, means of establishment and function. These processes, events, and influences resulted in a rich yet neglected material culture of urupa, cemeteries, churchyards, burial grounds and lone graves which are today valuable components of our historic and cultural landscapes. Portions of this heritage have already been lost through decay and destruction. Neglect is now the major threat. Part of this neglect is due to the fact that we do not understand our cemeteries, what they show, how and why they have developed over time. Neglect is also engendered by cultural perceptions of what is valuable. While Maori regard urupa and burial places as toanga and sacred sites, Pakeha have tended to ignore their historic cemeteries. Such attitudes have been reflected and enforced by the policy of external agencies such as the New Zealand Historic Places Trust. New Zealand�s nineteenth century cemeteries have a great but under-utilised research potential, which it is important to recognise if we wish to preserve them.

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Epstein, Lane Richard. "The cemetery and the city : a design exploration." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23352.

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Jones, Jason F. "Places : a columbarium and chapel in Lynchburg's Old City Cemetery /." Thesis, This resource online, 1997. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09092008-064336/.

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Martin, Jean Carol Craig. "In memory of Chelsea's historic cemeteries: Community institutions from pioneer times to the present." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22642.

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Craig, Martin Jean Carol. ""In memory of" Chelsea's historic cemeteries: Community institutions from pioneer times to the present." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0002/MQ45209.pdf.

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Bottos, Ryan. "The placemaking of ritual, remembrance, and loss." PDF viewer required Home page for entire collection, 2007. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.

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Kee, Tara White. "No place for the dead the struggle for burial reform in mid-nineteenth-century London (England) /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 0.91 Mb., 320 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3200544.

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Neiswander, Michael John. "The urban cemetery : the paradigm of sacred space, an analysis and design." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22381.

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Shirley, Charles Eddie. "The cemetery and the analogous." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22961.

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Chan, Ming-chi, and 陳銘芝. "Mound of remembrance: a place not only for afterlife." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47123886.

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Chan, Cin-hang, and 陳倩恆. "Rebirth of the deads: a solution to columarium." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47541647.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cemeteries'

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