Journal articles on the topic 'Cementum ; Dentin ; Teeth – Roots – Permeability'
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1
Oliveira, Fabrício S., Leandro L. Martins, Júlio C. Canola, Paulo T. Oliveira, Jesus D. Pécora, and Ana P. Pauloni. "Macroscopic description of teeth of Azara's agouti (Dasyprocta azarae)." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32, no. 1 (January 2012): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2012000100015.
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The teeth of Azara's agouti (Dasyprocta azarae) were described macroscopically in order to provide biological data on one of the largest wild rodents of the Americas. Radiography was taken on six heads and the teeth were described. Enamel surrounds the coronal dentin, projects to the roots and is present as parallel inner laminae in buccolingual direction. The dentin is located among the enamel laminae and surrounds the pulp horns. The cementum is located internally to the enamel laminae. On the lingual surface, the cementum and dentin are the outer elements.
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Chersoni, S., G. L. Acquaviva, C. Prati, M. Ferrari, S. Grandini, D. H. Pashley, and F. R. Tay. "In vivo Fluid Movement through Dentin Adhesives in Endodontically Treated Teeth." Journal of Dental Research 84, no. 3 (March 2005): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910508400303.
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Fluid transudation through simplified dentin adhesives can occur in bonded vital crown dentin, since these adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. The effect of adhesive permeability in endodontically treated teeth is unknown. This study examined the hypothesis that in vivo fluid movement through simplified adhesives occurs when they are applied to root canals. Dowel spaces were prepared in endodontically treated teeth with single root canals. Six adhesives were applied to the intra-radicular dentin of canal walls. Impressions were obtained with polyvinyl siloxane, and replicas were fabricated with the use of polyether impression material. Replica hemisections were gold-coated for SEM examination. Fluid transudation was evident on the adhesive surfaces of all simplified total-etch and self-etch adhesives. Conversely, most of the specimens bonded with the control three-step total-etch adhesive were devoid of fluid droplets. Permeability of simplified adhesives results in water movement, even in root-treated dentin. This may adversely affect the coupling of auto-/dual-cured resin cements.
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Ribeiro, Rodrigo Gonçalves, Melissa Andreia Marchesan, Ricardo Gariba Silva, Manoel D. Sousa-Neto, and Jesus Djalma Pécora. "Dentin permeability of the apical third in different groups of teeth." Brazilian Dental Journal 21, no. 3 (2010): 216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402010000300007.
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This ex vivo study evaluated dentin permeability of the root canal in the apical third of different human groups of teeth. Eighty teeth were used, 8 from each dental group: maxillary and mandibular central incisors, lateral incisors and canines, maxillary first premolars (buccal and palatal roots), mandibular first premolars, and maxillary and mandibular second premolars, totalizing 88 roots that were distributed in 11 groups. The root canals were instrumented, irrigated with 1% NaOCl and 15% EDTA. Roots were immersed in 10% copper sulfate for 30 min and then in 1% rubeanic acid alcohol solution for the same period; this chemical reaction reveals dentin permeability by the formation of copper rubeanate, which is a dark-colored compound. Semi-serial 100-µm-thick cross-sections were obtained from the apical third of the roots. Five sections of each apical third were washed, dehydrated, cleared and mounted on glass slides for examination under optical microscopy. The percentage of copper ion infiltration and the amount of tubular dentin were quantified by morphometric analysis. The penetration of copper ions in the apical third ranged from 4.60 to 16.66%. The mandibular central and lateral incisors presented the highest dentin permeability (16.66%), while the maxillary canines and mandibular second and first premolars presented the lowest dentin permeability (4.60%, 4.80% and 5.71%, respectively; p<0.001). The other teeth presented intermediate permeability. In conclusion, dye penetration into dentin tubules at the apical region is strongly dependent on the group of teeth evaluated.
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Byers, M. R., and A. Sugaya. "Odontoblast processes in dentin revealed by fluorescent Di-I." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 43, no. 2 (February 1995): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/43.2.7529786.
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There has been controversy about the length and structure of the odontoblast process within dentin since the earliest histologic studies of teeth. Our objective was to use the fluorescent carbocyanine dye Di-I combined with a new gelatin embedment procedure and confocal microscopy to determine the structure and extent of odontoblast processes in developing and mature rat teeth, injured rat molars, reparative dentin, and adult monkey teeth. We found that odontoblast processes do not extend into outer dentin or to the dentin-enamel junction except during early stages of development. Those in innervated regions of crown are long and straight, whereas those in roots are extensively branched and shorter. Cavity injury to crown dentin caused odontoblast fragments to be aspirated into outer dentin. In reparative dentin the odontoblast processes were branched and similar to those in roots. We used photoconversion and electron microscopy to show that Di-I fills the entire odontoblast after gelatin embedment, including the cytoplasm. This is a different type of carbocyanine staining from any previously reported, and it also stains other cells in adjacent hard tissues such as bone and cementum. The Di-I-gelatin method is a new way to use carbocyanine dyes. It has enabled us to solve a long-standing controversy about the histology of teeth, and it should be useful for many other studies of cell structure.
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Amro, Soliman O., Hisham I. Othman, and Mohammed S. Al Zahrani. "Microanalysis of Root Cementum in Patients with Aggressive Periodontitis." Journal of King Abdulaziz University - Medical Sciences 23, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/med.23-1.2.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microanalysis of various elements, and assess the surface characteristics of aggressive periodontally diseased roots in comparison to sound root surface. Fifty teeth were collected: 25 from patients with aggressive periodontitis, and 25 teeth from healthy patients. Measurements of probing depth and clinical attachment loss were taken prior to extractions. Healthy and diseased root cementum were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The collected data were statistically evaluated using t-test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.001. The results of this study showed a significant decrease in the calcium and phosphate contents along the entire root cementum of the aggressive periodontitis and a significant increase in the magnesium and sulphur of the same root in comparison to the control group. In addition, there were remarkable destructions of cementum, crack lines and deep cavities reaching to the underlying dentin. In conclusion, the alteration in cementum structures and composition due to aggressive periodontitis might have an important implication on periodontal therapy. The influence of alteration of cementum.
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Basudan, Thuraya Abdulrahim, Ghaida Mazen Zagzoog, Waad Amer Alshehri, Abdullah Hassan Alammari, Khaled Abid Althaqafi, Zahrah Ali Alamri, Nada Ibrahim Alzurqi, et al. "Role of adhesive attachments in traumatic dental injury." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 12 (November 24, 2021): 6165. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214621.
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Crown root cracking is uncommon, accounting for less than 7% of irreversible damage. All the hard tissues of the teeth (crust, dentin, and cementum), as well as the pulp and periodontal ligament, are commonly involved in these complicated fractures. The care of such instances offers major biological hurdles, and success is dependent on considering a variety of regenerative, endodontic, and temporal variables. Numerous clinical investigations demonstrate that adhesive coronal attachment might be an essential therapy for fractured teeth with crown roots. Because it maintains the original tooth, this technique may save the gums and decrease the time and expense of therapy. Before considering adhesive attachments for dental fractures, several factors should be considered-the site and size of the fracture, the fracture pattern, and the position of traumatized teeth. The aim of the article was to review the role of adhesive attachments in a traumatic dental injury.
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Labidi, Amel, Sana Bekri, Lamia Mansour, and Sonia Ghoul-Mazgar. "Implants Placement in Contact with Dental Tissue: A Potential Paradigm Shift? Systematic Literature Review." European Journal of Dentistry 13, no. 04 (October 2019): 642–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697213.
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AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the literature for clinical and histological data of an unconventional treatment with implants placement in contact with dental tissue (IPICDT) and to try to clarify its indications and surgical procedure particularities.Relevant publications published until May 2019 on the IPICDT were thoroughly reviewed. Search strategy was developed using a controlled vocabulary combination.Medline’s exploration and manual research identified 397 articles; 15 of these were selected after screening. IPICDT was indicated in three clinical situations: impacted teeth, ankylosed teeth, or residual roots. Clinical and radiological follow-up were satisfied except for implants placed in contact with (and not through) roots. Histological analysis revealed different mineralized tissues formed on the implant surface: cementum on removed implants in human and osteodentin on implants placed in contact with animal teeth dentin and pulp. These findings were described as new concept of implants’ “Mineral integration.”According to this study, the follow-up results of implants placed in contact with roots were controversial. Some implants were stable and others were either removed or kept and disinfected after root extraction because of bacterial infection. However, implants placed through ankylosed or impacted teeth were stable. These findings suggest that the clinicians have to be cautious when applying this unconventional approach. Further studies are recommended to explore its long follow-up. It is also interesting to explore this technique in cases of syndromic dental diseases with several impacted teeth (such as cleidocranial dysplasia; or amelogenesis imperfecta).
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Bogra, Poonam, Suresh Kumar Saini, and Amita Saini. "Diagnosis and Treatment of Inflammatory Root Resorption by Intentional Reimplantation." International Journal of Experimental Dental Science 1, no. 2 (2012): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1026.
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ABSTRACT External root resorption is a lytic process occurring in the cementum or cementum and dentin of the roots of teeth. It is frequently caused by trauma. Such cases are often difficult to diagnose especially if lesion is on buccal or lingual side, and at times may be difficult to treat using conventional root canal treatment, with extraction being left the only alternative. This article describes the diagnosis and treatment of a case of inflammatory resorption of palatal wall of palatal root of maxillary left first molar by intentional reimplantation. The provisional diagnosis was made from clinical and radiographic observations. The treatment consisted of intentional reimplantation. After extraction it was found that palatal wall of palatal root had been resorbed from furcation till apex. After the resection of the palatal root at the point of resorption, tooth was obturated, reimplanted and splinted. This tooth is serving well since 5 years. How to cite this article Saini SK, Bogra P, Saini A. Diagnosis and Treatment of Inflammatory Root Resorption by Intentional Reimplantation. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2012;1(2):106-109.
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P M, Dr Jini, Dr Shibani Shetty, Dr Jayalakshmi K B, Dr Prasannalatha Nadig, and Dr Sujatha I. "Caries protective effect of two Self-etch dentin bonding agents on denuded root dentin surface: In Vitro Study." RGUHS Journal of Dental Sciences 11, no. 2 (2019): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26715/rjds.11_2_7.
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Objective: To evaluate the caries protective effect of two self-etching dental adhesive agents on the denuded root surface. Materials and methods: The roots of 30 freshly extracted , non-carious human premolars were cleaned and denuded of cementum. The teeth surfaces were covered with acid-resistant nail varnish, exposing two rectangular windows (lingual and buccal surface) of 4 x 4 mm each. The window on the lingual furface served as the control , while the buccal window were treated with dentin bonding agent. All specimens were store in acidifed gel for 6 days for demineralization. The specimens were then divided among two experimental groups-Group A: Optibond all in one and Group B: Bond-1SF.In Group C (control group) bonding agent was not applied. The specimens were stored in 0.9% sodium chloride solution for 14 days. Plano parallel tooth sections (80 ± 20 μm) were obtained. Tooth sections were evaluated for caries‑like demineralized zone under a polarized microscope. The values obtained were analyzed using one‑way ANOVA and Tukey honesty tests. Results: In the Control group the mean depth of demineralization was 80.08µm .The depth of demineralization was significantly reduced in Group A and B. Conclusion: Self-etching dental adhesive agents with and without solvent is an effective method to prevent demineralization of root dentin.
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PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Edmêr Silvestre, Maria Francisca Thereza Borro BIJELLA, Salete Moura Bonifácio da SILVA, and Bernardo Gonzales VONO. "In vitro evaluation of marginal microleakage of class II bonded amalgam restorations using a dentin adhesive and a glass ionomer cement." Revista de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo 13, no. 2 (April 1999): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-06631999000200002.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effectiveness of the dentin bonding system All Bond 2 associated with Resinomer (Bisco), and of Vitrebond (3M) glass ionomer cement fresh-mixed, both used in the bonded amalgam technique, to prevent short-term microleakage in class II cavities restored with Dispersalloy (Dentsply), an admixed alloy. The control group utilized the Copalite (Cooley & Cooley) varnish. Forty five sound human extracted premolars were used. Class II cavity preparations were made on the mesial and distal surfaces of non-carious teeth, with the gingival margins wall established 1mm under the cementum enamel junction. The specimens were divided randomly into three groups with thirty cavities in each group. The teeth were stored in distilled water for 24 hours and were thermocyled through 500 cycles in distilled water between 5°C and 55°C with a dwell time of 15 seconds. The apices and roots of the teeth were sealed. They were placed in a 37°C bath of 0.5% basic fuchsin dye for 24 hours. The teeth were washed in tap water for 24 hours and cut. The microleakage scores per restoration were averaged and three values of various test groups were subjected to the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn test at a significance level of p < 0.05. The All Bond 2/Resinomer showed significantly less microleakage at gingival margins than the Vitrebond and Copalite lined to amalgam restorations. The Vitrebond fresh mixed, lined to amalgam restorations, showed significantly less microleakage than the Copalite lined to amalgam restorations.
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Baraldi, Carlos Eduardo, and Edela Puricelli. "Estudo in vitro das alterações morfológicas da superfície de raízes submetidas à apicectomia e írradiadas com laser de Nd:YAG." Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre 40, no. 2 (October 28, 2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.110988.
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Introduction: success rates of apical surgery are variable, and there are several causes of failure related in the literature. Among them, permeability of exposed dentin at the apical surface after apicoectomies has been receiving much attention, Nd: YAG laser irradiation can decrease this permeability, but its effects on root surface are not completely known. Objectives: evaluate morphological alterations of apical surface, specially surface smoothness, after Nd: YAG non contact laser irradiation, in different powers, in vitro. Material and Methods: thirty extracted human cuspids, maintained in distilled water had its crowns removed, and were endodontically treated in standard technique. Apicoectomy performed, removing 4 mm most apical of roots, using handpiece. Teeth were divided in three groups of 10 each. Half of the area of each apical surface was irradiated with Nd:YAG laser in non contact mode, for 30 seconds. Three different powers were used- three groups of 10 each. Half of the area of each apical surface was irradiated.
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Baitus, N. A., and Y. P. Chernyavski. "AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO THE TREATMENT OF TRANSVERSE FRACTURES OF MOLAR ROOTS." Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University 20, no. 3 (June 15, 2021): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22263/2312-4156.2021.3.90.
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A tooth fracture is a traumatic injury to a tooth with the disturbance of its crown or root part integrity. A root fracture is a fracture that involves cementum, dentin, periodontium and, in some cases, dental pulp. Root fractures occur in 0.2-7% of all cases of permanent teeth injuries. The aim of the study was to investigate clinical effectiveness of using a material based on hydroxyapatite «Bioplast-Dent» paste and a material based on mineral trioxide aggregate - «Rutsil» in the treatment of a transverse fracture of the medial tooth root 4.6 (clinical case). The object of the study was a patient with a fracture of the medial tooth root 4.6 and destructive processes in the tissues of the apical periodontium of tooth 4.6, who applied to the Chair of Restorative Dentistry with the course of the Faculty for Advanced Training & Retraining of «VSMU» in 2019. Temporary obturation of the root canals of the root of tooth 4.6 was performed using the material based on hydroxyapatite «Bioplast-Dent» in the form of a paste. Permanent obturation of the root canals of the root of tooth 4.6 was carried out using domestic material based on mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) - «Rutsil». The final restoration of the tooth crown was carried out after X-ray control from the moment of permanent obturation of the root canals in 3 months. Additionally, dynamic R-control was performed in 12 months. The results of the treatment have shown that the use of hydroxyapatite-containing paste and domestic material based on mineral trioxide aggregate - «Rutsil» brings about activation of osteogenesis in periodontal tissues and stops the process of resorption in the fracture line, shortening the time of bone tissue recovery and contributing to a greater success of treatment.
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Khabadze, Zurab, Magomed-Ali Gasbanov, Aleksey Bolyachin, Tahir Taberdiev, and Oleg Mordanov. "THE FEATURES OF CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS, COMPLICATED BY FURCATION DEFECTS. CAUSES OF DEFECTS. LITERATURE REVIEW." Actual problems in dentistry 18, no. 3 (November 23, 2022): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2022-18-3-57-64.
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Periodontal tissue diseases remain one of the urgent problems in modern dentistry due to their high prevalence and the number of complications after treatment. The prolonged asymptomatic course of chronic forms of periodontitis causes an increase in destructive processes not only in periodontal tissues and alveolar bone, but also contributes to the resorption of cementum and root dentin, which causes the formation of bone pockets, called furcation defects. Involvement in the pathological process of the zone of divergence of the roots significantly complicates the course of the disease, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. The complexity of diagnosis, the variability of treatment methods depending on the overall clinical picture and the high percentage of tooth loss when the furcation area is involved in the pathological process determine the relevance of the research topic. Purpose: to study the features of chronic periodontitis complicated by furcation defects and to identify the main causes of these defects. Materials and Methods: the analysis of domestic and foreign publications placed in the eLibrary and PubMed databases was carried out by keywords. Results. The analysis of literature data on the features of chronic periodontitis complicated by furcation defects is carried out, the issues of the etiology of this pathology are considered. Conclusion. It is shown that the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis complicated by furcation defects is one of the important problems of dentistry, which is determined by the significant prevalence of the disease and the incidence of complications after treatment. The most common etiological factor in furcation lesions is microbial invasion, which causes an inflammatory process, the progression of which leads to bone resorption in the area of the furcation arch of the teeth. Also, the etiological factors of periodontal pathogenic genesis, endodontic lesions, fractures, iatrogenic factors, as well as anatomical features contribute to the involvement of furcation.
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Байтус, Н. А., and Ю. П. Чернявский. "Choice of Materials for Treatment of Transverse Fractures of Molar Roots." Стоматология. Эстетика. Инновации, no. 1 (April 18, 2021): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2021.5.1.008.
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Перелом зуба – это травматическое повреждение зуба с нарушением целостности его коронковой либо корневой части. Перелом корня – это перелом, повреждающий цемент, дентин, периодонт и в некоторых случаях пульпу зуба. Переломы корня встречаются в 0,2–7% случаев травмирования постоянных зубов. Целью исследования явилось клиническое изучение эффективности использования материала на основе гидроксиапатита «Биопласт-Дент» пасты и материала на основе минерал триоксид агрегата (МТА) «Рутсил» при лечении поперечного перелома медиального корня зуба 4.6 (клинический случай). Объектом исследования явился пациент с переломом медиального корня зуба 4.6 и деструктивными процессами в тканях апикального периодонта зуба 4.6, который обратился на кафедру терапевтической стоматологии с курсом ФПК и ПК УО «ВГМУ» в 2019 г. Временную обтурацию корневых каналов корня зуба 4.6 проводили материалом на основе гидроксиапатита «Биопласт-Дент» в форме пасты. Постоянную обтурацию корневых каналов корня зуба 4.6 осуществляли с использованием отечественного материала на основе МТА. Окончательную реставрацию коронки зуба осуществляли после рентген-контроля с момента постоянной обтурации корневых каналов через 3 месяца. Дополнительно динамически R-контроль проводили через 12 месяцев. Результаты лечения показали, что применение гидроксиапатит-содержащей пасты и отечественного материала на основе МТА вызывает активизацию остеогенеза в тканях периодонта и приостанавливает процесс резорбции в линии перелома, сокращая сроки восстановления костной ткани и повышая успех лечения. A fracture of a tooth is a traumatic injury to a tooth with a violation of the integrity of its crown or root part. A root fracture is a fracture that includes cementum, dentin, periodontium and, in some cases, tooth pulp. Root fractures occur in 0.2–7% of permanent teeth injuries. The aim of the study was a clinical study of the effectiveness of using a material based on hydroxyapatite «Bioplast- Dent» paste and a material based on mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) “Rutsil” in the treatment of a transverse fracture of the medial tooth root 4.6 (clinical case). The object of the study was a patient with a fracture of the medial root of tooth 4.6 and destructive processes in the tissues of the apical periodontium of tooth 4.6, who applied to the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry witha course of FAT and R «VSMU» in 2019. Temporary obturation of the root canals of the tooth root was performed with a material based on hydroxyapatite «Bioplast-Dent» in the form of a paste. Permanent obturation of the root canals of the tooth root 4.6 was carried out using a domestic material based on MTA. The final restoration of the crown of the tooth was carried out after X-ray control from the moment of permanent obturation of the root canals after 3 months. Additionally, dynamic R-control was performed after 12 months. The results of the treatment showed that the use of hydroxyapatite-containing paste and domestic material based on MTA activates osteogenesis in periodontal tissues and stops the process of resorption in the fracture line, shortening the recovery of bone tissue and increasing the success of treatment.
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Goldberg, Michel. "Dental Roots: Formation, Lengthening and Malformations of Roots." SOJ Dental and Oral Disorder 1, no. 3 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.53902/sojdod.2021.01.000514.
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The Hertwig’s Epithelial Root Sheath (HERS) includes two layers: the Outer Enamel Epithelial Root Sheath and the Inner Enamel Epithelium Epithelium (IEE and OEE). They contribute both to the root formation. The inner columnar epithelial cells (IEE) of the dental papilla are formed by cells located near the dental papilla. They are at the origin of odontoblasts expressing FGF-4, -8 and -9 and at later stages BMP-2 and BMP7. The Outer Epithelial cells (OEE) express SHH, Msx2, enamel matrix proteins, paxillin, and Pax-6. When the cells of the HERS dissociate, intercellular spaces enlarge. Cells migrate from the epithelial sac, and underwent phenotypic inter conversion into cementoblasts and later cementocytes. The Hertwigs enamel epithelium contributes to cementum formation. Epithelial rest of Malassez is remnants of the Hertwig’s root sheath. They are implicated in cementogenesis. Root lengthening and dentin thickening are involved in root elongation and dentin thickening to the detriment of the pulp chamber that is gradually reduced in volume. Apexogenesis and apexification contribute to root formation. Defects and abnormal root formation implicate missing teeth(hypodontia), orteeth in excess (supernumary teeth or hyperdontia) or mis-shapped structures. Genetic defects (Nfic, Ptc, Dkk1, Osx, Smad4, and Wls) have been identified. Premature arrests of root formation are due to apical infection, radiation, chemotherapy, as well as genes alterations. Roots malformations include root dilacerations which are abnormal curvature of the root and sharp bend of the crown or root axis. Taurodontism and other misshaped root structures are also frequently seen in man. Two main forms have been recognized: 1) the CLCN7 encoding a chloride channel, and 2) the second related to a defective PLG gene (encoding plasminogen). Altogether, theses defects contribute to major endodontic difficulties.
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Proost, Kirsten, Carsten Staszyk, Matthieu N. Boone, Jörg Vogelsberg, Ivàn Josipovic, Lieven Vlaminck, and Koen Chiers. "A histological description of alpaca (Vicugna pacos) cheek teeth: Findings and anatomical variations in macroscopically normal molars." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 9 (October 31, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.972973.
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Scientific literature on veterinary dentistry in alpacas has historically focused on the description of tooth root abscesses. However, recent studies have shown a variety of other, sometimes preceding dental conditions to be widespread in this species. To allow the development and finetuning of treatment strategies in this species, a more thorough understanding of the underlying etiopathogenesis of dental disease is required. Histological studies focusing on normal dental and surrounding tissues might serve as a basis for this purpose. Nine teeth, extracted from seven alpacas were collected. All samples were retrieved from animals that died or were euthanized for non-dental reasons. Histological sections were prepared at three different levels in each tooth and examined using light microscopy focusing on the assessment of pulp tissue, dentin, cementum, periodontal tissues and the apical region. The histological appearance of the investigated dental tissues in alpacas showed great similarities with other hypsodont species. However, a rather rare type of dentin called “vasodentin” could be identified in all examined cheek teeth. Another species-specific finding was the extremely close proximity of varying neighboring tooth roots that seemed to be responsible for inducing massive resorptive lesions. The results of this study might contribute to a better understanding of the etiopathogenesis of some dental diseases in the alpaca.
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Abo-Alazm, Emad Abd Elfatah, and Rehab Khalil Safy. "Impact of Immediate Dentin Sealing Using Universal Adhesive under Simulated Pulp Pressure on Microtensile Bond Strength of Indirect Resin Composite Restorations and Dentin Permeability." European Journal of Dentistry, November 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735442.
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Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) technique using universal adhesive under simulated pulp pressure on microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of indirect resin composite restorations and dentin permeability. Materials and Methods Fifty extracted caries-free human third molars were used for specimens' preparation. Each molar's occlusal table was abraded flat and their roots were separated under continuous water cooling. Forty specimens were used for microtensile bond strength test (µTBST) evaluation. The µTBST specimens were randomly assigned to two groups according to the dentin sealing time; Immediate dentin sealing (IDS) and delayed dentin sealing (DDS). Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups according to the adhesive system used for dentin sealing: iBOND self-etch adhesive and GLUMA Bond Universal. All specimens were exposed to simulated pulp pressure for 1 week then restored using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin composite blocks. The µTBS was evaluated for all tested subgroups after 24 hours and 6 months of water storage. The remaining 10 teeth were used for the preparation of dentin discs for dentin permeability evaluation. They were divided into two groups according to type of self-etch adhesive used. Fluid filtration rate was evaluated after etching, with smear layer and after adhesive application. Results obtained were statistically analyzed using Shapiro–Wilk test and Weibull analysis. Results Statistically significant difference was recorded between μTBS mean values of both IDS and DDS techniques at 24 hours and after 6 months of water storage. GLUMA Bond Universal adhesive had significantly higher bond strength compared with iBond at both IDS and DDS techniques, but both adhesives showed a significant reduction in the Weibull characteristic strength after 6 months of water storage. Significant reduction in dentin permeability was recorded by both adhesives without any significant difference between them. Conclusions The IDS technique using universal adhesive in self-etch mode is an effective strategy for improving the final bond strength of CAD/CAM resin composite restorations and reducing dentin permeability.
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Govula, Kiranmayi. "Effect of Laser Activated Sodium Hypochlorite on Sealing Ability of Two Endodontic Sealers Using Stereomicroscope-An In vitro Study." Open Access Journal of Dental Sciences 6, no. 3 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajds-16000302.
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Introduction: The combination of various irrigants, irrigation techniques along with root canal sealers helps in achieving a three-dimensional seal in root canals, which is of clinical relevance. The present in-vitro study aims to assess and compare the efficacy of laser-activated NaOCl on the sealing ability of two endodontic sealers. Materials and Methods: Forty extracted human single-rooted permanent teeth were collected and decoronated 12 mm from their apices. Instrumentation did with an 11 mm working length using Rotary Pro taper files to F3. All the teeth grouped into four (n= 10) based on irrigation protocol and sealer used as follows: Group A1 – Laser activated NaOCl + AH Plus Group A2 – Laser activated NaOCl +nano seal, Group B1 – NaOCl + AH Plus, Group B2 – NaOCl + nano seal. The lateral condensation technique did obturation. Roots stored in freshly prepared 1% methylene blue for 72 hours. The roots were split longitudinally along the long axis using a diamond disc underwater coolant, and markings made at 2, 4, and 6 mm from the apex. The depth of dye penetration and microleakage examined under a stereomicroscope (Magnus) at 30× magnification. Results: Statistical analysis carried out by using the software, statistical package for social sciences [SPSS]. Results represented in the form of minimum, mean, and standard deviation. Conclusion: The laser-activated NaOCl group exhibited better sealing ability than the control group. Among the two sealers, the Bio root RCS sealer showed less leakage & better sealing ability than AH plus Clinical Significance: Increasing the temperature of low concentration sodium hypochlorite solution by the action of the diode laser, not only enhances its immediate tissue dissolution capacity but also increased the dentin permeability by removing the smear layer. Further leading to better adhesion between the root canal sealer and the gutta-percha with the radicular dentin.
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Tokavanich, Nicha, Marc N. Wein, Jeryl D. English, Noriaki Ono, and Wanida Ono. "The Role of Wnt Signaling in Postnatal Tooth Root Development." Frontiers in Dental Medicine 2 (November 12, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2021.769134.
Full textAbstract:
Appropriate tooth root formation and tooth eruption are critical for achieving and maintaining good oral health and quality of life. Tooth eruption is the process through which teeth emerge from their intraosseous position to their functional position in the oral cavity. This temporospatial process occurs simultaneously with tooth root formation through a cascade of interactions between the epithelial and adjoining mesenchymal cells. Here, we will review the role of the Wnt system in postnatal tooth root development. This signaling pathway orchestrates the process of tooth root formation and tooth eruption in conjunction with several other major signaling pathways. The Wnt signaling pathway is comprised of the canonical, or Wnt/β-catenin, and the non-Canonical signaling pathway. The expression of multiple Wnt ligands and their downstream transcription factors including β-catenin is found in the cells in the epithelia and mesenchyme starting from the initiation stage of tooth development. The inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling in an early stage arrests odontogenesis. Wnt transcription factors continue to be present in dental follicle cells, the progenitor cells responsible for differentiation into cells constituting the tooth root and the periodontal tissue apparatus. This expression occurs concurrently with osteogenesis and cementogenesis. The conditional ablation of β-catenin in osteoblast and odontoblast causes the malformation of the root dentin and cementum. On the contrary, the overexpression of β-catenin led to shorter molar roots with thin and hypo-mineralized dentin, along with the failure of tooth eruption. Therefore, the proper expression of Wnt signaling during dental development is crucial for regulating the proliferation, differentiation, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal interaction essential for tooth root formation and tooth eruption.