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Academic literature on the topic 'Cemented'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cemented"

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Badrian, Hamid, Mahmoud Sabouhi, Saeid Nosouhian, Amin Davoudi, Farzaneh Nourbakhshian, and Fatemeh Naderi Nabe. "The Effect of Eugenol-Free Temporary Cement's Remnants on Retention of Full Metal Crowns: Comparative Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 14, no. 3 (2013): 473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1347.

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ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of eugenol-free temporary cement's remnants on the retentive strength of full metal crowns luted via zinc phosphate and resin cement (Maxcem) to the tooth structure. Materials and methods Forty complete standardized Ni-Cr crowns in four groups were cemented by two types of permanent cements: zinc phosphate cement and resin cement (Maxcem). In the two groups before permanent cementation of crowns, temporary acrylic crowns were cemented by eugenol-free temporary cement. Crowns¡¦ retention was evaluated by Universal testing machine. All data were analyzed by means of one-way ANOVA test in SPSS software version 11.5 (α = 0.05). Results There was no significant difference in groups with prior using eugenol-free temporary cement and groups with just using two permanents cement (p-value ≥ 0.05). Discussion The application of temporary cement before permanent cementation of full metal crowns does not have any adverse effect on retention of full metal crowns, when temporary cements are removed properly. How to cite this article Sabouhi M, Nosouhian S, Davoudi A, Nourbakhshian F, Badrian H, Nabe FN. The Effect of Eugenol- Free Temporary Cement's Remnants on Retention of Full Metal Crowns: Comparative Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14(3):473-477.
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Rego, Mariana Ribeiro de Moraes, and Luiz Carlos Santiago. "Retention of provisional crowns cemented with eight temporary cements: comparative study." Journal of Applied Oral Science 12, no. 3 (September 2004): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572004000300009.

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Many temporary cements are commercially available; therefore, it is necessary to indicate them for each clinical requirement with regard to the tensile strength of prosthetic retainers. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the retention of provisional crowns cemented with eight temporary cements, over full crown preparations with standardized mechanical principles as height, taper, and length. For that purpose, eighty human first premolars received full crown preparation with standardized height and taper. Provisional crowns were fabricated and luted with eight brands of temporary cements. Twenty four hours after cementation, the restorations were submitted to tensile strength test in a universal testing machine and the data submitted to ANOVA and Bonferroni tests. Mean tensile strength values ranged from 20.1N for Nogenol cement to 67.5N for Hydro C cement. Statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found between Hydro C and the other groups, except for Temp Bond and Rely X Temp, which presented statistically significant difference when compared to Freegenol and Nogenol temporary cements. The crowns cemented with Hydro C cement were more retentive that than those cemented with the other cements, except for Rely X Temp and Temp Bond. The less retentive crowns were those cemented with Nogenol and Freegenol temporary cements.
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Bandéca, Matheus Coelho, Adriano Augusto Melo de Mendonça, Etevaldo Matos Maia Filho, Fausto da Silva Bramante, Darlon Martins Lima, Daniele Meira Conde, Vandilson Pinheiro Rodrigues, Soraia de Fátima Carvalho Souza, José Roberto Oliveira Bauer, and Suellen Nogueira Linares Lima. "Influence of Relining Post on the Bond Strength of Resin Cements." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 7 (2015): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1722.

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ABSTRACT This study evaluated the influence of relining fiber posts on the bond strength (BS) of resin cements in the root canal. Forty bovine teeth were divided in four groups (n = 10)G1 (ARC)—fiber post cemented with resin cement RelyX ARC; G2 (ARC+Z350)—relined fiber post cemented with RelyX ARC; G3 (U200)—fiber post cemented with self-adhesive cement RelyX U200; G4 (U200+Z350)—relined fiber post cemented with RelyX U200. The roots were sectioned in six 1.2-mm slices and the push-out test was performed. Data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). For the conventional resin cement, there was no significant difference between groups G1-ARC (15.5 ± 3.8) and G2-ARC+Z350 (16.1 ± 4.5). For the self-adhesive cement, the results revealed higher BS values for relined posts G4-U200 + Z350 (19.9 ± 7.9) as compared to non-relined posts G3-U200 (14.4 ± 4.5). For both cements, in groups of relined posts, the apical and the cervical thirds presented similar BS. Relining enhances the performance of the self-adhesive resin cement, and the interaction between relining and root third influences the BS to the conventional resin cement. How to cite this article Conde DM, Rodrigues VP, de Fátima Carvalho Souza S, Bauer JRO, da Silva Bramante F, Lima SNL, Filho EMM, Bandeca MC, de Mendonça AAM, Lima DM. Influence of Relining Post on the Bond Strength of Resin Cements. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):559-564.
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Cantekin, Kenan, Ebru Delikan, and Secil Cetin. "In vitro bond strength and fatigue stress test evaluation of different adhesive cements used for fixed space maintainer cementation." European Journal of Dentistry 08, no. 03 (July 2014): 314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.137632.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The purposes of this research were to (1) compare the shear-peel bond strength (SPBS) of a band of a fixed space maintainer (SM) cemented with five different adhesive cements; and (2) compare the survival time of bands of SM with each cement type after simulating mechanical fatigue stress. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five teeth were used to assess retentive strength and another 50 teeth were used to assess the fatigue survival time. SPBS was determined with a universal testing machine. Fatigue testing was conducted in a ball mill device. Results: The mean survival time of bands cemented with R & D series Nova Glass-LC (6.2 h), Transbond Plus (6.7 h), and R & D series Nova Resin (6.8 h) was significantly longer than for bands cemented with Ketac-Cem (5.4 h) and GC Equia (5.2 h) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Although traditional glass ionomer cement (GIC) cement presented higher retentive strength than resin-based cements (resin, resin modified GIC, and compomer cement), resin based cements, especially dual cure resin cement (nova resin cement) and compomer (Transbond Plus), can be expected to have lower failure rates for band cementation than GIC (Ketac-Cem) in the light of the results of the ball mill test.
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Marchan, Shivaughn, Larry Coldero, Robert Whiting, and Salvacion Barclay. "In vitro evaluation of the retention of zirconia-based ceramic posts luted with glass ionomer and resin cements." Brazilian Dental Journal 16, no. 3 (December 2005): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402005000300008.

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The retention of zirconia-based ceramic posts (CosmoPost system) luted with glass ionomer and resin cements was evaluated. Thirty-two extracted, caries-free, unrestored teeth were selected and stored in chlorhexidine and water solution. The teeth were endodontically treated and randomly assigned to two groups (n=16). Each tooth was decoronated and prepared to a depth of 10.0 mm from root surface to receive a 1.4 mm diameter zirconium dioxide post. Each group had posts cemented with either glass ionomer cement (Fuji I) or resin cement (Variolink II). The post/teeth specimens were embedded in resin blocks and subjected to tensile testing. The tensile force required to dislodge the cemented posts in a tensile testing machine was recorded. The mean stress values of both groups were analyzed for statistical differences using ANOVA and Student's t-test. Significance level was set at 5%. Mean peak forces at failure (N) and standard deviation for the tested cements were the following: Fuji I = 121.8 (±17.4) and Variolink II = 228.1 (±36.8). Posts luted with the resin cement presented statistically significant higher tensile bond strength than those retained with glass ionomer (p<0.05). It may be concluded that zirconia posts cemented with resin-based cement (Variolink II) failed at statistically significant higher values compared to those cemented with glass ionomer cement (Fuji I). Regardless of the cement type, the posts failed adhesively at the cement/post interface when subjected to a tensile force.
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Al-Wahadni, Ahed M., David L. Hussey, Nicholas Grey, and Muhanad M. Hatamleh. "Fracture Resistance of Aluminium Oxide and Lithium Disilicate-based Crowns using Different Luting Cements: An in vitro Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 10, no. 2 (2009): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-10-2-51.

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Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the fracture resistance of two types of ceramic crowns cemented with two different cements. Methods and Materials Forty premolar crowns were fabricated using lithium-disilicate (IPS Empress-2) and glass-infiltrated aluminium-oxide (In-Ceram) ceramic systems. The crowns were divided into four groups (n=10) with Group 1 (IPS Empress-2) and Group 2 (In-Ceram) cemented with glass ionomer cement. Group 3 (IPS Empress-2) and Group 4 (In-Ceram) were cemented with resin cement. Crowns were tested in a universal testing machine at a compressive-load speed of 10 mm/min. Fracture modes were grouped into five categories. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used to detect statistical significances (p<0.05). Results The mean (SD) fracture resistance (Newtons) for Groups 1 to 4 were: 245.35 (82.69), 390.48 (67.03), 269.69 (10.33), and 418.36 (26.24). The cement type had no statistical significant effect (p>0.05) on fracture resistance within each ceramic system tested. In-Ceram crowns cemented with either glass ionomer or resin cements exhibited a statistically significantly higher fracture-resistance than IPS Empress-2 crowns (p<0.05). Minimal fracture in the test crowns was the common mode exhibited. Conclusion Fracture resistance of IPS Empress-2 and In-Ceram crowns was not affected by the type of cement used for luting. Clinical Significance Both In-Ceram and IPS Empress-2 crowns can be successfully luted with the cements tested with In-Ceram exhibiting higher fracture resistance than IPS Empress-2. Citation Al-Wahadni AM, Hussey DL, Grey N, Hatamleh MM. Fracture Resistance of Aluminium Oxide and Lithium Disilicate-based Crowns using Different Luting Cements: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 March; (10)2:051-058.
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Naumova, Ella, Felix Roth, Berit Geis, Christine Baulig, Wolfgang Arnold, and Andree Piwowarczyk. "Influence of Luting Materials on the Retention of Cemented Implant-Supported Crowns: An In Vitro Study." Materials 11, no. 10 (September 28, 2018): 1853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11101853.

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The retention force of cemented crowns on implant abutments with various luting materials was evaluated. Cobalt–chromium crowns were cemented onto tapered titanium abutments (Camlog) with eugenol-free temporary cement (RelyX TempBond NE), composite-based temporary cement (Bifix Temp), zinc phosphate cement (Harvard Cement), glass-ionomer cements (Meron, Fuji I), and resin-modified glass-ionomer cements (Fuji II, Fuji Plus, Ketac Cem Plus). Specimen aging via hydrostress was performed in artificial saliva at 37 °C for 14 days (S1), followed by hydrothermal stress with thermocycling (S2). The crowns were removed, and the force was recorded (T1). Subsequently, the crowns were recemented, aged, and removed, and the force was recorded (T2, T3). The retention forces differences were statistically significant according to the storage conditions at T1 (p = 0.002) and T3 (p = 0.0002). After aging (S1), Ketac Cem Plus had the highest retention force median value difference (T3 versus T1) (−773 N), whereas RelyX TempBond NE had the lowest (−146 N). After aging (S2), Meron had the highest retention force median value difference (−783 N), whereas RelyX TempBond NE had the lowest (−168 N). Recementation decreased the retention force of the implant-supported cobalt–chromium crowns cemented and recemented with the same luting materials. Luting materials (at T1) and aging conditions significantly impacted the retention force.
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Orsi, Iara A., Fernando K. Varoli, Carlos H. P. Pieroni, Marly C. C. G. Ferreira, and Eduardo Borie. "In Vitro Tensile Strength of Luting Cements on Metallic Substrate." Brazilian Dental Journal 25, no. 2 (April 2014): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302290.

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The aim of this study was to determine the tensile strength of crowns cemented on metallic substrate with four different types of luting agents. Twenty human maxillary molars with similar diameters were selected and prepared to receive metallic core castings (Cu-Al). After cementation and preparation the cores were measured and the area of crown's portion was calculated. The teeth were divided into four groups based on the luting agent used to cement the crowns: zinc phosphate cement; glass ionomer cement; resin cement Rely X; and resin cement Panavia F. The teeth with the crowns cemented were subjected to thermocycling and later to the tensile strength test using universal testing machine with a load cell of 200 kgf and a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The load required to dislodge the crowns was recorded and converted to MPa/mm2. Data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis analysis with a significance level of 1%. Panavia F showed significantly higher retention in core casts (3.067 MPa/mm2), when compared with the other cements. Rely X showed a mean retention value of 1.877 MPa/mm2 and the zinc phosphate cement with 1.155 MPa/mm2. Glass ionomer cement (0.884 MPa/mm2) exhibited the lowest tensile strength value. Crowns cemented with Panavia F on cast metallic posts and cores presented higher tensile strength. The glass ionomer cement showed the lowest tensile strength among all the cements studied.
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Samy, Nourhan, Walid Al-Zordk, Ahmed Elsherbini, Mutlu Özcan, and Amal Abdelsamad Sakrana. "Does Resin Cement Type and Cement Preheating Influence the Marginal and Internal Fit of Lithium Disilicate Single Crowns?" Materials 15, no. 2 (January 6, 2022): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15020424.

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This paper assesses the effect of cement type and cement preheating on the marginal and internal fit of lithium disilicate single crown. Methods: 40 maxillary premolars were selected, restored with lithium disilicate single crowns. Teeth were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10) based on cement type (Panavia SA or LinkForce) and preheating temperature (25 °C or 54 °C). After fabrication of the restoration, cements were incubated at 25 °C or 54 °C for 24 h, and each crown was cemented to its corresponding tooth. After 24 h, all specimens were thermally aged to (10,000 thermal cycles between 5 °C and 55 °C), then load cycled for 240,000 cycles. Each specimen was then sectioned in bucco-palatal direction and inspected under a stereomicroscope at x45 magnification for marginal and internal fit evaluation. The data were statistically analyzed (significance at p ≤ 0.05 level). Results: At the mid-buccal finish line, mid-buccal wall, palatal cusp, mid-palatal wall, mid-palatal finish line, and palatal margin measuring points, there was a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the lithium disilicate group cemented with Panavia SA at 25 °C and the group cemented with LinkForce at 25 °C, while there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) at the other points. At all measuring points, except at the palatal cusp tip (p = 0.948) and palatal margin (p = 0.103), there was a statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the lithium disilicate group cemented with Panavia SA at 54 °C and the group cemented with LinkForce at 54 °C. Regardless of cement preheating, statistically significant differences were found in the buccal cusp tip, central groove, palatal cusp tip, and mid-palatal wall (p ≤ 0.05) in the lithium disilicate group cemented with Panavia SA at 25 °C and 54 °C, as well as the mid-palatal chamfer finish line and palatal margin in the LinkForce group cemented with Panavia SA at 25 °C and 54 °C. At the other measurement points, however, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The type of resin cement affects the internal and marginal fit of lithium disilicate crowns. At most measuring points, the cement preheating does not improve the internal and marginal fit of all lithium disilicate crowns.
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Anami, LC, JMC Lima, LF Valandro, CJ Kleverlaan, AJ Feilzer, and MA Bottino. "Fatigue Resistance of Y-TZP/Porcelain Crowns is Not Influenced by the Conditioning of the Intaglio Surface." Operative Dentistry 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): E1—E12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/14-166-l.

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SUMMARY Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of treatments of the intaglio surface of Y-TZP frameworks and luting agents on the fatigue resistance of all-ceramic crowns. Methods A research design was chosen that attempted to reduce the likelihood of Hertzian cracking and to increase the probability of fracture initiation at the intaglio surface of the framework. Ninety identical preparations were machined in a dentin-like epoxy composite. Each preparation was restored with a Y-TZP framework made by a CAD/CAM system and veneered using feldspathic ceramic. Prior to cementation the intaglio surface of the ceramic was treated using one of four treatments: 1) cleaning with isopropyl alcohol; 2) application of an overglaze; 3) sandblasting with 125 μm aluminum oxide powder; and 4) sandblasting with 30 μm silica powder (CJ). One of three luting cements were used: 1) zinc phosphate; 2) glass ionomer; and 3) adhesive resin cement (PN). All three cements were tested against frameworks that were alcohol cleaned. Only the PN cements were tested against frameworks that had been sandblasted or glazed. Altogether, six groups of 15 specimens each were tested. Fatigue resistance was evaluated using stepwise loads at 1.4 Hz until failure: 5000 cycles at maximum load of 200 N, followed by 10,000 cycles at maximum loads of 800, 1000, 1200, and 1400 N. The cement thickness and failure modes were analyzed using a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy. The results were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier and Mantel-Cox log rank tests (5%), a one-way analysis of variance, Tukey multiple comparison test, and Weibull nonparametric test. Results The predominant failure mode was chipping of the veneer. The crowns cemented with the adhesive resin cement exhibited chipping failure at higher mean loads than did crowns cemented with cements that usually do not bond strongly with dentin. When the adhesive cement was used, glazing and sandblasting intaglio framework surface treatments exhibited lower mean loads at chipping than did crowns whose intaglio surface was only cleaned with alcohol. Weibull analysis indicated that all specimens had a high ratio of late-to-early failures. Conclusions The fatigue experiment produced a pattern of failures that is very similar to that observed in clinical trials of Y-TZP crowns that are veneered with feldspathic porcelain. Crowns cemented with an adhesive resin cement exhibited chipping at a significantly higher mean load than those cemented with luting cements that do not usually form strong bonds with dentin. When cemented with adhesive resin cement, glazing or sandblasting the intaglio surface of the framework significantly reduced the mean fatigue loads at which chipping of veneers occurred, as compared to crowns whose intaglio surface had only been cleaned with alcohol. For this cement glazing or sandblasting the intaglio surface of the crown is not recommended.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cemented"

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Nyrot, Elias. "Compressive stresses in cemented carbide." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad materialvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224240.

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This master thesis work aims towards gaining a deeper understanding of residualstresses in cemented carbide rock drill inserts. Compressive stresses are wanted inthe surface material since they prevent crack growth and wear of the material andthis work is part of the development of better and longer lasting inserts.Different ways of measuring residual stress with 2-dimensional x-ray diffraction areinvestigated. Also different surface treatment methods, used for attaining thesecompressive stresses, are tested and evaluated by measuring surface residual stress.Also hardness and residual stress in-depth profiles are measured by cutting treatedinserts in half and perform measurement on cross sections.The results show that measurements can be conducted on the raw sample surfacewith a 0.5 mm x-ray spot size. The effectiveness of surface treatments varies withdifferent cemented carbide grades. Blasting gives rise to the highest compressivestresses in a harder cemented carbide grade while it produces a lot of crushedtungsten carbide grains and similar stresses as tumbling in a softer grade. Treatment Tgives interesting result since it produces high compressive stress but still leaves thesurface grains unbroken. Attempts to measure both hardness and residual stressgradients from the surface are found to be difficult. Large effects from samplepreparation and deviations in measured data give uncertain results but tumbling seemsto affect the material deeper down from the surface compared to both blasting andtreatment T. This is also confirmed by a larger increase of coercive field strength intumbled samples.
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Aldhafeeri, Zaid. "Reactivity of Cemented Paste Backfill." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38111.

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Mining has been one of the main industries in the course of the development of human civilization and economies of various nations. However, every industry has issues, and one of the problems the mining industry has faced is the management of waste, especially sulphide-bearing tailings, which are considered to be a global environmental problem. This issue puts pressure on the mining industry to seek alternative approaches for tailings management. Among the several different types of methods used, cemented paste backfilling is one of the technologies that offers good management practices for the disposal of tailings in underground mines worldwide. Cemented paste backfill (CPB) is a cementitious composite made from a mixture of mine tailings, water and binder. This technology offers several advantages, such as improving the production and safety conditions of underground mines. Among these advantages, CPB is a promising solution for the management of sulphidic tailings, which are considered to be reactive materials (i.e., not chemically stable in an atmospheric condition) and the main source of acid mine drainage, which constitutes a serious environmental challenge faced by mining companies worldwide. Such tailings, if they come into direct contact with atmospheric elements (mainly oxygen and water), face oxidation of their sulphidic minerals, thus causing the release of acidic drainage (i.e., acid mine drainage) and several types of heavy metals into surrounding water bodies and land. Therefore, the reactivity of sulphidic tailings with and without cement content can be considered as a key indicator of the environmental behavior and durability performance of CPB systems. For a better understanding of the reactivity, it is important to investigate the influencing factors. In this research, several influencing factors are experimentally studied by conducting oxygen consumption tests on different sulphidic CPB mixtures as well as their tailings under different operational and environmental conditions. These factors include time, curing temperature, initial sulphate content, curing stress, mechanical damage, binder type and content, and the addition of mineral admixtures. In addition, several microstructural techniques (e.g., x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy) are applied in order to understand the changes in the CPB matrices and identify newly formed products. The results reveal that the reactivity of CPB is affected by several factors (e.g., curing time, initial sulphate content, ageing, curing and atmospheric temperature, binder type and content, vertical curing stress, filling strategy, hydration and drainage, etc.), either alone or in combination. These factors can affect reactivity either positively or negatively. It is observed that CPB reactivity decreases with increasing curing time, temperature (i.e., curing and atmospheric temperatures), curing stress, binder content, the addition of mineral admixtures, degree of saturation, and the binder hydration process, whereas reactivity increases with increases in sulphide minerals (e.g., pyrite), initial sulphate content, mechanical damage, and with decreased degrees of saturation and binder content. The effect of sulphate on the reactivity of CPB is based on the initial sulphate content as well as curing time and temperature. It is concluded that the reactivity of CPB systems is time- and temperature-dependent with respect to other factors. Also, binders play a significant role in lowering CPB reactivity due to their respective hydration processes.
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Nagel, Katrin [Verfasser]. "Cemented Tibial Tray Fixation / Katrin Nagel." Aachen : Shaker, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138178217/34.

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Li, Qiang, and 李强. "Time effects on artificially cemented kaolin." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208034.

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With the aim to achieve a better understanding of the time-dependent behaviour of structured clays, especially cemented clay, a critical review of the literature and a programme of laboratory testing have been carried out. In order to investigate the time effects on different structured clays, a series of advanced triaxial and oedometer tests were conducted on reconstituted pure kaolin (PK), artificially cemented kaolin (ACK) with different curing periods, and remoulded artificially cemented kaolin (RACK). Strain rate effects were examined in pure kaolin with different degrees of over-consolidation in both undrained and drained shearing. The influence of bond structure on the monotonic stress-strain behaviour of cemented kaolin was investigated on specimens prepared with two different curing stress and curing periods. Tests on pure kaolin and remoulded cemented kaolin were also performed. Strain rate effects on long cured cemented kaolin under low and high confining stresses, with constant rate of straining in pre-peak stage and step-wise change rate of straining in post-peak stage were examined. This was completed by a study of the microstructure of pure kaolin and cemented kaolin specimens before and after tests via scanning electronic microscope. The coupling between stress or strain rate and curing time effects was investigated on cemented kaolin cured for shorter periods. The results have added significant data to the existing database and addressed the relationship between bond structure and time effect. The main conclusions are: ••The viscous type of PK determined is characterized as decaying positive isotache and General TESRA in undrained and drained shearing repectively. The strain rate history does not affect the critical state in both q-p’ and v-ln p’ spaces. ••The addition of cement not only creates new inter-particle bonds but also affects new fabric. The shear strength is dominated by bond structure under low confining stress, and by volume change under high confining stress. ••The viscous type of long-term cured ACK is dependent on the degree of bond structure. It is almost insensitive to strain rate changes when the specimen is stiff, and the apparent “aging” effect dominates resulting in a “negative” rate effect when bond structure is destroyed. A special rate phenomenon called stick-slip seems to occur under the lowest strain rate (0.01%/h) during the pre-peak stage. The RACK shows a TESRA type of viscosity in undrained shearing. ••The short-term cured ACK, in which structuring and rate effects are combined, shows negative rate effects due to the curing under low confining stress and apparent aging under high confining stress. Stick-slip occurs both in pre-peak and post-peak stages, due to different reasons.
published_or_final_version
Civil Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Tozzi, Gianluca. "In vitro studies of bone-cement interface and related work on cemented acetabular replacement." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2012. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/in-vitro-studies-of-bonecement-interface-and-related-work-on-cemented-acetabular-replacement(a50b8352-300d-454e-8e1f-252b5a271412).html.

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The lasting integrity of the bond between bone cement and bone defines the long-term stability of cemented acetabular replacements. Although several studies have been carried out on bone-cement interface at continuum level, micromechanics of the interface has been studied only recently for tensile and shear loading cases. Furthermore, the mechanical and microstructural behaviour of this interface is complex due to the variation in morphology and properties that can arise from a range of factors. In this work in vitro studies of the bone-cement interfacial behaviour under selected loading conditions were carried out using a range of experimental techniques. Damage development in cemented acetabular reconstructs was studied under a combined physiological loading block representative of routine activities in a saline environment. A custom-made environmental chamber was developed to allow testing of acetabular reconstructs in a wet condition for the first time and damage was monitored and detected by scanning at selected loading intervals using micro-focus computed tomography (μCT). Preliminary results showed that, as in dry cases, debonding at the bone-cement interface defined the failure of the cement fixation. However, the combination of mechanical loading and saline environment seems to affect the damage initiation site, drastically reducing the survival lives of the reconstructs. Interfacial behaviour of the bone-cement interface was studied under tensile, shear and mixed-mode loading conditions. Bone-cement coupons were first mechanically tested and then μCT imaged. The influence of the loading angle, the extent of the cement penetration and the failure mechanisms with regard to the loading mode on the interfacial behaviour were examined. Both mechanical testing and post failure morphologies seem to suggest an effect of the loading angle on the failure mechanism of the interface. The micromechanical performance of bone-cement interface under compression was also examined. The samples were tested in step-wise compression using a custom-made micromechanical loading stage within the μCT chamber, and the damage evolution with load was monitored. Results showed that load transfer in bone-cement interface occurred mainly in the bone-cement contact region, resulting in progressively developed deformation due to trabeculae bending and buckling. Compressive and fatigue behaviour of bovine cancellous bone and selected open-cell metallic foams were studied also, and their suitability as bone analogous materials for cemented biomechanical testing was investigated. Whilst the morphological parameters of the foams and the bone appear to be closer, the mechanical properties vary significantly between the foams and the bone. However, despite the apparent differences in their respective properties, the general deformation behaviour is similar across the bone and the foams. Multi-step fatigue tests were carried out to study the deformation behaviour under increasing compressive cyclic stresses. Optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterise the microstructure of foams and bone prior to and post mechanical testing. The results showed that residual strain accumulation is the predominant driving force leading to failure of foams and bones. Although foams and bone fail by the same mechanism of cyclic creep, the deformation behaviour at the transient region of each step was different for both materials. Preliminary results of foam-cement interface performance under mixed-mode loading conditions are also presented.
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Haglund, Sven. "Sintering of cemented carbides : experiments and modeling /." Stockholm : Tekniska högsk, 1998. http://www.lib.kth.se/abs98/hagl0529.pdf.

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Farsangi, Parviz N. "Improving cemented rockfill design in open stoping." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40117.

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Cemented rockfill, CRF, is comprised of sized aggregate mixed with various types and amounts of binder materials. This type of fill with closely controlled specifications is employed for subsequent pillar recovery and improved ground support.
The goal of this study is to improve consolidated rockfill design for bulk mining methods, with Kidd Creek Mines, KCM, as a case study, from a functional and cost point of views. Cemented rockfill at KCM represents approximately 20% of the total extraction costs. Cost cutting initiatives however have to be mindful of the negative if not disastrous effects on grade, recovery, and ground stability that a decline in fill quality can produce. This dictates that any attempt to cut operational costs should be approached in a scientific and orderly fashion. This thesis describes consolidated rockfill improvement steps taken at Kidd Creek to obtain the highest quality fill at the lowest possible cost.
The main trust and achievements in this thesis include: (1) Extensive site investigation and mapping in drift driven through backfill have resulted establishment of four distinct zones in a typical rockfill mass. Structural rockfill design steps using the information obtained from field mapping are then established and implemented at KCM with great success which will be described during this thesis. (2) The main body of this thesis contains significant amounts of laboratory test work, 1750 test specimen, on lower cost binder alternatives. Some of the results obtained from the test work have been implemented at Kidd Creek since late 1992 and have resulted in considerable savings and improved dilution control. (3) Quality control measures and techniques in three main stages, surface plant, during transportation, and most importantly during placement are also established. (4) CRF structural design optimization steps are identified through extensive site observation and consultation with other operations. This covers all the steps that should be taken from start to finish to achieve the highest quality rockfill at the lowest possible cost. (5) Extensive field experiments are also carried out to obtain in situ mechanical and dynamical properties of a typical rockfill mass.
This work is based upon field and laboratory studies undertaken within the KCM over a 5 year period. The work has resulted in establishing quality control measures, mix design improvement, and structural design implementation at KCM to achieve the required physical characteristics at the lower operational cost. The in situ and laboratory test resulted in 35% unit cost reduction for KCM rockfill system within last 3 years and a saving of around $4 million on binder cost alone at a rate of $1.3 million/year. The total unit cost has dropped from $12/tonne in 1991 to around $7/tonne in 1995.
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Liu, Chunxin. "Alternative binder phases for WC cemented carbides." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168229.

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WC cemented carbides are composites consisting of WC and a binder phase. WC/Co is widely used as cutting tools due to its excellent combination of hardness and toughness. This thesis work was performed at the R&D department of Sandvik Coromant and aimed to find the alternative binder phase to substitute cobalt. Several compositions of Fe-Ni and Fe-Ni-Co binder have been investigated in this study. The WC/Co reference samples were also prepared. The initial compositions were decided by the CALPHAD method. The samples were then produced by the means of powder metallurgy. The producing conditions, especially the sintering conditions, were manipulated to achieve full dense and uniform samples. The samples were analyzed by XRD, LOM, SEM, and EDS. Mechanical properties test has also been performed.The results showed that adjustment on carbon content is necessary to attain desirable structure. Increasing Fe content in the binder tends to make the materials harder. For Fe-Ni and Fe-Ni-Co, the martensitic transformation is essential to the mechanical performance. The induced “transformation toughening” in 72Fe28Ni and 82Fe18Ni binders significantly promoted the toughness. Furthermore, the grain growth inhibition by Fe was confirmed. The relations between sintering temperature, grain size and mechanical properties have been discussed. Compared with the WC/Co references, several compositions showed close and even superior mechanical performance which might provide solutions for the future alternative binder phase.
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Kaplan, Bartek. "Equilibrium aspects of Cr-alloyed cemented carbides." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Termodynamisk modellering, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175856.

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In view of the extensive use of Cr as a grain growth inhibitor in WC-Co cemented carbides this thesis comprises a combined experimental and ab initio study of a number of critical issues pertaining to phase equilibria of the subsystems to the W-Co-Cr-C system. To be able to predict which of the stable Cr-carbides forms above the solubility limits of Cr and C in the fcc phase the respective solubility of Co in Cr23C6, Cr7C3 and Cr3C2 are investigated experimentally. Furthermore, the site occupancies of Co in Cr7C3 are investigated by neutron diffraction as a first step towards a more realistic model for this phase. The energetics of the ternary intermetallic R-phase and the unstable Co3C2 end-member compound are investigated by density functional theory. For Co3C2, the quasi-harmonic vibrational Gibbs energy is also calculated. By subsequent CALPHAD assessment an improved thermodynamic description is developed and its agreement with experiment is investigated. The resulting thermodynamic description allows for improved accuracy in predicting the formation of carbide phases as a function of C content and Co/Cr ratio as well as liquidus and solidus temperatures. Remaining issues may be attributed to the thermodynamic description of the W-Cr-C system and the stability of the Cr-based carbides in the Cr-C system. In the case of the Cr-based carbides, severe experimental scatter prevents an accurate determination of the stability of either of them. As a first attempt to resolve the situation, a state of the art ab initio approach is applied to calculate the finite temperature thermodynamic properties of Cr3C2, benchmarked with reported heat capacity and relative thermal expansion measurements.

QC 20151029

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Ballas, Sotirios, and Rafat Peyman Malak. "Production handling damages of cemented carbide inserts." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190026.

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Books on the topic "Cemented"

1

Hansen, Erik, and Klaus-Dieter Kühn, eds. Essentials of Cemented Knee Arthroplasty. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63113-3.

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Bristol-Myers/Zimmer Orthopaedic Symposium (3rd 1987 Phoenix, Ariz.). Non-cemented total hip arthroplasty. New York: Raven Press, 1988.

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Khan, Ahmed Mukhtar. Foundation piles in cemented marine sands. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1997.

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Breusch, Steffen, and Henrik Malchau. The Well-Cemented Total Hip Arthroplasty. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-28924-0.

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Tesarik, D. R. Evaluation of in situ cemented backfill performance. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1991.

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Upadhyaya, G. S., and Gopal S. Upadhyaya. Cemented tungsten carbides: Production, properties, and testing. Westwood, N.J: Noyes Publications, 1998.

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McCormack, Brendan Anthony Oliver. On damage accumulation in cemented hip replacements. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1997.

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Tesarik, D. R. Evaluation of in situ cemented backfill performance. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1991.

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Stark, Timothy D. Hyperbolic stress-strain parameters for structured/cemented silts. [Vicksburg, Miss: U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, 1996.

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Anderson, Andrew David. Microstructural study of nitrogen ion implanted WC/Co cemented carbide. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cemented"

1

Groppe, Markus. "Cemented Carbides." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 1–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35950-7_6689-4.

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Groppe, Markus. "Cemented Carbides." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 185–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_6689.

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Groppe, Markus. "Cemented Carbides." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 127–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20617-7_6689.

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McLean, Roger. "Platforms (Cemented)." In Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs, 812–13. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2639-2_243.

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Luňáček, Libor. "Cemented revision THA." In The Infected Implant, 99–103. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92836-2_15.

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Kenanidis, Eustathios, Eleftherios Tsiridis, Mohammad Shahid, and Andrew R. J. Manktelow. "Cemented Femoral Revision." In The Adult Hip - Master Case Series and Techniques, 679–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64177-5_34.

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Fink, Bernd. "Cemented Revision Stems." In Femoral Revision Arthroplasty, 21–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84821-7_5.

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Morley, J. R., R. Barker, and Jonathan R. Howell. "Cemented Total Hip Replacement." In European Surgical Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2397–422. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34746-7_226.

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Maloney, William J. "Cemented Revision Knee Arthroplasty." In Surgical Techniques in Total Knee Arthroplasty, 435–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-21714-2_57.

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Willert, H. G. "Morphology of Implant—Bone Interface in Cemented and Non-cemented Endoprostheses." In Implant Bone Interface, 27–34. London: Springer London, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1811-4_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cemented"

1

Nun˜o, N. "Effect of Tapered Geometry on the Load Transfer of an Idealized Cemented Hip Implant." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32616.

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Implant looseining of cemented hip implants is one of the major causes of failure of the arthroplasty. In cemented hip implants, the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), also called bone cement, is used as grouting material between the stem and the surrounding bone. During polymerisation of the cement, residual stresses are generated in the bulk cement. The bone cement does not have a chemical bond with the stem nor the bone; however, it fills completely the space between the two and serves to distribute the load being transferred from the stem to the bone. Numerical analyses on the load transfer of cemented hip implants usually do not include the residual stresses due to cement curing at the stem-cement interface [1–2].
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Nun˜o, N. "Effect of Tapered Geometry on the Load Transfer of an Idealized Cemented Hip Implant." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33032.

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Implant loosening of cemented hip implants is one of the major causes of failure of the arthroplasty. In cemented hip implants, the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), also called bone cement, is used as grouting material between the stem and the surrounding bone. During polymerisation of the cement, residual stresses are generated in the bulk cement. The bone cement does not have a chemical bond with the stem nor the bone; however, it fills completely the space between the two and serves to distribute the load being transferred from the stem to the bone. Numerical analyses on the load transfer of cemented hip implants usually do not include the residual stresses due to cement curing at the stem-cement interface [1–2].
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Nweke, Chukwuebuka C., and Juan M. Pestana. "Modeling Bio-Cemented Sands: A Strength Index for Cemented Sands." In IFCEE 2018. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481592.006.

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Haan, John. "Comparison of cemented paste backfill and cemented rock fill systems." In 14th International Seminar on Paste and Thickened Tailings. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1104_44_haan.

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Sakiyama, Naoki, Toshihiro Kinoshita, Kentaro Torii, Takeshi Endo, and Hiroaki Yamamoto. "Dipole sonic dispersion in poorly cemented and well-cemented cased holes." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2017. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2017-17640554.1.

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Son, Yang W., Douglas H. Wentz, Danny L. Levine, and Todd S. Johnson. "Finite Element Method to Evaluate Effects of Hip Implant Geometry on Bone Cement Stress Distribution." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176026.

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Loosening of cemented hip prostheses has been reported on occasion. Although a few laboratory experiments have replicated clinical failure modes, the methods appear to be very complicated and time consuming. In this analysis, the Finite Element Method was utilized to evaluate the stress distribution in a cement layer. Two distinct hip implant designs with and without grooves in the anterior/posterior surfaces were investigated. The results indicate that the features of the multiple grooves in these cemented hip implants may improve the rotational stability and reduce the cement stress at the implant-cement interface.
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Merey, Sukru, Tuna Eren, and Can Polat. "Numerical Analysis of the Behavior of Gas Hydrate Layers After Cementing Operations." In SPE Europec featured at 82nd EAGE Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205223-ms.

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Abstract Since the 2000s, the number of gas hydrate wells (i.e., exploration wells, production test wells) has increased. Moreover, in the marine environment, gas hydrate zones are drilled in conventional hydrocarbon wells. Different than conventional hydrocarbon wells, the heat released with cement hydration cannot be ignored because gas hydrates are heat sensitive. In this study, by analyzing different cement compositions (conventional cement compositions and novel low-heat of hydration cement), it is aimed to investigate the effect of the heat of cement hydration on gas hydrate zones near the wellbore. For this purpose, numerical simulations with TOUGH+HYDRATE simulator were conducted in the conditions of the Nankai Trough gas hydrates. According to the numerical simulations in this study, if the increase in temperature in the cemented layer is above 30°C, significant gas hydrate dissociation occurs, and free gas evolved in the porous media. This might cause gas channeling and poor cement bond. The heat released with cement hydration generally affects the interval between the cemented layer and 0.25 m away from the cemented layer. Within a few days after cementing, pressure, temperature, gas hydrate saturation, and gas saturation returned to almost their original values.
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Ruiz, Franklin, and Jack Dvorkin. "Cemented porous grains model." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2010. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3513408.

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Basafa, Ehsan, and Mehran Armand. "Cement Placement Optimization in Femoral Augmentation Using an Evolutionary Algorithm." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13622.

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We used the method of Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO) to optimize the cement placement in finite element (FE) models of osteoporotic femur specimens. Two different initial conditions, i.e. no initial cement and fully cemented, were used and both converged to the same optimal cement pattern. On average, BESO predicted that, if optimized, augmentation with only 18.6ml of cement will result in 100% increase in the yield load of the models. Simulations also showed a linear relationship between the volume of the cement and the models’ stiffness and yield load. Models initially filled with cement had a much more uniform stress distribution among the cemented elements when optimized, compared to the starting configuration. Results suggest that restoring the mechanical properties of osteoporotic femurs is possible with minimal and, therefore, potentially safe volumes of cement.
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Luna, David, Pearl Bezbourah, and Mostafa Omar. "First Cemented Completion in Egypt." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/177650-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Cemented"

1

Rowcliffe, D. J. Cemented NbC-Co for geothermal drilling applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5657423.

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Yeamans, D. R., S. E. Betts, and S. A. Bodenstein. Characterizing cemented TRU waste for RCRA hazardous constituents. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/251160.

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Z. Zak Fang, H. Y. Sohn. Development of Bulk Nanocrystalline Cemented Tungsten Carbide for Industrial Applicaitons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/950043.

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Nemer, Martin B., Kristopher L. Kuhlman, Pania Newell, and Giorgia Bettin. Strategic Petroleum Reserve Cemented Annulus Modeling and Testing; FY16 Progress. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1562652.

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Zheng, Jinhui, Matteo Ciantia, and Jonathan Knappett. On the efficiency of coupled discrete-continuum modelling analyses of cemented materials. University of Dundee, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001236.

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Computational load of discrete element modelling (DEM) simulations is known to increase with the number of particles. To improve the computational efficiency hybrid methods using continuous elements in the far-field, have been developed to decrease the number of discrete particles required for the model. In the present work, the performance of using such coupling methods is investigated. In particular, the coupled wall method, known as the “wall-zone” method when coupling DEM and the continuum Finite Differences Method (FDM) using the Itasca commercial codes PFC and FLAC respectively, is here analysed. To determine the accuracy and the efficiency of such a coupling approach, 3-point bending tests of cemented materials are simulated numerically. To validate the coupling accuracy first the elastic response of the beam is considered. The advantage of employing such a coupling method is then investigated by loading the beam until failure. Finally, comparing the results between DEM, DEM-FDM coupled and FDM models, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are outlined.
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Watson, W. T. CSER 96-027: storage of cemented plutonium residue containers in 55 gallon drums. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/289278.

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Knab, Lawrence I., and Nathaniel E. Waters. A method to measure the tensile bond strength between two weakly-cemented sand grains. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.88-3883.

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Pfeifle, T. W., K. D. Mellegard, N. T. Skaug, and M. S. Bruno. An Investigation of the Integrity of Cemented Casing Seals with Application to Salt Cavern Sealing and Abandonment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/777919.

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Hamed Ghazy, Mohammed. Influence of Luting Material types on the Microleakage and Retention of Pressable Ceramic Crowns Cemented to Zirconia Implant Abutments. Science Repository, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.dobcr.2018.10.005.

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Long, Wendy, Jesse Doyle, Edith Martinez-Guerra, and Christopher Griggs. Effects of impure water sources on early-age properties of calcium sulfoaluminate cements for rapid airfield damage recovery. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44780.

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In austere environments with limited access to clean water, it is advantageous to use nonpotable water for construction (i.e., mixing water for concrete.) In rapid-response situations such as rapid airfield damage recovery (RADR), the use of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cements is beneficial for expedient pavement repairs because of their rapid strength gain characteristics. However, the hydration products formed by CSA cements are substantially different from those formed by ordinary portland cement and might react differently to impurities that water sources may contain. A laboratory study component investigated the application of various salts and impure sources of mixing water with commercially available CSA cement-based products. A field component studied the application of naturally occurring impure water sources for RADR. Recommendations are made for implementation of impure mixing water for RADR using commercially available flowable fill and concrete products made with CSA cement.
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