Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cement- Silica

Academic literature on the topic 'Cement- Silica'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cement- Silica"

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Mendes, Thiago Melanda, and Wellington Longuini Repette. "Nano-silica added to Portland cement." Acta Scientiarum. Technology 43 (June 14, 2021): e51699. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v43i1.51699.

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For a controlled particle size distribution, nano-silica was added to three different cements. The chemical and mineralogical compositions of the cements were characterized by fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. The granulometric distributions of cements and nano-silicas were obtained by laser granulometry and dynamic lightning scattering. The specific surface area of the raw materials was determined by gas adsorption. The effect of nano-silica and type of cement on rheological behavior was evaluated by rotational rheometry. The mechanical performance was investigated through the compression strength. The microstructural analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy. The water demand and the consumption of dispersant increases according to the nano-silica content. The reduction in the inter-particle separation, and the agglomeration of nano-silica led to an increase in the viscosity of the suspension. The mechanical performance was directly affected by the specific surface area of the cements. Microstructural analysis showed that nano-silica changed from a layered adsorbed structure, to a porous or agglomerated structure.
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Clarizka, Cynthia, Agus Prasetya, and Indra Perdana. "Influence of Calcium/Silica Ratio on the Formation Belite Cement Clinker from Geothermal Sludges." Materials Science Forum 948 (March 2019): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.948.249.

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Cement industry is seeking alternative raw material and process to reduce the energy consumption and environmental impacts from conventional cement manufacture. This paper describes process of belite cements synthesis. Geothermal sludges, an undesired waste from Dieng Geothermal Power Plant as amorphous silica source and calcium hydroxide were used to form belite cement at elevated temperatures. Experimental results showed that principal phase of belite cement (larnite or β-Ca2SiO4) was formed at temperature as low as 800 °C. Thus, the geothermal silica is shown to be very promising starting material for the low-temperature production of belite cement.
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Wang, Xiao Jun, Xiao Yao Wang, Hong Fei Zhu, and Xiao Ye Cong. "The Change of Silica Tetrahedron in Cement-Silica Fume Blends Hydration." Materials Science Forum 743-744 (January 2013): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.743-744.280.

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The change of silica tetrahedron in cement-silica fume blends hydration is critical for blended cement application. 29Si solid-state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) investigations on the change of silica tetrahedron, which were Portland cement hydration, silica fume in simulated hydration and cement-silica fume blends hydration, were characterized and compared in this paper. The experimental results revealed that the amorphous silica tetrahedron structure in silica fume changed into Q1 and Q2 silica tetrahedrons, the same as silica-oxide structure of cohesive gel in the hydration of Portland cement. The coexistence of Q1 and Q2 silica tetrahedron in hydration product was beneficial to the strength increase of blend paste with silica fume. The amount of Q2 silica tetrahedron in cement-silica fume blends was higher than that in Portland cement. The pozzolanic reaction of silica fume accelerated the course of the silica tetrahedron in blended paste turning into the stable state of Q2 silica tetrahedron and existing principally in blended paste. That is reason that the physical properties of cement-silica fume blends are better than those of Portland cement.
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Ren, Jie, Zhengxiang Lv, Honghui Wang, Jianmeng Wu, and Shunli Zhang. "The Origin of Quartz Cement in the Upper Triassic Second Member of the Xujiahe Formation Sandstones, Western Sichuan Basin, China." Water 13, no. 14 (July 8, 2021): 1890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13141890.

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High-precision in situ δ18O values obtained using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for μm-size quartz cement are applied to constrain the origin of the silica in the deep-buried Upper Triassic second member of Xujiahe Formation tight sandstones, western Sichuan Basin, China. Petrographic, cathodoluminescence (CL), and fluid inclusion data from the quartz cements in the Xu2 sandstones indicate three distinct, separate quartz precipitation phases (referred to as Q1, Q2, and Q3). The Q1 quartz cement was formed at temperatures of approximately 56–85 °C and attained the highest δ18O values (ranging from 18.3 to 19.05‰ Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW)). The Q2 quartz cement was generated at temperatures of approximately 90–125 °C, accompanying the main phase of hydrocarbon fluid inclusions, with the highest Al2O3 content and high δ18O values (ranging from 15 to 17.99‰ VSMOW). The Q3 quartz cement was formed at temperatures of approximately 130–175 °C, with the lowest δ18O values (ranging from 12.79 to 15.47‰ VSMOW). A portion of the Q2 and Q3 quartz cement has a relatively high K2O content. The dissolution of feldspar and volcanic rock fragments was likely the most important source of silica for the Q1 quartz cement. The variations in δ18O(water) and trace element composition from the Q2 quartz cement to the Q3 quartz cement suggest that hydrocarbon emplacement and water-rock interactions greatly altered the chemistry of the pore fluid. Feldspar dissolution by organic acids, clay mineral reactions (illitization and chloritization of smectite), and pressure dissolution were the main sources of silica for the Q2 and Q3 quartz cements, while transformation of the clay minerals in the external shale unit was a limited silica source.
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Grine, Khaled. "Mechanical and Chemical Stabilisation of Carbonatesand." Advanced Materials Research 742 (August 2013): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.742.224.

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This paper describe a laboratory investigation into the effects of adding silica sand and/or cement on the behaviour of artificial carbonate sand under shear and compression. Drained shear and compressibility tests have been performed on artificial carbonate sand samples and artificial carbonate sand samples mixed with different proportion by weight of silica sand and/or cement in order to determine the shear stress-strain and compressibility characteristics of the mixed material.The results demonstrate that contraction during shear and compressibility during isotropic compression decrease as the fraction of silica sand and/or cement increases within the artificial carbonate sand.A positive volumetric change (dilation) during shear is more obvious with cemented samples. It also demonstrate how the addition of a combination of silica sand and cement produces the most effective improvement in terms of strength, stiffness, compressibility and crushing.
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Menéndez, Esperanza, Miguel Ángel Sanjuán, and Hairon Recino. "Study of Microstructure, Crystallographic Phases and Setting Time Evolution over Time of Portland Cement, Coarse Silica Fume, and Limestone (PC-SF-LS) Ternary Portland Cements." Crystals 13, no. 8 (August 21, 2023): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13081289.

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The use of silica fume as a partial replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement provides a wide variety of benefits, such as reduced pressure on natural resources, reduced CO2 footprint, and improved mechanical and durability properties. The formation of more stable crystallographic phases in the hardened cement paste can promote resistance to concrete attacks. However, using coarse silica fume may result in lower expenses and shorter workdays. In this work, coarse silica fume was used as a partial replacement of cement, by weight, at 3%, 5%, and 7%, and it was used as limestone filler at different particle sizes. The size of coarse silica fume used was 238 μm. The microstructural, compositional analysis, and crystalline phase content of mixed cements at different ages were evaluated. The addition of coarse silica fume and limestone promoted pore refinement of the composites and increased the calcium and silica content. The filling effect of fine limestone and coarse silica fume particles, as well as the formation of CSH gel, was found to be the main reason for the densified microstructure. The contributions of combined coarse silica fume and limestone improve the stability of CSH gels and pozzolanic reaction.
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Tobón, J. I., O. Mendoza, O. J. Restrepo, M. V. Borrachero, and J. Payá. "Effect of different high surface area silicas on the rheology of cement paste." Materiales de Construcción 70, no. 340 (December 30, 2020): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2020.15719.

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This work studies the effect of nanosilica (NS) on the rheology of cement paste by comparing it with two high specific surface area silicas: silica fume (SF) and pyrogenic silica (PS). Portland cement pastes were produced with different water-to-cementing material ratios and different solid substitutions of cement by silica. Water demand, setting time, and rheology tests were performed. Results showed that NS and SF decreased plastic viscosity, while PS increased it. Only PS was found to have an effect on yield stress. NS showed the most decreasing effect on viscosity, regardless of its higher water demand. It was concluded that the behavior of pastes containing NS and SF is governed by the “ball-bearing” effect from silica particles, by their agglomeration degree, and their impact on the solid volume fraction. The behavior of pastes containing PS is governed by its ability to absorb a portion of the mixing water.
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Taylor, K. G., and J. H. S. Macquaker. "Diagenetic alterations in a silt- and clay-rich mudstone succession: an example from the Upper Cretaceous Mancos Shale of Utah, USA." Clay Minerals 49, no. 2 (April 2014): 213–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2014.049.2.05.

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An understanding of the nature and scales of diagenetic variability within organic-rich mudstones is critical to the accurate assessment of shale-gas reservoir properties, as well as for elucidating chemical evolution pathways within mudstones. Here we integrate field observations with thin section descriptions (optical and electron optical techniques) and mineralogical data for the Blackhawk Member time-equivalent Mancos Shale in Book Cliffs, Utah, to determine the impacts of early and burial diagenesis on this mudstone succession.The detrital assemblage in the Mancos Shale comprises quartz-silt, feldspar, clay minerals, dolomite and organic matter (TOC of 1 to 2.5%). Biogenic silica is negligible. Field mapping reveals laterally continuous (km scale), ferroan dolomite cemented units up to 0.3 m thick, are present. These cemented units cap both coarsening-upward units (1 to 3 m thick), and stacked successions of coarsening-upward units (5 to 15 m thick). These upward-coarsening sediment packages, capped by dolomite cemented strata, correlate to bedsets and parasequences in updip settings. Pervasive cementation in these dolomite-cemented units is likely to have occurred prior to compaction as a result of bacterially mediated respiratory processes. Cementation at these levels is particularly evident because cement precipitation occurred during breaks in sediment accumulation below marine flooding surfaces. The abundance of dolomite cements highlights the importance of macroscopic-scale diagenetic carbonate mobility in these mudstones.In addition to carbonate-cements, diagenetic alteration and precipitation of quartz and alumina-silicate minerals are also important in these mudstones. Kaolinite is present both in uncompacted test of organisms and as vein fills in septarian concretions. Kaolinite precipitation is interpreted to have occurred prior to significant compaction and indicates that both silicon and aluminium were mobile during early diagenesis. We interpret the abundance of early diagenetic kaolinite cement to be the result of Al-mobilization by organic acids generated during organic matter oxidation reactions, with the Al sourced from poorly crystalline detrital aluminium oxides and clay minerals. There is also indirect evidence for burial diagenetic kaolinitization of feldspar grains. Quartz cement takes the form of quartz overgrowths and microcrystalline quartz crystals. Textures and CL spectra for the quartz microcrystalline cement suggests that recrystallization of biogenic silica (opal-A) was likely to have been an important source for quartz cements, although smectite-to-illite transformation may have contributed some. These mineral phases highlight that microscopic-scale diagenetic mobility of silica is important, even within mudstones lacking obvious sources of biogenic silica and is likely to be an important processes in a wide range of mudstones.
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Argiz, C., E. Reyes, and A. Moragues. "Ultrafine portland cement performance." Materiales de Construcción 68, no. 330 (April 13, 2018): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2018.03317.

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By mixing several binder materials and additions with different degrees of fineness, the packing density of the final product may be improved. In this work, ultrafine cement and silica fume mixes were studied to optimize the properties of cement-based materials. This research was performed in mortars made of two types of cement (ultrafine Portland cement and common Portland cement) and two types of silica fume with different particle-size distributions. Two Portland cement replacement ratios of 4% and 10% of silica fume were selected and added by means of a mechanical blending method. The results revealed that the effect of the finer silica fume mixed with the coarse cement enhances the mechanical properties and pore structure refinement at a later age. This improvement is somewhat lower in the case of ultrafine cement with silica fume.
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Wongkeo, W., W. Thawornson, and Arnon Chaipanich. "Microstructure and Characterizations of Portland-Bottom Ash-Silica Fume Cement Pastes." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.629.

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This research investigated the microstructure and characterization of Portland-bottom ash-silica fume cement pastes. Bottom ash, a by – product from coal-fired thermal power plants, was obtained from Mae Moh power plant, Lampang, Thailand. It currently exists as waste approximately 1.5 MT per year and has not been put to use. Unlike its counterpart, fly ash, which is recognized as an alternative material used to replace part of Portland cement. Silica fume, a nanomaterial from ferrosilicon industry, is nanoparticle and highly amorphous. It is highly pozzolanic reaction and could improve properties of Portland-bottom ash cement pastes. Thus, this research investigated the effect of silica fume on microstructure and characterization of Portland-bottom ash-silica fume cement pastes. The ratios of bottom ash used to replace Portland cement were 0, 10, 20 and 30 percent by weight and silica fume was added at 5 and 10 percent by weight. Compressive strength test was then carried out. SEM and TGA were used to study the microstructure of Portland-bottom ash-silica fume cement pastes. The results show that, the compressive strength of Portland-Bottom ash-silica fume cement pastes increased with added silica fume at 5 and 10 percent. SEM micrographs show C-S-H gel and silica fume around the cement particle in Portland-bottom ash-silica fume cement pastes which gives a highly dense and less porous microstructure. TGA graphs show Ca(OH)2 decreased with silica fume content.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cement- Silica"

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Brew, Daniel Robert Mitchell. "Impact of silica fume on cement performance." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369734.

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Organic ion exchanger resin beads are widely used in nuclear waste technology for pond water cleanup. They accumulate radioactive Cs and Sr in service. For disposal, the beads are encapsulated in cement but their stabilisation in cement has been difficult to achieve. The ion exchangers uptake calcium and inbibe water, as a result of which they swell, cracking the cement. Nuclear Electric had previously commissioned work on non-swelling formulations. These consist of mixtures of sulfate-resisting Portland cement, calcium hydroxide and silica fume. However, concerns have been expressed about cement durability in contact with brines. This thesis had as part of its objectives, (i) determination of the probable stability of the non-swelling matrix in MgSO4 brines and (ii) the corrosion potential of stainless steel in contact with the non-swelling cement. In addition, synthesis, characterisation work was performed on the reaction product of objective (i), M-S-H gel. Its alkali sorption capacity was determined as a function of both Mg/Si ratio and alkali concentration to assess its immobilisation potential.
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Forero, Duenas Carlos Antonio. "Characterisation of a silica-gel as a geotechnical cement." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301001.

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Björnström, Joakim. "Influence of nano-silica and organic admixtures on cement hydration : a mechanistic investigation /." [Go̊teborg], Sweden : Dept. of Chemistry, Göteborg University, 2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0801/2006411318.html.

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Björnström, Joakim. "Influence of nano-silica and norganic admixtures of cement hydration : a mechanistic investigation /." Göteborg : Göteborg University, Department of Chemistry, 2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0801/2006411318.html.

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Tank, Suresh Bhagwanji. "The use of condensed silica fume in Portland cement grouts." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307794.

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Alireza, S., K. N. Fatemeh, and S. Hossein. "Improving thermo-mechanical properties of tabular alumina castables via using nano structured colloidal silica." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20571.

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Great attempts were made to reduce the amount of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) content in refractory castables to improve their hot strength. Using more than 2-3 wt% CAC may cause low melting phases formation in the refractory matrix leading to weak thermo-mechanical propereties of the castables. Colloidal Silica can affect the structure of refractory castables to achieve superior thermo mechanical properties. Replacing calcium aluminate cement (CAC) by colloidal silica as a water base binder, speeds up drying, reduces the amount of liquid phase at high temperatures and may lead to mullite formation, which will increase the hot strength of the refractory castables. In this research, the influence of colloidal silica addition on bulk density, apparent porosity and HMOR of a tabular alumina based refractory castable containing have been studied. The results showed that samples containing colloidal silica have higher hot strength compared to those containing only CAC as binder due to the better compaction, less liquid phase formation at high temperature. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20571
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El-Khatib, Jamal M. "Durability related properties of PFA, slag and silica fume concrete." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315418.

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Concrete has the largest production of all man-made materials. Compared with other construction materials, it possesses many advantages including low cost, general availability of raw materials, low energy requirement and utilization under different environmental conditions. Therefore, concrete will continue to be the dominant construction material in the foreseeable future. However, durability of concrete and reinfored concrete structures are still of worldwide concern, so producing a good quality concrete which impedes the ingress of harmful substances into it is of paramount importance. Cement replacement materials have been introduced into concrete mixtures for the purpose of improving the durability performance. Hence, the aim of the present investigation is to study the durability of concrete with and without cement replacement materials under various initial curing conditions. In this thesis various concrete mixes with and without cement replacement materials were considered. The cement replacement materials were, pulverised fuel ash, condensed silica fume, and ground granulated blast furnace slag. Superplasticiser was added to the majority of the mixes considered and air entraining agent to some of the mixes. Various curing regimes were employed which comprised hot dry curing to simulate concrete in the hot arid areas in the world and curing at normal temperature. Curing involved air curing, membrane curing and moist curing for fourteen days followed by air curing. A number of tests were conducted at either one particular age or at various ages. These included tests on porosity and pore structure of pastes obtained by mercury intrusion porosimetry technique, water absorption which covers the water absorption of concrete obtained by shallow immersion and the water absorbed by capillary action when the concrete surface is in contact with water, sulphate resistance of concrete which is performed by immersing the concrete specimens in sulphate solution, and monitoring the change in length at various periods of immersion, chloride penetration profiles of concrete at various ages of exposure. In addition to these tests on durability related properties, tests on compressive strength were also performed. Throughout the study a correlation between pore structure and durability related properties is investigated. A comprehensive compilation of chloride penetration data is made and an empirical expression is derived for the prediction of long term diffusion coefficients. At the end of the investigation, limitations of the present study, conclusions and suggestions for future research are made.
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Thibodeaux, Kristin. "Alkali-silica reaction in oilwell cement slurries using hollow glass spheres." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19288.

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Touma, Wissam Elias. "Alkali-silica reaction in Portland cement concrete : testing methods and mitigation alternatives /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Schmidt, Heinrich. "X-ray diffraction study of high temperature reaction products in the barium oxide-silica-alumina-ferric oxide system." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2001. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03072007-132505.

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Books on the topic "Cement- Silica"

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Björnström, Joakim. Influence of nano-silica and organic admixtures on cement hydration: A mechanistic investigation. [Go̊teborg], Sweden: Dept. of Chemistry, Göteborg University, 2005.

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Struble, Leslie J. The influence of cement pore solution on alkali-silica reaction. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1987.

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Struble, Leslie J. The influence of cement pore solution on alkali-silica reaction. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1987.

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Association, Portland Cement, ed. Guide specification for concrete subject to Alkali-Silica reactions. Skokie, Ill: Portland Cement Association, 1995.

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Malhotra, V. M. Pozzolanic and cementitious materials. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Gordon and Breach, 1996.

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National Council for Cement and Building Materials (India), Cement Manufacturers' Association (India), and Construction Industry Development Council, eds. National Seminar on Performance Enhancement of Cements and Concretes by Use of Flyash, Slag, Silica Fume, and Chemical Admixtures, New Delhi, 15-17 January 1998: Proceedings. [New Delhi: The National Council, 1998.

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Chan, Willy G. The use of rapid scan boltammetry to study the effects of adding silica fume and commercial corrosion inhibitors to cured cement paste containing embedded iron exposed. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1996.

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Canham, Ian. The control of alkali silica reaction using blended cements. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of ChemicalEngineering and Applied Chemistry, 1987.

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Shen, Dejian, and Xin Wang. Simulation on Hydration of Tricalcium Silicate in Cement Clinker. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4598-6.

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Cao, Yajuan (Jan). Hydration and microstructure of cements containing silica or slag cured at different temperatures. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cement- Silica"

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Kumar, D., M. Alam, and J. Sanjayan. "A Novel Concrete Mix Design Methodology." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 457–68. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3330-3_46.

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AbstractConcrete mix design is the methodology for mixing binder, aggregate and water to achieve required physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. In particular, the physical properties depend on the volume fraction of each element in the concrete recipe. In this study we considered cement mortar, complying with ASTM C105, as the reference concrete with cement as the binder and silica sand as the aggregate. The reference mortar was denser with high thermal conductivity and compressive strength at given rheological properties. A denser concrete presents difficulty in material handling and imposes a safety risk, and high thermal conductivity increases building energy consumption. Therefore, lightweight concrete (LWC) has been developed by replacing silica sand with porous materials. LWC includes cement as the binder, with silica sand and other porous materials as the primary and binary fillers. The mass of the filler materials is determined by their particle density and volume fraction. LWC has low thermal mass, thereby exacerbating the summertime overheating and peak cooling demand of buildings. Therefore, there is a need to design a LWC with high thermal mass by incorporating phase change materials (PCM), which are mainly incorporated as tertiary filler. Here, we propose a novel concrete mix design methodology to incorporate PCM composite as a partial replacement of the porous material without changing binding materials.
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Roychand, R., J. Li, M. Saberian, S. Kilmartin-Lynch, M. M. Ul Islam, M. Maghfouri, and F. Chen. "Effect of Different Additives on the Compressive Strength of Very High-Volume Fly Ash Cement Composites." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 313–20. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3330-3_32.

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AbstractThe cement industry is responsible for about 5–7% of global greenhouse gas emissions and with the rapid rise in global warming, it is imperative to produce an ecofriendly alternative to Portland cement. Fly ash (FA) is an abundantly available and least utilized industrial byproduct with good pozzolanic properties that can help reduce the carbon footprint of cement composites. We investigated replacing 80% of the cement content with different blends of FA, nanosilica (NS) and silica fume (SF). Hydrated lime and a set accelerator were used to increase the pozzolanic reactivity of the blended cement composites. The portlandite released with 20% cement content was insufficient for the pozzolanic reaction of the blended cement composites containing FA and SF, requiring externally added hydrated lime. The addition of a set accelerator significantly increased the pozzolanic reaction and the resultant compressive strength, and these increased with the increasing content of the set accelerator. The replacement of SF with NS led to a remarkable increase in the pozzolanic reaction. The corresponding compressive strength of FA mixed with cement composites increased with increasing percentage composition of NS.
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Duan, W., Y. Zhuge, and Y. Liu. "Effect of Blending Alum Sludge and Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag as Cement Replacement to Mitigate Alkali-Silica Reaction." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 93–102. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3330-3_12.

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AbstractThe alkali–silica reaction (ASR) is a severe durability issue in cement-based materials. Although using calcium-rich supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) such as ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) is beneficial for improving mechanical performance, it can lead to critical ASR-induced damage, primarily when high-reactive aggregates are used. We used alum sludge, a byproduct of drinking water treatment processes, and found it to have high efficiency in mitigating ASR in mortars containing GGBS as cement replacement and waste glass as high-reactive aggregate. The raw alum sludge was calcined for 2 h at 800 ℃ and ground to pass a 75-µm sieve. Ternary blended binders were made by replacing 10, 20 and 30% of cement with the mixture of alum sludge and GGBS (ratio 1:1). The mortar samples exhibited a considerable compressive strength and significant ASR resistance when 30% of cement was replaced with the mixture of alum sludge and GGBS compared with the reference samples. Microstructural characterization using X-ray diffraction, backscattered electron images and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that increasing the aluminum content of the alum sludge could prevent the formation of detrimental Ca-rich and low-flowable ASR gels. The hindering effect was attributed to the alkaline binding ability and the extra precipitation of calcium aluminum silicate hydrate phases due to the abundant Al in the binder.
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Lu, D., Z. Sheng, B. Yan, and Z. Jiang. "Co-effects of Graphene Oxide and Silica Fume on the Rheological Properties of Cement Paste." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 251–58. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3330-3_26.

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AbstractPolycarboxylate superplasticizer is typically used to prepare a high-quality graphene oxide (GO) solution before mixing with cement grains. However, even if GO is well dispersed in water, they tend to re-agglomerate in the alkaline cement hydration environment, thus seriously decreasing the workability of the fresh mixture. In this study, we propose a more targeted method by synthesizing GO-coated silica fume (SF) to promote the utilization of GO in cement-based materials. Specifically, the surface of pristine SF was modified to convert their zeta potential (modified SF: MSF), then GO-coated SF (i.e., MSF@GO) was prepared via electrostatic adsorption of GO onto the MSF surface. The experimental results revealed that adding 5MSF@GO hybrid (0.04% GO and 5% MSF, by weight of binder) significantly reduced yield stress and plastic viscosity by 51.5% and 26.2%, respectively, relative to the 0.04% GO-modified sample. These findings indicated that application of GO-coated SF is an effective and environmentally friendly way to develop sustainable cementitious composites.
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Dehghan, Alireza, Peiying Zhang, Ekaterina Ossetchkina, Daniel Sloan, and Karl Peterson. "Digital Microscopy Applied to Damage Rating Index for Alkali-Silica Reaction in Concrete." In Advances in Cement Analysis and Concrete Petrography, 105–25. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp161320180003.

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Quercia Bianchi, G., and H. J. H. Brouwers. "Effect of Olivine Nano-silica Additions on Cement Based Systems." In Nanotechnology in Construction, 193–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17088-6_24.

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Zhou, Jian. "Research and Application of Ultra High Performance Concrete in Engineering Projects in Japan." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 273–81. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1748-8_23.

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AbstractJapan is located in the international seismic zone, and is also a resource intensive country. It has unique features in the research and application of ultra-high performance concrete materials. The paper analyzes and summarizes the engineering application cases of concrete strength grade above 150 N/mm2, including structural system, mix design, production process, strength grade, etc. Silica fume composite cement, with strict calculation of sand and stone gradation, improves the compactness beyond the conventional concrete; The super high performance water reducing agent can greatly reduce the water cement ratio and improve the working performance, especially the expansion degree; Organic fiber and steel fiber are especially important in fire resistance, explosion resistance and ductility. Ultra-high performance concrete could improve the seismic performance of building structures and the utilization rate of building area, and new materials could provide more choices for design and engineering application.
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Varghese, Jittin, Athira Gopinath, A. Bahurudeen, and R. Senthilkumar. "Influence of Nano-Silica on Characteristics of Cement Mortar and Concrete." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 839–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3317-0_75.

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Guo, Yingying, Y. X. Zhang, and Khin Soe. "Influence of Silica Fume on Material Properties of Magnesium Oxychloride Cement." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 45–51. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_5.

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Fraga, Yuri Sotero Bomfim, João Henrique da Silva Rêgo, and Valdirene Maria Silva Capuzzo. "Ultrasonication Effect of Silica Fume on Compressive Strength of Cement Pastes." In RILEM Bookseries, 149–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22034-1_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cement- Silica"

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Corina, Anisa Noor, Nils van der Tuuk Opedal, Torbjørn Vrålstad, and Sigbjørn Sangesland. "Cement Plug Sealing Studies of Silica Cement Systems." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95928.

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Abstract A cement plug is widely applied for permanent abandonment phase to provide long-term zonal isolation against fluid flow. Maintaining cement plug integrity is a challenging task, and loss in cement sealing poses risks to the surrounding environment and surface safety. It is well-known that the cement performance is affected by cement material and downhole conditions. Nevertheless, investigations linking these influencing factors with the sealing of cement plugs are still limited, especially with the lack of proper equipment in the past. In the present work, a small-scale laboratory setup has been constructed to test the sealing ability of a cement plug. It has unique features that can simulate plugging operations at the downhole conditions and preserve the cement curing condition. By testing using this setup, it is possible to measure the minimum differential pressure required for gas to flow across the cement plug and the gas leak rate. The silica cement mixture was selected as the plug material, prepared using silica flour. Investigation of silica cement under the influence of expanding agent additive and various curing temperature was carried out. It was found that adding an expanding agent improved the sealing of cement plugs. Moreover, samples cured at a high temperature were less resistant to gas flow with the leak path observed at the cement/steel interface, indicating debonding.
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Albers, Dylan, and Mileva Radonjic. "Prevention of Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) in Light-Weight Wellbore Cement Comprising Silicate-Based Microspheres." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62015.

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Drilling through low pressure formations, either offshore or through depleted formations, requires the use of low density fluids to prevent lost circulation and as well as to properly place cement during cementing applications. Achieving these densities in cements can be done through foaming the cement, increasing water content, or through the addition of silica based microspheres. Each of these methods have individual limitations, and in the case of silica based microspheres, their specific fallback is a chemical instability with the microsphere itself reacting with the cement pore fluid. This chemical instability creates a hydrophilic gel that is expansive and creates fractures in the cement as it expands, which is more formally referred to as alkali-silica reactivity (ASR). Prevention of ASR involves the application of additives to the cement that acts as a sink for the alkalinity in which prevents the expansion of ASR. A specific application that this paper investigates for this prevention is the use of Lithium nitrate. This study looks at the effects of a high alkalinity environment onto the microspheres by visualizing the reactions that are occurring using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and confirming the presence of ASR when silica based microspheres encounter a high pH environment. Then cement samples were created to compare the effects lithium nitrate has on cements created with silica based microspheres. SEM and micro indentation was conducted on these samples, which showed that lithium nitrate prevents reactions, but after 28-day hydration a loss of mechanical properties is present.
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Jadhav, Rahul, and Thomas Pisklak. "Liquid Strength Retrogression Control Additive." In SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/202104-ms.

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Abstract To mitigate strength retrogression at temperatures, higher than 230°F, well cement designs typically include strength retrogression control additives (SRCAs). Solid siliceous materials (e.g., silica flour, fume, and sized-sands) are commonly used SRCAs that are incorporated into cements using dry-blending techniques. This study highlights liquid silica compositions as alternative SRCAs to dry-blended silica for high-temperature cementing. Liquid additives can be managed easily, delivered accurately, and offer a reduced on-site footprint, thus making them particularly advantageous for operations offshore and in remote locations. This paper presents a study on the use of liquid silica compositions as SRCAs and their effect on cement slurry properties, such as thickening time, mixability, fluid loss, rheology, and free water. The cement slurry used during the current study was prepared and tested according to API RP 10B-2 (2005). The performance of the liquid silica composition was tested at temperatures up to 400°F. Set cement samples were prepared using the liquid silica composition and silica flour, cured for up to 14 days at different temperatures. In addition, permeability testing was also performed on the samples. This paper presents the findings of this research, including strength and permeability test results on cement blends cured at temperatures of 300, 330, 350, and 400°F. The liquid silica composition, which provided silica to the cement formulation equivalent to 35% BWOC dry silica (48% BWOC liquid SRCA), functioned effectively as an SRCA at temperatures up to 330°F. Signs of strength retrogression were observed at 350°F and were more pronounced at 400°F. A greater concentration of the liquid silica composition may be necessary to prevent strength retrogression at temperatures higher than 330°F. The liquid silica composition also demonstrated mild retardation and a dispersing effect on the slurry. However, it helped enable improved slurry stability and suspension, thus providing improved control over free water without adverse effects on fluid loss and sedimentation. The study results demonstrate that a liquid SRCA can help improve the performance of annular cement designs to provide dependable barriers and effective zonal isolation during high-temperature cementing applications. The improved performance enabled by this liquid silica composition verifies its potential use as an alternative SRCA for high-temperature oil well cementing operations.
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Gaurina-Međimurec, Nediljka, Krunoslav Sedić, Anel Čajić, and Ante Matijević. "Effect of Microblock on the Compressive Strength of Portland Cement at Elevated Temperatures." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62455.

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Cementation of casing string depends on composition and properties of cement slurry. The properties of Portland cements must often be modified to meet the demands of a particular well application. These modifications are accomplished by the admixing of additives that effectively alter the hydration chemistry. Silica (SiO2) is used most frequently for the prevention of strength retrogression. It can have a different particle size (“silica sand”, with an average particle size of about 100 μm; “silica flour”, with an average particle size of about 15 μm; and “silica fume”, with mean particle size between 0,1 μm and 0,2 μm). Commercially available additive “Microblock” was used in lab tests. It is a liquid cement additive made from a finely divided, high surface-area silica (D50: cca 0.15 μm; D90: cca 0.75 μm). “Microblock” can help prevent high-temperature strength retrogression, control lost circulation as well as gas migration and can provide a degree of fluid-loss control. The Portland cement slurries with 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of “Microblock” have been tested. Results of laboratory tests have shown that silica fume (also known as microsilica) affects the slurry properties such as thickening time, rheology, fluid loss, free water, slurry stability, and set cement compressive strength. The development of high early compressive strength is important to ensure structural support to casing and hydraulic/mechanical isolation of downhole intervals. The development of compressive strength of Portland cement slurries with and without “Microblock” at different curing temperature (90 °C, 120 °C and 150 °C) has been determined by Ultrasonic cement analyzer. Results have shown that “Microblock” affects the properties of cement slurry and set cement. The compressive strength has been higher with the addition of “Microblock” than compressive strength of neat PC slurry, but negative effect has been exhibited on slurry rheology and early strength development at elevated temperatures.
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"Nonevaporable Water and Degree of Cement Hydration in Silica Fume-Cement Systems." In "SP-153: Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag, and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete Proceedings Fifth International Conference Milwauk". American Concrete Institute, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/1028.

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Rupasinghe, Madhuwanthi, Priyan Mendis, Massoud Sofi, and Tuan Ngo. "Modelling of nano-silica in cement paste." In Fourth International Conference on Smart Materials and Nanotechnology in Engineering, edited by Jayantha A. Epaarachchi, Alan Kin-tak Lau, and Jinsong Leng. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2028056.

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"Effectiveness of Slag Cement in Preventing Alkali-Silica Reaction: Ten-Year Results." In SP-263: Slag Cement Concrete. American Concrete Institute, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/51663251.

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Pokorný, Jaroslav, Milena Pavlíková, Martina Záleská, Pavla Rovnaníková, and Zbyšek Pavlík. "Coagulated silica - a-SiO2 admixture in cement paste." In THERMOPHYSICS 2016: 21st International Meeting. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4955254.

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"Nanomechanical Properties of Cement Paste Containing Silica Fume." In Universal Researchers. Universal Researchers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/ur.u1214325.

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Muzahim, Dhabia Saad, and Alyaa abbas Al-attar. "Properties of rubberized cement mortar containing silica fume." In 8TH ENGINEERING AND 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING – UNIVERSITY OF BAGHDAD: COEC8-2021 Proceedings. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0105414.

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Reports on the topic "Cement- Silica"

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Burroughs, Jedadiah, Jason Weiss, and John Haddock. Influence of high volumes of silica fume on the rheological behavior of oil well cement pastes. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41288.

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Specialized classes of concrete, such as ultra-high-performance concrete, use volumes of silica fume in concrete that are higher than those in conventional concrete, resulting in increased water demand and mixing difficulty. This study considered the effects of eight different silica fumes in three dosages (10%, 20%, 30%) with three w/b (0.20, 0.30, 0.45) on rheological behavior as characterized by the Herschel-Bulkley model. Results indicated that the specific source of silica fume used, in addition to dosage and w/b, had a significant effect on the rheological behavior. As such, all silica fumes cannot be treated as equivalent or be directly substituted one for another without modification of the mixture proportion. The rheology of cement pastes is significantly affected by the physical properties of silica fume more so than any chemical effects.
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Struble, L. J. The influence of cement pore solution on alkali-silica reaction. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, January 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.87-3632.

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Hartell, Julie, Matthew O’Reilly, and Hang Zeng. Measuring Transport Properties of Portland Cement Concrete Using Electrical Resistivity. Illinois Center for Transportation, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/23-012.

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Although classification tables based on susceptibility to chloride ion permeability are recommended in AASHTO T 358, the classification levels with respect to durability parameters may or may not be adequate. Of interest for concrete pavement performance, this study verifies the recommended classification levels against standard durability testing such as corrosion, salt scaling, and freeze-thaw. The researchers conducted corrosion, salt scaling, and freeze-thaw durability tests in parallel with electrical surface resistivity testing to compare performance classifications for each method. Twenty-four mixture designs were evaluated. The designs vary in water-to-cementitious material ratio (0.4, 0.45, and 0.5 w/cm ratio), supplementary cementitious material type (100% ordinary Portland cement, 20% Class C fly ash, 40% Grade 100 slag cement, and 8% silica fume replacements), and air content (air entrained and non-air entrained). The results of the experimental study indicate that there is no clear relationship between concrete electrical conductivity and durability performance based on standard methods of testing. It may not be appropriate for the determination of durability performance of a concrete mixture for concrete pavement construction. However, the test method does present advantages, as mixtures of similar composition and design can yield the same results over time under standardized curing. Here, resistivity-time curves could be a useful tool as part of a quality control and quality assurance program to ensure consistency in concrete delivery during construction.
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He, Rui, Na (Luna) Lu, and Jan Olek. Development of In-Situ Sensing Method for the Monitoring of Water-Cement (w/c) Values and the Effectiveness of Curing Concrete. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317377.

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As the most widely used construction material, concrete is very durable and can provide long service life without extensive maintenance. The strength and durability of concrete are primarily influenced by the initial water-cement ratio value (w/c), and the curing condition during the hardening process also influences its performance. The w/c value is defined as the total mass of free water that can be consumed by hydration divided by the total mass of cement and any additional pozzolanic material such as fly ash, slag, silica fume. Once placed, field concrete pavements are routinely cured with liquid membrane-forming compounds. For laboratory study, concrete samples are usually cured in saturated lime water or a curing room with a relative humidity (RH) value higher than 95%. Thus, the effectiveness of curing compounds for field concrete needs to be studied. In this study, the dielectric constant value of plastic concrete was measured by ground penetrating radar (GPR). The w/c value of the plastic concrete was calculated by a mathematical model from the measured dielectric constant value. The calculated w/c value was compared with the microwave oven drying measurement determined result in AASHTO T318. A modified coarse aggregate correction factor was proposed and applied in microwave oven drying measurement to determine the w/c value of plastic concrete in AASHTO T318. The effectiveness of curing compound was evaluated by field concrete slabs by GPR measurement. It was found that GPR can be a promising NDT method for In this study, the dielectric constant value of plastic concrete was measured by ground penetrating radar (GPR). The w/c value of the plastic concrete was calculated by a mathematical model from the measured dielectric constant value. The calculated w/c value was compared with the microwave oven drying measurement determined result in AASHTO T318. A modified coarse aggregate correction factor was proposed and applied in microwave oven drying measurement to determine the w/c value of plastic concrete in AASHTO T318. The effectiveness of curing compound was evaluated by field concrete slabs by GPR measurement. It was found that GPR can be a promising NDT method for w/c determination of plastic concrete and curing effectiveness evaluation method for hardened concrete.
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Roberson, Madeleine, Kathleen Inman, Ashley Carey, Isaac Howard, and Jameson Shannon. Probabilistic neural networks that predict compressive strength of high strength concrete in mass placements using thermal history. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44483.

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This study explored the use of artificial neural networks to predict UHPC compressive strengths given thermal history and key mix components. The model developed herein employs Bayesian variational inference using Monte Carlo dropout to convey prediction uncertainty using 735 datapoints on seven UHPC mixtures collected using a variety of techniques. Datapoints contained a measured compressive strength along with three curing inputs (specimen maturity, maximum temperature experienced during curing, time of maximum temperature) and five mixture inputs to distinguish each UHPC mixture (cement type, silicon dioxide content, mix type, water to cementitious material ratio, and admixture dosage rate). Input analysis concluded that predictions were more sensitive to curing inputs than mixture inputs. On average, 8.2% of experimental results in the final model fell outside of the predicted range with 67.9%of these cases conservatively underpredicting. The results support that this model methodology is able to make sufficient probabilistic predictions within the scope of the provided dataset but is not for extrapolating beyond the training data. In addition, the model was vetted using various datasets obtained from literature to assess its versatility. Overall this model is a promising advancement towards predicting mechanical properties of high strength concrete with known uncertainties.
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SUGAMA, T., L. E. BROTHERS, and T. R. VAN DE PUTTE. EFFECT OF QUARTZ/MULLITE BLEND CERAMIC ADDITIVE ON IMPROVING RESISTANCE TO ACID OF SODIUM SILICATE-ACTIVATED SLAG CEMENT. CELCIUS BRINE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/875883.

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Silicosis - working with cement roofing tiles: a silica hazard. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub2006110.

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