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Journal articles on the topic 'Cellular Ceramics'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 March 2023
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Fomina, O. A., and А. Yu Stolboushkin. "Firing of Cellular Ceramics from Granulated Foam-Glass." Materials Science Forum 992 (May 2020): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.992.265.

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It has been presented the study results of the firing process of cellular ceramics from granulated foam glass. The chemical, mineral and granulometric compositions of the raw materials are given. It has been shown the characteristic of ceramic-technological properties of raw materials. The samples were burned from the granulated mixture in the temperature range of 850-1000 ° C. It has been established the change dependence in the physicomechanical properties of cellular ceramic samples on the temperature and firing duration. The results of the study of the macro-and microstructure of cellular ceramics are given. It has been revealed the effect of intensive formation of the pyroplastic phase and the connection between small pores at a temperature of more than 950 ° C. After the enlargement, the cells leave the three-phase ceramic system and it was the increase in the average density of cellular ceramics is 1.4-1.5 times. The influence of a solid glass-ceramic shell along the inner surface of the pores on the decrease in water absorption of cellular ceramics to 6.5-7% is established.
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2

Zhang, Y. X., and B. L. Wang. "Thermal Shock of Semi-Infinite Cellular Ceramics." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 1041–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.1041.

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Considered in this paper is a semi-infinite cellular ceramic solid containing an edge crack. The solid is subjected to a sudden cooling on its surface. The temperature field and associated thermal stress field for the uncracked solid are calculated. The stress for uncracked medium is used as the crack surface stress with opposite sign to formulate the mixed boundary value problem. The stress intensity factors as the function of crack length, time and relative density are calculated. It is found that the presence of porosity in the ceramic is generally beneficial to increasing the thermal shock strength of the ceramics if the failure is dominated by a pre-existing crack. The paper may be helpful for the design and manufacturing of advanced thermal shock resistive cellular ceramics.
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3

Sieber, H., C. Hoffmann, A. Kaindl, and P. Greil. "Biomorphic Cellular Ceramics." Advanced Engineering Materials 2, no. 3 (March 2000): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1527-2648(200003)2:3<105::aid-adem105>3.0.co;2-p.

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4

Green, David J., and P. Colombo. "Cellular Ceramics: Intriguing Structures, Novel Properties, and Innovative Applications." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 4 (April 2003): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.84.

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AbstractCellular ceramics are a class of high-porosity materials that are used or are being considered for a wide range of technological applications. A critical aspect of this development is the materials science approach required to understand the relationships between the properties of these materials and their structure. Of particular interest are the parameters that control mechanical reliability, as ceramic materials are usually brittle. In addition, it is critical to understand the way in which processing methods can influence the cellular structure. This article emphasizes one particular group of cellular ceramics known as ceramic foams. Understanding these materials involves various interdisciplinary scientific challenges in characterizing structure, developing micromechanical models, experimentally measuring properties, developing new processing approaches, and optimizing performance.
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5

Stochero, Naiane Paiva, Elisângela Guzi de Moraes, and Antonio Pedro Novaes de Oliveira. "Cellular Ceramics Produced from Ceramic Shell: Processing and Characterization." Materials Research 20, suppl 2 (November 9, 2017): 549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2016-1093.

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6

de Sousa Trichês, Eliandra, Milton Dellú, Victor Carlos Pandolfelli, and Fernando dos Santos Ortega. "Production of Cellular Ceramics by Gel Casting Ceramic Emulsions." Materials Science Forum 591-593 (August 2008): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.591-593.498.

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Cellular ceramics have been produced by several methods, giving a wide range of macrostructures and properties. This work describes a novel route to produce cellular ceramics based on the gel casting of emulsions consisting in an aqueous ceramic suspension containing water-soluble organic monomers and an emulsified insoluble liquid phase. The effects of solids loading and kerosene fraction on the rheological properties of emulsions were characterized. Samples with different kerosene additions (20, 30, 40 and 50 %vol.) were produced and their green and sintered densities were measured. The results have shown a good correlation between the volumetric fraction of kerosene into the emulsion and the porosity of samples. Diametrical compression was used to evaluate the strength of sintered samples, which varied with the porosity between 18 and 37 MPa. The cellular structure was analyzed by SEM and revealed isolated pores for samples with low porosity, which changed to an interconnected network of pores as the porosity increased.
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7

Barg, Suelen, Christian Soltmann, Miria Andrade, Dietmar Koch, and Georg Grathwohl. "Cellular Ceramics by Direct Foaming of Emulsified Ceramic Powder Suspensions." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 91, no. 9 (September 2008): 2823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02553.x.

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8

Freitas, C., N. Vitorino, M. J. Ribeiro, J. C. C. Abrantes, and J. R. Frade. "Extrusion of ceramic emulsions: Preparation and characterization of cellular ceramics." Applied Clay Science 109-110 (June 2015): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2015.03.011.

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9

Bernardo, Enrico, Giovanni Scarinci, and S. Hreglich. "Monolithic and Cellular Sintered Glass-Ceramics from Wastes." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 596–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.596.

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Several kinds of wastes have been converted into glasses, successively powdered and sintered with simultaneous crystallisation. The employed “sinter-crystallisation” process was useful to obtain glass-ceramics with particular crystal phases (sometimes un-accessible from traditional nucleation/crystal growth treatments, like feldspar crystals). Conventional pressing of fine glass powders led to monoliths, after sintering, with remarkable mechanical properties (for example bending strength exceeding 100 MPa), useful for tile applications; replication processes, by employing sacrificial polymeric materials, after the same thermal treatment employed for the monoliths, led to open-celled glass-ceramic foams, useful for filtering applications. The enhanced specific surface due to porosity was found to have a positive effect on crystallisation.
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10

Rambo, Carlos Renato, Eliandra de Sousa, Antônio Pedro Novaes de Oliveira, Dachamir Hotza, and Peter Greil. "Processing of Cellular Glass Ceramics." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 89, no. 11 (November 2006): 3373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2006.01247.x.

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11

Zeschky, J. "Preceramic polymer derived cellular ceramics." Composites Science and Technology 63, no. 16 (December 2003): 2361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-3538(03)00269-0.

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12

Acchar, W., F. B. M. Souza, E. G. Ramalho, and W. L. Torquato. "Mechanical characterization of cellular ceramics." Materials Science and Engineering: A 513-514 (July 2009): 340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2009.02.012.

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13

Olson, R. A., and L. C. B. Martins. "Cellular Ceramics in Metal Filtration." Advanced Engineering Materials 7, no. 4 (April 2005): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.200500021.

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14

Füssel, Alexander, Daniela Böttge, Jörg Adler, Felix Marschallek, and Alexander Michaelis. "Cellular Ceramics in Combustion Environments." Advanced Engineering Materials 13, no. 11 (July 21, 2011): 1008–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.201100020.

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15

Gibson, L. J. "Cellular Solids." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 4 (April 2003): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.79.

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AbstractThis brief article describes the content of this issue of MRS Bulletin on Cellular Solids. Cork, wood, sponge, and bone are all examples of cellular solids in nature. Engineered honeycombs and foams are now made from polymers, metals, ceramics, and glasses, and their structure gives them unique properties that can be exploited in a variety of applications. The articles in this issue provide an overview of the fabrication, structure, properties, and applications of such porous solids as cellular ceramics, aluminum and other metallic foams, and scaffolds for tissue engineering, as well as discussions of techniques for understanding, modeling, and measuring their behavior and properties.
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16

Ortona, Alberto, and Ehsan Rezaei. "Modeling the Properties of Cellular Ceramics: From Foams to Lattices and Back to Foams." Advances in Science and Technology 91 (October 2014): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.91.70.

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Cellular ceramics are attracting material solutions for high temperature applications because of their outstanding properties. SiC cellular ceramics in particular withstand harsh environments at high temperatures for long operating times and are particularly resistant to thermal shock. Ceramic foams though, being random fragile structures, comprise properties which are rather scattered and difficult to engineer. This presentation shows how finite element analysis is used to study the effect of morphological features on ceramic foams in respect of their mechanical properties. Mean morphological parameters, obtained by X-ray computed tomography (XCT) on a commercially available SiSiC foam produced by the replica method, were used to generate a set of lattices in which one parameter was varied at a time. Starting from this approach, further work was then dedicated to optimize their properties. Polymeric lattices and foams, in which some characteristics were digitally modified learning from the optimization work were, produced by 3D printing and ceramized via the replica method. Both foams and lattices were then mechanically tested. Results show that some features such as strut shape and cell stretching affect the mechanical behavior of ceramic foams.
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17

Pozzobom, Ida Eunice Favarin, Mariana de Souza, João Batista Rodrigues Neto, Fabiano Raupp-Pereira, Eliandra de Sousa Trichês, and Antonio Pedro Novaes de Oliveira. "Production of Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2-Al2O3 (LZSA) Glass-Ceramic Foams by Aeration and Polymerization of Suspension." Materials Science Forum 775-776 (January 2014): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.775-776.529.

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Porous glass-ceramics belonging to the Li2O-ZrO2-SiO2-Al2O3(LZSA) system were prepared by gelcasting. This processing technique associated to aeration of ceramic suspensions containing a foaming agent, allows the production of ceramics with high opened porosity (>90%), cell geometry tending to the spherical form, cellular interconnectivity and high green strength. In this work glass-ceramics foams were prepared by addition of different concentrations of foaming agents (Alkolan) and sintered at 750, 850 and 950oC for 30 min. The LZSA glass-ceramic foams were characterized by density, porosity, thermal shrinkage, microstructural analysis and mechanical strength. The morphological, physical and mechanical properties of the consolidated glass-ceramic foams indicated that the process of gelcasting may be a valid alternative to produce porous materials for applications at temperatures lower than 950°C.
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18

de Carlos, Alejandro, Jacinto P. Borrajo, Julia Serra, Pio González, Sara Liste, and Betty León. "In Vitro Cytotoxicity Testing of Wood-Based Biomorphic SiC Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 284-286 (April 2005): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.581.

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The aim of this study was to test the in vitro cytotoxicity of wood-based biomorphic Silicon Carbide (SiC) ceramics, using MG-63 human osteoblast-like cells. This innovative material has been recently developed and it exhibits unique mechanical properties towards their application in biomedical technology. In the solvent extraction test the SiC ceramic extracts had almost no effect on cellular activity even at 100% concentration. A similar behaviour was found for Ti6Al4V and bioactive glass, used as reference materials. The results of the cell morphology and the cellular attachment response have also demonstrated that the in vitro performance of these biomorphic SiC ceramics is qualitatively comparable to that produced by titanium alloy and bioactive glass, which seems very promising.
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19

Zhang, Di, Ming Gang Wang, and Zhan Kui Zhao. "Nanocrystalline ZrO2 Porous Ceramics Fabricated by SPS." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 1398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.1398.

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The porous ZrO2 ceramics was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 520 °C. A dense closed micro-cellular ceramic structure was fabricated with micron Al90Mn9Ce1 alloy powders clading by 10 wt% ZrO2 nano-powder. SEM image showed that the thickness of ceramic cell wall was 1.0 - 2.0 μm. After deep corrosion with 10% HCl, an integrity nanocrystalline ZrO2 porous sample was obtained. Based on the experimental results, the transient spark plasma sintering mechanism of micron-nano mixing powder was also studied.
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20

Ribeiro, Christiane, W. I. Rojas-Cabrera, M. Marques, José Carlos Bressiani, and Ana Helena A. Bressiani. "In Vitro Characterization of Porous Ceramic Based Calcium Phosphate Processing with Albumin." Key Engineering Materials 396-398 (October 2008): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.396-398.27.

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In recent years, the processing of porous ceramic materials for implant applications has motivated the development and optimization of new technologies. To this purpose, a globular protein based (i.e. ovalbumin) consolidation approach has been proposed. In the present study, a porous hydroxyapatite:b-tricalcium phosphate - biphasic ceramics (BCP), was processed by consolidation using the protein-action technique. The processed ceramic materials exhibited appropriate pore configuration in terms of size, morphology and distribution. The in vitro reactivity and dissolution behavior of the ceramics was evaluated in SBF and biocompatibility in an osteoblasts culture, respectively. Overall, the materials tested showed biocompatibility and suitable properties for osteoconduction. A rough surface pattern displayed by the ceramics seemed to have improved both; cell adhesion and proliferation processes. In conclusion, this study revealed that the porous matrices obtained, promoted suitable development of cell metabolism without cellular death.
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21

Dickinson, Alex, M. Browne, Jonathan Jeffers, and Andy Taylor. "Pre-Clinical Analysis of an Acetabular Cup with Improved In Vivo Stability and Integrity." Key Engineering Materials 396-398 (October 2008): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.396-398.31.

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In recent years, the processing of porous ceramic materials for implant applications has motivated the development and optimization of new technologies. To this purpose, a globular protein based (i.e. ovalbumin) consolidation approach has been proposed. In the present study, a porous hydroxyapatite:b-tricalcium phosphate - biphasic ceramics (BCP), was processed by consolidation using the protein-action technique. The processed ceramic materials exhibited appropriate pore configuration in terms of size, morphology and distribution. The in vitro reactivity and dissolution behavior of the ceramics was evaluated in SBF and biocompatibility in an osteoblasts culture, respectively. Overall, the materials tested showed biocompatibility and suitable properties for osteoconduction. A rough surface pattern displayed by the ceramics seemed to have improved both; cell adhesion and proliferation processes. In conclusion, this study revealed that the porous matrices obtained, promoted suitable development of cell metabolism without cellular death.
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22

Gokhale, Amol, N. Kumar, B. Sudhakar, S. Sahu, Himalay Basumatary, and S. Dhara. "Cellular Metals and Ceramics for Defence Applications." Defence Science Journal 61, no. 5 (October 28, 2011): 567–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.640.

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23

Ivanova, Yu A., C. Freitas, D. V. Lopes, A. V. Kovalevsky, and J. R. Frade. "Cellular zirconia ceramics processed by direct emulsification." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 40, no. 5 (May 2020): 2056–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.01.005.

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24

Callis, P. D., K. Donaldson, and J. F. McCord. "Early cellular responses to calcium phosphate ceramics." Clinical Materials 3, no. 3 (January 1988): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0267-6605(88)90055-8.

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25

Ceron-Nicolat, Bruno, Friedrich Wolff, Andrea Dakkouri-Baldauf, Tobias Fey, Helmut Münstedt, and Peter Greil. "Graded Cellular Ceramics from Continuous Foam Extrusion." Advanced Engineering Materials 14, no. 12 (September 19, 2012): 1097–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.201200039.

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26

Ust'yanov, V. B., and V. V. Ivashchenko. "Cellular-filled ceramic." Glass and Ceramics 42, no. 1 (January 1985): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00703986.

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27

El Chawich, Ghenwa, Joelle El Hayek, Vincent Rouessac, Didier Cot, Bertrand Rebière, Roland Habchi, Hélène Garay, et al. "Design and Manufacturing of Si-Based Non-Oxide Cellular Ceramic Structures through Indirect 3D Printing." Materials 15, no. 2 (January 8, 2022): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15020471.

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Additive manufacturing of Polymer-Derived Ceramics (PDCs) is regarded as a disruptive fabrication process that includes several technologies such as light curing and ink writing. However, 3D printing based on material extrusion is still not fully explored. Here, an indirect 3D printing approach combining Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and replica process is demonstrated as a simple and low-cost approach to deliver complex near-net-shaped cellular Si-based non-oxide ceramic architectures while preserving the structure. 3D-Printed honeycomb polylactic acid (PLA) lattices were dip-coated with two preceramic polymers (polyvinylsilazane and allylhydridopolycarbosilane) and then converted by pyrolysis respectively into SiCN and SiC ceramics. All the steps of the process (printing resolution and surface finishing, cross-linking, dip-coating, drying and pyrolysis) were optimized and controlled. Despite some internal and surface defects observed by topography, 3D-printed materials exhibited a retention of the highly porous honeycomb shape after pyrolysis. Weight loss, volume shrinkage, roughness and microstructural evolution with high annealing temperatures are discussed. Our results show that the sacrificial mold-assisted 3D printing is a suitable rapid approach for producing customizable lightweight highly stable Si-based 3D non-oxide ceramics.
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28

Xu, Songsong, Xiaonan Zhou, Qiang Zhi, Junjie Gao, Liucheng Hao, Zhongqi Shi, Bo Wang, Jianfeng Yang, and Kozo Ishizaki. "Anisotropic, biomorphic cellular Si3N4 ceramics with directional well-aligned nanowhisker arrays based on wood-mimetic architectures." Journal of Advanced Ceramics 11, no. 4 (March 17, 2022): 656–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40145-021-0555-1.

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AbstractInspired by the transport behavior of water and ions through the aligned channels in trees, we demonstrate a facile, scalable approach for constructing biomorphic cellular Si3N4 ceramic frameworks with well-aligned nanowhisker arrays on the surface of directionally aligned microchannel alignments. Through a facile Y(NO3)3 solution infiltration into wood-derived carbon preforms and subsequent heat treatment, we can faultlessly duplicate the anisotropic wood architectures into free-standing bulk porous Si3N4 ceramics. Firstly, α-Si3N4 microchannels were synthesized on the surface of CB-templates via carbothermal reduction nitridation (CRN). And then, homogeneous distributed Y−Si−O−N liquid phase on the walls of microchannel facilitated the anisotropic β-Si3N4 grain growth to form nanowhisker arrays. The dense aligned microchannels with low-tortuosity enable excellent load carrying capacity and thermal conduction through the entire materials. As a result, the porous Si3N4 ceramics exhibited an outstanding thermal conductivity (TC, kR ≈ 6.26 W·m−1·K−1), a superior flexural strength (σL ≈ 29.4 MPa), and a relative high anisotropic ratio of TC (kR/kL = 4.1). The orientation dependence of the microstructure-property relations may offer a promising perspective for the fabrication of multifunctional ceramics.
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29

Mercke, William L., Thomas Dziubla, Richard E. Eitel, and Kimberly Anderson. "Biocompatibility Evaluation of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Directly onto Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic Materials for Microfluidic Applications." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, CICMT (September 1, 2012): 000549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2012-tha11.

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Expansion of Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic materials into microfluidic systems technology has many beneficial applications due to their ability to combine complex three dimensional structures with optical, fluidic, electrical functions. Evaluations of the biocompatibility of these Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic materials are vital for expanding into biomedical research. The few biocompatibility studies on Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramics generally show negative cellular response to thick film pastes used in generating the electronic circuitry patterns. In this study, biocompatibility of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells was examined on Heraeus's Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic tape and two of their conductive pastes. The biocompatibility was assessed by monitoring cellular attachment and viability up to three days. This study examines the idea of leachates being detrimental to cells due to a study that suggests the possibility of harmful leachates. Results indicate difficulty in initial attachment of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells to sintered Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic tapes, but no hindrance of cellular attachment and growth onto the two conductive pastes. Outcomes also demonstrate that possible harmful leachates from Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic materials don't thwart cellular attachment and growth for up to three days of cell culturing. These results provide a basis for biological devices using Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic materials.
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30

Mitić, Vojislav V., Po-Yu Chen, Yueh-Ying Chou, Ivana D. Ilić, Bojana Marković, and Goran Lazović. "Fractal nature analysis in porous structured bio-ceramics." Modern Physics Letters B 35, no. 12 (April 13, 2021): 2150318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984921503188.

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Hydroxyapatite scaffold is a type of bio-ceramic. Its cellular design has similarities with the morphologies in nature. Therefore, it is very important to control the structure, especially the porosity, as one of the main features for bio-ceramics applications. According to some literature, freeze casting can form the shape of dendrites and remain a foam structure after ice sublimation. Ice nucleation became more heterogeneous with the aid of printing materials during freeze casting. This procedure can even improve the issue of crack formation. In this paper, we studied the mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite scaffold. We also analyzed the porosity by fractal nature characterization, and successfully reconstructed pore shape, which is important for predicting ceramic morphology. We applied SEM analysis on bio-ceramic samples, at four different magnifications for the same pore structure. This is important for fractal analysis and pores reconstruction. We calculated the fractal dimensions based on measurements. In this way, we completed the fractal characterization of porosity and confirmed possibilities for successful porous shapes reconstruction. In this paper, we confirmed, for the first time, that fractal nature can be successfully applied in the area of porous bio-ceramics.
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31

Lopes, Daniela V., Andrei V. Kovalevsky, Margarida J. Quina, and Jorge R. Frade. "Processing of highly-porous cellular iron oxide-based ceramics by emulsification of ceramic suspensions." Ceramics International 44, no. 16 (November 2018): 20354–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.08.024.

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32

Lipowska, B., B. Psiuk, M. Cholewa, and Ł. Kozakiewicz. "Preliminary Tests of Cellular SiC/Iron Alloy Composite Produced by a Pressureless Infiltration Technique." Archives of Foundry Engineering 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0021.

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Abstract Preliminary tests aimed at obtaining a cellular SiC/iron alloy composite with a spatial structure of mutually intersecting skeletons, using a porous ceramic preform have been conducted. The possibility of obtaining such a composite joint using a SiC material with an oxynitride bonding and grey cast iron with flake graphite has been confirmed. Porous ceramic preforms were made by pouring the gelling ceramic suspension over a foamed polymer base which was next fired. The obtained samples of materials were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic observations as well as investigations into the chemical composition in microareas. It was found that the minimum width of a channel in the preform, which in the case of pressureless infiltration enables molten cast iron penetration, ranges from 0.10 to 0.17 mm. It was also found that the ceramic material applied was characterized by good metal wettability. The ceramics/metal contact area always has a transition zone (when the channel width is big enough), where mixing of the components of both composite elements takes place.
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33

Colombo, Paolo. "Conventional and novel processing methods for cellular ceramics." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 364, no. 1838 (November 30, 2005): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2005.1683.

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Cellular ceramics are a class of highly porous materials that covers a wide range of structures, such as foams, honeycombs, interconnected rods, interconnected fibres, interconnected hollow spheres. Recently, there has been a surge of activity in this field, because these innovative materials have started to be used as components in special and advanced engineering applications. These include filtering liquids and particles in gas streams, porous burners, biomedical devices, lightweight load-bearing structures, etc. Improvements in conventional processing methods and the development of innovative fabrication approaches are required because of the increasing specific demands on properties and morphology (cell size, size distribution and interconnection) for these materials, which strictly depend on the application considered. This paper will cover the main fabrication methods for cellular ceramics, focusing primarily on foams, offering some insight into novel fabrication processes and recent developments.
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34

Colombo, P. "Cellular Ceramics with Hierarchical Porosity from Preceramic Polymers." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 18, no. 1 (May 1, 2011): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/18/1/012002.

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35

Hojamberdiev, Mirabbos, Jessica D. Torrey, Marilia Sérgio da Silva Beltrão, and Lothar Wondraczek. "Cellular Anorthite Glass-Ceramics: Synthesis, Microstructure and Properties." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 92, no. 11 (November 2009): 2598–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03268.x.

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36

Ortona, Alberto, Claudio D'Angelo, Sandro Gianella, and Daniele Gaia. "Cellular ceramics produced by rapid prototyping and replication." Materials Letters 80 (August 2012): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2012.04.050.

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37

Cesconeto, F. R., and J. R. Frade. "Cellular ceramics by slip casting of emulsified suspensions." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 40, no. 15 (December 2020): 4949–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2020.04.002.

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38

Fu, X., R. Viskanta, and J. P. Gore. "Prediction of effective thermal conductivity of cellular ceramics." International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 25, no. 2 (February 1998): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1933(98)00002-5.

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39

Barg, Suelen, Bernard P. Binks, Hailing Wang, Dietmar Koch, and Georg Grathwohl. "Cellular ceramics from emulsified suspensions of mixed particles." Journal of Porous Materials 19, no. 5 (December 14, 2011): 859–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10934-011-9541-2.

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40

Acchar, W., E. G. Ramalho, F. B. M. Souza, W. L. Torquato, V. P. Rodrigues, and M. D. M. Innocentini. "Characterization of cellular ceramics for high-temperature applications." Journal of Materials Science 43, no. 19 (October 2008): 6556–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-008-2585-2.

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41

D'Angelo, Claudio, and Alberto Ortona. "Cellular Ceramics Produced by Replication: A Digital Approach." Advanced Engineering Materials 14, no. 12 (May 2, 2012): 1104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.201100350.

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42

Gianella, Sandro, Daniele Gaia, and Alberto Ortona. "High Temperature Applications of SiSiC Cellular Ceramics." Advanced Engineering Materials 14, no. 12 (June 20, 2012): 1074–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.201200012.

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43

Tulliani, Jean-Marc, Edoardo Bemporad, Marco Sebastiani, Giovanni Pulci, Jacopo Tirillò, and Cecilia Bartuli. "Dense and Cellular Zirconia Produced by Gel Casting with Agar: Preparation and High Temperature Characterization." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/108076.

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A modified gel-casting process was developed to produce both dense and highly porous (40% volume) yttria tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) using agar, a natural polysaccharide, as gelling agent. A fugitive phase, made of commercial polyethylene spheres, was added to the ceramic suspension before gelling to produce cellular ceramic structures. The characterization of the microstructural features of both dense and cellular ceramics was carried out by FEG SEM analysis of cross-sections produced by focused ion beam. The mechanical properties of the components were characterized at room temperature by nanoindentation tests in continuous stiffness measurement mode, by investigating the direct effect of the presence of residual microporosity. The presence of a diffuse residual microporosity from incomplete gel deaeration resulted in a decay of the bending strength and of the elastic modulus. The mechanical behavior of both dense and cellular zirconia (in terms of elastic modulus, flexural strength, and deformation at rupture) was investigated by performing four-point bending tests at the temperature of 1500°C.
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44

Egelja, Adela, Jelena Gulicovski, Aleksandar Devecerski, Biljana Babic, Miroslav Miljkovic, Snezana Boskovic, and Branko Matovic. "Synthesis of biomorphic SiC and SiO2 ceramics." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 73, no. 7 (2008): 745–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0807745e.

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Coniferous wood (fir) was transformed by pyrolysis into carbon preforms, which were subsequently converted into biomorphic ceramics by the pressure infiltration technique with colloidal silica. An in situ reaction between the silica and the carbon template occurred in the cellular wall at a high sintering temperature. Depending on the employed atmosphere, non-oxide (SiC) or oxide (SiO2) ceramics were obtained. The morphology of the resulting porous ceramics and their phase composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The experimental results showed that the biomorphic cellular morphology of the wood maintained in both the SiC and silica ceramics, which consisted of only the b-SiC phase and SiO2, respectively. .
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Tadokoro, Mika, Noriko Kotobuki, Akira Oshima, and Hajime Ohgushi. "Distribution of Seeded Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Hydroxyapatite Porous Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 330-332 (February 2007): 1141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.1141.

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This study focused on in vivo osteogenic capability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded on ceramic scaffold. Human MSCs from a single donor were seeded on hydroxyapatite porous ceramic (HAP) and were induced to the osteogenic lineage during in vitro culture condition, then the MSCs/HAP composites were implanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient rats. The cellular activities of the composites were assayed in order to evaluate the distribution and differentiation capability of seeded MSCs before and after implantation. These results showed that the new bone, after implantation, was derived from the donor MSCs, which adhered to the surface of the ceramics pore areas during in vitro culture. Therefore, the engrafted donor cells proliferated and showed continuous osteogenic differentiation within the recipients. Consequently, our study demonstrates the usefulness of MSCs/HAP composites for clinical applications.
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46

Egelja, Adela, Aleksandar Devecerski, Jelena Gulicovski, Milena Rosic, Biljana Babic, and Branko Matovic. "Synthesis of biomorphic Si-based ceramics." Processing and Application of Ceramics 3, no. 4 (2009): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac0904197e.

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Tilia wood was transformed by pyrolysis into carbon preform. This porous carbon preform was infiltrated with TEOS (Si(OC2H5)4), as a source of silica. In situ reaction between the silica and the carbon template occurred in the cellular wall at a hight temperature. Depending on the applied atmosphere, non-oxide (SiC) or oxide (SiO2) ceramics were obtained. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, mercury porosimetry and BET measurements were employed to characterize the phases and crystal structure of biomorphic ceramics. The experimental results showed that the biomorphic cellular morphology of the wood maintained in both the SiC and SiO2 ceramics, wich consisted of ?-SiC with trace of ?-SiC and SiO2, respectively. .
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47

Liu, Liang Xiang, Zhong Min Zhao, Long Zhang, Xue Gang Huang, and Tao Ma. "High-Gravity Assisting Combustion Synthesis to Prepare High-Strength Al2O3/ZrO2 (Y2O3) Eutectics." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1984–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1984.

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By adding ZrO2and Y2O3powder blend into the thermit, large bulk Al2O3/ZrO2(Y2O3) eutectics were prepared by combustion synthesis under high gravity, and the influences of high gravity on microstructures, crystal growth and properties of the materials were also discussed. The XRD patterns showed that the introduction of high gravity field did not change phase constitution of the ceramics, and the ceramic matrix was mainly composed of α-Al2O3, t-ZrO2and m-ZrO2. SEM images and EDS analyses showed that with increasing high gravity level, the morphologies of the ceramic microstructures transformed from the cellular eutectics to the rod-shaped colonies, and volume fraction and aspect ratio of the rod-shaped colonies increased while the rod-shaped colonies were refined; as the high-gravity field was larger than 200g, the microstructures of composite ceramics developed as the randomly-orientated rod-shaped colonies with a symmetrical triangular dispersion of tetragonal ZrO2fibers of 300nm in the average diameter. Relative density, hardness, flexural strength and fracture toughness simultaneously reached the highest values of 98.6%, 18.6GPa, 1248MPa and 15.6MPa·m1/2as the maximum high-gravity level of 250g was achieved. The increases of relative density and hardness of the ceramics with the high-gravity level are attributed to the acceleration of gas-escape from ceramic melts and the elimination of shrinkage cavity in the ceramics. The increase in fracture toughness results from the enhancement of the coupled toughening mechanisms while the increase in flexural strength comes from the refinement of the microstructures, the decrease of critical defect size and the achievement of high fracture toughness.
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Belyakov, A. V., Zo E. Mo U, N. A. Popova, and R. A. Kornilov. "HIGH-POROSITY PERMEABLE CELLULAR SILICON-CARBIDE MULLITE-DOPED CERAMICS." NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES), no. 9 (January 1, 2017): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2017-9-36-39.

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49

Colombo, P. "Macro- and micro-cellular porous ceramics from preceramic polymers." Composites Science and Technology 63, no. 16 (December 2003): 2353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-3538(03)00268-9.

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50

Bernardin, Adriano Michael, Márcio José da Silva, and Humberto Gracher Riella. "Characterization of cellular ceramics made by porcelain tile residues." Materials Science and Engineering: A 437, no. 2 (November 2006): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.07.130.

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