Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cell uptake

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Cell uptake'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Cell uptake.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Cell uptake"

1

Taher, Muhammad, Fadzilah Adibah Abdul Majid, and Mohamad Roji Sarmidi. "The Effect of Cinnamtannin B1 on Cell Proliferation and Glucose Uptake of 3T3-L1 Cells." Natural Product Communications 2, no. 1 (January 2007): 1934578X0700200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0700200112.

Full text
Abstract:
The effects of cinnamtannin B1 on cell proliferation and glucose uptake of 3T3-L1 cells were examined. Cinnamtannin B1 promoted cell proliferation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes at a concentration range between 0.11-0.17 mM. The effect of cinnamtannin B1 on cellular 2-deoxy-D-[1-3H] glucose uptake in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, following treatment with a 0.11 mM concentration of cinnamtannin B1 for 15, 30 and 60 minutes, was an increase in the glucose uptake from a basal value to 702.0, 1111.0 and 2226.0 cpm, respectively (p<0.005). The comparable glucose uptakes with insulin treatment were 660.0, 1039.0 and 2135.0 cpm, respectively. Wortmannin and cytochalasin B were found to inhibit cinnamtannin B1-stimulated glucose uptake, but sodium orthovanadate increased the glucose uptake.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Xu, Hengyi, Zoraida P. Aguilar, Hua Wei, and Andrew Wang. "Cell Uptake of Nanoparticles." ECS Transactions 25, no. 31 (December 17, 2019): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3327198.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Yanagawa, N., and O. D. Jo. "Intracellular acidification inhibits opposum kidney cell phosphate uptake." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 272, no. 6 (June 1, 1997): R1904—R1911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.272.6.r1904.

Full text
Abstract:
The aim of our study is to examine the effect of intracellular pH (pHi) on inorganic phosphate (Pi) uptake by a proximal tubular cell line, the opposum kidney (OK) cells. The OK cell pHi (7.48 +/- 0.02; n = 12) was altered to levels between 6.5 and 8.5 by the high-K+ nigericin method, and cell uptakes were measured at 7.5 extracellular pH. It was found that pHi acidification suppressed Pi uptake with a decrease in maximal reaction rate, whereas alkalinization had no significant effect. Other Na(+)-dependent transport systems for glucose and amino acid were not affected by these pHi changes. The inhibition of cell Pi uptake by pHi acidification was not prevented by protein synthesis inhibitors (actinomycin D or cycloheximide) or by Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor [5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride]. pHi acidification caused a significant decrease in cellular adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) content, and cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor (H-89) also did not prevent inhibition of cell Pi uptake by pHi acidification. However, pHi acidification stimulated protein kinase C (PKC) activity and inhibition of PKC by PKC inhibitors (bisindolylmaleimide, calphostin C, or staurosporine) or prolonged exposure to phorbol ester abrogated the inhibitory effect of pHi acidification on cell Pi uptake. In summary, these studies showed that pHi acidification inhibits Pi uptake in OK cells, probably through PKC activation. These effects of pHi acidification may thus contribute to increase acid excretion in systemic acidosis.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Fujita, Yosuke, Tomoki Nagakura, Hiroyuki Uchino, Masato Inazu, and Tsuyoshi Yamanaka. "Functional Expression of Choline Transporters in Human Neural Stem Cells and Its Link to Cell Proliferation, Cell Viability, and Neurite Outgrowth." Cells 10, no. 2 (February 20, 2021): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10020453.

Full text
Abstract:
Choline and choline metabolites are essential for all cellular functions. They have also been reported to be crucial for neural development. In this work, we studied the functional characteristics of the choline uptake system in human neural stem cells (hNSCs). Additionally, we investigated the effect of extracellular choline uptake inhibition on the cellular activities in hNSCs. We found that the mRNAs and proteins of choline transporter-like protein 1 (CTL1) and CTL2 were expressed at high levels. Immunostaining showed that CTL1 and CTL2 were localized in the cell membrane and partly in the mitochondria, respectively. The uptake of extracellular choline was saturable and performed by a single uptake mechanism, which was Na+-independent and pH-dependent. We conclude that CTL1 is responsible for extracellular choline uptake, and CTL2 may uptake choline in the mitochondria and be involved in DNA methylation via choline oxidation. Extracellular choline uptake inhibition caused intracellular choline deficiency in hNSCs, which suppressed cell proliferation, cell viability, and neurite outgrowth. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the role of choline in neural development as well as the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases caused by choline deficiency or choline uptake impairment.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Chen, Ran, Tatsiana A. Ratnikova, Matthew B. Stone, Sijie Lin, Mercy Lard, George Huang, JoAn S. Hudson, and Pu Chun Ke. "Cell uptake: Small 5/2010." Small 6, no. 5 (March 8, 2010): NA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201090015.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Emoto, Akiko, Fumihiko Ushigome, Noriko Koyabu, Hiroshi Kajiya, Koji Okabe, Shoji Satoh, Kiyomi Tsukimori, Hitoo Nakano, Hisakazu Ohtani, and Yasufumi Sawada. "H+-linked transport of salicylic acid, an NSAID, in the human trophoblast cell line BeWo." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 282, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): C1064—C1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00179.2001.

Full text
Abstract:
We investigated the transport of salicylic acid and l-lactic acid across the placenta using the human trophoblast cell line BeWo. We performed uptake experiments and measured the change in intracellular pH (pHi). The uptakes of [14C]salicylic acid andl-[14C]lactic acid were temperature- and extracellular pH-dependent and saturable at higher concentrations. Both uptakes were also reduced by FCCP, nigericin, and NaN3. Various nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) strongly inhibited the uptake of l-[14C]lactic acid. Salicylic acid and ibuprofen noncompetitively inhibited the uptake ofl-[14C]lactic acid. α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (CHC), a monocarboxylate transporter inhibitor, suppressed the uptake ofl-[14C]lactic acid but not that of [14C]salicylic acid. CHC also suppressed the decrease of pHi induced by l-lactic acid but had little effect on that induced by salicylic acid or diclofenac. These results suggest that NSAIDs are potent inhibitors of lactate transporters, although they are transported mainly by a transport system distinct from that for l-lactic acid.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Delpire, E., and S. R. Gullans. "Cell volume and K+ transport during differentiation of mouse erythroleukemia cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 266, no. 2 (February 1, 1994): C515—C523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1994.266.2.c515.

Full text
Abstract:
In the present study, we evaluated the changes in cell volume, water content, and K+ transport in mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cells during the transition from proerythroblast to young reticulocyte. When MEL cells were exposed to 1.8% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for a maximum of 7 days, they synthesized hemoglobin and reduced their volume by 66% while maintaining their water content. The total protein content decreased by 50%. We therefore concluded that the volume reduction was due to a loss of cellular material, water, and osmolytes. To evaluate the changes in pump and leak pathways, we performed 86Rb uptakes in the presence or absence of selected inhibitors. In undifferentiated cells, the uptake was mainly represented by the Na-K-2Cl cotransport (51%) and by the Na(+)-K+ pump (34%). A small portion of the uptake was mediated by barium- and quinidine-sensitive K+ channels (8%) and by the furosemide-sensitive K-Cl cotransporter (5%). After 4 days in DMSO, the 86Rb uptake was reduced by 57%, mainly due to a substantial (90%) decrease in Na-K-2Cl cotransport activity. The Na(+)-independent K-Cl cotransport activity also dramatically decreased by a factor of 10. In contrast, the Na(+)-K+ pump activity did not change after 4 days in DMSO. These results demonstrate a marked reduction in the activities of inorganic ion cotransport systems as red blood cells differentiate to reticulocytes. Our study also demonstrates that a strong correlation exists between cell volume reduction and a decrease in the main inward leak pathway for K+: the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

CPK, Cheung. "T Cells, Endothelial Cell, Metabolism; A Therapeutic Target in Chronic Inflammation." Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 5, no. 2 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000163.

Full text
Abstract:
The role of metabolic reprogramming in the coordination of the immune response has gained increasing consideration in recent years. Indeed, it has become clear that changes in the metabolic status of immune cells can alter their functional properties. During inflammation, stimulated immune cells need to generate sufficient energy and biomolecules to support growth, proliferation and effector functions, including migration, cytotoxicity and production of cytokines. Thus, immune cells switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, increasing their glucose uptake. A similar metabolic reprogramming has been described in endothelial cells which have the ability to interact with and modulate the function of immune cells and vice versa. Nonetheless, this complicated interplay between local environment, endothelial and immune cells metabolism, and immune functions remains incompletely understood. We analyze the metabolic reprogramming of endothelial and T cells during inflammation and we highlight some key components of this metabolic switch that can lead to the development of new therapeutics in chronic inflammatory disease.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Becker, Christiane, Michael Hodenius, Gitta Blendinger, Antonio Sechi, Thomas Hieronymus, Detlef Müller-Schulte, Thomas Schmitz-Rode, and Martin Zenke. "Uptake of magnetic nanoparticles into cells for cell tracking." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 311, no. 1 (April 2007): 234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.11.203.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Tokita, N., and M. R. Raju. "Cell cycle-dependent adriamycin uptake in Chinese hamster cells." European Journal of Cancer and Clinical Oncology 21, no. 2 (February 1985): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-5379(85)90179-8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cell uptake"

1

Meylan-Gonin, Carole. "Enhanced cell uptake of cell penetrating peptide modified liposomes diploma thesis /." Zürich : ETH, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Departement Angewandte Biowissenschaften, Institut für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften, 2003. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=dipl&nr=111.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Holm, Tina. "Cell-penetrating peptides : Uptake, stability and biological activity." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för neurokemi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-55664.

Full text
Abstract:
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have emerged as a group of remarkable delivery vectors for various hydrophilic macromolecules, otherwise excluded from cells due to the protective plasma membrane. Unbiased conclusions regarding e.g. uptake mechanism, intracellular distribution and cargo delivery efficacy is complicated by the use of different methodological parameters by different laboratories. The first paper in this thesis introduced unifying protocols enabling comparison of results from different research groups. One of these methods, HPLC, was used in paper II to investigate CPP uptake and degradation in yeasts. Both parameters varied depending on peptide and yeast species; however pVEC emerged as a promising delivery vector in yeast since it internalized into both species tested without concomitant degradation. Protein mimicry was another investigated phenomenon and in paper III a 22-mer peptide from the p14Arf protein (Arf (1-22)) was found to be sufficient for retaining its function as a tumor suppressor. This peptide comprised a combination of apoptogenic property and CPP in one unity, thus providing opportunity to conjugate cytotoxic agents boosting the tumoricidal activity. Surprisingly, a partially inverted control peptide to Arf (1-22), called M918, was found to be an extraordinary CPP. In paper IV, it was shown to be superior to well-established CPPs in delivery of both peptide nucleic acids and proteins. Albeit the promising results these two peptides displayed, their utility in vivo, as with all peptides, is hampered by rapid degradation. With the aim of improving their stability, Arf (1-22) and M918 were synthesized with D-amino acids in the reverse order, a modification called retro-inverso (RI) isomerization. Their cell-penetrating ability was retained, but the treated cells displayed unexpected morphological alterations indicative of apoptosis. The presented results demonstrate the versatility of CPPs, functioning as vectors in both yeast and mammalian cells and as protein mimicking peptides with biological activity. Their potential as drug delivery agents is obvious; however, peptide degradation is an issue that requires further improvements before clinical success is in reach.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 5: In press.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Bugg, Trevor. "Uptake and efflux of PAHs across bacterial cell membranes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0008/MQ60096.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Varzakas, Theodore Haralambous. "Uptake of cell-wall degrading enzymes by soybean preparations." Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387769.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Turner, Mark C. "Cell culture models of insulin signalling and glucose uptake." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19582.

Full text
Abstract:
Insulin maintains glucose homeostasis through its binding of the insulin receptor and activation of the insulin signalling cascade in insulin sensitive tissues. Skeletal muscle is a major endocrine organ, and is responsible for the majority of post-prandial glucose disposal. The maintenance of glucose homeostasis is a delicate balance and impairments in glucose disposal can have significant physiological effects, resulting in the onset of metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Insulin stimulated glucose uptake involves a number of signalling proteins to enable uptake to occur. In order to understand the complexities associated with the insulin signalling cascade, cell culture models have provided a controlled and easily manipulated environment in which to investigate insulin stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. While the majority of these experiments have been conducted in conventional monolayer cultures, the growing field of three-dimensional tissue engineering provides an alternative environment in which skeletal muscle cells can be grown to investigate their physiological function. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the use of different cell culture models for investigating the effects of acute and chronic insulin exposure on skeletal muscle. Initial investigations aimed to establish glucose uptake in tissue engineering skeletal muscle constructs using tritium labelled (H3) 2-deoxy-d-glucose. Monolayer cultures were used to developed base line conditions. In these cultures, concentrations greater than 0.5 μCi for 15 minutes of insulin stimulation suggested an initial assay window for investigating insulin stimulated glucose uptake. However, the duration of insulin stimulation was not effective in measuring uptake in tissue engineered skeletal muscle constructs based upon western blot experiments of Akt phosphorylation, therefore insulin stimulation in skeletal muscle tissue engineered constructs was increased to 30 minutes. Glucose uptake is mediated via specific glucose transporter protein, GLUT1 and GLUT4. Therefore, the transcriptional profile of these transporters was elucidated in monolayer culture and tissue engineered skeletal muscle constructs. Time course experiments showed an increase in GLUT4 transcription in tissue engineered and monolayer culture systems which is associated with an increase in the transcription of skeletal muscle development and myogenic genes. In two dimensional culture, skeletal muscle cells were exposed to insulin during differentiation and in post-mitotic skeletal muscle myotubes to investigating the potential effects upon metabolic genes and proteins involved in insulin signalling. Chronic exposure to insulin during skeletal muscle differentiation reduced insulin signalling and resulted in an increase in basal glucose uptake and ablated insulin stimulated glucose uptake. In contrast, post-mitotic skeletal muscle myotubes did not shown similar changes and were not as responsive to acute insulin exposure. Therefore future experiments exposed skeletal muscle to insulin during differentiation. Using the previous findings as a basis for experimentation, the effects of chronic and acute insulin exposure upon three dimensional skeletal muscle constructs were investigated. Fibrin and collagen constructs were grown for a total period of 14 days. Constructs were exposed to insulin during differentiation and acutely stimulated for 30 minutes at day 14. Although there was a mean increase in Akt protein phosphorylation in both types of tissue-engineered constructs, these changes were not significant following acute insulin stimulation. In addition, glucose uptake in fibrin skeletal muscle constructs increased as a result of acute insulin stimulation however was not significantly difference to unstimulated constructs. The work presented in this thesis provides initial experimental data of the use of different skeletal muscle cell culture models for investigating insulin signalling and glucose uptake. Further research should further characterise these in vitro models for investigating skeletal muscle metabolism.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Staley, Ben Paul. "Quantification of cell penetrating peptide uptake by fluorescent techniques." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/quantification-of-cell-penetrating-peptide-uptake-by-fluorescent-techniques(529b93cb-3550-437a-959a-4eb2eba60da3).html.

Full text
Abstract:
Cell penetrating peptides have been the focus of drug delivery research for 15 years due to their apparent ability to deliver cargoes inside cells more readily than many other carriers. Using two of the most commonly studied peptides (tat47-57 and R9), the present study differs from previous work by deliberately choosing to observe uptake with lower peptide concentrations closer to potential therapeutic doses, and by implementing raster image correlation spectroscopy (RICS) on a commercial microscope to quantify uptake in parallel to other techniques such as fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), confocal microscopy, and mass spectroscopy.An initial study using mass spectrometry and ExPASy (Expert Protein Analysis System) revealed that the peptides are stable for at least one hour in PBS. Based on this initial information and other experimental conditions, the study took two main directions with regards to the peptide: the membrane interaction and accumulation in the cell.The peptides interaction with the cell membrane revealed that neither tat-TAMRA nor R9-TAMRA disrupts the membrane of cells: incorporation of FM2-10 in the membrane was not modified in K562 cells whilst it was in presence of the control lytic peptides GALA and mellitin. Based on this information confocal microscopy was utilised to assess the localisation on the cell membrane. Peptide binding to the membrane appeared to be heterogeneous in distribution at 1µM bulk concentration.Accumulation in cells of the peptides was observed incubated at 37°C, confocal microscopy showed punctuated distribution with intracellular aggregations of fluorescence measuring between 2.5-3.5µm in diameter. Co-staining with a nuclear dye revealed these aggregations to be focused around the nucleus of the cell. Initial FCS experiments indicated a concentration dependent accumulation of the peptide in the cells and a decrease of the intracellular diffusion coefficients at high concentration possibly corresponding with molecular crowding. Interestingly the anomalous diffusion model did not statistically improve the results.RICS was implemented to study the kinetics of entry of TAMRA labelled cell penetrating peptides in both Caco-2 and HeLa cells lines at concentrations between 500nM and 2µM. Concentrations above 1µM exhibited higher final intracellular concentrations, yet the measured diffusion coefficients were similarly independent of extracellular concentration. Both peptides appeared to enter the cell quickly with a fast initial uptake over the first 10 minutes, reaching a concentration maxima after 30 minutes.Overall, the study reveals that many published studies may be incorrect as they may only be reporting the presence of a fluorescent dye inside the cell not the peptide. The fast binding of the peptide to the membrane is likely to cause false positive results when traditionally studying internalisation kinetics such as using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Correlation spectroscopy techniques such as FCS, provide useful information on internalisation of the peptides, but the single spot measurement is limited when providing information on the entire cell. RICS is a progression of correlation spectroscopy and provides a more representative picture of the cell.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Twomey, Ciara. "Ribozyme delivery into the 32Db3a2 cell line." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323247.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

PHADNGAM, SURATCHANEE. "In Cell Imaging Techniques to Monitor Glucose Uptake, Cell Migration, and Vesicular Traffic: A Functional Study in Cancer Cells." Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/115172.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Ji, Yu. "Characterisation of red blood cell Phagocytosis and assessment of nanoparticle uptake by Monocytic cells." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/208148/1/Yu_Ji_Thesis.pdf.

Full text
Abstract:
This thesis explored interactions between monocytes and IgG sensitised RBCs as well as synthetic particles for clinical and biomedical application. A monocyte monolayer assay was developed for Red Cell Reference Laboratory in Australia to predict transfusion outcomes, and mechanism and immune modulation associated with this assay and biomedical potential of polystyrene particles were explored using genetic and biological studies. The results obtained will contribute to improved transfusion safety and patient management and contribute knowledge in the fields of biomedical research using nanomaterials.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Chernogubova, Ekaterina. "Adrenergic stimulation of glucose uptake in brown adipocytes." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : The Wenner-Gren institute, Stockholm university, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-549.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Cell uptake"

1

Bassingthwaighte, James B. Whole Organ Approaches to Cellular Metabolism: Permeation, Cellular Uptake, and Product Formation. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

B, Bassingthwaighte James, Goresky C. A. 1932-, and Linehan John H. 1938-, eds. Whole organ approaches to cellular metabolism: Permeation, cellular uptake, and product formation. New York: Springer, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Farlinger, Christopher M. The influence of skeletal muscle cell volume on the regulation of carbohydrate uptake and muscle metabolism. St. Catharines, Ont: Brock University, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, 2007.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Tarmohamed, Yasmin. The role of the cell wall in nickel and cadmium toxicity and uptake in two strains of chlamydomonas Reinhardtii. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1991.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Sarabia, Vivian E. Calcium homeostasis and regulation of glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle cells in culture. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1990.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Diver, Jonathan Michael. The uptake of quinolone antimicrobial agents into Escherichia coli: Transport mechanisms and physiological effects on cells. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Arnold, Michael. Mobile Phone Uptake: A Review of the Literature and a Framework for Research. Heidelberg Press, 2003.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Arnold, Michael. Mobile Phone Uptake: A Review of the Literature and a Framework for Research. Heidelberg Press, 2003.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

(Editor), James Bassingthwaighte, Carl A. Goresky (Editor), and John H. Linehan (Editor), eds. Whole Organ Approaches to Cellular Metabolism: Permeation, Cellular Uptake, and Product Formation. Springer, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Chaudhuri, Srimoyee Ray. Heterogeneous uptake of atmospheric organic gas phase species by condensed organic film substrates: A low-pressure effusive cell study. 2006.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Cell uptake"

1

Quadri, Luis E. N. "Iron Uptake in Mycobacteria." In The Mycobacterial Cell Envelope, 167–84. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555815783.ch10.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Langel, Ülo. "Kinetics of CPPs Cellular Uptake." In CPP, Cell-Penetrating Peptides, 325–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8747-0_8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Gachanja, Naomi N., David A. Dorward, Adriano G. Rossi, and Christopher D. Lucas. "Assays of Eosinophil Apoptosis and Phagocytic Uptake." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 113–32. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1095-4_10.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractEosinophil apoptosis (programmed cell death) plays an important role in several inflammatory and allergic conditions. Apoptosis triggers various mechanisms including activation of cysteine-aspartic proteases (caspases) and is characterized by morphological and biochemical changes. These include cellular condensation, nuclear fragmentation, increased mitochondrial permeability with loss of membrane potential, and exposure of phosphatidylserine on the cell membrane. A greater understanding of apoptotic mechanisms, subsequent phagocytosis (efferocytosis), and regulation of these processes is critical to understanding disease pathogenesis and development of potential novel therapeutic agents. Release of soluble factors and alterations to surface marker expression by eosinophils undergoing apoptosis aid them in signaling their presence to the immediate environment, and their subsequent recognition by phagocytic cells such as macrophages. Uptake of apoptotic cells usually suppresses inflammation by restricting proinflammatory responses and promoting anti-inflammatory and tissue repair responses. This, in turn, promotes resolution of inflammation. Defects in the apoptotic or efferocytosis mechanisms perpetuate inflammation, resulting in chronic inflammation and enhanced disease severity. This can be due to increased eosinophil life span or cell necrosis characterized by loss of cell membrane integrity and release of toxic intracellular mediators. In this chapter, we detail some of the key assays that are used to assess eosinophil apoptosis, as well as the intracellular signaling pathways involved and phagocytic clearance of these cells.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Richardson, D. H. S., S. Kiang, V. Ahmadjian, and E. Nieboer. "Lead and Uranium Uptake by Lichens." In Lichen Physiology and Cell Biology, 227–46. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2527-7_16.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Gestin, Maxime, Moataz Dowaidar, and Ülo Langel. "Uptake Mechanism of Cell-Penetrating Peptides." In Peptides and Peptide-based Biomaterials and their Biomedical Applications, 255–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66095-0_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Florén, Anders, Imre Mäger, and Ülo Langel. "Uptake Kinetics of Cell-Penetrating Peptides." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 117–28. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-919-2_9.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Simantov, Rabi. "Neurotransporters at the Juncture of Drug Action: Role in Programmed Cell Death, and Toxicity of Abused MDMA." In Neutrotransmitter Release and Uptake, 237–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60704-2_18.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Jensen, E., C. H. Florén, and Åke Nilsson. "Cell Density Dependent Uptake of LDL in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes." In Receptor-Mediated Uptake in the Liver, 38–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70956-2_8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

de Villiers, W. J. S., and D. R. van der Westhuyzen. "Macrophage Lipid Uptake and Foam Cell Formation." In Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, 147–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55742-2_9.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Preissmann, Anja, Rolf G. Werner, and Wolfgang Noé. "Monitoring and control of large — scale vaccine production via dynamic oxygen uptake rate measurement." In Animal Cell Technology, 169–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5404-8_28.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Cell uptake"

1

"Cell Uptake of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles." In International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c0615081.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Kuo, Chung-Fan, Fereshtehsadat Mirab, Mohammad Reza Abidian, and Sheereen Majd. "Nanoparticle Rigidity for Brain Tumor Cell Uptake." In 2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871312.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Kudo, Susumu, Ryuhei Yamaguchi, Masashi Sato, Kotaro Oka, and Kazuo Tanishita. "Albumin Uptake Into Endothelial Cells in Separated Flow." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2526.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The purpose of this study is to reveal the albumin uptake into endothelial cells in the separated flow area. After 24 hr of exposure to flow induced in a back step flow channel, the endothelial cells were incubated in 37°C for 60 minutes in PBS containing tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate conjugated albumin (TRITC-albumin). Thereafter, the cell morphology and the albumin uptake were observed by a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). In a low shear stress area (stagnant and reattachment areas), the cells aligned randomly. In a high shear stress area (reversal and fully developed areas), the cells were elongated and aligned to flow direction. In low-shear-stress and high-shear-stress gradient areas (reattachment areas), the amount of albumin uptake into the cells was the largest in all areas. These data indicate that shear stress and shear stress gradient affect the endothelial cell morphology and the albumin uptake into endothelial cells.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Eluvathingal, Sebastian J., Narcisse A. N’Dri, Mark Stremler, and David Cliffel. "Computational Modeling of a Cell-Based Microphysiometer." In ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98496.

Full text
Abstract:
A computational model of a cell-based microphysiometer is presented in this paper. The microphysiometer is a fluid based device that uses electrochemical sensors to measure the concentration of metabolites in the fluid medium around living cells. A computational code has been used to model the convective-diffusive transport in this system. This work focuses on modeling an oxygen electrochemical sensor. An ideal sensor model is used to study the effects of initial concentration and cell uptake rate on the sensor signal. In particular, the relative influence of the oxygen consumption by the sensor and the cells is examined. Removing the effect of the sensor allows isolation of cell behavior for various cell uptake rates and ranges of initial concentration. A preliminary comparison of computational results with experimental data is presented. The computational model provides very useful predictions of trends.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ateshian, Gerard A., Kevin D. Costa, Evren U. Azeloglu, Barclay Morrison, and Clark T. Hung. "Continuum Modeling of Biological Tissue Growth by Cell Division." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-205495.

Full text
Abstract:
A framework is formulated for continuum modeling of biological tissue growth that explicitly addresses cell division, using a homogenized representation of cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The essential elements of this model rely on the description of the cell as containing a solution of water and osmolytes, and having osmotically inactive solid constituents that may be generically described as a porous solid matrix. The division of a cell into two nearly identical daughter cells normally starts with the duplication of cell contents during the synthesis phase, followed by cell division during the mitosis phase. Thus, ultimately, cell division is equivalent to doubling of the cell solid matrix and osmolyte content, and a resulting increase in water uptake via osmotic effects. In a homogenized representation of the tissue, the geometry of individual cells is not modeled explicitly, but their solid matrix and intracellular osmolyte content can be suitably incorporated into the analysis of the tissue response, thereby accounting for their osmotic effects. Thus, cell division can be described by the growth of these cell constituents, including the accumulation of osmotically active content, and the resultant uptake of water.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Lindstrom, Zachary K., Nicholas Gregory, and Brian D. Jensen. "Design and Testing of an Automated Multi-Cell Nanoinjection System." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35122.

Full text
Abstract:
An automated nanoinjection system has been developed and tested for the delivery of propidium iodide into culture cells. Nanoinjection is the process by which molecules are delivered into living cells using a solid needle. Propidium iodide, a dye that fluoresces when bound to nucleic acids, was used as the injection molecule to monitor nanoinjection efficiency. The nanoinjection system uses a programmable microcontroller to manipulate a linear actuator, which presses a silicon lance array into thousands of living culture cells simultaneously. The lances penetrate cell membranes, allowing dye molecules to enter the cell through membrane pores opened by lances. The system was developed to apply the same injection force to each cell sample at the press of a button, eliminating any experimental variability in data due to the operator. Tests were performed at a dye concentration of 0.04 mg/mL for all experiments. Several forces were tested to determine the optimal nanoinjection force needed for maximum dye delivery. We found the optimal force range to be 8.8–14.7 N. The average PI uptake into cells at a force of 8.8 N and 14.7 N is 57.6±7.7% and 60.3±6.6%, respectively. Previous studies with a manual injection force have shown average propidium iodide uptake to be 60.4±18.0%. High cell viability is maintained with the automated nanoinjection system. At all forces applied in this experiment, an average of 78% or greater viability was observed. With the data gathered in this experiment, we conclude that the automated nanoinjection system eliminates much of the uptake efficiency variability inherent to nanoinjections performed with a manual injection force.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Guan, Yingxue, Aili Zhang, and Lisa X. Xu. "Theoretical Study of Cellular Uptake of QD Nanoparticles." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53361.

Full text
Abstract:
Cellular uptake kinetics of nanoparticles is one of the key issues determining the design and application of the particles. It is widely accepted that the nanoparticles getting into the cells mainly by endocytosis[1], a process which is found to be inhibited distinctly when temperature is below 4 °C. In fact, some nanoparticles could enter cells at lower temperatures or when the endocytosis was blocked[2–4]. Models describing the intrusion of the nanoparticles into cells only take the endocytosis process into consideration5. Meanwhile, other than the factors as concentration, size, electrical charge, temperature is also an important parameter affecting the uptake process, as binding with the receptors on the cell membranes[6] and endocytosis of nanoparticles[2, 3, 7] and etc. are all energy related. Thus, in this paper, the influence of temperature on the cellular uptake of QDs is studied experimentally, and a two-step mass transfer model describing the cellular internalization of the nanoparticles is developed by taking the temperature effect into consideration.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Lee, Chi-Hung, Jia-Ru Chen, Hung-Wei Shiu, Ko-Shan Ho, Shinn-Dar Wu, Kuo-Huang Hsieh, and Yen-Zen Wang. "Effect of Bridging Groups on Sulfonated Poly(Imide-Siloxane) for Application in Proton Exchange Membrane of Fuel Cells." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2008-65155.

Full text
Abstract:
A series of six-membered sulfonated poly(imide-siloxane)s were synthesized using 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTDA), aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) 2,2-benzidinedisulfonic acid (BDSA), as the sulfonation target diamine groups, and various non-sulfonated diamine monomers behaving as bridging groups. The structure-property relationship of SPI-SXx membranes is discussed in details according to the chemical structure of the nvarious non-sulfonated diamines of SPI-SXx membranes from the viewpoints of proton conductivity, ion exchange capacity (IEC) and membranes properties (water uptake, membrane swelling) at equal PDMS content SPI-SXx. They showed good solubility and high thermal stability up to 300 °C. The PDMS was introduced to enhance the proton conductivity and water uptake attributed from the highly flexibility of the siloxane segments. They showed a comparable or even higher proton conductivity than that of Nafion 117 in water at 60 °C. The conductivity and water uptake of angled, SPI-SXm and ODA-based SPI-SX membranes (SPI-SXO) are greater than those prepared from DDM-based SPI-SX membranes (SPI-SXD) at a given IEC. These differences resulted from the increased numbers of entanglements of the flexibility membrane. The SPI-SXD showed alomost isotropically dimensional changes with the increases of water uptake and the volume were slightly smaller than those estimated from the additivity rule. Microscopic analyses revealed that these smaller (<10 nm) and well-dispersed hydrophilic domains contribute to the better proton conducting properties. The new sulfonated poly(imide-siloxane)s have proved to be a possible candidate as the polymer electrolyte membrane for PEFCs and DMFCs.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Sessions, John W., Brad W. Hanks, Tyler E. Lewis, Brian D. Jensen, Dallin L. Lindstrom, and Sandra H. Burnett. "Saline Solution Effects on Propidium Iodide Uptake in Nanoinjected HeLa Cells." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35431.

Full text
Abstract:
Being able to deliver molecular loads to the intracellular space of mammalian cells is a key initial step of genetic engineering. In the following work, experimentation with nanoinjection, a non-viral molecular load delivery technique, was examined in regards to transmembrane delivery of propidium iodide (PI), a dye that cannot penetrate the cell membrane and fluoresces when bound to genetic material. Investigation includes two environmental factors: peak pulse amplitude (1.5 to 3, 5, 7, or 9 V) and saline type (HBSS, PBS with potassium, and PBS without potassium). Results indicate that PBS with potassium has significantly higher PI uptake efficiency than the other two saline solutions for pulsed voltages of 3V, 5V, and 7V (with the peak value being 3.352 times greater than the positive control). Also, cell viability analysis indicates that there is a measureable reduction in cell viability for voltage protocol samples in comparison to non-voltage protocol samples. Cell viabilities range from 74.5% to 89.4% for voltage protocol samples. Findings suggest that a possible combination of physical/electrical variables work in concert with biological mechanisms to contribute to overall cell survival and PI uptake efficiency in nanoinjection.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Lindstrom, Zachary K., Steven J. Brewer, Melanie A. Easter, Brian D. Jensen, and Sandra H. Burnett. "Injections of Propidium Iodide Into HeLa Culture Cells Using a Nanoinjection Lance Array." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13281.

Full text
Abstract:
Nanoinjection lance arrays have been used to inject propidium iodide, a dye, into living cells. The lance arrays consist of approximately four million needle-like structures on a 2 × 2 cm silicon chip, fabricated using standard methods for silicon wafers. A culture of HeLa cancer cells, commonly used in genetic research, has been employed for testing the nanoinjection process. Propidium iodide at several concentrations has been used as the dye for cell injection. The dye binds to nucleic acids after injection, and does not fluoresce when not bound, allowing accurate flow cytometry measurement of successful injections. Over 200 wells were tested to gather reliable testing data, consisting of negative controls (no treatment), positive controls (dye added with no injection), and samples (dye added and injection performed). Tests were performed for dye concentrations of 20, 40, 60, and 80 μL per 1 mL of cell media solution, for two different lance array geometries. The multi-cell nanoinjection process presented in this paper has proven to produce positive dye uptake results in injected cells while maintaining high cell viability, with an average uptake rate of about 52% for cells injected with the highest concentration of dye. Reviewing all data, the average sample success rate is 8 times higher than the rate of dye uptake in the positive controls. Cell viability in these tests is on average 96.2%. The process may be used in a variety of research areas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Cell uptake"

1

Moran, Nava, Richard Crain, and Wolf-Dieter Reiter. Regulation by Light of Plant Potassium Uptake through K Channels: Biochemical, Physiological and Biophysical Study. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7571356.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
The swelling of plant motor cells is regulated by various signals with almost unknown mediators. One of the obligatory steps in the signaling cascade is the activation of K+-influx channels -K+ channels activated by hyperpolarization (KH channels). We thus explored the regulation of these channels in our model system, motor cell protoplasts from Samanea saman, using patch-clamp in the "whole cell" configuration. (a) The most novel finding was that the activity of KH channels in situ varied with the time of the day, in positive correlation with cell swelling: in Extensor cells KH channels were active in the earlier part of the day, while in Flexor cells only during the later part of the day; (b) High internal pH promoted the activity of these channels in Extensor cells, opposite to the behavior of the equivalent channels in guard cells, but in conformity with the predicted behavior of the putative KH channel, cloned from S. saman recently; (c) HIgh external K+ concentration increased (KH channel currents in Flexor cells. BL depolarized the Flexor cells, as detected in cell-attached patch-clamp recording, using KD channels (the K+-efflux channels) as "voltage-sensing devices". Subsequent Red-Light (RL) pulse followed by Darkness, hyperpolarized the cell. We attribute these changes to the inhibition of the H+-pump by BL and its reactivation by RL, as they were abolished by an H+-pump inhibitor. BL increased also the activity KD channels, in a voltage-independent manner - in all probability by an independent signaling pathway. Blue-Light (BL), which stimulates shrinking of Flexor cells, evoked the IP3 signaling cascade (detected directly by IP3 binding assay), known to mobilize cytosolic Ca2+. Nevertheless, cytosolic Ca2+ . did not activate the KD channel in excised, inside-out patches. In this study we established a close functional similarity of the KD channels between Flexor and Extensior cells. Thus the differences in their responses must stem from different links to signaling in both cell types.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Yermiyahu, Uri, Thomas Kinraide, and Uri Mingelgrin. Role of Binding to the Root Surface and Electrostatic Attraction in the Uptake of Heavy Metal by Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7586482.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
The principal accomplishment of the research supported by BARD was progress toward a comprehensive view of cell-surface electrical effects (both in cell walls [CWs] and at plasma membrane [PM] surfaces) upon ion uptake, intoxication, and amelioration. The research confirmed that electrostatic models (e.g., Gouy-Chapman-Stern [G-C-S]), with parameter values contributed by us, successfully predict ion behavior at cell surfaces. Specific research objectives 1. To characterize the sorption of selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) to the root PM in the presence of other cations and organic ligands (citric and humic acids). 2. To compute the parameters of a G-C-S model for heavy-metal sorption to the root PM. 3. To characterize the accumulation of selected heavy metals in various plant parts. 4. To determine whether model-computed ion binding or ion activities at root PM surfaces predict heavy-metal accumulation in whole roots, root tips, or plant shoots. 5. To determine whether measured ion binding by protoplast-free roots (i.e., root CWs) predicts heavy-metal accumulation in whole roots, root tips, or plant shoots. 6. To correlate growth inhibition, and other toxic responses, with the measured and computed factors mentioned above. 7. To determine whether genotypic differences in heavy-metal accumulation and toxic responses correlate with genotypic differences in parameters of the G-C-S model. Of the original objectives, all except for objective 7 were met. Work performed to meet the other objectives, and necessitated on the basis of experimental findings, took the time that would have been required to meet objective 7. In addition, work with Pb was unsuccessful due to experimental complications and work on Cd is still in progress. On the other hand, the uptake and toxicity of the anion, selenate was characterized with respect to electrostatic effects and the influences of metal cations. In addition, the project included more theoretical work, supported by experimentation, than was originally planned. This included transmembrane ion fluxes considered in terms of PM-surface electrical potentials and the influence of CWs upon ion concentrations at PM surfaces. A important feature of the biogeochemistry of trace elements in the rhizosphere is the interaction between plant-root surfaces and the ions present in the soil solution. The ions, especially the cations, of the soil solution may be accumulated in the aqueous phases of cell surfaces external to the PMs, sometimes referred to as the "water free space" and the "Donnan free space". In addition, ions may bind to the CW components or to the PM surface with variable binding strength. Accumulation at the cell surface often leads to accumulation in other plant parts with implications for the safety and quality of foods. A G-C-S model for PMs and a Donnan-plus-binding model for CWs were used successfully to compute electrical potentials, ion binding, and ion concentration at root-cell surfaces. With these electrical potentials, corresponding values for ion activities may be computed that are at least proportional to actual values also. The computed cell-surface ion activities predict and explain ion uptake, intoxication, and amelioration of intoxication much more accurately than ion activities in the bulk-phase rooting medium.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Blumwald, Eduardo, and Avi Sadka. Citric acid metabolism and mobilization in citrus fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7587732.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Accumulation of citric acid is a major determinant of maturity and fruit quality in citrus. Many citrus varieties accumulate citric acid in concentrations that exceed market desires, reducing grower income and consumer satisfaction. Citrate is accumulated in the vacuole of the juice sac cell, a process that requires both metabolic changes and transport across cellular membranes, in particular, the mitochondrial and the vacuolar (tonoplast) membranes. Although the accumulation of citrate in the vacuoles of juice cells has been clearly demonstrated, the mechanisms for vacuolar citrate homeostasis and the components controlling citrate metabolism and transport are still unknown. Previous results in the PIs’ laboratories have indicated that the expression of a large number of a large number of proteins is enhanced during fruit development, and that the regulation of sugar and acid content in fruits is correlated with the differential expression of a large number of proteins that could play significant roles in fruit acid accumulation and/or regulation of acid content. The objectives of this proposal are: i) the characterization of transporters that mediate the transport of citrate and determine their role in uptake/retrieval in juice sac cells; ii) the study of citric acid metabolism, in particular the effect of arsenical compounds affecting citric acid levels and mobilization; and iii) the development of a citrus fruit proteomics platform to identify and characterize key processes associated with fruit development in general and sugar and acid accumulation in particular. The understanding of the cellular processes that determine the citrate content in citrus fruits will contribute to the development of tools aimed at the enhancement of citrus fruit quality. Our efforts resulted in the identification, cloning and characterization of CsCit1 (Citrus sinensis citrate transporter 1) from Navel oranges (Citrus sinesins cv Washington). Higher levels of CsCit1 transcripts were detected at later stages of fruit development that coincided with the decrease in the juice cell citrate concentrations (Shimada et al., 2006). Our functional analysis revealed that CsCit1 mediates the vacuolar efflux of citrate and that the CsCit1 operates as an electroneutral 1CitrateH2-/2H+ symporter. Our results supported the notion that it is the low permeable citrateH2 - the anion that establishes the buffer capacity of the fruit and determines its overall acidity. On the other hand, it is the more permeable form, CitrateH2-, which is being exported into the cytosol during maturation and controls the citrate catabolism in the juice cells. Our Mass-Spectrometry-based proteomics efforts (using MALDI-TOF-TOF and LC2- MS-MS) identified a large number of fruit juice sac cell proteins and established comparisons of protein synthesis patterns during fruit development. So far, we have identified over 1,500 fruit specific proteins that play roles in sugar metabolism, citric acid cycle, signaling, transport, processing, etc., and organized these proteins into 84 known biosynthetic pathways (Katz et al. 2007). This data is now being integrated in a public database and will serve as a valuable tool for the scientific community in general and fruit scientists in particular. Using molecular, biochemical and physiological approaches we have identified factors affecting the activity of aconitase, which catalyze the first step of citrate catabolism (Shlizerman et al., 2007). Iron limitation specifically reduced the activity of the cytosolic, but not the mitochondrial, aconitase, increasing the acid level in the fruit. Citramalate (a natural compound in the juice) also inhibits the activity of aconitase, and it plays a major role in acid accumulation during the first half of fruit development. On the other hand, arsenite induced increased levels of aconitase, decreasing fruit acidity. We have initiated studies aimed at the identification of the citramalate biosynthetic pathway and the role(s) of isopropylmalate synthase in this pathway. These studies, especially those involved aconitase inhibition by citramalate, are aimed at the development of tools to control fruit acidity, particularly in those cases where acid level declines below the desired threshold. Our work has significant implications both scientifically and practically and is directly aimed at the improvement of fruit quality through the improvement of existing pre- and post-harvest fruit treatments.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Masinde, Lwandiko. The Dynamics of Intracellular Uptake of Surface Modified Poly (d, L-Lactide-co-Glycolide) Nanoparticles in Breast Cancer Cells (Rev). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada595766.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

James, Christian, Ronald Dixon, Luke Talbot, Stephen James, Nicola Williams, and Bukola Onarinde. Assessing the impact of heat treatment on antimicrobial resistant (AMR) genes and their potential uptake by other ‘live’ bacteria. Food Standards Agency, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.oxk434.

Full text
Abstract:
Addressing the public health threat posed by AMR is a national strategic priority for the UK, which has led to both a 20-year vision of AMR and a 5-year (2019 to 2024) AMR National Action Plan (NAP). The latter sets out actions to slow the development and spread of AMR with a focus on antimicrobials. The NAP used an integrated ‘One-Health’ approach which spanned people, animals, agriculture and the environment, and calls for activities to “identify and assess the sources, pathways, and exposure risks” of AMR. The FSA continues to contribute to delivery of the NAP in a number of ways, including through furthering our understanding of the role of the food chain and AMR.Thorough cooking of food kills vegetative bacterial cells including pathogens and is therefore a crucial step in reducing the risk of most forms of food poisoning. Currently, there is uncertainty around whether cooking food is sufficient to denature AMR genes and mobile genetic elements from these ‘dead’ bacteria to prevent uptake by ‘live’ bacteria in the human gut and other food environments - therefore potentially contributing to the overall transmission of AMR to humans. This work was carried out to assess these evidence gaps.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Granot, David, Richard Amasino, and Avner Silber. Mutual effects of hexose phosphorylation enzymes and phosphorous on plant development. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587223.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Research objectives 1) Analyze the combined effects of hexose phosphorylation and P level in tomato and Arabidopsis plants 2) Analyze the combined effects of hexose phosphorylation and P level in pho1 and pho2 Arabidopsis mutants 3) Clone and analyze the PHO2 gene 4) Select Arabidopsis mutants resistant to high and low P 5) Analyze the Arabidopsis mutants and clone the corresponding genes 6) Survey wild tomato species for growth characteristics at various P levels Background to the topic Hexose phosphorylating enzymes, the first enzymes of sugar metabolism, regulate key processes in plants such as photosynthesis, growth, senescence and vascular transport. We have previously discovered that hexose phosphorylating enzymes might regulate these processes as a function of phosphorous (P) concentration, and might accelerate acquisition of P, one of the most limiting nutrients in the soil. These discoveries have opened new avenues to gain fundamental knowledge about the relationship between P, sugar phosphorylation and plant development. Since both hexose phosphorylating enzymes and P levels affect plant development, their interaction is of major importance for agriculture. Due to the acceleration of senescence caused by the combined effects of hexose phosphorylation and P concentration, traits affecting P uptake may have been lost in the course of cultivation in which fertilization with relatively high P (30 mg/L) are commonly used. We therefore intended to survey wild tomato species for high P-acquisition at low P soil levels. Genetic resources with high P-acquisition will serve not only to generate a segregating population to map the trait and clone the gene, but will also provide a means to follow the trait in classical breeding programs. This approach could potentially be applicable for other crops as well. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements Our results confirm the mutual effect of hexose phosphorylating enzymes and P level on plant development. Two major aspects of this mutual effect arose. One is related to P toxicity in which HXK seems to play a major role, and the second is related to the effect of HXK on P concentration in the plant. Using tomato plants we demonstrated that high HXK activity increased leaf P concentration, and induced P toxicity when leaf P concentration increases above a certain high level. These results further support our prediction that the desired trait of high-P acquisition might have been lost in the course of cultivation and might exist in wild species. Indeed, in a survey of wild species we identified tomato species that acquired P and performed better at low P (in the irrigation water) compared to the cultivated Lycopersicon esculentum species. The connection between hexose phosphorylation and P toxicity has also been shown with the P sensitive species VerticordiaplumosaL . in which P toxicity is manifested by accelerated senescence (Silber et al., 2003). In a previous work we uncovered the phenomenon of sugar induced cell death (SICD) in yeast cells. Subsequently we showed that SICD is dependent on the rate of hexose phosphorylation as determined by Arabidopsis thaliana hexokinase. In this study we have shown that hexokinase dependent SICD has many characteristics of programmed cell death (PCD) (Granot et al., 2003). High hexokinase activity accelerates senescence (a PCD process) of tomato plants, which is further enhanced by high P. Hence, hexokinase mediated PCD might be a general phenomena. Botrytis cinerea is a non-specific, necrotrophic pathogen that attacks many plant species, including tomato. Senescing leaves are particularly susceptible to B. cinerea infection and delaying leaf senescence might reduce this susceptibility. It has been suggested that B. cinerea’s mode of action may be based on induction of precocious senescence. Using tomato plants developed in the course of the preceding BARD grant (IS 2894-97) and characterized throughout this research (Swartzberg et al., 2006), we have shown that B. cinerea indeed induces senescence and is inhibited by autoregulated production of cytokinin (Swartzberg et al., submitted). To further determine how hexokinase mediates sugar effects we have analyzed tomato plants that express Arabidopsis HXK1 (AtHXK1) grown at different P levels in the irrigation water. We found that Arabidopsis hexokinase mediates sugar signalling in tomato plants independently of hexose phosphate (Kandel-Kfir et al., submitted). To study which hexokinase is involved in sugar sensing we searched and identified two additional HXK genes in tomato plants (Kandel-Kfir et al., 2006). Tomato plants have two different hexose phosphorylating enzymes; hexokinases (HXKs) that can phosphorylate either glucose or fructose, and fructokinases (FRKs) that specifically phosphorylate fructose. To complete the search for genes encoding hexose phosphorylating enzymes we identified a forth fructokinase gene (FRK) (German et al., 2004). The intracellular localization of the four tomato HXK and four FRK enzymes has been determined using GFP fusion analysis in tobacco protoplasts (Kandel-Kfir et al., 2006; Hilla-Weissler et al., 2006). One of the HXK isozymes and one of the FRK isozymes are located within plastids. The other three HXK isozymes are associated with the mitochondria while the other three FRK isozymes are dispersed in the cytosol. We concluded that HXK and FRK are spatially separated in plant cytoplasm and accordingly might play different metabolic and perhaps signalling roles. We have started to analyze the role of the various HXK and FRK genes in plant development. So far we found that LeFRK2 is required for xylem development (German et al., 2003). Irrigation with different P levels had no effect on the phenotype of LeFRK2 antisense plants. In the course of this research we developed a rapid method for the analysis of zygosity in transgenic plants (German et al., 2003).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Desiderati, Christopher. Carli Creek Regional Water Quality Project: Assessing Water Quality Improvement at an Urban Stormwater Constructed Wetland. Portland State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/mem.78.

Full text
Abstract:
Stormwater management is an ongoing challenge in the United States and the world at-large. As state and municipal agencies grapple with conflicting interests like encouraging land development, complying with permits to control stormwater discharges, “urban stream syndrome” effects, and charges to steward natural resources for the long-term, some agencies may turn to constructed wetlands (CWs) as aesthetically pleasing and functional natural analogs for attenuating pollution delivered by stormwater runoff to rivers and streams. Constructed wetlands retain pollutants via common physical, physicochemical, and biological principles such as settling, adsorption, or plant and algae uptake. The efficacy of constructed wetlands for pollutant attenuation varies depending on many factors such as flow rate, pollutant loading, maintenance practices, and design features. In 2018, the culmination of efforts by Clackamas Water Environment Services and others led to the opening of the Carli Creek Water Quality Project, a 15-acre constructed wetland adjacent to Carli Creek, a small, 3500-ft tributary of the Clackamas River in Clackamas County, OR. The combined creek and constructed wetland drain an industrialized, 438-acre, impervious catchment. The wetland consists of a linear series of a detention pond and three bioretention treatment cells, contributing a combined 1.8 acres of treatment area (a 1:243 ratio with the catchment) and 3.3 acre-feet of total runoff storage. In this study, raw pollutant concentrations in runoff were evaluated against International Stormwater BMP database benchmarks and Oregon Water Quality Criteria. Concentration and mass-based reductions were calculated for 10 specific pollutants and compared to daily precipitation totals from a nearby precipitation station. Mass-based reductions were generally higher for all pollutants, largely due to runoff volume reduction on the treatment terrace. Concentration-based reductions were highly variable, and suggested export of certain pollutants (e.g., ammonia), even when reporting on a mass-basis. Mass load reductions on the terrace for total dissolved solids, nitrate+nitrite, dissolved lead, and dissolved copper were 43.3 ± 10%, 41.9 ± 10%, 36.6 ± 13%, and 43.2 ± 16%, respectively. E. coli saw log-reductions ranging from -1.3 — 3.0 on the terrace, and -1.0 — 1.8 in the creek. Oregon Water Quality Criteria were consistently met at the two in-stream sites on Carli Creek for E. coli with one exception, and for dissolved cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper (with one exception for copper). However, dissolved total solids at the downstream Carli Creek site was above the Willamette River guidance value 100 mg/L roughly 71% of the time. The precipitation record during the study was useful for explaining certain pollutant reductions, as several mechanisms are driven by physical processes, however it was not definitive. The historic rain/snow/ice event in mid-February 2021 appeared to impact mass-based reductions for all metals. Qualitatively, precipitation seemed to have the largest effect on nutrient dynamics, specifically ammonia-nitrogen. Determining exact mechanisms of pollutant removals was outside the scope of this study. An improved flow record, more targeted storm sampling, or more comprehensive nutrient profiles could aid in answering important questions on dominant mechanisms of this new constructed wetland. This study is useful in establishing a framework and baseline for understanding this one-of-a-kind regional stormwater treatment project and pursuing further questions in the future.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Cell uptake' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography