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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cell suspension

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Academic literature on the topic 'Cell suspension'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cell suspension"

1

Horie, Masanori, Haruhisa Kato, Shigehisa Endoh, Ayako Nakamura, Junko Maru, Naohide Shinohara, and Katsuhide Fujita. "Effects of Various Carbon Nanotube Suspensions on A549, THP-1, and Peritoneal Macrophage Cells." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 24 (July 2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.24.1.

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The effects of iron content, fiber length, and stability of carbon nanotube (CNT) suspension on cells were examined. Five kinds of single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) suspensions were prepared: with catalytic iron, without iron, long SWCNTs (stable), short SWCNTs (stable), and short SWCNT (unstable). These suspensions were applied to A549, THP-1, and mouse peritoneal macrophage cells. After a 24-h exposure, the mitochondrial activity, cell membrane damage, intracellular oxidative stress, and expression of cytokine genes were determined. Among these properties of SWCNTs, stability of CNT suspension had the most influence on the cells, whereas the effects of iron content and fiber length were small. The unstable SWCNT suspension caused a substantial increase in intracellular ROS levels. Additionally, the cellular effects of stable multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were examined. The MWCNT suspension did not show any cellular effects. Overall, influences of CNT suspension on mitochondrial activity and cell membrane damage were small. These results suggest that the physical properties of CNT suspension are important factors for their cellular effects. Thus, CNT suspensions prepared with the same material but having different physical properties would differ in the cellular effects they exert, including cytotoxicity. Therefore, physical characterization of CNT suspensions is essential to the evaluation of CNT toxicity. In particular, stability of CNT suspension notably influenced the intracellular ROS level.

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Greer, Ann Francine, and Zohreh Tabaeizadeh. "Characterization and plant regeneration of cell suspension cultures of Lycopersicon chilense." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 10 (October 1, 1991): 2257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-283.

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To produce calli for the establishment of a cell suspension, leaf, stem, and petiole explants of Lycopersicon chilense Dun., grown in vitro and in the soil, were cultured on media containing 15 different combinations of benzylaminopurine, kinetin, and indole acetic acid. Among the three types of tissues, leaf explants showed the best response. Cell suspension cultures of L. chilense were established from leaf callus derived from soil grown plants using Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with casein hydrolysate (250 mg/L), coconut water (5%), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2 mg/L). Once established, cell suspensions showed a rapid growth rate with no marked lag phase. Shooting via organogenesis occurred from callus derived from cell suspensions on medium containing 2 mg/L benzylaminopurine. Regenerated plants had the same morphology as the original plants. Key words: Lycopersicon chilense, tomato, tissue culture, cell suspensions, organogenesis, plant regeneration.

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Stano, J., K. Mičieta A Barth, M. Valšíková, M. Fulmeková, P. Matejka, and M. Varadínová. "Identification of sucrase activity in cell suspension and culture medium of melon." Horticultural Science 32, No. 3 (November 23, 2011): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3774-hortsci.

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The activity of (soluble acid) sucrase was detected in a culture medium of the cell suspension culture of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris L.). A simple and rapid procedure for the identification and determination of extracellular sucrase from a culture medium of watermelon cell suspension cultures is described. Sucrose was used as a substrate for the determination of extracellular and intracellular activities of the enzyme. Intracellular activity was estimated from the cell suspension. The results show a 91.5–92.0% intracellular and 8.0–8.5% extracellular distribution of sucrase activity. The described method enables to carry out a rapid, simple and specific detection of extracellular sucrase in plants.  

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Teng, Whei-Lan, Yann-Jiun Liu, and Tai-Sen Soong. "Rapid Regeneration of Lettuce from Suspension Culture." HortScience 27, no. 9 (September 1992): 1030–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.9.1030.

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An efficient method for the regeneration of shoots directly from cell suspensions of three commercial cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Great Lakes 659-700, Salad Bowl, and Prize Head) is described. Cell suspensions were prepared by osterizing cotyledon-derived callus for 60 seconds. The effects of callus quality, light intensity, carbohydrate type and concentration, auxins, and cytokinins on cell growth and differentiation in the suspension culture were examined. Among these factors, callus quality and carbohydrates were the most critical. The optimal medium for regeneration of shoots in suspension culture was SH (Schenk and Hilderbrandt) basal medium containing 1000 mg myo -inositol/liter, 1.5% glucose, 0.44 μm BA, and 0.54 μm NAA. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.8. Under such condition, hundreds of shoots could be produced from 50 to 55 mg (dry wt) of cell aggregates within 2 weeks. Chemical names used: α-] naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); indole3-acetic acid (IAA); 6-benzylaminopurine (BA).

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Liu, Sheng-Long, Lu Yang, Cheng-Jun Zhu, Kai Liu, Wei Han, and Jia-Feng Yao. "A method of identifying cell suspension concentration based on bioimpedance spectroscopy." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 7 (2022): 078701. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20211837.

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Based on bioimpedance spectroscopy technology, a method of automatically identifying the cell suspension concentration is proposed. This method combines multiple linear regression algorithm and bioimpedance spectroscopy technology, which can identify the concentration of cell suspension quickly and accurately. Firstly, a strategy of random distribution of cell locations is proposed to simulate the true existence of cells. Secondly, 2400 groups of normal, cancerous and mixed cell models with different concentrations are generated by numerical simulation and their bioimpedance spectroscopy data are calculated.Thirdly, the multiple linear regression algorithm (MLR), support vector machine (SVM), and gradient boosting regression algorithm (GBR) are used to identify the concentration of cancerous cells. The simulation results show that the MLR is the best regression model for cell suspension concentration identification and its average goodness of fit and mean square error are 0.9997 and 0.0008respectively. Finally, the MLR is applied to the identification of red blood cell suspensions with different concentrations, the experimental results show that the average goodness of fit and mean square error are 0.9998 and 0.0079, respectively, indicating that this method has a greater ability to identify cell suspension concentrations.

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Oman, Srecko F., M. Filomena Camões, Kipton J. Powell, Raj Rajagopalan, and Petra Spitzer. "Guidelines for potentiometric measurements in suspensions Part B. Guidelines for practical pH measurements in soil suspensions (IUPAC Recommendations 2006)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 79, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200779010081.

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The measured cell potentials for suspension potentiometric cells have been interpreted and explained by a detailed analysis of the schemes for these cells ["Guidelines for potentiometric measurements in suspensions. Part A. The suspension effect (IUPAC Technical Report", Pure Appl. Chem.79, 67 (2007)]. Some former disagreements amongst investigations have been clarified. A new unambiguous operational definition of the suspension effect (SE) is presented. It is defined as the difference in cell potential for two suspension potentiometric cells, one with both electrodes in the separated equilibrium solution (eqs) and the other with both electrodes in the sediment or suspension. This potential difference is the sum of the change in the indicator electrode (IE) potential and the change in the liquid junction potential of the reference electrode (RE), when the electrodes are used for measurement, once in the sediment of the suspension and then in its eqs.

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Eilert, U., B. Wolters, and F. Constabel. "Ultrastructure of acridone alkaloid idioblasts in roots and cell cultures of Ruta graveolens." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 6 (June 1, 1986): 1089–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-149.

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Histological analysis of Ruta graveolens L. roots and in vitro grown cell suspensions revealed idioblasts with vacuoles containing clusters of droplets thought to be the storage compartment of acridone alkaloids. These idioblasts contained numerous vacuoles of varying sizes rather than the large, single, central vacuole characteristic of most adjacent parenchyma cells. The structure of idioblasts in roots and suspension cultures was identical. Treatment of suspension cultures with fungal elicitors known to increase alkaloid accumulation greatly did not affect the structure of idioblasts.

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Kaiser, Stephan C., Katharina Blaschczok, and Dieter Eibl. "Novel CHO Suspension Cell Cultivation." Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News 33, no. 14 (August 2013): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/gen.33.14.17.

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Curtis, Wayne R., and Alden H. Emery. "Plant cell suspension culture rheology." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42, no. 4 (August 5, 1993): 520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260420416.

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Sherwood, J. D. "Cell models for suspension viscosity." Chemical Engineering Science 61, no. 20 (October 2006): 6727–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2006.07.016.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cell suspension"

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Menges, Margit. "Synchronisation of Arabidopsis cell suspension cultures." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620602.

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Green, Martha Alexandra. "Apoplastic ascorbate metabolism in rose cell suspension cultures." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14944.

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Endogenous intraprotoplasmic ascorbate in rose cell suspension cultures as a model system ranged from 0.05 mmol kg^-1 in 0-d-old cultures to 1.1 mmol kg^-1 in 5-d-old cultures. Apoplastic ascorbate was estimated as 0.5 and 8 μM in 0- and 5-d-old cultures respectively, indicating that ascorbate is endogenous to, and may be metabolised within, the apoplast. Exogenous (apoplastic) 1 mM L-[1-¹⁴C]ascorbate was almost completely consumed (metabolised and/or taken up) by rose cultures within 8 hours of administration. Total ¹⁴C was removed from medium but slower than ascorbate. The calculated concentration of metabolites of ascorbate showed that metabolites were formed in the medium and then removed from the medium in 5-d-old cultures. Removal of metabolites could be due to either uptake by or binding to cells. The nature of the metabolites of 0.5 mM [1-¹⁴C]ascorbate was examined in 5-d-old rose culture and spent medium by electrophoresis at pH 6.5. Ascorbate was metabolised both enzymically in spent medium and non-enzymically in boiled spent medium. Three ¹⁴C-metabolites were identified as dehydroascorbate, diketogulonate and oxalate. Other acidic ¹⁴C-metabolites (C, D, E and F) have not as yet been identified. F is highly mobile during electrophoresis at pH 2.0, showing that it has a low pK. C, D and E are also mobile at pH 2.0 but less so than F. E and C are interconvertible non-enzymically during storage and can E be regenerated by treatment with NaOH, suggesting that C is a lactone of E. ¹⁴C-F was converted to [¹⁴C]oxalate by whole culture and by spent medium but not by boiled spent medium, indicating an enzyme-catalysed reaction. The enzyme was partially inhibited by 100 mM azide but not by antioxidants. [¹⁴C]Oxalate was produced from¹⁴C-F by alkali hydrolysis indicating the presence of an oxalyl ester group. The metabolism of apoplastic ascorbate, described in this thesis, is very different from its intraprotoplasmic metabolism. I have identified novel metabolites and propose a novel pathway for the metabolism of apoplastic ascorbate.

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Chakrabortee, Sohini. "Characterisation of cytokinin responses in arabidopsis cell suspension culture." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613927.

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Smith, Rachel C. "Xyloglucan endotransglycosylation in the apoplast of plant cell suspension cultures." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12139.

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Xyloglucan is thought to form cross-links between cellulose microfibrils within the plant cell wall. The hydrolysis of these 'tethers' may be involved in wall loosening, and a control of cell expansion. Transglycosylation reactions between xyloglucan 'tethers' has for some years been suggested as an alternative mechanism to hydrolysis by which the plant cell wall may be loosened. The work described in this thesis is an investigation of this hypothesis. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) cell suspension cultures were incubated with [xylosyl-³H]xyloglucan nonasaccharide (XG9; Glc₄.Xyl₃.Gal.Fuc) and [reducing terminus-³H]XG9. The majority of ³H-labelled material remained soluble and extracellular (69-98% ), and 53-57% of it underwent an apparent increase in molecular weight as shown by gel permeation chromatography. This result could suggest the occurrence of a transglycosylation reaction in the apoplast. A proportion of XG9 was hydrolysed to low molecular weight ³H-labelled products. [³H]-XG9 was found to have undergone no appreciable re-arrangementon incorporation into the high molecular weight product as complete acid hydrolysis and Driselase digestion released similar ³H-labelled hydrolysis products from the putative transglycosylation product, as from [³H]-XG9. The reducing terminus of the oligosaccharide remained as a reducing terminus of the high molecular weight product. This was shown by sodium borohydride reduction of the product formed during incubation of cells with [reducing terminus-³H]XG9. This would suggest that XG9 acts as the acceptor substrate, an apoplastic donor being cleaved and the newly formed potentially reducing terminus of this polymer being transferred onto XG9.

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Eberhardt, Thomas Leonard. "Characterization of lignin deposition in Pinus taeda L. cell suspension cultures." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-134210/.

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Athwal, Gurdeep Singh. "Glutamate dehydrogenase, its role, regulation and characterisation in carrot cell suspension cultures." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307584.

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Van, der Westhuizen Andries P. P. "The evaluation of solids suspension in a pilot scale mechanical flotation cell." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5390.

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Includes bibliographical references.
The central step in flotation is particle collection, with solids suspension together with gas dispersion and reagent mixing as necessary preconditions for particle collection. Solids suspension is therefore often identified as an important subprocess for effective flotation. Yet, surprisingly little work has been published on solids suspension in mechanical flotation cells, especially more recent studies since the advent of round mechanical flotation cells and the subsequent dramatic increases in maximum cell sizes are largely lacking.

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Riley, Bryan Scott. "The Suspension Cultivation of, and the use of Alternative Cell lines for the In Vitro Cultivation of, Treponema Pallidum Subspecies Pallidum." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798117/.

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This study had two objectives: to achieve suspension cultivation of Sf1Ep cells and to develop procedures for achieving the replication of T. pallidum in those cell cultures. Sf1Ep cells have been the sole cell line used for the in vitro cultivation of T. pallidum. A study was undertaken to determine if other cell lines can support growth of T. pallidum. Rabbit skin fibroblasts (RAB-9), nude mouse ear (NME) cells, and normal rebbit testis fibroblasts (RT) were compared to Sf1Ep cells for their ability to support in vitro multiplication of T. pallidum. RAB-9 cells supported multiplication of treponemes equal to that of Sf1Ep cells. NME and RT cells also supported growth but to a lesser extent than Sf1Ep cells. Utilization of alternative cell lines may lead to improved in vitro growth of T. pallidum including possible serial passage.

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Kang, Jane. "Migration of blood cells in non-uniform suspension for a dialyzer design." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53871.

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Hemodialysis is a renal replacement therapy that removes waste solutes from the blood stream using concentration gradients across a membrane. In order to overcome several shortcomings and increase the waste removal rate, a new dialyzer (filter) design is proposed in this study. In the new dialyzer design, the blood concurrently flows with a sheath fluid in a micro-fluidic channel. Because the blood stream directly contacts the sheath stream, it is important to prevent blood cell migration from the blood stream to the sheath stream while providing enough time for the waste solutes to diffuse into the sheath stream. This research was intended to understand the migration behavior of red blood cells (RBC) and platelets in non-uniform suspension flow, where the blood and sheath flows in direct contact, and apply the results to identify the feasible design space of the proposed dialyzer. The effect of different flow conditions and channel geometry on the blood cell extraction ratios (ER), the ratio of cells lost into the sheath stream, in non-uniform suspension flows was parametrically studied using Lattice Boltzmann and Spectrin Link (LB-SL) method based direct numerical simulation (DNS). Analyzing ER over the flow distance showed that the channel size and the area ratio of sheath to channel are the main variables that affect the ER. Based on the relationship found, a meta-model of RBC ER was created, although platelet ERs showed only a general trend. Based on the study, feasible conditions that will retain blood cells in the blood stream were identified. Then, the DNS results of blood cell ER were used with a molecule diffusion model and a hemodialysis system model to study the feasibility of the proposed dialyzer design that maximizes middle molecule filtration with limited blood cell and protein loss. No feasible design was found in the studied range suggesting that relying purely on the diffusion based on the direct contact for the removal of middle molecules is not a feasible solution with the small channel size (~700 µm) due to the loss of protein. It suggested that in order to increase the middle molecule removal while maintain the protein level, clearance ratio of middle molecule to protein should be increased using large channel size, small sheath stream thickness, long tubule length, and slow blood flow velocity. The intellectual merit of this research lies in understanding the migration behavior of blood cells in a non-uniform suspension. This knowledge helped to establish the feasibility of the proposed dialyzer design and can be applied in a variety of applications for the manipulation of cells in a micro-fluidic channel.

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Waldbillig, David. "Aqueous suspension plasma spraying of yttria stabilized zirconia solid oxide fuel cell electrolytes." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27910.

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In order to meet increasing world energy demand in a sustainable manner, clean and efficient new energy technologies need to be developed. Fuel cells have been proposed as a potential energy conversion technology to help facilitate this transition to cleaner energy. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) in particular are thought to be a practical, near term clean energy technology; however, current state-of-the-art wet ceramic fabrication techniques make SOFC manufacturing labour-intensive, fairly expensive and difficult to automate, and the high firing temperatures required limit the usable materials sets and increase production times. Plasma spraying (PS) is a potential next generation SOFC fabrication process that can rapidly produce fully sintered ceramic layers without the need for post deposition heat treatments; however, it is difficult to produce the thin, fully dense layers required for SOFC electrolytes using conventional plasma spray techniques, as the carrier gas based feeding configurations typically require large feedstock powders. Suspension plasma spraying (SPS) is a modification of conventional PS processes that uses micron or sub-micron sized feedstock powders suspended in a carrier liquid. SPS has the potential to significantly improve coating quality and microstructural control. Thus plasma spray manufacturing methods may have the ability to both reduce cell fabrication and material costs and improve cell performance, making them an important step toward successful SOFC commercialization. This project investigated the properties of metal supported aqueous SPS yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) layers that could be used as SOFC electrolytes and developed a thorough understanding of the relationships between the base layers (substrate and cathode), suspension and plasma spraying parameters and the resulting coating properties. Using this understanding, plasma sprayed full cells (cathode, electrolyte and anode) with optimized electrolyte microstructures with 96% density were produced and electrochemically tested. The measured open circuit voltage values were approximately 90% of the Nernst voltages, and electrolyte area specific resistances below 0.1 Ω cm² were obtained at 750⁰C for electrolyte thicknesses below 20 μm. Least-squares fitting was used to estimate the contributions of the YSZ bulk material, its microstructure, and the contact resistance to the measured series resistance values.

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Books on the topic "Cell suspension"

1

Kowalski, Adam Jan. Microscale fluid dynamic effects in suspension processing and attrition of cell cultures. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1991.

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Ann, Salciccioli Kristina. Structural elucidation of a compound extracted from Taxus cuspidata cell suspension cultures. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1995.

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Kraml, Marlene Margaretha. Altered alkaloid metabolism in plant cell suspension cultures of Thalictrum rugosum Ait. (Ranunculaceae). Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1992.

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Estrella, Rosario Vera. Effect of race specific elicitors and non-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum on tomato cell suspension cultures. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1992.

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Swan, Timothy William. The use of higher plant cell suspension cultures in the development and assessment of In Vitro biomarker systems to detect xenobiotic exposure. [Derby: University of Derby], 2004.

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Meyer, Hans-Peter, and Diego R. Schmidhalter, eds. Industrial Scale Suspension Culture of Living Cells. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527683321.

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Vasileiadou, P. Dewatering of microbial cell suspensions using colloidal gas aphrons. Manchester: UMIST, 1996.

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Radvanyi, Leslie G. Purification and characterization of calmodulin from suspension-cultured Catharanthus roseus cells. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1990.

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Kearns, Anne. Transmembrane transport of anionic fluorescent dyes by suspension-cultured plant cells. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1996.

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I͡A︡kovlevich, Sidʹko Fedor, and Prishivalko A. P, eds. Vvedenie v optiku vzveseĭ kletok. Novosibirsk: "Nauka," Sibirskoe otd-nie, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cell suspension"

1

Neumann, Karl-Hermann, Jafargholi Imani, and Ashwani Kumar. "Cell Suspension Cultures." In Plant Cell and Tissue Culture - A Tool in Biotechnology, 43–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-93883-5_4.

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Neumann, Karl-Hermann, Ashwani Kumar, and Jafargholi Imani. "Cell Suspension Cultures." In Plant Cell and Tissue Culture – A Tool in Biotechnology, 61–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49098-0_4.

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Moscatiello, Roberto, Barbara Baldan, and Lorella Navazio. "Plant Cell Suspension Cultures." In Plant Mineral Nutrients, 77–93. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-152-3_5.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Overview of Cell Suspension Culture." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 151–60. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_18.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Plating of Cell Suspension Cultures." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 164–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_20.

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Lorthois, Sylvie. "Blood suspension in a network." In Dynamics of Blood Cell Suspensions in Microflows, 257–86. Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2020] j Includes bibliographical references and index.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21806-8.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Establishment of Carrot Cell Suspension Cultures." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 161–63. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_19.

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Torres, Kenneth C. "Embryogenesis in Carrot Cell Suspension Cultures." In Tissue Culture Techniques for Horticultural Crops, 169–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9756-8_21.

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Elvevold, Kjetil, Ingelin Kyrrestad, and Bård Smedsrød. "Protocol for Isolation and Culture of Mouse Hepatocytes (HCs), Kupffer Cells (KCs), and Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells (LSECs) in Analyses of Hepatic Drug Distribution." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 385–402. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2010-6_27.

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AbstractDevelopment of the new generation of drugs (e.g., oligo- and polynucleotides administered intravascularly either as free compounds or as nano-formulations) frequently encounters major challenges such as lack of control of targeting and/or delivery. Uncontrolled or unwanted clearance by the liver is a well-known and particularly important hurdle in this respect. Hence, reliable techniques are needed to identify the type(s) of liver cells, receptors, and metabolic mechanisms that are responsible for unwanted clearance of these compounds.We describe here a method for the isolation and culture of the major cell types from mouseliver: hepatocytes (HCs), Kupffer cells (KCs), and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). The presently described protocol employs perfusion of the liver with a collagenase-based enzyme preparation to effectively transform the intact liver to a single cell suspension. From this initial cell suspension HCs are isolated by specified centrifugation schemes, yielding highly pure HC preparations, and KCs and LSECs are isolated by employing magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). The MACS protocol makes use of magnetic microbeads conjugated with specific antibodies that bind unique surface antigens on either KCs or LSECs. In this way the two cell types are specifically and separately pulled out of the initial liver cell suspension by applying a magnetic field, resulting in high purity, yield, and viability of the two cell types, allowing functional studies of the cells.If the drug compound in question is to be studied with respect to liver cell distribution of intravascularly administered drug compounds the isolated cells can be analyzed directly after isolation. Detailed studies of receptor-ligand interactions and/or dynamics of intracellular metabolism of the compound can be conducted in primary surface cultures of HCs, LSECs, and KCs established by seeding the isolated cells on specified growth substrates.

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Genzel, Yvonne, Jana Rödig, Erdmann Rapp, and Udo Reichl. "Vaccine Production: Upstream Processing with Adherent or Suspension Cell Lines." In Animal Cell Biotechnology, 371–93. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-733-4_23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cell suspension"

1

Liu, Jia, Yuhao Qiang, and E. Du. "Measurement of Electrical Properties of Sickle Cells From Electrical Impedance of Cell Suspension." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71734.

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Analysis of the electrical properties of a biological cell can provide useful information about its characteristic features, such as the intracellular composition, charge distribution and composition changes in cell membrane, as well as the extracellular environment. Electrical impedance spectroscopy of a cell suspension can be used to extract an average measure of the electrical properties of single cells. In sickle cell disease, the disease state of a sickle red blood cell is closely related to the intracellular hemoglobin composition and concentration. This study presents an electrical impedance measurement of sickle cell suspension with normal red blood cells as control. Electrical impedance spectra of cell suspensions are obtained in the range of 1000 Hz to 1MHz. Based on Maxwell’s mixture theory, average values of membrane capacitance and cytoplasm resistance of single cells are extracted for both normal and sickle blood samples. Comparing to traditional parallel-plate setup for cell suspension subjected to frequency sweep, this method requires low quantity of blood specimens and can be potentially valuable for patients that are already anemic.

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Szołna, Alicja A., and Bronisław Grzegorzewski. "Optical analysis of red blood cell suspension." In 16th Polish-Slovak-Czech Optical Conference on Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.822390.

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Yoshimori, Takashi, Masaki Fukagawa, and Hiroshi Takamatsu. "Effect of Cell-to-Surface Interaction on Freeze Tolerance and Osmotic Response of Cells." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192404.

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Cryopreservation of tissues and organs, including artificial organs, could be one of the important steps in the medical service that brings the progress in the tissue engineering to realization. In this case, high viability of cryopreserved cells is critical to recovery after transplantation. In contrast, in the cryosurgery, which is expected to expand its application as a minimally invasive treatment of cancer, malignant cells should be destructed completely to prevent from recurrence. The appropriate freeze-thaw protocol is therefore needed to be established for cryopreservation or cryosurgery depending on specific type of tissues and organs. Although it is determined empirically, the underlying mechanism of cell injury by freezing has been explored for a long time to give a scientific basis of the process. The experiments with a cell suspension showed that the cell injury during slow freezing to a relatively higher sub-zero temperature was attributed to the mechanical stress from the extracellular ice, while the effect of elevated concentration of solutes became more crucial to cell damage at lower temperatures [1]. However, there are some studies that indicates the difference in the freeze tolerance between cell suspensions and attached monolayers, some of which indicated higher susceptibility of monolayers to freezing than cell suspension [2] and the other suggested reverse [3,4]. The goal of our study is thus to validate the difference in freezing injury between isolated cells and tissues that are more important in aforementioned applications and clarify the mechanism. We used cells adhered to a surface as a first simple model of cells in tissues. The cells adhered on a surface at low number density were used to highlight the effect of cell-to-surface interaction without cell-to-cell interactions. In the present study we first demonstrate that the survival of cells adhered on a surface is lower than those in the suspension after a freeze-thaw manipulation. Then the osmotic response to concentration increase was examined to clarify if the extent of dehydration is different between these two types of cells. The cells were observed by a laser confocal scanning microscope that allows real-time 3-D observation.

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Yang, Yang, Rahul Mitchell Jairaj, Gaoyan Wang, Tzuen-Rong Tzeng, Xiangchun Xuan, Kama Huang, and Pingshan Wang. "Broadband Dielectric Properties Characterization of Biological Cells." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18508.

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A broadband characterization method for complex permittivity measurements of biological cells is presented. An algorithm for extracting permittivity of biological cells from the measured cell suspension scattering parameters is described. A coplanar wave guide (CPW) based device is fabricated and tested. DI water measurement results show good agreement with theoretical values. Yeast cell suspensions are characterized. Complex permittivity of yeast strains is extracted over the frequency range from 30 kHz to 30 GHz.

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Ishikawa, Takuji, T. J. Pedley, and Takami Yamaguchi. "Numerical Simulation of a Suspension of Swimming Micro-Organisms." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175256.

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The size of individual micro-organisms is often much smaller than that of the flow field of interest, in an oceanic plankton bloom for instance. In such cases, the suspension of micro-organisms is modelled as a continuum in which the variables are volume-averaged quantities. Continuum models for suspensions of swimming micro-organisms have been proposed for the analysis of phenomena such as bioconvection. However, the continuum models proposed so far are restricted to dilute suspensions, in which cell-cell interactions are negligible. If one wishes to analyze larger cell concentrations, it will be necessary to consider the interactions between micro-organisms. Then the particle stress tensor, the velocities of the micro-organisms and the diffusion tensor in the continuum model will need to be replaced by improved expressions. In this study, we compute the motion of interacting swimming model micro-organisms in periodic suspensions in a fluid otherwise at rest, and discuss the microstructure constructed by micro-organisms.

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Napolitano, Flávio, Robson Pederiva, and Jorge Nei Brito. "Load Cell Project to be Applied to Suspension Vehicles." In International Mobility Technology Conference and Exhibit. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-3277.

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Fairbanks, Andrew J., Anand Vadlamani, Tylor Whitmer, and Allen L. Garner. "Nanosecond electric pulse induced changes in cell suspension conductivity." In 2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena - (CEIDP). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ceidp.2015.7352103.

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Liu, Yaling, Jifu Tan, and Antony Thomas. "A Hybrid Particle-Cell Model for Nanoparticle Targeted Delivery in Microcirculation." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53033.

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Multifunctional nanomedicine holds considerable promise as the next generation of medicine that allows for targeted therapy with minimal toxicity. Most current theoretical studies considered nanoparticle (NP) suspensions in a Newtonian fluid without blood cells [1–3]. However, blood is a complex biological fluid composed of deformable cells, proteins, platelets, and plasma. For blood flow in capillary, arterioles and venules, the particulate nature of the blood need to be considered in the delivery process. Non-Newtonian effects such as the cell-free-layer and nanoparticle-cell interaction will largely influence both the dispersion and binding rates, thus impact targeted delivery efficacy. In this paper, a particle-cell hybrid model is developed to model NP transport, dispersion, and adhesion dynamics in blood suspension. The motion and deformation of red blood cell is captured through Immersed Finite Element method. The motions and adhesion of individual NPs are tracked through Brownian adhesion dynamics. A mapping and interaction potential function is introduced to consider the cell-particle collision. NP dispersion and binding coefficients are derived from the developed model under various rheology conditions. The influence of vascular flow rate, diameter, and particle size on NP distribution and delivery efficacy is characterized.

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Gheisari, Reza, and Parisa Mirbod. "Experimental Study of Non-Colloidal Mono and Polydisperse Suspension in Taylor-Couette Flow." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-21570.

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Monodisperse and polydisperse suspension flows form an extensive section of natural and technological flows. These flow structures can be categorized to sedimenting or neutrally buoyant suspensions considering the density ratio between particle phase to dispersion phase. Biological systems, food processing, ceramic injection, dynamic filtration and air conditioning are examples of areas that such flows arise. Various complicated interparticle interactions and their inevitable influence on and from the continuous phase result in some interesting phenomena which are challenging to justify. This research studies axial instabilities of suspension flow in a partially filled Taylor-Couette setup. Previous observations show that when a monodisperse suspension undergoes a rotational shear motion in a partially filled horizontal Couette cell, particles leave their initial uniform distribution and migrate to regions with lower shear rate. This migration helps formation of ring-shape axial concentrated bands. This study examines the noncolloidal neutrally buoyant suspensions of hard spherical particles with average diameters of 150, 360, 850 micron. Using UCON oil (poly ethylene glycol-ran-glycol) as suspending fluid, monodisperse and polydisperse suspensions in partially filled Stokesian Couette-Taylor flow were studied. The results show strong dependence of band number and profile on suspension concentration and filling level. Moreover interesting phenomena in polydisperse suspensions such as different band shape and weak dependence of band formation time on size of constituents were observed.

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Fairbanks, Andrew J., Adam M. Darr, Anand Vadlamani, and Allen L. Garner. "Measurement of Electric Modification of Cell Suspension Conductivity During Treatment." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2017.8496242.

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Reports on the topic "Cell suspension"

1

Mort, A. (The structure of pectins from cotton suspension culture cell walls). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7003410.

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Mort, A. J. The structure of pectins from cotton suspension culture cell walls. Progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10104452.

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Fleetwood, James D., Elliot Slamovich, Rodney Wayne Trice, Aaron Christopher Hall, and James F. McCloskey. Doped solid oxide fuel cell electrolytes produced via combination of suspension plasma spray and very low pressure plasma spray. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055901.

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Delmer, Deborah, Nicholas Carpita, and Abraham Marcus. Induced Plant Cell Wall Modifications: Use of Plant Cells with Altered Walls to Study Wall Structure, Growth and Potential for Genetic Modification. United States Department of Agriculture, May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613021.bard.

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Our previous work indicated that suspension-cultured plant cells show remarkable flexibility in altering cell wall structure in response either to growth on saline medium or in the presence of the cellulose synthesis inhibitor 2,-6-dichlorobenzonitrile (DCB). We have continued to analyze the structure of these modified cell walls to understand how the changes modify wall strength, porosity, and ability to expand. The major load-bearing network in the walls of DCB-adapted dicot cells that lack a substantial cellulose-xyloglucan network is comprised of Ca2+-bridged pectates; these cells also have an unusual and abundant soluble pectic fraction. By contrast, DCB-adapted barley, a graminaceous monocot achieves extra wall strength by enhanced cross-linking of its non-cellulosic polysaccharide network via phenolic residues. Our results have also shed new light on normal wall stucture: 1) the cellulose-xyloglucan network may be independent of other wall networks in dicot primary walls and accounts for about 70% of the total wall strength; 2) the pectic network in dicot walls is the primary determinant of wall porosity; 3) both wall strength and porosity in graminaceous monocot primary walls is greatly influenced by the degree of phenolic cross-linking between non-cellulosic polysaccharides; and 4) the fact that the monocot cells do not secrete excess glucuronoarabinoxylan and mixed-linked glucan in response to growth on DCB, suggests that these two non-cellulosic polymers do not normally interact with cellulose in a manner similar to xyloglucan. We also attempted to understand the factors which limit cell expansion during growth of cells in saline medium. Analyses of hydrolytic enzyme activities suggest that xyloglucan metabolism is not repressed during growth on NaCl. Unlike non-adapted cells, salt-adapted cells were found to lack pectin methyl esterase, but it is not clear how this difference could relate to alterations in wall expansibility. Salt-adaped cell walls contain reduced hyp and secrete two unique PRPP-related proteins suggesting that high NaCl inhibits the cross-linking of these proteins into the walls, a finding that might relate to their altered expansibility.

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Arnett, Clint, Justin Lange, Ashley Boyd, Martin Page, and Donald Cropek. Expression and secretion of active Moringa oleifera coagulant protein in Bacillus subtilis. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41546.

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Cationic polypeptide proteins found in the seeds of the tropical plant Moringa oleifera have coagulation efficiencies similar to aluminum and ferric sulfates without their recalcitrant nature. Although these proteins possess great potential to augment or replace traditional coagulants in water treatment, harvesting active protein from seeds is laborious and not cost-effective. Here, we describe an alternative method to express and secrete active M. oleifera coagulant protein (MO) in Bacillus subtilis. A plasmid library containing the MO gene and 173 different types of secretory signal peptides was created and cloned into B. subtilis strain RIK1285. Fourteen of 440 clones screened were capable of secreting MO with yields ranging from 55 to 122 mg/L of growth medium. The coagulant activity of the highest MO secreting clone was evaluated when grown on Luria broth, and cell-free medium from the culture was shown to reduce turbidity in a buffered kaolin suspension by approximately 90% compared with controls without the MO gene. The clone was also capable of secreting active MO when grown on a defined synthetic wastewater supplemented with 0.5% tryptone. Cell-free medium from the strain harboring the MO gene demonstrated more than a 2-fold reduction in turbidity compared with controls. Additionally, no significant amount of MO was observed without the addition of the synthetic wastewater, suggesting that it served as a source of nutrients for the effective expression and translocation of MO into the medium.

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Prusky, Dov, Noel T. Keen, and Stanley Freeman. Elicitation of Preformed Antifungal Compounds by Non-Pathogenic Fungus Mutants and their Use for the Prevention of Postharvest Decay in Avocado Fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7570573.bard.

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C. gloeosporioides attacks unripe avocado fruits in the orchard. Germinated spores produce appressoria that germinate and breach the cuticle, but the resultant subcuticular hyphae become quiescent and do not develop further until fruit is harvested and ripens. Resistance of unripe avocado to attach by C. gloeosporioides is correlated with the presence of fungitoxic concentrations of the preformed antifungal compound, 1-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxoheneicosa-12, 15 diene in the pericarp of unripe fruits. The objective of this proposal was to study the signal transduction process by which elicitors induce resistance in avocado. It was found that abiotic elicitors, infection of avocado fruit with C. gloeosporioides or treatment of avocado cell suspension with cell-wall elicitor induced a significant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ripe and unripe fruit tissue differ with regard to the ROS production. The unripe, resistant fruit are physiologically able to react and to produce high levels of ROS and increased activity of H+ATPase that can enhance the phenylpropanoid pathway ad regulate the levels of the antifungal compound-diene, inhibit fungal development, resulting in its quiescence. Interestingly, it was also found that growth regulators like cytokinin could do activation of the mechanism of resistance. Postharvest treatments of cytokinins strongly activated the phenylpropanoid pathway and induce resistance. We have developed non-pathogenic strains of C. gloeosporioides by Random Enzyme Mediated Integration and selected a hygromycin resistance, non-pathogenic strain Cg-142 out of 3500 transformants. This non-pathogenic isolate activates H+ATPase and induces resistance against Colletotrichum attack. As a basis for studying the importance of PL in pathogenicity, we have carried out heterologous expression of pel from C. gloeosporioides in the non-pathogenic C. magna and determine the significant increase in pathogenicity of the non-pathogenic strain. Based on these results we can state that pectate lyase is an important pathogenicity factor of C. gloeosporioides and found that fungal pathogenicity is affected not by pel but by PL secretion. Our results suggest that PH regulates the secretion of pectate lyase, and support its importance as a pathogenicity factor during the attack of avocado fruit by C. gloeosporioides . This implicates that if these findings are of universal importance in fungi, control of disease development could be done by regulation of secretion of pathogenicity factors.

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Levy, Avraham A., and Virginia Walbot. Regulation of Transposable Element Activities during Plant Development. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1992.7568091.bard.

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We have studied the regulation of the maize Ac and MuDR transposable elements activities during plant development. Ac was studied in an heterologous system (transgenic tobacco plants and cell suspensions) while MuDR was studied in the native maize background. The focus of this study was on the transcriptional regulation of Ac and MuDR. For Ac, the major achievements were to show that 1-It is autoregulated in a way that the Ac-encoded transposase can repress the activity of its own promoter; 2-It is expressed at low basal level in all the plant organs that were studied, and its activity is stronger in dividing tissues -- a behaviour reminiscent of housekeeping genes; 3- the activity of Ac promoter is cell cycle regulated -- induced at early S-phase and increasing until mitosis; 4- host factor binding sites were identified at both extremities of Ac and may be important for transposition. For MuDR, It was shown that it encodes two genes, mudrA and mudrB, convergently transcribed from near-identical promoters in the terminal inverted repeats. Distinct 5' start sites, alternative splicing, production of antisense RNA and tissue specificity were all shown to be involved in the regulation of MuDR.

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Mawassi, Munir, Adib Rowhani, Deborah A. Golino, Avichai Perl, and Edna Tanne. Rugose Wood Disease of Grapevine, Etiology and Virus Resistance in Transgenic Vines. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586477.bard.

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Rugose wood is a complex disease of grapevines, which occurs in all growing areas. The disease is spread in the field by vector transmission (mealybugs). At least five elongated-phloem- limited viruses are implicated in the various rugose wood disorders. The most fully characterized of these are Grapevine virus A (GV A) and GVB, members of a newly established genus, the vitivirus. GVC, a putative vitivirus, is much less well characterized than GV A or GVB. The information regarding the role of GVC in the etiology and epidemiology of rugose wood is fragmentary and no sequence data for GVC are available. The proposed research is aimed to study the etiology and epidemiology of rugose wood disease, and to construct genetically engineered virus-resistant grapevines. The objectives of our proposed research were to construct transgenic plants with coat protein gene sequences designed to induce post-transcriptional gene silencing (pTGS); to study the epidemiology and etiology of rugose wood disease by cloning and sequencing of GVC; and surveying of rugose wood- associated viruses in Californian and Israeli vineyards. In an attempt to experimentally define the role of the various genes of GV A, we utilized the infectious clone, inserted mutations in every ORF, and studied the effect on viral replication, gene expression, symptoms and viral movement. We explored the production of viral RNAs in a GV A-infected Nicotiana benthamiana herbaceous host, and characterized one nested set of three 5'-terminal sgRNAs of 5.1, 5.5 and 6.0 kb, and another, of three 3'-terminal sgRNAs of 2.2, 1.8 and 1.0 kb that could serve for expression of ORFs 2-3, respectively. Several GV A constructs have been assembled into pCAMBIA 230 I, a binary vector which is used for Angrobacterium mediated transformation: GV A CP gene; two copies of the GV A CP gene arranged in the same antisense orientation; two copies of the GV A CP gene in which the downstream copy is in an antigens orientation; GV A replicase gene; GV A replicase gene plus the 3' UTR sequence; and the full genome of GV A. Experiments for transformation of N. benthamiana and grapevine cell suspension with these constructs have been initiated. Transgenic N. benthamiana plants that contained the CP gene, the replicase gene and the entire genome of GV A were obtained. For grapevine transformation, we have developed efficient protocols for transformation and successfully grapevine plantlets that contained the CP gene and the replicase genes of GV A were obtained. These plants are still under examination for expression of the trans genes. The construction of transgenic plants with GV A sequences will provide, in the long run, a means to control one of the most prevalent viruses associated with grapevines. Our many attempts to produce a cDNA library from the genome of GVC failed. For surveying of rugose wood associated viruses in California vineyards, samples were collected from different grape growing areas and tested by RT-PCR for GV A, GVB and GVD. The results indicated that some of the samples were infected with multiple viruses, but overall, we found higher incidence of GVB and GV A infection in California vineyards and new introduction varieties, respectively. In this research we also conducted studies to increase our understanding of virus - induced rootstock decline and its importance in vineyard productivity. Our results provided supporting evidence that the rootstock response to virus infection depends on the rootstock genotype and the virus type. In general, rootstocks are differ widely in virus susceptibility. Our data indicated that a virus type or its combination with other viruses was responsible in virus-induced rootstock decline. As the results showed, the growth of the rootstocks were severely affected when the combination of more than one virus was present.

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9

The structure of pectins from cotton suspension culture cell walls, Final report, 4/1/93-3/31/96. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/486590.

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