Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cell-PCA'
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Lee, Montiel Felipe Tadeo. "A Biosensor Approach for the Detection of Active Virus Using FTIR Spectroscopy and Cell Culture." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204913.
Full textHajj, Sleiman Nawal. "Approche par nanobody pour capturer les interactomes de complexes protéiques dimériques en contexte cellulaire vivant." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENSL0041.
Full textCell fate and fitness depend on the protein content, and in particular on the interaction networks (also called interactomes) connecting the different proteins. Proteins have the general property to engage in diverse and occasionally overlapping macromolecular assemblies, each serving distinct purposes. Therefore, identifying protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and linking them to complexes is a crucial yet challenging issue in biology. This issue was at the core of my PhD work. The first part of my work was dedicated to the improvement of an existing method for capturing novel PPIs in the context of defined biological functions. This work was established with ERK1, which is a key downstream regulator of several signaling pathways involved in many different cancers. The new tools were tested in the context of two different inhibitory molecules to capture drug-sensitive interactions of ERK1 in human HEK293T cells. One such interaction was confirmed at the functional and molecular levels, by using an original imaging strategy to access the PPI dynamics in live cells. The second part of my PhD work was dedicated to the establishment of a pioneer methodology to capture endogenous PPIs established by a specific dimeric protein complex in human live cells. This methodology couples Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) and proximity biotin labelling technologies. More specifically, it is based on a GFP-nanobody directed toward the BiFC complex and fused to the TurboID biotin ligase. Tools were established to map TAZ/14-3-3 and TAZ/TEAD complexes interactome, which translate the activity of the Hippo signaling pathway in the cytoplasm and nucleus, respectively. Our approach allowed capturing specific interactomes of the two dimeric protein complexes and identifying a novel key regulator of TAZ/14-3-3 complexes in a cancer cell context. Collectively, my PhD work introduced two complementary methodologies for deciphering PPI networks in the context of specific biological functions or in the context of a specific protein complex in human live cells. These approaches provide a novel dimension for understanding protein functions and the underlying interactomes in normal or pathological cell contexts
Watanabe, Miki. "Development of DNA aptamer as a HMGA inhibitor for cancer therapy and NMR-based metabonomics studies in human/mouse cell lines." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1322753081.
Full textHolm, Lotta. "The MHC-glycopeptide-T cell interaction in collagen induced arthritis : a study using glycopeptides, isosteres and statistical molecular design in a mouse model for rheumatoid arthritis." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-899.
Full textMeignie, Alice. "Analyse protéomique des interactions de la protéine C du virus de la rougeole avec l'hôte dans un contexte infectieux." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7094.
Full textViruses manipulate central machineries of host cells to their advantage. They prevent host cell antiviral responses in order to create a favorable environment for their survival and propagation. Measles virus (MV) encodes two non-structural proteins MV-V and MV-C, proposed to counteract the host interferon response and to regulate cell death pathways in various functional assays. Several molecular mechanisms underlining MV-V regulation of innate immunity and cell death responses have been proposed, whereas MV-C host protein partners are less studied. We suggest that some cellular factors that are controlled by MV-C protein during viral replication could be components of innate immunity and the cell death pathways. In order to determine which host factors are targeted by MV-C, we captured both direct and indirect host protein partners of MV-C protein. For this we used a strategy based on recombinant viruses expressing tagged viral proteins followed by affinity purification and a bottom-up mass spectrometry analysis. A list of host proteins specifically interacting with MV-C protein in different cell lines was identified. Then we have selected proteins that belong to immunity and cell death biological pathways. Direct protein partners of MV-C were determined by applying protein complementation assay (PCA) and the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) approach. As a result, we found that MV-C protein specifically interacts p65/iASPP/p53 protein complex that controls both death and innate immunity pathways
Magidi, James Takawira. "Spatio-temporal dynamics in land use and habit fragmentation in Sandveld, South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7886_1297841126.
Full textThis research assessed landuse changes and trends in vegetation cover in the Sandveld, using remote sensing images. Landsat TM satellite images of 1990, 2004 and 2007 were classified using the maximum likelihood classifier into seven landuse classes, namely water, agriculture, fire patches, natural vegetation, wetlands, disturbed veld, and open sands. Change detection using remote sensing algorithms and landscape metrics was performed on these multi-temporal landuse maps using the Land Change Modeller and Patch Analyst respectively. Markov stochastic modelling techniques were used to predict future scenarios in landuse change based on the classified images and their transitional probabilities. MODIS NDVI multi-temporal datasets with a 16day temporal resolution were used to assess seasonal and annual trends in vegetation cover using time series analysis (PCA and time profiling).Results indicated that natural vegetation decreased from 46% to 31% of the total landscape between 1990 and 2007 and these biodiversity losses were attributed to an increasing agriculture footprint. Predicted future scenario based on transitional probabilities revealed a continual loss in natural habitat and increase in the agricultural footprint. Time series analysis results (principal components and temporal profiles) suggested that the landscape has a high degree of overall dynamic change with pronounced inter and intra-annual changes and there was an overall increase in greenness associated with increase in agricultural activity. The study concluded that without future conservation interventions natural habitats would continue to disappear, a condition that will impact heavily on biodiversity and significant waterdependent ecosystems such as wetlands. This has significant implications for the long-term provision of water from ground water reserves and for the overall sustainability of current agricultural practices.
Pow, Andrew James. "Protein complementation assay as a display system for screening protein libraries in the intracellular environment." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/30392/1/Andrew_Pow_Thesis.pdf.
Full textPow, Andrew James. "Protein complementation assay as a display system for screening protein libraries in the intracellular environment." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/30392/.
Full textAndersson, David. "Multivariate design of molecular docking experiments : An investigation of protein-ligand interactions." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-35736.
Full textBUSA', ROBERTA. "Role of the RNA-binding protein Sam68 in prostate cancer cell survival and proliferation." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/908.
Full textProstate carcinoma (PCa) is one of the main causes of death in the western male population. Although initially controlled by anti-androgenic therapies, PCa often evolves to become androgen-insensitive and highly metastatic. A predominant role in the development of androgen-refractoriness is played by the upregulation of signal transduction pathways that allow prostate cancer cells to autonomously produce their own requirements of growth factors and nutrients (Grossmann et al., 2001). The tyrosine kinase Src is frequently activated in advanced human prostate carcinomas and in our laboratory we have observed that its activation correlates with tyrosine phosphorylation of the RNA-binding protein Sam68 (Paronetto et al., 2004), belonging to the STAR family (Signal transduction and RNA metabolism) and involved in RNA metabolism. In the first part of this PhD Thesis, we have investigated the expression and function of Sam68 in human prostate cancer cells. We observed that Sam68 is up-regulated both at protein and mRNA levels in patients affected by PCa. Moreover, it was observed that down-regulation of Sam68 by RNAi in LNCaP prostate cancer cells delayed cell cycle progression, reduced the proliferation rate and sensitized cells to apoptosis induced by DNA-damaging agents. Microarray analyses revealed that a subset of genes involved in proliferation and apoptosis were altered when Sam68 was knocked down in LNCaP cells. Finally, stable cell lines expressing a truncated GFP-Sam68GSG protein, that interacts with endogenous Sam68 affecting its activity, displayed reduced growth rates and higher sensitivity to cisplatin-induced apoptosis, resembling down-regulation of Sam68 by RNAi. Together, these results indicate that Sam68 expression supports prostate cancer cells proliferation and survival to cytotoxic agents (Busà et al., 2007). Stemming from this evidence, we then aimed to investigate the role played by Sam68 in the response to genotoxic drugs such as mitoxantrone (MTX), a topoisomerase II inhibitor.We observed that MTX caused a subcellular re-localization of Sam68 from nucleoplasm to nuclear granules. Co-staining experiments indicated that Sam68-positive nuclear granules are sites of accumulation of several RNA-binding proteins involved in alternative splicing, such as SR proteins like SC35 and ASF/SF2, and TIA-1 and hnRNP A1, involved in cellular stress responses to various stimuli (Guil et al., 2006). Sam68 also accumulated in cytoplasmic granules that were also co-stained with hnRNP A1 and TIA-1, suggesting that these structures are the well described cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs). These data strongly suggest that Sam68 is part of a RNA-mediated stress response of the cell. Thus, we have begun to investigate whether changes in subcellular localization of Sam68 induced by genotoxic drugs affect alternative splicing of Sam68 target mRNAs, such as CD44 (Matter et al., 2002). Preliminary experiments have shown that MTX treatment in PC3 cells induces changes in alternative splicing of CD44 pre-mRNA. In particular, inclusion of variable exons v5 and v6, known to be regulated by Sam68 (Matter et al., 2002; Cheng and Sharp, 2006), was stimulated. We are current extending these studies to determine whether downregulation of Sam68 by RNAi affects these modifications of CD44 alternative splicing caused by MTX Since Sam68 is known to link signal transduction pathways to RNA metabolism (Lukong and Richard, 2003), we asked whether changes in Sam68 subcellular localization induced by MTX are determined by activation of specific signal transduction pathways. Our data show that although MTX triggers activation of DNA damage pathway, through ATM kinase, and stress-induced MAPKs p38 and JNK1/2 pathways, specific inhibition of these pathways did not affect the subcellular relocalization of Sam68. Thus, it is possible that direct changes in the chromatin structure or function trigger the observed accumulation of Sam68 and splicing factors in nuclear granules. Finally, a set of observations performed during our studies implicate Sam68 in nucleolar functions. In a co-immunoprecipitation experiment aimed at the identification of Sam68-interacting proteins in LNCaP cells we found Nucleolin, a nucleolar protein involved in rRNA metabolism (Rickards et al., 2007). This interaction has been confirmed and mapped to the carboxyterminal region of Sam68 by in vitro studies. Moreover, a RNA-protein co-immunoprecipitation experiment revealed that Sam68 binds 18S rRNA These observations lead us to investigate whether Sam68 plays a role in rRNA metabolism. First, we observed by FISH analysis, and then confermed by real time PCR, that downregulation of Sam68 caused a significant increase in the levels of pre-rRNA compared with control siRNA treated cells. Moreover, ChIP assays aimed at determining the site of the association of Sam68 with rDNA in PC3 cells revealed that Sam68 binds the 18S rRNA coding region. Thus, the results presented herein strongly suggest a novel role of Sam68 in the regulation of pre-rRNA maturation. Our current studies are aimed at investigating this hypothesis further. References: Busà R, Paronetto MP, Farini D, Pierantozzi E, Botti F, Angelini DF, Attisani F, Vespasiani G, Sette C., Oncogene 2007 26(30):4372-82. Cheng C, Sharp PA. (2006). Regulation of CD44 alternative splicing by SRm160 and its potential role in tumor cell invasion. Mol Cell Biol. 26(1):362-70. Grossmann ME, Tindall DJ (2001). Androgen receptor signaling in androgen-refractory prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 93:1687-97; Guil S, Long JC, Cáceres JF. (2006). hnRNP A1 relocalization to the stress granules reflects a role in the stress response. Mol Cell Biol. 26(15):5744-58. Lukong KE, Richard S (2003). Sam68, the KH domain-containing superSTAR. Bioch. Biophys. Acta 1653: 73-86. Matter N, Herrlich P, Konig H (2002). Signal-dependent regulation of splicing via phosphorylation of Sam68. Nature 420:691-695. Paronetto MP, Farini D, Sammarco I, Maturo G, Vespasiani G, Geremia R et al (2004). Expression of a truncated form of the c-Kit tyrosine kinase receptor and activation of Src kinase in human prostatic cancer. Am. J. Path. 164:1243-1251; Rickards B, Flint SJ, Cole MD, LeRoy G. (2007). Nucleolin is required for RNA polymerase I transcription in vivo. Mol Cell Biol. 27(3):937-48.
Germaini, Marie-Michèle. "Elaboration de céramiques phosphocalciques pour l'ingénierie tissulaire osseuse : étude de l’influence des propriétés physico-chimiques des matériaux sur le comportement biologique in vitro." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0003/document.
Full textThis transdisciplinary thesis, carried out in collaboration with the SPCTS laboratory (sciences of ceramic processes and surface treatment) and EA 3842 (Cellular homoeostasis and pathologies) of the University of Limoges, is a research project at the interface between biology and chemistry and was devoted to the study of the influence of the physico-chemical properties of calcium phosphate bioceramics on their biological behavior in vitro.The exploration of the processes of interaction between materials and cells remains a major scientific issue, both from a fundamental and applied point of view for the development of highperformance biomaterials. The ultimate objective is to optimize the therapeutic efficiency of phosphocalcic ceramics as substitute materials for bone regeneration.The first part of the thesis is a general bibliographic review presenting the current issues tackled with the clinical needs and limitations of current studies. Knowledge of the biology of healthy bone tissue as well as the regulatory aspects of the bone remodeling process was also discussed in this chapter. It includes also a bibliographic overview of biomaterials and bone regeneration.Chapter 2 relates to the synthesis and the physico-chemical characterization of ceramic materials. HA (hydroxyapatite: Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2, SiHA (silicated hydroxyapatite: Ca10 (PO4) 5.6 (SiO4) 0.42 (OH) 1.6 and CHA (carbonated hydroxyapatite: Ca9.5 (PO4) 5.5 (CO3) 0.48 (OH) 1.08 (CO3) 0.23, ceramics each with two different microstructures : dense or porous, have been elaborated and thoroughly characterized (porosity, surface topography, wettability, zeta potential, grain size, pore size and distribution, specific surface area). Chapter 3 describes the experimental approach used for the biological evaluation of the interactions between materials and cells. Biological analyzes were performed with two different cell lines. The pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell line and the RAW 264.7cell line of monocytes / macrophages, precursors of the steoclasts, (very important for the bone aspects, but less often explored than the osteoblastic lines in the literature). Finally, Chapter 4 reports and comments on the biological results obtained in this work. All biomaterials evaluated are biocompatible, nevertheless, the porous CHA biomaterial was the most promising of the six variants of biomaterials tested
Tai-YehWu and 吳岱燁. "Interference Reduction by PCA and Resource Allocation for the Downlink of Multi-Cell MU-MIMO OFDM Systems." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9b48qh.
Full text國立成功大學
電腦與通信工程研究所
102
In this thesis, a novel resource allocation algorithm is presented for the downlinks of multi-cell multiuser-multiple-input-multiple-output (MU-MIMO) OFDM systems. The proposed scheme raises the overall received power by proper subcarrier allocation and reduces co-channel interference (CCI) among users by robust precoding and aims to support more users with quality of service (QoS) requirements. The proposed algorithm employs the concept of principle component analysis (PCA) in the precoding design. Based on PCA, the dimension of the vector space of the mutual interference channel metrics among neighboring cells can be reduced to meet the dimension constraint imposed by the precoding design. Consequently, the interference reduction effect can be preserved well. Finally, with more CSI (channel state information) information sharing, the proposed algorithm also provides a way to further compensate the users, who do not get enough resource originally, to be satisfied with the requirement of QoS.
Vávrová, Kateřina. "Adoptivní transfer tumor-specifických lymfocytů v imunoterapii nádorových onemocnění." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-435278.
Full textBoring, Michael. "Classification of Genotype and Age by Spatial Aspects of RPE Cell Morphology." 2014. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/math_theses/138.
Full textRiaz, Muhammad. "Characterization of Corn Fibres for Manufacturing Automotive Plastic Parts." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/5207.
Full textOntario BioCar Initiative Project funded by Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, The Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA) and Ontario Public Sector