Academic literature on the topic 'Cell cycling performance simulation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cell cycling performance simulation"
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Beltran, Diana, Yachao Zeng, Gang Wu, Xianglin Li, and Shawn Litster. "Degradation Acceleration-Factor Analysis for Platinum Group Metal (PGM)-Free Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Cathodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 42 (October 9, 2022): 1602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02421602mtgabs.
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This work explores designs and methods that can mitigate degradation and can be used to expand models to predict PGM-free fuel cell degradation due to voltage cycling during accelerated stress tests (AST) and constant potential holds, specifically current density loss over time. The motivation behind investigating degradation mechanisms is that most of the recent advances have mostly focused on enhancing initial electrocatalytic activity, and not on catalyst stability. Advancements in catalyst stability are less substantial and are well below the level for commercialization. The objective is to determine the impact of the operating point on degradation rate in membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) and to perform time-efficient evaluation of degradation acceleration factors on a single MEA. The preliminary AST cycling results show that reducing temperature and upper potential cycling limit considerably reduces degradation rates. This work can help identify operating points that optimize between performance and durability using empirical data. Ultimately, the correlations extracted from this work can be applied into drive-cycle models for PGM-free catalysts for simulation-based lifetime performance forecasting. This work was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under grant DE-0008440 (Prime: University of Kansas).
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Cho, Kyusang, Chandran Balamurugan, Hana Im, and Hyeong-Jin Kim. "Ceramic-Coated Separator to Enhance Cycling Performance of Lithium-ion Batteries at High Current Density." Korean Journal of Metals and Materials 59, no. 11 (November 5, 2021): 813–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3365/kjmm.2021.59.11.813.
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Given the global demand for green energy, the battery industry is positioned to be an important future technology. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which are the most widely used battery in the market, are the focus of various research and development efforts, from materials to systems, that seek to improve their performance. The separator is one of the core materials in LIBs and is a significant factor in the lifespan of high-performance batteries. To improve the performance of present LIBs, electrochemical testing and related surface analyses of the separator is essential. In this paper, we prepared a ceramic (Boehmite, γ-AlOOH) coated polypropylene separator and a porous polyimide separator to compare their electrochemical properties with a commercialized polypropylene (PP) separator. The prepared separators were assembled into nickelmanganese-cobalt (NMC) cathode half-cell and full-cell lithium-ion batteries. Their cycling performances were evaluated using differential capacity and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with ethylene carbonate:dimethylcarbonate (EC:DMC) electrolyte. The ceramic coated polypropylene separator exhibited the best cycle performance at a high 5 C rate, with high ionic conductivity and less resistive solid electrolyte interphase. Also, it was confirmed that a separator solid electrolyte interface (SSEI) layer formed on the separator with cycle repetition, and it was also confirmed that this phenomenon determined the cycle life of the battery depending on the electrolyte.
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Sosa, Jordan D., and Michael Aziz. "Title: Static Cell and Porous Electrode Model for Cycling Behavior of Aqueous Organic Redox Active Materials." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 64 (October 9, 2022): 2340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02642340mtgabs.
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Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries (AORBs) have shown growing potential as a stationary energy storage technology for regulating intermittent renewable sources. For long charge/discharge duration systems, the capital cost of a redox flow battery asymptotically approaches the cost of the electroactive material.[i] Therefore, for commercialization of this technology, proper evaluation of the redox active electrolytes is needed. The capacity retention over time and over cycling is one of the most vital criteria for evaluation. For very stable electrolytes with fade rates less than about 10% per year, disentangling cycle-denominated and time-denominated fade can be very difficult for flow batteries due to longer cycle time and noise due to pumping and splashing. Thus, we have used a sealed, static, non-flow cell to achieve capacity measurements with greater cycling frequency and reduced noise, as shown in Figure 1. To isolate decomposition from crossover through the membrane or apparent capacity fade due to changes in the resistance of the cell, we use volumetrically unbalanced, compositionally symmetric cells with potentiostatic cycling.[iii] For proper capacity fade rate evaluation, material properties of the electrode and electrolyte should be considered when setting up cycling protocols because the amount of accessed charge depends on these properties. Thus, simulations from porous electrode models that consider these material properties can inform appropriate cycling conditions. Using Newman’s porous electrode theory[iv] to model our static cell, we have simulated the spatial distribution of ions and potentials over time in response to time-varying applied potentials. From the transient behavior, we simulated the potentiostatic cycling of these cells. The simulations show how the physics inside porous electrodes and cycling performance depend on material properties. For example, the diffusivities can affect the spatial distributions of ions across a porous electrode, as shown in Figure 2 (left), as well as the minimum acceptable time for cycling and the accessed capacity for given cycling parameters, as shown in Figure 2 (right). Using the same porous electrode model for simulations, we aim to show differences between apparent and real capacity fade. [i] F. R. Brushett, M. J. Aziz, and K. E. Rodby. ACS Energy Lett. 2020, 5, 879−884 [ii] D. G. Kwabi, Y. Ji, and M. J. Aziz. C hem. Rev. 2020, 120, 14, 6467–6489 [iii] M.A. Goulet and M. J. Aziz, “Flow Battery Molecular Reactant Stability Determined by Symmetric Cell Cycling Methods”. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 165 (7) A1466-A1477 (2018) [iv] J. Newman and C. W. Tobias, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1962, 109, 1183 Figure 1
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Neyhouse, Bertrand J., Jonathan Lee, and Fikile R. Brushett. "Predicting Cell Cycling Performance in Redox Flow Batteries Using Reduced-Order Analytical Models." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 3 (July 7, 2022): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-013474mtgabs.
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Achieving decarbonization across multiple sectors (e.g., electricity generation, transportation, manufacturing) requires widespread adoption of renewable energy technologies, which demand energy storage solutions to enable sustainable, reliable, and resilient power delivery.1 To this end, redox flow batteries (RFBs) are a promising grid-scale energy storage platform, owing to their improved scalability, simplified manufacturing, and long service life.2 However, state-of-the-art RFBs remain too expensive for broad adoption, motivating the development of novel electrolyte formulations and reactor designs to meet performance, cost, and scale targets for emerging applications.3 While many recently-reported next-generation materials offer short-term performance improvements and the potential for cost reductions when produced at-scale, they often complicate system operation over extended durations due to a multitude of interrelated parasitic processes (e.g., side reactions, crossover, species decomposition) which lead to capacity fade and efficiency losses.3,4 Such processes challenge the establishment of quantitative and unambiguous connections between individual component properties and overall cell behavior. Here, we aim to develop mathematical models that translate fundamental material properties to cell performance metrics, enabling more informed design criteria for system engineering. In this presentation, we introduce an analytically-derived, zero-dimensional modeling framework to predict cell cycling behavior in RFBs. While previously-developed zero- and one-dimensional models demonstrate accurate performance predictions when compared to experimental systems, they must solve coupled differential equations using numerical methods.5,6 As a result, these approaches become computationally expensive for multi-cycle simulations (i.e., 10s – 100s of cycles), frustrating their implementation in system design and optimization. By deriving analytical solutions to these models, we can markedly reduce computation times and enable analyses hitherto unachievable. To demonstrate the utility of this modeling framework, we explore several representative scenarios that examine the connection between RFB material properties, operating conditions, and performance (i.e., power output, accessible capacity, efficiency). Additionally, we investigate the impact of different parasitic processes on capacity fade, highlighting the effects of species decomposition and crossover in durational cell cycling. Finally, we discuss several modalities for expanding this framework to include additional sources of performance losses and for integrating these models into larger computational schemes (e.g., optimization, parameter estimation, techno-economic assessments). The mathematical models developed in this work have potential to advance foundational understanding in RFB design, leading to quantitatively informed selection criteria for emerging candidate materials. Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, an Energy Innovation Hub funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences. B.J.N gratefully acknowledges the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant Number 1122374. J.L gratefully acknowledges support from the MIT Materials Research Laboratory REU Program, as part of the MRSEC Program of the NSF under grant number DMR-14-19807. Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. References S. Chu and A. Majumdar, Nature, 488, 294–303 (2012). M. L. Perry and A. Z. Weber, J. Electrochem. Soc., 163, A5064–A5067 (2016). F. R. Brushett, M. J. Aziz, and K. E. Rodby, ACS Energy Lett., 5, 879–884 (2020). M. L. Perry, J. D. Saraidaridis, and R. M. Darling, Current Opinion in Electrochemistry, 21, 311–318 (2020). M. Pugach, M. Kondratenko, S. Briola, and A. Bischi, Applied Energy, 226, 560–569 (2018). S. Modak and D. G. Kwabi, J. Electrochem. Soc., 168, 080528 (2021).
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Mayur, Manik, Mathias Gerard, Pascal Schott, and Wolfgang Bessler. "Lifetime Prediction of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell under Automotive Load Cycling Using a Physically-Based Catalyst Degradation Model." Energies 11, no. 8 (August 8, 2018): 2054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11082054.
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One of the bottlenecks hindering the usage of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell technology in automotive applications is the highly load-sensitive degradation of the cell components. The cell failure cases reported in the literature show localized cell component degradation, mainly caused by flow-field dependent non-uniform distribution of reactants. The existing methodologies for diagnostics of localized cell failure are either invasive or require sophisticated and expensive apparatus. In this study, with the help of a multiscale simulation framework, a single polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) model is exposed to a standardized drive cycle provided by a system model of a fuel cell car. A 2D multiphysics model of the PEMFC is used to investigate catalyst degradation due to spatio-temporal variations in the fuel cell state variables under the highly transient load cycles. A three-step (extraction, oxidation, and dissolution) model of platinum loss in the cathode catalyst layer is used to investigate the cell performance degradation due to the consequent reduction in the electro-chemical active surface area (ECSA). By using a time-upscaling methodology, we present a comparative prediction of cell end-of-life (EOL) under different driving behavior of New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC).
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Kim, Sang Cheol, and Yi Cui. "Probing Solvation Thermodynamics of Lithium Battery Electrolytes through Potentiometric Methods." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 2 (October 9, 2022): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-022164mtgabs.
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The electrolyte is a principal component of a lithium battery that impacts almost every facet of the battery’s performance. Solvation of lithium ions in electrolyte solution is key to understanding the electrolyte, but our understanding of solvation lags behind its significance. Particularly, estimating solvation free energy has been largely limited to computational simulations. Despite their versatility, simulations can be computationally expensive, and experimental methods to complement simulations are desired. We have recently introduced a potentiometric technique to probe the relative solvation free energy of lithium ions in battery electrolytes. We devised an electrochemical cell composed of two half-cells, with symmetric electrodes but asymmetric electrolytes. Whereas the open circuit potential of a conventional lithium-ion battery measures the free energy differences of lithium ions in the two electrodes, our experimental setup measures the energy differences of the lithium ions in two different electrolytes. By measuring the cell potential with a reference electrolyte, we can quantitatively characterize lithium ion solvation energy of an electrolyte of interest. The effects of concentration, anion and solvent on solvation energy are explored and verified with simulations. Particularly, we establish a correlation between cell potential (Ecell) and cyclability of high-performance electrolytes for lithium metal anodes. We find that solvents with more negative cell potentials and positive solvation energies—those weakly binding to Li+—lead to improved cycling stability. Weaker solvents are conjectured to have more anion-rich solvation structures that lead to anion-derived solid-electrolyte interphases, a hypothesis supported by cryogenic electron microscopy. It reveals that weaker solvation is correlated to an inorganic anion-derived solid-electrolyte interphase that stabilizes cycling.
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Milanovic, Milos, and Verica Radisavljevic-Gajic. "Multi-Timescale-Based Partial Optimal Control of a Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell." Energies 13, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010166.
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This paper presents a Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) transient model in stack current cycling conditions and its partial optimal control. The derived model is used for a specific application of the recently published multistage control technique developed by the authors. The presented control-oriented transient PEMFC model is an extension of the steady-state control-oriented model previously established by the authors. The new model is experimentally validated for transient operating conditions on the Greenlight Innovation G60 testing station where the comparison of the experimental and simulation results is presented. The derived five-state nonlinear control-oriented model is linearized, and three clusters of eigenvalues can be clearly identified. This specific feature of the linearized model is known as the three timescale system. A novel multistage optimal control technique is particularly suitable for this class of systems. It is shown that this control technique enables the designer to construct a local LQR, pole-placement or any other linear controller type at the subsystem level completely independently, which further optimizes the performance of the whole non-decoupled system.
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Spitthoff, Lena, Paul R. Shearing, and Odne Stokke Burheim. "Temperature, Ageing and Thermal Management of Lithium-Ion Batteries." Energies 14, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051248.
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Heat generation and therefore thermal transport plays a critical role in ensuring performance, ageing and safety for lithium-ion batteries (LIB). Increased battery temperature is the most important ageing accelerator. Understanding and managing temperature and ageing for batteries in operation is thus a multiscale challenge, ranging from the micro/nanoscale within the single material layers to large, integrated LIB packs. This paper includes an extended literature survey of experimental studies on commercial cells investigating the capacity and performance degradation of LIB. It compares the degradation behavior in terms of the influence of operating conditions for different chemistries and cell sizes. A simple thermal model for linking some of these parameters together is presented as well. While the temperature appears to have a large impact on ageing acceleration above room temperature during cycling for all studied cells, the effect of SOC and C rate appear to be rather cell dependent.Through the application of new simulations, it is shown that during cell testing, the actual cell temperature can deviate severely from the reported temperature depending on the thermal management during testing and C rate. It is shown, that the battery lifetime reduction at high C rates can be for large parts due to an increase in temperature especially for high energy cells and poor cooling during cycling studies. Measuring and reporting the actual battery (surface) temperature allow for a proper interpretation of results and transferring results from laboratory experiments to real applications.
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Mehta, Rohit, and Amit Gupta. "(Digital Presentation) Simulating Coupled Effect of Heat Generation and Capacity Degradation on Performance of Lithium-Ion Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (July 7, 2022): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012367mtgabs.
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Lithium-ion batteries are gaining significant interest as energy storage devices in high power demand applications like power grids and EVs as the world seeks to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. High energy and power densities, high coulombic efficiency and low self-discharge of lithium-ion batteries make them a preferred choice in such applications. When a cell is cycled, various degradation processes occur, leading to a reduction in cell capacity over time. Among the various ageing mechanisms, electrolyte decomposition at the graphite electrode is the most significant contributor to capacity loss due to the consumption of cyclable lithium ions. Another mechanism for capacity loss is lithium plating on the surface of the graphite electrode particles and is observed under harsh cycling conditions or after extended cycling. These reactions lead to the formation of a passive layer, called the solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) layer, on the surface of the anode graphite particles. The ionic resistance offered by the SEI layer to the flow of lithium ions in the electrolyte leads to increased heat generation within the cell, thereby leading to higher cell temperature for the same operating conditions with cell ageing. Moreover, the ageing of the cell due to capacity loss, power reduction and impedance rise, is strongly dependent on the cell’s operating temperature and current. The internal cell temperature can be significantly different from its surface temperature for large-format cells when subjected to high current and different extent of forced cooling leading to a spatially varying degradation effects. Even though highly relevant, the coupled effect of current flow, heat generation and capacity fade have not been adequately examined in the literature. While several works have simulated the temperature distribution in large format cells [1,2] or capacity fade for cells [3] under isothermal conditions, very few have examined their coupled effect. Studies considering the coupled effect of capacity fade with heat generation have incorporated a pseudo-2D electrochemical degradation model [4,5]. The thermal model ranges from one to three-dimensional, with higher dimensional thermal models considering uniform heat generation within the cell. However, in a practical scenario, a large-format cell suffers from a non-uniform temperature distribution, leading to non-uniform electrochemical reactions and degradation. Hence, a detailed coupled thermo-electrochemical, capacity-fade model is required to understand cell degradation and temperature rise during its operational life. In a step towards this goal, a two-dimensional physics-based, coupled thermo-electrochemical model with capacity degradation will be demonstrated for cylindrical lithium-ion cells. The electrochemical model with capacity fade is based on the porous-electrode and concentrated solution theories [6]. The thermal model considers the effect of ohmic heat in various cell components and the reversible and irreversible heat of reactions in the electrodes. The contribution of side reactions in heat generation is incorporated. The effect of changing porosity and thermal and electronic impedance with ageing on the cell is considered in the model. The results will give a better understanding of (a) the safe operation of the cell as the internal temperature of the cell changes with ageing, and of (b) the dependence of cell ageing on temperature. Fig.1 shows the spatial distribution of temperature at the end of discharge for an LMO cell under different convective heat transfer coefficients. The cells were subjected to a 5C current at an ambient temperature of 25°C. While the temperature reached for a convective heat transfer coefficient h=5 W/m2.K is much higher, the temperature gradient developed is more significant for h=50 W/m2.K. This can be attributed to the increased Biot number for the cell under forced cooling. A difference of 8°C for h=50 W/m2.K between the internal and external cell temperature show that the capacity-fade model needs to consider the local temperature distribution within the cell for better prediction of cell degradation with cycling. References: [1] Pan, Y. W., Hua, Y., Zhou, S., He, R., Zhang, Y., Yang, S., Liu, X., Lian, Y., Yan, X. & Wu, B. (2020). Journal of Power Sources, 459, 228070. [2] Zhao, Y., Diaz, L. B., Patel, Y., Zhang, T., & Offer, G. J. (2019). Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 166(13), A2849. [3] Atalay, S., Sheikh, M., Mariani, A., Merla, Y., Bower, E., & Widanage, W. D. (2020). Journal of Power Sources, 478, 229026. [4] Xu, M., Wang, R., Zhao, P., & Wang, X. (2019). Journal of Power Sources, 438, 227015. [5] Jiang, G., Zhuang, L., Hu, Q., Liu, Z., & Huang, J. (2020). Applied Thermal Engineering, 171, 115080. [6] Rashid, M., & Gupta, A. (2014). ECS Electrochemistry Letters, 3(10), A95. Figure 1
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Li, Bin. "Unlocking Failure Mechanisms and Improvement of Practical Li-S Pouch Cells through in Operando Pressure Study." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 1 (July 7, 2022): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-011109mtgabs.
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Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been considered a promising candidate for next-generation high-energy density storage technology due to their low cost and high theoretical capacity. However, since 2017, more and more attentions have been paid to the gap of lab cell characterization (coin cell) and prototype cell (pouch cell) development since misinterpretations and false expectations are frequently reported: material property impacts are often over-interpreted, while parameters with indirect impact (e.g., electrode and separator porosity, tortuosity, and pressure on cell stack) are neglected. In order to accelerate Li-S battery commercialization, the rapid transfer of material-related concept discovered in coin cells to a pouch cell level is essential, as some problems ignored or deemed minimal at the smaller level could have a greater effect on the performance of the larger pouch cell. The issues existing in practical pouch cell should be discovered, which would shed light on further battery materials development, or inspire the novel approaches to identify cell failure and improve cell performances at the pouch cell level. Considering the gap between practical pouch cells and coin cells, in addition to the noticeable difference in electrode size (e.g., the electrode size of practical pouch cell is usually >100 times of that of coin cell), a much higher stack pressure (> 1Mpa) is usually applied inside the coin cell. It was taken for granted that stack pressure was playing a critical role, leading to inconsistent performance between pouch cells and coin cells. Furthermore, with increasing size of the cells (especially for multi-layer pouch cells), the electrolyte wettability needs to be taken seriously. Otherwise, the sulfur utilization would be largely reduced as ionic conduction pathways was significantly affected. Herein, we rationally designed two kinds of cathode: Non-calendared sulfur electrode (NCSE) and Calendared sulfur electrode (CSE). The former’s porosity (ε) and tortuosity (τ) were proven to change with stack pressures while the latter’s do not change by simulations based on micro-XCT results with in-situ pressure applied. These two sulfur cathodes provide preconditions to distinguish the effects of stack pressure and porosity/tortuosity on Li-S pouch cell performances. For the first time, through in-situ monitoring of pressure applied onto Li-S pouch cells, the failure mechanisms of Li-S pouch cells were deeply understood, and the approaches to improve Li-S pouch cell performances were identified. It is found that highly porous structures of cathodes/separators and slow electrolyte diffusion through cathodes/separators can both lead to poor initial wetting. Additionally, Li-metal anode dominates the thickness variation of the whole pouch cell, which is verified by in situ measured pressure variation. Consequently, a real-time approach that combined normalized pressure with dP/dV analysis is proposed and validated to diagnose the morphology evolution of Li-metal anode. Moreover, applied pressure and porosity/tortuosity ratio of the cathode are both identified as independent factors that influence anode performance. In addition to stabilizing anodes, high pressure is proven to improve the cathode connectivity and avoid cathode cracking over cycling, which improves the possibility of developing cathodes with high sulfur mass loading. This work provides insights into Li-S pouch cell design (e.g., cathode and separator) and highlights pathways to improve cell capacity and cycling performance with applied and monitored pressure. Figure 1
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cell cycling performance simulation"
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Cadavid, Cadavid Juan Manuel. "Discrete-Event Simulation: Development of a simulation project for Cell 14 at Volvo CE Components." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-6162.
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In line with the company-wide CS09 project being carried out at Volvo CE Components, Cell 14 will have changes in terms of distribution of machines and parts routing to meet the lean manufacturing goals established. These changes are of course dependant on future production volumes, as well as lot sizing and material handling considerations.
In this context, an important emphasis is given to the awareness of the performance measures that support decision making in these production development projects. By using simulation as a confirmation tool, it is possible to re-assess these measures by testing the impact of changes in complex situations, in line with the lean manufacturing principles.
The aim of the project is to develop a discrete event simulation model following the methodology proposed by Banks et al (1999). A model of Cell 14 will be built using the software Technomatix Plant Simulation ® which is used by the Company and the results from the simulation study will be analyzed.
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Bayer, Daniel Nicholas. "The Magnetocaloric Effect & Performance of Magnetocaloric Materials in a 1D Active Magnetic Regenerator Simulation." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1578587695272946.
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Zemzemi, Imene. "High-performance computing and numerical simulation for laser wakefield acceleration with realistic laser profiles." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAX111.
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Le développement des lasers ultra-courts à de hautes intensités a permis l’émergence de nouveaux domaines de recherche en relation avec l’interaction laser-plasma. En particulier, les lasers petawatt femtoseconde ont ouvert la voie vers la possibilité de concevoir une nouvelle génération d’accélérateurs de particules. La modélisation numérique a largement contribué à l’essor de ce domaine d’accélération des électrons par sillage laser. Dans ce contexte, les codes Particle-In-Cell sont les plus répandus dans la communauté. Ils permettent une description fiable de l’interaction laser plasma et surtout de l’accélération par sillage laser.Cependant, une modélisation précise de la physique en jeu nécessite de recourir à des simulations 3D particulièrement coûteuses. Une manière pour accélérer efficacement ce type de simulations est l’utilisation de modèles réduits qui, tout en assurant un gain en temps de calcul très important, garantissent une modélisation fiable du problème. Parmi ces modèles, la décomposition des champs en modes de Fourier dans la direction azimutale est particulièrement adaptée à l’accélération laser plasma.Dans le cadre de ma thèse, j’ai implémenté ce modèle dans le code open-source SMILEI, dans un premier temps, avec un schéma différences finies (FDTD) pour discrétiser les équations de Maxwell. Néanmoins, ce type de solveur peut induire un effet de Cherenkov numérique qui corrompt les résultats de la simulation. Pour mitiger cet artéfact, j’ai également implémenté une version pseudo-spectrale du solveur de Maxwell qui présente de nombreux avantages en termes de précision numérique.Cette méthode est ensuite mise en oeuvre pour étudier l’impact de profils de lasers réalistes sur la qualité du faisceau d’électrons en exploitant des mesures réalisées sur le laser Apollon. Sa capacité à modéliser correctement les processus physiques présents est analysée en déterminant le nombre de modes nécessaires et en comparant les résultats avec ceux issus des simulations 3D en géométrie Cartésienne. Cette étude montre qu’inclure les défauts du laser mène à des différences dans les résultats et que ces derniers dégradent la performance des accélérateurs-laser plasma notamment en termes de quantité de charge injectée. Ces simulations, instructives pour les futures expériences d’accélération d’électrons par le laser Apollon, mettent en avant la nécessité d’inclure les mesures expérimentales dans la simulation et particulièrement celle du front de phase, pour aboutir à des résultats précisThe advent of ultra-short high-intensity lasers has paved the way to new and promising, yet challenging, areas of research in laser-plasma interaction physics. The success of building petawatt femtosecond lasers offers a promising path for designing future particle accelerators and light sources.Achieving this goal intrinsically relies on the combination of experiments and numerical modeling. So far, Particle-In-Cell (PIC) codes have been the ultimate tool to accurately describe the laser-plasma interaction especially in the field of Laser WakeField Acceleration (LWFA). Nevertheless, the numerical modeling of laser-plasma accelerators in 3D can be a very challenging task due to their high computational cost.A useful approach to speed up such simulations consists of employing reduced numerical modes which simplify the problem while retaining a high fidelity.Among these models, Fourier field decomposition in azimuthal modes for the cylindrical geometry is particularly well suited for physical problems with close to cylindrical symmetry, which is the case in LWFA.During my Ph.D., I first implemented this method in the open-source code SMILEI in the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) discretization scheme for the Maxwell solver. However, this kind of solvers may suffer from numerical Cherenkov radiation (NCR). To mitigate this artifact, I also implemented Maxwell’s solver in the Pseudo Spectral Analytical Domain (PSATD) scheme which offers better accuracy of the results.This method is then employed to study the impact of realistic laser profiles from the Apollon facility on the quality of the accelerated electron beam. Its ability to correctly model the involved physical processes is investigated by determining the optimal number of modes and benchmarking its results with full 3D Cartesian simulations. It is shown that the imperfections in the laser pulse lead to differences in the results compared to theoretical profiles. They degrade the performance of laser-plasma accelerators especially in terms of the quantity of injected charge. These simulations, insightful for the future experiments of LWFA that will be held soon with the Apollon laser, put forward the importance of including realistic lasers in the simulation to obtain reliable results
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Oheda, Hakim. "Artificial neural network control strategies for fuel cell hybrid system." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7964.
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The greening of air transport is the driver for developing technologies to reduce the
environmental impact of aviation with the aim of halving the amount of carbon dioxide
(COଶ) emitted by air transport, cutting specific emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO୶) by 80%
and halving perceived noise by the year 2020. Fuel Cells (FC) play an important role in the
new power generation field as inherently clean, efficient and reliable source of power
especially when comparing with the traditional fossil-fuel based technologies.
The project investigates the feasibility of using an electric hybrid system consisting of a fuel
cell and battery to power a small model aircraft (PiperCub J3). In order to meet the desired
power requirements at different phases of flight efficiently, a simulation model of the
complete system was first developed, consisting of a Proton Exchange Membrane hybrid fuel
cell system, 6DoF aircraft model and neural network based controller. The system was then
integrated in one simulation environment to run in real-time and finally was also tested in
hardware-in-the-loop with real-time control.
The control strategy developed is based on a neural network model identification technique;
specifically Model Reference Control (MRC), since neural network is well suited to nonlinear
systems. To meet the power demands at different phases of flight, the controller controls the
battery current and rate of charging/discharging.
Three case studies were used to validate and assess the performance of the hybrid system:
battery fully charged (high SOC), worst case scenario and taking into account the external
factors such as wind speeds and wind direction. In addition, the performance of the Artificial
Neural Network Controller was compared to that of a Fuzzy Logic controller. In all cases the
fuel cell act as the main power source for the PiperCub J3 aircraft. The tests were carried-out
in both simulation and hardware-in-the-loop.
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Li, Chu Tu. "Development of Field Scenario Ray Tracing Software for the Analysis of Bifacial Photovoltaic Solar Panel Performance." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35523.
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This thesis is based on a project "Bifacial Photovoltaic Energy Production Analysis" to build a detailed simulation model system accurately simulate bifacial panel performance under real field radiation conditions and deployment configuration, and to predict its corresponding energy yield. To the author’s up-to-date knowledge, the model system is unpreceded among same type simulation software in complexity, details in consideration, ranges of deployment and parameters.
The model system can also be used as a platform for more components and variables to be added on, such as adding on more rows of panel arrays to simulate bifacial solar farm scenario; and adding spectral information for more accurate analysis.
The system components’ sub-models were carefully chosen based on a broad literature review in related aspects; especially in sky diffuse radiance, ground reflection, and bifacial solar cells.
Built in MATLAB© based on mathematical expressions from above said models, the system consists of 5 bifacial panels and their racking as shading objects and the central panel performance is under investigation and has taken consideration of all possible panel azimuth and elevation combinations.
Model simplification and resolution are carefully considered so to achieve a good balance in complexity, computation load and output accuracy. Output reliability is confirmed with other people’s work. Furthermore, the model has been fully checked and peer tested.
Outputs under different parameter settings are analysed and discussed. Conclusions and recommended future work are provided at the end of the thesis.
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Nikfarjam, Farhad. "Extension de la méthode LS-STAG de type frontière immergée/cut-cell aux géométries 3D extrudées : applications aux écoulements newtoniens et non newtoniens." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0023/document.
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La méthode LS-STAG est une méthode de type frontière immergée/cut-cell pour le calcul d’écoulements visqueux incompressibles qui est basée sur la méthode MAC pour grilles cartésiennes décalées, où la frontière irrégulière est nettement représentée par sa fonction level-set, résultant en un gain significatif en ressources informatiques par rapport aux codes MFN commerciaux utilisant des maillages qui épousent la géométrie. La version 2D est maintenant bien établie et ce manuscrit présente son extension aux géométries 3D avec une symétrie translationnelle dans la direction z (configurations extrudées 3D). Cette étape intermédiaire sera considérée comme la clé de voûte du solveur 3D complet, puisque les problèmes de discrétisation et d’implémentation sur les machines à mémoire distribuée sont abordés à ce stade de développement. La méthode LS-STAG est ensuite appliquée à divers écoulements newtoniens et non-newtoniens dans des géométries extrudées 3D (conduite axisymétrique, cylindre circulaire, conduite cylindrique avec élargissement brusque, etc.) pour lesquels des résultats de références et des données expérimentales sont disponibles. Le but de ces investigations est d’évaluer la précision de la méthode LS-STAG, d’évaluer la polyvalence de la méthode pour les applications d’écoulement dans différents régimes (fluides newtoniens et rhéofluidifiants, écoulement laminaires stationnaires et instationnaires, écoulements granulaires) et de comparer ses performances avec de méthodes numériques bien établies (méthodes non structurées et de frontières immergées)The LS-STAG method is an immersed boundary/cut-cell method for viscous incompressible flows based on the staggered MAC arrangement for Cartesian grids where the irregular boundary is sharply represented by its level-set function. This approach results in a significant gain in computer resources compared to commercial body-fitted CFD codes. The 2D version of LS-STAG method is now well-established and this manuscript presents its extension to 3D geometries with translational symmetry in the z direction (3D extruded configurations). This intermediate step will be regarded as the milestone for the full 3D solver, since both discretization and implementation issues on distributed memory machines are tackled at this stage of development. The LS-STAG method is then applied to Newtonian and non-Newtonian flows in 3D extruded geometries (axisymmetric pipe, circular cylinder, duct with an abrupt expansion, etc.) for which benchmark results and experimental data are available. The purpose of these investigations is to evaluate the accuracy of LS-STAG method, to assess the versatility of method for flow applications at various regimes (Newtonian and shear-thinning fluids, steady and unsteady laminar to turbulent flows, granular flows) and to compare its performance with well-established numerical methods (body-fitted and immersed boundary methods)
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Cheng, Shang Chin, and 鄭上欽. "Simulation on Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02426239673856559844.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
機械與精密工程研究所
96
ABSTRACT PEMFC’s multiphysics models have established on the logical postulate. To illustrate, proton exchange membranes emphasize the model of water molecule transfer (migration, electroosmosis and diffusion), catalyst layer accents on a model of reaction dynamic, diffusion layer should consider the mix gas in a mathematics model of porous transfer, and gas channel and manifoldmodel have to focus on momentum transfer model. If we want to build a completed multiphysics model of PEMFC, we should resolve equations such as Migration’s Law, Diffusion’s Law and Convection’s Law such as basic Transfer Law and chemical electric electrochemistry reactive equation with Fuel cell. The complicated equations will accompany the increase of parameter to enlarge. In this article, we use COMSOL Multiphysics Modeling Multiphysics software to simulate and analyze proton exchange membrane fuel cell’s current density in cathode. In addition, we use the mass fraction of oxygen, water, and azotes to approximate the result of current distribute. We evidence the Cross-Flow Fields of PEMFC model, and analyze the speed of fluid and water flowing distribution to evaluate the efficiency of fuel cell. In this article, we use mathematics include describing Stefan-Maxwell equations of gas diffuse, Bulter-Volume equations of three phase electrochemical reaction in catalyst layer, energy equations of heat transfer and Darcy’s law of momentum transfer in the diffusion layer. As a consequence, we can find out three points in this article. First, increasing entrance pressure not only raises entrance hydrogen but also increases the concentration of oxygen mass fraction. Moreover, adding convection effective makes more hydrogen and oxygen to participate reaction to the catalyst layer. When the pressure increases to 2atm, the efficiency has postponed. Second, while the temperature becomes higher in inlet, and it makes current lower. Third, we can find the electrochemistry reaction rate of catalyst layer thickness minimum difference under 1μm in different distributed conditions of catalyst layer thickness. Key word：Proton Exchange Membrane、Fuel Cell、COMSOL
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Tan, Chi-Kai, and 譚吉凱. "Simulation Analsys on the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31642960854094372643.
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Farhad, Siamak. "Performance Simulation of Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6252.
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The performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) at the cell and system levels is studied using computer simulation.
At the cell level, a new model combining the cell micro and macro models is developed. Using this model, the microstructural variables of porous composite electrodes can be linked to the cell performance. In this approach, the electrochemical performance of porous composite electrodes is predicted using a micro-model. In the micro-model, the random-packing sphere method is used to estimate the microstructural properties of porous composite electrodes from the independent microstructural variables. These variables are the electrode porosity, thickness, particle size ratio, and size and volume fraction of electron-conducting particles. Then, the complex interdependency among the multi-component mass transport, electron and ion transports, and the electrochemical and chemical reactions in the microstructure of electrodes is taken into account to predict the electrochemical performance of electrodes. The temperature distribution in the solid structure of the cell and the temperature and species partial pressure distributions in the bulk fuel and air streams are predicted using the cell macro-model. In the macro-model, the energy transport is considered for the cell solid structure and the mass and energy transports are considered for the fuel and air streams.
To demonstrate the application of the cell level model developed, entitled the combined micro- and micro-model, several anode-supported co-flow planar cells with a range of microstructures of porous composite electrodes are simulated. The mean total polarization resistance, the mean total power density, and the temperature distribution in the cells are predicted. The results of this study reveal that there is an optimum value for most of the microstructural variables of the electrodes at which the mean total polarization resistance of the cell is minimized. There is also an optimum value for most of the microstructural variables of the electrodes at which the mean total power density of the cell is maximized. The microstructure of porous composite electrodes also plays a significant role in the mean temperature, the temperature difference between the hottest and coldest spots, and the maximum temperature gradient in the solid structure of the cell. Overall, using the combined micro- and micro-model, an appropriate microstructure for porous composite electrodes to enhance the cell performance can be designed.
At the system level, the full load operation of two SOFC systems is studied. To model these systems, the basic cell model is used for SOFCs at the cell level, the repeated-cell stack model is used for SOFCs at the stack level, and the thermodynamic model is used for the balance of plant components of the system. In addition to these models, a carbon deposition model based on the thermodynamic equilibrium assumption is employed.
For the system level model, the first SOFC system considered is a combined heat and power (CHP) system that operates with biogas fuel. The performance of this system at three different configurations is evaluated. These configurations are different in the fuel processing method to prevent carbon deposition on the anode catalyst. The fuel processing methods considered in these configurations are the anode gas recirculation (AGR), steam reforming (SR), and partial oxidation reformer (POX) methods. The application of this system is studied for operation in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and in single-family detached dwellings. The evaluation of this system for operation in a WWTP indicates that if the entire biogas produced in the WWTP is used in the system with AGR or SR fuel processors, the electric power and heat required to operate the plant can be completely supplied and the extra electric power generated can be sold to the electrical grid. The evaluation of this system for operation in single-family detached dwellings indicates that, depending on the size, location, and building type and design, this system with all configurations studied is suitable to provide the domestic hot water and electric power demands.
The second SOFC system is a novel portable electric power generation system that operates with liquid ammonia fuel. Size, simplicity, and high electrical efficiency are the main advantages of this environmentally friendly system. Using a sensitivity analysis, the effects of the cell voltage at several fuel utilization ratios on the number of cells required for the SOFC stack, system efficiency and voltage, and excess air required for thermal management of the SOFC stack are studied.
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Laio-Hsin-Chang and 廖信璋. "Numerical Simulation on the performance and fluid flow of proton exchange membrane fuel cell." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72309677631580136246.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
輪機工程系
94
The main aim of this thesis study is to perform an investigation into the performance related problems with proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) using CFDRC software. There are a great number of operating and physical parameters, such as pressure, temperature, humidity, fuel composition, and flow channel influencing the performance of a PEMFC. Mathematical model for a three-dimensional fuel cell are performed including fluid flows, heat transfer, mass transfer, electrochemical kinetics, and electric charge transport. Numerical simulation area includes the channel of positive and negative poles, catalyst, diffusion layers, and membrane within the fuel cell. The numerical model is coupled with a computational fluid dynamics technology that includes the porous gas diffusion electrodes and the reactant flow channels. Three-dimensional spatial distributions of current, temperature, species concentrations, pressure and water are illustrated and discussed in detail by numerical simulation. In proton exchange membrane fuel cells it is particularly important to maintain appropriate pressure and water content in the electrolyte membrane. The water balance depends on the coupling between diffusion of water, pressure variation, and the electro-osmotic drag in the membrane. Last, effects of pressure and humidification temperature of inlet stream and rib-to-channel ratio on the cell performance have been analyzed.
Books on the topic "Cell cycling performance simulation"
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Fuel cell power plant initiative: Final report. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.
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Zarrinkoub, Houman. Understanding LTE with MATLAB: From Mathematical Foundation to Simulation, Performance Evaluation and Implementation. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2014.
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Commercial Vehicles 2021. VDI Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783181023808.
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Contents Ways to achieve Zero Emission ZF E-Mobility products and software for commercial vehicles ..... 1 Thermoelectric generators for heavy-duty vehicles as an economical waste heat recovery system ..... 17 Hybridization of heavy duty trucks – Market analysis and technology for high voltage as well as low voltage solutions ..... 33 Development processes and methods Lightweight construction and cost reduction – a lean, agile MSCDPS® product development process ..... 43 eDrive & Fuel Cell powertrain systems engineering for commercial vehicles ..... 55 Fatigue development of a 10x10 commercial vehicle frame using dynamic and/or strength simulation, virtual iteration and component testing together with measurement data acquisition ..... 73 Data-driven selection of vehicle variants for the E/E integration test – Increasing variants and complex technology versus test coverage ..... 81 Hydrogen propulsion High performance and efficiency hydrogen engine using westport fuel systems’ Commercially available HPDI fuel system ..... 97 E/E architecture and operating strategy for fuel-cell trucks – Challenges...
Book chapters on the topic "Cell cycling performance simulation"
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Rostrup, Scott, and Hans De Sterck. "Hybrid MPI-Cell Parallelism for Hyperbolic PDE Simulation on a Cell Processor Cluster." In High Performance Computing Systems and Applications, 337–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12659-8_25.
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Baird, S., and J. J. McGuirk. "Multi-block parallel simulation of fluid flow in a fuel cell." In High-Performance Computing and Networking, 1042–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0100665.
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Clarke, B. J., and P. F. Kelly. "Manufacturing Cell Machine/Manning Performance Simulation by Using CAPS/ECSL." In Advances in Manufacturing Technology, 175–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1355-8_24.
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Ahlawat, Siddhant, Siddharth, Bhawna Rawat, and Poornima Mittal. "A Comparative Performance Analysis of Varied 10T SRAM Cell Topologies at 32 nm Technology Node." In Modeling, Simulation and Optimization, 63–75. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0836-1_5.
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Bhukya, Muralidhar Nayak, Manish Kumar, Vipin, and Chandervanshi. "Factors Affecting the Efficiency of Solar Cell and Technical Possible Solutions to Improve the Performance." In Modeling, Simulation and Optimization, 623–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9829-6_49.
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Dorobisz, Andrzej, Michał Kotwica, Jacek Niemiec, Oleh Kobzar, Artem Bohdan, and Kazimierz Wiatr. "The Impact of Particle Sorting on Particle-In-Cell Simulation Performance." In Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics, 156–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78024-5_15.
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Stock, A., J. Neudorfer, B. Steinbusch, T. Stindl, R. Schneider, S. Roller, C. D. Munz, and M. Auweter-Kurtz. "Three-Dimensional Gyrotron Simulation Using a High-Order Particle-in-Cell Method." In High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering '11, 637–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23869-7_47.
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Tarksalooyeh, Victor Azizi, Gábor Závodszky, and Alfons G. Hoekstra. "Optimizing Parallel Performance of the Cell Based Blood Flow Simulation Software HemoCell." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 537–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22744-9_42.
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Reiter, Sebastian, Arne Nägel, Andreas Vogel, and Gabriel Wittum. "Massively Parallel Multigrid for the Simulation of Skin Permeation on Anisotropic Tetrakaidecahedral Cell Geometries." In High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering ' 17, 457–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68394-2_27.
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Neudorfer, J., T. Stindl, A. Stock, R. Schneider, D. Petkow, S. Roller, C. D. Munz, and M. Auweter-Kurtz. "Three-Dimensional Simulation of Rarefied Plasma Flows Using a High Order Particle in Cell Method." In High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering '10, 593–604. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15748-6_43.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Cell cycling performance simulation"
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Choi, Yonghwan, Jeong-Hun Seo, and Hae Kyu Lim. "Probabilistic design optimization of battery pack in considering the effect of external pressure with uncertainty." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-adm-065.
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Lithium-ion batteries have attracted wide attention as automotive applications with their advantages of high energy density and performance. The pouch type cell has been a preferred candidate based on their light weight, cost effectiveness, and design flexibility. However, due to the low mechanical stability, their characteristics are strongly influenced by environmental conditions. Especially, external pressure on cell surface directly affects the swelling phenomenon which is closely related to performance, life cycle and structural safety of the battery pack. In this paper, a novel framework for design optimization of battery pack is proposed to apply appropriate pressure on pouch cells. The effect of external pressure is investigated through cell cycling tests while thickness, pressure and capacity changes are measured. This investigation shows a recognizable correlation between pressure and cell degradation and also indicates the needs of certain pressure level which should be ensured by pack structures. The mechanical relation between cell and structural components is demonstrated in a free body diagram and utilized for deterministic analysis. To consider uncertainties in the external pressure formulation, the system is hierarchically decomposed and the uncertainty for each sub-component is analyzed. Then, the uncertainty propagation is conducted using Monte-Carlo Simulation to predict the distribution of external pressure in pack level. Based on the results, probabilistic design optimization is performed to minimize the weight of battery pack structure ensuring the external pressure range. The results of deterministic and probabilistic design optimization are compared. The deterministic analysis includes the safety factor based method and the arithmetic worst case based method. The probabilistic analysis is formulated for ensuring the minimum required pressure with the confidence level of 99.7%. After the pressure distribution analysis, the design of module and pack structure is modified to generate the appropriate pressure on the cell surface. The improved module and pack designs are verified by numerical simulations and tests. By adopting the probabilistic design optimization, it is expected that the life cycle reliability and the performance of battery pack can be improved. In addition, more than 17% of weight reduction can be achieved compared to conventional deterministic based design optimization. A novel framework for probabilistic design optimization of battery pack is proposed in considering the effect of external pressure on pouch cell. Various uncertainty factors in formulating external pressure are analyzed by using probabilistic method and compared with the deterministic method. This proposed design technique can be utilized for developing compatible automotive battery packs and improving reliability under uncertainty.
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Yesilyurt, Serhat. "Modeling and Simulations of Deformation and Transport in PEM Fuel Cells." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2008-65258.
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Performance degradation and durability of PEM fuel cells depend strongly upon transport and deformation characteristics of their components especially the polymer membrane. Physical properties of the membrane, such as its ionic conductivity and Young’s modulus depend on its water content, which varies significantly with operating conditions and during transients. Recent studies indicate that cyclic transients may induce hygrothermal fatigue that leads to the ultimate failure of the membrane shortening its lifetime, and thus, hindering the reliable use PEM fuel cells for automotive applications. In this work, we present two-dimensional simulations and analysis of coupled deformation and transport in PEM fuel cells. A two-dimensional cross-section of anode and cathode gas diffusion layers, and the membrane sandwiched between them is modeled using Maxwell-Stefan equations in the gas diffusion layers, Biot’s poroelasticity and Darcy’s law for deformation and water transport in the membrane and Ohm’s law for ionic currents in the membrane and electric currents in the gas diffusion electrodes. Steady-state deformation and transport of water in the membrane, transient responses to step changes in load and relative humidity of the anode and cathode are obtained from simulation experiments, which are conducted by means of a commercial finite-element package, COMSOL Multiphysics.
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Pahon, Elodie, Samir Jemei, Nadia Yousfi Steiner, and Daniel Hissel. "Effect of Load Cycling on the Performance of Fuel Cell Stacks." In 2019 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vppc46532.2019.8952418.
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Troutman, Joseph, and Rachel Buckle. "Low Temperature Cycling Performance of the SONY 18650 Hard Carbon Mandrel Cell." In 10th International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2012-4127.
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Qi, Li, Y. Takeda, N. Imanish, J. Yang, H. Y. Sun, and O. Yamamoto. "CYCLING PERFORMANCE AND INTERFACE PROPERTIES OF Li/PEO-LiX-CERAMIC FILLER/LiNi0.8Co0.2O2 CELL." In Proceedings of the 7th Asian Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812791979_0075.
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Masoumi Khalil Abad, Ehsan, Sajad Arabnejad Khanoki, and Damiano Pasini. "Shape Design of Periodic Cellular Materials Under Cyclic Loading." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47983.
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This paper presents a method to improve the fatigue strength of 2D periodic cellular materials under a fully-reversed loading condition. For a given cell topology, the shape of the unit cell is synthesized to minimize any stress concentration caused by discontinuities in the cell geometry. We propose to reduce abrupt geometric changes emerging in the periodic microstructure through the synthesis of a cell shape defined by curved boundaries with continuous curvature, i.e. G2-continous curves. The bending moments caused by curved cell elements are reduced by minimizing the curvature of G2-continuous cell elements so as to make them as straight as possible. The asymptotic homogenization technique is used to obtain the homogenized stiffness matrix and the fatigue strength of the synthesized cellular material. The proposed methodology is applied to synthesize a unit cell topology described by smooth boundary curves. Numeric simulations are performed to compare the performance of the synthesized cellular solid with that of common two dimensional lattice materials having hexagonal, circular, square, and Kagome shape of the unit cell. The results show that the methodology enables to obtain a cellular material with improved fatigue strength. Finally, a parametric study is performed to examine the effect of different geometric parameters on the performance of the proposed cellular geometries.
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Ayala, Luis Felipe, and Turgay Ertekin. "Analysis of Gas-Cycling Performance in Gas/Condensate Reservoirs Using Neuro-Simulation." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/95655-ms.
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Haynes, Comas L., and J. Chris Ford. "A Simulation of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Electrochemical Light Off Phenomenon." In ASME 2005 Summer Heat Transfer Conference collocated with the ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2005-72845.
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During latter-stage, “start-up” heating of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack to a desired operating temperature, heat may be generated in an accelerating manner during the establishment of electrochemical reactions. This is because a temperature rise in the stack causes an acceleration of electrochemical transport given the typical Arrhenius nature of the electrolyte conductivity. Considering a potentiostatic condition (i.e., prescribed cell potential), symbiosis thus occurs because greater current prevalently leads to greater by-product heat generation, and vice versa. This interplay of the increasing heat generation and electrochemistry is termed “light off”, and an initial model has been developed to characterize this important thermal cycling phenomenon. The results of the simulation begin elucidating the prospect of using cell potential as well as other electrochemical operating conditions (e.g., reactants utilization) as dynamic controls in managing light off transients and possibly mitigating thermal cycling issues.
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Jen, Tien-Chien, S. H. Chan, and T. Z. Yan. "3-D Numerical Simulation for Fuel Cell Performance." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32563.
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A 3-D mathematical model for the PEM fuel cell including gas channel has been developed to simulate fluid flow, current density distribution, and multi-component transport. In order to understand the developing fluid flow and mass transfer process inside the fuel cell channels, the conventional Navier-Stokes equations for gas channel, and volume-averaged Navier-Stokes equations for porous gas diffusers and catalyst layer are adopted individually in this study. A set of conservation equations and species concentration equations are solved numerically in a coupled gas channel and porous media domain using the vorticity-velocity method with power law scheme. Detailed development axial velocity and secondary flow fields at various axial positions in the entrance region are presented. Polarization curves under various operating conditions are demonstrated by solving the equations for electrochemical reactions and the membrane phase potential. Compared with experimental data from published literatures, numerical results of this model agree closely with experimental results. Finally, mass transport equations are solved at a preset condition of electrochemical reaction, and oxygen and hydrogen mole fraction distribution fields are displayed.
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Liu, Qi, Gabriel Wainer, Ligang Lu, and Michael Perrone. "Novel performance optimization of large-scale discrete-event simulation on the Cell Broadband Engine." In Simulation (HPCS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hpcs.2010.5547142.
Full textReports on the topic "Cell cycling performance simulation"
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Trembacki, Bradley L., Jayathi Y. Murthy, and Scott Alan Roberts. Fully Coupled Simulation of Lithium Ion Battery Cell Performance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1221525.
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