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Mugadizi, Philip Anjava. "Celibacy and priesthood." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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McLaughlin, Anthony K. "Canon 277 [par.] 1 the positive obligation of Latin clergy to observe celibacy /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Blum, Charlie E. "Development in the law on celibacy." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p029-0703.
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Bond, Coralyn Anita. "Celibacy and leadership the option regarded /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.
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Cowburn, Sheila. "Celibacy and individuation : a Jungian perspective." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13853.
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Bibliography: leaves 51-55.The aim of this study is to answer the question: is celibacy psychologically heal thy with specific reference to Christianity? Jungian theory is utilized to develop a theoretical framework in which celibacy may be viewed. The meaning of celibacy is initially examined from a Christian perspective as a form of love and contrasted with celibacy's meaning and implications from a Jungian perspective. This is done by means of a comprehensive exposition of Jung's concept of individuation, what is understood by "psychological health" and how this is linked with religious experience. The integration of instinctuality and spirituality is then centrally addressed in an elaboration of the concepts of sexuality, religion and mysticism and Jung's critique of Christianity. Further levels of the meaning of celibacy, as possible specific and unique constellations of an individual's psychic development are examined in both negative and positive forms. It is concluded that from a Jungian perspective celibacy in the main is not psychologically healthy, and specific points of departure between Jung and Catholicism are highlighted.
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Selin, Gary. "The development of magisterial teaching on the ecclesiological dimension of priestly celibacy in the late twentieth century." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p029-0687.
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King, Elizabeth Ann. "Virginity in early Christian writings /." View abstract, 2000. http://library.ctstateu.edu/ccsu%5Ftheses/1591.html.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Central Connecticut State University, 2000.Thesis advisor: Glenn Sunshine. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-66).
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Bonetto, Mirian Salvestrin [UNESP]. "O amor sensual e o celibato clerical no Decameron, de Boccaccio." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/149729.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Um dos temas de destaque na obra-prima de Giovanni Boccaccio, o Decameron, escrita por volta de 1353, é o amor sensual, vivenciado por seus personagens de forma realista e naturalista. Dentre esses personagens, encontramos membros do clero católico, celibatários, e é para eles que voltamos o nosso olhar. Pretendemos traçar as características da abordagem de Boccaccio ao tema do amor sensual no celibato clerical em dez novelle da obra e, com isso, levantar quais concepções de amor, indivíduo e natureza humana são encontradas nas entrelinhas dessas histórias. Para analisarmos o corpus, tomaremos como base a fundamentação do celibato na Igreja Católica, exposta por Brown (1990); a doutrina do amor em Boccaccio, que trata o amor sensual com realismo e naturalismo, abordada por Scaglione (1963) e Givens (1968); a retórica de Aristóteles (2006), já que os personagens usam a retórica para obter êxito na conquista amorosa; as considerações de Ó Cuilleanáin (1984) e Smarr (2014) sobre a representação decameroniana do clero; além de estudos sobre o autor e obra, como os de Auerbach (2007; 2013). Com base em Berger (1972) e Nodelman (1988), analisaremos ilustrações que representam o amor sensual praticado por personagens celibatários, feitas por Alex Cerveny. No Decameron, os clérigos são dessacralizados, retratados como homens comuns, nos quais a natureza e o instinto se fazem presentes. A nosso ver, esses homens e mulheres são levados pela instituição católica a abandonarem obrigatoriamente a sexualidade, mas eles não desejam renunciar efetivamente a esse aspecto que é inerente à vida humana.
One of the main themes in the masterpiece of Giovanni Boccaccio, the Decameron, written around 1353, is the sensual love, experienced by its characters in a realistic and naturalistic way. Among those characters, we find members of the Catholic clergy who are celibates, and who are the holders of our attention. We intend to describe the characteristics of Boccaccio’s treatment of the sensual love theme in clerical celibacy in ten novelle from the book and present which conceptions of love, individual and human nature are found in those stories. To analyse the corpus, we will consider the foundation of celibacy in the Catholic Church, exposed by Brown (1990); the doctrine of love in Boccaccio, that treats sensual love with realism and naturalism, approached by Scaglione (1963) and Givens (1968); the Aristotle’s rhetorics (2006), since the characters use rhetorics to succeed in loving conquest; the considerations of Ó Cuilleanáin (1984) and Smarr (2014) on the decameronian representation of the clergy; besides studies about the author and book, such as the ones by Auerbach (2007; 2013). Based on Berger (1972) and Nodelman (1988), we will analyse some illustrations which depict the sensual love experienced by celibate characters, drawn by Alex Cerveny. In the Decameron, clerics are unholy, portrayed as ordinary men, in whom nature and instinct are latent. In our view, these men and women must give up sexuality because of the Catholic Church doctrines, but they do not actually want to abdicate this aspect which is inherent to human life.
CAPES: 3300415-3
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Marsh, Mark Edward. "Male celibacy in the Protestant ministry is it a viable option? A survey of biblical, historical, and sociological evidence /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
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Magness, Natasha. "Queer Celibacy: Spiritual Friendship and the New Evangelical Response to Homosexuality." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/525.
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In this thesis I first aim to describe the way in which the decline of the respectability of reparative therapy in the United States created a need for Evangelicals to come up with another political defense against same sex marriage. I argue that this political defense is gradually becoming what I call the “spiritual friendship movement:” an emerging group of gay thinkers and writers who expand the notion of Christian celibacy to include same sex relationships that would be called “romantic” by modern categories. Because this concept is both so new and so complex, in this thesis I will spend time attempting to paint a picture of the implicit logical and theoretical assumptions made by the writers in “spiritual friendship movement” through their most popular books and blog posts and speaking engagements at key “gate-keeper” evangelical organizations.
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Haney, Sandy Lynn. "Is Everybody Doing It? Marital Celibacy in the Cappadocians and Augustine." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/301646.
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ReligionPh.D.
Sources from the late antique and Byzantine eras attest that some Christian spouses adopted marital celibacy, or married persons' abstention from sexual intimacy, as an ascetic practice. The prevalent scholarship on marital celibacy has all too often read later practices of marital celibacy into earlier texts, due to scholars' tendency to universalize ascetic practice. This study endeavors to dismantle such universalizing by demonstrating the differences among four church fathers' approaches and attitudes toward marital celibacy, assuming neither the popularity of the practice nor the immediate affirmation of its necessity for marital ascetic piety. The dissertation explores the theme of marital celibacy in the works of four of the most influential men of the late fourth and early fifth centuries --Gregory of Nazianzus, Gregory of Nyssa, Basil of Caesarea, and Augustine of Hippo-- through a careful analysis of various sources, from funeral orations to hagiographies, to sermons to dogmatic treatises, to letters and to monastic rules. It questions whether the practice was widely embraced in both the eastern and western regions of the empire and distinguishes between theoretical and pragmatic acceptance of marital celibacy. Not only does the study place the men's beliefs regarding marital celibacy within their larger teachings on marriage and virginity, but it also emphasizes the way in which each man's social context and pastoral role contributed to his rhetoric on the topic. It considers the ways in which the rhetoric surrounding marital celibacy intersected with the men's agendas and perspectives concerning other matters, such as their promotion of their saintly family (Gregory of Nazianzus and Gregory of Nyssa), their monastic program (Basil), and their apologetics (Augustine). The project highlights the nuances among each father as well as the divergences between the east (represented by the Cappadocians) and west (represented by Augustine). Although each man discusses the topic of marital celibacy in some way and endorses its practice, at least ideally, they also indicate that not everyone was embracing marital celibacy, nor was every ecclesial leader promoting its practice as necessary for marital piety. Their writings reveal that at least a few people had adopted marital celibacy, and that many people--bishops and laity alike--were attempting to understand its theoretic and pragmatic place and role in the Christian life, particularly in light of Paul's instructions in 1 Corinthians 7. Despite efforts to offer a conclusive analysis of marital celibacy in the works of these four church fathers, the limitations caused by the divergences in the fathers' rhetoric, due to the distinctive contexts and genres of their writings, hinders a straightforward conclusion. Thus this dissertation serves as a glimpse into the diversity of early Christian marital practices through the lens of marital celibacy, underscoring the complexity of both belief and behavior in the late antique Christian world.
Temple University--Theses
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Hoffmann, Evelina, and Elin Åberg. "“BEKRÄFTELSE FRÅN KVINNOR ÄR INGET SKÄMT” : EN STUDIE OM INCELS FÖRESTÄLLNINGAR OM MASKULINITET OCH INTIMA RELATIONER." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43000.
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Tidigare forskning har främst belyst incels i relation till våld och radikalisering. Förhållandevis lite akademisk uppmärksamhet har tillägnats det som kan förstås som kärnan av incelgemenskapen; avsaknaden av intima relationer. Följande studie ämnar fylla detta tomrum genom att undersöka incels föreställningar om maskulinitet och intima relationer, samt hur de kan förstås i relation till teoretiska perspektiv på maskulinitet och sexualitet. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod med en socialkonstruktivistisk forskningsansats. Materialinsamlingen har skett i form av ett tidsbaserat urval där skrivna inlägg från de tre internationellt största diskussionsforumen för incels inhämtades, vid tre olika tillfällen. Alla foruminlägg som publicerades inom en specifik timme inkluderades i urvalet. Empirin bearbetades med en induktiv konventionell innehållsanalys. De teoretiska perspektiven utgår från hegemonisk maskulinitet, och en utveckling av Bourdieus begrepp om fysiskt kapital. Erotiskt kapital användes som kompletterande teoretiskt begrepp. De övergripande resultaten visar att många av personerna på incelforumen förhåller sig till två föreställda strukturer inom vilka intima relationer antas uppstå. Den ena strukturen utgår från en föreställd maskulinitetshierarki där endast män med hegemonisk status antas kunna inleda intima relationer med kvinnor. Den andra strukturen består av en föreställd sexuell marknad där medlemmarna menar att kvinnor strävar efter att inleda relationer med attraktiva och framgångsrika män. Personerna på incelforumen försöker utveckla och etablera strategier för att uppnå en överordnad position i maskulinitetshierarkin och på den sexuella marknaden. Syftet med att avancera inom hierarkierna utgår från en föreställning om att endast en överordnad position kan möjliggöra intima relationer.Previous research has placed incels in relation to violence and radicalization. Relatively little academic attention has been paid to what can be seen as the essence of the community; the lack of intimate relationships. The following study aims to close this gap by exploring how incels view masculinity and intimate relationships, and how this view relates to theoretical perspectives on sexuality and masculinity. This study is based on a qualitative method with a social constructivist approach. Data was collected in the form of a time-based sample where written posts from the three largest international forums for incels were collected on three different occasions. At each occasion all forum posts that were created or updated within a chosen specific hour were included in the sample. The material was processed using an inductive conventional content analysis. The theoretical perspective is based on hegemonic masculinity, and a development of Bourdieu's concept of physical capital. Erotic capital was used as a complementary theoretical concept. The overall results show that people on the incel forums relate to two imagined structures within which intimate relationships are assumed to arise. One structure is based on an imagined masculinity hierarchy where only men with hegemonic status are assumed to be able to initiate intimate relationships with women. The second structure consists of an imagined sexual market where forum members believe that women strive to initiate relationships with attractive and successful men. The people on the incel forums try to develop and establish strategies to achieve a superior position in the masculinity hierarchy and on the sexual market. The purpose of advancing within the hierarchies is based on the notion that only a superior position can enable intimate relationships.
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Oakins, Anne Doreen. "The moral art of Charles Reade : celibacy and the construction of gender." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398958.
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Spicksley, Judith Mary. "The early modern demographic dynamic : celibates and celibacy in seventeenth-century England." Thesis, University of Hull, 2001. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5409.
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By interpreting marriage as a life-cycle phenomenon with procreative sex as its ultimate aim, historians have given primacy - whether wittingly or unwittingly - to the act of intercourse between man and a woman, and relegated a range of other sexual activities to a position of lower value. In contrast, this chapter argues not only for the presence of other forms of sexual gratification within Tudor and Stuart society, but suggests in addition that rather than view them as the precursor to full penetrative intercourse, they should be understood as satisfactory and fulfilling expressions of sexuality in their own right. The final chapter examines the role of the marriage discourse in directing the employment opportunities, social status and cultural identity of single people in seventeenth century England. Here the effects of the discourse, which sought to promote the inevitability of entry into marriage as a general truth, are revealed in a gendered approach to training and employment, differential levels of access of men and women to land and property, and a concept of personal and social identity that for women was linked almost exclusively to marriage as a lifecycle phenomenon. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the extensive social and cultural ramifications of a rise in the proportion of lifelong celibate females, a situation that, regardless of its causes, required single women to reassess the image of themselves as wives and mothers and construct an alternative personal and social identity outside the standard marital paradigm.
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Keroloss, Heshmat. "Towards an Orthodox theology of chastity." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.
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Carroll, Jason Scot, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Reconstructing celibacy : sexual renunciation in the first three centuries of the early church." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2007, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/534.
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This thesis explores the philosophical and theological motivations for early Christian celibacy prior to the appearance of monasticism. This thesis will challenge recent scholarly positions that portray early Christian celibacy only in light of the emergence of monasticism in the fourth century, and which argue that celibacy as an ascetic practice was motivated primarily by resistance to the dominant social structures of antiquity. The practice of celibacy was a significant movement in the early church well before the appearance of monasticism or the development of Christianity as the dominant social force in the empire, and although early Christian sexual austerity was similar to the sexual ethics of Greco-Roman philosophical constructs, early Christian sexual ethics had developed in relation to uniquely Christian theological and cosmological views. Moreover, a segment of the early Christian community idealized celibacy as an expression of the transformation of human nature amidst a community that continued to remain sexually austere in general.vi, 267 leaves ; 29 cm.
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Gilbank, R. S. "Celibacy and experience in the writings of Aelred of Rievaulx and Richard Rolle." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508022.
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Duckenfield, B. "Changes to the celibacy rule at the colleges of Oxford and Cambridge Universities." Thesis, Kingston University, 2008. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20257/.
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This thesis investigates the process of reforming the rule relating to celibacy for Fellows of Oxford and Cambridge colleges. This is the first full length study of the changes in Statutes removing the ban on marriage for Fellows of university colleges, combining research into university, religious, legal and social history. This study traces the origins of the obligatory rule of chastity at the universities' foundations until revision of their Statutes in 1882. Originally students at the universities undertook training as priests even if destined for other professions, therefore chastity was obligatory. The roles of the Church, Crown, and Parliament have been studied in relation to the origins of celibacy for priests, its continuance at the university colleges, throughout the reformation of religion, its preservation until almost the end of the nineteenth century and the consequences of intervention from all three establishments. The main structure of college administration, staff, way of life, and the impact upon reform of events, arguments and debates on the advantages and disadvantages of the system have also been examined and assessed. Key stages, incorporating a chronological view, in the process of changing university colleges from monastic type establishments into environments where married Fellows with families were accepted have been investigated and evaluated. This thesis demonstrates how political, economic, social and legal factors combined, both within and outside the universities, together with the efforts of a few persistent and far-sighted individuals, to create a climate favourable to change. The documents consulted cover a wide range of sources including college archives, government reports, parliamentary speeches, political and ecclesiastical proceedings, diaries, memoirs, biographies, autobiographies and newspapers. This study contributes to an understanding of the process of reform and seeks to demonstrate how, not one single event, but a variety of factors combined over a period of time created circumstances making changes acceptable and possible. It also throws new light on the influence and achievements of individuals, in particular James Heywood, Robert Potts, and Lord John Russell, and points to the need for further research into their lives and work.
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Frick, Jo-Hannes. "A critical evaluation of W. G. Kümmel's interpretation of 1 Corinthians 7:36-38." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Frick, Jo-Hannes. "A critical evaluation of W.G. Kümmel's interpretation of 1 Corinthians 7:36-38." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Braga, Claudomilson Fernandes. "CELIBATO E GÊNERO: UMA RELEITURA CRÍTICA." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2007. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/990.
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Previous issue date: 2007-08-24This dissertation approaches in its essence the subjects that involve the gender relationships and it connections with the power, having as operational instruments the clerical celibacy instituted by the Catholic Church and legally described in the Code of Canonical Right. Also is object of this work a critical interpretation of the celibacy starting from the arts perspective by the Oliviero Toscani photographic art. The central approach of this work permeates in the analysis from theoretical parts about, sexuality, the imprisonment of the bodies and of the desires and specifically as the clerical celibacy - now expert as instrument of the power - it uses the imprisonment of the bodies and desires as argument to control the sexuality and to move away man and woman and for consequence the church s power, which is obtained by the man isolation in a contrary sense.
Esta dissertação aborda na sua essência as questões que envolvem as relações de gênero e suas imbricações com o poder, tendo como instrumento de operacionalização o celibato clerical instituído pela Igreja Católica e legalmente descrito no Código de Direito Canônico. Também é objeto deste trabalho uma releitura crítica do celibato a partir da perspectiva da arte, nomeadamente a arte fotográfica de Oliviero Toscani. Paralelamente a esta abordagem central, permeia este trabalho dissertativo um recorte teórico sobre a sexualidade, o aprisionamento dos corpos e dos desejos e, especificamente como o celibato clerical - agora entendido como instrumento do poder utiliza o aprisionamento dos corpos e dos desejos como argumento para controlar a sexualidade e afastar a mulher do homem e, por conseqüência, do poder da Igreja, o que, num sentido contrário, é obtido pelo
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Immenkamp, Beatrix. "Marriage and celibacy in mediaeval Islam : a study of Ghazali's Kitāb ādāb al-nikāh'." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/237702.
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This study of Abu Hamid al-Ghazali's Kitab adab al-nikah identifies influences which shaped the book's form and content. The study uses literary sources in Arabic from the Islamic tradition, including Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), Sufi treatises, Arabicbelles lettres (adab) and medical literature. Three main influences are addressed: a religious debate on the merits of marriage, the particular Muslim attitude to sexuality, and the Islamic legal view of marriage. The Kitab adab al-nikah was written in the context of a religious debate on the merits of marriage and celibacy, a debate which first emerged in Sufi circles. The Kitab adab al-nikah directly responded to this controversy, providing the probably fullest discussion about marriage in mediaeval Islam and the most comprehensive list of reasons why mediaeval Muslims would marry. The first to openly challenge the institution of marriage was Abu Talib al-Makki in his Sufi treatise, the Qut al-Qulub. The Kitab adab al-nikah directly responds to the discussion of marriage in the Qut al-Qulub, and a substantial part of this study is therefore devoted to analysing the relationship between the two texts. Ghazali's argument in favour of marriage in the Kitab adab al-nikah is informed by a pragmatic and positive attitude towards sexuality, according to which a healthy, balanced life included sex. This attitude to sexuality reflected the prevailing mediaeval Muslim view of the place of sexuality in human life. Ghazali's view of sexuality is analysed and placed in the context of other Muslim writings on the subject. In pre-modern times, the institution of marriage in Muslim societies was governed exclusively by religious law, the sari`a. In the Kitab adab al-nikah, Ghazali provided a concise but exhaustive list of the laws governing this central Muslim institution according to the Shafi'i school of law, to which he belonged. Ghazali's list of the laws of marriage and divorce is complemented by the laws of the other three Sunni schools of law, as well as Shi'i law.
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Immenkamp, Beatrix. "Marriage and celibacy in mediaeval Islam : a study of Ghazali's Kitāb ādāb al-nikaḥ /." [S.l. : s.n], 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb410850385.
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Hobbs, Russell Joseph Wood Ralph C. Williams Daniel H. Miner Robert C. "Toward a Protestant theology of celibacy : Protestant thought in dialogue with John Paul II's Theology of the Body /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/3004.
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Miller, DeLane. "An interpretation of e̲n̲e̲s̲t̲ō̲s̲a̲n̲ a̲n̲a̲g̲k̲e̲n̲ in 1 Corinthians 7:26." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1986. http://www.tren.com.
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Hannan, Carmel. "The changing nature of family formation in Ireland." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f62dc377-10eb-434c-a1cb-2fdcaf7c7356.
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The past century has seen striking changes in family formation in Ireland. Family dynamics are fundamental aspects of social change, but they have been neglected by social research in Ireland since the 1970s. This thesis draws on already available national data to study movements into marriage and parenthood in detail and thereby improve our understanding of family dynamics. The research focuses, in the main, on the 1926 to 1991 census period; a period characterised by the transition from high rates of nonmarriage and large family sizes to more standard European levels. The study primarily addresses the class dimension of family formation. Social class remains a strong predictor of marriage and fertility patterns. The study first maps the long-standing trend of higher rates of non-marriage and higher rates of marital fertility in the poorer sections of Irish society. The fertility levels of the class categories experiencing economic marginalisation have remained high so that the burden of dependency is heaviest among working class and farming families. Fertility decline was, however, evident in all socio-economic groups. Secondly, the thesis provides the first serious examination of quantitative evidence to assess the hypothesis that high rates of marital fertility act as a marriage deterrent. Despite the availability of more effective fertility controls, marriage plans continue to be influenced by the size of the prospective family. The results highlight the importance of economic resources as a prerequisite to marriage. Economic rationality is not, however, the only driving force. Thirdly, the thesis investigates the degree to which changes in family formation were related to changes in the composition of Irish society. A standardisation exercise isolating the effects of population structure revealed that class compositional changes cannot account for changes in male fertility rates over the course of the twentieth century but, were important in understanding declining rates of celibacy.
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Costigan, Philip John, and n/a. "An Australian Man in Search of an Embodied Spirituality." Griffith University. School of Theology, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070201.115833.
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This thesis attempts to answer the question of how a framework for a contemporary Australian male spirituality might be formulated. It provides a theoretical base for constructing a spirituality for Australian men that would prove more relevant than the religious patriarchal framework that many men have traditionally experienced. The study makes use of the potentially positive impact on men's spirituality, and that of Australian men in particular, of three of the most significant revolutions affecting contemporary society - the feminist, environmental and embodiment movements. A critical examination is first made of the many strands of the contemporary Men's Movement and the spiritualities associated with them to gain an overall view of the state of men's spirituality today. From this overview, a new philosophical and religious stance is developed, spiritual virism. This may be defined as a sacred worldview by and for men, which, informed by feminist spiritual principles and perspectives, results in a range of redefined personal and collective spiritualities for men in relation to the Sacred. As a result, men are challenged to work actively for the deconstruction of religious patriarchy with a view to the liberation of both men and women. Spiritual virism, in turn, defines the methodology employed throughout the thesis. It is a critical analytical methodology drawn from the disciplines of academic spirituality and feminist theory. It entails the deconstruction of life-denying forms of patriarchal religious attitudes and the construction of more life-giving forms of spirituality. As experience is central in both spiritual and feminist research, personal texts, involving my own spiritual experience expressed in my paintings and in autobiographical commentaries on them, are the prime starting points in this analysis. Discursive discourse, involving more abstract methodology, follows. The deconstruction of the traditional patriarchal understanding of the Sacred in Western Christianity is undertaken first. The construction of more life-giving images of the Sacred, drawn from parallel paradigms in feminist thealogy and earth-based religion, follows. The results are that men may find a positive re-imaging of the Sacred in non-gendered forms such as the Source or the Great Cycle of Life, or in gendered forms such as the god, radically reinterpreted, and especially in the feminine Sacred, the Goddess. Evolving contemporary perceptions of the place of the environment in spirituality, such as ecofeminism, deep ecology, the new science and ecotheology, are employed to help construct more positive spiritual practices for men with respect to nature, the earth and the cosmos. This follows a deconstruction of traditional patriarchal understandings of them within society and Western Christianity. Insights such as the Sacred embodied in the unfolding cosmos, in the living earth and in the web of all life, lead men to a more contemplative, less exploitative attitude to the world around them. Thirdly, having deconstructed the traditional patriarchal attitude of Western Christianity to the male body, the positive impact of contemporary embodiment theory and practice on a spirituality for men is sought. Implications are drawn from feminist understandings of the sacrality of the female body, from Christian embodiment theology and from the practices of body-honouring religions. A more body/earth-centred spirituality, which is non-dualistic and respects the sacredness of the body and sexuality, emerges. A unified spiritual framework draws together and integrates the positive insights of each of these studies. In seeking the application of this generic male spirituality to the Australian context, this framework is brought into dialogue with contemporary approaches to Australian spirituality. The result is a way of formulating an Australian men's spirituality from the perspective of An Australian Man in Search of an Embodied Spirituality, the title of my thesis. This spirituality is rooted in the land of Australia, where the body of the Australian man is seen as sacred and embodied within the sacred body of the Australian land. A sacred Australian mythos is explored to personalise this embodiment. This images the masculine Sacred, the god, as embodied within the man, who both move within the all-encompassing female Sacred, the Goddess, embodied within the land of Australia.
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Finnegan, William F. "Canon 1087 orders as a diriment impediment to marriage as applied to a widower permanent deacon /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Storer, Sandra J. "Paul's depiction of celibacy in 1 Corinthians 7:25-35 specific to the Corinthian situation, but conveying enduring principles /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p006-1509.
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Costigan, Philip John. "An Australian Man in Search of an Embodied Spirituality." Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367529.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis attempts to answer the question of how a framework for a contemporary Australian male spirituality might be formulated. It provides a theoretical base for constructing a spirituality for Australian men that would prove more relevant than the religious patriarchal framework that many men have traditionally experienced. The study makes use of the potentially positive impact on men's spirituality, and that of Australian men in particular, of three of the most significant revolutions affecting contemporary society - the feminist, environmental and embodiment movements. A critical examination is first made of the many strands of the contemporary Men's Movement and the spiritualities associated with them to gain an overall view of the state of men's spirituality today. From this overview, a new philosophical and religious stance is developed, spiritual virism. This may be defined as a sacred worldview by and for men, which, informed by feminist spiritual principles and perspectives, results in a range of redefined personal and collective spiritualities for men in relation to the Sacred. As a result, men are challenged to work actively for the deconstruction of religious patriarchy with a view to the liberation of both men and women. Spiritual virism, in turn, defines the methodology employed throughout the thesis. It is a critical analytical methodology drawn from the disciplines of academic spirituality and feminist theory. It entails the deconstruction of life-denying forms of patriarchal religious attitudes and the construction of more life-giving forms of spirituality. As experience is central in both spiritual and feminist research, personal texts, involving my own spiritual experience expressed in my paintings and in autobiographical commentaries on them, are the prime starting points in this analysis. Discursive discourse, involving more abstract methodology, follows. The deconstruction of the traditional patriarchal understanding of the Sacred in Western Christianity is undertaken first. The construction of more life-giving images of the Sacred, drawn from parallel paradigms in feminist thealogy and earth-based religion, follows. The results are that men may find a positive re-imaging of the Sacred in non-gendered forms such as the Source or the Great Cycle of Life, or in gendered forms such as the god, radically reinterpreted, and especially in the feminine Sacred, the Goddess. Evolving contemporary perceptions of the place of the environment in spirituality, such as ecofeminism, deep ecology, the new science and ecotheology, are employed to help construct more positive spiritual practices for men with respect to nature, the earth and the cosmos. This follows a deconstruction of traditional patriarchal understandings of them within society and Western Christianity. Insights such as the Sacred embodied in the unfolding cosmos, in the living earth and in the web of all life, lead men to a more contemplative, less exploitative attitude to the world around them. Thirdly, having deconstructed the traditional patriarchal attitude of Western Christianity to the male body, the positive impact of contemporary embodiment theory and practice on a spirituality for men is sought. Implications are drawn from feminist understandings of the sacrality of the female body, from Christian embodiment theology and from the practices of body-honouring religions. A more body/earth-centred spirituality, which is non-dualistic and respects the sacredness of the body and sexuality, emerges. A unified spiritual framework draws together and integrates the positive insights of each of these studies. In seeking the application of this generic male spirituality to the Australian context, this framework is brought into dialogue with contemporary approaches to Australian spirituality. The result is a way of formulating an Australian men's spirituality from the perspective of An Australian Man in Search of an Embodied Spirituality, the title of my thesis. This spirituality is rooted in the land of Australia, where the body of the Australian man is seen as sacred and embodied within the sacred body of the Australian land. A sacred Australian mythos is explored to personalise this embodiment. This images the masculine Sacred, the god, as embodied within the man, who both move within the all-encompassing female Sacred, the Goddess, embodied within the land of Australia.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Theology
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Brentan, Marcelo Fernandes. "Do outro lado do altar : padres casados e militância católica." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8909.
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This research studies by Oral History of Life, recordkeeping and theoretical procedures of sociology of religion, the political actions of married priests and their wives from the Administrative Institute of Jesus the Good Shepherd (IAJES) in the context of the military dictatorship between 1970 and 1985, under influence of the Liberation`s Theology, and the operation of the base ecclesial communities (BECs), between its begginig and endind period (1969-1996) in the Alto Paraná region, in the cities of Andradina-SP and Três Lagoas-MS, organizing and constituting religious and politic militancy in the region and in Brazil in the past, and currently remains through branches as the Married Priests Movement of Brazil (MPC). For this we analyzed the organizational structure of IAJES and MPC, its operation and how do they positioned in front of the church`s symbolism in relation to married priests and their wifes. Thus, we analyze the break with clerical celibacy imposed by the priestly-traditional catholic power and its legitimation and distinctions in contemporary Brazil.
Esta dissertação aborda, por um lado, as ações políticas dos padres casados e suas esposas do Instituto Administrativo Jesus Bom Pastor (IAJES), no contexto da ditadura militar entre 1970 a 1985, sob influência da Teologia da Libertação e o funcionamento das comunidades eclesiais de base (CEBs), tendo o período de formação e término do Instituto (1969 a 1996) na região do Alto Paraná, nos municípios de Andradina-SP e Três Lagoas-MS. Por outro lado, o trabalho se volta para a condição de tais indivíduos atualmente, verificando os desdobramentos da militância religiosa e política na região e o desenvolvimento do Movimento de Padres Casados do Brasil (MPC). Para isso analisou-se a estrutura organizacional do IAJES e do MPC, seu funcionamento e como se posiciona diante da simbologia da igreja em relação aos padres casados e suas esposas. O trabalho decorre da análise do rompimento de indivíduos com o celibato clerical e suas formas contemporâneas de legitimação.
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Anderson, Jane Estelle. "Public dignity, private turmoil: an anthropological study of celibacy and sexual intimacy in the Roman Catholic Priesthood." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/300.
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In the Roman Catholic Church, membership of the priesthood is confined to males who are canonically required to observe perpetual continence in celibacy. This requisite is upheld by the belief that priests mediate between God and mankind and that their “supernatural” status, reflected in celibacy, transcends the profane “natural” category of being, epitomized by sexual intimacy. Significant changes in the social and cultural contexts of the Church and the world, however, have seen increasing numbers of priests contesting this canon law from the perspective of their own, often contrary, experiences of celibacy and sexual intimacy. Calls for change have been strongly resisted by the papacy.From a perspective of social poetics, this study methodically investigates the rhetorics used by the papacy and priests with friends respectively to promote their interests in celibacy and sexual intimacy. The papacy puts forward a total and singular vision of celibacy. In contrast, priests with friends identify contradictions between the universalised vision of the papacy and their locally situated experiences, inclusive of their intimate relationships. In endeavouring to resolve these contradictions, these priests produce disjunctions that separate their rhetorics of word and deed from that of the papacy’s rhetoric.The rhetorics of the papacy and priests with friends are organized in a subset of rhetorics, namely, those that constitute faith and social order, position an individual in a social order, and radical change. Firstly, I examine how the hegemony of celibacy has been established and then eroded in ritual and in broader Catholic society. This erosion has resulted in an ideological struggle between the papacy and priests with friends. Secondly, I consider how the papacy and priests with friends construct and deconstruct morality, identity, and stereotypes within cultural intimacy. The papacy creates an abstract, universal and summarizing rhetoric of celibacy to uphold its total moral system. Priests with friends, however, construct a moral system that takes into account the complexities and contingencies of their lives and ministries. Thirdly, I examine how some of these priests use a rhetoric of radical change to promote their friendships in public. This analysis consequently indicates marked differences in each rhetorical emphasis, and shows how these disagreements produce social dissonance within the priesthood and the Church.
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MOREIRA, Wellington Coelho. "Historicidades e representações: celibato, conjugalidades e paternidades sacrílegas em Goiás." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2301.
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Previous issue date: 2010-10-06The families and sacrilegious paternities presents in a trustworthy manner in the history millennial of the Catholic church were done and in the formation of a Brazilian family model and native of Goiás. Such conjugalities and the originated sons of this relationship were titled by Church as illegitimate, because to the family's model were opposed instituted by the legislation that governs the Order Sacramentos and of the Marriage. The historiography, with base in the ecclesiastical documentation, reproduced the Church celibate assertive in their written, without pondering that the chaste prototype of priesthood was a representation created by the ecclesiastical institution, being this an act tax to the Latin clergy along its history. In Goiás, the priests constituted family and sons what didn t obey the codex of the celibacy. The association between priesthood and marriage did not constitute as a trammel to the exercise of the religious functions, but we effected as a problem for church, that wished to discipline the clergy and, consequently, the population, according to proposal promulgated by Trento's Council. The rules repetition and the insistence in frizzle the clergymen habits morality was a signal that this rule was hardly accomplished. The civil and ecclesiastical sources, mostly the ones that were produced by the priests, revealed the formation of an authentic family. The sacrilegious family little distinguished from the conjugal model promulgated by the council tridentine, except by the recognition absence granted by Church. Although I lacked you this prerogative, the society native of Goiás cohabited and backed naturally this heterodox family composition, because she was not determined by the law, but by the men priests and women humanity who took over within your everyday a possible family.
As famílias e paternidades sacrílegas se fizeram presentes de modo fidedigno na história milenar da Igreja Católica e na formação de um modelo familiar brasileiro e goiano. Tais conjugalidades e os filhos originados deste relacionamento foram titulados pela Igreja como ilegítimos, pois se opuseram ao modelo de família instituído pela legislação que rege os Sacramentos da Ordem e do Matrimônio. A historiografia, com base na documentação eclesiástica, reproduziu as assertivas celibatárias da Igreja em seus escritos, sem ponderar que o protótipo casto de sacerdócio foi uma representação criada pela instituição eclesiástica, sendo este um ato imposto ao clero latino ao longo de sua história. Em Goiás, os sacerdotes constituíram família e filhos à margem dos códices canônicos do celibato. A associação entre sacerdócio e matrimônio não se constituiu como um empecilho ao exercício das funções religiosas, mas se efetivou como um problema para a Igreja, que desejava disciplinar o clero e, conseqüentemente, a população, segundo a proposta promulgada pelo Concílio de Trento. A repetição das normas e a insistência em frizar a moralidade dos costumes dos clérigos foi um sinal de que esta regra dificilmente foi cumprida. As fontes civis e eclesiásticas, principalmente as que foram produzidas pelos sacerdotes, revelaram a formação de uma família autêntica. A família sacrílega pouco se distinguia do modelo conjugal promulgado pelo concílio tridentino, exceto pela ausência do reconhecimento outorgado pela Igreja. Embora lhe faltasse esta prerrogativa, a sociedade goiana conviveu e respaldou naturalmente esta composição familiar heterodoxa, pois ela não foi determinada pela lei, mas pela humanidade de homens/sacerdotes e mulheres que assumiram dentro de seu cotidiano uma família possível.
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Wretman, Josefine. "Inte alla män - men : En diskursanalys om incels som fenomen." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44224.
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Studiens syfte är att granska och utforska incels som fenomen genom att analysera dominerande diskurser och centrala komponenter på hemsidan incels.is. Studiens frågeställningar har uppkommit genom de främst dominerande och centrala diskurserna som upprätthålls på incels.is, vilka är: samhället, kön och feminism samt våld. Studiens teoretiska ramverk har utgått från en socialkonstruktivistisk diskursanalys med inspiration från den Foucauldianska diskursanalysen. Michél Foucaults begrepp makt, språk och kunskap har vidare använts för att undersöka maktaspekten och maktlösheten som uttrycks på incels.is. Begreppen har även använts i syfte att undersöka språkets betydelse och vad som är tillåtet att säga och inte samt vem som har tillåtelse att säga något. Vidare har Yvonne Hirdmans och Raewyn Connells teorier kring genussystemet och hegemonisk maskulinitet använts i syfte att undersöka maskulinitetsdiskursen, konstruktionen av kön samt våldsfrågan. Studien har genom en kvalitativ metod och netnografisk ansats använt diskursanalys för att analysera inlägg på hemsidan incels.is i syfte att belysa vilka dominerande diskurser som kan urskiljas. Empirin till studie är publicerade i citatform och har alla publicerats under mars månad 2021. Uppsatsens resultat har visat på att användarna på incels.is upplever att resten av världen är emot dem samt att de inte får plats i den socialistiska och feministiska världsbild som de beskriver. Användarna uttrycker vidare att det är feminismen och kvinnor som är skyldiga det upplevda förtryck som användarna upplever. Användarna uttrycker såväl stark misogyni, våld, hot om våld gentemot kvinnor genomgående i resultatet. Vidare visar även resultatet att det finns vissa mindre dominerande diskurser kring självhat, hat gentemot HBTQI-personer, rasism samt avvikande diskursen kring hur misogyni inte alltid är svaret vilka också belyses i resultatet.The purpose of the study is to examine and explore incels as a phenomenon by analyzing dominant discourses and key components on the website incels.is. The study's questions are developed through the mainly dominant and central discourses that are maintained on incels.is which are: society, gender and feminism and violence. The theoretical framework of the study has been based on a social constructivist discourse analysis with inspiration from the Foucauldian discourse analysis. Michél Foucault's theories about power, language and knowledge have been used further to examine the power aspect and powerlessness expressed on incels.is. The theories have also been used for the purpose of examining the meaning of language and what is allowed to say and not and who is allowed to say something. Furthermore, Yvonne Hirdman's and Raewyn Connell's theories about the gender system and hegemonic masculinity have been used in order to explore the discourse of masculinity, the construction of gender and the issue of violence. Through a qualitative method and netnographic approach, the study has used discourse analysis to analyse posts on the website incels.is in order to shed light on which dominant discourses can be distinguished. The empirical data for the study is presented citation form and were all published during the month of March 2021. The results of the essay have shown that the users on incels.is feel that the rest of the world is against them and that they do not fit into the socialist and feminist worldview they describe. The users further express that it is feminism and women who are guilty of the perceived oppression that the users experience. Users express strong misogyny, violence, threats of violence against women throughout the result. Furthermore, the results also show that there are some less dominant discourses about self-hatred, hatred towards LGBTQI people, racism as well as the divergent discourse about how misogyny is not always the answer, which is also highlighted in the results.
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Freestone, Hazel Anne. "The priest's wife in the Anglo-Norman realm, 1050-1150." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/274142.
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This thesis is a prosopographical study of the wives of the clergy in England and Normandy from 1050 to 1150. After the Norman Conquest of England (1066), both regions shared an elite ruling class and the churches shared personnel. However, the different social and political contexts of the English and Norman churches ensured very different responses to the drive to impose clerical celibacy. The overwhelming majority of women associated with clergy can be considered wives; there is no evidence of widespread clerical concubinage. Where women can be identified, it could be inferred that wives came from similar social groups as their husbands. All evidence suggests that clergymen’s marriages remained valid and their children were not made illegitimate by the decretals of the First Lateran Council (1123) or Second Lateran Council (1139) as current scholarship assumes. Clergymen continued to marry because clerical marriage remained the norm. Daughters continued to find appropriate marriages. The position of priests’ sons deteriorated overall, but the difficulties they faced varied from place to place and over time. Married clergy remained a significant presence, at every grade from bishop to parish priest throughout the first hundred years of reform on both sides of the Channel. Clerical celibacy was a divisive issue before 1100 in Normandy, but was never as important in England. Married clergy in England do not appear to have suffered the same degree of pressure as married clergy in Normandy. The effect of the Norman Conquest is an underestimated factor in modern scholarship on clerical celibacy. Overall, the modern narrative of clerical celibacy and priestly marriage needs to be grounded in the political and social context of each region, traced over time and reframed in order to reflect the lived experience of priests, their wives and their families.
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Bachechi, Kimberly N. "The Pure, the Pious and the Preyed Upon; A Celebration of Celibacy and the Erasure of Young Women's Sexual Agency." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/631.
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Thesis advisor: Zine MagubaneUsing content analysis of the three largest United States Newsweeklies this thesis explores representations of young women's sexuality during the early 2000's. While popular culture during this period is focused on "Girls Gone Wild" causing widespread feminist concern over the "third wave's" definition of a feminist sexuality, no young women with sexual agency are presented in the magazines. Instead the women presented, who are overwhelmingly white, are either too pure to posses any information regarding sexual activities, engaged in sexual activities that they are coerced or forced into, or are celibate. The combination of these discourses expose a narrative of female empowerment through chastity that mirrors the Victorian-era ideals of white womanhood. Using post-colonial theory the thesis argues that this representation, combined with the erasure of all other alternatives is indicative of a identity crisis within the collective United Sates conscious
Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Sociology
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Lindström, Stina. ""Femoids are evil" : En netnografisk studie om incels språkliga praktik." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43554.
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The purpose of the study is to investigate discourses on gender and exclusion constructed in texts written on an internet forum by the group incels, and then to see if and if so how these could contribute to exclusion. The study's questions are centered on how constructions of gender are made visible and maintained, and how exclusion is made visible in the text. The empiric consists of collected threads from an incels forum which is then analyzed on the basis of a theoretical framework based on Butler's theory of gender, as well as in Fairclough's critical discourse analysis. The study is thus based on a text-oriented qualitative approach. The result has highlighted the linguistic practice found on the forum and thereby identified which dominant discourses that sets the framework for what may and may not be said. The texts have shown that these discourses are seldom challenged, whereupon the production of text consistently maintains constructions of, for example, gender. An analysis of the empirics has revealed that the texts consistently express patriarchal structures that position men as superior to women. It has also emerged that men and women are constructed on the basis of the heterosexual matrix and the texts have demonstrated a linguistic practice that constructs and demonizes women. The analysis has also shown a paradox in that the texts express an aspiration for a hierarchy based on the heterosexual matrix, while the users on the forum at the same time position themselves as victims of the ideals of masculinity. The result has thus identified a common protest against the ideal of hegemonic masculinity, while discursive practice produces texts that seek to pursue and achieve such an ideal - which thus becomes a paradox in itself. Overall, the results have identified discourses that dominate the forum and found that these are characterized by a linguistic practice based on misogyny, heteronormativity and incels as victims of modern feminism.Syftet med studien är att undersöka diskurser kring kön och utanförskap i texter skrivna på ett internetforum av gruppen incels för att sedan se om och i så fall hur dessa skulle kunna vara bidragande till ett upplevt utanförskap. Studiens frågeställningar centreras kring hur konstruktioner av kön synliggörs och upprätthålls, samt hur utanförskap synliggörs i texten. Empirin består av insamlade trådar från ett incelsforum som sedan analyseras utifrån ett teoretiskt ramverk med utgångspunkt i Butlers teori om kön, samt i Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalys. Studien utgår således från en textorienterad kvalitativ ansats. Resultatet har belyst den språkliga praktik som återfinns på forumet och därigenom identifierat vilka dominerande diskurser som sätter ramarna för vad som får sägas och inte. Texterna har påvisat att dessa diskurser sällan utmanas, varpå produktionen av text genomgående upprätthåller och vidmakthåller konstruktioner av exempelvis kön. Vid analys av empirin har det framkommit att texterna genomgående ger uttryck för en patriarkal struktur som positionerar män överordnade kvinnor. Det har även framkommit att män och kvinnor konstrueras utifrån den heterosexuella matrisen och texterna har påvisat en språklig praktik som konstruerar och demoniserar kvinnor. Analysen har även påvisat en paradox i att texterna ger uttryck för en strävan efter en hierarki utifrån den heterosexuella matrisen, samtidigt som användarna på forumet positionerar sig som offer för de maskulinitetsideal som premieras. Empirin har således identifierat en gemensam protest mot idealet kring hegemonisk maskulinitet, samtidigt som den diskursiva praktiken producerar texter som försöker eftersträva och uppnå ett sådant ideal – vilket således blir en paradox i sig. Sammantaget har resultatet identifierat diskurser som dominerar på forumet och konstaterat att dessa präglas av en språklig praktik som bygger på kvinnohat, heteronormativitet och incels som offer för den moderna feminismen.
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Kiyan, Ana Maria Mezzarana. "A identidade do sacerdote católico- Um estudo sobre o celibato e a política de identidade da Igreja Católica." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2005. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17387.
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Previous issue date: 2005-06-28Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The present research is aimed to analyze the metamorphosis in identity (Ciampa, 1996) of the priests who belong to the Roman Apostolic Catholic Church, by giving a special consideration to the celibacy as a meaningful element in the identity policy (Ciampa, 2002) of the institution concerning its clergy, both from the discipline and dogma point of views, all with a social psychology approach. Although the major concern of the research is to talk over the present situation, understanding the process that has set the ecclesiastic celibacy along Catholic Church history is necessary. Thus, the set up of celibacy will be mentioned only to clarify the way it works. Hence, it is a study with no theological basis. The research procedures were contextualized surveys on the historical/social aspects where the situation develops as well as a collection and further analysis of interviews carried out with priests and/or former priests who were for and against the practice of celibacy, with their lives later analyzed under a social psychology approach.
A presente pesquisa, na perspectiva da Psicologia Social, pretende analisar a questão das metamorfoses identitárias (Ciampa, 1996) de sacerdotes da Igreja Católica Apostólica Romana, focalizando especialmente o celibato como um elemento relevante da política de identidade (Ciampa, 2002) dessa instituição em relação ao seu clero, seja do ponto de vista disciplinar, seja dogmático. Embora a preocupação principal da pesquisa seja discutir a situação atual da questão, torna-se necessário compreender o processo de instituição do celibato eclesiástico ao longo da história da Igreja Católica. Assim, a instauração do celibato será mencionada apenas no que se refere à necessidade da compreensão mais ampla dos mecanismos de seu funcionamento. Não se trata portanto de um estudo de base teológica. Os procedimentos da pesquisa consistem num levantamento contextual dos aspectos históricos sociais nos quais se desenrola a questão e também na coleta e análise de entrevistas de padres e/ou ex-padres favoráveis e contrários à prática celibatária e posterior análise das histórias de vida à luz da Psicologia Social.
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Green, Sarah. "Sexual continence in the late nineteenth-century aesthetic tradition : Walter Pater, Lionel Johnson, Vernon Lee, George Moore." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:52bd3fc9-9ebd-4b59-bba2-31019f923106.
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This thesis contends that the idea of productive sexual continence - that is, abstinence from sexual activity understood as a constructive practice - significantly shaped a branch of thought within and around the British Aesthetic Movement of the late nineteenth century. Recent critical work has stressed sexual liberation or permissiveness as among the values of Aestheticism, and has read Aesthetic representations of continent states as indications of repressed, sublimated, or coded sexuality. Reading these representations through period-specific sexual discourses, I reveal an alternative discursive tradition within Aestheticism, in which the idea of productive sexual continence formed an important part of thinking about the 'aesthetic life', or the life lived according to aesthetic principles. The enquiry privileges the place of sexual ideas and values in the context of the intellectual culture of the Aesthetic Movement, and of the late-Victorian period generally, rather than focusing (as much scholarship has done) upon the writers' 'real-life' sexual behaviour, desires or identities. Sexual continence was often understood in the period as conducive both to individual health and happiness, and to one's relationship with society. At a time when Aesthetic writers were often accused of endorsing excessive individualism and excessive sensuality, this idea facilitated the elaboration of an aesthetic ethic that could incorporate intense sensuous (but not sensual) pleasure and also responsible sociability. After an Introduction that outlines the scope and method of the thesis, Chapter One illustrates the ubiquity of this idea in medical writing (professional and popular) about the sexual body in the period, and within Classical and Christian intellectual discourses commonly drawn upon by Aesthetic authors. Four chapters follow in which roughly the same idea is shown to take a central role in representations of the 'aesthetic life' in the work of four major writers. Chapter Two posits that there were broadly two traditions of reading Walter Pater in the late nineteenth century: one in which he was taken as an apologist for a radical sensual individualism, and another that emphasized his advocacy of restraint and reserve as both stylistic and ethical principles. Informed by early readings in this latter tradition, I demonstrate the plausibility of an interpretation of Pater as carefully distinguishing between aesthetic sensuousness and sensuality. Pater also, I argue, can viably be read as assessing the ideal aesthetic life in terms of health and love, and representing sexual continence as compatible with both. Chapter Three looks at Lionel Johnson's incorporation of this continent ideal into his Christianized cultural humanism, evolved in his letters, poetry, and criticism. In the poetry resistance to temptation is described as a process by which potentially sensual experience is made safely sensuous, while in the letters and criticism can be found admiration for various continent states that reconcile individual aesthetic experience with social responsibility. In Chapter Four, the pre-1900 essays of Vernon Lee are shown to be consistently anti-sensual, while distinguishing this sensuality from a kind of continent sense experience identified as aesthetic, and associated with Pater. Lee also uses this aesthetic sensuousness as a model for ideal - i.e. disinterested and respectful - relations between people, and between people and things. Chapter Five examines the co-existence of this discourse with other, contradictory models of aesthetic living in the work of George Moore. Moore was generally pro-sensual, and considered 'sex' (in the abstract) to be integral to art; but he also associated the production of art with continent states. An alternative, sexually continent Paterian tradition can, I argue, help to account for these discordant moments. A Conclusion briefly indicates the further relevance of such thinking beyond the bounds of the Aesthetic Movement.
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Nelson, Mikaela, and Julia Andersson. "TO EVERY WOMAN WHO IS READING THIS: FEEL FEAR : En netnografisk studie av forumet incels.is." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Kriminologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36648.
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Incels designate a group of men who live in a state of involuntary celibacy due to their,according to them, appearance wise disadvantage in comparison to the ideal man. In recentyears a number of deadly violent attacks have been carried out by incels for the incel cause,whereupon the incel phenomenon has received increasing attention. The aim of this study isto analyze the worldview of incels, and how an online-climate that's characterized byglorification of violence and hatred against women in the worst case can motivate individualincels to commit violent attacks. Netnography is the method of choice in this study and hasbeen used to collect material from the biggest incel forum at the moment; incels.is. Aqualitative content analysis was applied on the material to code it. The results identified astrong community that’s been formed around the incels alternative perception of the world,which encourages violence, misogyny and anti-feminist views and opinions.Incel, en sammanskrivning av engelskans involuntary och celibate, är en benämning på demän som lever i ofrivilligt celibat till följd av vad de anser ett utseendemässigt underlägejämfört med idealmannen. Under de senaste åren har incels begått ett antal dödligavåldsattacker varpå fenomenet blivit allt mer uppmärksammat. Syftet med studien är attundersöka den världsbild incels besitter, samt hur det våldsglorifierande ochkvinnoföraktande klimat på internetforum i värsta fall kan leda till att enskilda incels begårvåldsattentat. Studien har en netnografisk ansats som riktats mot det inhämtade materialet iform av trådstarter och inlägg från forumet incels.is, vilket identifierats som den störstaincelforumet. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys har i sin tur applicerats på materialet för attsortera detta. Resultatet kom att visa att det råder en alternativ uppfattning av omvärldeninom incelkulturen, kring vilken en stark gemenskap bildats, som i sin tur uppmanar tillvåldsdåd, kvinnohat och antifeministiska åsikter.
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Santos, Nivalda Menezes. "O celibato pedagógico feminino em Sergipe nas três primeiras décadas do século XX : uma análise a partir da trajetória de Leonor Telles de Menezes." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2006. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4845.
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This paper has as objective to analyze and to understand the arguments used by Helvécio de Andrade e Rodrigues Dória in the three first decades of century XX to defend the feminine
pedagogical celibacy having as starting point the personal and professional trajectory of the celibate teacher Leonor Telles de Menezes. It considers the conceptions of Roger Chartier
about 'representation' and 'appropriation', of Pierre Bourdieu about field and 'social capital', of Nobert Elias about 'History' and 'Sociology', as well of Carla Simone Shamon about
'trajectory' to facilitate the use of the consulted sources, such as: bibliographical, documental, iconographic and oral. It points the mentality of the time that many women of Sergipe can't marry if they wanted to become teachers because the social pressure. The current idea was that the marriage could compromise the good course of the schools. Finally, it shows the lack of studies on teachers that, like Leonor, gave excellent services to the education of the State, although its names to remain only in the memory of relatives, friends and former-pupils.Este texto tem como objetivos analisar e compreender os argumentos utilizados por Helvécio de Andrade e Rodrigues Dória nas três primeiras décadas do século XX, em favor do celibato pedagógico feminino, a partir da trajetória pessoal e profissional da professora celibatária Leonor Telles de Menezes. Considera as concepções de Roger Chartier sobre representação' e apropriação , as de Pierre Bourdieu sobre campo e capital social , as de Norbert Elias sobre História e Sociologia , assim como a de Carla Simone Chamon sobre trajetória , a fim de facilitar o trato com as fontes consultadas, tais como: as bibliográficas, documentais, iconográficas e orais. Aponta a mentalidade da época em que muitas sergipanas foram pressionadas para não casar, se desejassem ingressar no magistério a fim de não comprometerem o bom andamento das escolas. Termina por mostrar a carência de estudos sobre as professoras, que como Leonor, prestou relevantes serviços à educação do Estado, mas seus nomes continuam apenas na memória de parentes, amigos e ex-alunos.
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Abdellaoui, Fouzia. "La célibataire marocaine : la bayra. Approche ethnologique." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30078.
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Cette thèse propose de rendre compte des procédés d’intégration des femmes pour l’acquisition d’un statut de femme reconnue. La première partie de cette recherche analyse le contexte socio culturel et religieux afin de déterminer la manière dont le célibat fut considérée et appréhendé dans la société traditionnelle marocaine. A partir de ce constat, nous précisons la place de la vieille fille nommée « bayra » et la manière dont se structurait sa place dans la société marocaine. La deuxième partie s’attache à rendre compte de l’évolution du statut des femmes dites vieilles filles aujourd’hui. Après avoir décrit les représentations sociales dont cette figure féminine fait l’objet aujourd’hui, nous analysons les procédés d’intégration utilisés par ces femmes pour transformer leur image et leur statut. L’examen de nos matériaux permet d’entrevoir que l’emploi et le salaire s’avèrent déterminant dans l’acquisition de rôles et de fonctions historiquement détenus par les hommes. Ils participent donc à la remise en cause de normes et de valeurs dans l’espace domestique. Au contraire, l’analyse de certains matériaux montre que les normes liées à la préservation de l’image de femmes vertueuses demeurent intactes. L’évolution vers un statut reconnu mais qui ne transgresse pas en apparence les normes sociales implique la mise en place de stratégies destinées à paraître en phase avec les valeurs et les normes sociales. Ici, se pose dès lors la problématique de la rupture de ces femmes avec un modèle culturel qui les confine toujours aux rôles d’épouses et de mèresThis thesis proposes to account for the processes of integration of women to acquire a recognized status as a woman. The first part of this research examines the socio cultural and religious context to determine how celibacy was seen and understood in traditional Moroccan society. From this observation, we specify the place of the old girl named « bayra » and the way in which structured his place in Moroccan society. The second part attempts to account for the changing status of women say old maids now. After describing the social representations that this female figure is the subject today, we analyze the integration processes used by women to transform their image and status. The review of our materials can foresee that employment and wages proved decisive in the acquisition of roles and functions historically held by men. They therefore participate in the questioning of norms and values in the domestic space. In contrast, analysis of certain materials shows that the standards related to the preservation of the image of virtuous women remain intact. The move towards a recognized status but do not transgress social norms apparently involves the development of strategies to be published in line with the values and social norms. Here then arises the problem of the breakdown of these women with a cultural model that confines them to still roles as wives and mothers
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Power, Georja Jane, and res cand@acu edu au. "Organizational, Professional and Personal Roles in an Era of Change: the Case of the Catholic clergy." Australian Catholic University. School of Psychology, 2003. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp39.29082005.
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The effects of transformations in the cultural context on the structures of the Catholic organization and consequently on the identity and role of priests is explored in this research. The way these transformations affect clergy relationships with the church, diocesan authorities and parishioners, and ultimately the psychological wellbeing of priests, are investigated in the light of recent research and literature. Quantitative and qualitative data from the Catholic Church Life Surveys (CCLS) of 1996 and 2001 is analyzed, together with qualitative data generated through semi-structured interviews. The theoretical underpinning for the interpretation of changing clerical identity and roles and the relationship dynamics is personality theory, including a neoanalytic model (Horney, 1950), and a psychodynamic approach using an iconic reading of Freud (Cozzens, 2000). Social identity theory (Haslam, 2001), and Fowler’s (1996) theory of faith development also contribute to the theoretical framework. The NEO-FFI personality factors (Costa & McCrae, 1992) are used as covariates throughout the analysis. Four major themes are addressed in this research. First, ambiguities in the identity and role of clergy brought about through structural changes in the organization following the Second Vatican Council. Second, cultural changes which challenged the institutional hierarchical structure of the church and some of its theological and ecclesiological positions. Third, the contribution to satisfaction with ministry and personal wellbeing made by priests’ relationships with the organization, diocesan authorities, and parishioners, as well as intimacy with colleagues and friends. Finally, the impact of psychodynamic factors on the spiritual and psychological dimensions of priestly life. It was found that although the sacramental role of priests remains largely intact, their identity as religious and spiritual leaders is under challenge through greater participation in parish life by educated and theologically trained lay people. It is argued that the competence to appropriately express leadership, preach meaningful homilies and promote spiritual growth in parishioners rests on the attainment of mature psychological development and continued faith and spiritual formation. Analysis of personality factors showed that sound organizational and structural supports are needed to assist priests in their personal and professional lives. Over half the priests in the present study were found to be vulnerable to emotional and psychological distress, while others had strong resources to cope with increased ambiguity and complexity in ministry. A review of literature suggests that cultural changes over the last 30 years compound the effects of Vatican II, particularly the patriarchal hierarchical structure of the organisation and teachings on sexual morality that are under pressure from changing attitudes by both clergy and laity. Quantitative and qualitative analyses showed that there is little support by priests for the obligation of celibacy, the successful attainment of which demands a high level of mature psychosexual development. It was argued that without a strong clerical commitment to celibacy, education and training programs currently being implemented in seminaries would be largely ineffectual. Key factors impacting on the relationships of priests with parishioners were found to be first, a decline in the authority of priests, second, the revelations of sexual abuse by priests, and third, the difficulty numbers of clergy have with establishing and maintaining close, intimate relationships. The NEO-FFI factors Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Agreeableness were found to be significant predictors in the quality of relationships between priests and parishioners, with 30% of clergy experiencing difficulty in these relationships. It was argued that maturity in spiritual, psychological, and psychosexual development was found to impact significantly on clergy personal wellbeing and professional competence, which in turn contributes to satisfaction with ministry.
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Caro, Osorio Ernesto Maria. "La virginidad de Maria: virginidad por el Reino: exploracion complexiva del ambiente socio-cultural-religioso de Jose y Maria previo a la Anunciacion y de su motivacion hacia un matrimonio celibatario." IMRI - Marian Library / OhioLINK, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=udmarian1430304227.
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Bibeau, Gabrielle K. "The Spouse of Christ in the Hereafter: A Historical Exploration of Nuptial Imagery and the Eschatology of Celibate Chastity in Religious Life." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1565557401800574.
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Gros, Frédérique. "Lien entre satisfaction professionnelle et interface travail-famille chez des marins en situation de célibat géographique." Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0004/document.
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Cette recherche s’intéresse au vécu des célibataires géographiques dans la marine nationale. Le but de ce travail est, d’une part, de comprendre leur ressenti de l’interface travail-famille et de la satisfaction professionnelle et, d’autre part, d’analyse le lien entre ces deux variables et la relation qu’elles entretiennent avec le turnover volontaire. Nous faisions l’hypothèse que les célibataires géographiques ressentiraient davantage de conflit travail-famille et d’insatisfaction professionnelle que les marins qui n’étaient pas dans cette situation. De plus, la satisfaction professionnelle a été envisagée comme un antécédent du vécu de l’interface travail-famille. Finalement, nous faisions l’hypothèse que le lien entre satisfaction et interface travail-famille aurait une répercussion sur le turnover volontaire. Pour tester ces différentes hypothèses, une étude qualitative et trois études quantitatives ont été réalisées sur 5 787 marins. Il existe bien des différences entre célibataires géographiques et non célibataires géographiques. De plus, la satisfaction professionnelle réduit l’apparition du conflit et augmente l’enrichissement. Indépendamment de la situation maritale, l’insatisfaction professionnelle et le conflit travail-famille augmentent le risque de turnover volontaire chez les marins. Le lien entre insatisfaction et départ volontaire est médié par le conflit travail-familleThis research studies the experience of geographical celibacy in French Navy. The aim of this study is, on the one hand, to understand their perception of work-family conflict and enrichment and job satisfaction, and, on the other hand, to analyze the link between these two variables and the relationship they have with voluntary turnover. We hypothesized that geographical celibates feel more work-family conflict et job dissatisfaction than sailors that weren’t in that situation. Moreover, job satisfaction was considered as an antecedent of the experience of work-family interface. Finally, we hypothesized that the link between satisfaction and work-family interface would cause voluntary turnover. To test these different hypotheses, one qualitative and three quantitative studies were realized on 5 787 sailors. There are differences between geographical celibates and non-geographical celibates. In addition, job satisfaction reduces the appearance of conflict and increases enrichment. Independently of marital situation, job dissatisfaction and work-family conflict raise the risk of voluntary turnover of the sailor. The link between job dissatisfaction and voluntary turnover is mediated by work-family conflict
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Doria, Alessandra. "« Un oggetto considerabile di mondana politica » : Celibato del clero e critica illuminista in Europa nel XVIII secolo." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3014/document.
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L'obligation de célibat imposée aux ecclésiastiques catholiques fait l'objet de discussions depuis le début de l'église chrétienne, mais au cours du XVIIIe siècle, elle est de plus en plus considéré d'un point de vue politique plutôt que théologique. Le but de cette thèse est de reconstruire la naissance, le développement et la diffusion en Europe de la nouvelle perspective - laïque et séculière - d'envisager l'interdiction au clergé de se marier, née de la «crise de la conscience européenne" et sous l'impulsion des Lumières radicales. Grâce à l'analyse et l'étude de la littérature philosophique et politique européenne, cette thèse reconstruit le débat sur le célibat ecclésiastique dès la fin du XVIIe siècle et jusqu'à la Révolution française, lorsque la laïcisation du mariage permit aux ecclésiastiques, hommes et femmes, de se marier. Cette approche a permis de rendre compte de la complexité d'une question qui sous-tend le problème des rapports entre l'état et l'église, et de l'articulation des différentes positions critiques et orientations idéologiques : de la critique des Lumières radicales à la critique modérée, de l'approche d'observateurs ecclésiastiques intérieurs - clercs et experts en droit canon - qui proposent des prudentes réformes du célibat, à la fermeture complète des conservateurs. Les accusations portées par les révolutionnaires à la chasteté et au célibat, la question de «mariage des prêtres» et la plupart des critiques qui recouvrent encore le célibat ecclésiastique ont leurs racines dans le débat du XVIIIe siècle et dans l'émancipation du regard critique avec lequel les Lumières radicales ont prirent à considérer l'église et ses règlesMandatory clerical celibacy for all clergy within catholic countries has been discussed since the beginning of the Christian church. During the eighteenth century, it was increasingly taken into consideration from a political rather than strictly theological point of view. The purpose of this thesis is to reconstruct the creation, development and dissemination in Europe of a new way - secular and lay – of considering the obligation of the clergy to be unmarried that arose from the "crisis of the European conscience" and developed thanks to radical Enlightenment.Through the analysis and study of philosophical and political literature, this thesis reconstructs the debate on clerical celibacy which arose within the European Republic of Letters from the late seventeenth century up until the French Revolution, when the secularization of marriage allowed secular and regular clergy, women and men to get married. This approach has made it possible to account for the complexity of a debate that underlies the problem of the relationship between church and state and the articulation of the different ideological positions: from radical to moderate criticism; from the approach of observers inside the church – clerics or experts in canon law - who proposed cautious reforms to the complete refusal of the conservatives.The accusations levelled against chastity and celibacy by revolutionaries, the issue concerning "married priests" and many criticisms that still invest ecclesiastical celibacy have their roots in the eighteenth-century debate and the secular emancipation of the critical perspective from which radical Enlightenment started to consider the church and its rules
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Jurkewicz, Regina Soares. "Violência Clerical: abuso sexual de mulheres por padres no Brasil." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2012.
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This thesis examines sexual abuse and violence against women by priests. Using public complaints made in Brazil between 1994 and 2000 as an empirical base, it details 203 articles related to 21 cases of sexual misconduct by clergymen, including sexual abuse, rape, and the violation of vows of celibacy. These articles were grouped to create a dossier on each of the cases and numbered sequentially. Brazil´s most important media sources were consulted, including online news sites and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) across the country. Two representative cases were chosen and studied in depth. Interviews were conducted with plaintiffs, witnesses, members of the Church hierarchy, and attorneys involved in the cases, preserving the anonymity of all interviewees. Utilizing a sociological perspective, the analysis explores the mechanisms by which the Catholic Church attempts to cover up such cases. Showing the specificities of the violence perpetrated against women by priests, the study points toward the existence of structural causes of this violence and their different manifestations, examining them through the lens of feminist theory. The study suggests that a specific analytic category should be developed in order to better comprehend this particular type of violence against women. The term clerical violence is proposed for describing this type of violence, whose structural aspects include gender asymmetries, the separation between clergy and lay members, patriarchal discourse, the sexualization of ministerial relations and the force of symbolic violence. The work of Pierre Bourdieu is useful in understanding religion as a symbolic system that endows the priest with sacred power. Given that the causes of clerical violence are mainly structural, likewise, structural solutions are needed in addressing the issue
Esta tese tem por objeto, relações de abuso e violência sexual de padres contra mulheres. O campo empírico delimita-se às denúncias públicas feitas no Brasil entre os anos 1994 e 2002. Foram mapeadas 203 matérias sobre 21 casos de má conduta sexual de religiosos, abuso sexual, estupro e infração dos votos de celibato. Essas matérias foram agrupadas de modo a compor um dossiê de cada um dos casos noticiados, numerados sequencialmente. Para realizar esta pesquisa foram consultados os veículos de mídia mais significativos do país, sítios de agências de notícias e ongs atuantes em todo o território nacional. Dois casos paradigmáticos foram selecionados e estudados em profundidade. Realizou-se entrevistas com denunciantes, testemunhas, membros da hierarquia, e advogados/as envolvidos/as no caso. Preservou-se o anonimato de todos/as os/as entrevistados/as. A análise feita, desde uma perspectiva sociológica, evidencia os mecanismos existentes na Igreja Católica para o ocultamento dos casos denunciados, estuda as especificidades da violência perpetrada por padres contra mulheres e aponta as causas estruturais dessa violência. Recorrendo às teorias feministas, são abordados os fatores causais da violência contra as mulheres e suas diferentes manifestações. O contato com essa bibliografia e o tratamento dos dados sugere a necessidade da elaboração de uma categoria específica que ofereça elementos para a análise da violência praticada por autoridades eclesiásticas contra mulheres. Trabalha-se os aspectos estruturais que constituem essa categoria, denominando-a violência clerical. Tais aspectos referem-se às assimetrias de gênero, à separação entre clero e laicato, ao discurso religioso patriarcal, à sexualização das relações ministeriais e à força da violência simbólica. O pensamento de Bourdieu ajuda na compreensão da religião enquanto sistema simbólico que reveste a figura do padre de um poder sagrado. Uma vez que as causas da violência clerical são principalmente de origem estrutural, entende-se a necessidade de buscar soluções estruturais no enfrentamento da questão
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Barla, Androniki. "L'obligation canonique du célibat des ministres, vers 380 en Occident et en Orient : comparaison entre les traditions orientales et occidentales." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAK016/document.
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La thèse présente est une étude canonique traitant la question de l’obligation canonique du célibat des ministres vers l’an 380 en Occident et en Orient. De fait, une comparaison entre les Traditions orientales et occidentales est effectuée. La recherche est centralisée sur l’interprétation de la péricope 1 Cor. 7, 1-9 de l’Apôtre Paul, qui fut interprétée inexactement par les papes et influença beaucoup la teneur de leurs Décrétales. Puis une analyse est faite de tous les canons orientaux du IVe siècle par les Conciles particuliers et le Concile œcuménique de Nicée comme aussi des lettres canoniques des Pères grecs. Ce matériel est une partie du droit canonique oriental. Les Conciles sont divisés en deux parties, avant et après le 380. Ensuite une approche canonique des décisions conciliaires occidentales est réalisée à travers les Conciles particuliers du IVe siècle. Ces canons présentent la première imposition de l’obligation canonique du célibat au niveau local. L’étude continue à analyser le contenu des Décrétales des trois papes : Damase, Sirice et Innocent I, qui imposent le célibat après 380, d’une manière officielle et au niveau universel en utilisant l’autorité (auctoritas) et le pouvoir (potestas) du Siège de RomeThis thesis is a canonical study which treats the question of the canonical obligation of the celibacy of priests in 380 in West and at East. It is a comparison between the eastern and western Tradition. The Research is using as important basis the extract of 1 Cor. 7, 1-9 from Apostle Paul’s Letter. This extract was misunderstood by the popes and influenced a lot their Decrees. It has been done an analysis of all the oriental canons of 4th century of the First Ecumenical Council, of the local Councils and also of the canonical Letters of the Holy Fathers. This material is a part of the eastern canon law. The Councils are devised in two parts, before and after 380.In accordance to this there is a canonical approach to the decisions of the western councils, through the local Councils of the 4th century. Those canons present the first imposition of the canonical obligation of celibacy in a local level. The study continues by analysing the contest of the Decrees of three popes: Damasus, Siricius and Innocent I, who imposed the celibacy after 380 in an official way and in a universal level by using the authority (auctoritas) and the power (potestas) of the See of Rome
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Dumortier, Cindy-Sarah. "Le célibat ecclésiastique offensé au sein du clergé paroissial de la France septentrionale (XVIè début XIXè siècle)." Thesis, Lille 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL30027.
Full textAbstract:
Dans la problématique, désormais classique, s’efforçant de comprendre la situation religieuse de la France à l’époque moderne, la question des mentalités du personnel ecclésiastique apparaît comme essentielle. En effet, les membres du clergé paroissial soudent la relation des fidèles avec l’Église et Dieu et sont astreints à respecter un idéal de perfection. Néanmoins, de nombreux hommes de Dieu sont avant tout des hommes et n’hésitent pas alors à renier leurs vœux de chasteté et de célibat, à prendre compagne et à se comporter comme de simples laïcs. Ces comportements jugés scandaleux, par les autorités ecclésiastiques, reflètent combien la réalité s’éloigne de la législation synodale, mais aussi de l’attente des paroissiens ; il est donc essentiel de déchiffrer ces actes par rapport à l’attitude définie par les autorités religieuses mais aussi d’établir des comparaisons afin de rendre compte des diverses entorses à la chasteté commises.Observer le clergé sous l’angle de sa conformité aux normes morales et judiciaires de son époque, considérer les ecclésiastiques avant tout comme des humains, des hommes capables de pulsions et de sentiments envers des êtres de chair dans une perspective à la fois diachronique et comparative, tel est l’objet de cette thèseIn the issue, now classic, striving to understand the religious situation of France in modern times, the question of church personnel mentalities seems essential. Indeed, members of the parish clergy weld the relationship of the faithful with the Church and God and are obliged to respect an ideal of perfection. Nevertheless, many men of God are above all men and then do not hesitate to renounce their vows of chastity and celibacy, to take mate and act as mere laymen. These behaviors deemed scandalous by the ecclesiastical authorities reflect that reality departs from the synodal legislation, but also the expectation of parishioners; so it is essential to decipher these acts against the attitude defined by religious authorities but also comparisons to reflect various sprains committed to chastity. Observe the clergy in terms of its conformity to legal and judicial standards of his time, consider the ecclesiastical foremost as human, men capable of impulses and feelings toward beings of flesh from the perspective of both diachronic and comparative such is the subject of this thesis