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Journal articles on the topic 'CDVS'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Mansouri, Sofiene, Yousef Alharbi, Anwar Alshrouf, and Abdulrahman Alqahtani. "Cardiovascular diseases diagnosis by impedance cardiography." Journal of Electrical Bioimpedance 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/joeb-2022-0013.

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Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the leading cause of mortality worldwide. In order to diagnose CVDs, there are a range of detection methods, among them, the impedance cardiography technique (ICG). It is a non-invasive and low-cost method. In this paper, we highlight recent advances and developments of the CDVs diagnosis mainly by the ICG method. We considered papers published during the last five years (from 2017 until 2022). Based on this study, we expressed the need for an ICG database for the different CDVs.
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2

Ehrmann, Svenja, Chih-Wei Chu, Shalini Kumari, Kim Silberreis, Christoph Böttcher, Jens Dernedde, Bart Jan Ravoo, and Rainer Haag. "A toolbox approach for multivalent presentation of ligand–receptor recognition on a supramolecular scaffold." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 6, no. 25 (2018): 4216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tb00922h.

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3

Rotllan, Noemi. "The Underlying Pathology of Atherosclerosis: Different Players." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 3235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063235.

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4

Duan, Ling-Yu, Vijay Chandrasekhar, Jie Chen, Jie Lin, Zhe Wang, Tiejun Huang, Bernd Girod, and Wen Gao. "Overview of the MPEG-CDVS Standard." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 25, no. 1 (January 2016): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2015.2500034.

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5

Inoue, Ken, Naohisa Yoshida, Reo Kobayashi, Yuri Tomita, Hikaru Hashimoto, Satoshi Sugino, Ryohei Hirose, et al. "The Efficacy of Tumor Characterization for Colorectal Lesions with Blue Light Imaging of a Compact Light-Emitting Diode Endoscopic System Compared to a Laser Endoscopic System: A Pilot Study." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2022 (April 12, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9998280.

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Background: A compact and cost-effective light source-processor combined 3-color light-emitting diode (LED) endoscopic system (ELUXEO-Lite: EP-6000, Fujifilm Co., Tokyo) with a magnified colonoscope (EC-6600ZP, Fujifilm Co.) has been released. Aims: In this study, we analyzed the efficacy of this system for colorectal tumor characterization with magnified blue light imaging (BLI-LED) and image’s subjective and objective evaluations, compared to a magnified blue laser imaging (BLI-LASER) using a standard LASER endoscopic system. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 37 lesions observed with both BLI-LED and BLI-LASER systems from 2019 using the Japanese narrow band imaging classification. Two representative magnified images, one BLI-LED and one BLI-LASER, of the same area of a lesion were evaluated for diagnostic accuracy and visualization quality by three experts and three non-experts. Their color difference values (CDVs) and brightness values (BVs) were also calculated as objective indicators. Results: Among 37 lesions, mean tumor size was 18.9 ± 13.1 mm, and 21 lesions were nonpolypoid. Histopathology revealed 14 sessile serrated lesions, 7 adenomas, 12 high-grade dysplasias and T1a cancers, and 4 T1b cancers. The diagnostic accuracy rates of BLI-LED/BLI-LASER of experts and non-experts were 90.1% and 87.4% ( p = 0.52 ) and 89.2% and 89.2% ( p = 0.99 ). The percentages of instances where BLI-LED images were better, the two imaging types were equivalent, or BLI-LASER images were better were 16%/83%/1% for experts and 19%/58%/23% for non-experts ( p < 0.001 ). CDVs and BVs between BLI-LED and BLI-LASER were not significantly different (CDVs: p = 0.653 , BVs: p = 0.518 ). Conclusions: BLI-LED using the compact system was noninferior to BLI-LASER for colorectal tumor characterization and image quality.
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6

Vinall, P., and K. S. Wildi. "Current CDVs for cTn Produce Misdiagnosis of AMI." MD Conference Express 14, no. 42 (December 1, 2014): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155989771442009.

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7

Wang, Shuoyao, and Jeongsoo Yu. "A Bibliometric Research on Next-Generation Vehicles Using CiteSpace." Recycling 6, no. 1 (February 18, 2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling6010014.

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Next-generation vehicles (NGVs), which mainly refers to hybrid vehicles (HVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHVs), electric vehicles (EVs), fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs), and clean diesel vehicles (CDVs), are becoming more and more popular as the potential answer to decreasing fossil fuel consumption and CO2 emission from traffic sectors. Although the research on NGVs started in the 1990s, a systematic observation or summarization of the research on NGVs has not been performed yet. Thus, the current status, characteristics, latest trends, and issues of the research on NGVs have not been clarified yet. This research analyzed the research on NGVs recorded in the Web of Science published between 1990 to 2020 using CiteSpace, from a macro perspective. The results show that HVs and EVs are the crucial research objects in comparison with FCVs and CDVs. The research on NGVs was mainly performed by countries that own large vehicle makers or markets. However, it is noticeable that many developing countries have also started to study NGVs, which proves that NGVs have become popular globally. On the other hand, the research topics and categories of NGV study have always had a strong bias in favor of their function and technology development. Since NGVs have been sold for years in many countries already, there will be a considerable number of waste NGVs generated in the future, and so, future research should focus on recycling policies and/or recycling technology for NGVs to guarantee their sustainable development.
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8

Duan, Ling-Yu, Wei Sun, Xinfeng Zhang, Shiqi Wang, Jie Chen, Jianxiong Yin, Simon See, Tiejun Huang, Alex C. Kot, and Wen Gao. "Fast MPEG-CDVS Encoder With GPU-CPU Hybrid Computing." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 27, no. 5 (May 2018): 2201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2018.2794203.

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9

von Messling, Veronika, Gert Zimmer, Georg Herrler, Ludwig Haas, and Roberto Cattaneo. "The Hemagglutinin of Canine Distemper Virus Determines Tropism and Cytopathogenicity." Journal of Virology 75, no. 14 (July 15, 2001): 6418–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.14.6418-6427.2001.

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ABSTRACT Canine distemper virus (CDV) and measles virus (MV) cause severe illnesses in their respective hosts. The viruses display a characteristic cytopathic effect by forming syncytia in susceptible cells. For CDV, the proficiency of syncytium formation varies among different strains and correlates with the degree of viral attenuation. In this study, we examined the determinants for the differential fusogenicity of the wild-type CDV isolate 5804Han89 (CDV5804), the small- and large-plaque-forming variants of the CDV vaccine strain Onderstepoort (CDVOS and CDVOL, respectively), and the MV vaccine strain Edmonston B (MVEdm). The cotransfection of different combinations of fusion (F) and hemagglutinin (H) genes in Vero cells indicated that the H protein is the main determinant of fusion efficiency. To verify the significance of this observation in the viral context, a reverse genetic system to generate recombinant CDVs was established. This system is based on a plasmid containing the full-length antigenomic sequence of CDVOS. The coding regions of the H proteins of all CDV strains and MVEdm were introduced into the CDV and MV genetic backgrounds, and recombinant viruses rCDV-H5804, rCDV-HOL, rCDV-HEdm, rMV-H5804, rMV-HOL, and rMV-HOS were recovered. Thus, the H proteins of the two morbilliviruses are interchangeable and fully functional in a heterologous complex. This is in contrast with the glycoproteins of other members of the familyParamyxoviridae, which do not function efficiently with heterologous partners. The fusogenicity, growth characteristics, and tropism of the recombinant viruses were examined and compared with those of the parental strains. All these characteristics were found to be predominantly mediated by the H protein regardless of the viral backbone used.
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10

López-Martínez, Molina-Aiz, Valera-Martínez, López-Martínez, Peña-Fernández, and Espinoza-Ramos. "Application of Semi-Empirical Ventilation Models in A Mediterranean Greenhouse with Opposing Thermal and Wind Effects. Use of Non-Constant Cd (Pressure Drop Coefficient Through the Vents) and Cw (Wind Effect Coefficient)." Agronomy 9, no. 11 (November 10, 2019): 736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9110736.

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The present work analyses the natural ventilation of a multi-span greenhouse with one roof vent and two side vents by means of sonic anemometry. Opening the roof vent to windward, one side vent to leeward, and the other side vents to windward (this last vent obstructed by another greenhouse), causes opposing thermal GT (m3 s−1) and wind effects Gw (m3 s−1), as outside air entering the greenhouse through the roof vent circulates downward, contrary to natural convection due to the thermal effect. In our case, the ventilation rate RM (h−1) in a naturally ventilated greenhouse fits a second order polynomial with wind velocity uo (RM = 0.37 uo2 + 0.03 uo + 0.75; R2 = 0.99). The opposing wind and thermal effects mean that ventilation models based on Bernoulli’s equation must be modified in order to add or subtract their effects accordingly—Model 1, in which the flow is driven by the sum of two independent pressure fields GM1=GT2±Gw2, or Model 2, in which the flow is driven by the sum of two independent fluxes GM2=GT±Gw. A linear relationship has been obtained, which allows us to estimate the discharge coefficient of the side vents (CdVS) and roof vent (CdWR) as a function of uo [CdVS = 0.028 uo + 0.028 (R2 = 0.92); CdWR = 0.036 uo + 0.040 (R2 = 0.96)]. The wind effect coefficient Cw was determined by applying models M1 and M2 proved not to remain constant for the different experiments, but varied according to the ratio uo/∆Tio0.5 or δ [CwM1 = exp(-2.693 + 1.160/δ) (R2 = 0.94); CwM2 = exp(−2.128 + 1.264/δ) (R2 = 0.98)].
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11

Garbo, Alessandro, and Stefano Quer. "A Fast MPEG’s CDVS Implementation for GPU Featured in Mobile Devices." IEEE Access 6 (2018): 52027–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2870283.

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12

Fiandrotti, Attilio, Massimo Mattelliano, Enrico Baccaglini, and Paolo Vergori. "CDVSec: Privacy-preserving biometrical user authentication in the cloud with CDVS descriptors." Pattern Recognition Letters 113 (October 2018): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2017.03.024.

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13

Nelson, Lisa, Jo Moss, and Chris Oliver. "A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study of Affect in Children and Adults With Cornelia de Lange Syndrome." American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 119, no. 3 (May 1, 2014): 235–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-119.3.235.

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Abstract Studies of individuals with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) have described changes in mood and behavior with age, although no empirical or longitudinal studies have been conducted. Caregivers of individuals with CdLS (N = 67), cri du chat syndrome (CdCS; N = 42), and Fragile X syndrome (FXS; N = 142) completed the Mood, Interest and Pleasure Questionnaire (MIPQ) at Time 1 and 2 years later (Time 2). Scores on the MIPQ were significantly lower in the CdLS group compared with the CdCS and FXS groups at Time 1 and Time 2. Lower MIPQ scores were characteristic of older adolescents (&gt; 15 years) and adults with CdLS. However, there were no significant differences in MIPQ scores between Time 1 and Time 2. Age and insistence on sameness predicted MIPQ scores in CdLS.
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14

Moss, Joanna, Patricia Howlin, Richard Patrick Hastings, Sarah Beaumont, Gemma M. Griffith, Jane Petty, Penny Tunnicliffe, Rachel Yates, Darrelle Villa, and Chris Oliver. "Social Behavior and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Angelman, Cornelia de Lange, and Cri du Chat Syndromes." American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 118, no. 4 (July 1, 2013): 262–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-118.4.262.

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Abstract We evaluated autism spectrum disorder (ASD) characteristics and social behavior in Angelman (AS; n = 19; mean age = 10.35 years), Cornelia de Lange (CdLS; n = 15; mean age = 12.40 years), and Cri du Chat (CdCS, also known as 5 p-syndrome; n = 19; mean age = 8.80 years) syndromes. The proportion of individuals meeting the ASD cutoff on the Social Communication Questionnaire was significantly higher in the AS and CdLS groups than in the CdCS group (p &lt; .01). The groups demonstrated divergent social behavior profiles during social conditions in which adult availability, adult familiarity, and social demand were manipulated. Social enjoyment was significantly heightened in AS, whereas social approaches were heightened in individuals with CdCS. Social motivation, social communication, and enjoyment were significantly lower in CdLS. The findings highlight the importance of detailed observation when evaluating ASD and social behavior in genetic syndromes.
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15

Takenaka, Akiko, Hiroki Sato, Fusako Ikeda, Misako Yoneda, and Chieko Kai. "Infectious Progression of Canine Distemper Virus from Circulating Cerebrospinal Fluid into the Central Nervous System." Journal of Virology 90, no. 20 (August 3, 2016): 9285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01337-16.

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ABSTRACTIn the current study, we generated recombinant chimeric canine distemper viruses (CDVs) by replacing the hemagglutinin (H) and/or phosphoprotein (P) gene in an avirulent strain expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) with those of a mouse-adapted neurovirulent strain. Anin vitroexperimental infection indicated that the chimeric CDVs possessing the H gene derived from the mouse-adapted CDV acquired infectivity for neural cells. These cells lack the CDV receptors that have been identified to date (SLAM and nectin-4), indicating that the H protein defines infectivity in various cell lines. The recombinant viruses were administered intracerebrally to 1-week-old mice. Fatal neurological signs of disease were observed only with a recombinant CDV that possessed both the H and P genes of the mouse-adapted strain, similar to the parental mouse-adapted strain, suggesting that both genes are important to drive virulence of CDV in mice. Using this recombinant CDV, we traced the intracerebral propagation of CDV by detecting EGFP. Widespread infection was observed in the cerebral hemispheres and brainstems of the infected mice. In addition, EGFP fluorescence in the brain slices demonstrated a sequential infectious progression in the central nervous system: CDV primarily infected the neuroependymal cells lining the ventricular wall and the neurons of the hippocampus and cortex adjacent to the ventricle, and it then progressed to an extensive infection of the brain surface, followed by the parenchyma and cortex. In the hippocampal formation, CDV spread in a unidirectional retrograde pattern along neuronal processes in the hippocampal formation from the CA1 region to the CA3 region and the dentate gyrus. Our mouse model demonstrated that the main target cells of CDV are neurons in the acute phase and that the virus spreads via neuronal transmission pathways in the hippocampal formation.IMPORTANCECDV is the etiological agent of distemper in dogs and other carnivores, and in many respects, the pathogenesis of CDV infection in animals resembles that of measles virus infection in humans. We successfully generated a recombinant CDV containing the H and P genes from a mouse-adapted neurovirulent strain and expressing EGFP. The recombinant CDV exhibited severe neurovirulence with high mortality, comparable to the parental mouse-adapted strain. The mouse-infectious model could become a useful tool for analyzing CDV infection of the central nervous system subsequent to passing through the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and infectious progression in the target cells in acute disease.
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Shi, Zeqi, Xiangkui Tan, Yiwei Wang, Pengyu Lv, Yong Zou, Xia Wan, Kai Lv, Bingzhen Li, Huiling Duan, and Hongyuan Li. "Experimental Investigation of High Speed Cross-Domain Vehicles with Hydrofoil." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2023): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11010152.

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Unmanned equipment, such as unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) and unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), are widely used in marine science for underwater observation, rescue, military purposes, etc. However, current vehicles are not applicable in complex cross-domain scenarios, because they can only perform well in either surface navigation or underwater diving. This paper deals with the design and fabrication of a cross-domain vehicle (CDV) with four hydrofoils that can both navigate at high speed on the surface, like a USV and dive silently underwater, like a UUV. The CDV’s propulsion is provided by a water jet propeller and its dive is achieved by a vertical propeller. The effect of hydrofoils and the performance of the CDV were tested and characterized in experiments, which showed that the hydrofoils improved the stability and surface sailing speed of the CDV. The maximum speed of the CDV was up to 14 kn, which is the highest of its kind according to current knowledge. This work confirmed the feasibility of high-performance CDVs and provided useful information for further improvements to the design.
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17

Anderson, Danielle E., and Veronika von Messling. "Region between the Canine Distemper Virus M and F Genes Modulates Virulence by Controlling Fusion Protein Expression." Journal of Virology 82, no. 21 (August 27, 2008): 10510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01419-08.

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ABSTRACT Morbilliviruses, including measles and canine distemper virus (CDV), are nonsegmented, negative-stranded RNA viruses that cause severe diseases in humans and animals. The transcriptional units in their genomes are separated by untranslated regions (UTRs), which contain essential transcription and translation signals. Due to its increased length, the region between the matrix (M) protein and fusion (F) protein open reading frames is of particular interest. In measles virus, the entire F 5′ region is untranslated, while several start codons are found in most other morbilliviruses, resulting in a long F protein signal peptide (Fsp). To characterize the role of this region in morbillivirus pathogenesis, we constructed recombinant CDVs, in which either the M-F UTR was replaced with that between the nucleocapsid (N) and phosphoprotein (P) genes, or 106 Fsp residues were deleted. The Fsp deletion alone had no effect in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, substitution of the UTR was associated with a slight increase in F gene and protein expression. Animals infected with this virus either recovered completely or experienced prolonged disease and death due to neuroinvasion. The combination of both changes resulted in a virus with strongly increased F gene and protein expression and complete attenuation. Taken together, our results provide evidence that the region between the morbillivirus M and F genes modulates virulence through transcriptional control of the F gene expression.
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18

Iino, Tadafumi, Hiromi Iwasaki, Kentaro Kohno, Shin-ichi Mizuno, Yojiro Arinobu, Daniel G. Tenen, Boris Reizis, and Koichi Akashi. "Selective Disruption of PU.1 in Mature Dendritic Cells Affects Their Tissue Distribution and T Cell Homeostasis." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.518.518.

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Abstract Abstract 518 PU.1, a hematopoietic transcription factor, is indispensable for development of conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) from hematopoietic stem cells. However, the function of PU.1 in mature cDC remains unclear. To test the possible role of PU.1 in mature cDCs, we developed mice lacking PU.1 selectively in mature cDCs (DC-PU.1D/D mice) by crossing a PU.1flox mouse line with a transgenic Itgax (CD11c)-Cre strain. In these mice, cDCs were dramatically reduced in spleen, thymus, lymph node, and skin, down to <40%, <25%, <10% and <5% of DCs in control mice respectively, whereas bone marrow cDCs and common dendritic cells progenitors (CDPs) were not affected. Surprisingly, T cell numbers were significantly decreased in DC-PU.1D/D mice, whereas thymic T cell development was normal, suggesting that maintenance of mature T cell pool might be impaired, presumably by dysfunction of PU.1D/D cDCs. In fact, PU.1D/D cDCs failed to efficiently induce ovalbumin-specific T cell response and to produce inflammatory cytokines in response to Toll like receptor (TLR) stimulation both in vitro and in vivo. The intravenous transfer of spleen PU.1D/D cDCs failed to repopulate the spleen of recipient mice, suggesting their poor survival in vivo. Furthermore, the expression of critical molecules for inflammatory responses was downregulated in PU.1D/D cDCs as compared to normal cDCs. These molecules included Myd88 and NFkB that are downstream molecules of TLR signaling, CD86 that is required for T cell stimulation, and CCR7 that is required for cDC migration. These results clearly show that PU.1 is required for development of the functional cDC pool, and the cDC pool plays a critical role in T cell homeostasis. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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19

Muir, M. J., A. Chase, P. S. Coleman, P. Cooper, G. S. Finkelstein, P. Fulcher, C. Harvey, F. R. Pereira, A. Shamash, and T. J. D. Wilkins. "Credit Derivatives. Prepared by the Derivatives Working Party of the Faculty and Institute of Actuaries." British Actuarial Journal 13, no. 2 (July 1, 2007): 185–236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135732170000146x.

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ABSTRACTThis paper was written by the Derivatives Working Party, a permanent working party of the Life Research Committee of the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries. Our aim is to consider how life assurers may use, or may wish to use, derivatives, and if their use is unduly constrained, e.g. by regulation. This paper focuses on credit derivatives. We provide an overview of the credit derivatives market, and the strong growth in this market over recent years. We then focus on the two main traded credit derivative instruments — Credit Default Swaps (CDSs) and Collateralised Debt Obligations (CDOs). We explain how these instruments work and are priced, and clarify some of the more complex topics involved, such as the settlement of CDSs, basis risk and the relevance of implied correlation in pricing CDOs. We then consider how life insurers could make use of credit derivatives, for example to provide more efficient investment management in taking exposure to credit risk, or to hedge credit exposures, and consider the regulatory implications of so doing. Finally, in the Appendix, we discuss the credit spread puzzle, and the existence or otherwise of a liquidity premium in corporate bond spreads, with implications for the valuation of illiquid liabilities.
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20

Duan, Ling-Yu, Jie Chen, Rongrong Ji, Tiejun Huang, and Wen Gao. "Learning Compact Visual Descriptors for Low Bit Rate Mobile Landmark Search." AI Magazine 34, no. 2 (June 21, 2013): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v34i2.2469.

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Coming with the ever growing computational power of mobile devices, mobile visual search have undergone an evolution in techniques and applications. A significant trend is low bit rate visual search, where compact visual descriptors are extracted directly over a mobile and delivered as queries rather than raw images to reduce the query transmission latency. In this article, we introduce our work on low bit rate mobile landmark search, in which a compact yet discriminative landmark image descriptor is extracted by using location context such as GPS, crowd-sourced hotspot WLAN, and cell tower locations. The compactness originates from the bag-of-words image representation, with an offline learning from geotagged photos from online photo sharing websites including Flickr and Panoramio. The learning process involves segmenting the landmark photo collection by discrete geographical regions using Gaussian mixture model, and then boosting a ranking sensitive vocabulary within each region, with an “entropy” based descriptor compactness feedback to refine both phases iteratively. In online search, when entering a geographical region, the codebook in a mobile device are downstream adapted to generate extremely compact descriptors with promising discriminative ability. We have deployed landmark search apps to both HTC and iPhone mobile phones, working over the database of million scale images in typical areas like Beijing, New York, and Barcelona, and others. Our descriptor outperforms alternative compact descriptors (Chen et al. 2009; Chen et al., 2010; Chandrasekhar et al. 2009a; Chandrasekhar et al. 2009b) with significant margins. Beyond landmark search, this article will summarize the MPEG standarization progress of compact descriptor for visual search (CDVS) (Yuri et al. 2010; Yuri et al. 2011) towards application interoperability.
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Patrick Ozovehe Samuel, Francis Ofurum Arimoro, Adesola Victoria Ayanwale, and Hadiza Lami Mohammad. "Evaluation of the ameliorative roles of Vitamins A, C and E on reduced glutathione in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) fingerlings exposed to cadmium chloride." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 052–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.15.3.0144.

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Effects of cadmium chloride on the production of antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH) in Clarias gariepinus and how such effects can be ameliorated through administration of vitamins were investigated. C. gariepinus fingerlings were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Cd (00, 12mg/L, 16mg/L, 20mg/L and 24mg/L) with replicate in each case. 12mg/L each of the vitamins were administered across all bud. Fresh concentrations of both toxicant and vitamins were administered every 72 hours for a period of 12 weeks every time the water medium was changed. 3 samples of the fish were randomly selected and sacrificed from each aquarium tank every 2 weeks. The gills, kidneys and liver were excised from these specimens, homogenized in sodium phosphate buffer and then assayed for GSH production levels in each case. From the results: In Cd only group, the highest GSH level produced in the liver was 38.85±0.07µg/ml. In the liver of samples of CdVA group, the value (93.97±0.07µg/ml) increased then followed by the gill (67.72±0.13µg/ml). In CdVC, the GSH production level in the gill (39.76±0.07µg/ml) was relatively higher than livers and kidneys of the samples. In CdVE, the kidney produced the highest GSH value of 32.89±0.10µg/ml. The elicitation and utilization of the antioxidant at one point or the other were adopted by the fish in dealing with the effects of the toxicant especially in the presence of the vitamins. Higher concentrations of the vitamins could facilitate the understanding of the effects of the vitamins in mitigating the effects of the toxicant.
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22

Rogatsky, I., J. M. Trowbridge, and M. J. Garabedian. "Glucocorticoid receptor-mediated cell cycle arrest is achieved through distinct cell-specific transcriptional regulatory mechanisms." Molecular and Cellular Biology 17, no. 6 (June 1997): 3181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.17.6.3181.

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Glucocorticoids inhibit proliferation of many cell types, but the events leading from the activated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to growth arrest are not understood. Ectopic expression and activation of GR in human osteosarcoma cell lines U2OS and SAOS2, which lack endogenous receptors, result in a G1 cell cycle arrest. GR activation in U2OS cells represses expression of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) CDK4 and CDK6 as well as their regulatory partner, cyclin D3, leading to hypophosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb). We also demonstrate a ligand-dependent reduction in the expression of E2F-1 and c-Myc, transcription factors involved in the G1-to-S-phase transition. Mitogen-activated protein kinase, CDK2, cyclin E, and the CDK inhibitors (CDIs) p27 and p21 are unaffected by receptor activation in U2OS cells. The receptor's N-terminal transcriptional activation domain is not required for growth arrest in U2OS cells. In Rb-deficient SAOS2 cells, however, the expression of p27 and p21 is induced upon receptor activation. Remarkably, in SAOS2 cells that express a GR deletion derivative lacking the N-terminal transcriptional activation domain, induction of CDI expression is abolished and the cells fail to undergo ligand-dependent cell cycle arrest. Similarly, murine S49 lymphoma cells, which, like SAOS2 cells, lack Rb, require the N-terminal activation domain for growth arrest and induce CDI expression upon GR activation. These cell-type-specific differences in receptor domains and cellular targets linking GR activation to cell cycle machinery suggest two distinct regulatory mechanisms of GR-mediated cell cycle arrest: one involving transcriptional repression of G1 cyclins and CDKs and the other involving enhanced transcription of CDIs by the activated receptor.
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23

Urashima, Mitsuyoshi, Gerrard Teoh, Dharminder Chauhan, Yasutaka Hoshi, Atsushi Ogata, Steven P. Treon, Robert L. Schlossman, and Kenneth C. Anderson. "Interleukin-6 Overcomes p21WAF1 Upregulation and G1 Growth Arrest Induced by Dexamethasone and Interferon-γ in Multiple Myeloma Cells." Blood 90, no. 1 (July 1, 1997): 279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v90.1.279.

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Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a growth factor for multiple myeloma (MM) cells and can inhibit MM cell apoptosis. Our recent studies show that IL-6 facilitates MM cell growth via phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRB); however, the effects of IL-6 on those cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and CDK inhibitors (CDIs) that are known to regulate phosphorylation of pRB have not been defined in MM cells. In the present report, we cultured MM cell lines and patient cells with IL-6 and/or dexamethasone (Dex) and characterized changes in cell cycle; expression and association of cyclins, CDKs, and CDIs; and phosphorylation of pRB. Dex induced G1 growth arrest in MM cells, whereas IL-6 facilitated G1 to S phase transition; moreover, the effect of Dex was blocked by IL-6. p21WAF1 (p21) protein was constitutively expressed in the majority of MM cells independent of the status of p53. Its expression was upregulated by Dex and downregulated by IL-6; again, IL-6 inhibited the increase in p21 triggered by Dex. These alterations in p21 expression in MM cells were associated with changes in p21 binding to CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6; CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6 kinase activities; and phosphorylation of pRB. In contrast, expression of G1 cell cycle regulatory proteins, including p27KIP1, cyclin D2, and cyclin E, was not altered in MM cells cultured with Dex and/or IL-6. Finally, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) also induced G1 growth arrest and upregulated p21 protein expression; as with Dex, affects of IFN-γ were inhibited by IL-6. Our results therefore show that changes in cell cycle distribution in MM cells triggered by Dex, IL-6, and IFN-γ correlate with changes in p21 protein expression and implicate p21 in the coupling of Dex-, IL-6–, and IFN-γ–related signals to G1 cell cycle regulation in MM cells.
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Urashima, Mitsuyoshi, Gerrard Teoh, Dharminder Chauhan, Yasutaka Hoshi, Atsushi Ogata, Steven P. Treon, Robert L. Schlossman, and Kenneth C. Anderson. "Interleukin-6 Overcomes p21WAF1 Upregulation and G1 Growth Arrest Induced by Dexamethasone and Interferon-γ in Multiple Myeloma Cells." Blood 90, no. 1 (July 1, 1997): 279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v90.1.279.279_279_289.

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Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a growth factor for multiple myeloma (MM) cells and can inhibit MM cell apoptosis. Our recent studies show that IL-6 facilitates MM cell growth via phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRB); however, the effects of IL-6 on those cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and CDK inhibitors (CDIs) that are known to regulate phosphorylation of pRB have not been defined in MM cells. In the present report, we cultured MM cell lines and patient cells with IL-6 and/or dexamethasone (Dex) and characterized changes in cell cycle; expression and association of cyclins, CDKs, and CDIs; and phosphorylation of pRB. Dex induced G1 growth arrest in MM cells, whereas IL-6 facilitated G1 to S phase transition; moreover, the effect of Dex was blocked by IL-6. p21WAF1 (p21) protein was constitutively expressed in the majority of MM cells independent of the status of p53. Its expression was upregulated by Dex and downregulated by IL-6; again, IL-6 inhibited the increase in p21 triggered by Dex. These alterations in p21 expression in MM cells were associated with changes in p21 binding to CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6; CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6 kinase activities; and phosphorylation of pRB. In contrast, expression of G1 cell cycle regulatory proteins, including p27KIP1, cyclin D2, and cyclin E, was not altered in MM cells cultured with Dex and/or IL-6. Finally, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) also induced G1 growth arrest and upregulated p21 protein expression; as with Dex, affects of IFN-γ were inhibited by IL-6. Our results therefore show that changes in cell cycle distribution in MM cells triggered by Dex, IL-6, and IFN-γ correlate with changes in p21 protein expression and implicate p21 in the coupling of Dex-, IL-6–, and IFN-γ–related signals to G1 cell cycle regulation in MM cells.
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Ren, Heather, Mingqiang Ren, Elizabeth Kolawole, Ge Jin, Colleen Netherby-Winslow, Shwetank, Brian Evavold, and Aron Lukacher. "IL-21 from CD4 T cells drives differentiation of brain-resident CD8 T cells during polyomavirus CNS infection." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2020): 81.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.81.1.

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Abstract CD4 T cells help CD8 T cells differentiate into competent effector and memory cells. We recently showed that CD4 T cells are essential for CD8 T cell differentiation into brain-resident memory (bTRM) during polyomavirus (PyV) infection. Here we identify IL-21 as the CD4 T cell help. Using MHC-II tetramers for two epitopes in mouse PyV, we show brain PyV-specific CD4 T cells express PD-1 and CXCR5. IL21-VFP reporter mice revealed CD4 T cells as the only cellular source of IL-21 in the brain. 2D micropipette adhesion assays, measuring TCR affinity, showed brain IL-21-producing CD4s have higher affinity TCRs than IL-21− cells. RNAseq analysis of IL-21+ vs. IL-21− brain CD4s corroborates that IL-21 production is positively associated with TCR affinity and that IL-21 producers are positively enriched for TFH signature genes. We further found that IL-21 receptor (IL21R) is required for CD8 TRM differentiation. Brain CD8 T cells upregulated IL21R at 15 days post-infection, coincident with expression of the TRM marker CD103. Few CD8 T cells in brains of IL-21R−/− mice expressed CD103, a finding confirmed using donor anti-PyV CD8 T cells lacking IL-21R in infected wild type (WT) recipients. Unlike IL21R-sufficient CD8s, IL21R−/− CD8 T cells are not maintained in the brain upon systemic CD8 antibody depletion. IL21R−/− CD8s also have a diminished response to a rechallenge in the brain than what we observed with WT CD8 T cells. RNAseq analysis revealed IL21R−/− CD8 T cells were negatively enriched for TRM core signature genes and oxidative metabolism genes compared to IL-21R-sufficient CD8 T cells. Thus, we conclude that IL-21 produced by high-affinity, PyV-specific CD4 T cells in the brain is required for differentiation of CD8 bTRM during PyV CNS infection.
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Srivastava, Pragya, Stephanie Tzetzo, Eduardo Cortes Gomez, Kevin Eng, Prashant K. Singh, Kitty De Jong, Sheila N. J. Sait, et al. "Inhibition of LSD1 in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Progenitors Restores Differentiation of CD141Hi Conventional Dendritic Cells." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 1695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-126220.

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Background: Immunotherapeutic approaches for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) show promise, but progress is limited by our incomplete understanding of the immunologic milieu. In a recent Phase I trial, we found that MDS patients with higher numbers of CD141Hi conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) were more likely to respond to NY-ESO-1 vaccination. In solid tumor models, the CD141Hi cDC is critical for initiating anti-tumor immune responses but its impact in myeloid malignancies is unknown. In studies of primary human specimens and mouse models, we tested the hypothesis that MDS patients exhibit decreased quantity and quality of CD141Hi cDCs due to impaired myeloid differentiation. Methods: Bone marrow (BM) cells were collected from MDS patients (pre-treatment) and age matched healthy donors (HD; defined as absence of hematologic malignancy). We quantified DC populations, stem, progenitor cells and interferon regulatory factor-8 (IRF-8) expression using flow cytometry and RT-qPCR. Histone modifications were assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. To assess DC differentiation of progenitors, human CD34+ and mouse c-kit+ cells were expanded and differentiated in vitro. Results: We found fewer CD141Hi cDCs (p<0.0001), CD1c+ cDCs (p<0.005) and plasmacytoid DCs (CD123+ pDCs; p<0.005) overall in BM samples from MDS patients (n=71) compared to HD (n=17). We stratified MDS patients based on the relative number of DCs and found that only those patients with highest number of CD141Hi cDCs had superior survival (p < 0.05). No differences in survival were seen in patients stratified by the CD1c+ cDCs (p = 0.96) and CD123+ pDCs (p = 0.32) populations. We hypothesized that decreased numbers of CD141Hi cDCs and adverse survival in MDS patients resulted from impaired differentiation of DC progenitors. We showed that MDS patients (n=19) have fewer monocyte-DC progenitors (MDP) and common DC progenitors (CDP) compared to HD (n=11; p<0.01). We then hypothesized that MDS progenitors express lower levels of IRF8, a master regulator of CD141Hi cDC differentiation. IRF8 expression was significantly lower in CDPs from MDS patients compared to HD (p<0.05). Furthermore, MDS patients with lower levels of IRF8 (n=8) in their MDPs showed a trend towards production of fewer CDPs and significantly fewer CD141Hi cDCs compared to those with higher levels of IRF8 (n=10; p<0.005). These results suggest that approaches to increase IRF8 expression could enhance CD141Hi cDC differentiation. We hypothesized that inhibition of lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (LSD1), which increases IRF8 expression in myeloid leukemia cells, would induce CD141Hi cDC differentiation. Pharmacologic inhibition of LSD1 increased IRF8 expression (both mRNA and protein) in KG-1 cells, a model of human CD34+ cells, and in HD and MDS CD34+ progenitors (p<0.05). LSD1 inhibition in KG-1 cells resulted in increased H3K27 acetylation (3861-fold change) and H3K4 dimethylation (922.4-fold change) compared to PBS (p<0.05) at a region -70 kb to the IRF8 transcriptional start site, a putative regulatory element that demonstrated the highest level of LSD1 binding. These data indicate that LSD1 inhibition alters histone modifications at the IRF8 locus, resulting in increased expression of IRF8. Pharmacologic inhibition of LSD1 in HD CD34+ cells increased the number of mature CD141Hi cDCs in 92% of specimens (n = 12; 3.4 fold-change) compared to PBS. Similarly, LSD1 inhibition in MDS CD34+ cells increased the number of CD141Hi cDCs (n = 12) in 75% of patient specimens (16.8 fold-change) compared to PBS. IRF8 function is conserved between mice and humans. To test whether the effect of LSD1 inhibition on cDC differentiation was dependent on IRF8, we compared the effect of LSD1 inhibition on BM c-kit+ cells from Irf8 knock-out mice (Irf8-KO) and littermate controls (WT). LSD1 inhibition in WT c-kit+ cells resulted in increased numbers of CD141Hi cDCs in vitro (p<0.05). By contrast, LSD1 inhibition of Irf8-KO c-kit+ cells did not result in differentiation of CD141Hi cDCs. These data suggest that LSD1 inhibition drives CD141Hi cDCs differentiation through IRF8. Conclusion: These data reveal a previously unrecognized determinant of the immune microenvironment in MDS. The opportunity for epigenetic regulation of CD141Hi cDC differentiation in MDS offers an opportunity for intervention and a potential adjunct to immunotherapy for patients. Disclosures Sait: Celgene: Consultancy. Griffiths:Boston Scientific: Consultancy; Boston Scientific: Consultancy; Genentech, Inc.: Research Funding; Persimmune: Consultancy; Persimmune: Consultancy; Abbvie, Inc.: Consultancy; Genentech, Inc.: Research Funding; Novartis Inc.: Consultancy; Celgene, Inc: Consultancy, Research Funding; New Link Genetics: Consultancy; New Link Genetics: Consultancy; Astex Phramaceuticals/Otsuka Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding; Astex Phramaceuticals/Otsuka Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis Inc.: Consultancy; Partner Therapeutics: Consultancy; Partner Therapeutics: Consultancy; Appelis Pharmaceuticals: Other: PI on a clinical trial; Onconova Therapeutics: Other: PI on a clinical trial; Appelis Pharmaceuticals: Other: PI on a clinical trial; Onconova Therapeutics: Other: PI on a clinical trial; Celgene, Inc: Consultancy, Research Funding; Abbvie, Inc.: Consultancy, PI on a clinical trial.
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Melero, Ignacio. "Antitumor T-cell wars: do CD4s outwit CD8s?" Blood 109, no. 12 (June 15, 2007): 5070–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-03-081869.

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28

Thakkar, Vidhi D., Robert M. Cox, Bevan Sawatsky, Renata da Fontoura Budaszewski, Julien Sourimant, Katrin Wabbel, Negar Makhsous, Alexander L. Greninger, Veronika von Messling, and Richard K. Plemper. "The Unstructured Paramyxovirus Nucleocapsid Protein Tail Domain Modulates Viral Pathogenesis through Regulation of Transcriptase Activity." Journal of Virology 92, no. 8 (February 7, 2018): e02064-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02064-17.

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ABSTRACTThe paramyxovirus replication machinery comprises the viral large (L) protein and phosphoprotein (P-protein) in addition to the nucleocapsid (N) protein, which encapsidates the single-stranded RNA genome. Common to paramyxovirus N proteins is a C-terminal tail (Ntail). The mechanistic role and relevance for virus replication of the structurally disordered central Ntail section are unknown. Focusing initially on members of theMorbillivirusgenus, a series of measles virus (MeV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) N proteins were generated with internal deletions in the unstructured tail section. N proteins with large tail truncations remained bioactive in mono- and polycistronic minireplicon assays and supported efficient replication of recombinant viruses. Bioactivity of Ntail mutants extended to N proteins derived from highly pathogenic Nipah virus. To probe an effect of Ntail truncations on viral pathogenesis, recombinant CDVs were analyzed in a lethal CDV/ferret model of morbillivirus disease. The recombinant viruses displayed different stages of attenuation ranging from ameliorated clinical symptoms to complete survival of infected animals, depending on the molecular nature of the Ntail truncation. Reinfection of surviving animals with pathogenic CDV revealed robust protection against a lethal challenge. The highly attenuated virus was genetically stable afterex vivopassaging and recovery from infected animals. Mechanistically, gradual viral attenuation coincided with stepwise altered viral transcriptase activity in infected cells. These results identify the central Ntail section as a determinant for viral pathogenesis and establish a novel platform to engineer gradual virus attenuation for next-generation paramyxovirus vaccine design.IMPORTANCEInvestigating the role of the paramyxovirus N protein tail domain (Ntail) in virus replication, we demonstrated in this study that the structurally disordered central Ntail region is a determinant for viral pathogenesis. We show that internal deletions in this Ntail region of up to 55 amino acids in length are compatible with efficient replication of recombinant viruses in cell culture but result in gradual viral attenuation in a lethal canine distemper virus (CDV)/ferret model. Mechanistically, we demonstrate a role of the intact Ntail region in the regulation of viral transcriptase activity. Recombinant viruses with Ntail truncations induce protective immunity against lethal challenge of ferrets with pathogenic CDV. This identification of the unstructured central Ntail domain as a nonessential paramyxovirus pathogenesis factor establishes a foundation for harnessing Ntail truncations for vaccine engineering against emerging and reemerging members of the paramyxovirus family.
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Barnes, Donald G. "Characterization of the risks posed by CDDs and CDFs." Chemosphere 18, no. 1-6 (January 1989): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(89)90103-3.

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30

Hendriks, Mathijs P., Kees C. Ebben, Janine A. Van Til, Agnes Jager, and Sabine Siesling. "Abstract P4-07-22: Clinical decision support systems for multidisciplinary team decision-making in patients with solid cancer: an implementation model based on a scoping review." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): P4–07–22—P4–07–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p4-07-22.

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Abstract Background Clinical decision-making by multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) is getting more complex as treatment advice for the individual patient must be based on an increasing amount of patient and tumor characteristics, and scientific evidence on treatment efficacy. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) can make an important contribution to assist but also optimize MDT decision-making. However, implementation of CDSSs in clinical practice is challenging. Aim & methods The aim of our study is to set up a CDSSs implementation model for multidisciplinary decision-making in solid cancer. It is based on a scoping review of the currently reported CDSSs for MDT decision-making in solid cancers with identification of reported barriers and facilitators for implementation of these CDSSs. For this we systematically searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (accessed through PubMed) and Scopus up to September 1st 2021. Results Of the 710 screened abstracts, 38 papers met the inclusion criteria (table 1). Sixteen different CDSSs were identified. For implementation of CDSSs, 87 barriers and 73 facilitators were reported. The reported barriers could be categorized in the same categories as those of the facilitators (a factor can be reported as a barrier if the factor is not addressed well, and as a facilitator if the factor is properly addressed). The most frequently reported barriers for CDSS implementation for MDT decision making mainly concerned CDSS maintenance (e.g. not incorporating guideline updates), loco-regional feasibility of the CDDS recommendation (e.g. no access to diagnostics or treatment), validity, not incorporating patient preference in decision making, data accuracy, noncoverage of certain patient subpopulations, lack of an information standard, usability, data availability and no interoperability of the CDSS with the electronic health record. The most frequently reported facilitators included, besides the categories as mentioned above, the category shared decision making (reporting of alternative treatment options) and technical skills (involvement of a computer scientist). Table 2 shows the most frequently reported categories of barriers and facilitators, and scores for each included study the number of reported barriers (B) and facilitators (F) in each category. Conclusion Based on the identified barriers and facilitators, we developed a CDSS implementation model to guide more successful CDSS integration in the clinical workflow to support MDTs (the model will be shown at the congress). The usability of this theoretical model should be explored in future studies. Table 1. Characteristics of 38 included articles Table 2. Overview of the most frequently reported categories of barriers and facilitators. For each included study the number of reported barriers (B) and facilitatiors (F) are scored for each category. Citation Format: Mathijs P. Hendriks, Kees C. Ebben, Janine A. Van Til, Agnes Jager, Sabine Siesling. Clinical decision support systems for multidisciplinary team decision-making in patients with solid cancer: an implementation model based on a scoping review [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-22.
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Liu, Qing, Qiang Zhang, and Peiwu Liu. "The Diagnostic Accuracy of Transabdominal and Transvaginal Color Doppler Ultrasound for Pregnant Women with Vasa Previa and Velamentous Cord Insertion." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (September 29, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1685783.

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Objective. The objective of this study is to evaluate feasibility and accuracy of transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound (TA-CDUS) and transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound (TV-CDUS) as screening methods for pregnant women with vasa previa (VP) and velamentous cord insertion (VCI). Methods. A retrospective diagnostic accuracy study was performed on 5,434 pregnant women from 2018 to 2021, who underwent both TA-CDUS and TV-CDUS. Diagnostic performance of TA-CDUS and TV-CDUS was determined using specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, and positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-), using the delivery information (gross examination) as the “Gold-standard”. Patient records were reviewed for demographics and diagnosis. Results. The combination of VP and VCI was diagnosed in 37/5434 (0.68%) women at delivery. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and overall test accuracy of TA-CDUS were 72.97%, 99.85%, 77.14%, 99.81%, and 99.67%, respectively, for diagnosing VP with VCI. The corresponding values for TV-CDUS were 89.19%, 99.87%, 82.50%, 99.93%, and 99.80%, respectively. Moreover, the sensitivity of combination of TA-CDUS and TA-CDUS in determining VP with VCI was 97.30%, specificity 99.98%, PPV 97.30%, NPV 99.98%, and accuracy 99.96%. No significant difference in the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis was found between the examination by TA-CDUS and TV-CDUS. Conclusions. Both TA-CDUS and TV-CDUS can be acceptable diagnostic tools for assessment of pregnant women with VP and VCI, with a better application of TV-CDUS with higher accuracy. The combination of TA-CDUS and TV-CDUS could provide an objective imaging basis for choosing clinical treatment strategies and predicting prognosis.
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Lu, Sheng-Chieh, Rebecca J. Brown, and Martin Michalowski. "A Clinical Decision Support System Design Framework for Nursing Practice." ACI Open 05, no. 02 (July 2021): e84-e93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1736470.

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Abstract Background As nurses increasingly engage in decision-making for patients, a unique opportunity exists to translate research into practice using clinical decision support systems (CDSSs). While research has shown that CDSS has led to improvements in patient outcomes and nursing workflow, the success rate of CDSS implementation in nursing is low. Further, the majority of CDSS for nursing are not designed to support the care of patients with comorbidity. Objectives The aim of the study is to conceptualize an evidence-based CDSS supporting complex patient care for nursing. Methods We conceptualized the CDSS through extracting scientific findings of CDSS design and development. To describe the CDSS, we developed a conceptual framework comprising the key components of the CDSS and the relationships between the components. We instantiated the framework in the context of a hypothetical clinical case. Results We present the conceptualized CDSS with a framework comprising six interrelated components and demonstrate how each component is implemented via a hypothetical clinical case. Conclusion The proposed framework provides a common architecture for CDSS development and bridges CDSS research findings and development. Next research steps include (1) working with clinical nurses to identify their knowledge resources for a particular disease to better articulate the knowledge base needed by a CDSS, (2) develop and deploy a CDSS in practice using the framework, and (3) evaluate the CDSS in the context of nursing care.
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Meek, J., and L. Fathauer. "Initial implementation and evaluation of a Hepatitis C treatment clinical decision support system (CDSS)." Applied Clinical Informatics 03, no. 03 (2012): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2012-04-ra-0012.

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SummaryBackground: Clinician compliance with clinical guidelines in the treatment of patients with Hepatitis C (HCV) has been reported to be as low as 18.5%. Treatment is complex and patient compliance is often inconsistent thus, active clinician surveillance and support is essential to successful outcomes. A clinical decision support system (CDSS) embedded within an electronic health record can provide reminders, summarize key data, and facilitate coordination of care. To date, the literature is bereft of information describing the implementation and evaluation of a CDSS to support HCV treatment.Objective: The purpose of this case report is to describe the design, implementation, and initial evaluation of an HCV-specific CDSS while piloting data collection metrics and methods to be used in a larger study across multiple practices.Methods: The case report describes the design and implementation processes with preliminary reporting on impact of the CDSS on quality indicator completion by comparing the pre-CDSS group to the post-CDSS group.Results: The CDSS was successfully designed and implemented using an iterative, collaborative process. Pilot testing of the clinical outcomes of the CDSS revealed high rates of quality indicator completion in both the pre- and post-CDSS; although the post-CDSS group received a higher frequency of reminders (4.25 per patient) than the pre-CDSS group (.25 per patient).Conclusions: This case report documents the processes used to successfully design and implement an HCV CDSS. While the small sample size precludes generalizability of findings, results did positively demonstrate the feasibility of comparing quality indicator completion rates pre-CDSS and post-CDSS. It is recommended that future studies include a larger sample size across multiple providers with expanded outcomes measures related to patient outcomes, staff satisfaction with the CDSS, and time studies to evaluate efficiency and cost effectiveness of the CDSS.
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Randell, Rebecca, Natasha Mitchell, Dawn Dowding, Nicky Cullum, and Carl Thompson. "Effects of computerized decision support systems on nursing performance and patient outcomes: a systematic review." Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 12, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/135581907782101543.

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Objective: To examine the effect of computerized decision support systems (CDSSs) on nursing performance and patient outcomes. Method: Fifteen databases, including Medline and CINAHL, were searched up to May 2006 together with reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews. Randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, controlled before and after studies and interrupted time series studies that assessed the effects of CDSS use by nurses in a clinical setting on measurable professional and/or patient outcomes were included. Results: Eight studies, three comparing nurses using CDSS with nurses not using CDSS and five comparing nurses using CDSS with other health professionals not using CDSS, were included. Risk of contamination was a concern in four studies. The effect of CDSS on nursing performance and patient outcomes was inconsistent. Conclusion: The introduction of CDSS may not necessarily lead to a positive outcome; further studies are needed in order to identify contexts in which CDSS use by nurses is most effective. CDSS are complex interventions and should be evaluated as such; future studies should explore the impact of the users and the protocol on which the CDSS is based, reporting details of both. Contamination is a significant issue when evaluating CDSS, so it is important that randomization is at the practitioner or the unit level. Future systematic reviews should focus on particular uses of CDSS.
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Kinney, William C. "Web-Based Clinical Decision Support System for Triage of Vestibular Patients." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 128, no. 1 (January 2003): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2003.33.

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OBJECTIVES: We sought to use a clinical decision support system (CDSS) to save costs and to improve scheduling of vestibular patients in an otolaryngology clinic. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a concurrent review of 50 vestibular patients scheduled in the University of Missouri otolaryngology clinic with or without testing based on the outcome of a CDSS. The CDSS was implemented using Web-based technology. Charges incurred by the health care system through tests determined by the CDSS were compared with those incurred using the standard procedure of ordering hearing tests and electronystagmography for all patients. RESULTS: Thirty-nine tests were prescheduled using the CDSS. Twenty-five additional tests were ordered after the visit. The CDSS resulted in savings of $37,904.00 in charges to the health care system. The CDSS showed high specificity and variable sensitivity. CONCLUSION: A Web-based CDSS can be used to better manage and coordinate patient encounters. SIGNIFICANCE: One important reason to use a CDSS in health care management is to lower costs.
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Cabeza-Cabrerizo, Mar, Janneke van Blijswijk, Stephan Wienert, Daniel Heim, Robert P. Jenkins, Probir Chakravarty, Neil Rogers, et al. "Tissue clonality of dendritic cell subsets and emergency DCpoiesis revealed by multicolor fate mapping of DC progenitors." Science Immunology 4, no. 33 (March 1, 2019): eaaw1941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.aaw1941.

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Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are found in all tissues and play a key role in immune surveillance. They comprise two major subsets, cDC1 and cDC2, both derived from circulating precursors of cDCs (pre-cDCs), which exited the bone marrow. We show that, in the steady-state mouse, pre-cDCs entering tissues proliferate to give rise to differentiated cDCs, which themselves have residual proliferative capacity. We use multicolor fate mapping of cDC progenitors to show that this results in clones of sister cDCs, most of which comprise a single cDC1 or cDC2 subtype, suggestive of pre-cDC commitment. Upon infection, a surge in the influx of pre-cDCs into the affected tissue dilutes clones and increases cDC numbers. Our results indicate that tissue cDCs can be organized in a patchwork of closely positioned sister cells of the same subset whose coexistence is perturbed by local infection, when the bone marrow provides additional pre-cDCs to meet increased tissue demand.
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Laka, Mah, Adriana Milazzo, and Tracy Merlin. "Factors That Impact the Adoption of Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) for Antibiotic Management." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 1901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041901.

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The study evaluated individual and setting-specific factors that moderate clinicians’ perception regarding use of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) for antibiotic management. A cross-sectional online survey examined clinicians’ perceptions about CDSS implementation for antibiotic management in Australia. Multivariable logistic regression determined the association between drivers of CDSS adoption and different moderators. Clinical experience, CDSS use and care setting were important predictors of clinicians’ perception concerning CDSS adoption. Compared to nonusers, CDSS users were less likely to lack confidence in CDSS (OR = 0.63, 95%, CI = 0.32, 0.94) and consider it a threat to professional autonomy (OR = 0.47, 95%, CI = 0.08, 0.83). Conversely, there was higher likelihood in experienced clinicians (>20 years) to distrust CDSS (OR = 1.58, 95%, CI = 1.08, 2.23) due to fear of comprising their clinical judgement (OR = 1.68, 95%, CI = 1.27, 2.85). In primary care, clinicians were more likely to perceive time constraints (OR = 1.96, 95%, CI = 1.04, 3.70) and patient preference (OR = 1.84, 95%, CI = 1.19, 2.78) as barriers to CDSS adoption for antibiotic prescribing. Our findings provide differentiated understanding of the CDSS implementation landscape by identifying different individual, organisational and system-level factors that influence system adoption. The individual and setting characteristics can help understand the variability in CDSS adoption for antibiotic management in different clinicians.
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Rouse, Michael, Matthew Jones, Brice Zogleman, Rebekah May, Tanya Ekilah, and Cheryl Gibson. "Resident integration with inpatient clinical documentation improvement: a quality improvement project." BMJ Open Quality 11, no. 2 (June 2022): e001300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2020-001300.

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BackgroundClinical documentation improvement (CDI) is an increasing part of health system quality and patient care with clinical documentation integrity specialists (CDIS) expanding into daily physician workflow. This integration can be especially challenging for resident teams due to increased team size, lack of documentation experience, and misunderstanding of both CDIS and CDI purpose.ProblemThe University of Kansas Health System Internal Medicine residency programme reported challenges with CDIS and resident workflow integration specifically in navigating and understanding CDIS documentation queries, CDIS interruption of interdisciplinary huddles, and general misunderstanding of CDI and the role of CDIS.MethodsA quality improvement project was undertaken to integrate CDIS more effectively into resident workflow. Combined with a resident debrief session to identify general areas of concern, surveys were administered to internal medicine residents, resident rounding faculty and CDIS team members to identify specific barriers to CDIS–physician integration.InterventionA collective group of CDIS member teams, internal medicine chief residents and faculty physicians was formed. Changes made to the CDI process based on survey feedback included (1) improving formatting of CDIS electronic query templates, (2) standardisation of timing for CDIS verbal queries during interdisciplinary huddles, and (3) development of a resident didactic session focused on the role of CDIS and documentation’s impact on quality, safety and outcomes as related to the hospital, provider and patient.ResultsSurveys completed after implementation showed a positive impact on electronic query template changes and perception of CDIS at interdisciplinary huddles. The didactic curriculum was effective in helping residents understand the role and limitations of CDIS and how documentation affects quality of care.ConclusionCDIS–physician integration into resident teams can occur through a collaborative focus on specific aspects of physician workflow and improving understanding of the impact of CDI on patient safety and quality of care.
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Gangadaran, Prakash, Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran, Mi Hee Kwack, Madhan Jeyaraman, Chae Moon Hong, Young Kwan Sung, and Byeong-Cheol Ahn. "Application of Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Engineered Nanovesicles for Hair Growth: From Mechanisms to Therapeutics." Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 10 (July 14, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.963278.

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Hair loss is one of the most common disorders that affect both male and female patients. Cell-derived nanovesicles (CDVs) are natural extracellular vesicles and engineered nanovesicles that can carry various biologicals materials such as proteins, lipids, mRNA, miRNA, and DNA. These vesicles can communicate with local or distant cells and are capable of delivering endogenous materials and exogenous drugs for regenerative therapies. Recent studies revealed that CDVs can serve as new treatment strategies for hair growth. Herein, we review current knowledge on the role of CDVs in applications to hair growth. The in-depth understanding of the mechanisms by which CDVs enable therapeutic effects for hair growth may accelerate successful clinical translation of these vesicles for treating hair loss.
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Belina, Dinaol. "Survey on Pathological Lesion and Its Financial Losses in Ovine Slaughtered at Jimma Municipal llll Abattoir, Jimma, Ethiopia." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 1 (March 19, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000101.

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Antony, PX. "Molecular Typing Of Capsular Polysaccharides of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Cases of Bovine Mastitis by PCR." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 1 (April 5, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000102.

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Zehra, Asima. "Microbial Source Tracking Markers for Detection of Faecal Contamination in Environmental Waters." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 1 (April 10, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000103.

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Costa de Lima, Paulo Henrique. "Anti-Synepthelichorial Placenta Scfv Library Construction." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 1 (April 17, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000104.

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Kumar, Ranjan. "Effect of Thermal Stress on Dairy Animal." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 1 (April 17, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000105.

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Kumar, S. Krishna. "Pressure of Climatic Factors on Sheep Bluetongue Epidemics in Tamil Nadu." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 2 (April 19, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000106.

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Mello Bobany, Denise de. "Sicilian Lemon and Honey Light Fermented Milk." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 2 (April 27, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000107.

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Ishaq, Kashif. "Use of Dietary Yeast and its Products in the Feeding Regime of Meat Type Goats." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 2 (May 1, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000108.

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R Abdelsalam, Nader. "The Development Fortified Pan Bread by Increasing Its Protein Content with High Levels of Live Yeast cells Saccharomyces Cerevisiae." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 2 (May 4, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000109.

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Romelle Jones, Kegan. "Gastrointestinal Parasites Found in Domesticated Animals Introduced Into the Neo-Tropics (New World Tropics)." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 2 (May 4, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000110.

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AK, Olaifa. "The Use of Epidural Anaesthesia over General Anaesthesia in Ruminants." Concepts of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences 1, no. 3 (May 7, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.32474/cdvs.2018.01.000111.

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