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Kearsley-Fleet, L., K. Hyrich, M. Schaefer, D. Huschek, A. Strangfeld, J. Zavada, M. Lagová, et al. "OP0105 FEASIBILITY AND USEFULNESS OF MAPPING BIOLOGIC REGISTRIES TO A COMMON DATA MODEL: ILLUSTRATION USING COMORBIDITIES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 58.2–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.888.
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Background:The Observational and Medical Outcomes Partnerships (OMOP) common data model (CDM) provides a framework for standardising health data with a view towards federated analyses, thus maximising the use and power of combining disparate datasets.Objectives:To assess feasibility and usefulness of mapping biologic registry data from different European countries to the OMOP CDM and present initial descriptive data regarding comorbidities.Methods:Five biologic registries, as part of a funded FOREUM project, have been mapped to the OMOP CDM: 1) the Czech biologics register (ATTRA), 2) Registro Español de Acontecimientos Adversos de Terapias Biológicas en Enfermedades Reumáticas (BIOBADASER), 3) British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register for Rheumatoid Arthritis (BSRBR-RA), 4) German biologics register ‘Rheumatoid arthritis observation of biologic therapy’ (RABBIT), and 5) Swiss register ‘Swiss Clinical Quality Management in Rheumatic Diseases’ (SCQM). The mapping includes socio-demographic, observation period within the studies, baseline comorbidities, and baseline medications. Only patients with RA were included. Using R, registers received identical scripts to run on their mapped databases to produce an initial description of patient characteristics without the need to share patient-level data.Results:A total of 54,458 individuals are included the five registries being mapped to the OMOP CDM, see table. Age and gender distribution was similar across registries. All registers reported on cardiovascular system comorbidities, diabetes mellitus, mental disorders, and respiratory system comorbidities. However, it was noted that results of comorbidity mapping relies on what each register collect on each patient at the point of registration.Whilst the Charlson comorbidity index could be calculated within each registry, due to lack of the specific coding needed, such as “uncomplicated diabetes mellitus” / “end-organ damage diabetes mellitus”, it was felt to be an inaccurate measure. The granularity of the comorbidities was insufficient, as many registers coded, for example, diabetes mellitus without any extra information.Table 1.OARSI scoresRegistryATTRABIOBADASERBSRBR-RARABBITSCQMCountryCzechiaSpainUnited KingdomGermanySwitzerlandNumber of Participants23343012251791365210281Gender FemaleMale1808 (77%)526 (23%)2372 (79%)640 (21%)18995 (75%)6184 (25%)10191 (75%)3461 (25%)7584 (74%)2697 (26%)Age at observation start date59 (52, 66)56 (47, 63)58 (49, 66)58 (50, 67)57 (47, 66)First observation start dateFeb-2002Oct-1999Oct-2001Aug-2006March-1995Number of comorbidities1 (1, 2)1 (0, 2)1 (0, 2)2 (1, 3)2 (1, 4)Disorder of cardiovascular system1609 (69%)208 (7%)2239 (9%)6330 (46%)3969 (39%)Diabetes mellitus331 (14%)273 (9%)1770 (7%)1591 (12%)792 (8%)Depressive Disorder165 (7%)04971 (20%)1023 (7%)1337 (13%)Disorder of respiratory system215 (9%)209 (7%)4125 (16%)1282 (9%)1630 (16%)Conclusion:This is the first analysis of data from the newly mapped OMOP CDM across five European registers. Through mapping the registers into a CDM, and using the same script, the ability to undertake collaborative analysis without sharing patient level data outside of the country can be realised. Due to differences in study design and data capture, there needs to be a focus on harmonising the coding and analysing of the comorbidities and drugs across registries.Disclosure of Interests:Lianne Kearsley-Fleet: None declared, Kimme Hyrich: None declared, Martin Schaefer: None declared, Doreen Huschek: None declared, Anja Strangfeld: None declared, Jakub Zavada Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Eli-Lilly, UCB, Sanofi., Consultant of: Abbvie, UCB, Sanofi, Gilead., Markéta Lagová: None declared, Delphine Courvoisier Speakers bureau: Medtalks Switzerland, Christoph Tellenbach: None declared, Kim Lauper Speakers bureau: Medtalks Switzerland, Carlos Sánchez-Piedra: None declared, Nuria Montero: None declared, Jesús-Tomás Sánchez-Costa: None declared, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra Consultant of: Amgen (speaker fees and advisory board membership fees paid to DPA’s department) and UCB (consultancy fees paid to DPA’s department), Grant/research support from: grants and other from AMGEN, grants, non-financial support and other from UCB Biopharma, grants from Les Laboratoires Servier, outside the submitted work., Edward Burn: None declared
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Burn, E., L. Kearsley-Fleet, K. Hyrich, M. Schaefer, D. Huschek, A. Strangfeld, J. Zavada, et al. "OP0285 TOWARDS IMPLEMENTING THE OMOP CDM ACROSS FIVE EUROPEAN BIOLOGIC REGISTRIES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 177.2–178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3303.
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Background:The Observational and Medical Outcomes Partnerships (OMOP) common data model (CDM) provides a framework for standardising health data.Objectives:To map national biologic registry data collected from different European countries to the OMOP CDM.Methods:Five biologic registries are currently being mapped to the OMOP CDM: 1) the Czech biologics register (ATTRA), 2) Registro Español de Acontecimientos Adversos de Terapias Biológicas en Enfermedades Reumáticas (BIOBADASER), 3) British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register for Rheumatoid Arthritis (BSRBR-RA), 4) German biologics register ‘Rheumatoid arthritis observation of biologic therapy’ (RABBIT), and 5) Swiss register ’Swiss Clinical Quality Management in Rheumatic Diseases’ (SCQM).Data collected at baseline are being mapped first. Details that uniquely identify individuals are mapped to the person table, with the observation_period table defining the time a person may have had clinical events recorded. Baseline comorbidities are mapped to the condition_occurrence CDM table, while baseline medications are mapped to the drug_exposure CDM table. This mapping is summarised in Figure 1.Figure 1.Overview of initial mappingResults:A total of 64,901 individuals are included in the 5 registries being mapped to the OMOP CDM, see table 1. The number of unique baseline conditions being mapped range from 17 in BSRBR-RA to 108 in RABBIT, while the number of baseline medications range from 26 in ATTRA to 802 in BSRBR-RA. Those registries which captured more comorbidities or medications generally allowed for these to be inputted as free text.Table 1.Summary of initial code mappingRegistryNumber of individualsNumber of mapped baseline conditionsNumber of mapped baseline medicationsATTRA5,3262626BIOBADASER6,4963051BSRBR-RA21,69517802RABBIT13,06210878SCQM18,3222633Conclusion:Due to differences in study design and data capture, the baseline information captured on comorbidities and drugs across registries varies greatly. However, these data have been mapped and mapping biologic registry data to the OMOP CDM is feasible. The adoption of the OMOP CDM will facilitate collaboration across registries and allow for multi-database studies which include data from both biologic registries and other sources of health data which have been mapped to the CDM.Disclosure of Interests:Edward Burn: None declared, Lianne Kearsley-Fleet: None declared, Kimme Hyrich Grant/research support from: Pfizer, UCB, BMS, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Martin Schaefer: None declared, Doreen Huschek: None declared, Anja Strangfeld Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Jakub Zavada Speakers bureau: Abbvie, UCB, Sanofi, Elli-Lilly, Novartis, Zentiva, Accord, Markéta Lagová: None declared, Delphine Courvoisier: None declared, Christoph Tellenbach: None declared, Kim Lauper: None declared, Carlos Sánchez-Piedra: None declared, Nuria Montero: None declared, Jesús-Tomás Sanchez-Costa: None declared, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra Grant/research support from: Professor Prieto-Alhambra has received research Grants from AMGEN, UCB Biopharma and Les Laboratoires Servier, Consultant of: DPA’s department has received fees for consultancy services from UCB Biopharma, Speakers bureau: DPA’s department has received fees for speaker and advisory board membership services from Amgen
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Jeon, Eun-don, Kyu-uk Lee, and Chung-kook Lee. "Development of a New Clean Development Mechanism Methodology for the Quantification of Greenhouse Gas in Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (March 11, 2019): 1482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051482.
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The purpose of this research was to probe beyond the scope of the “National Strategy Project on Carbon Mineralization” to develop a “United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Clean Development Mechanism” (UNFCCC CDM) methodology that enables reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) by “green cement” under the calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement technologies. The findings will be utilized as the foundations and developed into the UNFCCC CDM project. There were two existing methodologies related to cement, but neither was applicable for CSA cement. The existing methodologies are applicable only when there is one clinker, but CSA cement utilizes more than one clinker. Through this research, we developed methodologies to use waste-based material for avoiding emission leakage and utilized more than one clinker to calculate GHG emissions and reduction. For this purpose, we utilized the CSA cement methodology for calculating GHG reduction compared to Portland cement and found that CSA cement allowed for a reduction of 0.281 tCO2-eq/ton above the reduction enabled by Portland cement. We are presently preparing to register the CSA cement methodology for UNFCCC CDM methodology approval. With the technology transfer and support for this CSA cement technology and methodology, developing countries will be able to achieve their national GHG reduction targets and gain carbon credits. Thus, CSA cement technology could serve as an important tool to deal with GHG emissions and climate change.
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Zhang, Fuqing, Mengxia Yao, Zhiping Lin, Yili Chen, Hui Jiang, Meina Zeng, and Wenhua Chen. "The Effects of Preoperative Oral Carbohydrate on Frequency of T and NK Cells in Patients with Cervical Cancer Treated Using Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study." BioMed Research International 2020 (March 17, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2101480.
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Background. Immune dysfunction can occur after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and surgery for cancer. We investigated whether preoperative oral carbohydrate affected the postoperative percentages of T cells (CD4+ and CD8+) and natural killer (NK) cells in patients with cervical cancer treated with NAC and surgery. Methods. This prospective cohort study enrolled consecutive patients with cervical cancer treated by radical hysterectomy with PLND at the Gynecologic Oncology Department of Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital (China) between January 2018 and December 2018. Patients were divided into three groups according to the treatment method: NAC (two cycles, surgery 1 month later), NAC+CHO (chemotherapy and surgical methods same as with the NAC group but with 300 mL of oral carbohydrate administered 2 h before surgery), and non-NAC (surgery alone). Percentages of NK, CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells were evaluated by flow cytometry the day after the first admission, just before surgery, immediately after tracheal tube removal, and the day after surgery. This trial is registered with NCT03872635 at clinicaltrials.com. Results. The final analysis included 77 patients (non-NAC group, n=26; NAC group, n=25; and NAC-CHO group, n=26). Baseline characteristics and preoperative NK, CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cell percentages were similar between groups. Postoperatively, all groups exhibited reductions in NK, CD3+, and CD4+ cell percentages and increases in CD8+ cell percentages (all P<0.05). The changes in NK, CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cell percentages were attenuated in the NAC-CHO group (P<0.05 vs. both other groups). Conclusion. Preoperative oral carbohydrate can improve the postoperative populations of NK and T cells after the treatment of cervical cancer by NAC and surgery.
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Konnova, Tatyana V., Aleksei A. Suzdaltsev, Dmitrii Yu Konstantinov, and Mariya P. Konnova. "Method for predicting the course of peritonsillar abscess in patients with exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis." Science and Innovations in Medicine 6, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2021-6-4-45-49.
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Objectives clinical and laboratory examination of patients with acute tonsillitis for early diagnosis and prognosis of peritonsillar abscess.
Material and methods. The study included 101 patient with lacunar tonsillitis complicated by peritonsillar abscess and 64 donors (control group). Immunological studies were performed according to WHO recommendations, on the basis of the immunological department of the EMB Research Institute and the immunological laboratory of the SamSMU.
Results. Immunological examination of patients with abscess showed an increase in: neutrophil phagocytic activity, CD4+/CD8+, the number of cells expressing HLA-DR+ markers, complement activity, IgA, IgM, IgG plasma concentration, fibronectin level, pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8, IL-1, IL-1 and a decrease in: the level of TNF-, myeloperoxidase activity, number of cells containing CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD20+, CD25+ markers. High correlation was registered between total lymphocytes and CD3+ and CD4+ cells (p 0.01); between CD3+ and CD4+ markers (p 0.01); as well as high correlation of IL-1 levels with IL-8 and IL-1 (p 0.01). Cluster analysis revealed different types of immune homeostasis. The first type (cluster) had high values of leukocytes (total), lymphocytes (total), cells with CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD20+, CD95+ and HLA-DR+ markers; the second type (cluster) was characterized by significantly lower levels of these immune status indicators. 41 patient had the first type of immune response, with an explicit clinical picture and rapid formation of an abscess. The second type of immune response was registered in 60 patients having a torpid course of the disease with delayed development of abscess. Further, to assess the type of immune reactions, it is necessary to substitute the values of indicators into the model and calculate the integral coefficient of the body's reaction (ICTROI and ICTROII).
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Egbert, Jesse, and Douglas Biber. "Do all roads lead to Rome?: Modeling register variation with factor analysis and discriminant analysis." Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 14, no. 2 (September 25, 2018): 233–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2016-0016.
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Abstract Previous theoretical and empirical research on register variation has argued that linguistic co-occurrence patterns have a highly systematic relationship to register differences, because they both share the same functional underpinnings. The goal of this study is to test this claim through a comparison of two statistical techniques that have been used to describe register variation: factor analysis (as used in Multi-Dimensional analysis, MDA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA). MDA and CDA have different statistical bases and thus give priority to different analytical considerations: linguistic co-occurrence in the case of MDA and the prediction of register differences in the case of CDA. Thus, there is no statistical reason to expect that the two techniques, if applied to the same corpus, will produce similar results. We hypothesize that although MDA and CDA approach register variation from opposite sides, they will produce similar results because both types of statistical patterns are motivated by underlying discourse functions. The present paper tests this claim through a case-study analysis of variation among web registers, applying MDA and CDA to analyze register variation in the same corpus of texts.
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Kovalev, M. A., E. V. Davydova, and A. V. Zurochka. "Immune phenotype of tissues from exudative lesions of Reinke’s space." Medical Immunology (Russia) 24, no. 3 (July 13, 2022): 507–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-ipo-2483.
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Non-inflammatory exudative lesions of Reinke’ pos space present the most common cause of phonation disorders in representatives of vocal professions. The leading role in pathogenesis of this disorder is given to the nearly complete absence of lymphatic drainage of Reinke space and local deposition of tissue fluid. The mechanisms of its progression are of particular importance when determining the condition of mucosaassociated laryngeal tissue. The aim of our work was to evaluate the parameters of immunohistochemical lymphocyte typing in exudative lesions from the Reinke’s space. Materials and methods: The main group consisted of 40 patients, at the mean age of 43.2±2.1 years, exhibiting tumor-like exudative lesions of Reinke’s space. The biopsy material was taken from the vocal folds, including polyps, vocal nodules and Reinke’s edema. Myxoid and angiomatous types of the polyps were separately assessed. Videofibrolaryngoscopy was performed using an Olympus TYPE 150 bronchofibroscope (Germany). Morphological studies were carried out using a DMRXA microscope (Leika, Germany) by means of the ImageScopeM computer program (Germany). The uniformly treated sections were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin (Biovitrum, Russia). Immunohistochemical quantitative assessment of the main T cell populations (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), B cells (CD20+), histiocytes (CD68+), and the cells expressing bcl-2 and p53 cell regulators was carried out automatically using the BenchMarkXT immunohistotainer (Ventana, USA). The results were expressed as U/mm2. Results and Discussion. Some special features of cellular immunophenotype were revealed in exudative lesions of Reinke’s space. Reinke’s edema was characterized by high content of CD3+ lymphocytes, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, p53 positive cells of the basal epithelium, as well as low numbers of CD68+, bcl-2 positive lymphocytes and cells of the basal epithelium. Myxoid type of polyps was characterized by low content of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ lymphocytes, bcl-2 positive lymphocytes and basal epithelium cells, CD68+ monocyte-macrophage cells, and high amounts of p53 positive basal epithelial cells. In the angioma-type polyps, we have registered low contents of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ lymphocytes, high numbers of monocyte-macrophage CD68+ cells, MMP-9+, bcl-2 positive lymphocytes, and low content of p53 positive cells of basal epithelium. The samples from the vocal nodules were characterized by low content of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ and p53 positive basal epithelial cells; high numbers of CD68+ cells (monocyte-macrophage series), MMP-9+ and bcl-2 positive lymphocytes.
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Berele, Birhanu Aberha, Yuxiang Cai, and Guifang Yang. "Prognostic Value of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: Meta-Analysis." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 20 (January 1, 2021): 153303382110342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330338211034265.
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Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. Method: Meta-analysis was performed on eligible studies that was identified by systematic searching of Google scholar, MEDLINE, CNKI, Scopus, PubMed, PMC, Embase and Web of Science databases. The study protocol was registered in International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols-INPLASY (registration number: INPLASY202160014). Databases were searched from inception to January 20, 2020 to identify eligible studies. Those studies that evaluated survival in the form of hazard ratio (HR) in TILs of NPC patients was analyzed. All statistical analysis was performed by using STATA version 16.0 software. Result: Fourteen studies with a total of 3025 patients was analyzed. The pooled result showed that high TILs was significantly associated with favorable overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.55; 95%CI = 0.39-0.77; P = 0.001) and disease free survival (DFS) (HR = 0.60; 95%CI = 0.44-0.81; P = 0.04). Interestingly, high intratumoral TILs had relatively better OS (HR = 0.45; 95%CI = 0.35-0.58; P = 0.006) than stromal TILs (HR = 0.59; 95%CI = 0.36-0.97; P = 0.03). Moreover, an increased level of CD4+ cells infiltration was correlated with favorable OS (HR = 0.4; 95%CI = 0.18-0.85; P = 0.01). CD3+, CD8+ and FoxP3+ lymphocyte’s better prognosis was not statistically significant for OS ( P = 0.09; P = 0.07; P = 0.52) and for DFS ( P = 0.13; P = 0.29) respectively. However, subgroup analysis of intratumoral CD3+ (HR = 0.48; 95%CI = 0.33-0.70; P = 0.05) and intratumoral CD8+ (HR = 0.32; 95%CI = 0.16-0.62; P = 0.001) was significantly associated with improved OS, but not significant in stromal CD3+ (HR = 0.66; 95%CI = 0.20-2.20; P = 0.62). Conclusion: TILs were variably correlated with better prognosis depending on their microanatomic location and subset of TILs in NPC patients. CD4+, intratumoral CD3+ and intratumoral CD8+ lymphocytes could predict favorable patient outcome which suggest that their role in mediating antitumor immune response could potentially be exploited in the treatment of NPC patients. Future large study on the prognostic value of microanatomic location of TILs is needed for confirmation.
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Zhang, Yajing, Jin Wang, Yao Wang, Xue-Chun Lu, Hui Fan, Yang Liu, Yan Zhang, et al. "Autologous CIK Cell Immunotherapy in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma after Radical Nephrectomy." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/195691.
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Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).Methods. 20 patients diagnosed with TNM stage I or II RCC were randomly divided into two groups, a CIK cell treatment group and a control group. The endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analyses.Results. CD3+, CD3+/CD8+, CD3+/CD4+, and CD3+/CD56+levels increased after CIK cell culture (P<0.01). The median PFS in CIK cell treatment group was significantly longer than that in control group (PFS, 32.2 months versus 21.6 months; log-rank,P=0.032), all patients were alive during the course of followup, and there are no statistically significant differences between two groups in OS (log-rank,P=0.214). Grade III or greater adverse events were not observed.Conclusions. CIK cells treatment could prolong survival in patients with RCC after radical nephrectomy and showed acceptable curative effect with potential enhancement of cellular immune function. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.govNCT01799083.
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Morelos, Joseph. "Lloyd's Register—Cyber CBM (Condition based maintenance)." APPEA Journal 57, no. 2 (2017): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16223.
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Classification survey requirements are anchored on the concept of a periodic, time-based preventive maintenance regime. The underlying principle of the periodic maintenance philosophy is that parts and components of equipment, machinery, systems and structures eventually wear out, thus the safety and reliability of parts and components – indeed the entire vessel – are directly correlated with time and operational age. While development of techniques and technologies have continuously improved surveys and inspection, the periodic maintenance philosophy has been the de-facto standard in marine and offshore industries for many decades. This paper presents Lloyd Register’s Cyber condition based maintenance (CBM) technique: a scalable evaluation of components, equipment, machinery, systems and structures that detects their emergent faults, and characterises their progression to failure. This is an important step in the evolution of in-service classification:moving away from a periodic, time-based maintenance regime into an intelligent, real-time and predictive vessel health maintenance regime.
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Minaev, S. V., Alina N. Grigorova, N. V. Filipeva, I. N. Gerasimenko, O. I. Sevryukova, and E. Z. Shamadaev. "A HISTOLOGICAL PICTURE OF BONE TISSUE IN CHILDREN WITH HEMATOGENOUS OSTEOMYELITIS." Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery 23, no. 5 (November 14, 2019): 254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9510-2019-23-5-254-257.
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Introduction. Currently, there is a limited number of works devoted to the comprehensive study of specific features of surgical treatment of patients with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) which includes histological and immune histochemical (IHC) tests of the bone marrow at different periods of the disease. In this regard, the purpose of our work was to make the morphological analyses of bone tissue and bone marrow fragments in children with hematogenous osteomyelitis. Material and methods. In 2013- 2016, in the department of purulent surgery of the city hospital in Stavropol, there were 64 children with AHO of long tubular bones aged from 3 to 17. 47 boys (73.4%), 17 girls (26.6%). The lesion was located in : femur - 25 (39.1%) children; tibia - 24 (37.5%); fibula - 6 (9.4%); humerus - 5 (7.8%); ulna - 3 (4.7%); radius - 1 (1.5%). All children had urgent osteoperforation of the affected bone. Bone slices were taken for histological examination and bone marrow fragments for IHC examination. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, pikrofuksin by Van Gieson, aniline blue by Mallory, trichrome by Masson. IHC examination was done using a standard protocol with anti-CD3, CD4, CD8 monoclonal antibodies. Results. In AHO, the histological examination has revealed fragments of spongy bone tissue, elements of yellow and red bone marrow with diffuse abundant leukocyte infiltration, hemorrhages in bone marrow spaces, microcore fractures and necrotic foci in the trabeculae, vast areas of pronounced autolytic resorption of the bone tissue. Accumulation of CD3+cells (2-4) is seen in the inflammation infiltrate areas located along the fistula passage. The expression of T-lymphocyte-helper markers, or CD4 +, is moderate in chronic osteomyelitis (2 points). The expression of T-lymphocyte suppressor marker, or CD8 +, is moderate in chronic osteomyelitis (2 points). Immunoreactive material - coarse granular, cytoplasmic, disseminated (3 points). CD8 + lymphocytes are seen in clusters of cells in the amount from 4-6 to 20-30. In addition, to our mind, the picture of structural location of lymphocytes, is not completed, since cells are moving to the zone of interaction of CD8 + lymphocytes. Conclusions. Thus, minor subpopulations of lymphocytes, in particular double-positive T cells, or CD3 + / CD4 + / CD8 + lymphocytes, or highly differentiated memory cells are registered in the red bone marrow of patients with AHO. It characterizes the immunoregulatory index of the organism and may indicate the presence of autoimmune component in the immune response. If even separate CD8 + lymphocytes are revealed in the bone marrow of children with hematogenous osteomyelitis at IHC, it may indicate a risk of complications.
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Martins, Faber Sérgio Bastos, and José Augusto Rodrigues Dos Santos. "Alterações agudas induzidas por uma prova de triathlon longo em diferentes biomarcadores enzimáticos e da função imune." Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício 11, no. 1 (November 13, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33233/rbfe.v11i1.3373.
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Objectivo: Analisar as alterações hematológicas agudas induzidas por uma prova de triathlon longo. Avaliou-se o comportamento de diversos biomarcadores enzimáticos e da função imune em atletas portugueses masculinos de triathlon. Métodos: 10 atletas seniores masculinos (31,5 ± 1,2 anos; 69,3 ± 1,9 kg; 177,7 ± 1,4 cm; 22,0 ± 0,8 de IMC e 10,1 ± 2,2 % GC) divididos em grupos elite e não-elite. Foram recolhidas amostras de sangue venoso periférico antes e imediatamente após as provas. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva, testes não-paramétricos de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney e coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Verificou-se o aumento da actividade das enzimas CK e AST (p < 0,05) em ambos os grupos. O aumento da actividade da enzima GGT (p < 0,05) ocorreu somente no grupo elite. Foi constatado, em ambos os grupos, um aumento da contagem leucocitária, fundamentalmente expressa pelo aumento da contagem de neutrófilos (p < 0,05). Após a prova, registou-se a diminuição da relação CD4/CD8 e aumento das concentrações dos linfócitos T CD3+CD8+, T CD4+reg e T CD4+CD69+ nos atletas dos grupos não-elite. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados sugerem que a intensidade e a duração da prova de triathlon condicionam as respostas dos diversos biomarcadores analisados em função do nível de treino dos atletas.Palavras-chave: triathlon, treino, actividade enzimática, sistema imune, linfócitos.
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Zhou, Wan, Shandong Ye, Wei Wang, Sumei Li, Qinggang Hu, and Takayuki Masaki. "Clinical Features of COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes and Secondary Hyperglycemia." Journal of Diabetes Research 2020 (August 24, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3918723.
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People with diabetes have higher risks of various infections. Therefore, these diabetic patients might be at increased risk of COVID-19 and have a poorer prognosis. Up until now, little is known about critical role in the pathogenesis. This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with diabetes and secondary hyperglycemia, as well as to explore the purported mechanisms. 80 confirmed COVID-19 subjects were classified into the euglycemia group, secondary hyperglycemia group, and diabetes group. Severity of COVID-19 was defined based on the diagnostic and treatment guideline for SARS-CoV-2 issued by Chinese National Health Committee. According to the severity of the disease, patients of the mild type and common type were registered as mild cases (patients with minimal symptoms and negative CT findings), while patients of the severe type and critical type were enrolled as severe cases (patients with positive CT findings and different extent of clinical manifestations). Patients in the diabetes group were older than those in the euglycemia group, and most of them were male. In the diabetes group, the proportion of severe cases was 57.14%, which was significantly higher than those in the other two groups, and 32% of the COVID-19 patients diagnosed as severe cases were with diabetes. The CD4+ cell counts in the diabetes group were lower than those in the other two groups, while the levels of LDH and hs-CRP were higher. Compared with the euglycemia group, the CD3+ cell counts and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio were decreased, whereas the levels of IL-6 were increased in the secondary hyperglycemia group and diabetes group, with the diversities in the diabetes group being especially more significant. The Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the presence of diabetes was positively correlated with age, hs-CRP, LDH, IL-6, CD8+ cells, and severity of COVID-19 and negatively correlated with CD3+ cell counts, CD4+ cell counts, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Compared with the other two groups, the diabetes group exhibited more diverse and multifocal features in CT imagings. Diabetes is a risk factor for influence of the progression and prognosis of COVID-19 due to ongoing inflammation and impaired immune response.
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Zhu, Tiao Yin. "Analysis of Imbalanced Distribution of CDM Registered Emissions Reductions across Host Countries." Advanced Materials Research 869-870 (December 2013): 808–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.869-870.808.
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Imbalanced distribution of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) registered emissions reductions across host countries was criticized by international community. The paper provided empirical analysis of influence factors to CDM registered emissions reductions across 76 host countries over 4000 projects. The result indicates distribution influencing factors are host country total emission, projects size, project investment, infrastructure and financial services, and they were similar with those factors to general international trade. Finally, the paper concludes distribution of CDM registered emissions reductions across host countries match macroeconomic development status, it demonstrates that CDM plays a normal role as market-based mechanisms.
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Marín Consarnau, Diana. "La “uniones registradas” en España como beneficiaria del derecho de la UE a propósito de la Directiva 2004/38/ce y del Reglamento (UE) 2016/1104 = Spanish “registered partnerships” as beneficiaries of EU law according to the Directive 2004/38 (ec) and the Regulation (EU) 2016/1104." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 9, no. 2 (October 5, 2017): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2017.3880.
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Resumen: El legislador europeo contempla las uniones registradas como modelos familiares beneficiarios del derecho a la libre circulación y residencia, cuyos obstáculos además precisan ser eliminados cuando se trata de resolver los problemas derivados en la administración o división de su patrimonio. Esta realidad impacta en el legislador interno a distintos niveles. Uno de ellos es la voluntad de plantearse si las parejas nacidas a la luz de la normativa interna pueden o no acogerse a las bondades que ofrecen los instrumentos europeos como son la Directiva 2004/38/CE, de 29 de abril de 2004 y el Reglamento (UE) 2016/1104, de 24 de junio de 2016. Cuestión a la que forzadamente se ha visto abocado el legislador catalán, cuyo intento de adaptación a la categoría de pareja registrada sigue presentando interrogantes tras el Decreto-ley 3/2015, de 6 de octubre, relativo a la creación del Registro de parejas estables.Palabras clave: unión registrada, libertad de circulación y residencia, derechos de residencia, efectos patrimoniales.Abstract: The aim of this report is to analyze the current situation of Spanish “registered partnerships “and the application of benefits included in the Directive 2004/38/EC of 29 April 2004 and in the Regulation (EU) 2016/1104 of 24 June 2016. The European instruments promote their freedom of movement and residence, the obstacles to which shall be eliminated, in particular regarding the difficulties experienced by couples in managing or dividing their property, although that impacts in the national Law in different levels. One of them implies to discussion concerning the application of both instruments according to the definition of registered partnership. In order to manage it, the Catalan Civil Code has been amended by the Decree-Law 3/2015 of October 6, relating to the creation of a Register of unmarried partners. However, the Catalan Register shows some characteristics that pose new questions to solve.Keywords: registered partnership, freedom of movement and residence, residence rights, property consequences.
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Romanelli, Roberto Giulio, Gianfranco Vitiello, Stefano Gitto, Maria Grazia Giudizi, Roberta Biagiotti, Alessia Carraresi, Francesco Vizzutti, Giacomo Laffi, and Fabio Almerigogna. "Characterization of lymphocyte subsets in ascitic fluid and peripheral blood of decompensated cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C and alcoholic liver disease: A pivotal study." International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology 34 (January 2020): 205873842092958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2058738420929587.
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Hepatitis C virus and alcoholic liver disease are major causes of chronic liver diseases worldwide. Little is known about differences between chronic hepatitis C and alcoholic liver disease in terms of lymphocytes’ sub-population. Aim of the present study was to compare the sub-populations of lymphocytes in both ascitic compartment and peripheral blood in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis C and alcoholic liver disease. Patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis C virus or alcoholic liver disease evaluated from April 2014 to October 2016 were enrolled. Whole blood and ascitic fluid samples were stained with monoclonal antibodies specific for human TCRɑβ, TCRɣδ, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CCR6, CD16, CD56, CD25, HLA-DR, Vɑ24. Sixteen patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis were recruited (9 with hepatitis C virus and 7 with alcoholic liver disease). In ascitic fluid, the percentage of both CD3+CD56− and CD3+CD56+iNKT cells resulted higher in hepatitis C virus patients than in alcoholic liver disease patients (1.82 ± 0.35% vs 0.70 ± 0.42% (p < 0.001) and 1.42 ± 0.35% vs 0.50 ± 0.30% (p < 0.001), respectively). Conversely, in peripheral blood samples, both CD3+CD56− and CD3+CD56+iNKT cells resulted significantly higher in alcoholic liver disease than in hepatitis C virus patients (4.70 ± 2.69% vs 1.50 ± 1.21% (p < 0.01) and 3.10 ± 1.76% vs 1.00 ± 0.70% (p < 0.01), respectively). Both elevation of iNKT cells in ascitic fluid and reduction in peripheral blood registered in hepatitis C virus but not in alcoholic liver disease patients might be considered indirect signals of tissutal translocation. In conclusion, we described relevant differences between the two groups. Alcoholic liver disease patients displayed lower number of CD3+CD4+ cells and a higher percentage of CD3−CD16+, Vα24+CD3+CD56− and Vα24+CD3+CD56+iNKT cells in ascitic fluid than hepatitis C virus positive subjects. Further studies might analyze the role of immune cells in the vulnerability toward infections and detect potential targets for new treatments especially for alcoholic liver disease patients.
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Seguro, Fernanda S., Felipe VR Maciel, Guilherme O. Lopes, Luciana Nardinelli, Vanderson Rocha, and Israel Bendit. "Lymphocyte Subpopulations and Expression of Immune Checkpoint Receptors PD-1 and Tim-3 in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in a Discontinuation Trial." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 1651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-125989.
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Introduction: Immunological factors have been associated with deep molecular response (DMR) and treatment-free remission (TFR) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Immune cell functions are restored in patients with DMR and this effect remains after TKI discontinuation. Recently, a multivariable model including CD4+ T cells, PD1+TIM3-CD8+ T cells and neutrophils counts showed ability to predict the likelihood of achieving molecular remission 4.0 (MR4) among other clinical parameters. In this prospective study of TKI discontinuation, we evaluated the expression of two checkpoint receptors, programmed death 1 (PD-1) and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3), in the T cell population of patients who successfully remained in TFR. We also evaluated lymphocyte subpopulations profile before and during TKI discontinuation. Materials and methods: This study was approved by local ethical committee and registered at the Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03239886). The inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 18 years, CML chronic phase, treatment with first line imatinib (IM) for at least 36 months, MR4 for at least 12 months confirmed with 3 samples, no previous transplant or resistance to therapy. IM was restarted when loss of major molecular response (MMR) was confirmed by two samples. The primary endpoint was the TFR rate at 24 months. Lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed in peripheral blood by flow cytometry before discontinuation, IM resumption or in the second year of follow up in patients in TFR. A 6-color flow cytometry panel including CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, PD-1 and Tim-3 antibodies was also used to study T cell exhaustion phenotype in this population. Results: Thirty-one patients were included in the study from Dec/2016 to Oct/2017. Median age was 54 years (range 29-95), 58% male, 55% with a low Sokal score, 65% with b3a2 BCR-ABL transcripts, 30% with prior use of interferon and 69% were in MR4.5. The median time of IM therapy was 9.4 years (range 3-14.9) and the median time of sustained MR4 was 6.7 years (range 1.6-10.6). One patient died two months after discontinuation due to acute heart failure (not related to CML). In a median follow up of 29 months (range 21-32), the TFR rate was 56% (95% CI 37-72). Thirteen patients (42%) lost MMR, six (46%) of them after six months of discontinuation. After resumption of IM, twelve patients (92%) recovered MR4; one patient achieved MMR. The median time to recover MMR and MR4 was 1 month and 2.4 months respectively. Lymphocytes subpopulations CD3+/CD4+/CD8-, CD3+/CD4-/CD8+ and CD3-/CD56+ (NK cells) proportions were similar among all patients and no variations were observed during the study. The overall median proportion of NK cell was 10.5%, being 13% in the TFR group vs 10% in relapsed patients (p 0.08). Proportion of NK cells and molecular response prior to discontinuation were associated with different rates of TFR as shown in figure 1. T cell exhaustion was evaluated in the TFR group (n=17) during the second year of follow up. The control group (n=13) were the patients that lost MMR during the study, but their samples were collected after they recovered MMR/MR4 with IM. Patients in TFR had a median proportion of PD-1+Tim3-CD8+ T cells of 30.6% (25.1-50.9) vs 18.9% (0.5-53.3) in the control group (p 0.009). No differences were observed in PD-1+Tim3+CD8+, PD-1-Tim3-CD8+ and in CD4+ T cells populations (figure 2). Conclusion: In this prospective cohort the median duration of sustained MR4 was above 5 years, as recommended by most guidelines of TKI discontinuation. Patients with only MR4 and lower counts of NK cells had the lowest probability to remain in TFR (28% vs 72%). This data suggests that the depth of molecular response combined with NK cells proportion might be useful to refine selection of patients for discontinuation trials. PD-1+Tim3-CD8+ T cells proportion was higher in patients who were free of TKI compared to those patients who had to resume imatinib. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether the reversion of T cell exhaustion phenotype is mediated by TKI and how this impacts the CD8+ T cells cytotoxicity of patients in TFR. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Brent, Jeffrey. "Lipid emulsion as antidotal therapy—Ready to register?" Critical Care Medicine 37, no. 7 (July 2009): 2326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181a9edf9.
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Cave, Grant, and Martyn Harvey. "Lipid emulsion as antidotal therapy—Ready to register?" Critical Care Medicine 37, no. 7 (July 2009): 2325–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181aabcd7.
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Tsoukas, Christos, Louise Gilbert, Trevor Lewis, George Hatzakis, Ron Falcon, and Joseph Mrus. "Improvements in Immune Function and Activation with 48-Week Darunavir/Ritonavir-Based Therapy: GRACE Substudy." ISRN AIDS 2013 (December 12, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/358294.
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Objective. During the course of HIV infection, progressive immune deficiency occurs. The aim of this prospective substudy was to evaluate the recovery of functional immunity in a subset of patients from the GRACE (Gender, Race, And Clinical Experience) study treated with a DRV/r-based regimen. Methods. The recovery of functional immunity with a darunavir/ritonavir-based regimen was assessed in a subset of treatment-experienced, HIV-1 infected patients from the GRACE study. Results. 19/32 patients (59%) enrolled in the substudy were virologically suppressed (<50 copies/mL). In these patients, median (range) CD4+ cell count increased from 222 (2, 398) cells/mm3 at baseline to 398 (119, 812) cells/mm3 at Week 48. CD8+% decreased significantly from baseline to Week 48 (P=.03). Proliferation of CD4+ lymphocytes in response to CD3+/CD28+, phytohemagglutinin, and pokeweed was significantly increased (P<.01) by Week 12. Proliferation in response to Candida and tetanus was significantly increased by Week 48 (P<.01 and P=.014, resp.). Staphylococcal enterotoxin B-stimulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-2 in CD4+ cells was significantly increased by Week 12 (P=.046) and Week 48 (P<.01), respectively. Conclusions. Darunavir/ritonavir-based therapy demonstrated improvements in CD4+ cell recovery and association with progressive functional immune recovery over 48 weeks. This trial is registered with NCT00381303.
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Holm Nielsen, Signe, Samra Sardar, Anne Sofie Siebuhr, Annette Schlemmer, Erik Berg Schmidt, Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen, Morten A. Karsdal, Jeppe Hagstrup Christensen, and Salome Kristensen. "Effect of n-3 PUFA on extracellular matrix protein turnover in patients with psoriatic arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial." Rheumatology International 41, no. 6 (April 22, 2021): 1065–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00296-021-04861-z.
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AbstractPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by involvement of skin, axial and peripheral skeleton. An altered balance between extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and breakdown is a key event in PsA, and changes in ECM protein metabolites may provide insight to tissue changes. Dietary fish oils (n-3 PUFA) might affect the inflammation driven tissue turnover. The aim was to evaluate ECM metabolites in patients with PsA compared to healthy individuals and investigate the effects of n-3 PUFA. The 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of PUFA included 142 patients with PsA. Fifty-seven healthy individuals were included for comparison. This study is a sub-study investigating biomarkers of tissue remodelling as secondary outcomes. Serum samples at baseline and 24 weeks and healthy individuals were obtained, while a panel of ECM metabolites reflecting bone and soft tissue turnover were measured by ELISAs: PRO-C1, PRO-C3, PRO-C4, C1M, C3M, C4M, CTX-I and Osteocalcin (OC). C1M, PRO-C3, PRO-C4 and C4M was found to be elevated in PsA patients compared to the healthy individuals (from 56 to 792%, all p < 0.0001), where no differences were found for OC, CTX-I, PRO-C1 and C3M. PRO-C3 was increased by 7% in patients receiving n-3 PUFA after 24 weeks compared to baseline levels (p = 0.002). None of the other biomarkers was changed with n-3 PUFA treatment. This indicates that tissue turnover is increased in PsA patients compared to healthy individuals, while n-3 PUFA treatment for 24 weeks did not have an effect on tissue turnover. Trial registration NCT01818804. Registered 27 March 2013–Completed 18 February 2016. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01818804?term=NCT01818804&rank=1
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Shah, Sumayya, and Saleem Hussain Mir. "IMMUNOPHENOTYPIC PROFILE OF T ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKAEMIA IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE - OUR EXPERIENCE." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): 952–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12089.
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Background:Studying the immunophenotypic profile of T-ALL patients in Kashmir and correlation of various demographic factors. Methods: 36 patients of all age groups were registered for this study of which 35 were included in the analyses. Result: 82.86% were males and 17.14% were females. 51.43% had common thymocyte T-ALL, 28.57% had pro T-ALL and 20% had mature thymocyte T-ALL. The average age at presentation was 18.60 years. 51.43% were CD1a positive. CD2 was positive in 70.83%. 88.57% were CD5 positive while 100% were positive for CD7. 42.86% were CD34 positive. The average bone marrow blast percentage was 82.43%. The average peripheral blood TLC was 92.73 x 103 cells/cumm. Conclusion: This is the first study to report immunophenotypic and demographic profile of T-ALL in Kashmir with the aim to increase understanding of the disease and contributing to more suitable treatment options.
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Di Ianni, Mauro, Beatrice Del Papa, Lorenzo Moretti, Maria De Ioanni, Elisabetta Bonifacio, Franca Falzetti, and Antonio Tabilio. "Human Mesenchymal Cells Control T Regulatory Phenotypes and Functions." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 2308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2308.2308.
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Abstract Despite much investigation into T regulatory cells (Tregs), little is known about the mechanism controlling their recruitment and function. Since mesenchymal cells (MSCs) exert an immune regulatory function and suppress T cell proliferation, this in vitro study investigated their role in Treg recruitment and function. hMSCs and different T cell populations (CD3+, CD3+/CD45RA+, CD3+/CD45RO+, CD4+/CD25+, CD4+/CD25+/CD45RO+, CD4+/CD25+/CD45RA+) from healthy donors were co-cultured for up to 15 days. Harvested lymphocytes were analysed by flow-cytometry; FoxP3 and CD127 expression were measured by real time PCR; regulatory activity was assessed. Within CD3+ fraction, percentages of CD4+/CD25bright and CD4+/CD25bright/Foxp3+ cells were higher in the presence of hMSCs (42% vs 34% for the CD4+/CD25bright and 20.5 vs 3.5 for the CD4+/CD25bright/Foxp3+). Within CD3+/CD45RA+ and CD3+/CD45RO+ fractions, the T reg starting fraction of the naïve population rose from 0.05% ± 0.01 CD4/CD25 positive cells to 0.2% ± 0.14 and the T reg starting fraction of the memory population rose from 0.3% ± 0.05 CD4/CD25 positive cells to 1.5% ± 0.9. Within CD4+/CD25+, CD4+/CD25+/CD45RA+, CD4+/CD25+/CD45RO+, FoxP3 expression did not change in CD4+/CD25+ cells. It increased 5.38±2.3 fold in CD4+/CD25+/CD45RA+ and 7.98±1.9 fold in CD4+/CD25+/CD45RO+ cells. CD127 expression decreased by -582±29.2 fold in CD4+/CD25+ cells, by -216±17.5 fold in CD4+/CD25+/CD45RA+ and by -71.95±12.6 fold in CD4+/CD25+/CD45RO+ cells. Cytofluorimetric analysis showed CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+ was up-regulated to 14%±4 and CD127 down-regulated to 4.4%±1.5 vs respectively 0.2%±0.28 and 21.9%±3.5 in controls without MSCs (CD4+/CD25+ alone). FoxP3 up-regulation was more marked in CD4+/CD25bright cells (51%±10 vs 0.1%±0.7 in controls). Sorted Tregs exert potent immunosuppressive activity on CD4+/CD25- cell populations. Inhibitory activity was lost within 15 days when sorted T regs were cultured without hMSC. On day +15 proliferation using CD4+/CD25+ cells as suppressor cells was 1.7±0.8 vs 45.2±12 in controls; proliferation using CD4/CD25+/CD45RA+ as suppressor cells was 5.4±3.1, vs 21.3±11.2 in controls, and proliferation with CD4+/CD25+/RO+ as suppressor cells was 2.3±2 vs 33.5±8.7 in controls. We demonstrate MSC recruit Tregs from a fraction of CD3+ and from immunoselected CD3+/CD45RA+ and CD3+/CD45RO+ fractions. After culture with MSCs both immunoselected fractions registered increases in the CD4+/CD25bright/FoxP3 subset and CD127 expression was down regulated. When purified Treg populations (CD4/CD25+, CD4/CD25+/CD45RA+ and CD4/CD25+/CD45RO+) were used as fraction for hMSC co-cultures, they maintain FoxP3 expression and CD127 expression is down-regulated. Treg suppressive capacity was maintained in Treg populations that were layered on MSC for up to 15 days while control Tregs lost all suppressive activity after 5 days culture. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that MSCs recruit, regulate and maintain T regulatory phenotype and function over time.
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Kolbatskaya, Olga P., Tatiana V. Gorbunova, and Nikolai N. Tupitsyn. "А Study of the Amount of CD57+ Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in Bone Marrow associated with the Development of Small Round Cell Sarcomas in Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study." Oncopediatrics 5, no. 1 (April 20, 2018): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/onco.v5i1.1864.
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Background.There is little data on the number of CD57+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) in the bone marrow of healthy children and children with developing small round cell sarcomas (rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing`s sarcoma).Objective.Our aim was to study the amount of CD57 + CTL in bone marrow of children with developing small round cell sarcomas.Methods.A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted for the period of 2006–2011. It enrolled 47 patients aged 1–17 y.o. (mean age — 8.6 years) who underwent the bone marrow aspiration; the examination results were studied with morphological and immunocytometric method. The obtained mean values of CD57+ T-cell were processed by the statistical program SPSS17.Results.Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) was diagnosed in 16 patients, Ewing`s sarcoma (ES) — in 16 patients. The control group included 15 patients with no malignant tumours. In patients with ES, higher percent of CD3+CD57+ (p=0.022) and CD8+CD57+ (p=0.028) subpopulations was registered. The percentage and absolute level of CD3+CD57+ and CD8+CD57+ T-cells in the bone marrow of patients with RMS did not differ from the control (p=0.125 and р=0.181 respectively). Comparison of percentage of CD3+CD57+ and CD8+CD57+ T-lymphocyte subpopulations in subjects of both groups revealed no differences (р=0.091 and р=0.060 respectively). We registered higher amount of CD3+CD57+ and CD8+CD57+ T-cell subpopulations in patients with ES than in patients with RMS (p=0.009 and p=0.014 respectively).Conclusion.Each malignant disease when diagnosing is characterized by specific changes in the patterns of CD57 + CTL subpopulations derived from the bone marrow which allows to reveal its clinical and prognostic significance, understand better the mechanisms of interaction between the tumor and the immune system, and serve for the development of immunotherapy programs.
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Yeoh, Chit Cheng, Iolia Akaev, Sharon Glaysher, Mridula Chopra, Anzhela Krol, and Siavash Rahimi. "Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma and Waldeyer ring squamous cell carcinoma PDL-1 expression: A large, retrospective, single institution site series on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, looking at the relationship with morphology, human papilloma virus and p16." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 5_suppl (February 10, 2018): TPS119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.5_suppl.tps119.
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TPS119 Background: The most frequent type of epithelial malignancy in oral cavity and Waldeyer's ring (WR) is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Patients with Head and Neck SCC (HNSCC) show reduced levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells compare to healthy controls. SCCs with a higher number of intra-tumoural CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes are associated with better prognosis. Programmed death receptor ligand (PD-L1 ) is present on the surface of neoplastic cells in SCC. T cells harbour inhibitory receptors (the so-called immune checkpoints) such as PD-1. Activation of this immune checkpoints results in T cell deactivation. The PD-1/PDL-1 interaction provokes an immunosuppressive effect which allows the tumour to evade immune destruction. However, WR SCCs present some diversities comparing to oral cavity SCC: younger age, frequent neck LN metastasis, often cystic, distinct morphology: often undifferentiated and solid (nonkeratinizing basal cell morphology), better prognosis, often HPV+, often p16+, an increased number of CD56+ cytotoxic NK. Methods: We have a series of 90 cases of epithelial malignancy in oral cavity and Waldeyer's ring (WR)Squamous cell Carcinoma, registered for Ethics IRAS number for Translational study with Immunohistochemistry; Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); Fluorescence in Situ Hybridisation (FISH); Next Generation Sequencing; Digital Imaging scanning and visualising microscopy. The Study will show the relationship of PDL-1 expression with morphology, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and p16 expression, answering if the oral cavity SCC and Waldeyer's Ring SCC express PD-L1 in the same way.
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Blasch, Lisa. "Indexing authenticity in visual political (social media) communication: a metapragmatics-based analysis of two visual registers of the authentic." Multimodal Communication 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mc-2020-0019.
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Abstract In this paper, I apply a metapragmatics-based approach to visual communication, combined with adapted concepts of Social Semiotics (“visual modality”) and CDA-oriented visual analysis (“canons of use”), to reconstruct two visual registers of authenticity which are prevailing within a social media photo sample of recent Austrian chancellor Sebastian Kurz (Facebook, Instagram; total of 84 photos), posted during the parliamentary elections in 2017. Triangulated with the discourse analysis of the marketing manager’s metapragmatic reflections on this social media campaign, the study shows how the partly intertwined registers of (1) “professional sensorism” (as a blended register comprising emblems of sensory modality and balanced composition, thereby drawing on the conceptualization of authenticity as sensory and affective experience of “now”) and (2) “voyeuristic fictionalization” (comprising indexicals associated with fiction genre, and based on the notion of authenticity as arising via “unnoticed observing”) are conceptualized and implemented as a—superior—visual stylization, acting as a social positioning, in mediatized political communication.
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Sokolenko, V. L., and S. V. Sokolenko. "Influence of moderate physical load on parameters of the immune system among residents of contaminated areas." Visnyk of Dnipropetrovsk University. Biology, medicine 7, no. 1 (March 23, 2016): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021609.
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The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of physical stress caused by physical activity on parameters of immune system among the residents of areas contaminated with radionuclides. In the 2000–2015 we examined 125 students ofCherkasyStateUniversity, including the control group of people from uncontaminated areas, persons working in a basic physical training group and those with symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia, who worked in a therapeutic physical training group. Immune system parameters were analyzed: a day before physical training, immediately after the training and two days after the training to assess the recovery period. Indicators of cellular immunity were determined by immunophenotyping and dyeing on Romanowsky-Giemsa. The level of immunoglobulins in blood serum was determined by radial immunodiffusion on Mancini. The level of cortisol in blood serum was determined by the immunoenzyme method. Here we established that even in the absence of physical activity, some immunosuppression of T-cell immunity was observed in residents of contaminated areas. Working in the basic physical training group resulted in a significant decrease in the relative number of lymphocytes and increasing in the relative number of band neutrophils, which is a typical feature of the early stages of stress response. A statistically significant reduction in relative and absolute number of cells with phenotypes CD3+, CD5+, CD4+ and immunoregulatory index CD4+/CD8+ was observed. There were no significant changes of cytotoxic T lymphocytes with phenotype CD8+ and natural killer cells with phenotype CD16+. Increase of the relative number of B cells, that express CD72 antigen, and growth trend in serum IgM were registered. All parameters analyzed were within the physiological homeostatic norm, however, some reached extreme recommended levels. Recovery period lasted 2 days. Individuals working in therapeutic physical training group did not show statistically significant changes in immune system parameters. Thus, therapeutic exercises don't reach the stress level and can be potentially safe for the natural resistance of the body. So, among residents of areas contaminated with radionuclides due to the Chernobyl accident, moderate load during physical training lessons causes short-term compensatory changes of cellular immunity within the homeostatic norm with effective and rapid recovery. Taking into account the immunosuppression, caused by chronic exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation, it is important to choose exercises, their duration and intensity carefully , giving preference to therapeutic exercises.
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Martins, Faber Sérgio Bastos, and José Augusto Rodrigues Dos Santos. "Modulação dos marcadores de ativação linfocitária induzida por três diferentes competições de triathlon." Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício 13, no. 2 (April 10, 2014): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33233/rbfe.v13i2.3292.
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Introdução: A ativação do sistema nervoso simpático durante o exercício físico influencia a resposta imunológica através da produção e libertação de catecolaminas e glucocorticóides, responsáveis pela redistribuição dos linfócitos, exercendo uma ação imunossupressora sobre o organismo. Objectivo: Analisar os efeitos de três diferentes provas de triathlon na modulação dos marcadores de ativação linfocitária. Métodos: Foram estudados 10 atletas masculinos (31,5 ± 1,2 anos; 69,3 ± 1,9 kg; 177,7 ± 1,4 cm; 22,0 ± 0,8 de IMC e 10,1 ± 2,2 % GC) divididos em grupos elite e não-elite. Foram recolhidas amostras de sangue venoso periférico antes e imediatamente após as provas. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva, testes não-paramétricos de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney e coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Foram observados, após o TL, aumentos da contagem linfocitária do fenótipo TCD3+CD4+CD25+ (reguladoras) nos grupos elite (151,1%, p = 0,015) e não-elite (83,8%, p = 0,000). O biomarcador CD3+CD4+CD69 registou um comportamento conflitual após o TL, tendo aumentado 87,5% (p = 0,009) no grupo elite e diminuído 124,5% (p = 0,023) nos não-elite. O fenótipo citotóxico CD8+CD127 sofreu reduções em todas as provas, somente no grupo elite. Após o TO observou-se um incremento da contagem das células que expressam o marcador CD4+CD45RO+ em ambos os grupos (p < 0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados sugerem que a intensidade e a duração das provas de triathlon modulam o comportamento dos biomarcadores de ativação linfocitária em função do nível do treino dos triatletas.Palavras-chave: leucocitose, linfopenia, cortisol, catecolaminas, interleucinas.
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Ellis, B., J. J. Perry, and M. Hartwick. "P044: Register to donate while you wait: assessing public acceptability of utilizing the emergency department waiting room for organ and tissue donor registration." CJEM 20, S1 (May 2018): S72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.242.
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Introduction: Our study objectives were to assess the acceptability of using the emergency department (ED) waiting room to provide knowledge on, and offer opportunities for organ and tissue donor registration; and to identify barriers to the donor registration process in Ontario. Methods: We conducted a paper based in-person survey over nine days for eight hour blocks in March and April 2017. The survey instrument was created in English using existing literature and expert opinion, pilot tested and then translated into French. The study collected data from patients and visitors in an urban academic Canadian tertiary care ED waiting room. All adults in the waiting room were approached to participate during the study periods. Individuals waiting in clinical care areas were excluded, as well as those who required immediate treatment. Results: The number of attempted surveys was 324; 67 individuals (20.7%) refused to partake. A total of 257 surveys were distributed and five were returned blank. This gave us a response rate of 77.8% with 252 completed surveys. The median age group was 51-60 years old with 55.9% female. Forty-six percent were Christian (46.0%) and 34.1% did not declare a religious affiliation. Nearly half of participants (44.1%) were registered organ donors. The majority of participants agreed or were neutral (83.3%) that the ED waiting room was an acceptable place to provide information on organ and tissue donation. Further, 82.1% agreed or were neutral that the ED was an acceptable place to register as an organ donor. Nearly half (47.2%) agreed that they would consider registering while in the ED waiting room. A number of barriers to registering as an organ and tissue donor were identified. The most common were: not knowing how to register (22.0%), a lack of time to register (21.1%), and having unanswered questions regarding organ and tissue donation (18.7%). Conclusion: Individuals waiting in the ED are supportive of using the ED waiting room for distributing information regarding organ and tissue donation, and facilitating organ and tissue donation registration. Developing such a practice could help to reduce some of the identified barriers, including a lack of time and having unanswered questions regarding donation.
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Chen, C., and M. Ahmadi. "Register-transfer-level power estimation based on technology decomposition." IEE Proceedings - Circuits, Devices and Systems 150, no. 5 (2003): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-cds:20030603.
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Alouani, Ihsen, Hamzeh Ahangari, Ozcan Ozturk, and Smail Niar. "Power‐efficient reliable register file for aggressive‐environment applications." IET Computers & Digital Techniques 14, no. 1 (April 15, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-cdt.2018.5047.
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Lim, K. H., Y. H. Kim, and T. Kim. "Interconnect and communication synthesis for distributed register-file microarchitecture." IET Computers & Digital Techniques 3, no. 2 (2009): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-cdt:20080019.
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Sarasalo, Elina, Bo Bergman, and Janos Toth. "Repetitive shoplifting in Stockholm, Sweden: a register study of 1802 cases." Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health 8, no. 4 (November 1998): 256–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbm.265.
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Sereti, Irini, Richard M. Dunham, John Spritzler, Evgenia Aga, Michael A. Proschan, Kathy Medvik, Catherine A. Battaglia, et al. "IL-7 administration drives T cell–cycle entry and expansion in HIV-1 infection." Blood 113, no. 25 (June 18, 2009): 6304–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-10-186601.
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Abstract Interleukin 7 (IL-7) is a common gamma chain receptor cytokine implicated in thymopoiesis and in peripheral expansion and survival of T lymphocytes. The safety and activity of recombinant human IL-7 (rhIL-7) administration were therefore examined in HIV-infected persons. In this prospective randomized placebo-controlled study, a single subcutaneous dose of rhIL-7 was well tolerated with biologic activity demonstrable at 3 μg/kg and a maximum tolerated dose of 30 μg/kg. Injection site reactions and transient elevations of liver function tests were the most notable side effects. Transient increases in plasma HIV-RNA levels were observed in 6 of 11 IL-7–treated patients. Recombinant hIL-7 induced CD4 and CD8 T cells to enter cell cycle; cell-cycle entry was also confirmed in antigen-specific CD8 T cells. Administration of rhIL-7 led to transient down-regulation of the IL-7 receptor alpha chain (CD127) in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Single-dose rhIL-7 increased the numbers of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, predominantly of central memory phenotype. The frequency of CD4+ T cells with a regulatory T-cell phenotype (CD25high CD127low) did not change after rhIL-7 administration. Thus, rhIL-7 has a biologic and toxicity profile suggesting a potential for therapeutic trials in HIV infection and other settings of lymphopenia. This clinical trial has been registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov under NCT0099671.
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Pochtar, Evgeniy Vladimirovich, S. A. Lugovskaya, E. V. Naumova, E. A. Dmitrieva, A. I. Kostin, and V. V. Dolgov. "Specific features of T- and NK-cellular immunity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 66, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-6-345-352.
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Profound immunological dysfunction is the key factor determining the development of infectious complications in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The aim of this work is to assess the features of the subpopulation composition of T-lymphocytes (T-helpers (Th), cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (Tcyt), T regulatory cells (Treg), T-NK cells, naive Th, Th-memory, activated T-lymphocytes, TCRγδ cells) and NK cells in peripheral blood of patients with newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and receiving ibrutinib therapy. Hematological and immunophenotypic studies have been performed in 30 patients with previously untreated CLL, 122 patients on ibrutinib therapy and 20 healthy donors. The subpopulation composition of T-lymphocytes (Th, Tcyt, Treg, T-NK, naive T-helpers, memory T-helpers, TCRγδ cells, activated T-lymphocytes) and NK cells has been assessed on flow cytometer (FACSCanto II (BD)) using the following panel of monoclonal antibodies: CD45, CD19, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, TCRγδ, CD127, CD16, CD56, CD57 CD45RA, CD45R0, HLA-DR, CD25. Compared to controls all CLL samples were found to have higher the absolute number of T-lymphocytes, NK cells and their subpopulations, T-helpers (especially of memory T-cells), cytotoxic T-cells, regulatory T-cells, TCRγδ T-cells, activated T-lymphocytes, increased cytotoxic potential of NK cells in previously untreated CLL patients. Patients who received ibrutinib therapy have registered a positive trend towards recovery of the subpopulation composition of T-lymphocytes and NK-cells. CLL patients have been found to have quantitative and functional changes in the subpopulations of T-lymphocytes and NK cells, indicating dysregulation of the immune response, and a high risk of developing infections. Monitoring of immunological parameters for ibrutinib therapy make possible to estimate impact of ibrutinib on the adaptive anti-CLL immune response.
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Sutter, Christoph, and Juan Carlos Parreño. "Does the current Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) deliver its sustainable development claim? An analysis of officially registered CDM projects." Climatic Change 84, no. 1 (July 7, 2007): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-007-9269-9.
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Leroux-Roels, Geert, Patricia Bourguignon, Julie Willekens, Michel Janssens, Frédéric Clement, Arnaud M. Didierlaurent, Laurence Fissette, François Roman, and Dominique Boutriau. "Immunogenicity and Safety of a Booster Dose of an Investigational Adjuvanted Polyprotein HIV-1 Vaccine in Healthy Adults and Effect of Administration of Chloroquine." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 21, no. 3 (January 3, 2014): 302–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00617-13.
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ABSTRACTThis phase II study evaluated the effect of chloroquine on the specific CD8+T-cell responses to and the safety of a booster dose of investigational human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) F4/AS01Bvaccine containing 10 μg of recombinant fusion protein (F4) adjuvanted with the AS01Badjuvant system. Healthy adults aged 21 to 41 years, primed 3 years before with two F4/AS01Bdoses containing 10 or 30 μg of F4 (ClinicalTrials.govregistration number NCT00434512), were randomized (1:1) to receive the F4/AS01Bbooster administered alone or 2 days after chloroquine (300 mg). F4-specific CD8+/CD4+T-cell responses were characterized by intracellular cytokine staining and lymphoproliferation assays and anti-F4 antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). No effect of chloroquine on CD4+/CD8+T-cell and antibody responses and no vaccine effect on CD8+T-cell responses (cytokine secretion or proliferation) were detected following F4/AS01Bbooster administration.In vitro, chloroquine had a direct inhibitory effect on AS01Badjuvant properties; AS01-induced cytokine production decreased upon coincubation of cells with chloroquine. In the pooled group of participants primed with F4/AS01Bcontaining 10 μg of F4, CD4+T-cell and antibody responses induced by primary vaccination persisted for at least 3 years. The F4/AS01Bbooster induced strong F4-specific CD4+T-cell responses, which persisted for at least 6 months with similar frequencies and polyfunctional phenotypes as following primary vaccination, and high anti-F4 antibody concentrations, reaching higher levels than those following primary vaccination. The F4/AS01Bbooster had a clinically acceptable safety and reactogenicity profile. An F4/AS01Bbooster dose, administered alone or after chloroquine, induced robust antibody and F4-specific CD4+T-cell responses but no significant CD8+T-cell responses (cytokine secretion or proliferation) in healthy adults. (This study has been registered atClinicalTrials.govunder registration number NCT00972725).
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Ruiz-Bailén, Manuel, Juan Francisco Brea-Salvago, Eduardo Aguayo de Hoyos, Luis Rucabado-Aguilar, Guillermo García Escudero, Sergio Martínez-Escobar, Fernando Rossel-Ortiz, et al. "Post-thrombolysis intracerebral hemorrhage: Data from the Spanish Register ARIAM*." Critical Care Medicine 33, no. 8 (August 2005): 1829–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000171538.61759.09.
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Jackson, D. L., R. Kelly, and L. E. M. Brackenbury. "Differential register bank design for self timed differential bipolar technology." IEE Proceedings - Circuits, Devices and Systems 144, no. 5 (1997): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-cds:19971482.
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Shieh, M. D., T. P. Wang, and D. W. Yang. "Low-power register-exchange survivor memory architectures for Viterbi decoders." IET Circuits, Devices & Systems 3, no. 2 (April 1, 2009): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-cds.2008.0262.
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Zonios, Dimitrios I., Judith Falloon, John E. Bennett, Pamela A. Shaw, Doreen Chaitt, Michael W. Baseler, Joseph W. Adelsberger, et al. "Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia: natural history and prognostic factors." Blood 112, no. 2 (July 15, 2008): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-12-127878.
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AbstractIdiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare non–HIV-related syndrome with unclear natural history and prognosis. This prospective natural history cohort study describes the clinical course, CD4 T lymphocyte kinetics, outcome, and prognostic factors of ICL. Thirty-nine patients (17 men, 22 women) 25 to 85 years old with ICL were evaluated between 1992 and 2006, and 36 were followed for a median of 49.5 months. Cryptococcal and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections were the major presenting opportunistic infections. Seven patients presented with no infection. In 32, CD4 T-cell counts remained less than 300/mm3 throughout the study period and in 7 normalized after an average of 31 months. Overall, 15 (41.6%) developed an opportunistic infection in follow-up, 5 (13.8%) of which were “AIDS-defining clinical conditions,” and 4 (11.1%) developed autoimmune diseases. Seven patients died, 4 from ICL-related opportunistic infections, within 42 months after diagnosis. Immunologic analyses revealed increased activation and turnover in CD4 but not CD8 T lymphocytes. CD8 T lymphocytopenia (< 180/mm3) and the degree of CD4 T cell activation (measured by HLA-DR expression) at presentation were associated with adverse outcome (opportunistic infection-related death; P = .003 and .02, respectively). This trial is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00001319.
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Cheson, B. D., J. M. Sorensen, D. A. Vena, M. J. Montello, J. A. Barrett, E. Damasio, M. Tallman, et al. "Treatment of hairy cell leukemia with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine via the Group C protocol mechanism of the National Cancer Institute: a report of 979 patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 16, no. 9 (September 1998): 3007–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1998.16.9.3007.
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PURPOSE To provide cladribine (CdA) to physicians for the treatment of patients with previously treated or untreated hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and to determine the response rate, response duration, survival, and toxicity with this agent. PATIENTS AND METHODS This Group C phase II study was open to all eligible patients whose primary physician obtained written permission from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to register patients onto this protocol. Of 979 patients registered, 861 were assessable for response and 895 for toxicity. RESULTS The complete remission (CR) rate was 50% and the partial remission (PR) rate was 37%. At a median follow-up of 52 months, 12% of patients were reported to have progressed and 62 (7%) have died of disease. CONCLUSION This large experience confirms the excellent response rates and remission duration of CdA in patients with HCL. Nevertheless, the response rates in this setting, which approximates general clinical practice, were lower than in other series. In general, CdA was well tolerated, but the potential increased risk for secondary malignancies requires additional follow-up evaluation. CdA can now be considered as one of the best agents for the treatment of HCL.
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Fu, Shunlian, Lisha Sun, Yiding Chen, Qian Zhou, Lijun Yuan, Zinan Li, and Qiu Chen. "Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Treating Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (September 22, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6108772.
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Background. Due to the limited treatment options in antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in children, more effective treatments should be explored. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history in China, which has produced a pretty effect in clinical practice. Many randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have explored the effect of traditional Chinese medicine on treating AAD in children. However, there has been no systematic review or meta-analysis on the impact of TCM on AAD in children. The aim of this study was to systematically review RCTs on the effect of TCM in children with AAD. Methods. RCTs in the past ten years on TCM for AAD in children were included. We searched Electronic databases as much as possible. This paper was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022301034). Results. 26 studies were included in this systematic review. 25 studies reported the effects of TCM interventions on the total effective rate (RR = 1.20, CI 1.16 to 1.24; p < 0.001 ). 7 studies reported the effects of TCM interventions on the time to change the shape of feces (MD = −1.37, CI −1.67 to −1.07; p < 0.001 ). 17 studies reported the effects of TCM interventions (MD = −1.43, CI −1.71 to −1.15; p < 0.001 ). The pooled results showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4 : CD8, time for bowel sounds to return to normal, hs-CRP, and IgM. There was a significant difference between the two groups in frequency of diarrhea on the third day after TCM intervention, vomiting improvement time, diamine oxidase, IL-8, TNF, IgA, IgG, and average hospital stay. Conclusions. TCM interventions combined with conventional therapy can improve the therapeutic effect of AAD in children. However, future studies are still needed for the low methodological quality.
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Kit, Oleg I., Ellada A. Mirzoyan, Elena A. Dzhenkova, Aleksandr B. Sagakyants, Inna A. Novikova, Elena S. Bondarenko, Elena Yu Zlatnik, et al. "Local cellular immunity in colorectal cancer depending on tumor site." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): e15613-e15613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e15613.
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e15613 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer. More than 60% of all cases of CRC are colon cancer (CC). The role of individual units of the immune system in the development of this tumor is ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to characterize local populations and subpopulations of immunocompetent cells in colorectal cancer with different tumor locations. Methods: The study included 50 CC (adenocarcinoma) patients aged 35-86 years, women n = 26 (52%). Stage I tumors were registered in 4 patients (8%), stage II 25 (50%), stage III 21 (42%). 20 patients (40%) had right-sided CC (group 1), 9 (18%) left-sided CC (group 2), and 21 (42%) sigmoid CC (group 3). All patients received surgical treatment. Cell suspensions were obtained from tumor (TT) and peritumoral tissues (PT) (1-3 cm from the tumor), and then processed with an antibody panel in accordance with the manufacturer instructions (Becton Dickinson, USA) to identify the main populations and subpopulations of leukocytes and lymphocytes. The relative number of major populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes was determined on the BD FACSCanto flow cytometer. Results: A decrease in lymphocytic infiltration was noted left-sided tumors and sigmoid tumors compared to right-sided CC, by 46% and 51%, respectively. The percentage of CD3+ cells was almost the same regardless of the colon tumor location, and the number of main populations of T lymphocytes differed: in group 3, the content of CD4+ cells was 21% higher, and CD8+ cells were 22% lower compared with group 1, while group 2 had no differences. Group 2 differed in the tumor infiltration with both NK and NKT lymphocytes, which were higher by 25% and 22%, respectively, than in group 1. An increase in NK cells was noted in the sigmoid colon (group 3), and the relative number of NKT lymphocytes decreased. A common feature of TT in groups 2 and 3 was an increase in the content of B lymphocytes by 98% and 133%, respectively. PT of group 2 showed a decrease by 72%, 33%, 66%, and 46% in the relative number of lymphocytes, CD4+, NKT and B lymphocytes compared with group 1, together with an increased content of NK and CD8+ lymphocytes. PT in patients of group 3 had a decrease in the number of total and NK lymphocytes by 46% and 26%, respectively, and a significant increase by 85% in the content of CD8+ cells, with no changes in CD3+, CD4+ cells, B and NKT lymphocytes. Conclusions: The local immune status of CRC patients demonstrated a number of differences: right-sided tumors were characterized by a higher T-lymphocytic infiltration with the same tendency in the perifocal tissues, while left-sided and sigmoid tumors showed higher B-lymphocytic infiltration, which can help in the disease prognosis and choice of treatment strategy.
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Kit, Oleg I., Ellada A. Mirzoyan, Elena A. Dzhenkova, Aleksandr B. Sagakyants, Inna A. Novikova, Elena S. Bondarenko, Elena Yu Zlatnik, et al. "Local cellular immunity in colorectal cancer depending on tumor site." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2022): e15613-e15613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e15613.
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e15613 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer. More than 60% of all cases of CRC are colon cancer (CC). The role of individual units of the immune system in the development of this tumor is ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to characterize local populations and subpopulations of immunocompetent cells in colorectal cancer with different tumor locations. Methods: The study included 50 CC (adenocarcinoma) patients aged 35-86 years, women n = 26 (52%). Stage I tumors were registered in 4 patients (8%), stage II 25 (50%), stage III 21 (42%). 20 patients (40%) had right-sided CC (group 1), 9 (18%) left-sided CC (group 2), and 21 (42%) sigmoid CC (group 3). All patients received surgical treatment. Cell suspensions were obtained from tumor (TT) and peritumoral tissues (PT) (1-3 cm from the tumor), and then processed with an antibody panel in accordance with the manufacturer instructions (Becton Dickinson, USA) to identify the main populations and subpopulations of leukocytes and lymphocytes. The relative number of major populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes was determined on the BD FACSCanto flow cytometer. Results: A decrease in lymphocytic infiltration was noted left-sided tumors and sigmoid tumors compared to right-sided CC, by 46% and 51%, respectively. The percentage of CD3+ cells was almost the same regardless of the colon tumor location, and the number of main populations of T lymphocytes differed: in group 3, the content of CD4+ cells was 21% higher, and CD8+ cells were 22% lower compared with group 1, while group 2 had no differences. Group 2 differed in the tumor infiltration with both NK and NKT lymphocytes, which were higher by 25% and 22%, respectively, than in group 1. An increase in NK cells was noted in the sigmoid colon (group 3), and the relative number of NKT lymphocytes decreased. A common feature of TT in groups 2 and 3 was an increase in the content of B lymphocytes by 98% and 133%, respectively. PT of group 2 showed a decrease by 72%, 33%, 66%, and 46% in the relative number of lymphocytes, CD4+, NKT and B lymphocytes compared with group 1, together with an increased content of NK and CD8+ lymphocytes. PT in patients of group 3 had a decrease in the number of total and NK lymphocytes by 46% and 26%, respectively, and a significant increase by 85% in the content of CD8+ cells, with no changes in CD3+, CD4+ cells, B and NKT lymphocytes. Conclusions: The local immune status of CRC patients demonstrated a number of differences: right-sided tumors were characterized by a higher T-lymphocytic infiltration with the same tendency in the perifocal tissues, while left-sided and sigmoid tumors showed higher B-lymphocytic infiltration, which can help in the disease prognosis and choice of treatment strategy.
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De Geyter, Ch, C. Wyns, C. Calhaz-Jorge, J. de Mouzon, A. P. Ferraretti, M. Kupka, A. Nyboe Andersen, K. G. Nygren, and V. Goossens. "20 years of the European IVF-monitoring Consortium registry: what have we learned? A comparison with registries from two other regions." Human Reproduction 35, no. 12 (November 14, 2020): 2832–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaa250.
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Abstract STUDY QUESTION How has the performance of the European regional register of the European IVF-monitoring Consortium (EIM)/European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) evolved from 1997 to 2016, as compared to the register of the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of the USA and the Australia and New Zealand Assisted Reproduction Database (ANZARD)? SUMMARY ANSWER It was found that coherent and analogous changes are recorded in the three regional registers over time, with a different intensity and pace, that new technologies are taken up with considerable delay and that incidental complications and adverse events are only recorded sporadically. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY European data on ART have been collected since 1997 by EIM. Data collection on ART in Europe is particularly difficult due to its fragmented political and legal landscape. In 1997, approximately 78.1% of all known institutions offering ART services in 23 European countries submitted data and in 2016 this number rose to 91.8% in 40 countries. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We compared the changes in European ART data as published in the EIM reports (2001–2020) with those of the USA, as published by CDC, and with those of Australia and New Zealand, as published by ANZARD. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of the published EIM data sets spanning the 20 years observance period from 1997 to 2016, together with the published data sets of the USA as well as of Australia and New Zealand. By comparing the data sets in these three large registers, we analysed differences in the completeness of the recordings together with differences in the time intervals on the occurrence of important trends in each of them. Effects of suspected over- and under-reporting were also compared between the three registers. X2 log-rank analysis was used to assess differences in the data sets. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE During the period 1997–2016, the numbers of recorded ART treatments increased considerably (5.3-fold in Europe, 4.6-fold in the USA, 3.0-fold in Australia and New Zealand), while the number of registered treatment modalities rose from 3 to 7 in Europe, from 4 to 10 in the USA and from 5 to 8 in Australia and New Zealand, as published by EIM, CDC and ANZARD, respectively. The uptake of new treatment modalities over time has been very different in the three registers. There is a considerable degree of underreporting of the number of initiated treatment cycles in Europe. The relationship between IVF and ICSI and between fresh and thawing cycles evolved similarly in the three geographical areas. The freeze-all strategy is increasingly being adopted by all areas, but in Europe with much delay. Fewer cycles with the transfer of two or more embryos were reported in all three geographical areas. The delivery rate per embryo transfer in thawing cycles bypassed that in fresh cycles in the USA in 2012, in Australia and New Zealand in 2013, but not yet in Europe. As a result of these changing approaches, fewer multiple deliveries have been reported. Since 2012, the most documented adverse event of ART in all three registers has been premature birth (<37 weeks). Some adverse events, such as maternal death, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, haemorrhage and infections, were only recorded by EIM and ANZARD. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The methods of data collection and reporting were very different among European countries, but also among the three registers. The better the legal background on ART surveillance, the more complete are the data sets. Until the legal obligation to report is installed in all European countries together with an appropriate quality control of the submitted data the reported numbers and incidences should be interpreted with caution. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The growing number of reported treatments in ART, the higher variability in treatment modalities and the rising contribution to the birth rates over the last 20 years point towards the increasing impact of ART. High levels of completeness in data reporting have been reached, but inconsistencies and inaccuracies still remain and need to be identified and quantified. The current trend towards a higher diversity in treatment modalities and the rising impact of cryostorage, resulting in improved safety during and after ART treatment, require changes in the organization of surveillance in ART. The present comparison must stimulate all stakeholders in ART to optimize surveillance and data quality assurance in ART. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study has no external funding and all costs are covered by ESHRE. There are no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Gupta, Anil. "Clean development mechanism of Kyoto Protocol." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 6, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 116–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-09-2012-0051.
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Purpose – This paper aims to review the developments in India with respect to clean development mechanism (CDM) of Kyoto Protocol to assess the achievements during first Kyoto Protocol period (2008-2012) in climate change mitigation and suggest measure for better participation during the second commitment period. The paper further makes an attempt to explore the experience, concerns and expectations of the Indian project proponents of green projects registered with CDM Executive Board. Design/methodology/approach – This paper employs two methods: informal interviews with executives of World Bank, Designated National Authority (DNA) of India for CDM, leading international CDM consulting firms and a questionnaire survey of Indian CDM projects proponents. Findings – During first commitment period valid up to December 31, 2012, India remained active participant in the CDM, the only mechanism of Kyoto Protocol where developing countries can participate and join in mitigation of climate change, through the development of green projects and thereby earning additional revenue in terms of carbon finance by sale of carbon credits. The study finds out that in the global CDM experience, India's role is striking with its second highest share both in terms of number of projects registered worldwide and in generation of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs). Originality/value – This paper provides several recommendations for strengthening the institutional frame work in India with respect to CDM as well as suggestions to policy makers for consideration while charting out future policies and programs addressing climate change mitigation and adaptation oriented towards better participation in climate change mitigation during the second commitment period of Kyoto Protocol.
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Wymmersch, Guillaume. "Collectif, L’art médiéval du registre. Chancelleries royales et princières." Cahiers de civilisation médiévale, no. 247 (July 1, 2019): 264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ccm.4309.
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Wright, Stephen K. "Records of Early French Drama in Parisian Notary Registers." Comparative Drama 24, no. 3 (1990): 232–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cdr.1990.0004.
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Xu, Hui, Yanjuan Jia, Yonghong Li, Chaojun Wei, Wanxia Wang, Rui Guo, Jing Jia, et al. "IL-10 Dampens the Th1 and Tc Activation through Modulating DC Functions in BCG Vaccination." Mediators of Inflammation 2019 (June 12, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8616154.
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BCG, the only registered vaccine against Mycobacterial Tuberculosis (TB) infection, has been questioned for its protective efficacy for decades. Although lots of efforts were made to improve the BCG antigenicity, few studies were devoted to understand the role of host factors in the variability of the BCG protection. Using the IL-10KO mice and pulmonary tuberculosis infection model, we have addressed the role of IL-10 in the BCG vaccination efficacy. The data showed that IL-10-deficient dendritic cells (DCs) could promote the immune responses through upregulation of the surface costimulatory molecule expression and play an orchestra role through activating CD4+T cell. IL-10-deficient mice had higher IFN γ, TNF α, and IL-6 production after BCG vaccination, which was consistent with the higher proportion of IFN γ+CD3+, IFN γ+CD4+, and IFN γ+CD8+ T cells in the spleen. Particularly, the BCG-vaccinated IL-10KO mice showed less inflammation after TB challenge compared to WT mice, which was supported by the promoted Th1 and Tc, as well as the downregulated Treg responses in IL-10 deficiency. In a conclusion, we demonstrated the negative relationship between Th1/Tc responses with IL-10 production. IL-10 deficiency restored the type 1 immune response through DC activation, which provided better protection against TB infection. Hence, our study offers the first experimental evidence that, contrary to the modulation of BCG, host immunity plays a critical role in the BCG protective efficacy against TB.