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Journal articles on the topic "CCUs"
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Hou, Zhengmeng, Jiashun Luo, Yachen Xie, Lin Wu, Liangchao Huang, and Ying Xiong. "Carbon Circular Utilization and Partially Geological Sequestration: Potentialities, Challenges, and Trends." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010324.
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Enhancing carbon emission mitigation and carbon utilization have become necessary for the world to respond to climate change caused by the increase of greenhouse gas concentrations. As a result, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies have attracted considerable attention worldwide, especially in China, which plans to achieve a carbon peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060. This paper proposed six priorities for China, the current world’s largest carbon emitter, to achieve its dual carbon strategy in the green energy transition process. We analyzed and summarized the challenges and potentialities of conventional carbon utilization (CU), carbon capture utilization (CCU), and CCUS. Based on the current development trend, carbon dioxide capture, circular utilization, and storage (CCCUS) technology that integrates carbon circular utilization and partial sequestration, with large-scale underground energy storage were proposed, namely biomethanation. Technically and economically, biomethanation was believed to have an essential contribution to China’s renewable energy utilization and storage, as well as the carbon circular economy. The preliminary investigation reveals significant potential, with a corresponding carbon storage capacity of 5.94 × 108 t~7.98 × 108 t and energy storage of 3.29 × 1012 kWh~4.42 × 1012 kWh. Therefore, we believe that in addition to vigorously developing classical CCUS technology, technical research and pilot projects of CCCUS technology that combined large-scale underground energy storage also need to be carried out to complete the technical reserve and the dual-carbon target.
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Malcovati, L. "CCUS: CLINICAL PERSPECTIVE (HIGH-RISK CCUS)." Leukemia Research 128 (May 2023): 107087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.leukres.2023.107087.
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Mon, Min Thura, Roengchai Tansuchat, and Woraphon Yamaka. "CCUS Technology and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from the United States." Energies 17, no. 7 (April 5, 2024): 1748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17071748.
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Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) represents a vital technology for addressing pressing global challenges such as climate change and carbon emissions. This research aims to explore the relationship between the CCUS capability and carbon emissions in the United States considering thirteen predictors of CCUS and carbon emissions. Incorporating these predictors, we aim to offer policymakers insights to enhance CCUS capabilities and reduce carbon emissions. We utilize diverse econometric techniques: OLS, Lasso, Ridge, Elastic Net, Generalized Method of Moments, and Seemingly Unrelated Regression. Elastic Net outperforms the other models in explaining CCUS, while OLS is effective for carbon emissions. We observe positive impacts of the number of projects and foreign direct investment on the CCUS capacity, but limited influence from the CCUS technology level. However, the relationship between the CCUS capacity and carbon emissions remains limited. Our study highlights the importance of incentivizing projects to increase CCUS capabilities and recognizes the critical role of legal and regulatory frameworks in facilitating effective CCUS implementation in the US. Moreover, we emphasize that achieving decarbonization goals necessitates the development of affordable green alternatives. It is essential to view CCUS as a complementary, rather than a sole, solution for emission reduction as we work towards achieving net-zero emission targets.
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Song, Dongdong, Tong Jiang, and Chuanping Rao. "Review of Policy Framework for the Development of Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (December 15, 2022): 16853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416853.
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Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) has been applied in many countries and has proven to be a key carbon-reduction technology for the future. China currently emits the most carbon, and prior research findings indicate the high potential of CCUS technology to support the country’s emission-reduction process. China introduced CCUS technology at the end of the 20th century and has since implemented a series of related policies. This paper compares the development status of CCUS in China and other countries, studies the legal and policy framework and the development process of CCUS in China, and analyzes the defects in relevant laws and policies. The results show that China’s current legal and policy system is not conducive to the further development of CCUS; specifically, there is no special law, and the policy system is incomplete. Consequently, it is difficult to advance and give full play to the emission-reduction effect of CCUS. To promote CCUS development in China, this paper proposes corresponding countermeasures, including formulating a special law, perfecting the CCUS policy system, expanding government financial support, and improving CCUS public awareness and support.
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Kabir, Md Ainul, Sharfuddin Ahmed Khan, and Golam Kabir. "Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Risks from Supply Chain Perspective: A Review of the Literature and Conceptual Framework Development." C 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c10010015.
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The technology called carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is important for capturing CO2 emissions before they enter the air. Because everyone wants to stop global warming by reducing CO2 emissions, CCUS is an important and emerging technology that can help slow down climate change, lower emissions in many areas, and support the move toward a sustainable and carbon-neutral future. As CCUS technology and its adaptation increases, it is very important to pay attention to the CCUS risks from a supply chain (SC) point of view. The goal of this study was to identify CCUS supply chain risks and develop a conceptual framework (CF) that provides a structured approach to ensure safe and reliable CCUS supply chain operations. Therefore, this study analyzed the literature related to the SCs of different sectors and identified the SC risks, which was the foundation for CCUS SC risk identification. This study demonstrates that there is no research article that provides a comprehensive CCUS SC risk management framework that connects with risk management strategies. The conceptual framework that is proposed in this study connects CCUS SC functions, risks, and risk management strategies to construct a complete CCUS supply chain risk management system. Moreover, the CF provides guidelines for future research, which will enrich the CCUS supply chain risk management system as well as fight climate change.
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Adelman, Mark, Himanshu Deshwal, and Deepak Pradhan. "Critical Care Ultrasound Competency of Fellows and Faculty in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine: A Nationwide Survey." POCUS Journal 8, no. 2 (November 27, 2023): 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/pocus.v8i2.16640.
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Purpose: Competency assessment standards for Critical Care Ultrasonography (CCUS) for Graduate Medical Education (GME) trainees in pulmonary/critical care medicine (PCCM) fellowship programs are lacking. We sought to answer the following research questions: How are PCCM fellows and teaching faculty assessed for CCUS competency? Which CCUS teaching methods are perceived as most effective by program directors (PDs) and fellows. Methods: Cross-sectional, nationwide, electronic survey of PCCM PDs and fellows in accredited GME training programs. Results: PDs and fellows both reported the highest rates of fellow competence to use CCUS for invasive procedural guidance, but lower rates for assessment of deep vein thrombosis and abdominal organs. 54% and 90% of PDs reported never assessing fellows or teaching faculty for CCUS competency, respectively. PDs and fellows perceived hands-on workshops and directly supervised CCUS exams as more effective learning methods than unsupervised CCUS archival with subsequent review and self-directed learning. Conclusions: There is substantial variation in CCUS competency assessment among PCCM fellows and teaching faculty nationwide. The majority of training programs do not formally assess fellows or teaching faculty for CCUS competence. Guidelines are needed to formulate standardized competency assessment tools for PCCM fellowship programs.
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Træden, Dicte, Morten Tulstrup, Morten Munk Johansen, Andreas Due Ørskov, Claus Marcher, Klas Raaschou-Jensen, Anne Stidsholt Roug, et al. "Overall Survival in Patients with Ccus Depends on Presence of Anemia." Blood 142, Supplement 1 (November 28, 2023): 1864. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-177879.
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Introduction Clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) is a recently recognized hematological disorder characterized by the presence of one or more cytopenias, evidence of clonal hematopoiesis and not fulfilling the criteria for a myeloid neoplasm. In contrast to myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) where 95% of the patients are anemic at time of diagnosis, that is only the case for around 60% of patients with CCUS (Weeks et al. Prediction of Risk for Myeloid Malignancy in Clonal Hematopoiesis. NEJM Evid. 2023). Furthermore, as recent studies on survival in CCUS primarily included younger patients (Weeks et al. NEJM Evid. 2023) or population-based cohorts not specifically referred for diagnostic work up of unexplained cytopenia (UC) (Rossi et al. Clinical relevance of clonal hematopoiesis in persons aged ≥80 years, Blood 2021) additional survival data on patients with CCUS are warranted. In this study, we investigated survival outcomes in patients with CCUS referred for primary work up of UC. Methods We included 241 patients with CCUS and compared them to 144 patients with low-risk MDS, defined as having less than 5% blasts in the bone marrow. Bone marrow biopsies and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed in all patients and cytogenetic analyses using G-band karyotyping was done in 362 (94%) of cases. For NGS, we used a gene panel with the most commonly mutated genes in MDS. The patients were included at 6 different institutions in Denmark from 2013 and onwards. A cut-point of 5 years follow-up was chosen for more robust survival data, and patients were censored at this time point if followed for more than 5 years. Patients with CCUS were stratified into 3 groups dependent on the type of cytopenia present at diagnosis. CCUS patients with pancytopenia (n = 35), and CCUS patients without pancytopenia were split based on whether they were anemic (n = 143) or not (n =63). We compared overall survival between the CCUS groups and low-risk MDS in a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age, sex, number of variants and presence of high-risk variants. Results Of the 241 CCUS patients, 178 (74%) were anemic (hemoglobin < 12 and 13 g/dL for women and men, respectively), while this was the case for 130 (90%) of the patients with MDS. A total of 772 variants were identified in the entire cohort with a median of 2 (IQR: 1-3) per patient for both CCUS and MDS patients. The overall survival at 5 years was 45% for low-risk MDS patients and 62% for CCUS patients. For CCUS patients without anemia, CCUS patients with anemia and CCUS patients with pancytopenia overall survival at 5 years was 85%, 52% and 55%, respectively (p < 0.0001). In the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, we found a significantly superior overall survival for CCUS patients without anemia compared to those with anemia (HR: 0.28, 95%-CI: 0.13-0.58, p = 0.001) and pancytopenia (HR: 0.22, 95%-CI: 0.09-0.53, p = 0.001) and patients with low-risk MDS (HR: 0.18, 95%-CI: 0.09-0.38, p < 0.001). There was no significant survival difference between CCUS patients with pancytopenia and low-risk MDS patients (HR: 0.67, 95%-CI: 0.46-1.50, p = 0.5). Of the remaining variables, age was the strongest prognostic factor with hazard ratio increasing with a factor 1.05 (95%-CI: 1.03-1.07, p < 0.001) per year aged. Predicted survival probabilities for a 65-year-old and 80-year-old person demonstrate a substantial difference in overall survival across all 3 categories of CCUS (figure 1). Discussion Here we show that the presence of anemia impacts overall survival among CCUS patients. We observe that CCUS patients without anemia, representing 26% of CCUS patients in our cohort, have a superior overall survival compared to those with anemia, even with a comparable mutational profile. Our findings indicate that other factors than mutational signatures impact overall survival. Moreover, the prevalence of CCUS increases with age, and our findings demonstrate a considerable difference in survival between a 65-year-old and 80-year-old person diagnosed with CCUS. This raises the concern that prediction models can overestimate the survival rates if the elderly group of CCUS patients is not well represented in these models. In conclusion, we show that age and hemoglobin levels are important factors in overall survival for CCUS patients, and that patients with CCUS without anemia have a superior overall survival and should be considered as a separate group within the CCUS category.
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Huang, Liangchao, Zhengmeng Hou, Yanli Fang, Jianhua Liu, and Tianle Shi. "Evolution of CCUS Technologies Using LDA Topic Model and Derwent Patent Data." Energies 16, no. 6 (March 8, 2023): 2556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16062556.
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Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is considered an effective way to reduce greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), which is significant for achieving carbon neutrality. Based on Derwent patent data, this paper explored the technology topics in CCUS patents by using the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic model to analyze technology’s hot topics and content evolution. Furthermore, the logistic model was used to fit the patent volume of the key CCUS technologies and predict the maturity and development trends of the key CCUS technologies to provide a reference for the future development of CCUS technology. We found that CCUS technology patents are gradually transforming to the application level, with increases in emerging fields, such as computer science. The main R&D institutes in the United States, Europe, Japan, Korea, and other countries are enterprises, while in China they are universities and research institutes. Hydride production, biological carbon sequestration, dynamic monitoring, geological utilization, geological storage, and CO2 mineralization are the six key technologies of CCUS. In addition, technologies such as hydride production, biological carbon sequestration, and dynamic monitoring have good development prospects, such as CCUS being coupled with hydrogen production to regenerate synthetic methane and CCUS being coupled with biomass to build a dynamic monitoring and safety system.
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Huber, Sandra, Constance Regina Baer, Stephan Hutter, Gregor Hoermann, Christian Pohlkamp, Wencke Walter, Manja Meggendorfer, Wolfgang Kern, Torsten Haferlach, and Claudia Haferlach. "Genomic Landscape of Ccus Compared to MDS Indicates a Potential Applicability of the IPSS-M." Blood 142, Supplement 1 (November 28, 2023): 4609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-177582.
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Background: The 5 th edition of the WHO classification newly included myeloid precursor lesions introducing CCUS as an entity. CCUS is defined as clonal hematopoiesis (CH) in the presence of unexplained, persistent cytopenia requiring detection of either somatic mutation in certain CH associated genes or clonal chromosomal abnormalities. Aim: Characterize a large CCUS cohort with respect to cytogenetics and molecular genetics and compare the findings to an MDS cohort to evaluate differences in the genomic landscape. Methods: The CCUS cohort comprised 222 cases (median age: 76 y; female: 33%), the MDS cohort 698 cases (median age: 73 y; female: 43%). The diagnoses were established following WHO 2022. All samples were analyzed by cytomorphology, cytogenetics, targeted NGS panel (median coverage 1500x) and whole genome (median coverage 100x) sequencing. Mutation (MUT) status of 59 genes associated with myeloid malignancies were analyzed in detail (54 CH associated; 5 relevant for IPSS-M). Results: Significant differences in age, gender, BM blasts, blood parameters and number and types of cytopenias were detected. CCUS patients (pts) were older, had more WBC, less PLT, harbored a higher HB, less BM blasts and were even more predominantly male compared to MDS pts (all p<0.05). Within the CCUS cohort 29 pts (13%) showed cytogenetic abnormalities (CA) only (thereof 69% loss of chromosome Y (Y-loss)), while the remaining 193 pts (87%) showed at least one MUT (VAF ≥2%) in any of the 54 CH associated genes (thereof 84% MUT only; 16% MUT+CA). Regarding cytogenetics 162 CCUS pts (73%) harbored normal karyotypes while CA were detected in 27% (MDS: 43%; p<0.001) with Y-loss being most frequent (39/60; 65%). Y-loss was more frequently found in CCUS than in MDS (17% vs. 5%; p<0.001), while complex karyotypes and del(5q) were more frequent in MDS (11% and 16% vs. 1% and 0%; both p<0.001). Based on WGS data additional pts with Y-loss (n=7; confirmed by FISH) and recurrent CN-LOH (4q: n=4; 7q: n=5) were observed. With respect to somatic MUTs, 356 MUTs were found within the entire CCUS cohort (in 28 CH genes, 3 non-CH genes). Overall, CCUS pts showed less MUTs (median: 1 [0-6]) compared to MDS (median: 2 [0-12]; p<0.001). CCUS pts most frequently harbored MUTs in DNMT3A (32%), TET2 (28%) and ASXL1 (14%) followed by MUTs in splicing genes and TP53 (Fig. 1A). MUTs in DNMT3A and PPM1D were more frequent in CCUS than MDS while MUTs in ASXL1, TP53, SF3B1, STAG2, RUNX1, NRAS, CUX1 were less frequent in CCUS (each p<0.05). Notably, biallelic TP53 MUTs were less frequent in CCUS compared to MDS ( TP53bi of mutated: 14% vs. 55% p=0.008). Within the 15 most frequently mutated genes in CCUS, MUTs in 6 genes ( DNMT3A, SF3B1, TP53, CBL, STAG2, PPM1D) showed a median VAF <10%. Nine of the top 15 genes showed significantly lower median VAFs than in MDS ( DNMT3A, TET2, ASXL1, SRSF2, U2AF1, SF3B1, TP53, PPM1D, IDH2; each p<0.05). Thus, the frequency and VAF of ASXL1, TP53, SF3B1 MUTs were significantly lower in CCUS than in MDS, while DNMT3A and PPM1D MUTs were significantly more often detected in CCUS but at a lower VAF than in MDS. Combining cytogenetics and mutational analysis we calculated the IPSS-M, a patient-specific risk score for MDS resulting in six risk categories, and detected a clear skewing towards low risk categories in CCUS (Fig. 1B). The frequency of categories very low (VL) and low (L) were significantly higher in CCUS than in MDS (30% vs. 15%; 50% vs. 40%; both p<0.013), while high and very high categories were more rare (1% vs. 13%; 1% vs. 14%; both p<0.001). Although CCUS follow-up data were short (median: 1.5 y), no differences in overall survival were observed between CCUS VL+L and MDS VL+L, while within CCUS survival differed between VL+L and the remaining cases ( p=0.05). Conclusions: Our data confirm the comparable mutational spectrum between CCUS and MDS but clearly show major differences in the frequency and VAF of distinct gene mutations. These biological differences hint towards different subgroups within CCUS with cases closer to MDS than others. A combined risk score for MDS and CCUS would reflect this continuous spectrum and has the potential to derive an objective risk assessment irrespective of observer-dependent grading of dysplasia. Our study indicates plausible short term results for CCUS patients stratified according to the IPSS-M. However, the definite applicability of the IPSS-M needs to be confirmed in larger CCUS studies with longer follow-up.
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Shah, Mithun V., Abhishek A. Mangaonkar, Kebede H. Begna, Hassan B. Alkhateeb, Patricia Greipp, Dong Chen, David S. Viswanatha, et al. "Therapy-Related Cytopenia of Undetermined Significance (t-CCUS) As a Precursor to Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms (t-MN)." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-145696.
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Abstract Background Clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) is a risk factor for development of myeloid neoplasms (MN) such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Therapy-related myeloid neoplasm (t-MN) is defined as the development of a MN in the context of prior DNA damaging therapies including chemotherapy, radiation, and immunosuppressive therapies. CCUS diagnosed in the setting of prior DNA damaging therapy (t-CCUS) and its outcomes are not known. The aim of this study was to study clinicopathological features and outcome of t-CCUS and compare it with t-MN. Methods Patients who had received DNA-damaging therapy and subsequently determined to have CCUS or t-MN were identified. The diagnosis of CCUS was made if the patient had non-diagnostic bone marrow biopsy evaluation combined with evidence of pathogenic myeloid somatic genetic alterations using conventional cytogenetics or next generation sequencing (NGS) panel. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (PV) were stratified by DTA (DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1) genes vs. others. Event-free survival (EFS) was calculated using interval from t-CCUS to t-MN with death as a competing risk. Overall survival (OS) for t-CCUS and t-MN patients was calculated using interval from t-CCUS or t-MN diagnoses respectively to the last follow up. Statistical analysis was performed using JMP (v14.1, SAS Institute). Results We identified 30 patients with t-CCUS and 259 patients with t-MN. Eleven (37%) t-CCUS patients developed t-MN and were included in both cohorts (Fig. A). Clinical characteristics of t-CCUS patients are shown in Table 1. Briefly, age (median, interquartile range or IQR) at the diagnosis of primary malignancy and t-CCUS was not different between those who developed t-MN and those did not (P=0.09 and 0.378 respectively). There was no difference in hemoglobin, white blood cells, or ANC between the two groups. Patients who developed t-MN had a significantly lower platelet count (68 vs. 130, P<0.01) and higher bone marrow blast percent (2 vs. 0, P=0.04) compared to those who did not. At t-CCUS diagnosis, cytogenetics was abnormal in 11 (37%) patients and none had complex karyotype (CK). Paired cytogenetic analysis at t-CCUS and t-MN was available for 10 patients: 4 had unchanged karyotype at t-MN, whereas 6 had cytogenetic evolution. In contrast, 213 (83%) of 256 t-MN patients with available cytogenetics had abnormalities and 126/256 (49%) had CK. Thus, a significantly higher proportion of patients had CK t-MN compared to t-CCUS (χ 2 26.4, P<0.01). A 42-gene NGS panel identified 36 PV in 21 patients (median 1, range 1-4) at t-CCUS. The most common PV were in TET2 (37.1%), TP53 (11.4%), DNMT3A (8.6%), and ZRSR2 (8.6%) genes. Two patients had paired NGS available at t-CCUS and t-MN: one had BCOR and U2AF1 PV at t-CCUS and acquired an additional NRAS PV at t-MN. The second patient had 2 PV in TP53 at t-CCUS diagnosis, that remained the only PV identified at t-MN. In the t-MN cohort, median number of PV was 2 (range 1-9). The most common PV identified were TP53 (21.5%), TET2 (6.7%), DNMT3A (6.4%), and ASXL1 (6.4%), whereas 4.8% patients had no PV. Three of 22 patients in the t-CCUS cohort had TP53mut, compared to 55 of 157 in the t-MN cohort (χ 2 4, P=0.05). Management strategies for t-CCUS included observation (20), growth factors (4), treatment of primary malignancy (2), immunosuppressives (1), hypomethylating agent followed by allogeneic SCT (1), and others (2). Following t-CCUS, 9 patients progressed to MDS and 2 to AML with a median of 3.5 months (IQR 1.7-43.4). EFS was 43.4 months (IQR 6.8-80.9). The presence of abnormal cytogenetics (Fig. B) and the absence of DTA-mutations (Fig. C) predicted shorter EFS. At last follow up, 12 (40%) deaths were noted. Four (33%) patients died without developing t-MN. Causes of death in the t-CCUS cohort were: t-MN (3), primary malignancy (1), progressive cytopenia without MN (1), infection (1), graft-vs.-host-disease (1), and undetermined (5). t-MN patients had a significantly shorter survival compared to t-CCUS (Fig. D). Conclusion More than 10% of t-MN patients had a precursor t-CCUS. On the other hand, t-CCUS patients are at a high risk of progression to MN. t-MN is characterized by the acquisition of TP53mut, genomic instability, and a significantly shorter survival compared to t-CCUS. The presence of abnormal cytogenetics and the absence of DTA mutations at t-CCUS predict shorter EFS. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Litzow: Omeros: Other: Advisory Board; AbbVie: Research Funding; Jazz: Other: Advisory Board; Amgen: Research Funding; Astellas: Research Funding; Pluristem: Research Funding; Actinium: Research Funding; Biosight: Other: Data monitoring committee. Patnaik: Kura Oncology: Research Funding; Stemline Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Stemline Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Al-Kali: Novartis: Research Funding; Astex: Other: Research support to institution.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CCUs"
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Chao, Shir-Ley. "Relationships among patient characteristics, care processes, and outcomes for patients in coronary care units (CCUs)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276836.
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The purpose of this research was to describe the relationships among patient characteristics, care processes, and care outcomes for patients in a coronary care unit (CCU). The sample consisted of 179 CCU patients. Data collectors reviewed charts and retrieved the chart information needed to measure the operational variables of APACHE II score (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II), years of age, CCU length of stay, nurse to patient ratio, and mortality. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the demographic data of the patient characteristics. Correlational statistics were used to analyze the five operational variables in the "CCU Patient Outcomes Model." Pearson correlations revealed significant positive relationships between APACHE II score and age and nurse to patient ratio. Point Biserial correlations revealed significant positive relationships between mortality and APACHE II score and nurse to patient ratio. Patient characteristics were related to care processes. Patient characteristics and care processes were related to patient outcomes.
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Ogland-Hand, Jonathan D. "Integrated Systems Analyses of Using Geologically Stored CO2 and Sedimentary Basin Geothermal Resources to Produce and Store Energy." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555079270508336.
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Krukowski, Elizabeth Gayle. "Carbon dioxide (CO2) sorption to Na-rich montmorillonite at Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) P-T conditions in saline formations." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49615.
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Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) in confined saline aquifers in sedimentary formations has the potential to reduce the impact of fossil fuel combustion on climate change by storing CO2 in geologic formations in perpetuity. At PT conditions relevant to CCUS, CO2 is less dense than the pre-existing brine in the formation, and the more buoyant CO2 will migrate to the top of the formation where it will be in contact with cap rock. A typical cap rock is clay-rich shale, and interactions between shales and CO2 are poorly understood at PT conditions appropriate for CCUS in saline formations. In this study, the interaction of CO2 with clay minerals in the cap rock overlying a saline formation has been examined, using Na-rich montmorillonite as an analog for clay-rich shale. Attenuated Total Reflectance -- Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR -FTIR) was used to identify potential crystallographic sites (AlAlOH, AlMgOH and interlayer space) where CO2 could interact with montmorillonite at 35"C and 50"C and from 0-1200 psi. Analysis of the data indicates that CO2 that is preferentially incorporated into the interlayer space, with dehydrated montmorillonite capable of incorporating more CO2 than hydrated montmorillonite. No evidence of chemical interactions between CO2 and montmorillonite were identified, and no spectroscopic evidence for carbonate mineral formation was observed. Further work is needed to determine if reservoir seal quality is more likely to be degraded or enhanced by CO2 - montmorillonite interactions.Master of Science
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Kroupa, Zdeněk. "Posouzení metod CCS a CCU." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417864.
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The thesis focuses on CCS and CCU technologies, which could find application in industry and other sectors in the future. These technologies are used to reduce CO2 emissions, mainly from point sources. This thesis provides a comprehensive overview and division of CCS and CCU technologies and points out negative effects of its installation. Part of the work is also a comparison of individual steps of technology, both from an energetic and financial point of view. The aim is to show a wide range of influences on the final price and a significant discrepancy in the results of some scientific works. At the same time, in some parts, you can find a detailed description of individual parts of the technology.
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SOTO, ALICIA. "Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) and how to accelerate the development and commercialization of carbon base products in the European and US market." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2942140.
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Johnson, Patricia Lee, and n/a. "Being At Its Most Elusive: The Experience of Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation in a Critical Care Unit." Griffith University. School of Nursing, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030926.154232.
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This research study explored the meanings former patients attributed to being on long-term mechanical ventilation in a critical care unit (CCU). An interpretive phenomenological-ontological perspective informed by the philosophical tenets of Heidegger (1927/1962) was used to examine the lived experience of a group of people who had previously been hospitalised in one of three critical care units in southeast Queensland, Australia, during which time they were on a mechanical ventilator for a period of seven days or more. Data were collected using 14 unstructured audio-taped interviews from participants, who had indicated that they were willing and able to recall aspects of their critical care experience. The data were analysed using the method developed by van Manen (1990). A total of nine people participated in the study, of which six were male and three female. Their ages ranged from 21 to 69 years. Thematic analysis of the data revealed four themes: Being thrown into an uneveryday world; Existing in an uneveryday world; Reclaiming the everyday world; and Reframing the experience. Throughout the description of these themes, excerpts from the interviews with the participants are provided to demonstrate, and bring to light the meaning and interpretations constructed. From this thematic analysis, a phenomenological description drawing on Heidegger's tenets of Being was constructed. Titled Being at its most elusive, this description showed that participants experienced momentary lapses of: situation, engagement, concern and care, temporality, and the ability to self-interpret. These findings highlight and affirm the relevance of Heidegger's ontological tenets to reveal Being. The findings of this study served as a basis for a number of recommendations relating to nursing practice, education and research. Recommendations relating to practice include: constructing a more patient-friendly critical care environment, increased involvement of patients and their families in decision making and patient care activities; ensuring adequate critical care nursing staff levels; ensuring and maintaining appropriate skill level of critical care nurses; enhancing methods of communication with patients; planning for effective patient discharge and adoption of a designated nurse position for discharge planning; providing opportunities for follow up contact of patients once they are discharged from CCU; and promoting the establishment of follow up services for former CCU patients, and their families. Recommendations relating to critical care education include: incorporating more in-depth information of the psychological and social aspects of patient and family care into care planning; incorporating communication and counselling education and training to assist nurses caring for mechanically ventilated patients, and their families; further education regarding the role and responsibilities of patient discharge planning from CCU; incorporating more advanced research skills training and utilisation of research findings into practice; and the provision of appropriate and ongoing training and education in areas such as manual handling and communication skills for all health care staff involved in the direct care of CCU patients. This study also recommended that further research be undertaken to: examine and compare different sedative and analgesic protocols and their effects on the incidence of nightmares and hallucinations reported by CCU patients; replicate this study in a group of patients from different cultural or ethnic backgrounds; evaluate the efficacy of current methods for communicating with intubated and mechanically ventilated patients in the CCU; develop, test and evaluate the efficacy of new methods for communicating with intubated and mechanically ventilated patients in the CCU; examine CCU patients' perceived level of control and power; explore the extent and type of involvement patients would like to have in their care whilst in the CCU; investigate the extent and type of problems experienced by CCU patients after discharge; explore the usefulness and appropriateness of personal diaries for individual patients as an aid to assist in understanding and resolving their CCU experience; and examine the value of follow up contacts by CCU staff to former patients and their families. In summary, the findings from this study add substantial knowledge to critical care nurses' understanding and knowledge about what it means to be on long-term mechanical ventilation in a critical care unit. Findings will help inform future critical care nursing practice and education, and the provision of holistic and evidenced-based care.
7
Johnson, Patricia Lee. "Being At Its Most Elusive: The Experience of Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation in a Critical Care Unit." Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368088.
Full textAbstract:
This research study explored the meanings former patients attributed to being on long-term mechanical ventilation in a critical care unit (CCU). An interpretive phenomenological-ontological perspective informed by the philosophical tenets of Heidegger (1927/1962) was used to examine the lived experience of a group of people who had previously been hospitalised in one of three critical care units in southeast Queensland, Australia, during which time they were on a mechanical ventilator for a period of seven days or more. Data were collected using 14 unstructured audio-taped interviews from participants, who had indicated that they were willing and able to recall aspects of their critical care experience. The data were analysed using the method developed by van Manen (1990). A total of nine people participated in the study, of which six were male and three female. Their ages ranged from 21 to 69 years. Thematic analysis of the data revealed four themes: Being thrown into an uneveryday world; Existing in an uneveryday world; Reclaiming the everyday world; and Reframing the experience. Throughout the description of these themes, excerpts from the interviews with the participants are provided to demonstrate, and bring to light the meaning and interpretations constructed. From this thematic analysis, a phenomenological description drawing on Heidegger's tenets of Being was constructed. Titled Being at its most elusive, this description showed that participants experienced momentary lapses of: situation, engagement, concern and care, temporality, and the ability to self-interpret. These findings highlight and affirm the relevance of Heidegger's ontological tenets to reveal Being. The findings of this study served as a basis for a number of recommendations relating to nursing practice, education and research. Recommendations relating to practice include: constructing a more patient-friendly critical care environment, increased involvement of patients and their families in decision making and patient care activities; ensuring adequate critical care nursing staff levels; ensuring and maintaining appropriate skill level of critical care nurses; enhancing methods of communication with patients; planning for effective patient discharge and adoption of a designated nurse position for discharge planning; providing opportunities for follow up contact of patients once they are discharged from CCU; and promoting the establishment of follow up services for former CCU patients, and their families. Recommendations relating to critical care education include: incorporating more in-depth information of the psychological and social aspects of patient and family care into care planning; incorporating communication and counselling education and training to assist nurses caring for mechanically ventilated patients, and their families; further education regarding the role and responsibilities of patient discharge planning from CCU; incorporating more advanced research skills training and utilisation of research findings into practice; and the provision of appropriate and ongoing training and education in areas such as manual handling and communication skills for all health care staff involved in the direct care of CCU patients. This study also recommended that further research be undertaken to: examine and compare different sedative and analgesic protocols and their effects on the incidence of nightmares and hallucinations reported by CCU patients; replicate this study in a group of patients from different cultural or ethnic backgrounds; evaluate the efficacy of current methods for communicating with intubated and mechanically ventilated patients in the CCU; develop, test and evaluate the efficacy of new methods for communicating with intubated and mechanically ventilated patients in the CCU; examine CCU patients' perceived level of control and power; explore the extent and type of involvement patients would like to have in their care whilst in the CCU; investigate the extent and type of problems experienced by CCU patients after discharge; explore the usefulness and appropriateness of personal diaries for individual patients as an aid to assist in understanding and resolving their CCU experience; and examine the value of follow up contacts by CCU staff to former patients and their families. In summary, the findings from this study add substantial knowledge to critical care nurses' understanding and knowledge about what it means to be on long-term mechanical ventilation in a critical care unit. Findings will help inform future critical care nursing practice and education, and the provision of holistic and evidenced-based care.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Nursing
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Soto, Alicia. "Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) and how to accelerate the development and commercialization of carbon capture technologies and carbon-based products in the European and United States markets." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673239.
Full textAbstract:
The main theme of this work revolves around the CO2 molecule, a stable waste gas of low value, low energy and often available in large quantities in different places. This work examines some viable avenues for capturing, using, and storing CO2 (CCUS), with the ultimate goal of reducing GHG emissions and global warming. In addition, the study also examines several ways to accelerate the commercialization of carbon-based products and their technologies.
Various technologies that show promising features of commercial scalability and advanced mobility. In addition, the rapid decline in the costs of many renewable sources (mainly solar and wind) has made low-cost, almost zero-carbon electricity abundant in terms of capacity and location. Consequently, this has driven some markets to offer electricity at an affordable cost and in some cases even at negative prices. As renewable electricity gradually decreases in price, there has been a greater knowledge of possible new applications (e.g. CCU and CCUS) considering turning this trend into a profitable business.
This work focuses on six main aspects related to emerging CCUS processes and technologies based on renewable energies:
1. A comprehensive investigation of three emerging renewable energy technologies and processes (RETPs) (i.e., biogas and fuel cells, synthetic fuels, mineral carbonation of fly ash) that fall into the CCUS paradigm and are special forms , relatively new or advanced from major energy sources. All explanations of RETP CCUS are followed by its market share, challenges, implications for further adoption, prospects and drawbacks.
2. Analysis of experimental work related to the direct use of fuel containing CO2 of biological origin to supply an electrochemical process dedicated to the production of energy at high efficiency. In addition, the work analyzes a case study called DEMOSOFC located at a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Turin, Italy. It analyzes energy production through the use of biogas produced in WWTPs and reports the results of the use of carbon (CO2 content), as it produces energy and heat (in CHP configuration) using fuel cells; specifically, solid oxide fuel cells.
3. Analysis of the experimental and modeling work carried out at the Turin Polytechnic, related to the use of the carbon molecule to produce synthetic fuels (e-methane (CH4) and e-methanol (CH3OH)) through two processes: electrolysis of the steam + methanation, and steam electrolysis + methanol production.
4. Analysis of the chemical process called mineral carbonation (MC), a carbon capture and storage (CCUS) technology that can capture large amounts of CO2 and turn it into stable carbonate products that can be easily used in the carbon market. cement and concrete. 5. Examining the potential commercialization of CCUS technologies by identifying four main markets and eight key product categories to drive new investment and innovation at an accelerated pace. The main markets and products discussed in this chapter are: (1) Markets: building materials, chemical intermediates, fuels, polymers (2) Products: carbonate aggregates, methanol, formic acid, syngas, liquid fuels, methane, polyols and polycarbonates.
6. Assess the continued increase in RETP CCUS despite the Covid-19 pandemic resulting from a mix of policies, regulations, incentives and past innovations embedded in the electricity sectors of many advanced countries.El tema principal d'aquest treball gira al voltant de la molècula de CO2, un gas residual estable de baix valor, poca energia i sovint disponible en gran quantitat en llocs diferents. Aquest treball examina algunes vies viables per capturar, utilitzar i emmagatzemar CO2 (CCUS), amb l'objectiu final de reduir les emissions de GEH i l'escalfament global. A més, l'estudi també examina diversos camins per accelerar la comercialització dels productes a base de carboni i les seves tecnologies. Diverses tecnologies que mostren funcions prometibles d'escalabilitat comercial i mobilitat avançada. A més, la ràpida disminució dels costos de moltes fonts renovables (principalment la solar i l'eòlica) ha fet que l'electricitat de baix cost i gairebé nul·la de carboni sigui abundant en termes de capacitat i localitat. En conseqüència, això ha impulsat alguns mercats a oferir electricitat a un cost assequible i, en alguns casos, fins i tot a preus negatius. Com que l'electricitat renovable disminueix gradualment en el preu, hi ha hagut un major coneixement de les possibles noves aplicacions (per exemple, CCU i CCUS) considerant convertir aquesta tendència en una empresa rendible. Aquest treball se centra en sis aspectes principals relacionats amb processos i tecnologies CCUS emergents basades en energies renovables: 1. Una investigació exhaustiva de tres tecnologies i processos emergents d'energies renovables (RETP) (és a dir, biogàs i cèl·lules de combustible, combustibles sintètics, carbonatació mineral de cendres voladores) que entren en el paradigma CCUS i són formes especials, relativament noves o avançades de les principals fonts d'energia. Totes les explicacions de RETP CCUS van seguides de la seva quota de mercat, els reptes, les implicacions per a una major adopció, les perspectives i els inconvenients. 2. Anàlisi de treballs experimentals relacionats amb l'ús directe de combustible que conté CO2 d'origen biològic per subministrar un procés electroquímic dedicat a la producció d'energia a alta eficiència. A més, el treball analitza un estudi de cas anomenat DEMOSOFC situat en una planta de tractament d¿aigües residuals (EDAR) a Torí, Itàlia. Analitza la producció d'energia mitjançant l'ús de biogàs produït a les EDAR i informa dels resultats de l'ús de carboni (contingut en CO2), ja que produeix energia i calor (en configuració CHP) mitjançant piles de combustible; concretament, les piles de combustible d'òxid sòlid. 3. Anàlisi del treball experimental i de modelització realitzat al Politècnic de Torí, relacionat amb l'ús de la molècula de carboni per produir combustibles sintètics (e-metà (CH4) i e-metanol (CH3OH)) mitjançant dos processos: electròlisi del vapor + metanació , i l'electròlisi del vapor + producció de metanol. 4. Anàlisi del procés químic anomenat carbonatació mineral (MC), una tecnologia d'utilització i emmagatzematge de captures de carboni (CCUS) que pot capturar grans quantitats de CO2 i convertir-lo en productes carbonats estables que es poden utilitzar fàcilment al mercat del ciment i el formigó. 5. L'examen de la comercialització potencial de les tecnologies CCUS mitjançant la identificació de quatre mercats principals i vuit categories de productes fonamentals per impulsar noves inversions i innovació a un ritme accelerat. Els principals mercats i productes discutits en aquest capítol són: (1) Mercats: materials de construcció, productes intermedis químics, combustibles, polímers (2) Productes: agregats de carbonat, metanol, àcid fòrmic, syngas, combustibles líquids, metà, poliols i policarbonats. 6. Avalua l'increment continuat de RETP CCUS malgrat la pandèmia Covid-19 resultant d'una barreja de polítiques, regulacions, incentius i innovacions passades incrustades en els sectors elèctrics de molts països avançats.
Le preoccupazioni per il riscaldamento globale e il cambiamento climatico hanno innescato gli sforzi internazionali per ridurre la quantità e la concentrazione delle emissioni di CO2 per scongiurare enormi danni economici e ambientali. Negli ultimi anni, lo sviluppo di tecnologie efficienti e convenienti per ridurre le emissioni di CO2 antropogeniche ha preso piede in tutto il mondo. L'argomento principale di questo lavoro ruota intorno alla molecola di CO2, un gas di scarto a basso valore, a bassa energia e stabile, spesso disponibile in grandi quantità in singole località. Questo lavoro esamina alcune strade percorribili per catturare, utilizzare e immagazzinare la CO2 (CCUS), con l'obiettivo finale di ridurre le emissioni di gas serra e il riscaldamento globale. Inoltre, lo studio esamina anche vari percorsi per accelerare la commercializzazione dei prodotti a base di carbonio e delle loro tecnologie. Attualmente le tecnologie CCU stanno vivendo vari stadi di performance e maturità; tuttavia, ci sono progressi significativi nelle tecnologie CCU che hanno progredito negli ultimi dieci anni; varie tecnologie che mostrano una promettente scalabilità commerciale e caratteristiche di mobilità avanzate. Inoltre, il rapido declino dei costi di molte fonti rinnovabili (principalmente solare ed eolico) ha reso l'elettricità a basso costo e quasi a zero emissioni di carbonio abbondante in termini di capacità e località. Di conseguenza, questo ha spinto alcuni mercati a offrire elettricità a costi accessibili e, in alcuni casi, anche a prezzi negativi. Poiché l'elettricità rinnovabile sta gradualmente diminuendo di prezzo, c'è stato un aumento della conoscenza delle nuove applicazioni potenziali, (per esempio, CCU e CCUS) considerando di trasformare questa tendenza in un'impresa redditizia. Questo lavoro si concentra su sei aspetti principali relativi ai processi e alle tecnologie emergenti di CCUS basati sull'energia rinnovabile: 1. Un'indagine approfondita di tre tecnologie e processi emergenti di energia rinnovabile (RETP) (cioè, biogas e celle a combustibile, combustibili sintetici, carbonatazione minerale di ceneri volanti) che rientrano nel paradigma CCUS e sono speciali, relativamente nuovi, o forme avanzate delle fonti di energia tradizionali. La spiegazione di ogni RETP CCUS è seguita dalla sua quota di mercato, dalle sfide, dalle implicazioni per una maggiore adozione, dalle prospettive e dagli svantaggi. 2. Analisi del lavoro sperimentale relativo all'uso diretto del combustibile contenente CO2 di origine biologica per alimentare un processo elettrochimico dedicato alla produzione di energia ad alta efficienza. Inoltre, il lavoro analizza un caso di studio chiamato DEMOSOFC situato in un impianto di trattamento delle acque reflue (WWTP) a Torino, Italia. Esso esamina la produzione di energia utilizzando il biogas prodotto presso il WWTP e riporta i risultati dell'uso del carbonio (contenuto nella CO2) per produrre energia e calore (in configurazione CHP) utilizzando celle a combustibile; in particolare, celle a combustibile a ossido solido. 6 3. Analisi del lavoro sperimentale e modellistico svolto presso il Politecnico di Torino legato all'utilizzo della molecola del Carbonio per produrre combustibili sintetici (e-metano (CH4) ed e-metanolo (CH3OH)) attraverso due processi: elettrolisi a vapore + metanazione, ed elettrolisi a vapore + produzione di metanolo. 4. Analisi del processo chimico chiamato carbonatazione minerale (MC), una tecnologia di cattura, utilizzo e stoccaggio del carbonio (CCUS) che può catturare grandi quantità di CO2 e convertirla in prodotti carbonati stabili che possono essere facilmente utilizzati nel mercato del cemento e del calcestruzzo. Il lavoro porta avanti la prova pragmatica che la produzione MC ha il potenziale per fornire un reddito netto positivo e la sua fattibilità commerciale è un'impresa realistica. Tuttavia, la prospettiva di una nuova direzione di cementazione tramite la carbonatazione di FA è ancora in fase di maturazione ma con un grande potenziale di commercializzazione accelerata. L'intensificazione dei benefici ambientali ed economici generati da questo nuovo percorso per la cementazione sono sostanziali se paragonati agli attuali metodi di utilizzo dell'AF nell'industria delle costruzioni. Tuttavia, le politiche e i regolamenti esistenti sul carbonio, che limitano l'uso delle ceneri volanti (principalmente quelle ceneri che contengono maggiori quantità di calcio-HCFA) possono avere un impatto sul progresso delle tecnologie di cattura del carbonio e sulla commercializzazione dei prodotti a base di carbonio. 5. L'esame della potenziale commercializzazione delle tecnologie CCUS identificando quattro mercati principali e otto categorie di prodotti critici per guidare ulteriori investimenti e innovazione ad un ritmo accelerato. I finanziamenti e gli incentivi sono necessari per la maggior parte di questi prodotti per accelerare lo sviluppo e raggiungere una capacità di lancio commerciale su larga scala. I principali mercati e prodotti discussi in questo capitolo sono: (1) Mercati - materiali da costruzione, intermedi chimici, combustibili, polimeri (2) Prodotti - aggregati carbonati, metanolo, acido formico, syngas, combustibili liquidi, metano, polioli e policarbonati. 6. Valuta il continuo aumento di RETP CCUS nonostante la pandemia di Covid-19 derivante da una miscela di politiche passate, regolamenti, incentivi e innovazioni incorporati nei settori energetici di molti paesi lungimiranti. Inoltre, guarda al futuro di RETP CCUS dopo la pandemia.
Erasmus Mundus en serveis energètics sostenibles
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Ismayilli, Heydar. "Circular economy and carbon capture, utilisation and storage technologies in developing countries." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23419/.
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The Earth gets warmer primarily as a result of human activity, which results in the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, most notably carbon dioxide, CO2. Increasing carbon dioxide concentration brings many problems with itself such as climate change, global warming, freshwater issues, reduced soil productivity, increasing acid rains, human health issues, extinction of species and more. And developing countries have a huge share in this increase in carbon dioxide emissions. To tackle with undesirable change, new missions and technologies are needed. In the coming decades, a carbon capture, utilisation, and storage appears to be a viable problem-solving technology. Developed countries started to use these technologies, demonstrating that although zero-emission is currently unlikely, reducing pollution is entirely feasible.
This paper mainly focus on this relationship and provide information for developing countries to shift from linear economy to circular economy. The idea of a "circular economy" (CE) is quickly gaining traction as a new model for sustainable development. A circular economy is one in which goods, gases and materials are removed, recycled, repaired, and reused rather than discarded, and waste from one manufacturing process is turned into a valuable input.
The research development scenario aims to increase the number of CCUS plants which result with decreasing of carbon dioxide emissions. The scenario says that, four factories should come together and construct one carbon capture, utilisation and storage plant. One of the main part of this idea is capturing process begins where the greenhouse gas emit to the atmosphere. Those gases absorbed by special adsorbers and transported to main pipeline by polyethylene pipelines. The main pipeline takes all the absorbed gases to the CCUS plants. By using this system, emitted carbon dioxide will be captured before mixing to air or atmosphere.
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Iyer, Venkatraman 1967. "Backside charging of CCDs." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288934.
Full textAbstract:
Backside illuminated thinned CCDs have the highest response in the UV and blue spectral region. Their use in detectors is limited due to the instability of the CCD. A low temperature oxide nearly 30 Å thick is grown on the acid thinned backside to tie up dangling bonds. The oxide carries fixed positive charges that attract and trap photogenerated electrons. A permanent and stable backside charging procedure is necessary to create a negative bias that will drive electrons to the frontside collection wells. We have shown chemisorption charging to be a novel method to permanently charge CCDs. The catalytic nature of certain metals are exploited to chemisorb oxygen as negative atomic species at the metal/oxide interface. Charging is shown to occur by depositing a thin film 10 Å of platinum on the backside. No tunneling occurs because of the thick oxide. The Passivated Platinum Film (PPtF) which utilizes a hafnium oxide antireflection coating to passivate the platinum is an effective process, but it is sensitive to the environment and discharges quickly upon hydrogen exposure. A silver catalytic coating is shown to be far superior to other charging techniques. Silver irreversibly chemisorbs oxygen and hydrogen is not dissociatively adsorbed except at temperatures < 100°K. High quantum efficiencies have been recorded for the UV-blue ranges. A slight drop is seen at cold temperatures due to interaction of water with oxygen to form hydroxyl ions. No change in QE is seen upon exposure to hydrogen or during outgassing. Silver is also one of the most transparent metals and easily deposited by evaporation. We therefore have developed a charging process which is nearly ideal for CCD imaging.
Books on the topic "CCUs"
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Service, Craigmillar Community Information. CCIS annual report. {Edinburgh}: CCIS, 1999.
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Service, Craigmillar Community Information. CCIS annual report. {Edinburgh}: CCIS, 1998.
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Qin, Bing, Haofen Wang, Ming Liu, and Jiangtao Zhang, eds. CCKS 2021 - Evaluation Track. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0713-5.
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Zhang, Ningyu, Meng Wang, Tianxing Wu, Wei Hu, and Shumin Deng, eds. CCKS 2022 - Evaluation Track. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8300-9.
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Gray, Ann. CCCS selected working papers. London: Routledge, 2007.
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1946-, Gray Ann, ed. CCCS selected working papers. London: Routledge, 2007.
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Dávila, Carlos. CCMS/CLADEA/Interman innovation programme. São Paulo: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Estudos Avançados, 1992.
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Centre, University of Wolverhampton Computer. Using CCUB the sun UNIX system. Wolverhampton: University of Wolverhampton, 1992.
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Portuguesa, Cinemateca, and Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, eds. CCCS, Ciclo de Cinema Clássico Soviético. [Lisbon]: Cinemateca Portuguesa, 1987.
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Freiberger Energierechtstag 2 2009 Freiberg, ed. CCS und Recht: Tagungsband. Leipzig: Verl. für Alternatives Energierecht, Maslaton, 2010.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "CCUs"
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Larkin, Patricia, Monica Gattinger, and Stephen Bird. "Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage: Public Confidence in Risk Decision-Making." In Democratizing Risk Governance, 161–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24271-7_7.
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AbstractCanada has developed extensive expertise and experience in carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). Although CCUS has repeatedly been identified as an important option for carbon dioxide emissions reductions in the last fifteen years, it has not reached its potential largely because the technology faces challenges across a range of socioeconomic and political risks. This chapter identifies the key risks influencing public confidence in CCUS and government decision-making processes and develops recommendations for decision-makers to support public confidence in risk decision-making for CCUS. It includes in-depth interviews with decision-makers from a variety of sectors related to CCUS policy and implementation along with a comprehensive review of academic, industry, and government publications. Using the REACT framework of risk management tools (regulatory, economic, advisory, community-based, and technology), the chapter recommends a variety of risk management options that can help to strengthen public confidence in CCUS and regulatory frameworks underpinning its development. The analysis suggests that a wide variety of actions is needed in order for CCUS to make the contribution to climate mitigation that continues to be envisioned for large industrial sites.
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Langhelle, Oluf, Siddharth Sareen, and Benjamin R. Silvester. "From CCS to CCU and CCUS – the pitfalls of utilisation and storage." In Making CO2 a Resource, 127–42. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003388647-7.
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Bejar, Rafael. "MDS Mimics Including CHIP, ICUS, and CCUS." In Diagnosis and Management of Myelodysplastic Syndromes, 91–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51878-3_6.
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Jiang, Mengfei, Xi Liang, Ming Lei, Francisco Ascui, Qianguo Lin, Muxin Liu, and Li Wang. "Design Options of ETS: How to Incentivize CCUS." In Climate Mitigation and Adaptation in China, 219–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4310-1_6.
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Wang, Xi, Feng Gao, Liang Xiong, and Yu-jia Wu. "International Oil Company CCUS Business and Technology Models." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 601–11. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0268-8_47.
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Zheng, Boyue, Jianjie Niu, and Kaiqiang Zhang. "Current Status and Outlook of CCUS Industry in China." In Current Chinese Economic Report Series, 289–306. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7289-0_17.
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Hao, Mingqiang, Yongle Hu, Shiyu Wang, and Lina Song. "The Development Features and Cost Analysis of CCUS Industry in China." In The Three Sisters, 277–93. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119510079.ch14.
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Guo, Yihui, Fangzhu Xi, Yingjie Li, Mingyue Zhao, Tianyi Zhang, Siqi Tu, and Ye Chen. "Research Progress on CO2 Corrosion Resistance of Cement in CCUS Environment." In Computational and Experimental Simulations in Engineering, 1337–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42515-8_94.
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Lin, Qianguo, Xi Liang, Ming Lei, Y. M. Zhang, Y. R. Pan, and N. Wang. "CCUS: What is It? How Does It Cost? Techno-Economic Analysis." In Climate Mitigation and Adaptation in China, 109–79. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4310-1_4.
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Yin, Zhuo-cheng. "Analysis and Prospect of Key Technologies for CCUS Coupling Hydrogen Production." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 676–97. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0268-8_53.
Full textConference papers on the topic "CCUs"
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Miyondri, D. "Indonesian CO2 Reduction Readiness Through CCS/CCUS Activities." In Indonesian Petroleum Association - 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition 2022. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-e-215.
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Indonesia has set a target for emissions reduction to attain Net Zero Emission (NZE) by 2060. The oil and gas industry has a key role in achieving this target by implementing carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). Does the current status of joint studies and existing and upcoming carbon policy give confidence that CCS/CCUS activities will be successfully implemented in the future? Lemigas (2015) estimated that Indonesia has a potential CO2 storage capacity of more than 1.5 Gigatons. This is a huge potential compared to potential power plant CCS schemes of only 0.12 Gigatons. Since 2013, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) and Lemigas have collaborated with an international company to fully understand the CCS/CCUS potential in Indonesia. On the other hand, there are few laws and regulations regarding CCS/CCUS. In 2019, the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resource issued MEMR Decree 22/2019 on an emissions inventory and mitigation in the Energy sector. Then in 2021, President Regulation no 98/2021 was released on carbon economic value. Currently, the MEMR is drafting Ministerial Regulations on CCS/CCUS. In conclusion, it can be said that CCS/CCUS activities in Indonesia are still at the early-stage. Although some efforts have been made, Indonesia may have the opportunity to reach the target faster by Bilateral and multi-company collaboration.
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Guo, Hu, Xiuqin Lyu, En Meng, Yang Xu, Menghao Zhang, Hongtao Fu, Yuxuan Zhang, and Kaoping Song. "CCUS in China: Challenges and Opportunities." In SPE Improved Oil Recovery Conference. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209468-ms.
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Abstract CO2 emission was the major cause that accounted for the global warming and climate chance. How to reduce CO2 footprint to stop or slow down the global warming has been hot topic. As a developing country, China has become the largest CO2 emission nation in the world during the industrialization process to develop economy, although the CO2 emission intensity has been reduced significantly compared to previous stage. China has promised and succeeded to keep the promise reduce carbon intensity to meet the requirement of Paris Agreement. To meet the promise to attain carbon peak emission in 2030 and carbon neutrality in 2060 (CPCN), carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is an important and necessary step. Considering the high cost, high energy intensity and complex technology integrated optimization add uncertainties of CCS, utilization of captured CO2 can be of vital importance. One of the most attractive CCUS in China is CO2 enhanced oil recovery with captured CO2 (CCS EOR). CO2 EOR with captured CO2 may be one the best CCUS ways for China for the following three reasons. First, it can meet the increasing oil demand while reducing the carbon intensive coal. Second, around 66 CO2 EOR field tests have been conducted in China and experiences have ben gained. Finally, CO2 EOR in the USA was a proven technology which can increase oil production significantly and stably. Latest CCUS technology progress in China was reviewed. As of July 2021, 49 projects were carried out or under construction. Net CO2 avoided costs from 39 projects varied from 120 to 730 CNY/ ton CO2 (18.5-112.3 USD/ ton CO2). Although CCUS technology development in China was significant, the gap between global leading levels are obvious. Current challenges of CCS EOR include high CO2 capture cost, small scale, low incremental oil recovery, long-time huge capital input. The costs can be significantly reduced when the scale was enlarged to a commercial scale and transportation costs were further reduced by either pipelines or trains. CO2 transportation with well-distributed high-speed rail in China may be a feasible choice in future. If the CO2 EOR in China develops with the same speed as the USA, CO2 used for EOR in 2050 can be as high as 87.27 million tons. CO2 used for CO2 EOR in 2050 can account for 17% to 44% of the CO2 emission. CCS EOR in China will provid both domestic and international companies with good opportunities.
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Meng, Xian Ling. "Low-Carbon Development Strategy and CCS/CCUS Practices of Sinopec." In Carbon Management Technology Conference. Carbon Management Technology Conference, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7122/438081-ms.
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Hill, Gerald. "SECARB CCUS Demonstration Project." In Air Quality IX. US DOE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1765683.
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Rowe, A. C., and B. D. Craig. "Selection of Corrosion Resistant Alloys for CCS and CCUS Injection Wells." In IADC/SPE International Drilling Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217664-ms.
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Abstract Currently there is little information or test data available for determining the most suitable corrosion resistant alloys (CRAs) for downhole injection equipment in carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) and carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) wells. This paper provides a guideline for such selections based on the composition of the CO2 stream, including impurities, and the composition of the saline formation into which the CO2 will be injected.
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Sheikh, Fathesha. "Commercialization of Al Reyadah – World's 1st Carbon Capture CCUS Project from Iron & Steel Industry for Enhanced Oil Recovery CO2-EOR." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207676-ms.
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Abstract As fossil fuels will continue to be a key source of energy for the world, the role of carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) has become increasingly important in addressing climate change by limiting emissions and by establishing a pathway to reaching net-zero. In spite of its significance, the deployment of CCUS globally in the past decade has not met expectations. It is largely due to the challenges in commercializing the technology. On the contrary, ADNOC successfully deployed CCUS in 2016 and has been operating Al Reyadah - the world's first CCUS project in Iron & Steel Industry and Middle East's first commercial CCUS project for enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR). Similar to other industrialized economies, Abu Dhabi has various sources where carbon dioxide (CO2) is emitted. It also has an advanced oil & gas industry which requires CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in order to improve production output. ADNOC synergized these two industries to create a business case. The concept of a CO2 network, linking CO2 producer (source) and CO2 user for EOR (sinks) was developed as far back as 2008. Various studies where undertaken and a steel facility was identified as an ideal choice for a 1st project, given availability of CO2 and proximity to the ADNOC oil fields. In 2012, Al Reyadah was formed to develop the facility and pipeline that is operating today. This is the first step in a vision that would see multiple sources within Abu Dhabi that will be connected via a pipeline network to supply the CO2 needs of ADNOC for EOR, sequestering CO2 and reducing the UAEs greenhouse footprint, whilst freeing up vital hydrocarbon gases (used currently in EOR) for use in commercial industry. From inception, Al Reyadah has been referenced for decarbonization by many global organizations including International Energy Agency (IEA) and International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and has won prestigious recognitions from Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) and Emirates Energy Awards (EEA). This paper discusses the various strategies and commercialization tactics that ADNOC applied to deploy this unique project, which is only among 21 CCS/CCUS projects operating in the world in 2020 and a precursor to thousands of CCS/CCUS projects that are expected to be built globally in the coming years.
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Al-Zayani, Alia I., Pramod D. Patil, Abdulaziz S. Al-Qasim, and Sunil L. Kokal. "An Overview of Advanced Subsurface and Surface Measurements for CCUS Project." In Middle East Oil, Gas and Geosciences Show. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213510-ms.
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Abstract Monitoring and surveillance (M&S) is one of the key requisites for assessing the effectiveness and success of any CCS/CCUS projects. It will help understand, track, monitor, and predict the Injectant plume migration, flow paths, and breakthrough times. The M&S helps in quantifying sequestered injected gas and any inadvertent leakage. It provides a good understanding of the remaining oil saturation (ROS) and its distribution in the reservoir. A comprehensive and advanced monitoring and surveillance (M&S) program was developed and is currently being deployed to address CCS/CCUS project objectives. The advanced M&S plan incorporates conventional, advanced, and emerging novel technologies for wellbore and inter-well measurements. These include advanced time-lapse pulsed neutron, resistivity, diffusion logs, and bore-hole gravity measurements, cross-well geophysical measurements, water and gas tracers, geochemical, compositional and soil gas analyses, and 4D seismic and surface gravity measurements. Results from monitoring and surveillance technologies provide a better understanding of the reservoir dynamics within the subject area. The results can be used to refine the reservoir simulation model and fine tune its parameters. This paper reviews some proven best practices and draws examples from ongoing projects and related novel technologies being deployed. It will then look at the new horizon for M&S technologies for CCS and CCUS.
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Zhang, W., D. Zhou, X. Wang, Y. Dai, X. Li, and Y. Cao. "Application of Fault Sealing Technology Based on 3D Modeling in CCS/CCUS." In 85th EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition - Workshop Programme. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202410871.
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Maulana, A. "Qualitative Early Screening Tools for CCUS Location and Its Application for Tangguh Vorwata EGR CCUS." In Indonesian Petroleum Association - 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition 2022. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-g-253.
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The oil and gas industry has recently seen an increase in Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) activity. CCUS and hydrocarbon exploration & development share a lot of things in common, primarily in the interpretation and assessment of subsurface. While numerous publications are available on exploring hydrocarbon, fewer published references exist for researching and screening high-potential CCUS locations. This paper is intended to share the qualitative screening tools to look for high potential CCUS location and its application in Tangguh CCUS, Vorwata Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR) program. Early screening for CCUS focuses on identifying all relevant aspects, which are the source, the transport, and the storage of the CO2. Each element has three different classifications, as favorable, neutral, and unfavorable, based on defined metrics. For example, the metric for source is the distance to the storage; is it near or far? Near CO2 source to storage site will be classified as favorable, and far distance will be classified as unfavorable. A neutral classification is applied to the aspect that needs further data or analysis. The metric definition is adjusted as required. For example, if the preferred location is offshore, then the metric can be set to favor the offshore location and vice versa. This screening has been applied to Tangguh CCUS, Vorwata Field. Vorwata field is an offshore field located in Bintuni Bay, Papua Barat province, Indonesia, which was discovered in the 1990s. The result from the screening tools application shows that Vorwata, in all aspects of source, transport, and storage of CO2, is classified as favorable. The study suggests that this qualitative screening tool is useful in identifying a high potential location for the CCUS program. It offers a systematic approach to identifying a high potential area of focus. At the same time, it also offers flexibility through different sets of agreed metrics for classification.
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Betiku, Adedola, and Bassey Okon Bassey. "Exploring the Barriers to Implementation of Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage in Nigeria." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-22387-ms.
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Abstract The global economy has increased CCUS technology development programmes to attain its commercial deployment, which is expected to be beneficial for developing countries such as Nigeria. This paper aims to examine the barriers to CCUS implementation in Nigeria by investigating the differences between global CCUS and Nigerian status, evaluating the perspectives of industry and government practitioners on the economic barriers to CCUS implementation, and identifying policy and industry strategies to deepen the adoption of CCUS. Study participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique to explore the opinions of personnel working in three oil-related agencies: Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Ministry of Petroleum Resources and Nigerian Liquefied Natural Gas. Information collected from existing literature and related reports on CCUS were critically analysed, whereas data from semi-structured interviews were generated by audio-recording of participants’ responses. These responses were transcribed from audio recordings for each participant and quality controlled by ensuring that transcripts matched the respective responses. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis, exploring the research theme using both theory and practice. The theoretical framework utilised PESTEL and SWOT analyses to evaluate the macro environment and the internal and external environment of CCUS implementation in Nigeria. PESTEL analysis showed that CCUS implementation in Nigeria is driven by various regulatory and policy frameworks, lack of adequate capital, public acceptance and infrastructure. Similarly, the SWOT analysis showed that Nigeria has enough coal reserves that could serve as a potential for CCUS implementation. However, Nigeria’s weaknesses include lack of expertise in CCUS technology, inadequate capital for CCUS investment and policy summersaults by successive governments. Nigeria should thus consider the introduction of subsidies to mitigate various barriers and challenges that hinder CCUS implementation, e.g., low tax rate for enterprises involved in CCUS implementation. There is also urgent need to improve funding of CCUS implementation through foreign direct investment or by the equity market. Furthermore, the importance for an enhanced technology to deepen the adoption of CCUS in Nigeria can not be overemphasized as the world moves towards decarbonisation and Net Zero.
Reports on the topic "CCUs"
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Skone, Timothy J. SOFC NG and Coal plant with CCUS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1509448.
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Kammer, Ryan Matthew, and Richard Stephen Middleton. Deep Saline Formations and Their Role in CCUS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1373529.
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Noring, Alex, Amanda Harker-Steele, Bob Wallace, C. Logan, Ivonne Pena-Cabra, John Brewer, Kirk Labarbara, et al. Wyoming CCUS Study: Regional Electricity and Environmental Markets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1650583.
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Hoover, Brendan Arthur. Moving Toward an Optimal and Automated Geospatial Network for CCUS Infrastructure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1296698.
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Hill, Brian, and Gerald Hill. SECARB-USA: Initial Inventory of Non-Technical Challenges to CCUS Deployment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1836781.
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Wimer, John G. Fossil Energy RD&D: Reducing the Cost of CCUS for Coal Power Plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1489768.
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Delgado Alonso, Jesus. Real-time In-situ CO2 Monitoring (RICO2M) Network for Sensitive Subsurface Areas in CCUS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1569037.
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Middleton, Richard Stephen. Developing CCUS system models to handle the complexity of multiple sources and sinks: An update on Tasks 5.3 and 5.4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1358179.
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Hill, P. R. CCGS vector 2013007PGC cruise report. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/296203.
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Lintern, D. G., C. D. Stacey, J. Shaw, N. Koshure, J V Barrie, P. Bobrowsky, K. Conway, et al. CCGS Tully 2014007PGC cruise report. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/296566.
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