Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'CCTV'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: CCTV.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'CCTV.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
England, Angela. "CCTV, privacy and shopping." Thesis, Southampton Solent University, 2005. http://ssudl.solent.ac.uk/587/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis coinsiders the two areas of CCTV research, town centre statistical studies and public attitude surveys and how CCTV has through widespread introduction, impacted upon the concept of privacy. The concept of privacy taken by this thesis is wider that the legal definition and is most briefly but relevantly defined as the 'freedom from surveillance by closed circuit television.' Town centre studies aim to look at the effectiveness of CCTV as a method of crime control. Public attitude surveys aim to use quantitative research questionnaires to discover the opinions of CCTV users, to gauge CCTV's effect upon the fear of crime and to analyse the public's expectations and actual experiences of CCTV and to consider if the social benefit of CCTV over the threat to privacy is on balance, worth the loss in privacy. Town centre and public attitude studies are the only types of published research thus far conducted upon CCTV. Three innovative studies have attempted to disperse the view that CCTV had specific uses, benefits and limitations. These studies focused on CCTV as a benefit to retail consumerism, the attitudes of offenders and the opinions and practices of CCTV operators. This thesis considers whether the threat to privacy is greater when surveillance is operated by private security companies in quasi-public places. The thesis considers how the general public's desire to shop has increased the likelihood of their submitting to such quasi-public space surveillance in return for the benefits of consumption
2
Myrans, J. "Automated analysis of sewer CCTV surveys." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/36637.
Full textAbstract:
Sewers across the globe must be regularly inspected to ensure their smooth running and effective maintenance. Furthermore, surveys are often performed reactively, often diagnosing suspected faults within a network. Almost all surveys in the UK and abroad are performed using closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras where pipes are too small for manual inspection. As such vast quantities of footage are recorded by surveying teams on a daily basis. This footage is currently analysed manually, requiring a trained engineer to watch through its entirety, annotating potential faults. This thesis examines methods of improving this labelling process, implementing various machine learning and image processing techniques to automate this procedure. The thesis presents two distinct methodologies: the first for the detection of faults, using only raw CCTV footage, whilst the second identifies the type of a detected fault according to the Manual of Sewer Condition Classification. The fault detection methodology identifies the presence of a fault within a CCTV image. The methodology calculates a GIST feature descriptor for each video frame, before utilising a Random Forest classifier, to predict the presence of a fault. The basic methodology was further refined with the inclusion of smoothing, to eliminate isolated inconstancies, and stacking to intuitively combine the results of multiple machine learning classifiers. The final methodology achieved a detection accuracy of 86% on unseen real-life data from the UK. The fault classification methodology identifies the fault type in images, where faults have been previously detected using the above technique. The tool again calculates a frame's GIST descriptor before applying multiple Random Forest classifiers in a '1 vs all' architecture to predict the type of a given fault. This architecture allowed for comparative classifications and later enabled the identification of multiple faults within a single frame. The methodology achieved a peak accuracy of 74% when classifying faults well represented by the dataset (at least 100 examples). Furthermore, when including multi-label functionality, the tool achieved an accuracy of 67% across all fault types. Both methods have been developed to be holistic and practical, utilising only industry standard CCTV footage and generalising well across all types of sewer system (size, shape and material). Furthermore, as both methodologies rely on the same feature descriptor, they integrate well to form a methodology that could be applied in real time. As such the thesis also explores the practical implications of creating a detection support tool capable of integration with current working practices. In combination both methodologies and their additions present a unique contribution to the field of automated sewer surveying. Achieving competitive accuracies with a streamlined methodology, the technology shows promise for future application in industry, greatly increasing the speed, accuracy and consistency of CCTV sewer surveys.
3
Kroener, I. "CCTV : a technology under the radar?" Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/19711/.
Full textAbstract:
Closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras have become a ubiquitous feature of everyday life in the UK over the last thirty years. In this thesis I undertake an examination of the historical, political, social, economic, and technological factors, influencing the development, usage, and widespread dissemination of CCTV in the UK. I focus on the issue of why the UK has become so camera-surveilled, and especially the specific role that the public has played in relation to the development and use of the technology. I examine the historical factors through an analysis of the development of surveillance, policing, and political change, during the 20th and early 21st centuries, and early and contemporary uses of CCTV, situating this in the wider context of a history of the criminal justice system. I also look at the media and policy context in which CCTV has developed and become widespread, with this element of the thesis particularly informed by an analysis of the way in which the public are constructed. Next, I carry out an empirical study exploring public engagement and consultation in relation to, and feelings towards, the installation of CCTV onto two estates in East London as part of a project to expand access to digital services in London. Finally, I give an overview of international experiences of CCTV providing a broader context for the final analysis. I argue that the lack of legislation and regulation at the time of the inception of CCTV allowed its subsequent and rapid proliferation. The initial growth of CCTV also occurred at a time when public debate and engagement in science and technology policy did not take place. Its use as a tool for crime prevention was cemented by a police force looking for a shoulder to share the burden of fighting crime. This coupled with an availability of public money for the installation of CCTV systems, the need for a political solution to rising levels of crime, and an apparently passive public, formed the ideal environment for the rise of CCTV.
4
Кайдик, О. Л., Т. В. Терлецький, and В. В. Пташенчук. "До питання підвищення ефективності інформаційної системи CCTV." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19313.
Full text
5
Von, Silva-Tarouca Larsen Beatrice. "The ethics of CCTV surveillance in public places." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613197.
Full text
6
Keval, H. U. "Effective design, configuration, and use of digital CCTV." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/15793/.
Full textAbstract:
It is estimated that there are five million CCTV cameras in use today. CCTV is used by a wide range of organisations and for an increasing number of purposes. Despite this, there has been little research to establish whether these systems are fit for purpose. This thesis takes a socio-technical approach to determine whether CCTV is effective, and if not, how it could be made more effective. Humancomputer interaction (HCI) knowledge and methods have been applied to improve this understanding and what is needed to make CCTV effective; this was achieved in an extensive field study and two experiments. In Study 1, contextual inquiry was used to identify the security goals, tasks, technology and factors which affected operator performance and the causes at 14 security control rooms. The findings revealed a number of factors which interfered with task performance, such as: poor camera positioning, ineffective workstation setups, difficulty in locating scenes, and the use of low-quality CCTV recordings. The impact of different levels of video quality on identification and detection performance was assessed in two experiments using a task-focused methodology. In Study 2, 80 participants identified 64 face images taken from four spatially compressed video conditions (32, 52, 72, and 92 Kbps). At a bit rate quality of 52 Kbps (MPEG-4), the number of faces correctly identified reached significance. In Study 3, 80 participants each detected 32 events from four frame rate CCTV video conditions (1, 5, 8, and 12 fps). Below 8 frames per second, correct detections and task confidence ratings decreased significantly. These field and empirical research findings are presented in a framework using a typical CCTV deployment scenario, which has been validated through an expert review. The contributions and limitations of this thesis are reviewed, and suggestions for how the framework should be further developed are provided.
7
Papaioannou, Savvas. "Tracking multiple mobile devices in CCTV-enabled areas." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c159e6e8-d6b1-4d44-a319-54d6ca5947f1.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last decade, we have witnessed an unprecedented interest in indoor positioning technologies, with a variety of solutions developed in academic and industrial research labs. Although the field has reached a significant level of maturity, there is still no dominant solution and, as a consequence, positioning services are still lacking in many buildings. In order for a solution to be widely implemented and adopted, two key requirements must be satisfied: low cost and high accuracy. The dichotomy between cost and accuracy has fragmented the technology landscape, leading to a plethora of competing solutions that cannot satisfy both requirements simultaneously. The key objective of this thesis is to investigate how to unify the two disparate camps, providing high positioning accuracy with very low cost. Many approaches have tried to achieve this goal by fusing different sensor modalities. However, the majority of existing work has only investigated how to fuse sequences of measurements for which the associations with the targets are known (i.e. device personal data). Sensor fusion techniques that combine device personal data and anonymous sensor streams (where the associations between the measurements and the targets are not known) remain under-explored as of today. In this thesis, we investigate how to efficiently combine device sensor data and anonymous sensor streams from various sensor modalities in order to build low cost and high accuracy positioning systems. By combining these two types of sensor modalities in one system we see a great potential in designing cost-effective and accurate positioning systems for challenging environments such as for tracking people in highly dynamic industrial settings. Our goal is to design a multi-target multi-sensor tracking framework which will utilise existing sensor infrastructure found in industrial environments and large public buildings (e.g museums) in order to provide reliable positioning services.
8
Heydon, Jeffrey Douglas. "Power and the image : CCTV and televisual governance." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2016. http://research.gold.ac.uk/18250/.
Full textAbstract:
The text addresses the ways in which camera surveillance and, primarily, Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) is used to support the efficacy of governmental authority. The primary concern is the extent to which the video image has become integral to the exercise and the legitimization of the use of power and to provide support for State prosecutions and surveillance with particular reference to Canada and the United Kingdom. The thesis begins by introducing a short history of the use of CCTV in government, followed by a selection of example cases that illustrate the use of CCTV in British and Canadian court cases. The text then moves on to a theoretical evaluation of CCTV as a complement of the processes of governing and the establishment of what, in line with Foucault, I call the ‘institutional gaze’. In so doing it will show how the determination of the subject and the observer is also profoundly affected by this form of electronic media. The relationship between the individual and police and security services, the effect that media has on the way that space is perceived and how the camera has become an integral component of carrying out policing and security programs in contemporary life are major themes. McLuhan, Baudrillard, Virilio, Foucault and Derrida, among others, are consulted in order to evaluate the relationship between viewer, subject and space. Overall, the thesis is an evaluation of the experience of media, the determination of its impact and continuing influence on systems of power and the application of these determinations to the routine procedure of policing and prosecuting. The analysis shows how what is typically thought to be a linear and generally inert process of camera surveillance is in fact very complex and demands a nuanced appreciation for the effect media has on our understanding of the world around us.
9
Davis, Jeremy Paul. "Forensic identification of CCTV images of unfamiliar faces." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440549.
Full text
10
Owens, Jonathan. "Neural networks for video surveillance." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251141.
Full text
11
Park, Sang Jun. "CCTV Evaluation in Cincinnati within GIS Environment for Crime Prevention." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1381489881.
Full text
12
Soori, Umair. "Enhanced target detection in CCTV network system using colour constancy." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2014. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9926.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of this research is to study how targets can be more faithfully detected in a multi-camera CCTV network system using spectral feature for the detection. The objective of the work is to develop colour constancy (CC) methodology to help maintain the spectral feature of the scene into a constant stable state irrespective of variable illuminations and camera calibration issues. Unlike previous work in the field of target detection, two versions of CC algorithms have been developed during the course of this work which are capable to maintain colour constancy for every image pixel in the scene: 1) a method termed as Enhanced Luminance Reflectance CC (ELRCC) which consists of a pixel-wise sigmoid function for an adaptive dynamic range compression, 2) Enhanced Target Detection and Recognition Colour Constancy (ETDCC) algorithm which employs a bidirectional pixel-wise non-linear transfer PWNLTF function, a centre-surround luminance enhancement and a Grey Edge white balancing routine. The effectiveness of target detections for all developed CC algorithms have been validated using multi-camera ‘Imagery Library for Intelligent Detection Systems’ (iLIDS), ‘Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance’ (PETS) and ‘Ground Truth Colour Chart’ (GTCC) datasets. It is shown that the developed CC algorithms have enhanced target detection efficiency by over 175% compared with that without CC enhancement. The contribution of this research has been one journal paper published in the Optical Engineering together with 3 conference papers in the subject of research.
13
Fussey, Peter James. "Installing CCTV : a study of the networks of surveillance policy." Thesis, Bucks New University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411728.
Full text
14
Li, Xiao Jun. "Understanding CCTV surveillance in China :A case study of Guangzhou." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953603.
Full text
15
Hancock, Kate. "Women's perceptions of safety : CCTV in an inner city setting." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2004. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/801.
Full textAbstract:
To date, most research on closed circuit television (CCTV) has come out of the United Kingdom (UK) where the growth of CCTV has reached immense proportions with wide support and funding from the Home Office. There are 33 systems operating in Australia, with the focus of this research on the first system installed in Perth, Western Australia in 1991. There is a dearth of information on CCTV in Australia, and little research looking at the link between CCTV, women’s safety and fear of crime. The literature on fear of crime shows that women are more fearful than men even though they are less likely to be offended against. Many reasons are proposed in the literature including vulnerability, victimisation and past experience of crime, environmental factors, and psychological factors to explain women’s fear. Many methodological problems are presented in the fear of crime literature. The core aim of this research was to collect information attitudes, knowledge and opinions about closed circuit television (CCTV) and women’s safety. Six qualitative interviews were conducted with women who work in the fields related to CCTV and women’s safety or who have a keen interest in the field. A further 295 women in the community were surveyed about issues relating to the purpose and effectiveness of CCTV, attitudes about CCTV and general feelings towards crime and safety. The findings show that women are overwhelmingly supportive of CCTV in public spaces and believe CCTV reduces crime and increases feelings of safety. However, women consider the current level of surveillance to be sufficient, and would like to see more police officers, women police and improved street lighting. Women are fearful for their safety at night and are afraid of personal crimes more than property crimes. Women are fearful at the railway station, when they are alone, in car parks and walkways and when waiting for taxis. Older women are more supportive of CCTV than younger women and all women would like to be made more aware the CCTV system.
16
Sahandi, M. R. "Image compression using vector encoding." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379796.
Full text
17
Robinson, James W. "Application of patch-based super-resolution techniques to CCTV video enhancement." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402457.
Full text
18
Kaszuba, Marta, and Strid Hanna. "CCTV och Al Jazeera : Likheter och skillnader i de internationella nyhetsprogrammen." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100049.
Full textAbstract:
Stockholms Universitet, Instutitionen för journalistik, medier och kommunikation JMK, Karlavägen 104 Box 27 861, 115 93 STOCKHOLM Tel: 08-16 20 00 Titel: CCTV och Al Jazeera – likheter och skillnader i de internationella nyhetsprogrammen Title: CCTV and Al Jazeera –similarities and differences in the international news programs Författare: Hanna Strid, hanna.strid@gmail.com, Marta Kaszuba, marta.kaszuba@hotmail.com. Handledare: Christian Christensen C-uppsats Höstterminen 2013 This essay aims to identify what similarities and differences there are between news broadcastings from Chinese CCTV and Al Jazeera English which has its national headquarters in Qatar. When national channels broadcasts internationally, it is interesting to see what they choose to convey as that day's news flow and how to represent their country. It can depend on many different things such as structures of media ownership in the country and cultural context. The research methods used have been empirical studies and comparative analysis of a total of ten broadcasts of the largest daily newscasts on both channels, both news programmes are called the News Hour. All the news we have watched during the work with this essay we have studied according to Kieth Selby and Ron Cowdery's method of analysis presented in How to Study Television, this gives the essay a high grade of validity. The method has helped us to divide the empirical data into smaller components in order to make it easier to compare them. As a theoretical background we have used Stuart Hall's representation theory and his thoughts on the concept of culture. The theory is applied to verify the empirical data which is compiled in analysis chapter, and the results are discussed. In summary, we have found many similarities and differences between the programs and concluded that the news can never be objective without constantly being created by someone with an underlying idea of the material transmitted. This can be done in many ways, both with a neutral ambition as of Al Jazeera English or on CCTV which often focus on their own country's positive sides and deeds. Keywords: CCTV, Al Jazeera English, similarities, differences, news flow, national, international, broadcasts, representation, representation theory
19
Wherrett, Mark. "A CCTV system for scene analysis facilitating personnel enumeration and tracking." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401027.
Full text
20
Ellingsberg, Carol E. "CCTV use by visually impaired seniors living independently in community settings." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002ellingsbergc.pdf.
Full text
21
Annesley, James Alexander Grove. "An investigation into the generation, encoding and retrieval of CCTV-derived knowledge." Thesis, Kingston University, 2008. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/21729/.
Full textAbstract:
Modern video surveillance systems generate diverse forms of data and to facilitate the effective exchange of these data a methodical approach is required. This thesis proposes the Video Surveillance Content Description Interface (VSCDI), a component of ISO/IEC 23000-10 - Information technology - Multimedia application format (MPEG-A) - Part 10: Video surveillance application format. The interface is designed to describe content associated with and generated by a surveillance system. In particular, a set of descriptors are included for: content-based image retrieval; user-defined Classification Schemes to impose any required description ontology; and to provide consistent descriptions across multiple sources. The VSCDI is evaluated using comparisons with other meta-data frameworks and in terms of the performance of its colour descriptor components. Two new data sets are created of pedestrians in indoor environments with multiple camera views for re-identification experiments. The experiments use a novel application of colour constancy for cross-camera comparisons. Two evaluation measures are used: the Average Normalised Mean Retrieval Rate (ANMRR) for ranked estimates; and the Information Gain metric for probabilistic estimates. Techniques are investigated for using more than one descriptor both to provide the estimate and to represent a person whose image is split into Top and Bottom clothing components. The re-identification of pedestrians is discussed in the context of providing both a coherent description of the overall scene activity and within an embedded system.
22
Liu, Yu. "Professional communicators and mouthpiece operators : dual identity of Chinese journalists in CCTV." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2007. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/817.
Full text
23
Geleri, Aytekin. "An examination of public attitudes towards the use of closed circuit television in public places." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307276.
Full text
24
Al-Rawahi, Manal N. K. "Performance modelling and optimization for video-analytic algorithms in a cloud-like environment using machine learning." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/23359.
Full textAbstract:
CCTV cameras produce a large amount of video surveillance data per day, and analysing them require the use of significant computing resources that often need to be scalable. The emergence of the Hadoop distributed processing framework has had a significant impact on various data intensive applications as the distributed computed based processing enables an increase of the processing capability of applications it serves. Hadoop is an open source implementation of the MapReduce programming model. It automates the operation of creating tasks for each function, distribute data, parallelize executions and handles machine failures that reliefs users from the complexity of having to manage the underlying processing and only focus on building their application. It is noted that in a practical deployment the challenge of Hadoop based architecture is that it requires several scalable machines for effective processing, which in turn adds hardware investment cost to the infrastructure. Although using a cloud infrastructure offers scalable and elastic utilization of resources where users can scale up or scale down the number of Virtual Machines (VM) upon requirements, a user such as a CCTV system operator intending to use a public cloud would aspire to know what cloud resources (i.e. number of VMs) need to be deployed so that the processing can be done in the fastest (or within a known time constraint) and the most cost effective manner. Often such resources will also have to satisfy practical, procedural and legal requirements. The capability to model a distributed processing architecture where the resource requirements can be effectively and optimally predicted will thus be a useful tool, if available. In literature there is no clear and comprehensive modelling framework that provides proactive resource allocation mechanisms to satisfy a user's target requirements, especially for a processing intensive application such as video analytic. In this thesis, with the hope of closing the above research gap, novel research is first initiated by understanding the current legal practices and requirements of implementing video surveillance system within a distributed processing and data storage environment, since the legal validity of data gathered or processed within such a system is vital for a distributed system's applicability in such domains. Subsequently the thesis presents a comprehensive framework for the performance ii modelling and optimization of resource allocation in deploying a scalable distributed video analytic application in a Hadoop based framework, running on virtualized cluster of machines. The proposed modelling framework investigates the use of several machine learning algorithms such as, decision trees (M5P, RepTree), Linear Regression, Multi Layer Perceptron(MLP) and the Ensemble Classifier Bagging model, to model and predict the execution time of video analytic jobs, based on infrastructure level as well as job level parameters. Further in order to propose a novel framework for the allocate resources under constraints to obtain optimal performance in terms of job execution time, we propose a Genetic Algorithms (GAs) based optimization technique. Experimental results are provided to demonstrate the proposed framework's capability to successfully predict the job execution time of a given video analytic task based on infrastructure and input data related parameters and its ability determine the minimum job execution time, given constraints of these parameters. Given the above, the thesis contributes to the state-of-art in distributed video analytics, design, implementation, performance analysis and optimisation.
25
Graham, Gemma. "The (change) blindingly obvious : investigating fixation behaviour and memory recall during CCTV observation." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2016. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-change-blindingly-obvious(e6ddcac4-1ab6-485b-bfb8-84ada60036db).html.
Full textAbstract:
Relatively little is known about the strategies that people use when monitoring and interpreting (criminal) events observed in CCTV footage. Four studies reported in this thesis used a change blindness task to explore: (a) whether instructions and/or event type influence where people attend to during CCTV observation; (b) how factors such as task instructions and central and marginal information influence fixation behaviour during CCTV observation; (c) the effect of change detection on memory recall during CCTV observation; and (d) whether verbalisation, attentional set and/or repeated viewing improve change detection and memory recall rates for CCTV footage. In Experiment one, we found that change detectors fixated on the changing target directly before the change more so than non-detectors. We replicated this finding in Experiment two and additionally found that change detectors, more so than non-detectors, produced significantly more and longer fixations on the change target during the change. The findings from Experiments one and two demonstrated that observers were drawn to a criminal event, more so than a non-criminal event, and that this was especially the case for central rather than marginal events in the footage. We found no evidence that instructions significantly affected gaze behaviour. In Experiment three, we found that change detectors recalled more accurate detail from the CCTV footage compared to the non-detectors, but only once the severity of the crime had increased. Experiment four found improved rates of change detection during CCTV observation when participants were able to repeatedly view the footage. Verbalisation (thinking aloud) however made no difference in terms of change detection and the accuracy of memory recall. These findings may help to inform training courses aimed at instructing people how to optimally attend to CCTV footage.
26
Goold, B. J. "Public surveillance CCTV : aspects of its impact on policing in an English force." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251453.
Full text
27
Blechko, Anastassia. "The detection of concealed firearm carrying through CCTV : the role of affect recognition." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9102.
Full textAbstract:
This research aimed to explore whether the recognition of offenders with a concealed firearm by a human operator might be based on the recognition of affective (negative) state derived from non-verbal behaviour that is accessible from CCTV images. Since a firearm is concealed, it has been assumed that human observers would respond to subtle cues which individuals inherently produce whilst carrying a hidden firearm. These cues are believed to be reflected in the body language of those carrying firearms and might be apprehended by observers at a conscious or subconscious level. Another hypothesis is that the ability to recognize the carrier of concealed firearm in the CCTV footage might be affected by other factors, such as the skills in decoding an affective state of others and the viewpoint of observation of the surveillance targets. In order to give a theoretical and experimental basis for these hypotheses the first objective was to examine the extant literature to determine what is known about recognition of affect from non-verbal cues (e.g. facial expressions and body movement), and how it can be applied to the detection of human mal-intent. A second objective was to explore this subject in relation to the detection of concealed firearm carrying through performing a number of experimental studies. The studies employed experts, i.e. CCTV operators and mainly the lay people as participants. Also, various experimental techniques such as questionnaires and eye-tracking registration were used to investigate the topic. The results show that human observers seem to use visual indicators of affective state of surveillance targets to make a decision whether or not the individuals are carrying a concealed firearm. The most prominent cues were face, and upper body of surveillance targets, gait, posture and arm movements. The test of decoding ability did not show sufficient relationship with the ability to detect a concealed firearm bearer. The performance on the task might be view dependent. Further research into this topic will be needed to generate strategies that would support reliable detection of concealed firearm carrying through employing of related affective behavioural cues.
28
Oram, Jonathan. "BALANCING SURVEILLANCE BETWEEN NEEDS OF PRIVACY AND SECURITY: CCTV IN JAPAN AND ENGLAND." Center for Asian Legal Exchange (CALE), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20102.
Full text
29
Nguyen, Lam Ngoc. "Big brother forensic: A novel approach to mobile phone text detection via CCTV." Thesis, Nguyen, Lam Ngoc (2020) Big brother forensic: A novel approach to mobile phone text detection via CCTV. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2020. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/59304/.
Full textAbstract:
A review was undertaken for the usage of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) in relation to crime investigation, detection and prevention. The aim of this paper is to discuss the usage of the current CCTV system, and how effective it is concerning crime deterrence and crime prevention in aid of national security. Similarly, the current usage of mobile phones and its prevalence as a tool for committing crime, as well as the current limitations in digital forensics involving mobile phone extraction and analysis were also addressed. Furthermore, this review aims to highlight the current potential for a coupling technique between artificial intelligence and CCTV footage to maximise the extraction of mobile phone screen content.
30
MENICHELLI, FRANCESCA. "What's crime got to do with it? CCTV, urban security and governing elites." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/31295.
Full textAbstract:
The implementation of an open-street CCTV system is usually accompanied by bold claims on the increase in efficiency – faster deployments of patrols – and in efficacy – prevention through normalisation – that it will bring about in day-to-day policing. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in two medium-sized Italian cities where such systems have been recently implemented, the research sets out to challenge these assumptions by offering a backstage view of how surveillance is actually carried out on a day-to-day basis. Using the political and legislative changes that have taken place in Italy since the end of the ‘90s as a backdrop, the work supports the conclusion that, rather than for crime control, for which they were almost never used, cameras end up serving other goals, for the benefit of constituencies other than the residents of the two cities. Thus, CCTV needs to be understood as a device for the circulation of resources - monetary, discursive and normative - between different institutions and levels of government, part of a wider discursive regime that is only incidentally related to how crime actually affects a given city.
31
BROOKS, David, and d. brooks@ecu edu au. "Public street surveillance: a psychometric study on the perceived social risk." Edith Cowan University. Computing, Health And Science: School Of Engineering, 2003. http://adt.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2006.0007.html.
Full textAbstract:
Public street surveillance, a domain of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV), has grown enormously and is becoming common place with increasing utilization in society as an all-purpose security tool. Previous authors (Ditton, 1999; Davies, 1998; Horne, 1998; Tomkins, 1998) have raised concern over social, civil and privacy issues, but there has been limited research to quantify these concerns. There are a number of core aspects that could relocate the risk perception and therefore, social support of public street surveillance. This study utilized the psychometric paradigm to quantitatively measure the social risk perception of public street surveillance. The psychometric paradigm is a method that presents risk perception in a two factor representation, being dread risk and familiarity to risk. Four additional control activities and technologies were tested, being radioactive waste, drinking water chlorination, coal mining disease and home swimming pools. Analysis included spatial representation, and multidimensional scaling (MDS) Euclidean and INDSCAL methods. The study utilized a seven point Likert scale, pre and post methodology, and had a target population of N=2106, with a sample of N=135 (alpha=0.7).
32
Al-Raisi, Seema F. A. R. "Machine learning-based human observer analysis of video sequences." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33581.
Full textAbstract:
The research contributes to the field of video analysis by proposing novel approaches to automatically generating human observer performance patterns that can be effectively used in advancing the modern video analytic and forensic algorithms. Eye tracker and eye movement analysis technology are employed in medical research, psychology, cognitive science and advertising. The data collected on human eye movement from the eye tracker can be analyzed using the machine and statistical learning approaches. Therefore, the study attempts to understand the visual attention pattern of people when observing a captured CCTV footage. It intends to prove whether the eye gaze of the observer which determines their behaviour is dependent on the given instructions or the knowledge they learn from the surveillance task. The research attempts to understand whether the attention of the observer on human objects is differently identified and tracked considering the different areas of the body of the tracked object. It attempts to know whether pattern analysis and machine learning can effectively replace the current conceptual and statistical approaches to the analysis of eye-tracking data captured within a CCTV surveillance task. A pilot study was employed that took around 30 minutes for each participant. It involved observing 13 different pre-recorded CCTV clips of public space. The participants are provided with a clear written description of the targets they should find in each video. The study included a total of 24 participants with varying levels of experience in analyzing CCTV video. A Tobii eye tracking system was employed to record the eye movements of the participants. The data captured by the eye tracking sensor is analyzed using statistical data analysis approaches like SPSS and machine learning algorithms using WEKA. The research concluded the existence of differences in behavioural patterns which could be used to classify participants of study is appropriate machine learning algorithms are employed. The research conducted on video analytics was perceived to be limited to few iii projects where the human object being observed was viewed as one object, and hence the detailed analysis of human observer attention pattern based on human body part articulation has not been investigated. All previous attempts in human observer visual attention pattern analysis on CCTV video analytics and forensics either used conceptual or statistical approaches. These methods were limited with regards to making predictions and the detection of hidden patterns. A novel approach to articulating human objects to be identified and tracked in a visual surveillance task led to constrained results, which demanded the use of advanced machine learning algorithms for classification of participants The research conducted within the context of this thesis resulted in several practical data collection and analysis challenges during formal CCTV operator based surveillance tasks. These made it difficult to obtain the appropriate cooperation from the expert operators of CCTV for data collection. Therefore, if expert operators were employed in the study rather than novice operator, a more discriminative and accurate classification would have been achieved. Machine learning approaches like ensemble learning and tree based algorithms can be applied in cases where a more detailed analysis of the human behaviour is needed. Traditional machine learning approaches are challenged by recent advances in the field of convolutional neural networks and deep learning. Therefore, future research can replace the traditional machine learning approaches employed in this study, with convolutional neural networks. The current research was limited to 13 different videos with different descriptions given to the participants for identifying and tracking different individuals. The research can be expanded to include any complicated demands with regards to changes in the analysis process.
33
Derby, Patrick M. "Interrogating the 'selective gaze' of Canadian CCTV operators: Perspectives from behind the camera's lens." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27513.
Full textAbstract:
A new field of research commonly referred to as 'surveillance studies' has emerged over the past decade. Despite work being done in this area long before September 11, 2001, the acts of terrorism which occurred on that day, and the subsequent response by several states have spawned an explosion of interest in this area. This study looks beyond post-9/11 surveillance practices and technological obsessions, delving into the 'black box' to explore how CCTV surveillance is conducted within the institutions of everyday life. Drawing on ten interviews and covering eight sites that employ CCTV surveillance this research explores how camera operators organize and perceive their work. Of specific interest is developing an understanding of how CCTV operators determine whom and/or what requires their attention.
The researcher interrogates the 'selective gaze' of CCTV operators to reveal that their gaze is frequently directed by information they receive from other sources. This study also corroborates Norris and Armstrong's (1999) suggestion that an individual operator's own values and beliefs play an important factor with regard to their selectivity. In addition to exploring the gaze of CCTV operators as it relates to suspicion, this work also provides an understanding of how surveillance information flows within and through the surveillance sites.
34
Tawiah, Thomas Andzi-Quainoo. "Video content analysis for automated detection and tracking of humans in CCTV surveillance applications." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7344.
Full textAbstract:
The problems of achieving high detection rate with low false alarm rate for human detection and tracking in video sequence, performance scalability, and improving response time are addressed in this thesis. The underlying causes are the effect of scene complexity, human-to-human interactions, scale changes, and scene background-human interactions. A two-stage processing solution, namely, human detection, and human tracking with two novel pattern classifiers is presented. Scale independent human detection is achieved by processing in the wavelet domain using square wavelet features. These features used to characterise human silhouettes at different scales are similar to rectangular features used in [Viola 2001]. At the detection stage two detectors are combined to improve detection rate. The first detector is based on shape-outline of humans extracted from the scene using a reduced complexity outline extraction algorithm. A Shape mismatch measure is used to differentiate between the human and the background class. The second detector uses rectangular features as primitives for silhouette description in the wavelet domain. The marginal distribution of features collocated at a particular position on a candidate human (a patch of the image) is used to describe statistically the silhouette. Two similarity measures are computed between a candidate human and the model histograms of human and non human classes. The similarity measure is used to discriminate between the human and the non human class. At the tracking stage, a tracker based on joint probabilistic data association filter (JPDAF) for data association, and motion correspondence is presented. Track clustering is used to reduce hypothesis enumeration complexity. Towards improving response time with increase in frame dimension, scene complexity, and number of channels; a scalable algorithmic architecture and operating accuracy prediction technique is presented. A scheduling strategy for improving the response time and throughput by parallel processing is also presented.
35
Yin, Fei. "Robust wide-area multi-camera tracking of people and vehicles to improve CCTV usage." Thesis, Kingston University, 2011. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20315/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis describes work towards a more advanced multiple camera tracking system. This work was sponsored by BARCO who had developed a motion tracker (referred to as the BARCO tracker) and wanted to assess its performance, improve the tracker and explore applications especially for multi-camera systems. The overall requirement then gave rise to specific work in this project: Two trackers (the BARCO tracker and OpenCV 1.0 blobtracker) are tested using a set of datasets with a range of challenges, and their performances are quantitatively evaluated and compared. Then, the BARCO tracker has been further improved by adding three new modules: ghost elimination, shadow removal and improved Kalman filter. Afterwards, the improved tracker is used as part of a multi-camera tracking system. Also, automatic camera calibration methods are proposed to effectively calibrate a network of cameras with minimum manual support (draw lines features in the scene image) and a novel scene modelling method is proposed to overcome the limitations of previous methods. The main contributions of this work to knowledge are listed as follows: A rich set of track based metrics is proposed which allows the user to quantitatively identify specific strengths and weaknesses of an object tracking system, such as the performance of specific modules of the system or failures under specific conditions. Those metrics also allow the user to measure the improvements that have been applied to a tracking system and to compare performance of different tracking methods. For single camera tracking, new modules have been added to the BARCO tracker to improve the tracking performance and prevent specific tracking failures. A novel method is proposed by the author to identify and remove ghost objects. Another two methods are adopted from others to reduce the effect of shadow and improve the accuracy of tracking. For multiple camera tracking, a quick and efficient method is proposed for automatically calibrating multiple cameras into a single view map based on homography mapping. Then, vertical axis based approach is used to fuse detections from single camera views and Kalman filter is employed to track objects on the ground plane. Last but not least, a novel method is proposed to automatically learn a 3D non-coplanar scene model (e.g. multiple levels, stairs, and overpass) by exploiting the variation of pedestrian heights within the scene. Such method will extend the applicability of the existing multi-camera tracking algorithm to a larger variety of environments: both indoors and outdoors where objects (pedestrians and/or vehicles) are not constrained to move on a single flat ground plane.
36
Wang, Xuan. "Corporate Social Responsibility in Chinese Media Industry : A Case Study of CCTV and Tencent." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-41335.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is a case study about Corporate Social Responsibility in Chinese media industry. The implementation of CSR in state-owned media companies and private media companies are different. The role that the government play in Chinese media companies implementing CSR were barely studied before. Since this thesis is a case study, two media companies were chosen for this study. One is CCTV, a state-owned media company, another is Tencent, a private media company. Document analysis was chosen as the main method for the analysis. Stakeholder theory, corporate political connection, and meta-governance are the main theories used in this study. In this thesis, the analysis of implementing CSR is divided into two dimensions, internally and externally implementing CSR. The internal dimension is further analyzed in three aspects, employees and health at work, shareholders, and public welfare and charitable activities. The external dimension is further analyzed in four aspects, customers, business partners, local community, and government. The role of the government in companies implementing CSR is subsequently analyzed. The results show that in implementing CSR, state-owned media companies significantly different from private companies. State-owned media companies follow more on government’s guidance, private media companies have more freedom but they still need to build a good relationship with the government. The role of the government in both companies is different. The role of the government in state-owned media companies is like a leader, and in private media companies is like an important stakeholder.
37
Carlberg, Carl Johan. "The Discourse of CCTV in Stockholm’s Subway System : Analysis of Svenska Dagbladet 1995–2015." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448256.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis explores how the theory of Securitization, defined by Buzan, Wæver and de Wildes, can be applied to the discourse related to CCTVs in the subway of Stockholm. It analyses 20 articles from the major Swedish newspaper Svenska Dagbladet from 1995 to 2015. Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis is used as main methodology, scrutinizing the texts from a discourse practical perspective, text perspective, and sociopolitical perspective. The main finding from the thesis is that the theory of Securitization needs to be enhanced with a “Politically Non-controversial” dimension and a “Politically Controversial” dimension, extending the previous “Political” Securitization dimension. With that updated Securitization definition, the discourse of the articles in the thesis follows the model of Securitization. Thus, the CCTV discourse regarding the subway of Stockholm has from 1995 to 2015 transformed from politically non-controversial, to politically controversial and finally securitized.
38
Jurkevičiūtė, Gabija. "Teisė į privatumą ir vaizdo stebėjimo priemonių panaudojimas Europos Žmogaus Teisių Konvencijos, Europos Sąjungos ir Lietuvos Respublikos teisės požiūriu." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20110709_152131-80931.
Full textAbstract:
Naujųjų technologijų pažanga, radikaliai keičia ir požiūrį į tam tikras nuo seno visuomenėje susiformavusias vertybes. Šiomis dienomis visuomenė jaučiasi vis labiau stebima. Siekiant viešųjų interesų (visuomenės saugumo, nusikalstamumo mažinimo ir pan.) privačiose ir viešosiose erdvėse yra įrengiamos vaizdo stebėjimo kameros, kurių užfiksuoti duomenys yra nuolat transliuojami bei kaupiami. Čia yra susiduriama su asmens privatumo užtikrinimo problema. Magistriniame darbe yra kalbama apie teisės į privatumą užtikrinimą vaizdo stebėjimo priemonių panaudojimo kontekste. Teisė į privatumą yra ganėtinai jauna pasaulio teisinėje sistemoje, teisiškai įtvirtinta 1950 m. Europos žmogaus teisių ir pagrindinių laisvių apsaugos konvencijos (Konvencija) 8 straipsnyje. Asmens duomenų teisinė apsauga – teisės į privatumą elementas. Vaizdo stebėjimo priemonių panaudojimo atveju yra neišvengiamai susiduriama ir su asmens duomenų (vaizdo duomenų) teisinės apsaugos problemomis. Tad darbe analizuojamas ne tik Konvencijos aštuntasis straipsnis, nubrėžiantis pagrindines gaires privatumo apsaugai vaizdo stebėjimo priemonių panaudojimo atveju, yra aptariami ir asmens duomenų teisinę apsaugą reglamentuojantys Europos Sąjungos bei Lietuvos Respublikos teisiniai dokumentai (Direktyva 95/46/EB, Lietuvos Respublikos asmens duomenų teisinės apsaugos įstatymas). Darbas suskirstytas į tris struktūrines dalis. Pirmoje jų yra aptariam privatumo samprata, antrojoje aptariama vaizdo stebėjimo priemonių samprata... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The advancement of new technologies is radically changing the world. Nowadays society is a transparent society. In recent years, the use of video surveillance cameras (also called Closed Circuit Television, or CCTV) throughout the world has grown to unprecedented levels. And there we find out many problems, concerning protection of an individuals private life. The work discusses the issue of right to private life protection in a context of video surveillance. The right to private life is quite young in world’s legitimate system and especially in Lithuanian law system. Personal data protection as a part of privacy right is an aspect of human rights. This proposition is universally accepted. As long ago as 1948, privacy was given recognition in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In 1950, privacy was implemented in European Convention of Human Rights. This work is divided into three parts. One of them is talking about a conception of a privacy, separates data protection conception from right to private law, the second one is talking about video surveillance systems in general, their technical capacity, the last one is talking about European Convention of Human Rights and its article 8 as the main principle which is a sound base for European Union and Lithuanian regulation of video surveillance, analysis Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Directive 95/46/EC of the European Union, Constitution of Lithuania, Lithuanian Data Protection Law in the context of... [to full text]
39
Taylor, Mark. "Spatial authority in transition : new patterns in policing the contemporary city." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327474.
Full text
40
Mawla, Ayad Abdul. "Real Time Intruder Detection Systems (RAIDS)." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261669.
Full text
41
Mawla, Aya Abdul. "Real time automatic intruder detection system (RAIDS)." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319332.
Full text
42
HURLEY, DAVID C. "CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION: THE CINCNNATI EXPERIENCE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1043678850.
Full text
43
GAO, YUAN. "Constructing National Identity through Media Ritual : A Case Study of the CCTV Spring Festival Gala." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-188765.
Full textAbstract:
National identity is an important social bond for the existence and development of nation-states. National identity is not an innate or unchangeable awareness; instead, it is continuously produced by historical and realistic contexts. Nowadays, given their far-reaching penetration and influence, the mass media have become the principal platform for building national identity. The Spring Festival Gala (SFG) is a grand TV celebratory gala which is produced by China Central Television (CCTV) and has been aired on every lunar New Year’s eve since 1983. Ever since then, for Spring Festival celebrations, watching the live broadcast with the whole family has increasingly become as indispensible as posting spring couplets, setting off firecrackers, and eating dumplings. In other words, watching the CCTV SFG on lunar New Year’s Eve has gradually developed into an emerging folk custom and tradition in China since the early 1980s.This thesis investigates the national identity issue from the perspective of media ritual. It is argued that the SFG is in itself an elaborately-orchestrated media ritual, which plays an irreplaceable role in constructing national identity. In terms of its operation mechanism, the thesis argues that the SFG contributes to constructing national identity mainly through two strategies; one is a structural strategy, namely, ritualizing the SFG; the other is a textural strategy, mythologizing the SFG.
44
Zoufal, Donald R. ""Someone to watch over me?" Privacy and governance strategies for CCTV and emerging surveillance technologies." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/08Mar%5FZoufal.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. or M.A in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Bellavita, Christopher. "March 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on May 7, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 185-199). Also available in print.
45
Taylor, Emmeline. "I spy with my little eye : Exploring the use of surveillance and CCTV in schools." Thesis, University of Salford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517425.
Full text
46
秦彰婧 and Cheung-ching Lina Chun. "Tourism and movies: a study of theme park in CCTV Nanhai TV and movie town." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41548280.
Full text
47
Alhadar, Ibrahim. "'Moral discipline', state power and surveillance : the rise and operation of CCTV surveillance in Riyadh." Thesis, University of Hull, 2010. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8978.
Full textAbstract:
The employment of CCTV in contemporary control policy has produced various perspectives and debates in an attempt to understand this phenomenon. In non-western countries, however, there has to date been no academic writing on the topic of CCTV. This thesis aims to make a contribution to these debates by exploring this trend in Saudi Arabia (S.A.) by asking how the rise and use of CCTV cameras fits in with the existing theoretical literature. Moreover, this research seeks to identify and define the structure and operational practices within CCTV sites. With the introduction of CCTV in the process of social control, the research explores its mechanisms by outlining how operators and surveillance technology are organized to meet the requirements and the criteria of those parties who implement surveillance, and thereby to contribute to a better understanding of the employment of CCTV cameras in the Saudi context. It is argued that the employment of CCTV and its rise are attributable mainly to the aspiration of central political control, which has been shaped and formed by cultural values that are dominant in the Saudi society. Triangulation of research methods was adopted by using three instruments: documentary sources, observation and semi-structured interview. The findings show the dominance of the central structure of gaze in the current surveillance practices. Although the contemporary surveillance is carried out by various actors, the decentralized surveillance structure is reassembled by state authority for the purpose of strengthening the political control of the state. Moreover, due to the social and cultural characteristics of the Saudi society, the operation of CCTV and the process of targeting are shaped by moral principles and cultural values. Significantly, the present study emphasizes the persistence of 'moral surveillance' in both the operators‟ attitudes towards targeting and the operational process of CCTV cameras in public settings.
48
Marsh, Vivien. "A Trojan dragon? : CCTV news in English and the battle for global influence, 2014-16." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2018. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/q5y19/a-trojan-dragon-cctv-news-in-english-and-the-battle-for-global-influence-2014-16.
Full textAbstract:
China’s official media are nearly a decade into a global expansion programme to challenge the dominance of Anglo-American news organisations and their framing of world events. This research tackles the questions of whether Chinese media abroad deserve to be dismissed as channels for Communist Party propaganda, whether their output has journalistic merit, and whether Chinese journalism has a different character from that of the Anglosphere. The focus is on CCTV-News in English, whose ‘hard news’ output is compared with that of BBC World News TV between 2014 and 2016: previous studies of the channel have concentrated on single regions or events, political strategy or current affairs. Comparative quantitative content analysis of five constructed weeks of news is followed by frame analysis of selected events with a framework adapted to accommodate Chinese political and cultural proclivities. Subconscious editorial judgements are made manifest through a pioneering experimental technique, ‘cross-editing’, in which journalists from Britain and China swap broadcast news scripts and re-edit them as if for output on their own channel. Topics of strategic importance to Beijing are the focus of the research: news about China, and coverage of Africa including China in Africa. The empirical analysis confirms that these politically sensitive areas are handled by CCTV-News mainly in ways that are alien to editorial principles in the Anglosphere, either through lack of journalistic rigour (partial reporting and ‘positive news’) or through differences in framing such as solution-focused reporting and aversion to conflict. The analysis demonstrates the uneven editorial imperatives across CCTV-News and the improvised nature of journalistic professionalism, including how far Chinese reporters dare push the boundaries of information control. In the BBC World News output, the comparative methods reveal weaknesses in the Corporation’s professed tenets of balance and impartiality, and highlight the difficulties of telling nuanced, non-pictorial stories from distant countries while shackled by Anglo-American television ‘grammar’. The research confirms the considerable impediments to credibility occasioned by political control over CCTV’s English news output: however, it also indicates that the journalism of the Anglosphere, in the form of BBC World News, is not the universal standard many believed it to be.
49
Chun, Cheung-ching Lina. "Tourism and movies a study of theme park in CCTV Nanhai TV and movie town /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41548280.
Full text
50
Fairchild, Allen James. "A real-life system for identifying and monitoring objects for user-specified scenarios in live CCTV." Thesis, University of Salford, 2011. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26670/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents the research and subsequent development of a real life system capable of identifying and monitoring objects for user-specified scenarios in live CCTV video. More specifically, after a review of the state of the art in both academic methods and commercial systems, two main novel aspects of the proposed system are detailed. The first deals with the detection of vehicles in static images using a combination of features including: corners, lines and colour. The second aspect relates to how motion has been exploited to detect and track objects within video feeds. The research took place as part of a Knowledge Transfer Partnership, the partner company of which had access to many video feeds across a range of different geographical locations. This provided the opportunity elicit requirements from the actual end-users and to extensively test and evaluate the system on real data. Results from both video and static analysis systems are demonstrated and evaluated before the Thesis concludes with specific enhancements that could be made to the current system and general recommendations for future work.