Academic literature on the topic 'Cavalier King Charle'

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Journal articles on the topic "Cavalier King Charle"

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Rusbridge, C., JE MacSweeny, JV Davies, K. Chandler, SN Fitzmaurice, R. Dennis, R. Cappello, and SJ Wheeler. "Syringohydromyelia in Cavalier King Charles spaniels." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-36-1-34.

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Syringohydromyelia secondary to foramen magnum overcrowding is described in seven Cavalier King Charles spaniels. Clinical signs were consistent with a central spinal cord lesion. The most common signs were persistent scratching at the shoulder region with apparent neck, thoracic limb, or ear pain and thoracic limb lower motor neuron deficits. The diagnosis was made by magnetic resonance imaging. The syringohydromyelia is postulated to be a consequence of an occipital bone malformation resulting in a small caudal fossa and cerebellar herniation. Clinical signs improved but did not completely resolve when the dogs received treatment with corticosteroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Green, Matthew, Mark Lowrie, and Clare Rusbridge. "Myoclonus in Cavalier King Charles spaniels." Veterinary Record 191, no. 6 (September 2022): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vetr.2259.

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Brown, S., K. Simpson, S. Baker, M. Spagnoletti, and C. Elwood. "Macrothrombocytosis in cavalier King Charles spaniels." Veterinary Record 135, no. 12 (September 17, 1994): 281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.135.12.281.

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Chandler, K., H. Volk, C. Rusbridge, and N. Jeffery. "Syringomyelia in cavalier King Charles spaniels." Veterinary Record 162, no. 10 (March 8, 2008): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.162.10.324-a.

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SEDDIGH NIA, Ashkan, Hande SOYLU, Suzan MURAT, Onur İSKEFLİ, Lora KOENHEMSI, Mehmet Erman OR, and Remzi GÖNÜL. "Electrocardiographic Changes in Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Dogs with Mitral Valve Disease: Clinical Research." Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Veterinary Sciences 13, no. 1 (2022): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/vetsci.2022-90789.

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Baltutis, Kristina, Katherine Settle, Theresa Beachler, Sara Lyle, and Scott Bailey. "Duration of pregnancy is shorter in Cavalier King Charles spaniels." Clinical Theriogenology 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.58292/ct.v12.9445.

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Duration of pregnancy was evaluated in 17 Cavalier King Charles spaniel bitches, based on timing of LH surge (progesterone concentrations between 2.0 and 3.0 ng/ml, with continued rise in subsequent 48 hours) and compared to 17 bitches of other breeds. Duration of pregnancy was shorter (p < 0.05) in Cavalier King Charles spaniel bitches compared to others (mean ± SD, 62.8 ± 2.0 days [range; 60 - 66 days] versus 64.5 ± 1.4 days [range; 62 - 68 days]). This observation has clinical implications for pregnancy management of this breed, including recommendations for scheduling a timed caesarean section and approaches to managing late-term complications.
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Smedile, LE, DM Houston, SM Taylor, K. Post, and GP Searcy. "Idiopathic, asymptomatic thrombocytopenia in Cavalier King Charles spaniels: 11 cases (1983-1993)." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 33, no. 5 (September 1, 1997): 411–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-33-5-411.

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The medical records of 11 Cavalier King Charles spaniels with idiopathic, asymptomatic thrombocytopenia and large-to-giant platelets were identified from a 10-year retrospective search using the Veterinary Medical Data Base at Purdue University. Eight of the dogs had been treated with various immunosuppressive drugs. Six of the treated dogs remained thrombocytopenic, one was not reevaluated, and one developed a normal platelet count. The underlying etiology of idiopathic, asymptomatic thrombocytopenia in Cavalier King Charles spaniels has not been identified, but this condition could represent a congenital macrothrombocytopenic disorder.
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SINGH, MK, and WA LAMB. "Idiopathic thrombocytopenia in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels." Australian Veterinary Journal 83, no. 11 (November 2005): 700–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2005.tb13055.x.

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Darke, P. "Valvular incompetence in cavalier King Charles spaniels." Veterinary Record 120, no. 15 (April 11, 1987): 365–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.120.15.365.

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Eksell, P., J. Häggström, C. Kvart, and Å. Karlsson. "Thrombocytopenia in the cavalier King Charles spaniel." Journal of Small Animal Practice 35, no. 3 (March 1994): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.1994.tb03921.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cavalier King Charle"

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BAGARDI, MARA. "MYXOMATOUS MITRAL VALVE DISEASE IN CAVALIER KING CHARLES SPANIEL: CLINICAL, GENETIC, AND CARDIAC BIOMARKERS STUDY." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/916544.

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One hundred and sixty-five CKCS subjects, both healthy and affected by different stages of MMVD, were examined from November 2018 to June 2021 at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Lodi – University of Milan – Cardiology Section. Each dog was submitted to a clinical examination and echocardiographic, radiographic, and morphometric data were collected. Whole blood and plasma were collected for genetic analysis and biomarker (miRNA) evaluation. The objectives of this study were: 1) To describe breed-specific reference values for vertebral heart score (VHS), vertebral heart atrial size (VLAS), M-VLAS, and radiographic left atrial enlargement (RLAD) in healthy adults CKCS; 2) To conduct a genomic study on a population of Italian CKCS; 3) To characterize echocardiographic features of the mitral valve in this breed, focusing on dogs classified as American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) B1, without clinical signs and without left atrial and ventricular enlargement; 4) To analyze the relationships and the prognostic value of morphometric variables in CKCS affected by MMVD; 5) To analyze the expression of miRNAs described in the literature as being involved in the pathophysiology of MMVD, and identified in dogs’ plasma. Results: 1) Healthy CKCS had a median VHS of 10.08 ± 0.56v, a VLAS, M-VLAS and RLAD respectively of 1.79 ± 0.3v, 2.23 ± 0.44v and 1.2 ± 0.34v; 2). The top 1% single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of both Wright’s fixation index (FST) and cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH) analyses localized 10 consensus genes on chromosomes 3-11-14-19; 3) Within class B1, older subjects showed significantly higher values of anterior mitral valve area (AMVA), width (AMVW), mitral valve annulus in diastole (MVAd) and systole (MVAs) and lower sphericity index (SI); 4) A more severe mitral regurgitant jet size and a thicker anterior mitral valve leaflet were observed in CKCS smaller than standard proposed by the Ente Nazionale della Cinofilia Italiana (ENCI) and with morphometric characteristics tending to brachycephalism; 5) miR-30b-5 was significantly higher in ACVIM B1 compared to healthy subjects (ACVIM class A) and the AUC was 0.79. According to the age of dogs, the expression of miR-30b-5p remained significantly higher in group B1<3y (2.3 folds p=0.03), B1 3-7y (2.2 folds p=0.03), and B1>7y (2.7 folds p=0.02) than in stage A. The AUCs were fair in discriminating group B1<3y and A (AUC 0.78), and B1 3-7y and A (AUC 0.78), and good in discriminating group B1>7y and A (AUC 0.82). Conclusions: 1) Findings supported previous studies recommending the use of breed-specific reference values for VHS, VLAS, M-VLAS and RLAD and provided background data for future radiographic evaluations of CKCS dogs with clinical signs of cardiac disease; 2) This genetic analysis expands the knowledge of the genetic basis of MMVD by identifying genes involved in the early onset of MMVD in CKCS; 3) This is the first study that describes measurements of the anterior mitral valve leaflet and the mitral valve annulus in the CKCS affected by MMVD at different stages. Differently aged B1 dogs have different clinical and echocardiographic patterns. Further investigations with a larger study population and an appropriate follow-up would highlight prognostic factors related to disease worsening within this heterogeneous ACVIM class; 4) The morphological study of CKCS showed that a more severe regurgitant jet size was observed in subjects with a shorter head and nose. Subjects with a smaller head stop angle had thicker anterior mitral valve leaflets. Dogs with cephalic morphology more similar to the King Charles spaniel breed, that is with a brachycephalic morphotype, showed a more severe regurgitant jet size and valvular characteristics related to worse forms of MMVD (thicker anterior mitral valve leaflet, greater mitral valve annulus and lower sphericity index); 5) miR-30b-5p increases in the plasma of asymptomatic CKCS and this can be considered a potentially promising biomarker even at an asymptomatic stage of disease, particularly at a young age.
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Tong, Linda. "Platelet indices and their association with chronic valvular heart disease in Cavalier King Charles spaniels." Thesis, Tong, Linda (2017) Platelet indices and their association with chronic valvular heart disease in Cavalier King Charles spaniels. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2017. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/40806/.

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Chronic valvular heart disease (CVHD) is common in Cavalier King Charles spaniel (CKCS) and has the potential to affect platelet activation or function. The present study objective was to determine platelet closure time, mean platelet component (MPC) concentration and platelet component distribution width (PCDW) in dogs with subclinical CVHD, and to assess the factors influencing these variables. A second objective was to assess platelet count, MPC concentration, PCDW, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet volume distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet mass (MPM) and platelet mass distribution width (PMDW) in CKCS. Haematological values, closure time, murmur grade and echocardiographic variables were recorded in 89 CKCS. Associations between explanatory variables (sex, age, murmur grade, echocardiographic variables, platelet count, and haematocrit (HCT)) and outcomes (closure time, MPC concentration, and PCDW) were examined using multivariate regression analysis. Platelet indices were compared between CKCS and a group of 39 control dogs (non-CKCS). A model with 5 variables best explained variation in closure time (R2, 0.74), with greater than 60% of the variance of closure time explained by mitral valve regurgitant jet size. The model of best fit to explain variation in MPC concentration included only platelet count (R2, 0.24). The model of best fit to explain variation in PCDW included platelet count and sex (R2, 0.25). The MPC concentration, MPV, PDW, MPM and PMDW values were significantly higher, and the platelet count, PCT, PCDW and HCT values significantly lower, in the CKCS compared to control dogs. In the present study, a significant effect of mitral valve regurgitant jet size on closure time was consistent with platelet dysfunction. However, platelet activation, as determined by MPC concentration and PCDW, was not a feature of subclinical CVHD in CKCS.
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Squarzoni, Renata. "Biometria ocular e sua relação com sexo, idade, tamanho e peso em cães da raça Cavalier King Charles Spaniel." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-18042013-103621/.

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O crescimento e as dimensões das estruturas oculares em cães de diversas raças têm sido objeto de estudo. Sabe-se que quanto mais longilíneo o crânio, maior o comprimento axial do bulbo ocular. O objetivo deste trabalho foi acompanhar o desenvolvimento das dimensões dos componentes oculares (comprimento axial, espessura da lente, profundidade da câmara anterior e da câmara vítrea) e relacionar as medidas com o sexo, a idade, tamanho, medidas do crânio e peso de cães da raça Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, uma raça braquicéfala. Foram realizadas 117 medidas biométricas oculares em cães variando entre 15 dias e 36 meses de idade, não sedados, sentados ou deitados em posição esternal, utilizando-se ultrassonografia modo-B com transdutor microconvexo de 8 MHz. No momento de cada medida ocular os cães foram pesados e as medidas de comprimento, altura, distâncias fronto-occipital, fronto-nasal, bizigomática e circunferência do crânio foram registradas. As estruturas oculares mostraram uma curva de rápido crescimento entre 15 dias e 4 meses de idade e uma curva suave de crescimento até os 12 meses, idade em que cessou o crescimento do cão (altura e comprimento). Os machos apresentaram medidas maiores de altura, comprimento e crânio do que fêmeas, porém não houve diferença significativa entre os parâmetros de biometria ocular de machos e fêmeas. O valor médio de comprimento axial do bulbo para cães adultos (acima de 12 meses) foi de 18,10 ± 0,48 mm, para a espessura da lente, de 7,15 ± 0,16 mm, para profundidade da câmara anterior, de 2,05 ± 0,37 mm e para a profundidade da câmara vítrea, de 8,91 ± 0,30 mm. Não houve diferença entre as medidas dos olhos direito e esquerdo. Os resultados sugerem que a curva de crescimento ocular acompanha a curva de crescimento do cão, fato semelhante ao que ocorre em diferentes espécies estudadas por outros autores. Em cães adultos, não foi observada relação entre as medidas dos componentes oculares e as medidas de altura, comprimento, peso e tamanho do crânio. Foi estabelecida uma tabela de crescimento correlacionando comprimento axial do bulbo e idade do cão com a finalidade de padronizar esses dados para a raça.
Ocular biometry and ocular growth has been studied in dogs of different breeds. It\'s already known that dogs with longer skulls have longer axial length of the eye. This study aimed to evaluate the development of ocular dimensions (axial length of the bulbus, lens thickness, anterior and vitreous chamber depth) in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, a braquicephalic breed, and its relationship to age, gender, weight, height and lenght of the dog and dimensions of the head. Ocular dimensions were obtained from 117 measurements between 15 days and 3 years old, in standing nonsedated animals using B-mode ultrasound with an 8 MHz curvilinear probe. At the same time the dogs were weighted and height, length and head dimensions (head circumference, fronto-occipital, fronto-nasal distance and bizigomatic distances) were recorded. The ocular parameters showed a rapid growth curve from 15 days to 4 months and then a slow curve until 12 months, same age that the height and length ceased its growth. Males showed significant higher measurements of height, length and head parameters than females, but no difference in ocular biometry was found between males and females. The mean value for axial lenght for adults (over 12 months) was 18,10 ± 0,48 mm, for lens thickness was 7,15 ± 0,16 mm, for anterior chamber depth was 2,05 ± 0,37 mm and for vitreous chamber depth was 8,91 ± 0,30 mm. There was no significant difference between left and right eyes. Results suggest that eye growth curves accompanies dogs height, length, head size growth curves, what is similar to the data found in different species studied by other authors. There was no relation between eye parameters and dog\'s height, length, head size or weight in adult individuals. A table was established correlating axial length of the bulbus and age to be used as a reference for the breed.
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Neto, Sara Patrícia Dias. "Clínica de animais de companhia." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/19805.

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O presente relatório é resultado do estágio curricular, 11º semestre do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária. Este decorreu em duas instituições de referência veterinária em Barcelona (Hospital ARS Veterinária e Hospital Veterinari Montjuïc) e permitiu melhorar e integrar os conhecimentos adquiridos ao longo do curso. O relatório é composto por três partes: introdução, que situa temporal e espacialmente, relatório de casuística, que abrange todas as atividades realizadas e assistidas, e monografia. A monografia consiste na descrição de uma afeção neurológica, muito comum em Cavalier king charles spaniel, designada de siringomielia. A monografia inicia-se com uma revisão bibliográfica e termina com o relato de quatro casos clínicos acompanhados no Hospital ARS Veterinário; ABSTRACT: Small animal practice This report is the result of the traineeship in the 11th semester of the Integrated Master degree in Veterinary Medicine. It took place in two veterinary reference institutions in Barcelona (hospital ARS veterinary and hospital Veterinari Montjuïc) and contributed to improve and integrate the knowledge acquired throughout the course. The report consists in three parts: Introduction, which locates temporally and spatially, the sample report covering all activities, and monograph. The monography is the description of a neurological disorder, very common in Cavalier king charles spaniel, designated syringomyelia. The monography begins with a literature review and ends with the description of four clinical cases followed in ARS veterinary hospital.
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Deutschland, Martin. "MRT-gestützte morphometrische und anatomisch-histologische Untersuchungen der Chiari-Missbildung bei der brachiozephalen Hunderasse "Cavalier King Charles Spaniel"." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2006/399/index.html.

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Biel, Miriam. "Volumenberechnung der Schädelhöhe mit Hilfe der Computertomographie bei verschiedenen Hunderassen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Cavalier King Charles Spaniels." Giessen VVB Laufersweiler, 2009. http://d-nb.info/99599658X/04.

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Biel, Miriam. "Volumenberechnung der Schädelhöhle mit Hilfe der Computertomographie bei verschiedenen Hunderassen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Cavalier King Charles Spaniels." Giessen VVB Laufersweiler, 2009. http://d-nb.info/99710287X/34.

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Refai, Miriam [Verfasser]. "Prävalenz der Chiari-ähnlichen Malformation und der Syringomyelie bei Cavalier King Charles Spanieln in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland / Miriam Refai." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136863737/34.

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Grübmeyer, Annabell Johanna [Verfasser]. "Assoziation zephalometrischer Parameter mit dem Auftreten der Syringomyelie beim Cavalier King Charles Spaniel mit Chiari-ähnlicher Malformation / Annabell Johanna Grübmeyer." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1068535083/34.

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Biel, Miriam [Verfasser]. "Volumenberechnung der Schädelhöhle mit Hilfe der Computertomographie bei verschiedenen Hunderassen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Cavalier King Charles Spaniels / eingereicht von Miriam Biel." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2009. http://d-nb.info/99710287X/34.

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Books on the topic "Cavalier King Charle"

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Moffat, Norma. Cavalier King Charles spaniel. 2nd ed. Hoboken, N.J: Howell Book House, 2006.

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Moffat, Norma. Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2006.

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Cavalier King Charles spaniel. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H., 2011.

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Ewing, Susan M. Cavalier King Charles spaniels. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H. Publications, Inc., 2007.

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Ewing, Susan M. Cavalier King Charles spaniels. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H. Publications, Inc., 2007.

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Lang, Laura. Cavalier King Charles spaniel. Neptune City, NJ: TFH Pub., 2011.

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Cavalier King Charles spaniel. Mankato, Minnesota: A+, Smart Apple Media, 2015.

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Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. England: T.F.H. Publications, 1996.

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Cavalier King Charles spaniel. Freehold, N.J: Kennel Club Books, 2011.

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Cavalier King Charles spaniels. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H. Publications, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cavalier King Charle"

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"Cavalier King Charles Spaniel." In Veterinary Medical Guide to Dog and Cat Breeds, 134–38. Teton NewMedia, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b16185-49.

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Rusbridge, Clare. "Myoclonus in older Cavalier King Charles spaniels." In BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2017, 478–79. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22233/9781910443439.60.9.

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Hinchliffe, Tom, Nai-Chieh Liu, and Jane Ladlow. "Sleep disordered breathing in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel: a case series." In BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2018, 479–80. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22233/9781910443590.75.4.

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Brown, Katie, Rowena Packer, Holger Volk, and Clare Rusbridge. "Prevalence of neurological disorders in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels in neurology referral populations." In BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2019, 538–39. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22233/9781910443699.85.22.

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Dumas, Eleonore, Susan Penny Knowler, Felicity Stringer, and Clare Rusbridge. "Rostral skull changes in Cavalier King Charles spaniels with Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia." In BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2019, 539. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22233/9781910443699.85.23.

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Rusbridge, Clare. "Behavioural and clinical signs of Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels." In BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2018, 430–31. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22233/9781910443590.65.2.

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Cressy, David. "Refuge and Resistance in Times of Troubles." In England's Islands in a Sea of Troubles, 145–79. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198856603.003.0009.

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This chapter examines the military history and political allegiance of England’s islands in the age of civil wars and revolution. When English loyalties fractured in the 1640s, the islands too became divided between king and parliament. Some changed hands several times in this often-overlooked theatre of operations. The Isle of Wight and Guernsey (except its castle) were swiftly secured for parliament, but Jersey, the Isles of Scilly, Anglesey, and the Isle of Man became royalist strongholds, until they eventually fell. Defeated cavaliers found refuge in the islands, before retreating to the Continent. The presence of Prince Charles on Scilly and then on Jersey in 1646, and his return to Jersey after the regicide as king-in-exile, made those islands places of national, dynastic, and diplomatic significance.
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Gilbert, Emma, Sandra Sanchis Mora, Ludovic Pelligand, Lydia Poad, Holger Volk, and Clare Rusbridge. "Frequency of Phantom Scratching in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels Assessed by Owner Questionnaire Before and During Maropitant Treatment." In BSAVA Congress 2021: Clinical abstract presentations. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22233/9781913859039.26.

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Warman, William, Edward Ives, and Clare Rusbridge. "“Under the weather?” Comparing barometric pressure with clinical signs of Chiari malformation and syringomyelia in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels." In BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2015, 444. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.22233/9781910443521.58.2.

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Nalborczyk, Zoë, Javier Salguero, Fernando Constantino-Casas, Penny Watson, and Clare Rusbridge. "2D quantification and characterisation of the spinal cord dorsal horn neuronal population in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with syringomyelia." In BSAVA Congress Proceedings 2018, 430. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22233/9781910443590.65.1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cavalier King Charle"

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Sparks, C., A. Gorney, K. Williams, B. Lascelles, and N. Olby. "Investigation of Sensory Thresholds in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with and without Chiari-like Malformations and Syringomyelia." In Pain in Animals Workshop 2017: Abstracts. Schattauer GmbH, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1660891.

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Pinto, Raquel Da Mata Mazzonetto. "BIOMETRIA OCULAR EM CÃES." In I Congresso Brasileiro Online de Práticas Veterinárias: Uma abordagem para animais de grande porte e produção Animal. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/granvet-01.

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Introdução: A biometria ocular é a medida do comprimento axial do bulbo ocular e de suas estruturas. Por meio dela, é possível definir o tamanho de próteses e calcular o tamanho de lentes intraoculares.Objetivo:Analisar quais fatores influenciam na biometria ocular em cães. Metodologia: Revisão bibliográfica. As referências foram selecionadas seguindo o critério de conterem a análise do tamanho ocular e um dos fatores que poderiam, de alguma forma, influenciar nas medidas oculares, como: tamanho do animal e tipo de conformação craniana. Para isso, foram selecionados artigos de 2000, 2001, 2004, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2017, 2018, 2020 e 2021 de revistas, dissertações e livros.Resultados:Encontrou-se os seguintes achados, o crescimento dos olhos aumenta de acordo com o crescimento e porte do animal. Em SRDs todas as medidas apresentaram diferenças. Em shih tzus (braquicefálicos), os parâmetros de referência não divergiram dos valores encontrados em outros cães. Braquicefálicos podem apresentar lentes mais espessas do que cães mesocefálicos do mesmo peso; Em machos e fêmeas, apenas a câmara anterior apresentou-se maior em fêmeas adultas da raça Cavalier King Charles Spaniel do que em machos da mesma idade. Por outro lado, no buldogue francês as medidas de machos e fêmeas não apresentaram diferença alguma. Em pugs, as diferenças foram encontradas na espessura da lente vertical, mas não em espessura da lente horizontal, câmara vitrea horizontal, câmara vítrea vertical, diâmetro do nervo óptico horizontal e diâmetro do nervo óptico vertical; Quando relacionamos biometria e catarata, os comprimentos dos globos axiais diferiram apenas em cães mais jovens, com catarata congênita, em que o globo era menor. A espessura da lente axial em diabéticos foi maior do que a espessura em outros olhos (normais, com catarata imatura e com catarata madura). Embora tenham variado em espessura, não foram diferentes uns dos outros de forma significativa. A profundidade da câmara anterior foi menor em olhos com catarata diabética, em relação aos outros olhos. Contudo, embora variem em profundidade da câmara, não foram estatisticamente diferentes entre si também. Conclusão: As características que mais parecem interferir nas medidas de biometria ocular são a idade e porte dos cães.
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