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Academic literature on the topic 'CAVAL'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "CAVAL"

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Belgrano, E., C. Trombetta, G. Liguori, S. Siracusano, L. Buttazzi, and B. Zincone. "Ricostruzione cavale con patch di vena ovarica in un caso di adenocarcinoma renale con trombosi cavale intraepatica." Urologia Journal 64, no. 1_suppl (January 1997): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039706401s05.

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We report a case of caval reconstruction with ovarian vein patch in a patient suffering from renal adenocarcinoma with intrahepatic caval thrombosis. The size of the patch was 5×1.5 cm, allowing a cavai gauge of 2 cm to be obtained. The use of autologous material for caval reconstruction is a common technique with fewer complications than with heterologous material.
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Shah, Bhupesh D., Deena Shah, Sakuntala Calla, Mehul Shah, and Varsha Shah. "Control of Persistent Inferior Vena Caval Bleeding." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 8, no. 2 (June 2000): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/021849230000800223.

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A technique to control inferior vena caval bleeding by clockwise rotation of the inferior vena cava after skeletization, is described. This gave excellent hemostatic control and the inferior vena cava was stitched in this position. On follow-up, there was no evidence of compromised inferior vena caval drainage.
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Dandolu, Reddy, Douglas Eaton, Aras Ali, Nannette Schwann, and Andrew Wechsler. "Right Atrial Surgery without Caval Snaring." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 1, no. 2 (December 2005): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01243895-200500120-00004.

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Background During tricuspid valve replacement in a patient with previous mitral valve surgery, we made an incidental observation that the right atrium can be opened without caval snaring and without air entering the venous reservoir. We tested this hypothesis on an animal model. Methods Two patients underwent right atrial surgery using percutaneous cannulation, and no air was entrained without caval snaring. This principle was tested in an animal model using 2 pigs weighing 80 kg each. Percutaneous cannulae were placed under epicardial echo guidance with their tips 4 cm from the right atrium. A “collapsible bag with air drainage system” was introduced into the venous return system to quantify air return from the superior vena cava (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC). Two types of percutaneous cannulae with (Cardiovations Quick Draw) and without (Biomedicus) proximal side holes were tested. Results In the animal model using Biomedicus cannulae, upon opening the right atrium, air was entrained from the SVC cannula at 60 mL/minute with no air in the IVC. There was no difference in the amount of air between the two cannulae. Pressures measured were 5 cm of water in the IVC and −20 cm water in the SVC. Epicardial ultrasound demonstrated complete collapse of both vena cavae. Partial clamping of the SVC cannula reduced the amount of air to 60 cc/min, and placing a small straight clamp at the SVC atrial junction eliminated the air. No air was noted in IVC cannula. Conclusions Inferior vena caval drainage by percutaneous cannula does not entrain air with either type of cannula and without snaring (both in clinical cases and animal model). This might be explained by the presence of a competent Eustachian valve. However, the SVC is not immune to air. Minimal air (approximately 60 mL/minute) could be managed by partial clamping or completely be avoided by placing a small straight clamp without snaring.
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Friedland, Mark, Andris Kazmers, Ronald Kline, Harvey Groehn, Chris Meeker, Susan Despriet, Katherine Abson, and Gail Oust. "Vena cava duplex imaging before caval interruption." Journal of Vascular Surgery 24, no. 4 (October 1996): 608–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0741-5214(96)70076-9.

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Jia, Zhongzhi, Alex Wu, Mathew Tam, James Spain, J. Mark McKinney, and Weiping Wang. "Caval Penetration by Inferior Vena Cava Filters." Circulation 132, no. 10 (September 8, 2015): 944–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.115.016468.

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6

Proctor, Mary C., Lazar J. Greenfield, Kyung J. Cho, Mohammed M. Moursi, and Eric A. James. "Assessment of Apparent Vena Caval Penetration by the Greenfield Filter." Journal of Endovascular Therapy 5, no. 3 (August 1998): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152660289800500311.

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Purpose: To examine and elucidate the mechanisms for apparent “penetration” by Greenfield vena caval filters. Methods: Two filters were placed in the inferior venae cavae (IVC) of four immature sheep and followed with cavography for 1 year. Two animals underwent computed tomography (CT) and laparoscopic examination. At necropsy, the vena cava and adjacent structures of all four animals were examined grossly and histologically. Results: Based upon cavography and CT imaging, all filters appeared to penetrate the vena cava at 12 months. However, at laparoscopy, no hooks or limbs were exposed, and the pericaval tissues remained intact; each hook or limb was within the adventitia or encapsulated in scar tissue. Histology of the tissue at the hook sites revealed remodeling of the intimal surface of the IVC and thinning of the adventitia. Conclusions: Based upon these data, we hypothesize that the vena cava gradually adapts by medial and adventitial thinning and myointimal remodeling to the radial force exerted by a filter. This process allows increase in the filter base diameter while maintaining the integrity of the cava and protecting adjacent structures.
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7

Siow, Jia Wen, QiCai Jason Hoon, Elizabeth Jenkins, Nikola Heblinski, and Mariano Makara. "Caval foramen hernia in a cat." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 6, no. 2 (July 2020): 205511692096402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055116920964021.

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Case summary A 3-year-old neutered female domestic shorthair cat presented for a 2-week history of hyporexia, lethargy and weight loss. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and cholesterol were mildly elevated. Thoracic radiographs identified a lobulated soft tissue opacity in the caudal thorax to the right of midline, with the border effacing the caudal vena cava and broad-based towards the diaphragm. The broad base was suggestive of diaphragmatic hernia, with the other radiographic features and location suggestive of caval foramen hernia. Ultrasound confirmed diaphragmatic hernia with liver herniation. CT showed the herniation of multiple liver lobes and the gallbladder through a defect at the caval foramen. Herniorrhaphy was performed via ventral midline coeliotomy. Following this procedure, the cat’s clinical signs resolved and its weight has been regained. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the first report of successful caval foramen herniorrhaphy in a cat. Caval foramen hernia is a type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. The authors suggest that its embryopathology involves defective septum transversum development. The case was detected during the standard diagnostic investigation of non-specific clinical signs. Its radiographic findings may easily be mistaken for a pulmonary mass. Although not seen in our case, caval foramen hernia is commonly associated with caudal vena cava obstruction, which can potentially result in Budd–Chiari-like syndrome.
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Iezzi, Roberto, Alessandro Posa, Francesca Carchesio, and Riccardo Manfredi. "Multidetector-row CT imaging evaluation of superior and inferior vena cava normal anatomy and caval variants: Report of our cases and literature review with embryologic correlation." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 34, no. 2 (May 11, 2018): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355518774964.

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Objective To assess the potential of multidetector-row computed tomography imaging and its reformations in the evaluation of the superior and inferior vena cava normal anatomy and their anatomical variants, and to make a brief review of caval embryogenesis and developmental errors. Methods We retrospectively reviewed a total of 1000 whole-body computed tomography scans performed between January 2010 and December 2016 to assess the normal superior and inferior vena cava anatomy and their variants. Results The normal superior and inferior vena cava anatomy was found in 88.9% of patients, whereas multiple variants were found, ranging from the superior or inferior vena cava duplication, to the azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava. Conclusions Computed tomography is a powerful tool to analyse superior and inferior vena cava anatomical variants. The knowledge and assessment of normal caval anatomy and of its anatomical variants is mandatory in the correct pre-operative planning in surgical and radiological interventions. Knowledge of caval variants is helpful in the differential diagnosis of abdominal or mediastinal masses, to avoid misdiagnosis, as well as in the screening of associated congenital pathologic conditions.
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Rajakulasingam, Ramyah, Rohin Francis, and Ramanan Rajakulasingam. "Vena Caval Anomalies." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 3 (November 28, 2013): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.122319.

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Anomalous vena cavae can have significant implications for procedures on the right side of the heart. We report a rare anatomical configuration in a 44-year-old female, which to the best of our knowledge, is the first report of such an association. She had a bicuspid aortic valve in conjunction with a persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) draining into the coronary sinus, and a left-sided inferior vena cava (IVC) draining into a left superior vena cava via the hemiazygos vein. Comprehensive assessment of these anomalies is crucial given the widespread use of invasive cardiac procedures.
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Grindstaff, Regina R., Ryan J. Grindstaff, and J. Thomas Cunningham. "Effects of right atrial distension on the activity of magnocellular neurons in the supraoptic nucleus." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 278, no. 6 (June 1, 2000): R1605—R1615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.278.6.r1605.

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A small balloon placed at the junction of the superior vena cava and right atrium was used to stimulate cardiac volume receptors in pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized male rats. Extracellular recordings were obtained from antidromically identified vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurosecretory cells of the supraoptic nucleus. Cells were considered sensitive to the stimulus if balloon inflation resulted in a 30% change in firing frequency. Balloon inflation that did not stretch the caval-atrial junction had no significant effect on vasopressin neurons ( n = 51, P > 0.05). Stretch of the caval-atrial junction decreased the firing activity in 64 of 83 putative vasopressin neurons ( P < 0.01 compared with control). Stretch of the caval-atrial junction influenced the firing activity of only 3 of 26 antidromically activated oxytocinergic neurons, an effect not statistically different from control ( P> 0.05). When bilateral vagotomy was performed while recording from vasopressin neurons ( n = 5), sensitivity to stretch of the caval-atrial junction was eliminated. Cardiac receptors located at the junction of the superior vena cava and right atrium may be important in regulating the activity of vasopressinergic but not oxytocinergic neurons of the supraoptic nucleus.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CAVAL"

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Silva, MoisÃs Tolentino Bento da. "A sobrecarga aguda cardÃaca advinda de fÃstula aorto-caval retarda o esvaziamento gÃstrico de lÃquidos em ratos acordados." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2740.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Tendo em vista que o comportamento motor do trato gastrointestinal parece ter intima relaÃÃo com a atividade do sistema cardiovascular, decidimos verificar se a redistribuiÃÃo do volume sanguÃneo atravÃs de fistula aorto-caval com agulhas de calibres (21, 23 ou 26G) afeta a motilidade do trato gastrintestinal em ratos acordados. Ratos machos albinos (230 a 280g) foram divididos em grupos falso-operado (FO) ou com fÃstula designados (F), alÃm disso, tiveram grupos fÃstula+sangria (FS), fÃstula+vagotomia (FV) bem como fÃstula+esplancnotomia (FE), todos estudados com 24 horas apÃs a confecÃÃo da fistula com agulha (21G). Os parÃmetros hemodinÃmicos de pressÃo arterial mÃdia (PAM), freqÃÃncia cardÃaca (FC), e pressÃo venosa central (PVC) foram monitorados continuamente e o dÃbito cardÃaco (DC) determinado por termo-diluiÃÃo. ApÃs os procedimentos cirÃrgicos os ratos FO e os (F) tiveram os parÃmetros hemodinÃmicos e o esvaziamento gÃstrico (EG) estudados nos tempos pÃs-prandial (10, 20 ou 30min.). A PA dos ratos (F) tiveram valores inferiores (p < 0,05) quando comparados aos FO (116,3  3,5 vs 101,3  3,3mmHg). Por outro lado, nos ratos (F) houve aumento (p < 0,05) nos valores da PVC (1,9  0,4 vs 5,8  0,6cmH2O) da FC (365,0  7,0 vs 417,0  7,0bpm) e do DC (119,9  9,6 vs 172  5,3ml/min) quando comparados aos ratos FO. Em relaÃÃo ao FO ocorreu uma retenÃÃo gÃstrica nos ratos (F) nos tempos pÃs-prandial 10, 20 e 30min (45,6 Â3,6 vs 57,5  2,1%; 36,4  2,7 vs 50,5  3,3 % e 33,3  2,7 vs 44,7  3,0 %, respectivamente). Os ratos do grupo (FS), apresentaram valores de (EG) inferiores aos animais (F) (36,5  3,2 vs 50,5  3,3%, p<0,05), mas similares aos FO (36,4  2,7%). Em relaÃÃo à vagotomia (FV), a mesma reverteu o retarde no (EG) induzido pela FÃstula (F) (40,4  2,3 vs 50,5  3,3%), em contrapartida, os ratos submetidos a esplancnotomia (FE) nÃo apresentaram diferenÃas com os (F) (50,5  3,3 e 50,1  1,4%). AlÃm do mais, nÃo foi encontrada participaÃÃo da secreÃÃo Ãcida no retarde do (EG) apÃs fÃstula. Portanto, a sobrecarga cardÃaca advinda de fÃstula arteriovenosa com agulhas de calibre (21, 23 ou 26G) alÃm de promover alteraÃÃes nos parÃmetros hemodinÃmicos, induz retarde no (EG) e interfere no trÃnsito intestinal de lÃquidos em ratos acordados. Tal retarde no (EG) inclusive foi abolido apÃs sangria ou vagotomia subdiafragmÃtica prÃvias, mas nÃo havendo alteraÃÃo apÃs esplancnotomia.
In view that the behaviour of gastrointestinal tract seems to have intimate relationship with the activity of the cardiovascular system, we decided to verify whether the redistribution of blood volume through fistula aorto-caval with sizes of needles (21, 23 or 26G) affect the motility of the gastrointestinal tract in rats awaked. Male albino rats (230 to 280g) were divided into groups false-operated (FO) or designated with fistula (F), moreover, had groups fistula + bleeding (FS), fistula + vagotomy (FV) and fistula + esplancnotomy (FE), all with studied 24 hours after preparation of the fistula with needle (21G). Hemodynamic parameters of mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), central venous pressure (CVP) were monitored continuously and cardiac output (CO) determined by term-dilution. After the surgical procedures the rats FO and (F) had the hemodynamic parameters and gastric emptying (GE) studied in the time post-prandial (10, 20 or 30min.). The MAP of rats (F) had lower values (p <0.05) when compared to FO (116.3 Â 3.5 vs. 101.3 Â 3.3 mmHg). Moreover, in rats (F) increased (p <0.05) the values of CVP when compared to rats FO (1.9 Â 0.4 vs 5.8 Â 0.6 cmH2O), HR (365.0 Â 7.0 vs 417.0 Â 7.0 bpm) and the CO (119.9 Â 9.6 vs 172 Â 5.3 ml / min). In relation the rats the FO was a gastric retention increased in (F) in the time post-prandial 10, 20 and 30min (45.6 Â 3.6 vs 57.5 Â 2.1%; 36.4 Â 2.7 vs 50.5 Â 3.3% and 33.3 Â 2.7 vs 44.7 Â 3.0%, respectively). The rats of the group (FS), showed values of (GE) lower than the animals (F) (36.5 Â 3.2 vs 50.5 Â 3.3%, p <0.05) but similar to FO ( 36.4 Â 2.7%). The vagotomy (FV), it reversed the delay in the (GE) induced by fistula (F) (40.4 Â 2.3 vs 50.5 Â 3.3%), in contrast, the rats undergoing esplancnotomy (FE) showed no differences in comparation with the (F) (50.5 Â 3.3 and 50.1 Â 1.4%). Moreover, was not found involvement of acid secretion in the delays of the (GE) after fistula. Therefore, the overload heart arisen from arteriovenous fistula with needles, size (21, 23 or 26G) to promote changes in hemodynamic parameters, leads decreases the (GE) and interfere in the intestinal transit of liquids in rats awaked. This delay in the (GE) was also abolished after bleeding or prior the subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, but no change after esplancnotomy.
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Silva, Moisés Tolentino Bento da. "A sobrecarga aguda cardíaca advinda de fístula aorto-caval retarda o esvaziamento gástrico de líquidos em ratos acordados." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/2583.

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SILVA, Moisés Tolentino Bento da. A Sobrecarga aguda cardíaca advinda de fístula aorto-caval retarda o esvaziamento gástrico de líquidos em ratos acordados. 2008. 107 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Farmacologia) - Universidade Federal do Ceará. Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, 2008.
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In view that the behaviour of gastrointestinal tract seems to have intimate relationship with the activity of the cardiovascular system, we decided to verify whether the redistribution of blood volume through fistula aorto-caval with sizes of needles (21, 23 or 26G) affect the motility of the gastrointestinal tract in rats awaked. Male albino rats (230 to 280g) were divided into groups false-operated (FO) or designated with fistula (F), moreover, had groups fistula + bleeding (FS), fistula + vagotomy (FV) and fistula + esplancnotomy (FE), all with studied 24 hours after preparation of the fistula with needle (21G). Hemodynamic parameters of mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), central venous pressure (CVP) were monitored continuously and cardiac output (CO) determined by term-dilution. After the surgical procedures the rats FO and (F) had the hemodynamic parameters and gastric emptying (GE) studied in the time post-prandial (10, 20 or 30min.). The MAP of rats (F) had lower values (p <0.05) when compared to FO (116.3 ± 3.5 vs. 101.3 ± 3.3 mmHg). Moreover, in rats (F) increased (p <0.05) the values of CVP when compared to rats FO (1.9 ± 0.4 vs 5.8 ± 0.6 cmH2O), HR (365.0 ± 7.0 vs 417.0 ± 7.0 bpm) and the CO (119.9 ± 9.6 vs 172 ± 5.3 ml / min). In relation the rats the FO was a gastric retention increased in (F) in the time post-prandial 10, 20 and 30min (45.6 ± 3.6 vs 57.5 ± 2.1%; 36.4 ± 2.7 vs 50.5 ± 3.3% and 33.3 ± 2.7 vs 44.7 ± 3.0%, respectively). The rats of the group (FS), showed values of (GE) lower than the animals (F) (36.5 ± 3.2 vs 50.5 ± 3.3%, p <0.05) but similar to FO ( 36.4 ± 2.7%). The vagotomy (FV), it reversed the delay in the (GE) induced by fistula (F) (40.4 ± 2.3 vs 50.5 ± 3.3%), in contrast, the rats undergoing esplancnotomy (FE) showed no differences in comparation with the (F) (50.5 ± 3.3 and 50.1 ± 1.4%). Moreover, was not found involvement of acid secretion in the delays of the (GE) after fistula. Therefore, the overload heart arisen from arteriovenous fistula with needles, size (21, 23 or 26G) to promote changes in hemodynamic parameters, leads decreases the (GE) and interfere in the intestinal transit of liquids in rats awaked. This delay in the (GE) was also abolished after bleeding or prior the subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, but no change after esplancnotomy.
Tendo em vista que o comportamento motor do trato gastrointestinal parece ter intima relação com a atividade do sistema cardiovascular, decidimos verificar se a redistribuição do volume sanguíneo através de fistula aorto-caval com agulhas de calibres (21, 23 ou 26G) afeta a motilidade do trato gastrintestinal em ratos acordados. Ratos machos albinos (230 a 280g) foram divididos em grupos falso-operado (FO) ou com fístula designados (F), além disso, tiveram grupos fístula+sangria (FS), fístula+vagotomia (FV) bem como fístula+esplancnotomia (FE), todos estudados com 24 horas após a confecção da fistula com agulha (21G). Os parâmetros hemodinâmicos de pressão arterial média (PAM), freqüência cardíaca (FC), e pressão venosa central (PVC) foram monitorados continuamente e o débito cardíaco (DC) determinado por termo-diluição. Após os procedimentos cirúrgicos os ratos FO e os (F) tiveram os parâmetros hemodinâmicos e o esvaziamento gástrico (EG) estudados nos tempos pós-prandial (10, 20 ou 30min.). A PA dos ratos (F) tiveram valores inferiores (p < 0,05) quando comparados aos FO (116,3 ± 3,5 vs 101,3 ± 3,3mmHg). Por outro lado, nos ratos (F) houve aumento (p < 0,05) nos valores da PVC (1,9 ± 0,4 vs 5,8 ± 0,6cmH2O) da FC (365,0 ± 7,0 vs 417,0 ± 7,0bpm) e do DC (119,9 ± 9,6 vs 172 ± 5,3ml/min) quando comparados aos ratos FO. Em relação ao FO ocorreu uma retenção gástrica nos ratos (F) nos tempos pós-prandial 10, 20 e 30min (45,6 ±3,6 vs 57,5 ± 2,1%; 36,4 ± 2,7 vs 50,5 ± 3,3 % e 33,3 ± 2,7 vs 44,7 ± 3,0 %, respectivamente). Os ratos do grupo (FS), apresentaram valores de (EG) inferiores aos animais (F) (36,5 ± 3,2 vs 50,5 ± 3,3%, p<0,05), mas similares aos FO (36,4 ± 2,7%). Em relação à vagotomia (FV), a mesma reverteu o retarde no (EG) induzido pela Fístula (F) (40,4 ± 2,3 vs 50,5 ± 3,3%), em contrapartida, os ratos submetidos a esplancnotomia (FE) não apresentaram diferenças com os (F) (50,5 ± 3,3 e 50,1 ± 1,4%). Além do mais, não foi encontrada participação da secreção ácida no retarde do (EG) após fístula. Portanto, a sobrecarga cardíaca advinda de fístula arteriovenosa com agulhas de calibre (21, 23 ou 26G) além de promover alterações nos parâmetros hemodinâmicos, induz retarde no (EG) e interfere no trânsito intestinal de líquidos em ratos acordados. Tal retarde no (EG) inclusive foi abolido após sangria ou vagotomia subdiafragmática prévias, mas não havendo alteração após esplancnotomia.
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Hau, Hans Michael, Peter Fellmer, Markus B. Schoenberg, Moritz Schmelzle, Mehmet Haluk Morgul, Felix Krenzien, Georg Wiltberger, Albrecht Hoffmeister, and Sven Jonas. "The collateral caval shunt as an alternative to classical shunt procedures in patients with recurrent duodenal varices and extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-151556.

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Upper gastrointestinal bleeding episodes from variceal structures are severe complications in patients with portal hypertension. Endoscopic sclerotherapy and variceal ligation are the treatment options preferred for upper variceal bleeding owing to extrahepatic portal hypertension due to portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Recurrent duodenal variceal bleeding in non-cirrhotic patients with diffuse porto-splenic vein thrombosis and subsequent portal. cavernous transformation represent a clinical challenge if classic shunt surgery is not possible or suitable. In this study, we represent a case of recurrent bleeding of duodenal varices in a non-cirrhotic patient with cavernous transformation of the portal vein that was successfully treated with a collateral caval shunt operation.
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Sharwood-Smith, Geoffrey H. "The inferior vena caval compression theory of hypotension in obstetric spinal anaesthesia : studies in normal and preeclamptic pregnancy : a literature review and revision of fundamental concepts." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1815.

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Three clinical investigations together with a combined editorial and review of the cardiovascular physiology of spinal anaesthesia in normal and preeclamptic pregnancy form the basis of a thesis to be submitted for the degree of Doctor of Medicine at the University of St Andrews. First, the longstanding consensus that spinal anaesthesia could cause severe hypotension in severe preeclampsia was examined using three approaches. The doses of ephedrine required to maintain systolic blood pressure above predetermined limits were first compared in spinal versus epidural anaesthesia. The doses of ephedrine required were then similarly studied during spinal anaesthesia in preeclamptic versus normal control subjects. The principal outcome of these studies, that preeclamptic patients were resistant to hypotension after a spinal anaesthetic, was then further investigated by studying pulse transit time (PTT) changes in normal versus preeclamptic pregnancy. PTT was explored both as beat-to-beat monitor of cardiovascular function and also as an indicator of changes in arterial stiffness. The cardiovascular physiology of obstetric spinal anaesthesia was then reviewed in the light of the three clinical investigations, developments in reproductive vascular biology and the regulation of venous capacitance. It is argued that the theory of a role for vena caval compression as the single cause of spinal anaesthetic induced hypotension in obstetrics should be revised.
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Campbell, Andrew John. "The politics of canal construction : the Ashby Canal, 1781-1804." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27794.

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Between 1781-1804 the residents of a number of parishes in Derbyshire, Leicestershire and Warwickshire found themselves on the receiving end of the promotion and construction of the Ashby Canal. As with most new developments, especially those that have an impact on the landscape, the local inhabitants had to decide whether they supported or opposed it, while outsiders had to consider what gains could be made from any involvement in the project. In this instance those in favour of the waterway won the day and the building process began in 1794. However, this was by no means an end to the negotiations as the canal company had to deal with continual internal disagreements and disputes with landowners over various issues such as damage, route changes and late payments for their land. Using sources which include contemporary newspapers, canal company records, a Parliamentary Act, and the diary of a local constable this thesis provides a micro-study of the complex politics of canal construction. It examines the considerations affecting participation in the process, the numbers of people who were involved, the workings and internal structures of the canal company and the exchanges of opinions within the organisation and between its supporters and opponents. Its findings reveal that the Ashby Canal had a significant and variable effect not only on the residents of the parishes the canal cut through, but also on people who were considered outsiders, such as non-local investors, Members of Parliament and the engineers, contractors and labourers who relocated to gain employment.
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Maurin, Bruno. "Pharmacologie du canal CFTR : développement de molécules activatrices du canal." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENV085.

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PHARMACOLOGIE DU CANAL CFTR : SYNTHESE DE NOUVEAUX COMPOSES ACTIVATEURS DE L'EFFLUX DES IONS CHLORURE.Après la découverte dans notre laboratoire d'une nouvelle réaction entre le méthylglyoxal et les α-aminoazahétérocycles aromatiques, une nouvelle famille de modulateurs de l'activité de la protéine CFTR (« Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator ») a été mise en évidence en collaboration avec l'équipe de F. Becq à Poitiers. Les dysfonctionnements de cette protéine transmembranaire résultent de différentes mutations du gène correspondant et sont responsables de plusieurs pathologies dont la mucoviscidose. Les perspectives thérapeutiques de cette maladie grave impliquent l'utilisation et la recherche d'activateurs du canal CFTR.En nous basant sur la structure des composés ayant présenté les meilleurs effets activateurs de la protéine, nous avons conçu et synthétisé une série d'analogues du composé activateur le meilleur mis en évidence précédemment, GPact-11a. Les nouveaux composés préparés sont issus des réactions du méthylglyoxal ou de nouvelles voies de synthèse utilisant des acides aminés. La réactivité de GPact-11a a ensuite été étudiée et exploitée pour préparer des prodrogues potentielles et réaliser la séparation des quatre énantiomères formés lors de la préparation de GPact-11a. Un travail de modélisation des interactions des modulateurs synthétisés avec un modèle de la protéine CFTR construit par homologie de séquences par I. Callebaut, J.-P. Mornon et P. Lehn a également été développé afin de concevoir rationnellement de nouveaux activateurs et de comprendre les effets observés
PHARMACOLOGY OF CFTR CHANNEL: SYNTHESIS OF NEW ACTIVATORS OF CHLORIDE ION EFFLUX.After the discovery in our laboratory of a new reaction of methylglyoxal with α-aromatic aminoazaheterocycles, a novel family of CFTR modulators (“Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator”) has been identified in collaboration with the group of F. Becq in Poitiers. The dysfunctions of this transmembranar protein that result from different genetic mutations lead to several pathologies and among them to the genetic disease Cystic Fibrosis. In the search for more efficient CFTR activators from the structure of the best activator GPact-11a identified previously, a series of GPact-11a analogues was designed and synthesised through reaction of adenine derivatives with methylglyoxal or amino acids. The GPact-11a reactivity was also studied and used for the preparation of potential prodrugs and for the separation of the four enantiomers formed in the reaction leading to GPact-11a. Works were also developed to model the interactions between the synthesised derivatives and a CFTR model built through sequence by I. Callebaut, J.-P. Mornon and P. Lehn in order to design more rationally new activators and understand the biological effects
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Madarati, Ahmad A. "Analysis and management of intra-canal fracture of root canal instruments." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509729.

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Martin, Morgan. "Observation du canal canal B⁰s → ηc φ avec le détecteur LHCb." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0244.

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L'interférence entre la désintégration du méson B⁰s vers un état final propre de CP, directement ou via le mélange B⁰s- ̄B⁰s, donne lieu à une phase violant CP mesurable φ_{s}, dont la valeur dans le Modèle Standard est φs^{MS}=(-0.0370 ± 0.0006)rad. Cependant, des contributions de Nouvelle Physique peuvent intervenir dans ce processus et modifier la valeur de φs. À l'heure actuelle, la mesure la plus précise de φs est donnée par l'expérience LHCb et la valeur moyenne mondiale est φs^{exp}=(-0.021 ± 0.032)rad, dominée par l'incertitude statistique. Dans ce contexte, l'étude de la désintégration B⁰s→ηcφ est effectuée en utilisant les données de collisions pp correspondant à une luminosité intégrée de ~3.0fb⁻¹, collectées avec le détecteur LHCb avec le Run~1 du LHC. La première observation de la désintégration B⁰s→ηcφ est obtenue, avec le méson ηc reconstruit dans les quatres modes de désintégration p ̄p, K⁺K⁻π⁺π⁻, π⁺π⁻π⁺π⁻ et K⁺K⁻K⁺K⁻ et φ(1020) reconstruit dans le mode K⁺K⁻. La désintégration B⁰s→J/ψφ est utilisée comme canal de normalisation.Le rapport de branchement mesuré est B(B⁰s→ηcφ)=(5.01 ± 0.53 ± 0.27 ± 0.63) x 10⁻⁴, où la première incertitude est statistique, la seconde est systématique et la troisième incertitude est due à la connaissance limitée des rapports d'embranchement externes
The interference between B⁰s meson decay amplitudes to CP final state directly or via mixing gives rise to a measurable CP-violating phase φs, which is predicted to be φs^{MS}=(-0.0370 ± 0.0006)rad in the Standard Model. However, such process may receive contributions from New Physics and change the value of φs. At present, the most precise measurement of φs is given by the LHCb experiment and the world average is φs^{exp}=(-0.021 ± 0.032)rad, with uncertainty still dominated by the statistics.In this context, a study of B⁰s→ηcφ decays is performed using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of ~3.0fb⁻¹, collected with the LHCb detector during the Run~1 of the LHC. The observation of the decay B⁰s→ηcφ is reported, where the ηc meson is reconstructed in the p ̄p, K⁺K⁻π⁺π⁻, π⁺π⁻π⁺π⁻ and K⁺K⁻K⁺K⁻ decay modes and the φ(1020) in the K⁺K⁻ decay mode. The decay B⁰s→J/ψφ is used as a normalisation channel.The measured branching fraction is B(B⁰s→ηcφ)=(5.01 ± 0.53 ± 0.27 ± 0.63) x 10⁻⁴, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the external branching fractions
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Jackoby, Joanna C. "Panama: owning the canal." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/41395.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
It is rare that Americans wonder about what happened to the Panama Canal after the United States turned it over to Panama in 1999. Since 2000, the Panamanians have been able to transform the canal into a profitable enterprise and successfully revert a good deal of Canal Zone infrastructure to public use through a combination of positive political decision-making, fiscally beneficial economic policies, and constructive management. The United States created the nation of Panama, built and managed the canal, and finally begrudgingly handed over sovereignty. To this extent, Panama's success is our success. Yet there has been surprising little real analysis of the changes in Panama that have resulted from a decade of ownership of the canal and the land surrounding it. It is time to appraise the results so far.
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Gomes, Miguel Ferreira Pereira. "Canal SCADA na Web." Dissertação, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/10358.

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Books on the topic "CAVAL"

1

Caval. [Quetta]: Yūsuf ʻAzīz Magsī Fāʼūnḍeshan, 2011.

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Spadoni, Nevio. A caval dagli ór. Ravenna: Longo, 1991.

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Pʻxakazė, Xatʻia. Me siqvarulis sażebrad caval. [Tʻbilisi: s.n.], 1998.

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Dibdin, Michael. Cabal. London: Faber and Faber, 2010.

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Cajal. Madrid: Debate, 2000.

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Dibdin, Michael. Cabal. New York: Doubleday, 1993.

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Maguire, Tim. Canal. London: Chisenhale Gallery, 1992.

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Cabal. New York: Poseidon Press, 1988.

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Broyart, Benoît. Cavale. Paris: Oskar éd., 2012.

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Dibdin, Michael. Cabal. London: Faber, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "CAVAL"

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Sun, Jing Ping, William J. Stewart, and James D. Thomas. "Inferior Vena Caval Masses." In Practical Handbook of Echocardiography, 177–80. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444320367.ch53.

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Beathard, Gerald A. "Superior Vena Caval Stenosis." In Dialysis Access Cases, 123–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57500-1_24.

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Matson, Matthew. "Inferior Veno-Caval Filters." In Medical Radiology, 201–6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/174_2012_536.

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Stavolo, Ciro, and Raffaella Marino. "Inferior Vena Caval System." In MDCT Anatomy — Body, 105–9. Milano: Springer Milan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1878-5_15.

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Shoff, William H., Catherine T. Shoff, Suzanne M. Shepherd, Jonathan L. Burstein, Calvin A. Brown, Ashita J. Tolwani, Bala Venkatesh, et al. "Retrohepatic Vena Caval Shunt." In Encyclopedia of Intensive Care Medicine, 1999–2001. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00418-6_512.

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Kaufman, Olaf, Haraldur Bjarnason, and Peter Gloviczki. "Caval and Iliac Vein Disease." In Handbook of Endovascular Interventions, 377–87. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5013-9_28.

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Amplatz, K. "New Developments in Caval Filters." In Radiology Today, 146–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69737-1_27.

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Vaughan, E. D. "Unexpected Inferior Vena Caval Thrombus." In Emergencies in Urology, 577. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48605-3_71.

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Greenfield, Lazar J., and Mary C. Proctor. "Clinical Experience with Vena Caval Filters." In Pulmonary Embolism, 173–85. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66893-0_13.

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Wilby, Dan, and Matt Hayes. "Nephrectomy: vascular control during caval thrombectomy." In Top Tips in Urology, 21. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118508060.ch11.

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Conference papers on the topic "CAVAL"

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Cinteza, Eliza, Mihaela Balgradean, Luca Giugno, Alessandro Giamberti, Cristina Filip, Gabriela Duica, Georgiana Nicolae, and Alin Nicolescu. "P80 Bilateral superior caval vein associated with unroofed coronary sinus." In 8th Europaediatrics Congress jointly held with, The 13th National Congress of Romanian Pediatrics Society, 7–10 June 2017, Palace of Parliament, Romania, Paediatrics building bridges across Europe. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-313273.168.

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Dur, Onur, Ergin Kocyildirim, Curt G. Degroff, Peter Wearden, Victor Morell, and Kerem Pekkan. "Effect of Caval Waveform on Energy Dissipation of Failing Fontan Patients." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206540.

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Last stage of the palliative surgical reconstruction (i.e. Fontan procedure) for the infants with functional single-ventricle is total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC), where the superior vena cavae (SVC) and inferior vena cavae (IVC) are routed directly into the pulmonary arteries. Limited pumping energy available due to the absence of right-ventricle and altered venous characteristics require optimized hemodynamics inside the TCPC pathway, which can be achieved by minimizing the power losses.
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Cambronero, Sophie, Aurelien Dupre, Yao Chen, Pr Michel Rivoire, and David Melodelima. "Intra-operative HIFU treatment at the hepato-caval confluence of the liver in an in vivo porcine model." In 2020 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ius46767.2020.9251630.

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Elias, A., G. Le Corff, J. L. Bouvier, Ph Villain, and A. Serradimigni. "DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN VENOGRAPHY AND REAL TIME B MODE ULTRASOUND IMAGING IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642892.

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Methods : in this prospective study, real time B Mode ultrasound imaging (USI) was compared to bilateral ascending contrast venography, double blindly, in 430 patients suspected of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism.A complete scan of the venous system from the inferior vena cava to the calf veins, was performed with a high resolution duplex system (DIASONICS DRF 400) and coupled systematically with a C.W. Doppler examination. The results obtained by USI were thus compared to the venograms performed on a total of 854 legs.Results : there are corresponding results in 95% of the legs (808/854). If we consider venography as the standard of reference, the sensitivity of USI is 98% (325/333) and the specificity 94% (483/514). Isolated calf vein thrombosis are detected in 91% (84/92) of the legs and proximal DVT in 100% (241/241) in this series whatever the topography and the extension of the thrombosis and whatever the degree of the obstruction of the vein.Discrepancies found in 46 legs are related to :- 8 DVT located in the calf (6 in the presumed healthy leg) diagnosed only by venography.- 27 DVT (18 distal, 9 femoral or iliac) detected only by USI- 9 doubtful examinations with USI not confirmed by venography- 2 doubtful venograms with negative USI test.Comments : Calf vein thrombosis especially located in the soleal sinuses and the gastrocnemius with in most cases the direct image of the thrombus are more often detected by USI provided that the technique and the equipment are appropriate.The absence of visualisation of venous segments with venography is not specific of venous thrombosis. These veins non affected by the thrombosis are not filled by the contrast medium when located above in occluded ilio-femoral or ilio-caval junction or when they are the site of extrinsic compression. The direct image of the vein and the surrounding structures obtained with USI enhances the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and provides precision of the exact extension of the thrombosis.Due to these differences, can venography still be considered as the standard of reference in the diagnosis of DVT and their precise localisation ?
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Prekker, Matthew E., Nathaniel L. Scott, Danielle Hart, Jose Luna, Mark D. Sprenkle, and James W. Leatherman. "Ultrasound Measurement Of Inferior Vena Caval Diameter Is More Accurate Than The Internal Jugular Vein Aspect Ratio To Estimate Central Venous Pressure In ICU Patients." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a4580.

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Baldwin, Matthew R., William A. Bulman, Kristin M. Burkart, Keith Brenner, Cara L. Agerstrand, Matthew D. Bacchetta, and Daniel Brodie. "Veno-Venous Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation With Bi-Caval Dual Lumen Internal Jugular Catheter Permits Safe Transport Of Adult Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a1649.

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Kumar, A., J. Fareed, W. H. Wehrmacher, D. Hoppensteadt, O. Ulutin, and J. M. Walenga. "ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION MODULATION AND CONTROL OF VASCULAR AND THROMBOTIC DISORDERS: EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS WITH A POLYDEOXY RIBONUCLEOTIDE AGENT DEFIBROTIDE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643149.

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Numerous approaches with single and multiple drugs modulating protease cascade, platelet function and blood viscosity and to reduce blood lipids to manage thrombotic processes have been tried. Defibrotide, a polydeoxyribonucleotide, (Mr =17,000) offers a new approach to vascular and related thrombotic processes as it acts via modulation of endothelial cell function. We have used a primate model (Macaca mulatta) to study the endogenous action of this agent after the oral (10-25 mg/kg) and intravenous (5-10 mg/kg) administration. This agent produced no effect on clotting tests and ex vivo laboratory findings but rather it elevated the t-PA (antigen and functional), protein C (antigen and functional), prostacyclin and decreased thromboxane, 01.2-antiplasmin (functional) and t-PA inhibitor (functional) in both studies. These observations suggest that Defibrotide modulates endothelial function. Hepatic isolation in rabbits totally blocked the antithrombotic actions of Defibrotide suggesting that this agent is converted into an active product endogenously. Pretreatment of Defibrotide with nucleases also resulted in a complete loss of its actions. Defibrotide produced dose dependent antithrombotic actions in animal models (rabbit venous stasis and rat vena caval ligation) after either intravenous or oral administration. Blood pressure, heart rate, respiration and kidney function were not altered by it. No effect on bleeding time was noted in any studies. Upon oral administration this drug produced pharmacologic action after 2 hours whereas after intravenous administration, the action peaked at 30 minutes. Defibrotide exhibited cytoprotective effects towards endothelial lining of the vascular smooth muscles characterized by microscopic studies. In summary Defibrotide is an endothelial support agent whose multicomponent actions are primarily mediated via the physical and functional modulation of the endothelial cells in the vascular system.
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Fong, K. L. L., K. E. Boyle, C. S. Crysler, M. S. Landi, H. E. Griffin, and R. K. Lynn. "EXTRAHEPATIC METABOLISM OF RECOMBINANT TISSUE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR (tPA) IN DOGS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644398.

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Hepatic uptake has been proposed as the major mechanism of tPA clearance from systemic circulation. However, our recent studies demonstrated that tPA was rapidly Inactivated through complexation with protease Inhibitors in dog plasma In vitro, and that tPA-inhibitor complexes were present in plasma of dogs receiving tPA. Therefore, the present work was undertaken to differentiate hepatic from extrahepatlc clearance of tPA. Pharmacokinetics of tPA were determined in anesthetized beagle dogs with either Intact hepatic circulation or with Interrupted hepatic blood flow achieved by hepatic artery ligation and portal caval shunt.Recombinant two-chain tPA was administered as an Intravenous bolus dose (80 μg/kg) and plasma active tPA concentrations were measured using a modified and validated S-2251 chromogenlc assay. Following tPA administration to Intact dogs, plasma active tPA concentration declined blexponentlally with time with 84% of the active tPA eliminated during the α-phase. The t1/2's of the a and β-phase were 1.76 ± 0.74 and 6.23 ± 1.56 min, respectively. The systemic clearance was 25.98 ± 1.13 ml/min/kg and the volume of distribution at steady state (VDss) was 73.9 ± 15.1 ml/kg. Upon the elimination of hepatic blood flow, the systemic clearance was reduced by 54% while VDss was unaffected. The contribution of plasma Inactivation of tPA to the systemic clearance was estimated from in vitro Inactivation studies In 37°C plasma. Based on the pseudo first order Inactivation rate constants of 0.184 min-1 and 0.095 min-1 at Initial tPA concentrations of 25 and 250 IU/ml respectively, clearance rates from 5.02 to 9.2 ml/min/kg were calculated. These data suggest that (1) in Intact dogs, 46% of the tPA clearance occurs extrahepatlcally and (2) Inactivation of tPA in plasma accounts for a major portion of the extrahepatlc clearance.
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Norman, Arthur, and John Fitch. "CABAL." In the second international symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/266670.266729.

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Viswanath, Bimal, Mainack Mondal, Krishna P. Gummadi, Alan Mislove, and Ansley Post. "Canal." In the 7th ACM european conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2168836.2168867.

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Reports on the topic "CAVAL"

1

Salazar, Jennifer. Canal Park. Landscape Architecture Foundation, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31353/cs0870.

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Hill, Kristina, and Michael Geffel. Richmond Canal Walk. Landscape Architecture Foundation, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31353/cs0070.

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McAlpin, Tate O., Rutherford C. Berger, and Amena M. Henville. Bush Canal Floodgate Study. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada538125.

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Sanchez, Mario, S. Keith, and Morgan Johnston. Houma Navigation Canal Lock Complex (TE-113) study, Louisiana : Houma Navigation Canal ship simulation results. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/34582.

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Swetz, Frank J. Mathematical Treasure: Problems fromZibaldone da Canal. Washington, DC: The MAA Mathematical Sciences Digital Library, August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4169/loci003905.

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Vander Velde, E. J. Tubewells in Pakistan distributary canal commands. International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2013.022.

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Maddox, William T. Panama Canal Beyond the Year 2000. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada276578.

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Parchure, T. M., Steven C. Wilhelms, Soraya Sarruff, and William H. McAnally. Salinity Intrusion in the Panama Canal. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada378475.

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Hite, John E., and Jr. Inner Harbor Navigation Canal Replacement Lock Filling and Emptying System, Inner Harbor Navigation Canal, New Orleans, Louisiana. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413187.

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Malik, R. P. S., S. A. Prathapar, and M. Marwah. Revitalizing canal irrigation towards improving cost recovery. International Water Management Institute (IWMI)., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2014.211.

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