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Journal articles on the topic 'Causes and Theories of Causation'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Hitchcock, Christopher Read. "Farewell to Binary Causation." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 26, no. 2 (June 1996): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1996.10717454.

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Causation is a topic of perennial philosophical concern. As well as being of intrinsic interest, almost all philosophical concepts — such as knowledge, beauty, and moral responsibility — involve a causal dimension. Nonetheless, attempts to provide a satisfactory account of the nature of causation have typically led to barrages of counterexamples. I hope to show that a number of the difficulties plaguing theories of causation have a common source.Most philosophical theories of causation describe a binary relation between cause and effect, or at any rate, a relation that reduces to such a binary

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CLARKE, RANDOLPH. "Absence Causation for Causal Dispositionalists." Journal of the American Philosophical Association 4, no. 3 (2018): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apa.2018.16.

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AbstractSeveral theories of causation rule out causation of or by lacks, omissions, or absences of things. They thereby conflict with much of what we think and say about what causes what. This article proposes a modification of one kind of theory, causal dispositionalism, so that it accepts absence causation while retaining a fundamental commitment of dispositionalism.

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Grenda, Vytautas. "DEVYNIŲ KONTRAFAKTINIŲ PRIEŽASTINGUMO TEORIJŲ PALYGINIMAS PASITELKIANT SEPTYNIS PAVYZDŽIUS." Problemos 76 (January 1, 2009): 134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.2009.0.1937.

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Straipsnyje lyginamos ir vertinamos devynios per pastarąjį dešimtmetį pasirodžiusios kontrafaktinės vienetinio priežastingumo teorijos, kurias visas sukūrė arba inspiravo D. Lewisas, J. Y. Halpernas ir J. Pearlas, o savo tekstuose išdėstė šeši kiti autoriai. Parodomi kai kurie literatūroje dar neaprašyti šių teorijų skirtumai. Įrodinėjama, kad dauguma šių teorijų intuityviai panašius pavyzdžius nagrinėja skirtingai, ir šiuo požiūriu primeta perskyras, kurių buitinės priežastingumo sampratos požiūriu ne tik nėra, bet ir neturėtų būti.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: vienetinis priežastingumas, kontrafakti

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Nera, Kenzo. "Analyzing the Causation Between Conspiracy Mentality and Belief in Conspiracy Theories." Zeitschrift für Psychologie 232, no. 1 (January 2024): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000533.

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Abstract: The dispositional approach to conspiracy mentality suggests that it causally precedes belief in conspiracy theories. I identify two potential pitfalls when analyzing this causal relationship: circular reasoning (in which the two constructs are conflated and interchangeable) and black box explanations (in which conspiracy mentality is merely defined as a disposition to believe in conspiracy theories). I argue that avoiding black box explanations requires theoretical and empirical works to clarify the content and antecedents of conspiracy mentality. To guide future research, I formulat

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Stein, John. "Theories about Developmental Dyslexia." Brain Sciences 13, no. 2 (January 26, 2023): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020208.

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Despite proving its usefulness for over a century, the concept of developmental dyslexia (DD) is currently in severe disarray because of the recent introduction of the phonological theory of its causation. Since mastering the phonological principle is essential for all reading, failure to do so cannot be used to distinguish DD from the many other causes of such failure. To overcome this problem, many new psychological, signal detection, and neurological theories have been introduced recently. All these new theories converge on the idea that DD is fundamentally caused by impaired signalling of

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Pemunta, N. V. "The Social Epidemiology and Burden of Malaria in Bali Nyonga, Northwest Cameroon." Health, Culture and Society 4, no. 1 (May 17, 2013): 20–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/hcs.2013.69.

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Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the anopheles mosquito that kills at least one million people in Sub-Saharan Africa every year, leading to human suffering and enormous economic loses. This paper examines the complex web of cultural, poor socio-economic conditions and environmental factors for the prevalence of malaria in Bali Nyonga. The study outlines and assesses the multiple notions of malaria causation with dirty environment (80.76%) and the mosquito (76.92%) as the leading causes. Other causes are poor hygiene (46.15%), impure sources of portable water (23.08%), malnutrition (1

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Shang, Shi Yu. "Aanalyse on the Causation and Classification of Usual Damages of Highway Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1297.

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There are long spans and various types of lining of highway tunnels under different geological conditions. It is challenging to obtain accurate geological condition data of tunnel, the existing tunnel design theories and methods are not mature either. Meantime, the stresses of tunnel during the stage of design, construction, operation and maintenance are also changing with time. Therefore, it is difficult to discover the root causes of the highway tunnels defeats, also because of the joint influence of the above factors. Through the broadly investigations of defeats of highway tunnel, the reas

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Marques, José Oscar de Almeida. "Regularity and counterfactuality in Hume's treatment of causation." Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia 52, no. 124 (December 2011): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-512x2011000200007.

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Of the several theories of causation current in our days, Hume is said to be the inspiration of two of the most influential and accepted: the regularity theory, first clearly formulated by Thomas Brown in 1822, and the counterfactual theory, proposed by David Lewis in 1973. After a brief outline of the comparative merits and difficulties of these two views, I proceed to examine whether Hume's own treatment of causation actually corresponds to any of them. I will show that his first definition of cause, coupled with his rules by which to judge about causes and effects, contains elements that, p

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Engler, S., J. Luterbacher, F. Mauelshagen, and J. Werner. "The Irish famine of 1740–1741: causes and effects." Climate of the Past Discussions 9, no. 1 (February 15, 2013): 1013–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-1013-2013.

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Abstract. This paper advances the current debate on causes and effects of famines. Since Sen's food entitlement decline theory emerged in the 1980's, climate and environmental factors are widely excluded in famine analysis. Studying the causation and the processes of famines as well as the adaptations to it before the 20th century will enhance modern famine theories and lead to a rethinking of the role of climate/environmental aspects in current research. In our case study, the "Famine Vulnerability Analysis Model" (FVAM) serves as an explanatory model and will open up new perspectives on fami

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Pezet, Robert E. "The Dead Past Dilemma." Metaphysica 23, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mp-2021-0025.

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Abstract A temporal levels structure for temporal metaphysics is outlined and employed to convey a dilemma threatening the temporal collapse of Growing-Block Theories to their meta-temporal level. The outline further explains how Presentism occupies a privileged (default) position in that temporal levels structure. Moreover, that dilemma relies crucially on the acceptance of productive causation as explaining additions to the growing block, for which it is argued any reasonable growing-block theory should incorporate. The dilemma’s first horn considers growing-block theories where productive c

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Hofmann, Urs, and Michael Baumgartner. "Determinism and the Method of Difference." THEORIA 26, no. 2 (May 19, 2011): 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/theoria.988.

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The first part of this paper reveals a conflict between the core principles of deterministic causation and the standard method of difference, which is widely seen (and used) as a correct method of causally analyzing deterministic structures. We show that applying the method of difference to deterministic structures can give rise to causal inferences that contradict the principles of deterministic causation. The second part then locates the source of this conflict in an inference rule implemented in the method of difference according to which factors that can make a difference to investigated e

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Banihashemi, Bita, Shakil M. Khan, and Mikhail Soutchanski. "From Actions to Programs as Abstract Actual Causes." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 5 (June 28, 2022): 5470–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20485.

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Causality plays a central role in reasoning about observations. In many cases, it might be useful to define the conditions under which a non-deterministic program can be called an actual cause of an effect in a setting where a sequence of programs are executed one after another. There can be two perspectives, one where at least one execution of the program leads to the effect, and another where all executions do so. The former captures a ''weak'' notion of causation and is more general than the latter stronger notion. In this paper, we give a definition of weak potential causes. Our analysis i

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Delladio, Silvia, Andrea Caputo, Alessandro Magrini, and Massimiliano Matteo Pellegrini. "Italian entrepreneurial decision-making under lockdown: the path to resilience." Management Decision 61, no. 13 (September 1, 2023): 272–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-12-2022-1746.

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PurposeThis study addresses current research gaps by integrating resilience literature with crisis management theories, focussing on SMEs. Specifically, the authors examine how the entrepreneurial decision-making process, via the interplay of causation and effectuation logic, impacts a firm's ability to respond to unpredictable events. This paper aims to present an investigation that seeks to unearth the potentially complex interplay between causation and effectuation logic in fostering organisational resilience, particularly in the face of unprecedented disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandem

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Andonovski, Nikola. "Causation and mnemonic roles: on Fernández’s Functionalism." Estudios de Filosofía, no. 64 (July 30, 2021): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.ef.n64a07.

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Debates about causation have dominated recent philosophy of memory. While causal theorists have argued that an appropriate causal connection to a past experience is necessary for remembering, their opponents have argued that this necessity condition needs to be relaxed. Recently, Jordi Fernández (2018; 2019) has attempted to provide such a relaxation. On his functionalist theory of remembering, a given state need not be caused by a past experience to qualify as a memory; it only has to realize the relevant functional role in the subject’s mental economy. In this comment, I argue that Fernánd

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Gad ELhak, Seham A., Abdel Aziz A. Ghanem, Hassan AbdelGhaffar, Sahar El Dakroury, and Mohamed M. Salama. "Parkinson's Disease: Is It a Toxic Syndrome?" Neurology Research International 2010 (2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/103094.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the neurodegenerative diseases which we can by certainty identify its pathology, however, this confidence disappeares when talking about the cause. A long history of trials, suggestions, and theories tried linking PD to a specific causation. In this paper, a new suggestion is trying to find its way, could it be toxicology? Can we—in the future—look to PD as an occupational disease, in fact, many clues point to the possible toxic responsibility—either total or partial—in causing this disease. Searching for possible toxic causes for PD would help in designing p

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Schliesser, Eric. "Two Definitions of ‘cause,’ Newton, and The Significance of the Humean Distinction Between Natural and Philosophical Relations." Journal of Scottish Philosophy 5, no. 1 (March 2007): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jsp.2007.5.1.83.

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The main aim of this paper is to explore why it is so important for Hume to defi ne ‘cause’ as he does. This will shed light on the signifi cance of the natural/philosophical relation (hereafter NPR) distinction in the Treatise. Hume's use of the NPR distinction allows him to dismiss on general grounds conceptions of causation at odds with his own. In particular, it allows him to avoid having to engage in detailed re-interpretation of potentially confl icting theories formulated by natural philosophers. Moreover, it provides an instance of the normative nature of Hume's “science of man.” The p

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Cantone, Jason A. "Counterfactual Thinking, Causation, and Covariation in Mock Juror Assessments of Negligence: Twenty‐Five Years Later." Psychological Reports 123, no. 2 (December 14, 2018): 371–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294118816945.

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In the past three decades, researchers have examined counterfactual thinking and causation in decision making. However, little work has applied these findings to trial settings. The present research examined two conflicting theories regarding counterfactual thinking and causation to elaborate on earlier work examining counterfactual thinking in negligence law cases. The research also expanded the earlier work by examining covariation theory, additional psychological measures, and the rank order and reaction time associated with counterfactuals. Participants read a summary of a negligence case

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Portes, Alejandro. "International Migration and National Development." Sociology of Development 2, no. 2 (2016): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sod.2016.2.2.73.

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This article reviews theoretical perspectives on migration and development, starting with nineteenth-century political economy theories focused on “colonizing” migrations from England and other European powers and concluding with the emerging literature on immigrant transnationalism and its consequences for sending nations. The general concept of equilibrium has until currently dominated orthodox economic theories of both colonizing and labor migrations from peripheral regions to advanced nations. The counteroffensive, led by Gunnar Myrdal and theorists of the dependency school, centered on th

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Zimring, Franklin E., and Jefferey Fagan. "The Search for Causes in an Era of Crime Declines: Some Lessons from the Study of New York City Homicide." Crime & Delinquency 46, no. 4 (October 2000): 446–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128700046004002.

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This article addresses the problem of testing the effects of particular policies on crime rates in an era of general down trends. One illustration of that problem is our recent finding that rates of non-gun homicide had been declining substantially in New York City for 8 years prior to any significant change in policing and could not plausibly be caused by these later events. The article contrasts three different “controls” for time trend effects, naive cross-sectional controls, detailed models of crime causation, and qualitative checks that examine whether the details of crime patterns are ch

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Xie, Zhenyu, and Benhong Peng. "A Framework for Resilient City Governance in Response to Sudden Weather Disasters: A Perspective Based on Accident Causation Theories." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 28, 2023): 2387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032387.

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With climate change, urban resilience is becoming a critical concept for helping cities withstand disasters and accidents. However, current research often focuses on concept identification, leaving a gap between concept and implementation. This study aims to investigate the lack of urban resilience in the face of sudden weather disasters, with a focus on the inadequate capacity of urban systems to effectively govern such events. The Zhengzhou subway flooding accident on 20 July 2021, serves as a case study for this research, and the accident causation theories, such as the Swiss cheese model,

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Kaur, Gurkiran, Garima Kumari, and Suman Sharma. "Functional Matrix Hypothesis: A Review of Literature." Science Progress and Research 1, no. 2 (April 4, 2021): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.52152/spr/2021.115.

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Craniofacial growth is a complex process. Most of the treatment approaches have been based on the fundamental biological mechanisms involved in the growth and development of craniofacial bones and teeth. The exact mechanism which controls cranio facial growth has been a matter of debate and research for years together. The concept that “forms follow function” was first proposed by Vander Klaaw. Functional matrix hypothesis (F.M.H.) is actually an extension of this concept given by Moss. F.M.H. includes a functional matrix and skeletal units. Capsule is an envelope that contains functional cran

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Ruggiero, Vincenzo. "Hypotheses on the causes of financial crime." Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-02-2019-0021.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the aftermath of the 2006-07 financial crisis and attempts to identify a range of causes that were responsible for it and are likely to trigger similar events in the future. The analytical tradition established by the study of white-collar crime provides the background for such an examination, which avails itself of some conceptualisations derived from classical economic thought. Design/methodology/approach Explanations of financial crime can resort to general theories based on allegedly universal values. They can posit the existence of criminalo

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Kremling, Alexander. "Handlungstheoretischer Interventionismus und Modelle." KRITERION – Journal of Philosophy 1, no. 28 (January 1, 2014): 98–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/krt-2014-012808.

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Abstract The “model argument” against action-theories of causation is a reply to a strategy for avoiding the “argument of unmanipulable causes”. The critics follow the action-theorists in a certain shift of topic - leaving the explication debate towards one of justified assertion of causal claims - and end up at a wrong position concerning the role of practical knowledge for justifying causal claims about events that are not under technical control. Following them the justification would take the form of “analogy arguments“, which can not guarantee the truth of the conclusion in a non-circular

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Aamir, Momin Shahzad. "An Introduction and Historical Background of Concept of Akhlat (Humour)." International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 2, no. 4 (August 29, 2018): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v2i4.54.

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Humoral theory, also known as theory of akhlat is a key concept in Unani System of Medicine. It was originated in Ancient Greece and later developed by Galen and Arabic Physicians. The theory was central to the teachings of Greco Arabic medicine and it became the dominant theory in Europe for many centuries. It remained a major influence on medical practice and teaching until eighteenth century. The theory was first postulated by Hippocrates in his treatise On the Nature of Man. The method of approach of these early thinkers was to look for natural explanations for human physiology and disease

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Coman, Alina, Finn Skårderud, and Bjørn M. Hofmann. "A Disorder of a Vulnerable Self: Anorexia Nervosa Patients’ Understanding of Disorder and Self in the Context of fMRI Brain Scanning." Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 15, no. 2 (2013): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1559-4343.15.2.120.

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In this article, we aim to explore patient perspectives regarding the etiology of anorexia nervosa (AN) in the context of participating in brain research for AN. This is a qualitative study using semistructured interviews with 12 young AN patients. Data were analyzed according to thematic analysis method. This study shows that patients’ language used to express their understanding of the etiology of AN was characterized by psychological terms such as personality, self-esteem, control, and coping rather than neuroscientific terms.Participants held a complex understanding of the causes of AN, ac

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Joshi, Devin. "An Integrated Theory of Happiness: The Yang Zhu Chapter of the Liezi." Journal of Daoist Studies 17, no. 1 (2024): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dao.2024.a920713.

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Abstract: This article examines the integrated approach to theorizing happiness in the Yang Zhu chapter of the book associated with the Daoist master Liezi. While ancient critics famously denounced Yang Zhu as an amoral, pleasure-seeking hedonist, I argue the Yang Zhu chapter offers an individually rational but socially non-conformist approach to well-being of considerable relevance to contemporary scholarship on happiness. Not only does the chapter offer an intriguing and counter-intuitive argument about what constitutes and causes well-being, but its philosophical implications address a larg

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Osimani, Barbara. "Causing something to be one way rather than another." Kybernetes 43, no. 6 (May 27, 2014): 865–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-07-2013-0149.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to suggest a definition of genetic information by taking into account the debate surrounding it. Particularly, the objections raised by Developmental Systems Theory (Griffiths, 2001; Oyama 1985; Griffiths and Knight 1998) to Teleosemantic endorsements of the notion of genetic information (Sterelny et al. 1996; Maynard Smith, 2000; Jablonka, 2002) as well as deflationist approaches which suggest to ascribe the notion of genetic information a heuristic value at most, and to reduce it to that of causality (Godfrey-Smith, 2000; Boniolo, 2003, 2008). Design/me

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Braun, Caelesta, Jorren Scherpenisse, Martijn van der Steen, and Mark J. W. van Twist. "On the forces of policy change and joint causation: insights from the banker’s bonus case." International Review of Administrative Sciences 83, no. 4 (July 9, 2016): 738–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852315599046.

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One of the few robust findings in the public policy literature is that policy dynamics are both a function of stability and volatility. And although most theories of public policy making posit the occurrence of policy junctures as necessary conditions for significant change, studies that set out to unravel the underlying mechanisms of such policy junctures remain relatively rare. This article further develops the idea of policy junctures, commonly hypothesized to initiate significant change, as essentially entailing joint causation. We illustrate the joint and reinforcing nature of forces of c

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Humphrey, Emily. "Chiari malformations in adults: their surgical and nursing management." British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing 15, no. 3 (June 2, 2019): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjnn.2019.15.3.130.

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There are two categories of Chiari malformations that occur in adults: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 Chiari malformations are conditions where the bottommost parts of the back of the brain (called the cerebellar tonsils) descend below the skull and enter the spinal canal—the space around the spinal cord. In type 2 Chiari malformations, more of the brain descends below the skull. This means that, as well as the cerebellar tonsils, the lower section of the brainstem (the medulla) and the brain's lowermost fluid-filled cavity, the fourth ventricle, also descend. The descending structures cause pressu

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Conner, Nathan O., Hannah R. Freeman, J. Adam Jones, Tony Luczak, Daniel Carruth, Adam C. Knight, and Harish Chander. "Virtual Reality Induced Symptoms and Effects: Concerns, Causes, Assessment & Mitigation." Virtual Worlds 1, no. 2 (November 1, 2022): 130–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/virtualworlds1020008.

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The utilization of commercially available virtual reality (VR) environments has increased over the last decade. Motion sickness that is commonly reported while using VR devices is still prevalent and reported at a higher than acceptable rate. The virtual reality induced symptoms and effects (VRISE) are considered the largest barrier to widespread usage. Current measurement methods have uniform use across studies but are subjective and are not designed for VR. VRISE and other motion sickness symptom profiles are similar but not exactly the same. Common objective physiological and biomechanical

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Ackerman, Sara L., Katherine Weatherford Darling, Sandra Soo-Jin Lee, Robert A. Hiatt, and Janet K. Shim. "The Ethics of Translational Science: Imagining Public Benefit in Gene-Environment Interaction Research." Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 3 (June 29, 2017): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.17351/ests2017.152.

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Biomedical research is increasingly informed by expectations of “translation,” which call for the production of scientific knowledge that can be used to create services and products that improve health outcomes. In this paper, we ask how translation, in particular the idea of social responsibility, is understood and enacted in the post-genomic life sciences. Drawing on theories examining what constitutes “good science,” and interviews with 35 investigators who study the role of gene-environment interactions in the etiology of cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, we describe the dynami

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Mishalov, Volodymyr, Oleh Fylypchuk, Viktor Bachynskyi, and Hryhorii Kryvda. "Forensic examination orthodox causation in the aspect of system approach." Forensic-medical examination, no. 2 (November 20, 2015): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.2.2015.5.

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In the article presents the literature review some of controversial issues causal analysis in the present practice of forensic examination. Proposed a systematic approach as innovative logic- philosophical instrument improvement of orthodox causal analysis.The solution of many practical problems and research expert forensic natural connections depends on the choice of logical and philosophical model of causality. Descriptive and explanatory function of scientific theories led to historically there are two main types of models of causality in philosophy, general pathology and forensics: a) evol

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Jacobs, David H., and David Cohen. "The End of Neo-Kraepelinism." Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 14, no. 2 (2012): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1559-4343.14.2.87.

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In 1980, the American Psychiatric Association asserted that its subject matter was straightforwardly medical and created a diagnostic manual—Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed.; DSM-III)—consisting of supposedly discrete and independent mental disorders based on what were meant to be low-inference, easily observed sets of symptoms. It was taken for granted that such mental disorders existed and that biological research over time would unearth their specific somatic causes. The idea was to purge psychiatric diagnosis of jargon and unverified and unverifiable psychosoc

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PADMANABHAN, SANDOSH, CLAIRE HASTIE, CHRISTOPHER A. SAINSBURY, MARTIN W. MCBRIDE, JOHN M. CONNELL, and ANNA F. DOMINICZAK. "THE CAT, THE FLY AND THE BEETLE — WHY GENETICS NEEDS A SEMANTIC EDUCATION." International Journal of Semantic Computing 03, no. 01 (March 2009): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x09000665.

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Major advances have been made in the understanding of the genetic basis of diseases since Mendel's publication of the results of plant breeding experiments in 1866. To date these advances have been largely confined to the monogenic disorders — caused by mutations in a single gene. The public-health implications of these advances is relatively limited. In this review we explore our current understanding of the genetic basis of human traits and the reasons why current theories may account for the difficulties in identifying the genes for common diseases. We then postulate that semantic computing

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Yu, Kimberley, and Madeline Chadehumbe. "A rare pediatric case of cluster headaches after cardiac catheterization in a patient with an isolated innominate artery." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 9 (January 2021): 2050313X2110236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x211023679.

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While cluster headaches are classified and considered a primary headache disorder, secondary causes of cluster headaches have been reported and may provide insight into cluster headaches’ potential pathophysiology. The mechanisms underlying this headache phenotype are poorly understood, and several theories have been proposed that range from the activation within the posterior hypothalamus to autonomic tone dysfunction. We provide a review of reported cases in the literature describing secondary causes after cardiac procedures. We will present a novel pediatric case report of a 16-year-old boy

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Sultanova, Natalia, Halyna Lemko, and Oksana Voroshchuk. "PREVENTION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN DISADVANTAGED FAMILIES." Mountain School of Ukrainian Carpaty, no. 29 (December 11, 2023): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/msuc.2023.29.31-35.

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In the article, the authors determined the relevance of the problem of violence against women and its prevention in dysfunctional families; the ways of social assistance to them and prevention of complications of the consequences of violence in the family are revealed. The content of the definition of "disadvantage" of the family and its status, which is revealed due to the connection with the specific situation of the functioning of the family and its individual members, have been clarified. The authors also characterized the phenomenon of violence against women in terms of physical, psycholo

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Majumder, Bijita, and Sukalyan Ray. "Doctrines of Different Philosophical Schools Regarding the Theory of Cause & Effect and Their Validation in Light of Charaka Samhita." Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jahm.2022.8207.

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Right from the inception of Ayurveda, through its development across the ages, the fundamental principles of Ayurveda have been influenced and enriched by the thoughts and logics from different Indian philosophical schools. Among the many branches of Indian philosophical schools, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya, Vedanta and certain Buddhist schools had a great influence in building up the basic fundamental principles of Ayurveda. The theory of causality behind every action i.e. Karya Karana Vada has been adopted by the majority of Indian philosophical schools with their own unique explanation, whi

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Donason, Addy D. "Transitive and Intransitive Selection Processes and Their Effects." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 68, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 9–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2023-0001.

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Abstract Karen Neander’s (1991a, b) Selected Effects (SE) theory of biological proper functions argues that the function of a trait is the action for which it was “caused” to be selected by natural selection. Her life’s work has already left a lasting impact, however SE theory has yet to be more properly formalized as a conceptual analysis of biological functions. Although other SE theories have sought to build upon Neander’s work (e.g., Garson, 2017), there remains an ambiguity in the theory’s use of causal descriptors. For the success of her successors, delineating the function of causality

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Wright, James R. "A Fresh Look at the History of SIDS." Academic Forensic Pathology 7, no. 2 (June 2017): 146–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.23907/2017.017.

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Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) became a named entity in 1969 and the term has been used to certify sudden unexpected infant deaths meeting certain demographic, epidemiologic, and pathologic criteria. Since it is a diagnosis of exclusion, there is inherent imprecision, and this has led the National Association of Medical Examiners to recommend that these deaths now be classified as “undetermined.” This historical review article briefly analyzes anecdotal instances of SIDS described centuries ago as overlying, smothering, infanticide, and suffocation by bedclothes followed by a more detaile

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Ng, K. H., M. Agius, and R. Zaman. "Effect of the worldwide crises on mental health." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72268-4.

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The events that unfolded towards the end of 2008 led to the worst global economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. While the economic and political implications have been studied in detail, the impact on health – especially that of mental health – has received much less attention. This essay aims to achieve a critical evaluation of causality (or lack thereof) between an economic crisis and mental health, using a combination of psychological theories, statistical review and common logic.From a theoretical perspective, establishing the value-laden concept of mental health is core

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Ng, K. H., M. Agius, and R. Zaman. "The effects of the economic crisis on mental health." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72369-0.

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The events that unfolded towards the end of 2008 led to the worst global economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. While the economic and political implications have been studied in detail, the impact on health - especially that of mental health - has received much less attention. This poster aims to achieve a critical evaluation of causality (or lack thereof) between an economic crisis and mental health, using a combination of psychological theories, statistical review and common logic.From a theoretical perspective, establishing the value-laden concept of mental health is core

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P.K, Jyothi. "Endometriosis an Ayurvedic View." International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga 05, no. 09 (2022): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47223/irjay.2022.5921.

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Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen dependent condition characterized by the ectopic implantation of functional tissue lining of uterus. The exact cause of endometriosis is not detected yet even though there are some theories which explain the pathogenesisof endometriosis. Retrograde menstruation and Coelomic metaplasia theories are included under this. Based on the site of appearance classification of endometriosis can be done as pelvic, extra pelvic and remote. Appearance of endometrial tissue in myometrium is termed as adenomyosis and endometriotic deep lesions in ovary is Endometrioma. The

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Verina, Galina V. "Causal relationship and other causal dependences in careless crimes." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 3 (2022): 322–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2022-6-3-322-330.

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Introduction: in modern realities, the criminal law concept of the necessary causation ceases to be universal, which causes serious concern for scientists and initiates cognitive processes in this legal space. The raised set of scientific and applied issues, due, among other things, to the rapid development of digitalization and artificial intelligence, the integration of new technologies in all spheres of life, accumulates the most important theoretical and applied problem of cause-and-effect relationship and other causal dependencies between a socially dangerous act and a socially dangerous

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Knott, Evan Thomas. "What Might a Theory of Causation Do for Sport?" Philosophies 4, no. 2 (June 18, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies4020034.

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The purpose of this research is to articulate how a theory of causation might be serviceable to a theory of sport. This article makes conceptual links between Bernard Suits’ theory of game-playing, causation, and theories of causation. It justifies theories of causation while drawing on connections between sport and counterfactuals. It articulates the value of theories of causation while emphasizing possible limitations. A singularist theory of causation is found to be more broadly serviceable with particular regard to its analysis of sports.

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Kumar, Shrawan. "Theories of musculoskeletal injury causation." Ergonomics 44, no. 1 (January 2001): 17–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00140130120716.

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Khudaykulov, Feruzbek Khurramovich. "CONCEPTS OF CAUSATION IN CRIMINAL LAW: PROBLEMS, ANALYSIS AND SOLUTIONS." International Journal of Advance Scientific Research 03, no. 06 (June 1, 2023): 276–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijasr-03-06-48.

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The article widely uses logical, inductive, deductive, systematic, logical-legal, comparative-legal research methods. In particular, it was noted that the issue of causation in the institutions of general and special parts of criminal law is very complicated and there are many problems with it. In the theory of criminal law, scientists put forward eleven theories of causation in their scientific works, and the content of the most important of them is analyzed in this article, as well as specific shortcomings of theories of causation are recognized. The scientific views and researches of scient

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GARCÍA-ENCINAS, María José. "Transference, or identity theories of causation?" THEORIA 19, no. 1 (January 6, 2004): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/theoria.600.

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I argue that transference is, ultimately, (non-relational) identity over time, and that (non-relational) identity over time can't possibly be causation. Transference, then, fails as an analysis of causation.

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Frankel, Marvin E. "Causation and lawyers' causes." Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 6, no. 2 (June 1986): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-2300(86)90025-5.

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Sawin, Clark T. "THEORIES OF CAUSATION OF GRAVES' DISEASE." Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 27, no. 1 (March 1998): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70298-x.

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Moors, Agnes. "Theories of emotion causation: A review." Cognition & Emotion 23, no. 4 (June 2009): 625–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699930802645739.

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