Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Causal relationship models'
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Hagerty, Nicholas L. "Bayesian Network Modeling of Causal Relationships in Polymer Models." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1619009432971036.
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Tringides, Constantinos A. "Alternative formulations of joint model systems of departure time choice and mode choice for non-work trips." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000240.
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Kasperskaya, Yulia. "Essays on causal performance measurement models." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7348.
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La tesis trata de los modelos de gestión modernos de naturaleza causal, entre los que destaca el Cuadro de Mando Integral (CMI). En primer lugar, se presenta un análisis conceptual su supuesto central, las relaciones causa-efecto. En segundo lugar, se ofrece un análisis estadístico de los supuestos del CMI. En tercer lugar, a partir dos casos de estudio de ayuntamientos, se compara y analiza la implementación del CMI en las organizaciones. El análisis conceptual indica que la complejidad, la incertidumbre y el carácter dinámico del entorno pueden obstaculizar la elaboración de modelos válidos de causa-efecto. Los resultados del análisis estadístico no permiten confirmar la hipótesis de existencia de relaciones estables en el CMI. Finalmente, el análisis de los casos sugiere que las organizaciones pueden recurrir a diversas tácticas y escenarios para implementar el CMI y enfatiza la influencia que las rutinas y normas establecidas en las organizaciones ejercen en ello.This dissertation address a number of research questions related to causal performance measurement models, such as the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). First, we provide an analytical discussion on the topic of the cause-and-effect relationships in these models. Second, we test of the BSC assumptions on empirical data coming from the dynamic enterprises. Third, we compare and analyze the BSC adoption by two city councils. The conceptual analysis indicates that dynamic, complex and uncertain environment and the cognitive limitations of managers may greatly challenge the elaboration of valid causal models. Our statistical results give little support to the existence of stable BSC links. Our case studies findings show diverse organizational rationalities behind the BSC adoption in organizations and the importance of the existing rules and routines.
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Ye, Xin. "Development of models for understanding causal relationships among activity and travel variables." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001842.
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Dobransky, Nicole Denise. "OPTIMIZING LEARNING THROUGH TEACHER-STUDENT RELATIONSHIPS: A TEST OF THE CAUSAL PROCESS STUDENT UNDERSTANDING MODEL." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/959.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2008.Title from document title page (viewed on January 26, 2009). Document formatted into pages; contains: vii, 99 p. : ill. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-96).
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Campbell, Lucy Jane. "Statistical models for time to event outcomes and determination of causal relationships in an observational HIV/TB study." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6570.
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Lamberts, Monique. "The relationship between stress levels and job satisfaction amongst high school educators in De Aar (Northern Cape)." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2086_1363786447.
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A large number of studies show that educators are exposed to workloads that result particularly in stress. According to Olivier and Venter (2003), stress is considered to be the main factor contributing to job-related illnesses, early retirement, job dissatisfaction and absenteeism. Teaching, has without a doubt become a more demanding and stressful job. The lack of discipline in schools, abolishment of corporal punishment, large pupilteacher ratios and a new curriculum approach all contribute to raising the stress levels of teachers (Ngidi &
Sibaya, 2002). Stanton, Bachiochi, Robie, Perez and Smith (2002 cited in Brewer &
McMahan-Landers, 2003) is of the view that job stress is an antecedent of job satisfaction but the two constructs have been treated as related, yet they are different. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between stress levels and job satisfaction amongst high school educators in De Aar as well as to
determine whether biographical variables (namely, gender, age, tenure, marital status and number of children) have an impact on job satisfaction and stress levels. The researcher hopes that
the findings would give the Department of Education in the Northern Cape an idea of the stress levels and job satisfaction experienced by high school educators in De Aar so that interventions can be implemented to issues proactively. The sample consisted of 86 educators employed at four high schools in De Aar. A biographical questionnaire, the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) and Stress Diagnostic Survey (SDS) were administered to assess respondents&rsquo
stress and job satisfaction levels. Informed consent was obtained from the various participants and anonymity of participation was ensured. Statistical analyses included inferential (Pearson&rsquo
s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, Analysis of Variance &
T-Tests) as well as descriptive statistics. The results of the study
indicate that there is a statistically significant, inverse relationship between stress levels and job satisfaction amongst high school educators in De Aar. Furthermore, the results indicate that there
are statistically significant differences in stress levels as well as job satisfaction of high school educators on the basis of their biographical characteristics. The chapter concludes with presenting limitations of the study and putting forth recommendations for future research.
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Lance, Charles E. "Evaluation of competing models of the causal relationships among job satisfaction and organizational commitment as precursors to voluntary employee turnover." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29210.
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Brunelli, Renata Trevisan. "Análise do impacto de perturbações sobre medidas de qualidade de ajuste para modelos de equações estruturais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45133/tde-24032013-123415/.
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A Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (SEM, do inglês Structural Equation Modeling) é uma metodologia multivariada que permite estudar relações de causa/efeito e correlação entre um conjunto de variáveis (podendo ser elas observadas ou latentes), simultaneamente. A técnica vem se difundindo cada vez mais nos últimos anos, em diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Uma de suas principais aplicações é na conrmação de modelos teóricos propostos pelo pesquisador (Análise Fatorial Conrmatória). Existem diversas medidas sugeridas pela literatura que servem para avaliar o quão bom está o ajuste de um modelo de SEM. Entretanto, é escassa a quantidade de trabalhos na literatura que listem relações entre os valores de diferentes medidas com possíveis problemas na amostra e na especicação do modelo, isto é, informações a respeito de que possíveis problemas desta natureza impactam quais medidas (e quais não), e de que maneira. Tal informação é importante porque permite entender os motivos pelos quais um modelo pode estar sendo considerado mal-ajustado. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar como diferentes perturbações na amostragem, especicação e estimação de um modelo de SEM podem impactar as medidas de qualidade de ajuste; e, além disso, entender se o tamanho da amostra influencia esta resposta. Simultaneamente, também se avalia como tais perturbações afetam as estimativas, dado que há casos de perturbações em que os parâmetros continuam sendo bem ajustados, mesmo com algumas medidas indicando um mau ajuste; ao mesmo tempo, há ocasiões em que se indica um bom ajuste, enquanto que os parâmetros são estimados de forma distorcida. Tais investigações serão realizadas a partir de simulações de exemplos de amostras de diferentes tamanhos para cada tipo de perturbação. Então, diferentes especicações de modelos de SEM serão aplicados a estas amostras, e seus parâmetros serão estimados por dois métodos diferentes: Mínimos Quadrados Generalizados e Máxima Verossimilhança. Conhecendo tais resultados, um pesquisador que queira aplicar a técnica de SEM poderá se precaver e, dentre as medidas de qualidade de ajuste disponíveis, optar pelas que mais se adequem às características de seu estudo.The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is a multivariate methodology that allows the study of cause-and-efect relationships and correlation of a set of variables (that may be observed or latent ones), simultaneously. The technique has become more diuse in the last years, in different fields of knowledge. One of its main applications is on the confirmation of theoretical models proposed by the researcher (Confirmatory Factorial Analysis). There are several measures suggested by literature to measure the goodness of t of a SEM model. However, there is a scarce number of texts that list relationships between the values of different of those measures with possible problems that may occur on the sample or the specication of the SEM model, like information concerning what problems of this nature impact which measures (and which not), and how does the impact occur. This information is important because it allows the understanding of the reasons why a model could be considered bad fitted. The objective of this work is to investigate how different disturbances of the sample, the model specification and the estimation of a SEM model are able to impact the measures of goodness of fit; additionally, to understand if the sample size has influence over this impact. It will also be investigated if those disturbances affect the estimates of the parameters, given the fact that there are disturbances for which occurrence some of the measures indicate badness of fit but the parameters are not affected; at the same time, that are occasions on which the measures indicate a good fit and there are disturbances on the estimates of the parameters. Those investigations will be made simulating examples of different size samples for which type of disturbance. Then, SEM models with different specifications will be fitted to each sample, and their parameters will be estimated by two dierent methods: Generalized Least Squares and Maximum Likelihood. Given those answers, a researcher that wants to apply the SEM methodology to his work will be able to be more careful and, among the available measures of goodness of fit, to chose those that are more adequate to the characteristics of his study.
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Islam, Muhammad Saiful. "Modelling cost overrun risks in power plant projects." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/125508/1/Muhammad%20Saiful_Islam_Thesis.pdf.
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Cost overruns in power plant projects frequently occur, and this very alarming phenomenon requires proper risk assessment and management in the early phase of power plant project development. A modified fuzzy group decision-making approach (FGDMA) was developed and the critical risks in different phases of thermal power plant project were identified. Further, a novel fuzzy canonical model (FCM) was developed and the complex causal risk-networks were modelled to understand the root causes of cost overruns. The benefits of this research to practitioners are such that it provides greater understanding of the risks involved in power plant projects and sound analytical methods to asses the risks.
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Jacobson, Dana. "An Examination of the relationship between Marzano's Causal Teacher Evaluation Model and student achievement at nine high schools in a large suburban school district in Central Florida." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5804.
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This study focused on the relationship between student achievement and teacher evaluation during the first year of implementation of the Marzano Causal Teacher Evaluation model in a large suburban school district in Central Florida. The population included high school level teachers and students. Teacher evaluation and performance data were collected and analyzed for relationships using Spearman Rho and Chi-Square Analysis. Variables reviewed included: (a) Marzano's Causal Teacher Evaluation Model iObservation protocol, (b) categorized teacher years of experience, (c) student growth scores based on a teacher's student success on statewide assessments as calculated using VAM or an administered pre- and posttest, (d) school reported teacher demographics on school improvement plans and (e) historical 9th- and 10th-grade student achievement data on FCAT 2.0 Reading and 9th- grade student achievement data on the Algebra 1 End-of-Course (EOC) Examinations.Ed.D.
Doctorate
Teaching, Learning, and Leadership
Education and Human Performance
Educational Leadership; Executive
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Mohammed, Rukn Eldeen. "An exploratory system dynamics model to investigate the relationships between errors that occur in construction documents in Saudi Arabia and their possible causes." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2168.
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The aim of the thesis is to reduce the occurrence of errors in construction documents by developing a theoretical model to capture the dynamics of processes that define the relationship between the factors causing errors in construction documents. The research justified a mixed-mode research approach and the use of system dynamics as the modelling tool. Different types of errors in construction documents were identified that can be classified as follows, starting with the most serious: the erroneous; omissions; failure to conform to design parameters; failure to follow procedures; coordination problems; failure to address operability and constructability issues; and finally, the difficulty of biddability. Also factors affecting the occurrence of errors in construction documents were identified and classified. The classification was based on individual and includes project management, designer, client, and project characters. Using System Dynamics modelling tools each factor has been concluded, with experts’ validated causal analysis diagrams that explain the highly dynamic relationship between the factors and the element(s) having a direct influence on the occurrence of errors in construction documents, using prior theoretical knowledge extracted from the literature, case-study projects and interviews. The developed model simulated the occurrence and behaviour of errors while producing construction documents. The focus of the model is based on an understanding of the internal mechanism of the occurrence of these errors, to avoid placing blame in favour of finding the true, long-term solution to a problem. Measuring the model's behaviour and using sensitivity tests for the correctly solved errors revealed two types of behaviour: one where the model shows reasonable behaviour up to a certain drop in the value of the factors, and the second where the model is under full control of the value of the factors when this value drops below 10%. Among the most sensitive factors were the designer’s previous experience, the designer’s education, the experience of the designer with similar projects, and the factor of the designer’s reputation. These findings were validated and supported by case study projects. The model can be used as a valuable tool in communicating the impact of complex structures on the behaviour of errors in construction documents, and has created opportunities for expanding the study of project dynamics in several potentially valuable directions. This research points to ways of improving performance through improved understanding of the occurrence and structure of errors in construction documents.
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Dorville, Maxime. "The Influence of Images of Climate Change Causes, Consequences, and Solutions on the Relationships Between Pro-Environmental Motivation and Change in the Intentions to Engage in Pro-Environmental Behaviors: A Comparison of Motivational Frameworks." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41565.
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Some human actions are linked to the decline of the environment on a planetary scale. In order to motivate individuals to adopt pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs), it is important to understand how individuals react when exposed to persuasive messages. The goal of this program of research was to examine the influence of images of climate change causes, consequences, and solutions on the relationships between environmental motivation, psychological discomfort, discomfort compensation strategies, as well as changes in pro-environmental attitude and PEBs. In Study 1 (N = 199), I identified visual stimuli (pictures) depicting causes, consequences or solutions to global warming to be used in Study 2. Also, I examined the relationship between environmental motivation and competency on the perception of these pictures. The results indicated that the pictures depicting causes or consequences were perceived more negatively than pictures depicting solutions. In addition, findings showed that regardless of the individual’s perceived level of environmental competence and their type of motivation towards PEBs, individuals had a negative perception of pictures depicting causes and consequences to global warming as well as a positive perception of pictures related to solutions to global warming. In Study 2 (N = 312), I examined the relationships between environmental motivation, psychological discomfort, discomfort compensation strategies, as well as changes in pro-environmental attitude and PEBs following the exposition to images identified in Study 1. Three models based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT), Action-Based Model, and the Hierarchical Action-Based model of Inconsistency Compensation in the Environment (HABICE) domain were examined. The results indicated that exposure to pictures alone is not enough to generate a significant change in pro-environmental attitude or PEBs. The findings showed that the SDT model was best suited to explain the process leading to PEBs changes when exposed to pictures depicting causes of global warming. Finally, the results indicated that the HABICE model was best suited to explain changes in pro-environmental attitude when individuals are exposed to pictures depicting consequences. The HABICE was also a good model to explain the relationships among the different variables when individuals are exposed to pictures depicting solutions to global warming. Overall, this program of research contributed to both SDT and the HABICE models by supporting their conceptual framework.
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Mauritzson, Maja, and Schewen Lina von. "”Anledningen: Hon hade träffat en annan man och ville skilja sig” : En textanalys av tidningsartiklars beskrivningar av mäns våld mot kvinnor." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-39397.
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Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur artiklar från två välkända svenskakvällstidningar beskriver det våld som män brukar mot kvinnor i nära relationer. Vidare har det undersökts vilka orsaksförklaringar tidningsartiklar använder för att beskriva mäns våld mot kvinnor. En kvalitativ textanalys har genomförts där resultatet har tematiserats med teoretisk ansats genom socioekologiska modellen och Socialstyrelsens definition av våld i nära relationer. Media har visat sig ha en betydande roll för människors förståelse av sociala problem. Det som beskrivs i media blir ofta människors verklighet, därför är det av betydelse att media ger en rättvis och korrekt bild av det stora och utbredda fenomen som våld i nära relationer utgör. Resultatet indikerar att fysiskt våld är den vanligast förekommande typ av våld som beskrivs av tidningsartiklar. Vidare skildrar studien att flest tidningsartiklar beskriver orsaker till mäns våld mot kvinnor med ett strukturellt perspektiv. Endast en av alla inkluderade tidningsartiklar beskriver mäns våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer genom den socioekologiska modellens alla fyra perspektiv. Modellen som i enlighet med Socialstyrelsen är av stor vikt för att få en helhetsbeskrivning av mäns våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer.The aim of this study was to investigate how articles from two well-known Swedish evening newspapers describe the violence that men use against women in close relationships. Furthermore, the study examined which causal explanations the newspaper articles use in the descriptions of the violence. This is done through a qualitative text analysis of newspaper articles' descriptions of violence. The results of the study have been thematized with a theoretical approach through the socio-ecological model and the National Board of Health and Welfare's definition of violence in close relationships. The media has proven to play a significant role in helping people understand social issues as what is described in the media often becomes people's reality. Therefore, it is important that the media provide a fair and correct picture of the large and widespread phenomenon that violence in close relationships constitutes. The results show that physical violence is the most described violence of newspaper articles. Furthermore, most causes of men's violence against women are described by newspaper articles with a structural perspective. Only one of all included newspaper articles describes men's violence against women in close relationships through all four perspectives of the socioecological model. The model which, in accordance with the National Board of Health and Welfare, is of great importance for obtaining a comprehensive description of men's violence against women in close relationships.
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Tiurina, Mariia. "Analýza kauzálního vztahu mezi kardiovaskulárními signály." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399617.
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Application of the non-invasive methods to detection of the baroreflex sensitivity is a correct way to evaluate the functions of cardiovascular system. This master’s thesis describes the theoretical informations about the problem of baroreflex sensitivity from anatomical, patalogical and clinical views. Theoretical knowledges are foundation for mathematical description of some methods to detection of baroreflx sensitivity in time, frequency and information dimensions. In the practical part of the master’s theses are presented two methods of BRS detection – sequence method based on finding the specific sequences of time series signals and method of application bivariante autoregressive model. Both of methods are implemented in MATLAB. The results of testing data on real data are discussed.
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Islam, Md Tazul. "Unraveling the relationship between trip chaining and mode choice using Structural Equation Models." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1127.
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Trip chaining and mode choice are two important travel behavior decisions in activity-based travel demand modeling system. The hierarchy of these two decisions influences models predictive capability and policy sensitivity. This thesis is aimed at investigating the hierarchical relationship between these decisions and also the effects of socio-demographic characteristics on them. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique is used for this investigation. A six week travel diary data collected in Thurgau, Switzerland in 2003 is used for model estimation. Model estimation results show that for work-tour, trip chain and mode choice decisions are simultaneous and it remains consistent across the six weeks. For weekdays non-work tour, mode choice precedes trip chain whereas for weekends non-work tour trip chain precedes mode choice. The investigation of the effect of a number of socio-demographic characteristics on trip chaining and mode choice behaviors is also found useful for better understanding of these behaviors.Transportation Engineering
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Xiao, Zun-Cai, and 蕭俊財. "The Causal Relationship Model Environmental Uncertainty,Manufacturing Flexibility and Business Performance." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80621579411607974381.
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LI-CHEN, YEH, and 葉禮振. "Analysis of the causal relationship between international stock market by multiple regression model." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42200936108449473439.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
工業工程與管理系
103
In recent years, changed in Chinese stock markets for the world's financial environment influence, attracted attention of Chinese growth, cooperated with the gradual opening of cross-strait financial, and appear many financial products. Forecasting the stock has been the hottest topic for investors, but high return is also accompanied by high risk, and how to accurately predict future changes in stock prices has been the concern to investor's target. Therefore, this study examines global stock market rank each country's the best-performing and worst-performing with stock price rise-and-fall for the impact of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock, and Yuanta/P-shares Taiwan Top 50 of daily stock price rise-and-fall for this study's topic. The daily data found out the variable of higher relationship to develop more immediate relevance judgments rising. For each country's the best-performing and worst-performing with stock price rise-and-fall, and Taiwan 50 with stock price rise-and-fall of historical data, to forecast short-term future of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock by SPSS multiple regression model. The main results indicate that the global stock market rank each country's the best-performing and worst-performing with stock price rise-and-fall, and Yuanta/P-shares Taiwan Top 50 of daily stock price rise-and-fall significant impact of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock. This study result of forecasting future stock price rise-and-fall will provide reference to investors. Then to develop investment strategies, it means that investors can invest Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock through the global international financial information to get return.
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Burhanzoi, Ajmal S. "A decade of clarity or confusion? : an empirical study of the causal relationships between the US counter-insurgency and counter-narcotics policies in Afghanistan." 2012. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1666206.
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Chen, Yu-chuan, and 陳佑全. "The study of the Causal and Moderating Relationships for the Performance Model of Virtual Organization." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82951740933646184098.
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博士國立雲林科技大學
資訊管理系博士班
99
This paper aimed to investigate the causal and moderating relationships for the performance model of virtual organization. We used the random sampling method to select the co-operation of 3531 individual suppliers for nearly 250 business groups as the research objectives. We also used the empirical research method and questionnaire mail survey on this research. Then, we verified the research model and hypotheses using structural equation modeling analysis. The present results revealed that coordinate mechanisms had significant effect on cost mechanisms and performance of virtual organizations. The cost mechanisms had significant influences on the performance of virtual organizations. Secondly, we examined the mediating effect of cost mechanisms between coordinate mechanisms and performance of virtual organizations was obtained support. Partner Selection had a moderating effect on the coordinate mechanisms and cost mechanisms. Other hypotheses include that information technology had moderating effect on the coordinate mechanisms and cost mechanisms. Information technology also had moderating effect on the coordinate mechanisms and performance of virtual organizations. Based on a discussion on the results of this research, the virtual organizations will reduce the cost of operation to affect the performance by way of partner selection and information technology which promote communication and coordination. In addition, the findings of this research results can provide reference to perform the virtual organization of business groups of Taiwan.
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Lin, Chia-Yi, and 林佳儀. "Year 2016 Swim Across Penghu Bay participants in the recreational environment fit causal relationship integration model." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jp7es9.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
專案管理研究所
105
The purpose of this study was to validate the causal relationship integration model of the recreational environment fit of the participants in the Swim Across Penghu Bay, and to verify the causal relationship among the recreational environment fit (supply-demand fit, the capability-requirement fit), the experience of flow and the revisit intention. The population of this study was the participants in the 2016 event, and the methodology used was random sampling approach. A total of 350 questionnaires were distributed, and 350 were retrieved. Among the retrieved questionnaires, some had too much missing or illegible data, thus the total number of valid questionnaires was 310 and the recovery rate was 89%. The instrument used were recreational environment fit scale, experience of flow inventory, revisit intention questionnaire and population statistical variance scale. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent sample T test, single variance and structural equation. The study found that recreational environment fit (capability-requirement fit) had no significant effect on experience of flow, but recreational environment fit (supply-demand fit) had a significant effect on experience of flow; recreational environment fit (capability-requirement fit) had a significant effect on revisit intention, but recreational environment fit (supply-demand fit) had no significant effect on revisit intention; experience of flow had a significant impact on revisit intention. At the end, this paper provided a number of recommendations for management and future research directions.
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Lee, Chih-Hui, and 李志輝. "Causal Relationship between Volatility on Real Estate Prices and Stock Prices in China-- Application of GARCH Model." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91574766796840952706.
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碩士國立臺北大學
企業管理學系
99
Abstract There was a tremendous change of the exchange rate of the Renminbi (RMB) against USD. China’s currency, which for the previous decade had been tightly pegged at 8.28 yuan to the U.S. dollar, was revalued on July 21, 2005 to 8.11 per U.S. dollar. The revaluation of RMB/USD marked the new era of managing floating exchange rates. We are interested in the impact of the appreciation of Renminbi on stock prices and real estate prices in China since the removal of the peg. We use GARCH Model to examine causal relationships between Chinese Shanghai Stock Index and Shanghai REITs Index, from 2005/7/21 to 2010/12/31. Policy and the broader implications of the findings are discussed. The daily data is used. The results showed that the variance of estimated parameters are very significant. t shows the Shanghai stock index of volatility and the volatility of the Shanghai REITs index of the two target markets are both subject to be influenced by their own and the other’s last volatility of returns very significant. Evidence also pointed out by the Shanghai index's volatility and the volatility of the REITs index were both leading each other . The Shanghai stock index is on the large degree. By studying the results of this study is to provide investors with relevant government agencies to make appropriate investment decisions and policy and follow-up study in Taiwan.
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Huang, Hong-Der, and 黃宏德. "The Causal Relationship between Herzberg’s Two-Factor Motivation Model，Using Work Content and Self-Esteem as Intervening Variables." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97735302895250980947.
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碩士清雲科技大學
經營管理研究所
98
There were numerous studies pertaining to the need satisfaction and job performance appearing in the journal of human resource management such as Benjamin Schneider and Clayton. Arnolds and Boshogg who were stimulated by the lack of research on the causal relationship between need Satisfaction and job performance，prompted an empiricalassessment of Alderfer’s E.R.G theory with esteem valence linked to job performance. The present research is motivated by the study of Arnold and Boshoggs to examine Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory, the relationship between the two factors, with work content, and self-esteem to bridge the gap between the two factors. The cause-effect relationship is quantified by making use of the Structural Equation Modelling (S.E.M). The findings revealed very encouraging results that can be plausibly used by business managers for future management.
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Liu, Keng-Jiu, and 劉耕睿. "A Causal Model of User Self-disclosure, Internet Interpersonal Relationships and Psychological Well-being in Social Network Service Sites." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50806515660963705613.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
101
With social networking sites in recent years rapid development, the world''s largest social networking site Facebook has more than one billion membership in the world. According to the statistical data, Taiwan has more than 50% of the population using Facebook, and the average frequency of using Facebook per day is constantly rising annually. This study wants to use self-disclosure, internet interpersonal relationships, perceived success, voice, and uses and gratifications paradigm to confer the level of user psychological well-being after using Facebook. We collected 166 valid questionnaires, and the result shows (1) Psychological well-being is affected by the level of perceived success, but not affected by voice. (2) Perceived success is affected by internet interpersonal relationships, but not affected by self-disclosure. (3) Voice is affected by self-disclosure and internet interpersonal relationships.
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TENG, YU-TING, and 鄧毓廷. "The Causal Relationships Study among Crude Oil, Baltic Transportation Index and Taiwan Transportation Stock Index – An Application of VAR Model." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6jwy6w.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
企業管理學系
105
International oil prices and international freight index on the operation of the transport industry in Taiwan has a huge impact. This study explores the relationship between the North Sea Brent crude spot, the Baltic dry cargo freight index and the Taiwan transport class weighted share price index. Research data from the Taiwan Economic News (TEJ), during the period from February 2000 to June 2016, a total of 197 months of information. In this paper, we use the vector autoregressive model of time series to decompose the impact response function and the error coefficient of the vector self-regression model with the single test, the causal relationship test, and the leading and backward relationship between the three. Empirical evidence shows that crude oil prices and freight index will affect each other and will affect the Taiwan transport industry stock price index. In addition, the endogencity of the freight index is the weakest, more susceptible to the impact of crude oil, and Taiwan's transport industry share price of the endogenous nature of the strongest, that is, the Taiwan transport industry share price index in addition to the two international factors, the domestic climate factor will also affect the transport industry stock price changes.
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Wilga, Matthäus. "The role of business model Innovation in the relationship of open innovation and innovation performance in a dynamic environment." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/69617.
Full textAbstract:
Business model innovation has gained attention in research and practice, but its antecedents and other outcomes than firm performance remain underresearched. Business model innovation can happen through the introduction of new resources, which open innovation practices could pro-vide, and is an important companion of innovations, which is argued to lift their performance. Hence this study tests a potential mediation of the effect of open innovation on innovation per-formance through business model innovation and validates a claimed particular effectiveness of open innovation and business model innovation on the success of innovations in technolog-ically turbulent environments using a dataset of 471 firms from the German contribution to the European Community Innovation Survey. This paper finds that business model innovation ben-efits from the engagement of a firm in open innovation and that the use of business model innovation positively relates to the success of a firm’s innovations in both technologically stable and turbulent environments. Business model innovation furthermore facilitates the beneficial effect of open innovation on innovation performance. Finally, technological turbulence does neither moderate the relation of OI nor the one of BMI to innovation performance. The findings offer managers important insights for the success of new products as well as guidance for the effective utilization of open innovation practices.
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Marques, Ricardo Castilho Melo. "Comparação das orientações da redução dos gastos operacionais no SEE à luz do modelo VBM." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/16937.
Full textAbstract:
Numa envolvente macroeconómica bastante atribulada, a necessidade de perfomances mais eficazes torna-se bastante importante para as empresas. Neste sentido, a Administração do Porto de Aveiro, S.A. tal como todas as outras empresas do setor público empresarial receberam orientações de austeridade por parte do Estado, o que torna importante conhecer o impacto dessas mesmas orientações no desempenho organizacional. No caso concreto deste trabalho, as orientações visaram a redução dos gastos operacionais, no que concerne ao fornecimento e serviços externos e aos gastos com o pessoal.
Assim, o objetivo deste projeto passa por se identificar esse impacto das reduções, no curto e no longo prazo, na performance da organização. Através de hipóteses teóricas, irá verificar-se as expetativas de comportamento que o autor possui e retirar conclusões sobre a possível criação de valor. Estas expetativas, porém, terão que ser verificadas no futuro. Estas hipóteses serão abordadas com especial foco no curto prazo, uma vez que é comum haver uma associação entre controlos por resultados e um período temporal curto (Merchant e Van der Stede, 2007). Paralelamente, realizou-se a mesma análise para o longo prazo com vista à comparação com as expetativas de curto prazo. Esta comparação torna-se importante uma vez que a possível criação de valor de curto prazo não implica a criação de valor no longo prazo.
Para se conseguir analisar o impacto das reduções dos gastos operacionais na performance da organização, é importante que a empresa possua ferramentas que traduzam a sua estratégia, missão e proposta de valor em objetivos, metas e iniciativas claras. Para o caso em questão, a ferramenta utilizada pela APA,S.A. para o efeito é o Balanced Scorecard. Através desta ferramenta integrada de gestão da performance, irá ser realizado, perspetiva a perspetiva, uma análise teórica do impacto da redução dos fornecimentos e serviços externos bem como dos gastos com o pessoal, aferindo se, através das relações causa-efeito próprias da ferramenta, se poderá criar ou destruir valor. Perante cenários desfavoráveis, as propostas de melhoria que foram pensadas vão ao encontro de modificar a perspetiva indutora (recursos), no curto prazo. Visto que o trabalho assenta nas relações causa-efeito, as modificações nessa perspetiva irão influênciar as restantes. Assim sendo, as propostas de melhoria apresentadas são:
encontrar soluções de formação interna;
proporcionar momentos de confraternização pós trabalho;
possibilidade de passagem das reduções em formação para níveis superiores de hierarquia (tentar resolver problema de desmotivação).In a troubled macroeconomic environment, the need for more effective performances becomes very important for businesses. Accordingly, the directors of Porto de Aveiro S. A. as all other public sector companies received austerity business guidance from the state, which makes it important to know the impact of such guidelines on organizational performance. In the case of this study, guidelines aimed at reducing operating expenses, in relation to the supply, external services and personnel costs. The objective of this project is to identify the impact of such reductions, in the short and long terms, on the organization’s performance. Through theoretical hypotheses, the expectations of behavior that the author owns will be analyzed and conclusions on the possible value creation will be drawn. These expectations, however, will have to be verified in the future. These hypotheses are discussed with special focus on the short term since there is often an association between checks for results and a short time period (Merchant and Van der Stede, 2007). In parallel, we carried out the same analysis for the long term with a view to comparison with the short-term expectations. This comparison is important since the possible value creation for short-term does not imply the creation of long-term value. To be able to analyze the impact of reductions in operating expenses in the performance of the organization, it is important that the company has tools to translate its strategy, mission and value proposition in objectives, clear goals and initiatives. For the case in question, the tool used by the APA for this purpose is the Balanced Scorecard. Through this integrated performance management tool, will be performed, from every perspective, a theoretical analysis of the impact of the reduction of the supplies and external services as well as personnel costs, assessing whether, through cause-effect relationships tools, if you create or destroy value. Given unfavorable scenarios, proposals for improvement were thought which will modify the inducing perspective (resources) in the short term. Since this work is based on cause-effect relationships, changes in this perspective will influence the remaining. Therefore, proposals for improvement are presented: •find in-house training solutions; •provide moments of socializing after work. •possibility of passing the training reductions to higher levels of the hierarchy (try to solve the problem of motivation).
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Wu, Hui Ying, and 吳蕙瑛. "Greek Credit Crisis on the Causal Relationship Change between the Exchange Rate, the Gold Price, the Oil Price, the Interest Rate and the Price Level and to Study the Forcast Error Variance Decomposition of the Impulse Response - VAR Model Application." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72393131891752701622.
Full textAbstract:
碩士僑光科技大學
企業管理研究所
100
This research is to explore the Greek debt crisis to the causal relationship change between the exchange rate, the gold price, the oil price, the interest rate and the price level, and to study the forcast error variance decomposition of the impulse response. After the Chow forecast test, the partition cointegration test and VECM model and VAR model, we find: From January, 2001 to November, 2009, the cointegration relationship between the exchange rate, the gold price, the oil price and the interest rate,the price level. From December, 2009 to November, 2011, the cointegration relationship between the exchange rate, the gold price, the oil price and the interest rate and the price level don’t exist. The Greek debt crisis enables the exchange rate no longer to affect the price level, instead it is influenced by the interest rate. The gold price doesn’t longer be affected by the oil price and price level, instead it is influenced by the interest rate. The oil price no longer affects the exchange rate, the gold price and the interest rate, instead it will be influenced by interest rate. The interest rate doesn’t longer be affected by the oil price, but it affects the exchange rate, gold price and oil price. The price level no longer affects the gold price, and it will not be affect by other variables. As for the Greek debt crisis creates the non-anticipated impact variation of the exchanger rate will cause the explanatory ability of oil price, the interest rate and price level raising , the explanatory ability of the exchange rate and the gold price declining. And for the non-anticipated impact variation of the gold price, the explanatory ability of the exchange rate, the oil price, the interest rate and the price level will raise, the explanatory ability of the gold price weaken. And for the non-anticipated impact variation of the oil price, the explanatory ability of the exchange rate, the interest rate and price level will raise, the explanatory ability of the gold price weaken, and the first falling then rising for the explanatory ability of the oil price. And for the non-anticipated impact variation of the interest rate, the explanatory ability of the exchange rate, the oil price will raise, the explanatory ability of the gold price, interest rate and the price level weaken. And for the non-anticipated impact variation of the price level, the explanatory ability of the exchange rate, the gold price the oil price and interest rate will raise, the explanatory ability of the price level weaken.
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Burns, C. J., E. Fantino, A. K. Powell, Steven D. Shnyder, Patricia A. Cooper, S. Nelson, C. Christophi, et al. "The microtubule depolymerizing agent CYT997 causes extensive ablation of tumor vasculature in vivo." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5902.
Full textAbstract:
The orally active microtubule-disrupting agent (S)-1-ethyl-3-(2-methoxy-4-(5-methyl-4-((1-(pyridin-3-yl)butyl)amino)pyrimidin-2- yl)phenyl)urea (CYT997), reported previously by us (Bioorg Med Chem Lett 19:4639-4642, 2009; Mol Cancer Ther 8:3036-3045, 2009), is potently cytotoxic to a variety of cancer cell lines in vitro and shows antitumor activity in vivo. In addition to its cytotoxic activity, CYT997 possesses antivascular effects on tumor vasculature. To further characterize the vascular disrupting activity of CYT997 in terms of dose and temporal effects, we studied the activity of the compound on endothelial cells in vitro and on tumor blood flow in vivo by using a variety of techniques. In vitro, CYT997 is shown to potently inhibit the proliferation of vascular endothelial growth factor-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (IC(50) 3.7 +/- 1.8 nM) and cause significant morphological changes at 100 nM, including membrane blebbing. Using the method of corrosion casting visualized with scanning electron microscopy, a single dose of CYT997 (7.5 mg/kg i.p.) in a metastatic cancer model was shown to cause destruction of tumor microvasculature in metastatic lesions. Furthermore, repeat dosing of CYT997 at 10 mg/kg and above (intraperitoneally, b.i.d.) was shown to effectively inhibit development of liver metastases. The time and dose dependence of the antivascular effects were studied in a DLD-1 colon adenocarcinoma xenograft model using the fluorescent dye Hoechst 33342. CYT997 demonstrated rapid and dose-dependent vascular shutdown, which persists for more than 24 h after a single oral dose. Together, the data demonstrate that CYT997 possesses potent antivascular activity and support continuing development of this promising compound.
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Chimhenga, Sylod. "Behaviour problems of adolescents in secondary schools of Bulawayo: causes, manifestations and educational support." Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1031.
Full textAbstract:
Behaviour problems are a problem in many secondary schools in Zimbabwe. This study
attempts to investigate the causes and manifestations of behaviour problems of adolescent
learners and to develop guidelines for teachers on how to assist learners with behaviour
problems in the classroom. This is a qualitative study using focus group and semi-structured
interviews. The main findings contributing to the causes of behaviour problems among
adolescent learners are environmental factors, such as the family and the school and peer
pressure. Behaviour problems are manifested by adolescents as disruptive behaviour, aggressive
and antisocial behaviour, telling lies and theft. The findings highlight important guidelines,
which teachers can use to assist and understand learners with behaviour problems in the
classroom. The guidelines present an endeavour to solve problem behaviour in the classroom.Educational Studies
M.Ed. (Special Needs Education)