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Academic literature on the topic 'Cation and Anion'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cation and Anion"

1

Xu, Si-Yu, Zhou-Yu Meng, Feng-Qi Zhao, and Xue-Hai Ju. "Density functional study of guanidine-azole salts as energetic materials." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 96, no. 10 (October 2018): 949–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2018-0106.

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A series of guanidine cations and azole anions were designed for use as energetic salts. Their geometrical structures were optimized by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The counter ions were matched by the similar magnitude of the electron affinity (EA) of the cation and the ionization potential (IP) of the anion. The densities, heats of formation, detonation parameters, and impact sensitivity were predicted. The incorporation of guanidine cations and diazole anions are favorable to form thermal stable salts except cation A1. The diaminoguanidine cation has greater impact on the density and detonation properties of the salts than the triaminoguanidine cation. 2-Amino-3-nitroamino-4,5-nitro-dinitropyrazole is the best anion for advancing the detonation performance among all the anions. Incorporating the C=O bond into the guanidine cations enhances the density and detonation performance of the guanidine-azole salts. The salts containing III1–III4 anion have better detonation properties than HMX, indicating that these salts are potential energetic compounds. Compared with RDX or HMX, some salts with diaminoguanidine cation display lower impact sensitivity.
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Wilkinson, Hazel S., and William T. A. Harrison. "Hexane-1,6-diammonium bis(dihydrogenarsenate): infinite anionic layers containing R 6 6(24) loops." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 3 (February 28, 2007): m902—m904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807007672.

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The title compound, C6H18N2 2+·2H2AsO4 −, contains a network of doubly protonated centrosymmetric hexane-1,6-diammonium cations and dihydrogenarsenate anions. These species interact by way of cation-to-anion N—H...O and anion-to-anion O—H...O hydrogen bonds, the latter leading to infinite sheets of the H2AsO4 − anions.
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Jarjis, Hayfa M., and Salim M. Khalil. "MINDO-Forces Study of Phenyl and Cyclopropyl Substituted Allyl Cations and Anions." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 42, no. 3 (March 1, 1987): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1987-0317.

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MINDO-force calculations have been performed on phenyl and cyclopropyl substituted allyl cations and anions with complete energy minimization. It is found that the phenyl ring destabilizes the allyl cations when substituted at the terminal and at the center carbon atom of the cation, while the cyclopropyl ring stabilizes the allyl cation when substituted at the terminal carbon atoms, but destabilizes the cation when substituted at the center carbon atom of the cation. These results agree with the experimental ones. In the case of the allyl anions, it is found that the phenyl ring destabilizes the allyl anions when substituted on the terminal and on the center carbon atoms of the allyl anions, while the cyclopropyl ring stabilizes the allyl anion when substituted on the terminal carbon atom but destabilizes the anion when substituted on the center carbon atom. Also, it is found that both the phenyl and cyclopropyl rings are electron withdrawing when substituted on the allyl anions, while they are electron donating when substituted on the allyl cations.
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Vetrivel, S., E. Vinoth, R. U. Mullai, R. Aruljothi, and M. NizamMohideen. "Crystal structure of 1,4-bis(3-ammoniopropyl)piperazine-1,4-diium bis[dichromate(VI)]." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 72, no. 5 (April 5, 2016): 616–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989016005284.

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The asymmetric unit of the organic–inorganic title salt, (C10H28N4)[Cr2O7]2, comprises one half of an 1,4-bis(3-ammoniopropyl)piperazinediium cation (the other half being generated by the application of inversion symmetry) and a dichromate anion. The piperazine ring of the cation adopts a chair conformation, and the two CrO4tetrahedra of the anion are in an almost eclipsed conformation. In the crystal, the cations and anions form a layered arrangement parallel to (001). N—H...O hydrogen bonds between the cations and anions and additional C—H...O interactions lead to the formation of a three-dimensional network structure.
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McAdam, C. John, Lyall R. Hanton, Stephen C. Moratti, Jim Simpson, and Ravindra N. Wickramasinhage. "Structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of the salt N,N,N-trimethyl-1-(4-vinylphenyl)methanaminium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 75, no. 7 (June 4, 2019): 946–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989019007758.

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In the title compound, the asymmetric unit comprises an N,N,N-trimethyl-1-(4-vinylphenyl)methanaminium cation and a 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate anion, C12H18N+·C8H7O3S−. The salt has a polymerizable vinyl group attached to both the cation and the anion. The methanaminium and vinyl substituents on the benzene ring of the cation subtend angles of 86.6 (3) and 10.5 (9)° to the ring plane, while the anion is planar excluding the sulfonate O atoms. The vinyl substituent on the benzene ring of the cation is disordered over two sites with a refined occupancy ratio of 0.542 (11):0.458 (11). In the crystal, C—H...O hydrogen bonds dominate the packing and combine with a C—H...π(ring) contact to stack the cations and anions along the a-axis direction. Hirshfeld surface analysis of the salt and of the individual cation and anion components is also reported.
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King, Benjamin T., Bruce C. Noll, and Josef Michl. "Cation-π Interactions in the Solid State: Crystal Structures of M+(benzene)2CB11Me12- (M = Tl, Cs, Rb, K, Na) and Li+(toluene)CB11Me12-." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 64, no. 6 (1999): 1001–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19991001.

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In these crystal structures, the relatively weak electrostatic interactions between the bulky CB11Me12- anion and the title cations permit cation-π interactions in the solid state. In all cases, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals η6-arene-cation interactions within 10% of the expected van der Waals distance. The Tl+, Cs+, Rb+, and K+ structures are isomorphous, with the benzene molecules sandwiching the cation and four anions equatorially disposed in a nearly square arrangement. Both the cation and the near-square of closest anions are positioned to interact favorably with the local dipoles of benzene. The smaller Na+ crystallizes in polymeric chains with a nearly tetrahedrally coordinated cation in van der Waals contact with two anions and two benzene molecules in a tilted-sandwich arrangement. The Li+ structure possesses two motifs, a simple van der Waals sandwich of a toluene molecule and an anion, and chains of half-occupied toluene-Li complexes on inversion centers between anions. The simple van der Waals model is reasonably accurate for the cation-arene distances, only slightly underestimating the separation (2-10% deviation), with worse agreement for the smaller cations.
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Franciolini, F., and W. Nonner. "Anion-cation interactions in the pore of neuronal background chloride channels." Journal of General Physiology 104, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 711–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.104.4.711.

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Background Cl channels in neurons and skeletal muscle are significantly permeable for alkali cations when tested with asymmetrical concentrations of the same salt. Both anion and cation permeation were proposed to require binding of an alkali cation with the pore (Franciolini, F., and W. Nonner. 1987. Journal of General Physiology. 90:453-478). We tested this hypothesis by bilaterally substituting large alkali cations for Na and found no significant changes of unitary conductance at 300 mM symmetrical concentrations. In addition, all organic cations examined were permeant in a salt gradient test (1,000 mM internal@300 mM external), including triethanolamine, benzyltrimethylamine, and bis-tris-propane (BTP, which is divalent at the tested pH of 6.2). Inward currents were detected following substitution of internal NaCl by the Na salts of the divalent anions of phosphoric, fumaric, and malic acid. Zero-current potentials in gradients of the Na and BTP salts of varied anions (propionate, F, Br, nitrate) that have different permeabilities under bi-ionic conditions, were approximately constant, as if the permeation of either cation were coupled to the permeation of the anion. These results rule out our earlier hypothesis of anion permeation dependent on a bound alkali cation, but they are consistent with the idea that the tested anions and cations form mixed complexes while traversing the Cl channel.
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Wilkinson, Hazel S., and William T. A. Harrison. "2-Methylpiperazinium bis(dihydrogenarsenate)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 3 (February 28, 2007): m900—m901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807008392.

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The title compound, C5H14N2 2+·2H2AsO4 −, contains a network of centrosymmetric doubly protonated 2-methylpiperazinium cations, showing disorder of the methyl group, accompanied by dihydogenarsenate anions. The component species interact by way of cation-to-anion N—H...O and anion-to-anion O—H...O hydrogen bonds, the latter leading to infinite sheets of the H2AsO4 − anions containing R 6 6(24) supramolecular loops.
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Kruk, Danuta, Elzbieta Masiewicz, Sylwia Lotarska, Roksana Markiewicz, and Stefan Jurga. "Correlated Dynamics in Ionic Liquids by Means of NMR Relaxometry: Butyltriethylammonium bis(Trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide as an Example." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17 (August 24, 2021): 9117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179117.

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1H and 19F spin-lattice relaxation experiments have been performed for butyltriethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in the temperature range from 258 to 298 K and the frequency range from 10 kHz to 10 MHz. The results have thoroughly been analysed in terms of a relaxation model taking into account relaxation pathways associated with 1H–1H, 19F–19F and 1H–19F dipole–dipole interactions, rendering relative translational diffusion coefficients for the pairs of ions: cation–cation, anion–anion and cation–anion, as well as the rotational correlation time of the cation. The relevance of the 1H–19F relaxation contribution to the 1H and 19F relaxation has been demonstrated. A comparison of the diffusion coefficients has revealed correlation effects in the relative cation–anion translational movement. It has also turned out that the translational movement of the anions is faster than of cations, especially at high temperatures. Moreover, the relative cation–cation diffusion coefficients have been compared with self-diffusion coefficients obtained by means of NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) gradient diffusometry. The comparison indicates correlation effects in the relative cation–cation translational dynamics—the effects become more pronounced with decreasing temperature.
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Franciolini, F., and W. Nonner. "A multi-ion permeation mechanism in neuronal background chloride channels." Journal of General Physiology 104, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 725–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.104.4.725.

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Unitary current/voltage relationships of background Cl channels of rat hippocampal neurons were determined for varied gradients and absolute concentrations of NaCl. The channels revealed permeabilities for both Cl and Na ions. A hyperlinear increase of unitary conductance, observed for a symmetrical increase of salt concentration from 300 and 600 mM, indicated a multi-ion permeation mechanism. A variety of kinetic models of permeation were tested against the experimental current/voltage relationships. Models involving a pore occupied by mixed complexes of up to five ions were necessary to reproduce all measurements. A minimal model included four equilibrium states and four rate-limiting transitions, such that the empty pore accepts first an anion and then can acquire one or two cation/anion pairs. Three transport cycles are formed: a slow anion cycle (between the empty and single-anion states), a slow cation cycle (between the one- and three-ion states), and a fast anion cycle (between the three- and five-ion states). Thus, permeant anions are required for cation permeation, and several bound anions and cations promote a high rate of anion permeation. The optimized free-energy and electrical charge parameters yielded a self-consistent molecular interpretation, which can account for the particular order in which the pore accepts ions from the solutions. Although the model describes the mixed anion/cation permeability of the channel observed at elevated concentrations, it predicts a high selectivity for Cl anion at physiological ionic conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cation and Anion"

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Watson, James David. "Anion and cation binding in proteins." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252533.

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Seijo, Bibiana Campos. "Supramolecular complexes for cation and anion binding." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405678.

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Sekizaki, Shuichi. "Development of conducting cation radical salts with flexible organic anions : tetracyanoallyl anion derivatives." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144214.

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Luo, Kun. "Cation ordered and anion-vacancy ordered perovskite materials." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f36a3f97-70b1-4ab6-819b-d400341a4558.

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The investigation in this thesis focuses on the synthesis of cation-ordered perovskite phases by introducing anion vacancies into the structure. Complex cation-ordered phases Ba2YMO5 and Ba3YM2O7.5 (M = Fe, Co) have been synthesized using ceramic or citrate gel methods under flowing argon. Close inspection reveals that the structures are constructed from Y2M2O102 basic units which consist of two YO6 octahedra and two MO4 tetrahedra in a rock-salt type arrangement. In the structure of Ba2YMO5 (M = Fe, Co), the neighbouring Y2M2O102 units are connected with an equivalent one in the yz-plane with YO6 octahedra sharing an apex. In the structure of Ba3YM2O7.5 (M = Fe, Co), the basic units are connected to each other by the M2O7 dimers via a chain of Y – O – M – O – M – O – Y bonds. Complex cation ordering can be achieved by carefully controlling the anion vacancies and selecting the cations with different ionic radii. The anion vacancies present in Ba2YMO5 (M = Fe, Co) (space group P21/n) allow the intercalation of anions like O2- and F- into the lattice. The fluorination of Ba2YCoO5 leads to the formation of a new orthorhombic phase Ba2YCoO5F0.42 (space group Pbnm) in which the inserted fluoride ions are distributed in a disordered manner. In contrast, the topochemical oxidation of Ba2YFeO5 leads to the formation of a new orthorhombic phase Ba2YFeO5.5 (space group Pb21m), in which Fe4+ centres are located in 4-coordinate tetrahedral sites and 5-coordinate pyramidal sites, respectively. The polar structure of Ba2YFeO5.5 is confirmed by the observation of second-harmonic generation activity and pyroelectric behaviour. Ba2YFeO5.5 also exhibits a combination of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic behaviours at low temperature. LaCa2Fe2GaO8 adopts a six-layer structure consisting of an OOTLOOTR stacking sequence of layers of (Fe/Ga)O6 octahedra (O) and (Fe/Ga)O4 tetrahedra (T), related to that of the four-layer brownmillerite structure (space group Pbma). The chains of tetrahedra in the structure of LaCa2Fe2GaO8 exhibit a cooperative twisting distortion in which the twisting direction of the chains of tetrahedra alternates in adjacent tetrahedral layers. LaxSr2-xCoGaO5+δ (0.5 < x < 1) adopts brownmillerite structures which consist of octahedral and tetrahedral layers with mixed valence of Co2+/Co3+. The members with x = 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 adopt structures with I2mb space group symmetry, in which all the tetrahedra twist in the same direction. The members with x = 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 adopt structures with Imma space group symmetry, in which the chains of the tetrahedra twist in a disordered manner. A change in the Co3+ spin state from high spin (HS) to low spin (LS) is observed as the La/Sr ratio increases. The change of the Co3+ spin state can be rationalized on the basis of internal chemical pressure.
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Calin, Nathalie. "Etude thermique de quelques sels d'hétéropolymolybdates : mise en évidence d'interactions anion-anion et anion-cation à l'état solide." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-119.pdf.

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Les polyoxométallates et plus particulièrement les hétéropolymolybdates sont des composés très recherchés en catalyse, homogène ou hétérogène. A l'état solide, leur comportement réactif dépend de nombreux paramètres dont la nature des contre-ions présents, le type de molécules de solvatation, le système cristallin et leur evolution thermique. Plusieurs sels (sodium, potassium, alkyl(aryl)ammonium) des ions dodécamolybdophosphate (3-), vanadoundécamolybdophosphate (4-) et de structures apparentées (octadécamolybdophosphate (6-)) ont été préparés. Ils ont été étudiés en solution par polarographie et à l'état solide par spectrométries de vibration (infra-rouge, Raman) et spectrométrie RMN de 31P. Leur comportement thermique a été suivi par analyse thermique et les différentes phases décelées étudiées par RPE. Ces mesures ont permis d'identifier plusieurs types d'interactions susceptibles de rendre compte de la réactivité en oxydation sélective. Deux d'entre elles, interactions anion-anion et anion-cation, sont fortement dépendantes des arrangements cristallographiques et de leur évolution thermique. L'interaction anion-anion est attendue augmenter la stabilité de l'anion, alors que l'interaction anion-cation, antagoniste, est attendue la diminuer.
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Richardson, Mickey Charles Braterman Paul S. "Layered double hydroxides as anion- and cation-exchanging materials." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3623.

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Cooper, James B. "Multi-site calix[4]arenes anion and cation recognition." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312555.

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King, Philip David. "Charge neutrality level in significantly cation-anion mismatched semiconductors." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2767/.

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The fundamental bulk and surface electronic properties of a novel class of semiconductors, characterised by a significant mismatch between the size and electro-negativity of the cation and anion (SCAMS), have been investigated. The characteristic examples of CdO, In2O3, and InN were studied using high-resolution x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, infrared reflectivity, optical absorption spectroscopy, and single-field Hall effect measurements. The behaviour of not only defects, dopants and impurities, which dominate the bulk electronic properties, but also surface states was shown to depend on the position of a single energy level, the charge neutrality level (CNL), unifying bulk and surface electronic properties of semiconductors. For the materials studied, the CNL was shown to be located within the conduction band (0.39 eV, »0:65 eV, and 1.19 eV above the conduction band minimum (CBM) in CdO, In2O3, and InN, respectively; see figure) in contrast to the vast majority of semiconductors where the CNL lies within the fundamental band gap (as, for example, in the classic case of GaAs). In CdO, this was shown to lead to native defects, hydrogen impurities and surface states all being donors, even in already n-type material. The donor surface states result in electron accumulation at the CdO surface. Such an electron accumulation is also present at InN surfaces, and this was shown to exhibit a remarkable independence on surface orientation, and to lead to inversion layers at the surface of p-type InN. The changes in surface space-charge regions were investigated across the In(Ga,Al)N composition range, for both undoped and Mg-doped alloys. The influence of the CNL position on interface properties and conductivity in InN was considered. Electron accumulation was observed in In2O3, in contrast to previous reports. Muonium, and by analogy hydrogen, was also shown to be a shallow donor in this material. The location of the CNL above the CBM in SCAMS was used to explain many of their striking bulk electronic properties, such as why materials like In2O3 are able to be conducting despite being optically transparent, two normally contradictory properties. The conclusions drawn from these studies are applicable to a wide variety of other materials, in particular other SCAMS such as ZnO or SnO2. Surface electron accumulation is treated here mainly within a one-electron semi-classical approximation. The final section of this work moves beyond this, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements and theoretical calculations to consider both the quantized nature of an electron accumulation layer, and the influence of many-body effects.
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Richardson, Mickey Charles. "Layered Double Hydroxides as Anion- and Cation-Exchanging Materials." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3623/.

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Layered double hydroxides (LDH) have been principally known as anion-exchanging, clay-like materials for several decades, and continues to be the main driving force for current and future research. The chemical interactions of LDH, with transition metallocyanides, have been a popular topic of investigation for many years, partly due to the use of powder x-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy as the main characterization tools. Each transition metallocyanide has a characteristic infrared stretching frequency that can be easily observed, and their respective sizes can be observed while intercalated within the interlayer of the LDH. The ability of LDH to incorporate metal cations or any ions/molecules/complexes, that have a postive charge, have not been previously investigated, mainly due to the chemical and physical nature of LDH. The possibility of cationic incorporation with LDH would most likely occur by surface adsorption, lattice metal replacement, or by intercalation into the LDH interlayers. Although infrared spectroscopy finds it main use through the identification of the anions incorporated with LDH, it can also be used to study and identify the various active and inactive bending and stretching modes that the metal hydroxide layers have.
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Carrillo, Romo Felipe de Jesus. "Le Système quaternaire réciproque cation cuprique, cation sodium, anion chlorure, anion sulfate, eau à 25 °C étude par mesures automatiques de masse volumique /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376124872.

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Books on the topic "Cation and Anion"

1

Krueger, James Harry. Cation and anion chemistry. [Corvallis, Or.]: O.S.U. Book Stores, 1986.

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McCrory, Paul J. Investigation of cation and anion site subsitutions[sic] in layered perovskite superconducting compounds. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1995.

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Bethard, Greg. Controlling milk fever and hypocalcemia in dairy cattle: Use of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) in formulating dry cow rations. Las Cruces, NM: Agricultural Experiment Station, Cooperative Extension Service, College of Agriculture and Home Economics, New Mexico State University, 1998.

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Buczek, Jósef. Oddziaływanie niektórych kationów i anionów na metabolizm azotowy i fosforowy roślin. Wrocław: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 1993.

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James, Preer, Edwards Pamela J, and United States. Forest Service. Northeastern Research Station, eds. Geologic and tributary influences on the chemistry of a headwater stream. Radnor, PA: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 1999.

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Krok-Kowalski, Józef. Wpływ podstawników kationowych przy różnych anionach na uporządkowanie magnetyczne wybranych związków zawierających chrom. Katowice: Wydawn, Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, 1998.

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Wooten, Alexander C. Geologic and tributary influences on the chemistry of a headwater stream. Radnor, PA: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 1999.

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Muurinen, Arto. Diffusion of anions and cations in compacted sodium bentonite. Espoo: Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1994.

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Engesser, Tobias Adrian. Reactive P-Block cations stabilized by weakly coordinating anions. Freiburg: Universität, 2016.

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Crompton, T. R. Preconcentration techniques in natural and treated waters: High sensitivity determination of organic and organometallic compounds, cations and anions. New York: Spon Press, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cation and Anion"

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Fitzgerald, J. J., and R. A. Weiss. "Cation-Anion and Cation-Cation Interactions in Sulfonated Polystyrene Ionomers." In ACS Symposium Series, 35–53. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0302.ch003.

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Sekine, Takashi, and Hiroyuki Kusuhara. "Organic Anion and Cation Drug Transporters." In Oral Bioavailability, 309–27. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118067598.ch19.

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Pottosin, I. I., and G. Schönknecht. "Anion and Cation Channels in the Thylakoid Membrane." In Photosynthesis: from Light to Biosphere, 2039–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0173-5_479.

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Naja, Ghinwa, and Bohumil Volesky. "The Mechanism of Metal Cation and Anion Biosorption." In Microbial Biosorption of Metals, 19–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0443-5_3.

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Dyer, A., and T. Gallardo. "Cation and Anion Exchange Properties of Pillared Clays." In Recent Developments in Ion Exchange, 75–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0777-5_8.

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Grinstein, Sergio, Jesùs Garcia-Soto, and Michael J. Mason. "Differential Role of Cation and Anion Exchange in Lymphocyte pH Regulation." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 70–90. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470513699.ch5.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of coordination compound having complex cation and complex anion." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 699–700. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54231-6_377.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of coordination compound having complex cation and complex anion." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 701. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54231-6_378.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of coordination compound having complex cation and complex anion." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 702. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54231-6_379.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of coordination compound having complex cation and complex anion." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 703–4. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54231-6_380.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cation and Anion"

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Alves, Adrielly, and Régis Casimiro Leal. "Theoretical study of the mechanism of chromogenic chemodosimeters in the detection of sulfhydryl (SH–) and hydroxyl (OH–) anions." In VIII Simpósio de Estrutura Eletrônica e Dinâmica Molecular. Universidade de Brasília, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21826/viiiseedmol2020128.

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Sulfide (S2−) is a biologically and environmentally important anion. Exposure to the sulfide anion can cause chronic, respiratory diseases and irritations in the skin and mucous membranes. The protonated HS− or H2S forms are more toxic than the S2− itself. A derivative of the family of 2,4,6-triaryl-pyrylium cations bearing an amine in the para position of the 4-aryl group is sensitive for detecting sulfide anions in solution. Through DFT calculations, performed at level B3LYP/6-31+G(d) in gas phase, these authors present the thermodynamic stability of the interaction of chemodosimeters derived from the pyrilium and thiopirilium cation with hydroxyl (OH–) and sulfhydryl (SH–) anions.
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"Prediction of the conductivity and compatibility of the selected ionic liquids (ILs) with Nafion™ using COSMO-RS." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-51.

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Abstract. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis is one of the waters splitting techniques available for producing green hydrogen. As such, improvement of the membrane ion conductivity will result in improvement of hydrogen production. Ionic liquids have recently been reported to enhance ionic conductivity of PEM. Herein, a screening method to select suitable ionic liquids for the development of efficient proton exchange membrane. COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Realistic Solvents (COSMO-RS) was used to predict the ionic conductivity as well as the compatibility of the ions with the Nafion™ through the interpretation of σ-profile as well as interaction energy of the selected cations and anions. It was found that the anions namely of trifluoromethanesulfonate and nitrate with the cation of ammonium and imidazolium may be the best candidate for the ILs to be incorporated to Nafion™ for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) as the combination gives high ionic conductivity with considerable high interaction towards Nafion™. It is to be highlighted that the ionic liquids mainly interact with Nafion™ through the anion as implied by the high interaction energy of the anion towards Nafion™ compared to the cation.
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Santra, Pralay. "Anion and cation exchange induced heterostructured nanocrystals." In nanoGe Spring Meeting 2022. València: Fundació Scito, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nsm.2022.136.

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Hajar, Nadya, M. N. Asiah, S. Abdullah, M. Rusop, A. K. Yahya, and Shah Alam. "Anion and Cation Ionic Conductivity of Dragon Fruit." In PROGRESS OF PHYSICS RESEARCH IN MALAYSIA: PERFIK2009. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3469732.

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"Application of machine learning models to predict ecotoxicity of ionic liquids (Vibrio fischeri) using VolSurf principal properties." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-27.

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Abstract. Owing to the rapid growth in IL synthesis due to feasible cation–anion combinations, knowledge of their toxicity is pertinent for their successful application. Toxicity information measurement of various ILs on a broad spectrum of conditions through experimental techniques is way demanding on time, resources, and is at times impractical. Various research works have been performed in Quantitative Structure Activity/Property Relationship (QSAR/QSPR) for IL toxicity prediction. In this study, ML models have been trained and tested on Vibrio fischeri toxicity data set using in silico principal properties (PPs) as descriptors. Deploying this properties aid in considering both the effect of cations and anions on Vibrio fischeri toxicity prediction. Among the models trained, the Random Forest model proved to be the most precise nevertheless, decision tree model was the most accurate and consistent. Considering the importance of the descriptors to Vibrio fischeri toxicity selection techniques and model optimization.
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"Computational study of CO2 solubility in amino acid-based ionic liquids using COSMO-RS." In Sustainable Processes and Clean Energy Transition. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902516-33.

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Abstract. The carbon capture, use, and sequestration (CCUS) techniques are proven to be efficient at lowering the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide. Notwithstanding the advances in this area, there are still significant restrictions in carbon dioxide (CO2) capture techniques in industry such as high capital costs, solvent evaporation losses, and low absorption and desorption rates. Ionic liquids (ILs) have received much interest as green solvent due to the benefits of their distinctive properties such as low vapor pressure and their capacity to capture CO2 making them a suitable replacement for present solvents, such as amines. Amino acid based ILs having close similarity with the alkanolamines may potentially have high affinity for CO2 absorption. Nevertheless, available database on these ILs is still limited and only focus on the common types of amino acids. Therefore, this paper aims to predict the CO2 absorption of different amino acid-based ionic liquids as cation/anion using quantum chemical calculation tools namely Conductor like Screening Model for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS) and TURBOMOLE. We evaluated 84 different ILs of different cations and anions based on their CO2 capacity, activity coefficient at infinite dilution (γ∞), and Henry’s constant (H). The results showed that amino acid as anions significantly enhanced the CO2 solubility compared to amino acid as cations. However, glycinium tetrafluoroborate [Gly+][BF4] showed high affinity for CO2 absorption compared to other amino acid-cations based with activity coefficient at infinite dilution (γ∞) = 0.117 and (H) = 8.07. We showed that the selection of anions/cations can significantly change the CO2 capacity in ILs.
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Aeshala, L. M., S. U. Rahman, and A. Verma. "Development of a Reactor for Continuous Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 Using Solid Electrolyte." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54755.

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This paper reports the development of an electrochemical reactor for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide using anionic and cationic solid electrolyte. Cast nafion membrane was used as cation exchange membrane and alkali doped polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked with glutaraldehyde was used as anion exchange membrane. The anion exchange membranes (solid electrolytes) were characterized using TGA, XRD, FTIR, anionic conductivity, and mechanical strength. The anode electrode was prepared using Pt/C spraying over porous carbon paper. The cathode electrode was prepared using copper electroplating technique over porous carbon paper. The prepared electrodes were characterized using scanning electron microscope. The reactor was assembled with the electrolyte, electrodes, machined graphite plates, and end plates with the required accessories. The preliminary study of the reactor was evaluated for carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction under anionic and cationic electrolytes. The products of the electrochemical reduction of CO2 were analyzed using GC and HPLC.
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Vandesteeg, Nathan A., Patrick A. Anquetil, and Ian W. Hunter. "Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) actuators: the role of cation and anion choice." In Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Yoseph Bar-Cohen. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.540012.

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Abdi, Fatwa, Marlene Lamers, Marco Favaro, David Starr, Ibbi Ahmet, Wenjie Li, Lydia Wong, and Roel van de Krol. "Overcoming the Limitations of BiVO4 Photoanodes through Anion and Cation Substitution." In nanoGe Fall Meeting 2018. València: Fundació Scito, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.fallmeeting.2018.094.

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Carrazana-Garcia, Jorge, Enrique Cabaleiro Lago, and Jesus Rodriguez Otero. "Topological Study of the Electron Density of Cation-π-Anion Complexes." In The 17th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-17-e025.

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Reports on the topic "Cation and Anion"

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Troe, Juergen H. Modeling of Mutual Anion-Cation Neutralization Processes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada552463.

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Henning, Stanley, C. Brummer, Russell Doorenbos, Jesse Goff, and Ronald L. Horst. Effects of Chloride Fertilization on Alfalfa Cation-Anion Content. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2655.

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Pogge, Danielle J., Paul Summer, and Stephanie L. Hansen. Impact of Dietary Cation-Anion Difference on Steer Performance and Carcass Characteristics. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1145.

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Naoi, Katsuhiko, Mary M. Lien, and William H. Smyrl. Quartz Crystal Microbalance Analysis: 1. Evidence of Anion or Cation Insertion into Electropolymerized Conducting Polymers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada212304.

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Norton, J. M., D. F. Lawler, and H. M. Liljestrand. Report on Isotherm Studies for Cation Exchange Resins for Cr(III) Removal and Expanded Anion Exchange Column Studies for Cr(VI) Removal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/761447.

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Scamehorn, John F., Richard W. Taylor, and Cynthia E. Palmer. Removal of Radioactive Cations and Anions from Polluted Water using Ligand-Modified Colloid-Enhanced Ultrafiltration. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/789796.

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Scamehorn, John F., Cynthia E. Palmer, and Richard W. Taylor. Removal of Radioactive Cations and Anions from Polluted Water Using Ligand-Modified Colloid-Enhanced Ultrafiltration. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/828491.

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Scamehorn, John F., Richard W. Taylor, and Cynthia E. Palmer. Removal of Radioactive Cations Anions from Polluted Water Using Ligand-Modified Colloid-Enhanced Ultrafiltration (60041-OK). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/828493.

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Scamehorn, J. F., C. E. Palmer, and R. W. Taylor. Removal of radioactive cations and anions from polluted water using ligand-modified colloid-enhanced ultrafiltration. 1998 annual progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/13751.

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Yermiyahu, Uri, Thomas Kinraide, and Uri Mingelgrin. Role of Binding to the Root Surface and Electrostatic Attraction in the Uptake of Heavy Metal by Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7586482.bard.

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The principal accomplishment of the research supported by BARD was progress toward a comprehensive view of cell-surface electrical effects (both in cell walls [CWs] and at plasma membrane [PM] surfaces) upon ion uptake, intoxication, and amelioration. The research confirmed that electrostatic models (e.g., Gouy-Chapman-Stern [G-C-S]), with parameter values contributed by us, successfully predict ion behavior at cell surfaces. Specific research objectives 1. To characterize the sorption of selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) to the root PM in the presence of other cations and organic ligands (citric and humic acids). 2. To compute the parameters of a G-C-S model for heavy-metal sorption to the root PM. 3. To characterize the accumulation of selected heavy metals in various plant parts. 4. To determine whether model-computed ion binding or ion activities at root PM surfaces predict heavy-metal accumulation in whole roots, root tips, or plant shoots. 5. To determine whether measured ion binding by protoplast-free roots (i.e., root CWs) predicts heavy-metal accumulation in whole roots, root tips, or plant shoots. 6. To correlate growth inhibition, and other toxic responses, with the measured and computed factors mentioned above. 7. To determine whether genotypic differences in heavy-metal accumulation and toxic responses correlate with genotypic differences in parameters of the G-C-S model. Of the original objectives, all except for objective 7 were met. Work performed to meet the other objectives, and necessitated on the basis of experimental findings, took the time that would have been required to meet objective 7. In addition, work with Pb was unsuccessful due to experimental complications and work on Cd is still in progress. On the other hand, the uptake and toxicity of the anion, selenate was characterized with respect to electrostatic effects and the influences of metal cations. In addition, the project included more theoretical work, supported by experimentation, than was originally planned. This included transmembrane ion fluxes considered in terms of PM-surface electrical potentials and the influence of CWs upon ion concentrations at PM surfaces. A important feature of the biogeochemistry of trace elements in the rhizosphere is the interaction between plant-root surfaces and the ions present in the soil solution. The ions, especially the cations, of the soil solution may be accumulated in the aqueous phases of cell surfaces external to the PMs, sometimes referred to as the "water free space" and the "Donnan free space". In addition, ions may bind to the CW components or to the PM surface with variable binding strength. Accumulation at the cell surface often leads to accumulation in other plant parts with implications for the safety and quality of foods. A G-C-S model for PMs and a Donnan-plus-binding model for CWs were used successfully to compute electrical potentials, ion binding, and ion concentration at root-cell surfaces. With these electrical potentials, corresponding values for ion activities may be computed that are at least proportional to actual values also. The computed cell-surface ion activities predict and explain ion uptake, intoxication, and amelioration of intoxication much more accurately than ion activities in the bulk-phase rooting medium.
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