Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cathodic Arc

Academic literature on the topic 'Cathodic Arc'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cathodic Arc"

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Brzezinka, Tomasz L., Jeff Rao, Jose M. Paiva, Ibon Azkona, Joern Kohlscheen, German S. Fox Rabinovich, Stephen C. Veldhuis, and Jose L. Endrino. "Facilitating TiB2 for Filtered Vacuum Cathodic Arc Evaporation." Coatings 10, no. 3 (March 6, 2020): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030244.

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TiB2 is well established as a superhard coating with a high melting point and a low coefficient of friction. The brittle nature of borides means they cannot be utilised with arc evaporation, which is commonly used for the synthesis of hard coatings as it provides a high deposition rate, fully ionised plasma and good adhesion. In this work, TiB2 conical cathodes with non-standard sintering additives (carbon and TiSi2) were produced, and the properties of the base material, such as grain structure, hardness, electrical resistivity and composition, were compared to those of monolithic TiB2. The dependence of the produced cathodes’ electrical resistivity on temperature was evaluated in a furnace with an argon atmosphere. Their arc–evaporation suitability was assessed in terms of arc mobility and stability by visual inspection and by measurements of plasma electrical potential. In addition, shaping the cathode into a cone allowed investigation of the influence of an axial magnetic field on the arc spot. The produced cathodes have a bulk hardness of 23–24 GPa. It has been found that adding 1 wt% of C ensured exceptional arc-spot stability and mobility, and requires lower arc current compared to monolithic TiB2. However, poor cathode utilization has been achieved due to the steady generation of cathode flakes. The TiB2 cathode containing 5 wt% of TiSi2 provided the best balance between arc-spot behaviour and cathode utilisation. Preventing cathode overheating has been identified as a main factor to allow high deposition rate (±1.2 µm/h) from TiB2-C and TiB2-TiSi2 cathodes.
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Béger, Miroslav, Jozef Sondor, Martin Sahul, Paulína Zacková, Marián Haršáni, and Ľubomír Čaplovič. "Influence of Deposition Parameters on the Properties of Nanocomposite Coatings Prepared by Cathodic Arc Evaporation." Defect and Diffusion Forum 368 (July 2016): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.368.77.

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The article deals with the influence of different deposition parameters on the selected properties of AlCrN/Si3N4 nanocomposite coatings. Bias voltage, cathodes currents and working gas pressure were changed during the deposition process. All coatings were deposited using Lateral Rotating Cathodes (LARC®) process that belongs to the group of cathodic arc evaporation PVD technologies. In comparison with the typical cathodic arc evaporation process which usually uses planar targets the LARC® process utilizes rotational cathodes that are positioned close to each other. Nanohardness, Young's modulus, thickness and residual stresses were determinated in order to evaluate the influence of deposition parameters on these coatings properties
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Lindfors, Paul A., William M. Mularie, and Gottfried K. Wehner. "Cathodic arc deposition technology." Surface and Coatings Technology 29, no. 4 (December 1986): 275–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0257-8972(86)90001-0.

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Balzer, Martin, Herbert Kappl, Hermann A. Jehn, and Volker Güther. "Cathodic-arc deposition with boron-alloyed titanium cathodes." Surface and Coatings Technology 116-119 (September 1999): 766–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0257-8972(99)00275-3.

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Brown, Ian G. "CATHODIC ARC DEPOSITION OF FILMS." Annual Review of Materials Science 28, no. 1 (August 1998): 243–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.matsci.28.1.243.

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Randhawa, H. "Cathodic arc plasma deposition technology." Thin Solid Films 167, no. 1-2 (December 1988): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(88)90494-4.

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Koinkar, V. N., and B. Bhushan. "Microtribological properties of hard amorphous carbon protective coatings for thin-film magnetic disks and heads." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 211, no. 4 (April 1, 1997): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/1350650971542552.

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For long durability of magnetic media and head sliders, protective overcoats of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) are generally used. In this study, microtribological studies of hydrogenated amorphous carbon coatings deposited on a single-crystal silicon using three different deposition techniques—sputtering, ion beam and cathodic arc—were studied using atomic force/friction force microscopy (AFM/FFM). Roughnesses of all coatings at two scan sizes of 1 μm × 1 μm and 10 μm × 10 μm are comparable. Surface topography of sputtered carbon coating shows some particulates on the surface. Cathodic arc carbon coating exhibits the lowest coefficient of friction value followed by ion beam and sputtered carbon coatings. Microscratch and wear resistance and nanohardness of cathodic arc carbon coating are superior to those of ion beam and sputtered carbon coatings. Cathodic arc deposited carbon coatings are potential candidates for magnetic disks and heads.
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Bhatia, C. Singh, S. Anders, I. G. Brown, K. Bobb, R. Hsiao, and D. B. Bogy. "Ultra-Thin Overcoats for the Head/Disk Interface Tribology." Journal of Tribology 120, no. 4 (October 1, 1998): 795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2833781.

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Cathodic arc deposition forms ultra-thin amorphous hard carbon films of high sp3 content, high hardness, and low coefficient of friction. These properties make it of great interest for head/disk interface application, in particular for contact recording. In many cases, the tribological properties of the head disk interface could be improved by factors up to ten by applying cathodic arc overcoats to the slider or disk surface. This paper reviews the results of cathodic arc ultra-thin (2–10 nm) carbon overcoats for head/disk interface tribological applications.
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Kim, Wang Ryeol, Min Chul Kwon, Jung Hoon Lee, Uoo Chang Jung, and Won Sub Chung. "Mechanical and Structural Properties of Superhard TiAlSiN Coatings Deposited by Arc Ion Plating of Cylindrical Cathode." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 1426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.1426.

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TiAlSiN coatings were deposited on WC-Co metal by using a cathodic arc ion deposition method of cylindrical cathode. We used Ti / Al (50 / 50 at.%) arc target and silicon sputter target. The influence of the nitrogen pressure, TiAl cathode arc current, bias voltage, and deposition temperature on the mechanical and the structural properties of the films were investigated. The structural features of the films were investigation in detail using X-ray diffraction. And coatings were characterized by means of FE-SEM, nanoindentation, Scratch tester, Tribology tester, XRD and XPS. The hardness of the film reached 43 GPa at the cathode arc current of 230 A and decreased with a further increase of the arc current. And the adhesion of the film reached 34 N. The results showed that the TiAlSiN coating exhibited an excellent mechanical properties which application for tools and molds.
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Tripathi, R. K., O. S. Panwar, A. K. Kesarwani, Ishpal Rawal, B. P. Singh, M. K. Dalai, and S. Chockalingam. "Investigations on phosphorous doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide thin films deposited by a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique for photo detecting applications." RSC Adv. 4, no. 97 (2014): 54388–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra08343a.

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This paper reports the growth and properties of phosphorous doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide thin films deposited by a filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique using P doped solid silicon target as a cathode in the presence of acetylene gas.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cathodic Arc"

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Elzwawi, Salim Ahmed Ali. "Cathodic Arc Zinc Oxide for Active Electronic Devices." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10852.

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The filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) technique is a well established deposition method for wear resistant mechanical coatings. More recently, this method has attracted attention for growing ZnO based transparent conducting films. However, the potential of FCVA deposition to prepare ZnO layers for electronic devices is largely unexplored. This thesis addresses the use of FCVA deposition for the fabrication of active ZnO based electronic devices. The structural, electrical and optical characteristics of unintentionally doped ZnO films grown on different sapphire substrates were systematically investigated. The potential of FCVA to grow both polar and non-polar ZnO films was demonstrated. The resulting films showed considerable promise for device applications with properties including high transparency(> 90%), moderate intrinsic carrier concentrations (10¹⁷ - 10¹⁹ cm⁻³), electron mobilities up to 110 cm⁻²/Vs, low surface roughness (< 5 nm) and well-structured photoluminescence. Post-growth annealing in oxygen at temperatures up to 800 C produced significant improvements in the electronic and optical properties of these films, due to the formation of larger grains with lower inter-grain potential barriers. Silver oxide (AgOᵪ ) and iridium oxide (IrOᵪ) Schottky diodes fabricated on annealed FCVA ZnO films showed ideality factors as low as 1.20, barrier heights up to 0.85 eV and high sensitivity to ultraviolet light (up to ̴ 10⁻⁵ at -2 V). Transparent and opaque MESFETs fabricated on these films showed well defined field effect characteristics, channel mobilities up to 70 cm⁻²/Vs and insensitivity to 1 mW/cm⁻² visible light. These devices were further subjected to extensive bias and temperature stress tests. MESFET stability appeared to be strongly dependent on Schottky gate type, bias conditions and ZnO film morphology. Positive bias stress of AgOᵪ gated devices resulted in irreversible damage, that is thought to be due to Ag electromigration across the gate interface. Mapping of the surface potential of the ZnO channel material with Kelvin probe force microscopy suggested a strong relationship between the defect density at grain boundaries and both channel mobility and current stability. Interval growth techniques were found to reduce the density of defects at grain boundaries and produced MESFETs with higher current stability. IrOᵪ gated devices showed superior bias stability and temperature resilience from 25 C-195 C.
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Neumann, Patrick Reinhard Christian. "Centre-Triggered Pulsed Cathodic Arc Spacecraft Propulsion Systems." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13810.

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Satellites must carry some manner of propulsion system so that course correction or orbit stationkeeping manoeuvres can be carried out. Chemical thrusters have lower specific impulse than electric propulsion systems, and so focus has turned to using plasma and ion propulsion systems such as Hall Effect thrusters and gridded ion thrusters. Both of these systems use gaseous propellants and require a charge neutralisation system, both of which impose certain design compromises. This thesis explores the potential use of pulsed cathodic arcs as a spacecraft propulsion system, determining fuel specific impulse and jet power efficiency of a range of suitable materials over a range of arc currents and pulse durations. Comparisons between element classes are made, so as to identify candidate materials for various mission profiles. The results for magnesium in particular stand out as being comparable to several thruster technologies that are flight-rated.
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Eriksson, Anders. "Cathodic Arc Synthesis of Ti-Si-C-N Thin Films from Ternary Cathodes." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tunnfilmsfysik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-61994.

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Cathodic arc deposition is a powerful technique for thin film synthesis, associated with explosive phase transformations resulting in an energetic and highly ionized plasma. This Thesis presents film growth through arc deposition from compound cathodes of Ti3SiC2, providing source material for plasma and films rich in Si and C. The interest for the resulting Ti-Si-C-N films is inspired by the two ternaries Ti-Si-N and Ti-C-N, both successfully applied as corrosion  and wear resistant films, with a potential for synergistic effects in the quarternary system. When using a rotating substrate fixture setup, which is common in high capacity commercial deposition systems, the repeated passage though the plasma zone results in growth layers in the films. This effect has been observed in several coating systems, in deposition of various materials, but has not been explained in detail. The here investigated layers are characterized by a compositional modulation in Si and Ti content, which is attributed primarily to preferential resputtering in segments of rotation when the plasma has high incidence angle towards the substrate normal. For depositions in a non-reactive environment, the films consist of primarily understoichiometric TiCx, Ti, and silicide phases, and display a modest hardness (20-30 GPa) slightly improved by a decreasing layer thickness. Hence, the side effects of artificial layering from substrate rotation in deposition systems should be recognized. Adding N2 to the deposition process results in reactive growth of nitride material, formed in a wide range of compositions, and thereby enabling investigation of films in little explored parts of the Ti-Si-C-N system. The structure and properties of such films, comprising up to 12 at% Si and 16 at% C, is highly dependent on the supply of N2 during deposition. Superhard (45-50 GPa) cubic-phase (Ti,Si)(C,N) films with a nanocrystalline feathered structure is formed at N-content of 25-30 at%. At higher N2 deposition pressure, C and Si segregate to column and grain boundaries and the cubic phase assumes a more pronounced nitride character. This transformation is accompanied by substantially reduced film hardness to 20 GPa. Ti-Si-C-N films thus display a rich variety of structures with favorable mechanical properties, but in the regime of high Si and C content, the amount of N must be carefully controlled to avoid undesirable formation of weak grain boundary phases based on Si, C and N.
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MacKenzie, Maureen. "Analytical electron microscopy of interfaces in cathodic arc coatings." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337506.

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Mustapha, Nazir Mohamad. "Reactive filtered arc evaporation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1993. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/26797.

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Conventional physical vapour deposition (PVD) techniques usually result in films of lower quality than the corresponding bulk material. A major problem with PVD films is the presence of columns and voids throughout the thickness of the film. The films may have a low packing density, low micro-hardness and in many cases poor adhesion to the substrate. Many of these problems are a direct consequence of the low energy of the depositing atoms arriving at the substrate during film growth. The resulting film porosity gives rise to a reduction in mechanical strength, and in the case of dielectric optical films, a reduction in the refractive index. The properties of deposited films are greatly improved when the substrate or the growing film is bombarded with more energetic particles. An ideal deposition process requires a high flux of film atoms with an energy of approximately 5-50 eV in order to achieve sufficient surface mobility at the substrate to overcome columnar growth.
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Chhowalla, Manish. "Carbon thin films with enhanced properties from cathodic arc plasmas." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/265423.

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In this thesis, the physical, optical and electronic properties of amorphous carbon ( a-C) thin films deposited using a filtered and unfiltered cathodic arcs are investigated. Firstly, the plasma properties of the filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) have been examined using planar and wire Langmuir probes in order to optimize the plasma throughput around the 90� bend. The knowledge of plasma characteristics is then utilized to understand the properties of highly tetrahedral amorphous carbon ( ta-C) films as a function of the ion energy, deposition temperature and the deposition rate. A model based on the intrinsic thermal effects of the deposition process is developed to explain the discrepancy of the sp3 fraction versus the ion energy in the literature. The possibility of p-type electronic doping of ta-C has also been investigated by the incorporation of B into the ta-C matrix. It was shown for the first time that the incorporation of B in ta-C reduces the compressive stress while maintaining high sp3 bonding. The details of a new form of arc discharge referred to as the 'stationary arc' which allows the deposition of smooth ta-C films without a bulky macroparticle filter are reported. Finally, extraordinary hardness and elastic properties of a new form of carbon arising from interlinking of graphitic nanoparticles are also presented.
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Schonjahn, Cornelia. "Surface treatment in a cathodic arc plasma : key step for interface engineering." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2001. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20336/.

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The effect of substrate surface treatment (substrate sputter cleaning) in a cathodic arc plasma prior to unbalanced magnetron deposition of transition metal nitride coatings on the performance of the coated components has been investigated. In particular the influence of parameters such as ion species, ion energy and exposure time on the changes in substrate surface topography, microstructure and micro-chemistry were studied employing transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, electron energy loss spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and optical microscopy. The consequences for both the microstructure of subsequently grown transition metal nitride coatings and their adhesion were elucidated. The relevance for practical applications was demonstrated using the example of dry high-speed milling tests, which showed that an appropriate choice of substrate surface pre-treatment parameters can double the life time of the coated tools. This was found to be due to an improved adhesion as a result of a combina-tion of reduced oxygen incorporation at the interface between coating and substrate and local epitaxial growth of the coating. The latter is promoted by certain sub-strate surface pre-treatment procedures, which provide clean surfaces with preserved crystallographic order.
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Liu, Zhijie. "Application of a pulsed cathodic arc for deposition of high entropy alloy thin films." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27518.

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High entropy alloys (HEAs) were highly valued because of their unique and desirable properties. A HEA is defined as having at least five elements in equimolar or near equimolar ratios, and the concentration of each element is between 5% and 35%. HEAs have many desired properties, such as excellent hardness, thermal stability, high electrical and oxidation resistance, and excellent mechanical properties. These advantages grant HEAs to overcome the conventional alloys and be applied in various fields like tools with excellent hardness, high temperature and durable characteristics, magnetic films, and diffusion barriers. While physical vapour deposition is one of the most common deposition technics in the thin film deposition application, cathodic arc deposition was chosen for the current study because of its remarkable advantages, such as high ionization rate and high deposition efficiency. Though cathodic arc has been used widely across industry applications, its application for high entropy alloy has been limited. Therefore, further research and experimentation are required to improve fabrication efficiency. This thesis explores the plasma transportation associated with cathodic arc during HEA deposition. The high-speed framing camera examined the cathode spot motion as it is the primary plasma source. The deposition pattern and ion cross-section distribution experiment were conducted by deposition on the transparent plastic sheets under a range of operating parameters. The effectiveness of the electromagnetic coil was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the thin film samples on the silicon wafers. Overall, this work shows the different outcomes for various cathode current and electromagnetic coil current inputs to optimise the deposition conditions further.
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Syed, Muhammad Bilal. "Thermal Stability of Arc Evaporated ZrCrAlN." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nanostrukturerade material, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-84769.

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This research explores the thermal stability of ZrCrAlN material system. For this purpose fourteen different compositions of ZrCrAlN coatings were deposited onto tungsten carbide substrates by using reactive cathodic arc evaporation. These compositions were further annealed at 800oC, 900oC, 1000oC and 1100oC temperatures. EDS was employed to specify the compositions. The crystal structure of the coatings were analysed by XRD, and the hardness of these coatings was determined by Nanoindentation. The experimental findings reported a significant age hardening of Zr0.16Cr0.12Al0.72N and a delayed h-AlN formation in Zr0.07Cr0.40Al0.52N. ZrCrAlN was thus proved to be thermally stable.
Multifilms,A4:2 Growth and characterization of Multicomponent Nitrides by Magnetron Sputtering and Arc evaporation
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Veerasamy, Vijayen S. "Tetrahedral amorphous carbon : deposition, characterisation and electronic properties." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337824.

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Books on the topic "Cathodic Arc"

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Not less than everything: Catholic writers on heroes of conscience from Joan of Arc to Oscar Romero. New York: HarperOne, 2013.

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M, Stevens C. The wonderful story of Joan of Arc. Toronto: W. Briggs, 1997.

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R, Falardeau Ernest, National Association of Diocesan Ecumenical Officers (U.S.), and EDEO-NADEO Standing Committee II., eds. ARC soundings: A U.S. response to ARCIC I. Lanham, Md: University Press of America, 1990.

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Styczeń, Tadeusz. ABC etyki. 4th ed. Lublin: Red. Wydawnictw Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 1996.

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Les personnes homosexuelles: Un arc-en-ciel près des nuages. Namur: Fidélité, 2014.

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Beckwith, Barbara. Joan of Arc: God's warrior a seven-day retreat. Cincinnati, Ohio: St. Anthony Messenger Press, 2007.

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Werner, Neumann. The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode, with 31 figures and 6 tables. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1987.

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Mesi︠a︡t︠s︡, G. A. Cathode phenomena in a vacuum discharge: The breakdown, the spark and the arc. Moscow: Nauka Publishers, 2000.

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Sussman, Elisabeth. Mike Kelley: Catholic tastes. New York: Whitney Museum of American Art, 1993.

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1954-, Kelley Mike, Armstrong Richard, Whitney Museum of American Art., Los Angeles County Museum of Art., and Moderna museet (Stockholm Sweden), eds. Mike Kelley: Catholic tastes. New York: Whitney Museum of American Art, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cathodic Arc"

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Anders, André. "Cathodic Arc Sources." In Cathodic Arcs, 227–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79108-1_5.

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Anders, André. "Cathodic Arc Technology." In Encyclopedia of Tribology, 311–18. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_1059.

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Peroulis, Dimitrios, Prashant R. Waghmare, Sushanta K. Mitra, Supone Manakasettharn, J. Ashley Taylor, Tom N. Krupenkin, Wenguang Zhu, et al. "Cathodic Arc Deposition." In Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, 403. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9751-4_100113.

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Anders, André. "Some Applications of Cathodic Arc Coatings." In Cathodic Arcs, 429–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79108-1_10.

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Vergason, Gary. "Cathodic Arc Vapor Deposition." In Medical Coatings and Deposition Technologies, 553–79. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119308713.ch16.

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Anders, André. "A Brief History of Cathodic Arc Coating." In Cathodic Arcs, 7–74. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79108-1_2.

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Panwar, O. S., Ajay Kesarwani, Atul Bisht, Sreekumar Chockalingam, S. R. Dhakate, B. P. Singh, and R. K. Rakshit. "Synthesis of Multilayer Graphene by Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc Technique." In Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 651–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03002-9_166.

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Anders, André. "PVD: Cathodic Arc and High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HIPIMS)." In Encyclopedia of Tribology, 2711–17. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92897-5_688.

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Chun, S. Y. "Metal Plasma Source Ion Implantation Using a Pulsed Cathodic Arc." In Progress in Powder Metallurgy, 1397–400. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-419-7.1397.

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MacKenzie, M., AJ Craven, WAP Nicholson, and P. Hatto. "Effects of the sputter cleaning process in cathodic arc evaporation." In Electron Microscopy and Analysis 1997, 319–22. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003063056-82.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cathodic Arc"

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Fulton, Michael. "Review of cathodic arc depositon." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.2001.md1.

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Umstattd, R., T. Pi, N. Luhmann, G. Scheitrum, O. Monteiro, and L. Brown. "Cathodic arc deposition of barium oxide for oxide-coated cathodes." In Proceedings of 25th International Conference on Plasma Sciences. IEEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.1998.677800.

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Zhao, L. R., O. Lupandina, V. V. Pankov, and R. C. McKellar. "Microstructures of NiCrAlY Coating Applied on CMSX-4 by Cathodic Arc Deposition." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25537.

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NiCrAlY overlay coatings were applied on Ni-base single-crystal superalloy CMSX-4 substrates by cathodic arc deposition. The coated specimens were subjected to one- and two-step heat treatments performed under 870°C/20h/AC (AC stands for air cooling) and 1140°C/6h/AC+870°C/20h/AC conditions, respectively. The microstructure of the original NiCrAlY cathodes fabricated by spark plasma sintering and the as-deposited as well as heat-treated coatings were characterized using the scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. It was observed that the cathodes contained multiple phases uniformly distributed across the cathode volume. The as-deposited coatings exhibited a duplex microstructure consisting of splats and inter-splat regions with the latter showing internal porosity and a significantly lower Al concentration compared to that of the cathodes. The post-deposition heat treatments eliminated the porosity but further reduced the Al content, resulting in a coating microstructure dominated by the solid solution γ-Ni phase. The total thickness of the coating including the interdiffusion zone increased significantly during the two-step heat treatment. The oxide scale formed on the coating surface during heat treatment consisted primarily of α-Al2O3, with Y2O3 pegs underpinning the scale to the coating. The oxide scale was continuous on the smooth sections of the coating surface, but became fragmented at the protruding macroparticles present on the coating surface.
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Oates, T. W. H. "Investigations Of A Pulsed Cathodic Vacuum Arc." In PLASMA PHYSICS: 11th International Congress on Plasma Physics: ICPP2002. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1593929.

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Wang, Zhi, Ruoyu Han, and Jinyue Geng. "A Platform for Investigating Pulsed Vacuum Arc in Micro-cathodic Arc Thruster." In 2022 IEEE 5th International Electrical and Energy Conference (CIEEC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cieec54735.2022.9846778.

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Fulton, Michael L. "Optical coatings using the Filtered Cathodic Arc process." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.2004.mf1.

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Ronis, Anton, and Igal Kronhaus. "Spatial Spectroscopic Analysis of a Cathodic Arc Jet." In AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2019-0738.

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Liu, Xuanyong, Weifeng Li, Anping Huang, and Paul K. Chu. "Biomedical Zirconia Films Synthesized by Cathodic Arc Plasma Deposition." In 2007 IEEE Pulsed Power Plasma Science Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ppps.2007.4345829.

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Eun-Hyun Bae, Min-Suk Oh, Jun-Hee Hong, Jin-Woo Jun, Jin-An Jung, and Han-Bong Kim. "Industrial applications of cathodic-arc and RF/DC magnetron plasma." In International Conference on Plasma Science (papers in summary form only received). IEEE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.1995.531624.

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Williams, J. M., C. C. Klepper, D. J. Chivers, R. C. Hazelton, J. H. Freeman, Edmund G. Seebauer, Susan B. Felch, Amitabh Jain, and Yevgeniy V. Kondratenko. "Operation and Applications of the Boron Cathodic Arc Ion Source." In ION IMPLANTATION TECHNOLOGY: 17th International Conference on Ion Implantation Technology. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3033664.

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Reports on the topic "Cathodic Arc"

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Anders, S., A. Anders, M. R. Dickinson, R. A. MacGill, and I. G. Brown. S-shaped magnetic macroparticle filter for cathodic arc deposition. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/409856.

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Byon, Eungsun, and Andre Anders. Effect of underlayer on coalescence of silver islands grown byfiltered cathodic arc deposition. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/894555.

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Anders, S., C. S. Bhatia, W. Fong, R. Y. Lo, and D. B. Bogy. Application of cathodic arc deposited amorphous hard carbon films to the head/disk tribology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/663565.

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Wood, B. P., W. A. Reass, and I. Henins. Plasma source ion implantation of metal ions: Synchronization of cathodic-arc plasma production and target bias pulses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/52820.

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Yousef, Yohanna, and Nadia Butti. “There is No Safety”: The Intersectional Experiences of Chaldean Catholic and Orthodox Women in Iraq . Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.026.

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This CREID Policy Briefing provides recommendations to address the marginalisation and discrimination faced by Chaldean Catholic Christian women in Iraq. Christian communities in Iraq have faced threats and discrimination throughout their history. Their numbers have declined considerably in recent years as more Christians have been displaced or forced to migrate due to war, occupation and persecution. This research, which focuses on the experiences of Chaldean Catholic and Orthodox women and men in Iraq, demonstrates the commonalities among different groups of Christian women and men. However, it also highlights the specific challenges facing Christian women, interlinked with their identities as women who are part of a religious minority and to their geographic location.
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Benson, Vivienne, and Jenny C. Aker. Improving Adult Literacy in Niger Through Mobile Calls to Teachers. Institute of Development Studies and The Impact Initiative, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii368.

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In Niger, one of the poorest countries in the world, 85 per cent of adults are unable to read or write, even in local languages. Adult education programmes can be a route to improving adult literacy rates, but non-governmental organisation (NGO) and government schemes are characterised with low enrolment, high dropout, and poor teacher attendance. In partnership with the Ministry of Education, Catholic Relief Services, the Sahel Group, and Tufts University, regular phone calls and motivational support were given to teachers to encourage and monitor attendance of adult education programmes between 2018 and 2019. The impact of this project directly led to improved reading and maths scores. Based on this evidence, the approach has been tested by the Ministry of Education in primary schools.
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Mahat, Marian, Vivienne Awad, Christopher Bradbeer, Chengxin Guo, Wesley Imms, and Julia Morris. Furniture for Engagement. University of Melbourne, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124374.

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The aim of the study was to explore the impact of furniture and spatial settings on teachers and students. Drawing on a case study action research approach involving surveys, two primary schools (Frangipani and Jasmine Primary School) within the Sydney Catholic Schools were involved as case study sites. This report provides a summary of the findings of the impact of furniture and spatial settings on teacher efficacy, teacher mind frames, student learning and student engagement as well as perceptions of students on the furniture and spatial settings. In summary, teachers’ perceptions of their mind frames, student learning and engagement increased after the introduction of furniture in the prototype learning environment. For one teacher, the perception of their efficacy did not improve after the implementation of the prototype space and furniture. In terms of students’ perceptions of the furniture, a large proportion of students agreed that they enjoyed learning and are more motivated to learn because of the new furniture. At Jasmine Primary School, a fifth of students felt that they were not motivated to learn because of the new furniture. Further in-depth study is required to find out the underlying reasons for this. Key themes that emerged from the qualitative data on the furniture and spatial settings focus on characteristics of furniture that afforded comfort, improved concentration and auditory qualities, supported collaboration, and capacity for choice. These are important considerations to drive decisions in school designs and furniture purchases. The importance of good furniture in a learning space cannot be underestimated. New learning environments and furniture demand and create new possibilities for teacher practices and student learning. The findings of the study, whilst limited in its scale, provides three crucial considerations relating to the importance of prototyping, professional learning and longitudinal data. These carry ramifications for wider understanding and future research. Future inquiry in these three key areas can provide the much-needed evidence to support schools’ transition into new learning environments.
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