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Di Giacomo, Dina, Lucia S. De Federicis, and Domenico Passafiume. "Capacitŕ di associazione semantica nei bambini in etŕ prescolare e scolare." RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA, no. 1 (March 2010): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rip2009-001001.
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Le ricerche sullo sviluppo della rete semantica presenti in letteratura sono numerose e sono state condotte sui processi sottostanti la strutturazione della capacitŕ semantica utilizzando diversi approcci di studio. Nel presente lavoro abbiamo studiato lo sviluppo e l'utilizzo delle categorie di associazione semantica in etŕ pre-scolare e scolare. L'obiettivo č la verifica della presenza e dell'uso di categorie semantiche nel periodo dello sviluppo cognitivo e se dipenda dall'inserimento in un percorso scolastico strutturato, o sia ascrivibile all'esperienza diretta delbambino; le ipotesi che abbiamo voluto verificare sono la progressivitŕ della competenza nell'utilizzazione di categorie associative nel corso della infanzia e che la competenza nell'uso delle categorie di associazione non sia dovuta alla scolarizzazione. Alla presente ricerca hanno partecipato 129 bambini (64 maschi e 65 femmine) di etŕ compresa tra i 50,8 mesi (± 3.0) ed i 92,4 mesi (± 4,0), divisi in 4 gruppi, dal secondo anno di scuola materna al secondo anno della scuola elementare. I bambini sono stati sottoposti ad un compito di associazione semantica. Le categorie prese in considerazione sono: Funzione, Parte-tutto, Contiguitŕ, Attributo, Superordinata. I risultati hanno evidenziato la presenza di differenze significative nell'uso delle cinque categorie in relazione all'etŕ dei bambini. In particolare, la capacitŕ di utilizzare la Funzione č apparsa significativamente migliore rispetto alla categoria Superordinata; inoltre le differenze tra le categorie variano con il crescere dell'etŕ.
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Dapit, Roberto. "Relazioni semantiche tra lo Sloveno standard e i dialetti con riferimento alle lungue di interazione." Linguistica 49, no. 1 (December 29, 2009): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.49.1.277-293.
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Il contributo si propone mettere a confronto, sul piano semantico, un corpus lessicale dialettale con le relative voci della lingua standard contemplate nello slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika. Il tentativo di analisi semantica viene realizzato sulla base di nomi di luogo rilevati a Resia che, in questa sede, vengono classificati in varie categorie secondo il livello di convergenza individuato tra i due livelli linguistici. Oltre al resiano si tiene conto nella discussione anche di altre varietà, in particolare del dialetto del Torre e, a causa dell’intensa interazione, del friulano, da cui deri- vano numerosi toponimi; il tedesco invece ha svolto in questo senso un ruolo assai limitato.Secondo i risultati dell’analisi, la categoria più numerosa comprende voci che indicano un’ampia convergenza tra i livelli della lingua slovena (51,30%), mentre risulta piuttosto limitata la categoria della divergenza (9,67%); la categoria delle voci desemantizzate assume invece un peso maggiore (21,93%); i prestiti, provenienti quasi esclusivamente dall’ambito romanzo e prevalentemente friulano, compongono l’ultima e relativamente ampia categoria (17,10%).L’autore sottolinea inoltre la questione del rapporto instauratosi non soltanto tra i livelli linguistici ma anche tra questi e le lingue di interazione. Infatti, oltre a constatare che i tratti semantici individuati nei nomi di luogo resiani confermano, anche sul piano della semantica, una stretta relazione con la lingua standard, ovvero la lingua slovena centrale, pone l’accento sulla necessità di definire, anche attraverso un processo di analisi etimologica, alcuni altri aspetti. Si riferisce più precisamente alle caratteristiche semantiche del lessico appartenente a sistemi lingusitici che si sono sviluppati in una dimensione di interazione linguistica e culturale. L’accento viene posto infine sulla rilevanza dei dati riguardanti la storia del lessico auspicando una ricerca che tenga conto della diversità linguistica e delle relazioni tra le lingue. Un simile approccio infatti consentirebbe non soltanto di approfondire le conoscenze relative all’evoluzione della semantica e alla lessicografia, ma anche di comprendere una condizione in cui la convivenza di varie lingue e culture è destinata normalmente a svolgere, nel lungo periodo, un ruolo preminente.
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Castiglioni, Marco, Elena Faccio, Guido Veronese, Annalisa Poiana Mosolo, and Richard C. Bell. "Disturbi alimentari e costruzione del significato." PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE, no. 3 (November 2011): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/pds2011-003001.
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Secondo l'approccio sistemico-costruzionista la psicopatologia č una "scienza del significato": i disturbi psicopatologici sono legati a specifiche dimensioni semantiche e alla posizione occupata dai singoli individui nel loro contesto familiare. La semantica del potere č considerata la dimensione di significato critica per le persone che presentano disturbi alimentari (anoressia, bulimia, obesitŕ). Scopo della ricerca č sottoporre al vaglio empirico la teoria che connette i disturbi del comportamento alimentare (DCA) alla semantica del potere, formulando l'ipotesi che i significati personali "vincente/perdente" e i loro correlati siano predominanti per questi pazienti.. I costrutti personali di 30 giovani DCA (suddivisi in 10 obesi, 10 anoressiche, 10 bulimiche) sono stati rilevati utilizzando la tecnica delle Griglie di Repertorio (Kelly, 1955) e posti a confronto con quelli di un gruppo di controllo composto da 30 soggetti normo-peso. I costrutti personali sono stati classificati in categorie semantiche e i dati confrontati attraverso opportune analisi statistiche. Dai risultati emerge che i costrutti del gruppo DCA sono correlati alla semantica del potere piů di quelli del gruppo di controllo, confermando le ipotesi formulate, sebbene l'interpretazione dei dati relativi ai sottogruppi appaia meno chiara. Tali risultati sono discussi alla luce sia delle loro implicazioni cliniche sia dei vincoli metodologici della ricerca.
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Blust, Robert A. "Lexical Reconstruction and Semantic Reconstruction." Diachronica 4, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1987): 79–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.4.1-2.05blu.
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SUMMARY In their book of 1974, Lexical Reconstruction: The case of the Proto-Athapaskan kinship system, Isidore Dyen and David F. Aberle developed a methodology for matching reconstructed morphemes with semantic categories. The promise that their contribution holds out to the linguist and to the culture-historian is that of a rigorous tool of historical inference free from the arbitrariness sometimes associated with the linguistic treatment of meaning. In fact, Dyen & Aberle themselves arbitrarily exclude the possibility that a proto-meaning could differ from the meanings of all its reflexes and yet be inferrable. As a consequence, they are concerned not with semantic reconstruction, but with the matching of reconstructed forms and predetermined semantic categories. In this paper the Dyen-Aberle approach to diachronic semantics ('lexical reconstruction1) is juxtaposed with a less formalized but more widely employed approach ('semantic reconstruction') in which meaning is not presupposed, but is defined by contrast. Each approach is applied to five Austronesian cognate sets that are widely distributed in the meaning "house". It is concluded that the semantic history of these forms cannot be represented adequately, and is in certain respects seriously obscured by the method of lexical reconstruction. RÉSUMÉ Dans leur livre Lexical Reconstruction: The case of the Proto-Athapas-kan kinship system (Cambridge, 1974), I. Dyen et D. F. Aberle ont développe une méthodologie pour accorder des morphemes reconstruits avec des categories semantiques. La promesse d'une telle approche est de donner au linguiste et a l'historien d'une civilisation un outil rigoreux de deduction historique depourvu de l'arbitraire parfois associe avec le traitment linguistique du sens. En effet, Dyen & Aberle eux-memes exclurent arbitrairement la possibilité qu'un proto-sens pourrait differer de toutes de ses reflexes et qu'il serait pourtant deductible. Par consequence, ils ont affaire a l'accorde-ment des formes reconstruites avec des categories semantiques predeterminees et non pas avec la reconstruction semantique. Dans cet article, 1'approche de Dyen & Aberle à la semantique diachronique — la 'reconstruction lexicale' — est juxtaposee avec une approche moins formalisee mais plus largement employee — la 'reconstruction semantique' — dans laquelle le sens n'est pas predetermine, mais defini par contraste. Les deux approches sont appliquees a des ensembles lexicaux tires de cinq langues austro-asiennes apparentees qui sont dispersees dans le sens de "maison". La conclusion de la comparai-son entre ces deux approches est que l'histoire semantique de ces formes ne peut pas etre representee d'une facon adequate et que la methode de reconstruction lexicale rend 1'analyse semantique serieusement obscure en plusieurs egards. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG In ihrem Buch d.J. 1974, Lexical Reconstruction: The case of the Proto-Athapaskan kinship system, Isidore Dyen und David F. Aberle entwickelten ei-ne Methodologie, urn rekonstruierte Morpheme mit semantischen Kategorien in Einklang zu bringen. Ihr Ansatz versprach dem Linguisten und dem Kulturhis-toriker ein rigoroses Werkzeug historischer Inferenz an die Hand zu geben, welches frei von der Willkür ist, die man oftmals der sprachwissenschaftli-chen Behandlung der Bedeutung vorwirft. In der Tat schlieBen Dyen & Aberle selbst auf willkiirliche Weise die Moglichkeit aus, daB eine urspriingliche Bedeutung von den von ihr abgeleiteten Bedeutungen verschieden ist, jedoch dennoch von ihnen abgeleitet werden kann. M.a.W. Dyen & Aberle behandeln keine semantische Rekonstruktion, sondern begniigen sich mit einem Versuch, rekonstruierte Formen mit vorherbestimmten semantischen Kategorien in Dek-kung zu bringen. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird der Dyen-Aberle'sche Ansatz einer diachronen Semantik ('lexikalische Rekonstruktion') mit einem weniger formalisierten, jedoch weitlaufigerem Ansatz kontrastiert, namlich dem der 'semantischen Rekonstruktion', in der die Bedeutung nicht vorausgesetzt, sondern durch kontrastiven Vergleich gewonnen wird. Beide Ansatze werden auf lexikalische Gruppen von fiinf miteinander verwandten austronesischen Sprachen angewendet, die alle die Bedeutung "Haus" in irgendeiner Weise zum Inhalt haben. Die SchluBfolgerung aus diesem Vergleich der beiden Ansatze ist, daB die Bedeutungsgeschichte dieser Formen nicht angemessen wiederge-geben werden kann und daB in vielen Hinsichten die Methode der 'lexikali-schen Rekonstruktion' diese darüberhinaus noch verdunkelt.
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Stein, Dieter. "Semantic Similarity between Categories as a Vehicle of Linguistic Change." Diachronica 5, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1988): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.5.1-2.02ste.
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SUMMARY The paper discusses three instances of linguistic change from the history of English which seem to involve semantic similarity between linguistic categories in the pattern of internal evolution. One case concerns the generalization of a personal ending within the same person category across number categories. The second one deals with the transfer of a syntactic strategy from one person category to a semantically similar one, also involving the second person category, and the third example tries to account for the sequential diffusion of a syntactic innovation (rise of do periphrasis) through different types of w/z-question by appealing to a notion of semantic similarity to the original or most weighted context of the innovation (yes-no questions). It is argued that although semantic similarity defines directionalities of syntactic and morphological change, it is dependent on the operation of further forces, such as a motivation to generalize, to become operative in linguistic change. The paper includes a general discussion of theoretical difficulties associated with the notion 'similarity'. RÉSUMÉ L'expose discute trois cas de changement linguistique dans l'histoire de la langue anglaise dont I'évolution interne est caractérisée par des effets d'une dimension de ressemblance sémantique entre des catégories linguistiques. Le premier exemple concerne la généralisation d'un suffixe personnel d'une catégorie de nombre k l'autre au sein de la meme catégorie personnelle. Le deuxième se réfere k la transmission d'une stratégic syntaxique d'une categorie personnelle a un autre, qui lui ressemble sur le plan sémantique, en utilisant la deuxième personne. Dans le troisieme exemple donc il est essayé de qualifier la diffusion d'innovations syntaxiques, qui succèdent 1'un k l'autre (la naissance de la périphrase de do), k cause des types divers de questions partielles (qui commencent par wh) par une conception de ressemblance sémantique, de contexte de depart de l'innovation ou de contexte auquel est attachee l'importance la plus grande (questions totales). H est argumente que, bien que la ressemblance semantique determine les directionalites des changements syntaxiques et morphologiques, la ressemblance est en plus dependante d'autres facteurs (comme par exemple de la generalisation de la motivation) pour en effet declencher un procès de changment linguistique. L'expose traite egalement quelques difficultes theoriques qui resultent du concept psychologique de 'ressemblance'. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Der Aufsatz diskutiert drei Falle von Sprachwandel aus der Geschichte der englischen Sprache, deren interne Entwicklung sas Wirken einer Dimension semantischer Ahnlichkeit zwischen linguistischen Kategorien nahelegt. Das erste Beispiel betrifft die Generalisierung einer Personen-Endung inner-halb ein- und derselben Personenkategorie von einer Numeruskategorie zu einer anderen. Das zweite bezieht sich auf die Obertragung einer syntaktischen Strategic von einer Personenkategorie auf eine semantisch ahnliche unter Einbeziehung der zweiten Person. Im dritten Beispiel schließlich wird ver-sucht, die Diffusion von zeitlich aufeinanderfolgenden syntaktischen Innova-tionen (das Entstehen der doPeriphrase) durch die verschiedenen Typen von wh-Fragen durch ein Konzept semantischer Ahnlichkeit zum Ausgangskontext der innovation oder zum am starksten gewichteten Kontext zu erklaren (yes-no Fragen). Es wird argumentiert, daß, obwohl die semantische Ahnlichkeit die Direktionalitaten syntaktischer und morphologischer Veranderungen bestimmt, diese zusatzlich von weiteren Faktoren abhängig ist (wie z.B. von der Generalisierung der Motivation), um einen Sprachwandelprozess tatsachlich auszulosen. Der Aufsatz geht auch kurz auf die theoretischen Schwierigkeiten ein, die mit dem psychologischen Begriff 'Ahnlichkeit' verbunden sind.
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Arkhipova, I. V. "ACTUALIZATION OF THE СATEGORIAL SEMANTICS OF FINAL TAXIS IN THE MODERN GERMAN LANGUAGE." Siberian Philological Forum 20, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25146/2587-7844-2022-20-3-130.
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This article deals with the issue of actualization of the categorical semantics of final taxis in the German language. The aim of the work is to identify and describe final taxis categorial situations in the statements with prepositional deverbatives. The study was carried out within the framework of the functional-semantic approach to the study of semantic categories. The material of the study is 6,000 statements obtained from the electronic database of the German Dictionary (Dwds). The study found that the categorial semantics of the final taxis of simultaneity is actualized in the statements with the monotaxis prepositions of final semantics für, zu, zwecks. Destinative and definitive categorial situations of the final taxis of simultaneity are actualized in such statements.
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Аrhipova, I. V. "CONSECUTIVE TAXIS IN THE ASPECT OF INTERCATEGORIAL INTERACTION (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF DIFFERENT-STRUCTURED LANGUAGES)." Siberian Philological Forum 17, no. 5 (December 30, 2021): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25146/2587-7844-2021-17-4-101.
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Statement of the problem. Due to the lack of coverage of the issue of intercategorial interaction of various functional-semantic categories, this problem remains the most relevant today. The focus of our research is the problem of intercategorial inclusion of the functional-semantic category of taxis and the category of consecutivity. Intercategorial inclusion of these categories determines the constitution of consecutive-taxis semantic syncretic complexes and the actualization of consecutive-taxis categorial situations of simultaneity in statements with monotaxis prepositions of consecutive semantics. The purpose of this article is to describe the actualization of consecutive-taxis categorial situations of simultaneity in different-structured languages: German, English, Dutch, Russian, and Polish. Methodology (materials and methods). The material was the statements of the German, Dutch, English, Russian, and Polish languages with monotaxic prepositions of the consecutive semantics infolge, ingevolge, krachtens, wskutek, w skutku, skutkiem, na skutek, w wyniku, w efekcie, w rezultaci, вследствие, в результате. The main methods used were the following: continuous sampling, hypothetical-deductive, inductive, and descriptive methods, classification method, as well as the method of synthesis and interpretation of linguistic material. Research results. It was found out that German, English, Dutch, Polish, and Russian statements with monotaxis prepositions of the consecutive semantics infolge, ingevolge, krachtens, wskutek, w skutku, skutkiem, na skutek, w wyniku, w efekcie, w rezultaci, вследствие, в результате, represent consequently taxis semantic syncretic complexes of simultaneity. They actualize consecutive-taxis categorical situations of simultaneity. Monotaxis prepositions of consecutive semantics act as markers of consecutive-taxis categorial situations of simultaneity. Deverbatives in combination with consecutive prepositions act as taxis actualizers.
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Bache, Carl. "The semantics of grammatical categories: a dialectical approach." Journal of Linguistics 21, no. 1 (March 1985): 51–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700010021.
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In this paper I want to present a practical descriptive approach to the semantics of grammatical categories, especially of the binary type involving two forms only. In doing so, I hope to be able to attract the attention of linguists concerned with the structure of a comprehensive semantic theory of human language. Substitutional relations of a grammatical kind (as opposed to syntactic and lexical relations) are too often neglected in textbooks on modern semantics. For example, in Ruth Kempson's otherwise excellent introduction to semantic theory (Kempson, 1977), there is no mention of the semantics of grammatical categories at all. In my view, not only must such Substitutional relations be accommodated within a total theory of semantics – even on a narrow definition of the discipline – but they may provide important insights into the nature of meaning which will affect some of the current suppositions in semantic theory. In particular I shall attempt to shed light on the role of ‘subjectivity’ – a notion which is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore and which challenges the very common restriction among semanticists of the scope of semantics to just a truth-conditional component.
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Goddard, Cliff. "A Semantic Menagerie: The Conceptual Semantics of Ethnozoological Categories." Russian Journal of Linguistics 22, no. 3 (2018): 539–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9182-2018-22-3-539-559.
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Izura, Cristina, Natividad Hernández-MuÑoz, and Andrew W. Ellis. "Category norms for 500 Spanish words in five semantic categories." Behavior Research Methods 37, no. 3 (August 2005): 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03192708.
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POWER, JOHN, and EDMUND ROBINSON. "Premonoidal categories and notions of computation." Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 7, no. 5 (October 1997): 453–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129597002375.
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We introduce the notions of premonoidal category and premonoidal functor, and show how these can be used in the denotational semantics of programming languages. We characterize the semantic definitions of Eugenio Moggi's monads as notions of computation, exhibit a representation theorem for our premonoidal setting in terms of monads, and give a fibrational setting for the structure.
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Arkhipova, I. V. "Iterative-Taxis Intercategorial Interaction in German and Russian." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 24, no. 2 (May 17, 2022): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2022-24-2-194-202.
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The article features iterative-taxis categorical situations of simultaneity and non-simultaneity in German and Russian. The functional and semantic categories of taxis and iteration are closely interrelated. The intersection and syncretic unification of these functional-semantic categories makes it possible to define the model of their intercategorial interaction as a model of intercategorical crossing. Intercategorical crossing of taxis and iterative categories determines the actualization of various iterative-taxis categorical situations of simultaneity and non-simultaneity. They are actualized in iterative statements of various subtypes, e.g., verbal-iterative, deverbial-iterative, attributive-iterative, adverbial-iterative, etc., which contain iterative deverbatives, iterative verbs, and iterative quantifiers, i.e., attributes and adverbials. German and Russian proved to have such varieties of iterative-taxis categorial situations of simultaneity and non-simultaneity as (1) deverbative-iterative, (2) verbaliterative, and (3) adverbial-iterative and attributive-iterative. Actualization of certain iterative-taxis categorial situations of simultaneity and non-simultaneity depends on genetically-iterative, genetically-multiplicative, and word-formation-iterative deverbatives, as well as on iterative verbs of different semantics (actual iteratives, diminutives, multiplicatives, distributives, etc.) and iterative quantifiers (attributes and adverbials).
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GRIFFIN, MICHAEL J. "WHAT DOES ARISTOTLE CATEGORIZE? SEMANTICS AND THE EARLY PERIPATETIC READING OF THE CATEGORIES." Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 55, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 69–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-5370.2012.00035.x.
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Kirkovs’ka, Inga. "CATEGORY OF FUTURALITY WITHIN THE SYSTEM OF MODUS CATEGORIES." Problems of General and Slavic Linguistics, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/251906.
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The aim of the investigation under consideration is to study the nature of the category of futurality within the system of modus categories in the French language. The object of the work is the category of futurality in contemporary French, the subject is the study of the category of futurality in contemporary French within the system of modus categories of evidentiality, modality and persuasiveness. In the course of the study, the distinctions between modality and modus have been outlined, the place of the category of futurality within the modus categories has been identified, the peculiarity of the category of futurality as a modus category has been analysed. Conclusions: the peculiarity of futurality as a modus category is that it belongs to the modus categories denoting action/event, real in the future “in the speaker’s view”. In this sense the category of futurality is closer to the categories of modality (real information stated by the speaker) and predicativity (confidence in the information stated by the speaker) in meaning, whereas differing from them by the semantics of the stated temporality denoting the relation of consequence in reference to the moment of speaking. The category of futurality is connected with other modus categories: category of assertion with semantics of neutral prospection, category of persuasiveness with the seme of assurance in reference to the future and category of modality with the seme of reality in reference to the future. The major types of modal meanings forming the modus category of futurality are: 1) speaker’s estimation of the subject matter of the utterance from the perspective of reality/irreality in the future; 2) estimation of the environment of the utterance from the perspective of probability/necessity/desirability in the future; 3) speaker’s estimation of the level of assurance (persuasiveness) of the subject matter of the utterance from the perspective of the future; 4) communicative function of the utterance defined by the purpose of the speaker from the perspective of the future (wish, intention, preference); 5) confirmation/negation of objective relations between objects, phenomena, events of the future.
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WANG, YINGXU. "ON FORMAL AND COGNITIVE SEMANTICS FOR SEMANTIC COMPUTING." International Journal of Semantic Computing 04, no. 02 (June 2010): 203–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x10000833.
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Semantics is the meaning of symbols, notations, concepts, functions, and behaviors, as well as their relations that can be deduced onto a set of predefined entities and/or known concepts. Semantic computing is an emerging computational methodology that models and implements computational structures and behaviors at semantic or knowledge level beyond that of symbolic data. In semantic computing, formal semantics can be classified into the categories of to be, to have, and to do semantics. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of formal and cognitive semantics for semantic computing in the fields of computational linguistics, software science, computational intelligence, cognitive computing, and denotational mathematics. A set of novel formal semantics, such as deductive semantics, concept-algebra-based semantics, and visual semantics, is introduced that forms a theoretical and cognitive foundation for semantic computing. Applications of formal semantics in semantic computing are presented in case studies on semantic cognition of natural languages, semantic analyses of computing behaviors, behavioral semantics of human cognitive processes, and visual semantic algebra for image and visual object manipulations.
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ACQUAVIVA, PAOLO. "The categories of Modern Irish verbal inflection." Journal of Linguistics 50, no. 3 (June 5, 2014): 537–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226714000176.
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This paper sets out to identify the categories underlying Irish verbal inflection and to explain why they have their observed morphological and semantic properties. Assuming that the semantic range of a tense is a function of the whole clause, it derives the tenses of Irish from three syntactic features. Their basic value and position in the clause, along with that of other independently justified formatives, determines the attested range of interpretations for each tense, while the way they are spelled out determines the observed morphological patterns. Since the analysis of verbal categories is based on their syntactic realization, the same explanation accounts for the paradigmatic structure of Irish conjugation and for various syntagmatic phenomena of contextual allomorphy. A language-specific investigation thus claims a broader theoretical significance as an exploration of the interconnected workings of syntax, morphology, and semantics.
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Patel, Ritul, Dhaval Bhoi, and Dr Amit Thakkar. "Aspect Category Detection." Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/cseij.2022.12112.
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The major subtask of Sentiment analysis based on aspects (ABSA) is the category of aspectdetection (ACD). Due to the subjectivity inherent in categorizing, as well as the occurrence of overlapping classes, it is a difficult challenge to solve. Rule-based techniques, as well as other machine learning approaches, have been used to tackle ACD, and a majority of them are statistical behavior. We employed an association rulebased method in this article. We developed a mixed principle strategy that incorporates both association rule mining and semantics associations to address the statistical limitations of association rules. We employed the concept of word-embed for semantic linkages. The experiments were carried out using the SemEval dataset, which is a standardized set of data for categorizing features industry. We discovered how semantic connections could help to enhance classification accuracy by complementing statistical associations. The proposed method outperforms several statistical methods.
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Dontchenko, Elena V. "THE INTERRELATION AMONG THE CATEGORIE OF TAXIS AND OTHER SEMANTIC CATEGORIES IN FRENCH AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES." HUMANITARIAN RESEARCHES 59, no. 3 (2016): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-4936.2016.59.3.044-051.
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Westbury, Chris, and Geoff Hollis. "Conceptualizing syntactic categories as semantic categories: Unifying part-of-speech identification and semantics using co-occurrence vector averaging." Behavior Research Methods 51, no. 3 (September 13, 2018): 1371–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-1118-4.
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Arkhipova, I. V. "MUTUAL RELATIONS IN THE SPHERE OF TEMPORAL CATEGORIES (based on the German language)." Siberian Philological Forum 21, no. 4 (November 30, 2022): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.25146/2587-7844-2022-21-4-133.
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Statement of the problem. Due to the lack of coverage of issues describing inter-categorial relations in the sphere of interaction between taxis and other related semantic categories involved in the verbalization of the idea of time, this problem is relevant today. The purpose of this paper is to describe inter-categorial relations in the field of integrative interaction of inter-connected functional and semantic categories: taxis, temporality, aspectuality, and temporal localization. Methodology (materials and methods). The research is carried out within the framework of a functional and semantic approach to the study and description of semantic categories. The main methods used are: the method of directed sampling, hypothetical-deductive, inductive, descriptive methods, classification method, as well as a method of generalization and interpretation of linguistic material. The research material includes statements with taxis prepositions obtained by the method of directed sampling from the Leipzig National Corpus, the Russian National Corpus and the German Electronic Dictionary. Research results. In the course of the study, it was found out that due to the inter-categorial crossing of functional and semantic categories of taxis, temporality, aspectuality and temporal localization in German statements with prepositional deverbatives, various variants of primary-taxis categorial situations of simultaneity, precedence and consecution are actualized.
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Vladimirska, Elena, Jelena Gridina, and Daina Turlā-Pastare. "Discourse Markers of French: Multifaceted Look at a Controversial Category." Kalbotyra 74 (September 15, 2021): 268–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/kalbotyra.2021.74.14.
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In this paper, we discuss the question of discourse markers (DM) – a category conceived differently by theoretical and applied linguistic approaches. Unlike in applied approaches, in which DMs are considered desemantized/grammaticalized lexical units devoid of their own semantics and therefore of status in the language, we consider DMs to constitute a full-fledged category of language, having its own semantics and distribution, both of which play a crucial role in the construction of discourse (Paillard 2011, 2012; Franckel 2008, 2019). This hypothesis has been developed in theoretical linguistics and has seen little evidence from a perspective of the acquisition and didactics of foreign languages. Based on cross-analysis of linguistic theories (Benveniste 1974; Ducrot 1980; Hopper & Traugott 1993; Culioli 1990,1999; Franckel & Paillard 2008) and on distributional analysis of data of the spoken corpora, we show that the absence of specific linguistic status for DMs has repercussions at the didactic and acquisition levels: DMs are generally approached in an ad hoc manner, all functions combined, which leads on the one hand to gaps in the acquisition of French and, on the other hand, to the ambiguity of criteria for evaluation. Therefore, at the level of applied linguistics, we suggest the integration of DMs in the learning path as a full category, an integration that must be carried out on several axes – semantic, syntax and prosodic – and be based on an authentic oral corpora of the spoken language. At the theoretical level, we use transversal analysis in order to give yet another argument in favor of a semantical-enunciative approach to discursive markers.
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Utami, Noor Amalia, and Sailal Arimi. "Semantic of Banjarese Prepositions: Cognitive Semantics." Deskripsi Bahasa 4, no. 2 (October 29, 2021): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/db.v4i2.4732.
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Spatial system is fundamental in any language. This makes each language has spatial system which in some extent distinctive one another. Study of spatial system commonly found within cognitive linguistics area which takes preposition as object of study as the present research does. Banjarese, as one of local languages in Indonesia, indicates a unique spatial system by having particular spatial particles. Data collection is based on the questionnaire where the respondents are 153 native Banjareses. The result shows that Banjarese have eight spatial prepositions which classified into three categories based on the vector direction. Preposition di, where it is used excessively, is a placement preposition where there is no movement in the configuration. On the other hand, source and goal directive preposition carry vector from and toward the LM respectively. Source-directive prepositions are di, dari, matan, and pada. Meanwhile, goal-directive prepositions are ka, taka, baka, and ampah. Particular spatial expression such as hulu (upstream), hilir (downstream), laut (sea), and darat(land) are found generated from river life. All these four spatial particles are based on river stream direction. Hulu and hilir take horizontal relation toward river while laut and darat are perpendicular to river line that extends further or nearby toward river.
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Derdzakyan, Hripsime A. "Functional Category of Aspectuality in the Russian And English Languages." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 12, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2021-12-1-41-60.
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This article studies functional and semantic Tense/Aspect complexes in Russian and English, focusing on their similarities and differences. In Russian, Tense-Aspect meanings of the verb forms correlate with the semantic components of Aktionsart, while in English both Imperfective and Perfective aspects of the verb semantics are realized by the constituent category of Tense/Aspect. The inner asymmetry of the verb forms and meanings is acknowledged for each of the contrastive languages, especially for the two languages compared. The material of the study is retrieved from grammar books and manuals and from literary text samples, principally concerns the use of Tense/Aspect forms of the Russian verb and the forms of the English Perfect. The novelty impact of the study is determined by focusing on the irregularity of the aspectual meanings of English Perfect forms and Tense/Aspect forms of the Russian verb, whereas they are mostly due to lexical meanings of the verbs influenced by intralinguistic specificities of the semantics of lexical indicators as well as mechanisms of communication on the whole. Aspectual meanings both for the Perfective and Imperfective Aspect in languages under comparison used to make up lexical and grammatical aspectual categorical complexes. In terms of Aspect and Tense, peculiarities are found as functional and semantic ones, highly dependent on the situation and context of communication, thus involving extralinguistic factors which also concern the extralinguistic environment of Tense/Aspect verbal forms in use. The comparison of functions and the semantics of Aspect and Aktionsart in the Russian language with those of English Perfect asymmetry is proved to emerge, being caused by cross-linguistic structural and typological differences, particularly, the existence or not the similar forms, their varying semantic load, analytical or synthetic tendencies and others. The asymmetry is especially vividly seen translation and lexicographic field to compose varying kinds of bilingual dictionaries.
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Plant, Christopher, Janet Webster, and Anne Whitworth. "Category norm data and relationships with lexical frequency and typicality within verb semantic categories." Behavior Research Methods 43, no. 2 (February 7, 2011): 424–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-010-0051-y.
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Koseska, Violetta. "Semantics, contrastive linguistics and parallel corpora." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 14 (September 4, 2014): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2014.009.
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Semantics, contrastive linguistics and parallel corporaIn view of the ambiguity of the term “semantics”, the author shows the differences between the traditional lexical semantics and the contemporary semantics in the light of various semantic schools. She examines semantics differently in connection with contrastive studies where the description must necessary go from the meaning towards the linguistic form, whereas in traditional contrastive studies the description proceeded from the form towards the meaning. This requirement regarding theoretical contrastive studies necessitates construction of a semantic interlanguage, rather than only singling out universal semantic categories expressed with various language means. Such studies can be strongly supported by parallel corpora. However, in order to make them useful for linguists in manual and computer translations, as well as in the development of dictionaries, including online ones, we need not only formal, often automatic, annotation of texts, but also semantic annotation - which is unfortunately manual. In the article we focus on semantic annotation concerning time, aspect and quantification of names and predicates in the whole semantic structure of the sentence on the example of the “Polish-Bulgarian-Russian parallel corpus”.
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Steksova, Tatiana I. "The interaction of grammatical and semantic categories in sentences with the semantics of vain." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filologiya, no. 2(40) (April 1, 2016): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19986645/40/6.
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Na, Dokyun, Hyungbin Son, and Jörg Gsponer. "Categorizer: a tool to categorize genes into user-defined biological groups based on semantic similarity." BMC Genomics 15, no. 1 (2014): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-15-1091.
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Puspita Sari, Kharisma. "STUDENTS’ MASTERY OF SEMANTIC FIELD (A SEMANTIC RESEARCH AT NONENGLISH DEPARTMENT)." Vision: Journal for Language and Foreign Language Learning 4, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/vjv4i21596.
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This study aimed at investigating categories of semantic fi eld<br />by nonenglish department students. The researcher designed this<br />research as explanatory qualitative research.<br />There are three steps in holding this research. The fi rst step<br />is to collect the data. The data card is considered as the appropri-<br />ate data. The nonenglish students’ aspirations of semantic fi eld are<br />the only data. The next step is to analyze the data. The researcher<br />used the Riemer’s theory (the semantics of categorization) to ana-<br />lyze the data. The students’aspiration would be classifi ed according<br />to Riemer’s theory. The last step is to present the analysis. The re-<br />searcher classifi ed the data into two categories: a) classical categori-<br />zation, and b) prototype categorization. The dominant classical cat-<br />egorization could be fi nd in the lexical items like house, bathroom,<br />tree, concert, holiday, library, hospital, football competition,<br />and aircraft. The researcher investigated dominant prototype cat-<br />egorization in the lexical items as follows; car, ship, mountain,<br />post offi ce, and minimarket.
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Lee, E. S., and Xue-hai Yuan. "Categories Fuz and Fuzzy Semantics." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 25, no. 18 (August 1992): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)50005-1.
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Antoniová, Vesna Kalafus. "An onomasiological approach to nominal compound semantics." Word Structure 13, no. 3 (November 2020): 316–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2020.0174.
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This paper addresses the semantics of compounding from an onomasiological point of view. It reports on the results of a corpus-based study of 500 English N+N compounds, the primary goal of which is to delimit a set of onomasiological structure rules on the basis of the admissible and inadmissible combinations of cognitive categories at the onomasiological level. The question of the semantics of nominal compounds has been considered in a number of theoretical frameworks; nevertheless, the difficulties related to the interpretation of N+N compounds have not been satisfactorily clarified. The application of the onomasiological approach to nominal compound semantics proves powerful as it sheds more light on the meaning relationships between constituents of these units. At the same time, it allows for the identification of the tendencies for the coinage of N+N compounds based on their internal semantic structure and narrows down the number of possible combinations of semantic categories thereby increasing the meaning predictability of this compound type.
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Vinogradov, Sergey. "Semantic Categories in Ideographic Dictionaries." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 1 (April 2019): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.1.2.
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The paper considers semantic categories presented in the ideographic discourse. Research material includes the information retrieval thesauruses reflecting scientific information activities and functional and ideographic dictionaries representing the discourse of training in writing school compositions and the epistolary discourse (letters of Russian writers). The author regards semantic categories as sign units (sign formations) whose content plane is general concepts, and denotation is various language (sign) means forming this general concepts. The article shows that semantic categories, as the result of categorization, reflect properties of the discourse - the functional and communicative field in which it appears, characteristics of the speech subject, character of the relation of the author of the text to its topic and to the addressee, interaction with the language code. The paper discusses the technique of semantic category choice, the formation of their list, their participation in creating the classification schemes of concepts, the opportunities of using ideographic dictionaries to solve linguistic and pedagogical tasks. The article provides the conclusions on the existence and nature of system communications of ideographic semantic categories with such cognitive aspects of the language as a problem situation in word using and understanding, classification of lexical units and concepts, psychology of thinking in language forms, specifics of extralinguistic factors in scientific and language activity in different private discourses.
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Kudo, Takayuki, Masako Tateishi, and Nobuo Segawa. "Hierarchical semantic categories in aphasia." Higher Brain Function Research 5, no. 2 (1985): 795–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.2496/apr.5.795.
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Goddard, Cliff. "Semantic primes and grammatical categories∗." Australian Journal of Linguistics 17, no. 1 (March 1997): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07268609708599543.
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Nagy, William, and Dedre Gentner. "Semantic constraints on lexical categories." Language and Cognitive Processes 5, no. 3 (July 1990): 169–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01690969008402104.
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Cristescu, Tamara C., Joseph T. Devlin, and Anna C. Nobre. "Orienting attention to semantic categories." NeuroImage 33, no. 4 (December 2006): 1178–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.08.017.
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CHEN, KAI, JOSEPH PORTER, JANOS SZTIPANOVITS, and SANDEEP NEEMA. "COMPOSITIONAL SPECIFICATION OF BEHAVIORAL SEMANTICS FOR DOMAIN-SPECIFIC MODELING LANGUAGES." International Journal of Semantic Computing 03, no. 01 (March 2009): 31–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x09000628.
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Domain-Specific Modeling Languages (DSMLs) play a fundamental role in the model-based design of embedded software and systems. While abstract syntax metamodeling enables the rapid and inexpensive development of DSMLs, the specification of DSML semantics is still a hard problem. In previous work, we have developed methods and tools for the semantic anchoring of DSMLs. Semantic anchoring introduces a set of reusable "semantic units" that provide reference semantics for basic behavioral categories using the Abstract State Machine framework. In this paper, we extend the semantic anchoring framework to heterogeneous behaviors by exploring methods for the composition of semantic units. Semantic unit composition reduces the required effort from DSML designers and improves the quality of the specification. The proposed method is demonstrated through a case study. Formal notions of compositionality are discussed as well as a brief comparison with similar research tools.
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Bowler, Margit, and John Gluckman. "Cross-categorial gradability in Logoori." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 30 (March 2, 2021): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v30i0.4818.
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The central empirical observation of this paper is that there are polysemous lexical items in a number of unrelated languages that have similar, not intuitively related, meanings. These meanings are 'to arrive'/'to reach,' 'to be enough,' and 'must.' The central theoretical claim of this paper is based on a case study of one such polysemous lexical item in Logoori (Bantu, JE 41; Kenya). We argue that these three meanings all arise from a single semantic denotation that is sensitive to a shared gradable component in the semantics of linguistic expressions referring to spatial paths, gradable predicates, measures of plural count nouns/mass nouns, and modals. The main theoretical issue addressed in this paper is the application of ordered, abstract scales in a model of grammar. This paper is an abridged version of Bowler & Gluckman, to appear.
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Wang, Shu, and Phillip C. Y. Sheu. "Computational Annotations: SCDL-NL as a Structured Annotation Language." International Journal of Semantic Computing 09, no. 04 (December 2015): 503–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x15500117.
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In this paper, we categorize “semantics” into “taxonomical semantics”, “syntactical semantics” and “formal semantics”. We propose a declarative meta-language SCDL-NL as the foundation of a general annotation language in which “taxonomical and syntactical semantic” information of a sentence can be clearly defined. Since pure natural language is too complicated to be used as a general annotation language, the annotation language imposes some restrictions on the English grammar so that it can be easily translated into SCDL-NL to facilitate information retrieval.
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McNabb, Yaron. "Cross-categorial modification of properties in Hebrew and English." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 22 (April 3, 2015): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v22i0.2632.
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Abstract Work in the past decade has greatly improved our understanding of the meaning of gradable predicates and degree modification. The discussion of these expressions has charted the way to an examination of additional types of modifiers that do not operate on degrees but rather on context candidates. In this study, I analyze the Hebrew modifier _mamaš_ and its English equivalent _really_ as modifiers of properties of individuals, situations, or propositions. The flexible semantics accounts for these modifiers’ wide distribution and types of semantic contribution.
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McNabb, Yaron. "Cross-categorial modification of properties in Hebrew and English." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 22 (September 3, 2012): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v22i0.3159.
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Work in the past decade has greatly improved our understanding of the meaning of gradable predicates and degree modification. The discussion of these expressions has charted the way to an examination of additional types of modifiers that do not operate on degrees but rather on context candidates. In this study, I analyze the Hebrew modifier mamaš and its English equivalent really as modifiers of properties of individuals, situations, or propositions. The flexible semantics accounts for these modifiers’ wide distribution and types of semantic contribution.
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Ibragimova, Latofat, and Hulkar Berdibekova. "NEW VIEWS ON DIVIDING WORDS INTO CATEGORIES." Journal of Central Asian Social Studies 02, no. 03 (May 31, 2021): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/jcass/volume02issue03-a3.
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This article provides information about the initial division of words into two groups, independent and auxiliary words, word combination, sentence, semantic-structure of words, lexeme, word classification. There are two important aspects of words to be considered in morphological classification in word categories.
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Xu, Ning, Jiangping Wang, Guojun Qi, Thomas Huang, and Weiyao Lin. "Ontological Random Forests for Image Classification." International Journal of Information Retrieval Research 5, no. 3 (July 2015): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijirr.2015070104.
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Previous image classification approaches mostly neglect semantics, which has two major limitations. First, categories are simply treated independently while in fact they have semantic overlaps. For example, “sedan” is a specific kind of “car”. Therefore, it's unreasonable to train a classifier to distinguish between “sedan” and “car”. Second, image feature representations used for classifying different categories are the same. However, the human perception system is believed to use different features for different objects. In this paper, we leverage semantic ontologies to solve the aforementioned problems. The authors propose an ontological random forest algorithm where the splitting of decision trees are determined by semantic relations among categories. Then hierarchical features are automatically learned by multiple-instance learning to capture visual dissimilarities at different concept levels. Their approach is tested on two image classification datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that their approach not only outperforms state-of-the-art results but also identifies semantic visual features.
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Miszczyński, Ryszard. "Semantical Categories – Edmund Husserl, Stanisław Leśniewski." Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Filozofia 13 (2016): 263–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/fil.2016.13.17.
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Kozlovsky, D. V. "TYPES OF INTERACTION OF THE MODUS CATEGORY "EVIDENTIALITY" WITH OTHER MODUS CATEGORIES." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 32, no. 5 (October 14, 2022): 1027–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2022-32-5-1027-1036.
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This paper studies the development of the category evidentiality in the language. The authors provide the definition of the term and specify the features of the linguosynergetic approach to the study of evidentiality in a discursive context. The expediency of turning to discursive analysis in the framework of the study of evidentiality is argued. In addition, a synergistic evidential model is described. Further, the peculiarities of the linkage of evidentiality with the categories of authorization, personality, temporality, perception in the space of mass media discourse are studied. Possible types of interaction of evidentiality with the indicated modus categories are analyzed, based on the implementation of the principles of complementarity and interpenetration of modus meanings in a discursive evidential context. Attention is focused on such important elements as the nodal and intermediate area of the evidential context deployment. The specificity and conditions for the implementation of polymodal modus semantics in the discursive space are investigated. The possibility of simultaneous actualization of the identified types of interaction of modus categories is noted. The previously described linguosynergetic evidential model is specified. The necessity of conducting a thorough linguosynergetic analysis of modus values is substantiated. The author examines evidential discourse contexts, taken from the website of the British magazine The Economist, obtained by the method of continuous sampling. At the same time, in the course of analyzing the examples, the author relies on the previously developed classification of evidential operators, data from the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, as well as previous studies of modus categories. Summing up, the author comes to the conclusion that the appeal to the principles of complementarity and interpenetration of modus meanings is associated with the need to exert a certain influence on the addressee / reader, conditioned by the communicative intentions of the author of the studied context and the peculiarities of the discourse.
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Fernández-Martínez, Nicolás José, and Pamela Faber. "Who stole what from whom?" Languages in Contrast 20, no. 1 (June 5, 2019): 107–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.19002.fer.
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Abstract Drawing on the Lexical Grammar Model, Frame Semantics and Corpus Pattern Analysis, we analyze and contrast verbs of stealing in English and Spanish from a lexico-semantic perspective. This involves looking at the lexical collocates and their corresponding semantic categories that fill the argument slots of verbs of stealing. Our corpus search is performed with the Word Sketch tool on Sketch Engine. To the best of our knowledge, no study has yet taken advantage of the Word Sketch tool in the study of the selection preferences of verbs of stealing, let alone a semantic, cross-linguistic study of those verbs. Our findings reveal that English and Spanish verbs of stealing map out the same underlying semantic space. This shared conceptual layer can thus be incorporated into an ontology based on deep semantics, which could in turn enhance NLP tasks such as word sense disambiguation, machine translation, semantic tagging, and semantic parsing.
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DONCHENKO, ELENA V. "CATEGORY OF TAXIS AND PECULIARITIES OF ITS EXPRESSION IN THE FRENCH LANGUAGE." HUMANITARIAN RESEARCHES 76, no. 4 (2020): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-4936-2020-76-4-044-050.
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The article describes the taxi category and analyzes its relationship with the categories of time correlation, the coordination of tenses in complex sentences with an attributive subordinate clause, and examines the features of their expression in French. The article describes the category of taxi and analyzes its relationship with the specific semantics of verbs, as well as examines the aspect-taxi situations and features of their expression in complex sentences in the French language. The category of taxis is considered as a functional and semantic field formed due to the interaction of various means of this language, United by the semantics of temporal relations between actions-components of a polypredicative complex within an integral time period.
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Moro, Francesca R. "Modal Categories in Contact: The Case of Heritage Ambon Malay in the Netherlands." Heritage Language Journal 12, no. 3 (December 30, 2015): 271–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.46538/hlj.12.3.3.
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This article reports the preliminary findings of a study examining the semantics of modal verbs in heritage Ambon Malay, a language variety spoken by Dutch-Ambon Malay bilinguals in the Netherlands whose dominant language is Dutch. In this study, I examined the use of the necessity modal musti [must] in the speech of heritage language (HL) speakers and compared it to that of monolingual homeland Ambon Malay speakers and monolingual Dutch speakers. The findings show convergence between the modal system of the heritage language (Ambon Malay) and that of the dominant language (Dutch). More precisely, the heritage necessity modal musti [must] has extended its semantic range to resemble its Dutch equivalent moeten [must.] I discuss three main factors that account for this innovation, namely (i) psychological factors – semantic convergence is one of the strategies adopted by bilinguals to reduce their cognitive load, (ii) universal principles of language development in contact settings ̶conceptual naturalness facilitates semantic influence from Dutch, and (iii) social factors ̶the language history of HL speakers shows that the innovation correlates with type of bilingualism and amount of exposure to Ambon Malay. Finally, the findings of this study support the Functional Discourse Grammar hierarchy of language change and, to a lesser extent, the typological hierarchy of Matras (2007).
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Koriakowcewa, Elena. "О Развитии Периферийных Словообразовательных Категорий Русских И Польских Nomina Actionis В Эпоху Глобализации." Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis 69, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 549–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jazcas-2019-0031.
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Abstract The main objective of the study is to analyse and describe the structural organization and semantic and cognitive properties of new peripheral wordformation types of nomina actionis in the modern Russian and Polish languages. As resistant forms and organizing principles of the thinking process, the derivational categories of nomina actionis derivatives reproduce the properties and relations of being and knowledge in the most concentrated form. It increases the need for a comprehensive study of their structure and semantics. The article analyses the main approaches to the differentiation of the peripheral types of wordformation categories according to the nature of derivational semantics. The author justifies the nominative rendering of transposition and proves that it can contribute to distinguish a mixed type of wordformation categories.
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Du, Jing, Fuyin Thomas Li, and Mengmin Xu. "Pò (‘break’), qiē (‘cut’) and kāi (‘open’) in Chinese." Review of Cognitive Linguistics 18, no. 1 (August 17, 2020): 213–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rcl.00057.du.
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Abstract This study explores the conceptual boundaries among break, cut and open from an under-investigated diachronic perspective and addresses the diachronic conceptual variations of Chinese pò (‘break’), qiē (‘cut’) and kāi (‘open’). The Center for Chinese Linguistics corpus is employed for the extraction of historical data. Correspondence analyses are conducted for uncovering the conceptual boundary variations among pò, qiē, and kāi. In doing so, this study, situated in Diachronic Prototype Semantics, has revealed that: (1) The conceptual ranges of pò, qiē and kāi greatly overlapped in ancient Chinese, but their division of labor becomes increasingly clear-cut in Mandarin. (2) By the stage of Modern Mandarin, these three lexical categories have formed their own prototypical structures and categorize separation events of state change in virtue of a lexical continuum “kāi-pò-qiē”. (3) Language selection, semantic specialization, as well as conceptual reorganization are proposed as contributing factors for these changes.
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Chen, Meng, Lei Zhu, Ronghui Xu, Yang Liu, Xiaohui Yu, and Yilong Yin. "Embedding Hierarchical Structures for Venue Category Representation." ACM Transactions on Information Systems 40, no. 3 (July 31, 2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3478285.
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Venue categories used in location-based social networks often exhibit a hierarchical structure, together with the category sequences derived from users’ check-ins. The two data modalities provide a wealth of information for us to capture the semantic relationships between those categories. To understand the venue semantics, existing methods usually embed venue categories into low-dimensional spaces by modeling the linear context (i.e., the positional neighbors of the given category) in check-in sequences. However, the hierarchical structure of venue categories, which inherently encodes the relationships between categories, is largely untapped. In this article, we propose a venue C ategory E mbedding M odel named Hier-CEM , which generates a latent representation for each venue category by embedding the Hier archical structure of categories and utilizing multiple types of context. Specifically, we investigate two kinds of hierarchical context based on any given venue category hierarchy and show how to model them together with the linear context collaboratively. We apply Hier-CEM to three tasks on two real check-in datasets collected from Foursquare. Experimental results show that Hier-CEM is better at capturing both semantic and sequential information inherent in venues than state-of-the-art embedding methods.