Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Catégorie du genre'
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Costoya-Ramos, Maria Cristina. "Catégorie de Lusternik-Schnirelmann et genre de Mislin." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-7.pdf.
Full textWalczak, Joanna. "Analyse comparative des manifestations linguistiques du féminin des référents humains en français et en polonais contemporains." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALL029.
Full textThe impulse for writing this doctoral dissertation was the increasing number ofdiscussions eagerly undertaken with respect to the feminisation of job titles, ranks, degrees, and functions (Council for the Polish Language: 2019, Krysiak: 2016, 2020). The subject of the paper is a comparison of the feminine markers in personal designators in contemporary French and Polish, with a particular focus on the feminisation of job titles and functions. The main aim of this dissertation is to identify, describe and compare French and Polish linguistic feminine markers in personal designators. The analyses were conducted using university regulations and internet memes. The textual component of memes was based on various temporal subordinate clauses introduced by the conjunctions 'quand/when'. A total of 36 examples of French memes, 44 Polish ones, 38 French university regulations and 36 Polish ones were analysed. (The texts were collected in the second volume of the dissertation, where they can be reviewed). The analysis focused on both linguistic (explicit and implicit) feminine markers and iconic ones (characteristic of memes), as well as its frequency. The research material made it possible to examine the feminine markers from different perspectives. The analysis of the feminine markers was then combined with a description of the social context, taking into account extralinguistic factors influencing the perception of the feminine genus and women in general. It should be emphasised that the combination of memes with the texts of regulations is not coincidental – it enables a more comprehensive analysis of feminine markers in personal designators (women), both semantically neutral ones, such as names of professions, functions, ranks, and titles (from the regulations), as well as colloquial, informal, and even pejorative or offensive ones (from internet memes).The work consists of six parts. In the first two theoretical parts, the aim was to explainand compare the genus categories and nominal classifications found in contemporary French and Polish. Next, we compared Polish and French linguistic feminine markers with an emphasis on nouns denoting professions and functions. The section also contains a description of the various strategies of inclusive language, making visible women, as well as the obstacles that exist today preventing the systematic use of feminativum. In the third part, we defined two important concepts – gender asymmetry and the linguistic invisibility of women, along with French and Polish examples. The aim of the fourth part is to analyse the opinions relating to the progressive feminisation of job titles and functions. First, the positions towards linguistic feminisation issued by the Académie française and the Council of the Polish Language were discussed. A comparison was then made between the positions taken by other established French and Polish linguists. In the next chapter, the linguistic feminisation appeared as a political phenomenon widely discussed in France and Poland. The final part on the social reception of feminatives includes a comparison of the positions taken by French-speaking and Polish-speaking internet users. In the analysis section, formal texts such as university regulations were first compared. This genre was defined and the feminine markers in personal designators were then subjected to comparative analysis, with a particular focus on job titles and functions and on the various strategies of inclusive language. The next part examines informal texts, i.e. internet memes. It begins with a definition of the internet meme, its origin, and components. The next chapter contains the set of crucial concepts for the analysis of Internet memes. This part concludes with a comparison of the linguistic feminine markers (explicit, implicit and iconic) observed in selected French and Polish examples about women. This work ends with a summary of the overall findings of the conducted research
Le, Pennec Anna. ""Cette catégorie d'êtres à jamais perdus" : les femmes incarcérées dans les maisons centrales du sud de la France, XIXe-début XXe siècles." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20097.
Full textThe following study treats about women detainees of Cadillac's and Montpellier's central prisons in the south of France, from the penitentiary system implementation at the beginning of the 19th century to the early 20th century. It attempts to put women prisoners at the centre of the work and to give them a voice to write their own history, not as inaudible witnesses as they usually appear: who are they, what are their conditions of detention, how are they living seclusion between resistance and adaptation to disciplinarisation attempts exercised on them by prison administration ? The answers to these questions don't only shift because of penal policies and societal mutations but also due to plural and moving prison sociabilities: specific to women’s jails, prison officers switches – successively composed of secular men guards, sisters, then secular women agents – upset prisoners' daily life; as well as their relationship with their family, weakened by the detainees' identification as offenders and by their absence from their home, at a time when women embody the image of family and guardians of morality. Penitentiary archives of the departments where are located these two women central prisons, Hérault and Gironde, especially contain individual files of captives, some correspondences of jail staff, captives and relatives. Adopting a reduced scale observation, from within the jail, we will try to depict this prison microsociety comparing national directives with local context and personal experiences. In a male-dominated prison world, where women detainees represent a very small minority, we will try to understand how feminine seclusion is considered or, on the contrary, ignored
Darle la palabra a las presas para escribir su historia, dentro de la que muy a menudo aparecen como testigos inaudibles, colocarles en el centro del estudio, estos son los objetivos de este trabajo acerca de las detenidas en las cárceles de Cadillac y de Montpellier en el sur de Francia, desde el nacimiento de la prisión penal a comienzos del siglo XIX hasta el principio del siglo XX : ¿ Quiénes son, cuáles son sus condiciones de detención, cómo viven el encierro, entre resistencias y adaptaciones a las tentativas de disciplinarización que ejerce la institución penitenciaria? Las repuestas a estas preguntas evolucionan no solo según las políticas penales y las mutaciones societales sino sobre todo en función de las sociabilidades carcelarias, plurales y móviles : específicos a las cárceles de mujeres, los cambios del personal de vigilancia – compuesto sucesivamente de guardianes laicos, de religiosas y después de funcionarias laicas – perturban considerablemente la vida cotidiana de las presas; así como las relaciones con sus familiares, debilitadas por la identificación de las condenadas como culpables y por su ausencia del hogar, en una época en que las mujeres encarnan la garantía de la moral en la familia y en la sociedad. Los archivos penitenciarios de las provincias donde se sitúan estas dos cárceles, Gironde y Hérault, contienen en particular expedientes individuales de detenidas, cartas del personal, de las prisioneras y de sus familiares. Siguiendo un método de examen con lupa, desde el interior de la cárcel, intentaremos representar a esta microsociedad carcelaria, confrontando las directrices nacionales con las realidades locales y las vivencias individuales. En un mundo penitenciario dominado por lo masculino, donde las mujeres son muy minoritarias, se tratara de comprender como el encierro femenino está pensado o al contrario ignorado
Chetcuti-Osorovitz, Natacha. "Normes socio-sexuelles et lesbianisme : définition de soi, catégories de sexe/genre et script sexuel." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0337.
Full textBased on fieldwork observation and enquiry (interviews with 21 lesbians), this PhD dissertation aims at giving account about normative elaboration processes in lesbian sexuality. Beyond analysing sexual practices' discourses, this study unravels the ways lesbian think of themselves, and how they relate to gender normative constrains. Though undergoing a wide range of different life paths, gays and lesbians have to face the heterosexual, normative constrains' weigh. But if such weight affects their Self formation process, it does not operate the same for each of the two sexes. For in the lesbian' case, the question of invisibility is intrinsically connected to their social status as women. While relying on contemporary conceptualizations of lesbianism (self naming practice, couple practices, sexual script construction), this research consists in disclosing a reality that Social Sciences have not yet thoroughly analysed. Moreover, it keeps on questionning what is the "woman"'s category in relation to an hetero-social organization, which is its very context of definition. Lesbian trajectories' analysis opens up a questioning from the margin, which applies to a set of social norms regulating sexuality, couple, and sexual representation inherent to a male centred normative system. Consequently , such questions arise : how is one able to define oneself as a lesbian, while living in an heterosexist society? Through which process is one able to think of one's own Self, and introduce it to Others? How the couple can be defined, when assignation to sexual categories is not the main reference? And last, how is sexuality organized when it does not rely on a sexual, hierarchical divide?
Aterianus-Owanga, Alice. "Pratiques musicales, pouvoir et catégories identitaires : Anthropologie du rap gaboma." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20098.
Full textThis dissertation apprehends the identity processes and sociocultural changes taking place through the appropriation of rap music in Gabon since the end of the 80s, as well as the entanglement in power relations of those identity categories produced by young people, in the field of hierarchies between elders and youngers, of gender relations, of musical network stratifications, or towards the political authorities.An investigation in the archives of Gabon firstly highlights how, while marking ruptures with the previous generation, rappers were enrolled in the continuity of several decades of urban musical practices and transnational dialogues with some cultural productions circulating in the Atlantic space. A second part is devoted to the description of gender relations and to the construction of masculinity, revealing the agency developed by some women into the urban worlds of the night and of music. Finally, the third part focuses on rappers’ identity and ideological claims, and on the nationalisms they reinvent in negotiation between ethnic, national, transnational and panafrican levels. It deals with the transformations of witchcraft in rap music’s networks and in African world music market, with the spectacle of the nation and with transnational mobilities through which some rappers form new hybrid identity categories
López, Rodriguez Fernando. "Mutations du désir en danse : tablao et flamenco contemporain : genre, contextes de production et catégories esthétiques (Espagne 1808-2018)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080037.
Full textThis thesis examines the emergence of contemporary flamenco dance in Spain in the years 1990-2000. This dance is analyzed here as an artistic phenomenon that arises in reaction to the so-called traditional flamenco dance produced in tablaos from the 1950s. Tablaos, which offer flamenco shows for tourists, are analyzed from the moment of its creation until today as well as in relation to the café cantante, its esthetic ancestor (1850-1920), having as main perspective of analysis the one of gender studies. In a first moment, I analyze the continuities and the discontinuities between the café cantante and the tablao. After, the focus is on the emergence of « contemporary flamenco dance » , explaining as much the contextual factors that favored its birth as the personal motivations of the artists and the aes-thetic stakes at work. I also analyze the aesthetic and social consequences that such a phenomenon has produced among the various actors of the flamenco milieu. Finally, I show the effects that the economic crisis of 2008 had on the flamenco scene and how the artists had to develop a variety of survival strate-gies that resulted in a complexification of aesthetic positions based on the elements built during the pe-riod. previous years of the 1990s and 2000s. The development of this research is also based on the analysis of three case studies directly relat-ed to my artistic work, and ends with an epilogue that describes Pensaor, a choreographic piece created in parallel with the written thesis where I « perform my research »
Chauveau-Thoumelin, Pierre. "Une approche constructionnelle des enclosures genre et espèce." Thesis, Lille 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL3H010.
Full textThe French nouns genre and espèce are said to be taxonomic due to their use in the classification of living things (e.g. zoology, botany). Outside the scientific field, they show a wide range of uses. Using a corpus composed of various texts (newspaper articles, literary texts, legal and institutional documents, encyclopaedic articles, messages from online forums), this thesis presents a detailed examination of six French constructions (i.e. form-meaning pairings) involving genre and espèce, and implementing four interpretations: classifying (e.g. Molotra et Reductoonops sont deux genres d’araignées aranéomorphes), qualifying (e.g. Son obsession l’a embarqué dans une espèce de tourbillon destructeur), typifying (e.g. Elle aime participer à ce genre d’évènements; Il ne sait faire que les gâteaux genre quatre-quarts) and quantifying (e.g. Ton avis n’a aucune espèce d’intérêt; Sa bibliothèque déborde de dictionnaires en tout genre). This work is based on an analysis of the syntactic, semantic, and to some extent, discursive and pragmatic properties of these constructions. I show their relationship to the categorization and quantification phenomena, and how some of them, which function as hedges, (re)define the boundaries of categories
Hellebrandova, Klara. "Devenir afrodescendant à Bogotá Catégories, expériences et entreprises d’identification ethno-raciale en Colombie à l’ère multiculturelle." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0009/document.
Full textRace is as much social as an analytical category. Its duality represents a challenge for researchers interested in power relations within racialized societies. To study how race is simultaneously reproduced and contested in Colombia’s multicultural racial order, I set out to analyze social actors whose discourses and practices, in interaction with official institutions, contribute to reproduce and transform race and the racial orders within which they are embedded. My focus is on the identity entrepreneurship of racized social and political actors who participate in both the reproduction and transformation of the multicultural racial order. From ethnic leaders to researchers, these actors are many and diverse. Although they may all be described as racial entrepreneurs, this dissertation is centered on a specific group of young Afro-descendants from Bogotá, many of whom come from mixed-race families, are college-educated, are experiencing upward social mobility, and are working with black rights advocacy organizations in Colombia. I will show the importance of these factors for their identification as Afro-descendants through an analysis of their discourses and identity processes. They reproduce and contest the multicultural framework of which they are excluded by broadening the ethnic conception of the Black population to a conception that is directly linked to the historical experience of racism and racialization, one that is embedded within the global context of the African diaspora. Finally, by turning to an intersectional approach, through the analysis of their family and intimate relationships, I will demonstrate how privacy is politicized and politics privatized, to account for the central position of the body and of whiteness in both the racialization process and the strategies that aim at challenging it
Lemay, Solene. "Information et promotion: Hybridation des genres et nouvelles catégories médiatiques dans la presse de référence (Le cas du Devoir)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28881/28881.pdf.
Full textLemay, Solène. "Information et promotion : hybridation des genres et nouvelles catégories médiatiques dans la presse de référence (Le cas du "Devoir")." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23423.
Full textHumbert, Philippe. "Intégrale de Kontsevich elliptique et enchevêtrements en genre supérieur." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00762209.
Full textCharlap, Cécile. "La fabrique de la ménopause : genre, apprentissage et trajectoires." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG022/document.
Full textThis PhD deals with menopause as a category and an experience. It aims to understand the mechanisms through which menopause is “made”, as well as their effects. The social construction of menopause, its social treatment and women’s’ lived experiences in the French context are examined from a double perspective: social discourses about menopause and interviews carried out with menopausal women. Firstly, the social construction of menopause in medical discourses reveals the crucial importance of gender in the production of this category, nowadays extremely dramatized in media and advertisement. We then proceed to analyze menopause as a learning process. In order to “denaturalize” menopause, we focus on the socialization which it is a product of, and the interactions which constitute its learning process. Finally, we examine menopause as a process fashioned by social relationships and representations, a trajectory where norms of age and fecundity, representations of the body, and key interactions with physician and significant other are at play
Zotian, Elsa. "Grandir à Belsunce : les catégories ordinaires de l'expérience enfantine dans un quartier de Marseille." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0047.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to child socio-anthropology. The subjects were children aged from 9 to 12, mostly children of immigrants, growing up in Belsunce, a working-class neighbourhood in the centre of Marseille. The aim of this thesis is to use children's everyday experiences to reconstruct their perceptions of the social world in a context of globalisation. In a number of children’s ordinary activities, one can see local patterns interact with large-scale realities. While performing these activities the children elaborate and construct ways of categorising the world, form groups that belong and construct the 'other'. Analysing this identity construction in children shows that children make the world explicit using referents to which they attach importance (ethnicity, religion) , while other referents are less important, even though they make a big difference to the child s experience (age, gender). These ordinary categories of activity also result in specific types of relation to the self The children of Belsunce think of themselves as subject through socially-constructed categories, which borrow both from locally available definitions (teacher’s pet, “hooligan”) and from globalised semantic and normative groupings (“illegal” ). Finally, the study shows how children experience being members of certain public institutions, and gives their point of view on the causes of social suffering
De, Ory Zoé. "Un non-désir qui dit son nom : enquête sur une auto-identification émergente, l'asexualité." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0048.
Full textThis thesis uses tools from labelling theory, sociology of “deviance”, sociology of sexuality and gender and criticism of science to focus on an emergent social group: individuals who self-identify as asexual, completing the acronym LGBTQIA(+) and reporting an absence of sexual desire for and/or sexual attraction to others. The dissertation is based on a qualitative survey and on a series of interviews. Discourses and trajectories of French self-identified asexuals (vocal activists or not) have been collected and analyzed. Sexologists and psychotherapists, and individuals having reported some sexual “issues” (without asexual self-identification) have also been interviewed. Finally, collective/community events (meetings, LGBT/Gay Pride, sexology conference in France) have been observed. The purpose of this research was, first of all, to study in detail this recent self-identification (asexuality) in order to better understand its characteristics and its implications, its words and its actions. Moreover, this work tries to highlight the ordinary conception of non-desire, and to propose a reflection, through asexuality, on sexuality, gender, health and identity standards
Yuan, Lili. "L’historiographie comparée des femmes et du genre en Chine et en France : de 1980 à aujourd’hui : une étude comparée des enjeux d’un champ nouveau en évolution." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0015.
Full textThis dissertation is about the comparative historiography of women's history and gender history in China and in France from the 1980s on. It aims to compare for both historiographies the background of the intellectual emergences, the methods of research and historical writing (definitions, choice of subject and object, research paradigms, intellectual debates, translations and usages of key words and categories, models of periodization, influence of the Anglo-American historiography), and the temporality of productions and receptions (generations of researchers, temporalities of journals, associations and institutes, conferences, seminars, etc. ) in the institutionalization and pedagogical transmission. The dissertation particularly focuses on transnational circulations: whether they be dialogues, misunderstandings, or mutual complementarity. Based on works of the past thirty years, this doctoral research reflects on the categories and classifications used by the historians of both countries, in order to demonstrate the academic legitimacy of the comparative historiography of women, feminism and anti-feminism, and of gender through the method of connected categories
Vallot, Pauline. "Une immigration déqualifiée : diplômé.e.s d’études longues à la périphérie des professions supérieures françaises et allemandes." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01E023.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation in sociology aims to renew the analysis of contemporary migrations and of the international hierarchies that underlie them through the case of higher educated migrants. It studies specifically the case of people who migrated to France or Germany in adult life and who live in these countries by the late 2000s. This rapidly growing population is subject to mechanisms of legal and symbolic exclusion in the country of arrival that could offset the advantages due to a large amount of educational resources and international skills. This ambivalence is the starting point of this research, that is grounded on empirical data that combines statistical surveys (French and German Labor Force Survey, Trajectoires et Origines survey) and ethnographic interviews with immigrant doctors and engineers. In the first part puts the notion of "choice" in the migratory orientation under scrutiny. First, it analyses how expert and political discourses have contributed to spread the theoretical scheme of a global market for "talents" that would turn towards the most "attractive" countries. Then it highlights the existence of two main systems of circulation that are widely separated: Africa towards France on the one hand, Eastern Europe towards Germany on the other. The first system relies on the French linguistic and educative influence on formerly colonized countries while the second system is grounded on the old economic exchanges between Germany and Eastern Europe, recently facilitated by the European integration. The second part is focused on employment and occupations in the country of arrival. The struggle to access upper occupations explains why immigrants are often in a contradiction of status compared to the social stratification of the other higher educated people. Moreover, they experience frequently a downward occupational mobility after migration. The phenomenon of deskilling varies with nationality, country of education, language and "race". It is different in France and Germany and contributes to transform gender relations. Hence, the opposition between central and peripherical countries is objectified and specified through the analysis of two contrasted contemporary systems of migration
Sauvé, Jean-Sébastien. "Aux confins du «M» et du «F» : une généalogie critique de ce sexe que l’on catégorise aux fins de l’état civil québécois." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18418.
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