Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Catastrophe de (1984)'
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Lê, Thi Kièm Liên. "Toxicologie de l'isocyanate de méthyle." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P050.
Full textBourguele, Bhare Alfred. "Les sociétés transnationales et le droit international des droits de l'homme : une contribution à l'étude de la responsabilité des STN en droits de l'Homme." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE0060.
Full textUntil recently, liability in the field of human rights had only been considered with respect to individuals. Yet, the current economical context reveals a new aspect of the liability matter in the area of human rights. Indeed, violations of human rights are not only held on the account of sovereign states or individuals, but also firms especially transnational coporations. The purpose of our research is to aim at contributing to the study of liability of transnational corporations in international human rights law. The current evolution of transnational corporations is characterized by a state of impunity in international law. The legal framing of these entities lies on soft law, in other words, on a non-restricting normative corpus made up of codes of conduct. These codes of conduct have on one hand an internal basis when they are established by independent groups such as the International Labor Organization (ILO) and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). These non-restricting measures cannot respond to the concerns relating to human rights protection in the sphere of transnational corporations. Therefore, a restricting regulation in this area is needed. This is the undergoing perspective which is notably currently undertaken by the project of the United Nations including norms relating to the accountability of transnational corporations in the field of human rights. This pilot project is far from reaching perfection for it does not take into account several legal concepts inherent to the liability of transnational corporations. This includes concepts such as common liability of head firms along with their branches and subcontractors or also the liability of transnational corporations executive. .
Heinrich, Claude. "Mise en place d'une enquête sur les effets psychiques d'une catastrophe : Nîmes, le 3 octobre 1988." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11026.
Full textRamadier, Serge. "Organisation extra-hospitalière des secours lors de la catastrophe nîmoise du 3 octobre 1988." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11133.
Full textBasbug, Berna Burcak. "Modelling of the Turkish Catastrophe Insurance Pool data, 2000-2003." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2007. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1944/.
Full textVETTOREL, BRIGITTE. "Le samu de pau : bilan d'activite de 1986 a 1989 : recensement des risques de catastrophes en bearn et soule." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU31069.
Full textFlynn, James K. "Fiscal policy implications of the 1988 Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1997. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA343410.
Full text"December 1997." Thesis advisor(s): Richard B. Doyle, William R. Gates. Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-112). Also available online.
Alexanian, Vardouhie. "Arménie (1988-1991) : une réponse humanitaire à la conjoncture de catastrophe à l'époque post-soviétique." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE4008.
Full textImportant historical events have marked the 1980's. The tension and the division between East and West have given way progressively with weakening of the power of the Soviet Union. We tried to present this period tension with the example of Armenia. Here the central power used repressive methods to suppress the nationalist independent movements. The earthquake in Armenia happened this period of political turbulence devastating an important industrial and rural sections of Armenia and making even more difficult the political, economical, and social transition of the republic. Nevertheless it has given to western humanitarian movement the possibility of integration into this complex context. But the intervention in Armenia has showed us the limits of humanitarian action which symbolises the spirit and values of the western society, as these are foreign to the social and political context of the Armenian civilisation which remains basically incomprehensible to the humanitarians workers
Hlukhava-Kasperski, Tatiana. "La politique de la mémoire d'une catastrophe nucléaire : les usages de l'accident de Tchernobyl en Biélorussie (1986-2008)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0015.
Full textAnalyzing the political uses of the Chernobyl accident in Belarus between 1986 and 2008, this thesis aims at explaining the reasons for the weakness of the memory of the disaster in the political life of this country whose territory was severely contaminated by the radioactive fallout. In order to identify the factors contributing to the discarding of recollections of the accident from the public sphere, this research traces the main stages of the construction of the representations of the disaster: post-accident crisis management by Soviet authorities between 1986 and 1987; political and social mobilization with regard to the problems created by the disaster between 1989 and 1991; and national identity strategies of the Belarusian State and its challengers between 1994 and 2008. First, therefore, this study attempts to evaluate the impact that the liberalization of regime at the end of USSR as well as the gradual return to the authoritarianism from the mid-1990 had on the possibilities and the forms of the remembering of the accident. Second, it analyses the incorporation of the past of the accident into the national identity narratives that the State and its challengers have developed and that contributed to overshadow the disaster with regard to others events of the Belarusian past. Finally, this study brings to light the fact that the way Belarusian authorities have managed the health consequences of the radioactive contamination, which focuses mainly on the individual psychological and health problems, favored the depolitization of the memory of the Chernobyl disaster
Leenhardt, Laurence. "Augmentation de l'incidence du cancer de la thyroïde en France : mesures, indicateurs, analyse des causes, évaluation de l'impact des pratiques cliniques." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010564.
Full textSoukhova, Natalia. "Etude de la distribution du 137Cs et modélisation des tranferts sol-plante dans les écosystèmes forestiers de la région de Briansk fortement contaminés par l'accident de Tchernobyl." Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA2070.
Full textThis work presents the results of the study of 137Cs distribution and transfer in forest ecosystems of Briansk (Russia). This region was heavily contaminated in the result of radioactive fallout from Chernobyl NPP accident in 1986. Thus the level of contamination allows to get reliable results. Different sites with pedological and forest features were chosen with the aim to study the influence of these parameters on 137Cs migration in soil and its transfer into vegetation. 137Cs migration in soil depends on forest litter thickness and composition. At present time the principal part of 137Cs is situated in the limit between litter and mineral horizons. Sequential extractions obtained from soil samples revealed the existence of geochemical barrier. This barrier is located just beneath the forest litter. 137Cs distribution in different parrts (wood, bark, leaves, sap, roots) of coniferous and deciduous woody species (Pinus sylvestris and Betula pendula) was studied. 137Cs is very mobile in trees and our results show that its distribution can be easily explained by structure and functioning of studied species. Thus the difference in radial 137Cs distribution in trunk of studied species is closely linked to the difference in radial rays composition. Moreover it was demonstrated in some examples that 137Cs transfer in different types of forest vegetation depends on factors as : vertical distribution of 137Cs bioavailable forms in soil profile, vertical distribution of plant roots and some specific capacities of plants to accumulate 137Cs. The set of data gathered during the present work allowed us to develop one mathematical model of 137Cs migration and fixation in forest soil. Moreover conceptual models of 137Cs transfer in forest ecosystems were designed and a new approach to estimate the contamination of forest compartments contamination by 137Cs was proposed
Eustache, Dominique. "L'organisation des secours medicaux lors d'un plan rouge : a propos de l'effondrement de la dalle toiture du magasin casnino a nice, le 26 janvier 1994." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE6585.
Full textPalazon, Jean-Pierre. "La réaction d'un hôpital sinistré : à propos de l'inondation du 3 octobre 1988 à Nîmes." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11029.
Full textTEGUIA, FOUDIL. "Catastrophes naturelles et sociétés : la reconstruction de la ville de Chlef après le séïsme du 10 octobre 1980." Pau, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PAUU1004.
Full textThe work that was undertaken in this thesis is mainly dealing with the spatial reconstruction of a town (clef, alegeria), 80% of which were destructed by an earthquake as regards the relations the poplation had with the space it used it used tolive the building of the town took the form of multipolar prefabricated blocks, far from the former urban network. This gave the stamp of willpoqer to the process of the rebuilding of the town that was not, moreover, without direct consequences upon the socio-spatial representation of the town. A new urban practice obviously developed and fowsed upon two areas : on the hand the new prefabicated blocks as a place of residence, on the other hand the former urban net work as a place of activity but also as a place for social maating and symbolical space. In such a system, some antagonism arose about the reappropriation of the spaces, particularly that of the central area, between the various actors of the town (the various people who look part in the rebuilding of the town) directly or indirectly involved in the preservation of the town's orginal site. Daily pratices and mental representations objectivise welldefined real spaces which symbolise the inhabitants' spatial identity and their attachment to their former town ever if it was damaged
Williams, Trevor David. "Surviving Catastrophe: Resource Allocation and Plant Interactions Among the Mosses of Mount St. Helens Volcano." PDXScholar, 2016. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3373.
Full textRezzoug, Samya. "Utilisation d'isotopes naturels dans les familles de ²³⁸U et de ²³²Th pour une étude environnementale : impact des retombées atmosphériques du ¹³⁷37Cs dans des sols forestiers et des sédiments lacustres : application à l'étude d'une zone alpine (Boréon, Mercantour, S. E. France)." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE4060.
Full textLake sediment samples and forest soils were collected in the Mercantour massif. The uranium and thorium, vertical distributions in soils show that leaching occurred at several levels as well as precipitations from surface and/or sub-surface runoff waters. The application of Latham and Schwarcz’s equation (1987) and Moreira-Nordeman’s model (1980) confirmed thorium leaching in sub-surface soils. The 137Cs fallout in 1986, after the Chernobyl power plant accident, was evaluated by comparison with the unsupported 210Pb behaviour. The 137 Cs high activities in the soil upper layers 17 years after the Chernobyl accident as well as the activities in upper latke sediments suggest that the residence time of 137Cs in the drainage basins is long. In all the lake core, organic matter (O. M. ) profiles display a concentration break with the higher concentrations in the upper part. This break is also observed practically in the all studied radionuclides profiles, with higher or lower activities according to the radionuclides and sites. Lake emptying and scraping realized in 1991-92 are responsible for this pattern. The lower part of some sediment cores is probably constitute by underlying soil, because the O. M. Concentrations in the deep layers are similar as those of soils, and the 137Cs and 210Pb activities are negligible. During the lake emptying the correspondent sedimentary level was probably removed. The 137Cs present in the deeper layers can result from either nuclear tests (1960-63), or infiltrations from the upper layers, essentially contaminated by the Chernobyl 137Cs
SAAVEDRA, MARIA. "Les acteurs sociaux face a la gestion des risques naturels. La reconstruction apres la catastrophe d'armero et chinchina le 13 novembre 1985." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030172.
Full textThis research is based on the interaction between the different social agents who took part in the reconstruction process. The state through resurgir (to rise up again), the non - governmental organizations and the survivors as the agents of civil society
Grandazzi, Guillaume. "De Tchernobyl à la Hague : la vie quotidienne entre expérience de la catastrophe et épreuve de l’incertitude." Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN1411.
Full textGuertzon, Corinne. "Un accident technologique majeur : Goiana, Brésil 1987, dispersion d'une pastille de cesium 137 radioactif." Paris, CNAM, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CNAM0236.
Full textThis study concerns the accidental dispersion of cesium-137 chloride via an abandonned radiotherapy device in brazil, in september 1987. Since the accident accurred recently in a confined geographical area, and concerned a single radiochemical agent, it was possible to carefully delimit the study parameters in each discipline : post-accident management, physics, medicine, environment, law, psychology, socioeconomics and communications. Data were gathered from interviews and documents, in Brazil. To fight the effects of the accident, most of qualified workers have been needed. Four people died, more than 200 are medically surveyed and hundreds need it. One had to manage with 3500 m3 of radioacive waste. Costs are difficult to evaluate but obviously very important. It is difficult to analyse all consequences. No official has been accused, there were no sentence. The results demonstrate the critical importance of the human factor in technological accidents
Vergnon, Gilles. "Catastrophe et renouveau : socialistes, communistes et oppositionnels d'Europe et d'Amérique du Nord sous l'impact de la victoire nazie : crises et reclassements (1933-1934)." Grenoble 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE29005.
Full textThis work, which concerns the main european countries (including the ussrand the usa) in two decisive years (1933 and 1934), tries, after a picture of the german left from 1930 till 1933 and an overview of the vision of nazi rise from the main currents of the ruropean left, to sound out and to produce the typologie of their reactions against what is called as early as 1933 the "german disaster". Then, this transnational study brings out three succesive plans of renewal of leftist political strategies, each of them supported by different actors : the attempt of build "new parties", the "revolutionizing" of socialist parties, around "planism" or not, unity with communist parties, which, on communist's initiative, rapidly widens in "all-inclusive democratic blocs"
Garlitz, Richard P. "Responses to catastrophe from Henri Barbusse to Primo Levi : rethinking the Great War and the Holocaust in literary history." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1217399.
Full textDepartment of History
Rigby, Julie. "Principes et processus à l'oeuvre dans un projet d'amélioration de conditions de vie dans les territoires contaminés par la catastrophe de Tchernobyl-ETHOS I (1996-1998)." Compiègne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003COMP1455.
Full textMartz, Kuhn Émilie. "Ecritures scéniques de la catastrophe humaine dans le théâtre contemporain : Etude de cas et recherche-création." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030062.
Full textThis doctoral thesis in performing arts looks into scenic writings of human disasters incontemporary theatre. It examines dynamics underlying the representation of barbarism withinspectacular forms imprinted with a visual dimension. Split into two parts – a first one, critical anda second one, practical -, the work is firstly structured around a corpus composed of three shows :Kamp of the Hotel Modern group, Rwanda 94 of Groupov and Rouge décanté by Guy Cassiers.Through the observation of the works in the light of the complexity and by analysing it with asystemic approach, the study attempts to reveal the moves – aesthetic, perceptive and thematic –that drive these heterogeneous writings. The second part of the thesis deals with a process ofexperimentation led in the scenic space. The latter, dedicated to outline an original artisticcreation, questions occidental memories on the Tutsi genocide in Rwanda. The practicalexperience echoes back to several issues raised by the critical investigation and proposes anotherform of reflection, directly led on the stage
Lépront, Denis. "Le risque nucléaire civil : étude des accidents de Three Mile Island et de Tchernobyl : pathologies recontrées, thérapeutiques adaptées et organisation des secours en cas de catastrophe." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25183.
Full textGusmão, Duarte Isabela. "Enjeux historiques, anthropologiques et dramaturgiques de la mort dans le théâtre d'Elias Canetti." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. https://bsnum.sorbonne-nouvelle.fr/files/original/1338/6773/These_en_cours_de_traitement.pdf.
Full textThis study aims to analyse the historical, anthropological and dramaturgical aspects and roles of death in the theater of Elias Canetti, whose work is shaped by the heavy historical context of its writing. First, we examine the multiple ways through which death pervades Canetti’s life and work, such as the influence of many writers and artists on him, his condition as a Jewish author in exile and the traumatic events of his personal life.Omnipresent in Canetti’s poetics, death seems also to define an aesthetic and to function as a guiding thread for interpreting his plays. We try to verify whether Canetti’s drama, which illustrates several theories contained in his masterpiece Crowds and power, would be a part of his project to “grab the twentieth century by the throat” or not, as well as to highlight the danger represented by the instrumentalisation of death.We analyse the influence of the visual arts in Canetti’s theater, its stage development possibilities contained in the text, as well as the construction of his characters, conceived as masks. We focus on the question of the face, which seems to undergo a process of deformation or decomposition which reflects the chaotic state of the world. Our aim is to show Canetti’s characters as the product of the negative transformation provoked in man by his attitude towards death, which is either that of a tyrant who desires it and provokes it in order to increase his power, or that of a man « already dead », who submit to it, in resignation. With support from stage reviews, we finally try to verify the effectiveness of Canetti’s « horror pedagogy », which aims through shock to engage the audience in a reflection
Beckert, Guillaume. "La solidarité en temps de guerre 1914-1918." Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LEMA3003.
Full textSolidarity is a phenomenon that pushes people to help each other. We have defined it as "a homogeneous group of individuals who come together to face an adversity". After a study on pre-war natural disasters (earthquakes in southern Italy in december 1908 and in southern France in june 1909), we noted points of convergence between the solidarity needs expressed there and those that can be found during the First World War: high mortality, search for the missing, many wounded, presence of people in need of refuge, and finally the intervention of the French Red Cross. This observation is all the more important as it was on these bases that solidarity was organized during the Great War. The First World War began with a disaster, to which France, against all expectations at the time, was not ready. The first few months see all the elements mentioned above appear. This was not planned, and requires the intervention of the people « at the rear » to get out of this situation. At the beginning of 1915, a war solidarity society gradually established itself. The State progressively, regulated the phenomenon, and this leads, because of charity scams, to a series of laws covering the whole of society. As we went along, we detailed the main solidarity phenomena that are specific to each year, and demonstrated a real increase in the phenomenon throughout the conflict, of which the massive involvement of the American Red Cross is one of the highlights
Bocéno, Laurent. "Sociopathologies : de Tchernobyl à la Hague." Caen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CAEN1420.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the definition of the concept of sociopathology in a heuristic approach, from a socioanthropological point of view. Two types of empirical research are called to contribute to the argument: a) the radioactive contamination in polluted zone of Chernobyl, after the nuclear plant explosion in 1986 ; b) the zone of La Hague, (North of La Manche administrative region in France) characterised by many activities related to nuclear industry (nuclear plant, stocking centre, nuclear waste re-use industry, military plants. . . ). La Hague is located just in front of an ocean deep filled with radioactive waste. The demonstration aims at showing that we need to leave behind us usual social and medical definitions of disease, in order to grasp the dynamics of pathogenic incorporations. There is a strong need to get rid of any kind of biologism and to show how we are also able to incorporate institutional ways of thinking that can really make us physiologically ill. These institutional ways of thinging fully belong to environmental pollutions, as they are bound to become latent social pathologies through subjective, personal incorporation. Consecutive individual and physical illness can than be considered as institutions to become institutions in progress
Nguyen, Huong Liên. "Contribution à la quantification des incertitudes portées par la variabilité spatiale des déchets radioactifs enterrés à Tchernobyl." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM045.
Full textFollowing the explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, about 800 shallow trenches were dug to bury radioactive waste in the exclusion zone. However, these trenches were built in permeable aeolian sand and do not prevent the migration of radionuclides in the superficial aquifer. Trench T22 allows us to explore general research problems such as the uncertainty linked to the volume and the activity of radioactive waste, and to the water quality in groundwater downstream the trench.Previous estimations of the trench inventory assume that the correlation between specific activity measured in soil samples and in situ count rate is linear. Geostatistical simulations are used to analyze this correlation and its sensitivity to the activity spatial variability and to its surrounding environment. If the correlation can be considered as linear, the study of field measurements undertaken in 2015 demonstrates that it is better to apply cokriging to estimate the activity by the count rate rather than transforming the count rate data.The inventory of 137Cs calculated for 1999 is then compared to a previous estimation. The trench boundaries are interpolated using the results of ground penetrating radar profiles and gamma logging carried on boreholes drilled into the trench. The new estimation is completed by geostatistical simulations and enables us to quantify the uncertainty of 137Cs trench inventory.Finally, the effect of the source term spatial variability is explored with the 90Sr migration modeling. The previous 90Sr transport model did not take into account the water table fluctuations which may cause some discrepancies between model predictions and field observations. They are thus reproduced in a 2D non saturated model. A sensitivity analysis on the flow and transport parameters as well as the source term variability is undertaken
Léone, Sébastien. "Les populations de haute-montagne face aux contraintes naturelles : les vallées de Chamonix et Vallorcine : 1730-1914." Grenoble 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE29008.
Full textRufat, Samuel. "Transition post socialiste et vulnerabilité urbaine à Bucarest." École normale supérieure-Lettres et sciences humaines (Lyon ; 2000-2009), 2008. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01999981.
Full textTransition periods correspond to a reinforcement of vulnerability for the authors of "The Environment as Hazard". This study tries to verify this assertion in the case of the end of socialism based upon the example of Bucharest. It starts from the assumption that there is an articulation between, on the one hand, the transformations of the “transition” period and, on the other hand, the metropolis as a “crucible” of hazard. Then, it tries to determine whether there was an increase in vulnerability in Bucharest during the last fifteen years. The various dimensions of vulnerability are analyzed according to five successive approaches: historical, epistemological, territorial, through the practices and risk management institutions and lastly risk perception. Through this journey, the study finds two types of results. First, the “transition” period resulted in a convergence of the reinforcement of the various dimensions of vulnerability, which leads in some cases to highly alarming situations. Then, the methods designed lead to two applications that go largely beyond the case of Bucharest: a new approach to vulnerability assessment and a new risk perception framework
Lamalice, André. "En temps de guerre comme en temps de paix, gouvernement manquant, gouvernance manquée : la protection civile au Canada, 1938-1988." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19839.
Full textTheodorakopoulos, Nicolas. "Analyse de la diversité bactérienne d'un sol contaminé de la zone d'exclusion de Tchernobyl et caractérisation de l'intéraction engagée par une souche de Microbactérium avec l'uranium." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4108.
Full textThe nuclear power plants accidents of Chernobyl and Fukushima demonstrate the importance of the understanding of the transfers of the radioactive contamination in the environment and their ecological consequences. Although certain studies have been realized on superior organisms of the food chain, studies on telluric bacterial communities are scarce. The later play nevertheless an essential role in the mobility of contaminants in soils by decreasing or by improving their transfer towards other compartments (water, vegetables, and animals). Moreover, radionuclides (RNs) can have toxic effects on bacteria, leading to an inhibition of their participation in such transfer. The objectives of this study were (1) to estimate the impact of radioactive contamination on bacterial communities belonging to a soil of a Chernobyl exclusion zone (trench n°22) and (2) to study the uranium-bacteria interactions of a resistant strain, isolated from this soil
Durand-Poudret, Emma. "L'évolution du droit international face aux risques posés par les accidents nucléaires." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0517.
Full textReviewing the complex relation between international law and nuclear risks posed by major accidents raises a set of questions. It first addresses the nature of the legal response made in this regard. It also appreciates whether the framework is sufficiently efficient and effective. At last, assuming that nuclear accidents turn international law into a relative failure, it is worth exploring different means to enhance the said law. Simply put, this brings us to the question of whether the adaptation of international law to nuclear risk is relevant. More broadly, our thesis consists in defending that continuous adaptation of law, resulting from the dynamic dialogue between legal science and scientific progress, improves its efficiency and effectiveness. However, the adaptation widely depends on the technological development of nuclear energy, as the atom both limits and extends the scope of international law. This original feature reveals that many difficulties arise when it comes to grasp the complexity of scientific facts. The stakes are high as international nuclear aims at mitigating the effects of a major technological risk in order to preserve the living conditions of mankind
Nguyen, Huong Liên. "Contribution à la quantification des incertitudes portées par la variabilité spatiale des déchets radioactifs enterrés à Tchernobyl." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM045/document.
Full textFollowing the explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, about 800 shallow trenches were dug to bury radioactive waste in the exclusion zone. However, these trenches were built in permeable aeolian sand and do not prevent the migration of radionuclides in the superficial aquifer. Trench T22 allows us to explore general research problems such as the uncertainty linked to the volume and the activity of radioactive waste, and to the water quality in groundwater downstream the trench.Previous estimations of the trench inventory assume that the correlation between specific activity measured in soil samples and in situ count rate is linear. Geostatistical simulations are used to analyze this correlation and its sensitivity to the activity spatial variability and to its surrounding environment. If the correlation can be considered as linear, the study of field measurements undertaken in 2015 demonstrates that it is better to apply cokriging to estimate the activity by the count rate rather than transforming the count rate data.The inventory of 137Cs calculated for 1999 is then compared to a previous estimation. The trench boundaries are interpolated using the results of ground penetrating radar profiles and gamma logging carried on boreholes drilled into the trench. The new estimation is completed by geostatistical simulations and enables us to quantify the uncertainty of 137Cs trench inventory.Finally, the effect of the source term spatial variability is explored with the 90Sr migration modeling. The previous 90Sr transport model did not take into account the water table fluctuations which may cause some discrepancies between model predictions and field observations. They are thus reproduced in a 2D non saturated model. A sensitivity analysis on the flow and transport parameters as well as the source term variability is undertaken
Dhoorah, Marie Sabrina. "L'évolution du droit en matière de sûreté nucléaire après Fukushima et la gouvernance internationale." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020031/document.
Full textOn March 11, 2011, the Japan suffered an earthquake followed by a tsunami to the terrible consequences. In nuclear power plant Fukushima Dai-ichi happened a nuclear accident of level 7 (highest) on the international scale, which marked the spirits such as rivaled that of Chernobyl in 1986. This accident left the world agog with these new forms of threats, especially since the TEPCO operator did not master the situation or learn the lessons of the past. Since Fukushima, the fundamentals in Europe and worldwide has so upset been turned upside-down and this raises the question of safety and security of power plants with renewed acuity, which necessitated. It is imperative to redefine in law and in practice some standards and principles at the national, European and international level in accordance with these new threats to the highest level of safety. But the legal revisions need to be more ambitious. The future of nuclear power suggest therefore: at the European level: a more ambitious revision of the directive on nuclear safety; the establishment of a regulatory body with effective independence de jure ; the definition of a liability law harmonised throughout the EU and the IAEA for victims in the event of an accident. At the international level: the governance is necessary as a vector of a common safety culture and security culture ; although the diversity of national models of management and control of the nuclear industry appears a priori difficult to move towards common rules. As well as at the European level, the writing of a single text entitled to the repair of damages would be necessary for the same reasons already stated. The revision of the Convention on nuclear safety is also as important crucial for the future. For immediate harmonization concerns many fields, for the most part: during and after a nuclear accident crisis management; the implementation of the principles of safety and security at the most efficient and highest level from the conception to the dismantling of an installation; strengthening interaction adapted between nuclear safety and nuclear security ; but also the integration of the population in the decision-making process in the areas of nuclear is mandatory for the acceptance of nuclear energy
Véricel, Ludivine. "Des masques et des marques, après la catastrophe : étude comparée des oeuvres de Normand Chaurette et de Daniel Danis." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5009/1/M12572.pdf.
Full textPaquet, Amélie. "Littérature et sens commun : Céline et Genet au cœur de la catastrophe." Thèse, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5370/1/D2427.pdf.
Full textCharbonneau, Mathieu. "La théorie de la société du risque à l'épreuve de l'économie politique de l'assurance : état des lieux du débat sociologique autour du principe d'inassurabilité privée chez Ulrich Beck." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4248/1/M12157.pdf.
Full textHarger, Jennifer Leigh. ""Living in truth" : moral and political intersections in Samuel Beckett, Tom Stoppard, and Václav Havel." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-3327.
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