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Journal articles on the topic 'Cataract'
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1
Atada, Likhitha D., S. Joshi Manisha, and A. J. Dayananda. "An Empirical Study on Cataract Multiclass Grading Assessment with Slit Lamp Bio-microscope Images Using Neural Network Models." International Journal Bioautomation 28, no. 2 (June 2024): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/ijba.2024.28.2.000959.
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Cataract, an age-related eye disease, poses a significant ophthalmological public health challenge in both developed and developing nations. Tailoring treatment or surgery plans helps accurately categorise the cataract's developmental stage. Precise cataract grading helps in diagnosing cataracts and subsequently scheduling surgical intervention. In this project endeavour, a solution is presented to automate the cataract grading process utilizing slit lamp bio-microscope data sets acquired through smartphones. This innovation is particularly valuable for novice practitioners and non-specialist doctors/experts who may struggle with proficiently interpreting cataract progression, leading to potential misdiagnoses. To address this challenge, a Neural Network model is harnessed to automatically predict the grade of cataracts. The study employs multi-class image classification models, including the Convolutional neural network (CNN) model, the Efficient Net B0 model, and the ResNet50 model, for this purpose. Notably, the ResNet50 model outperforms the other models in terms of accuracy and prediction capability for the provided data set. Achieving an accuracy rate of 0.8611, the ResNet50 model demonstrates superior performance in classifying cataract grades, after augmenting the data set with 544 images. This performance comparison establishes the ResNet50 model as the most robust choice among the considered models and data sets.
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Ragni, Kumari. "Senile Cataract." Journal of Community Medicine and Health Solutions 5, no. 1 (February 2, 2024): 001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jcmhs.1001041.
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Cataracts may be described as the opacity of crystalline lenses present in the eye. The translucent crystalline lens is a part of the human eye. It possesses all the physical characteristics of a biconvex lens. The eye’s lens performs similar functions to a camera’s lens. The lens directs light rays entering the eye to the retina’s sensitive layers. Any factor that increases the absorption of scattering of light by the lens reduces its transparency. The opacity of the lens or its capsule, whether developmental or acquired, is called a cataract. Cataracts vary in degree of density and site and assume various forms. Cataract is the leading cause of reversible visual impairment and blindness globally. There are several classifications of cataracts based on morphologic and/or etiologic criteria. However, in epidemiologic studies, the simplified system of three types based on localization of lens opacities is most commonly used: Nuclear cataract is the most common type, followed by cortical cataract and posterior subcapsular cataract. This most prevalent form of acquired cataract, also known as an “age-related cataract,” affects people of both sexes equally and typically develops after age 50. More than 90% of people experience senile cataracts by age 70. Although one eye is almost always afflicted before the other, the disorder is typically bilateral. In the available literature, there is no mention of any such drug that could reverse the opacity of the lens (cataract) once it occurred and make it clear and transparent again. Only replacement of opaque lenses with artificial transparent Intraocular lens (IOL) is successful treatment of cataracts. This review focuses on senile cataracts and the best possible management of senile cataracts.
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Appelboam, Helen. "Canine cataracts." Companion Animal 29, no. 1 (January 2, 2024): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/coan.2023.0053.
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The intraocular lens is uniquely designed to aid focused vision, and diseases of the lens such as cataracts are a common cause of blindness in dogs. The causes of cataracts are discussed including the main aetiologies such as hereditary cataract, senile and diabetic cataracts. The article focuses on dogs, as cataracts are less common in cats, although traumatic cataracts and rarely, inherited, congenital and developmental cataracts do occur in felines. The article discusses ways to examine and classify a cataract; the best way to diagnose an early cataract is examination with a veterinary ophthalmologist. Early detection is important, as it is not advised to breed from dogs affected with hereditary cataracts. Surgical extraction is currently the only method to remove a cataract and restore vision, and the common complications of cataract surgery are also explored.
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Nakazawa, Yosuke, Teppei Shibata, Noriaki Nagai, Eri Kubo, Hiroomi Tamura, and Hiroshi Sasaki. "Degradation of connexin 50 protein causes waterclefts in human lens." Open Medicine 15, no. 1 (November 17, 2020): 1163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/med-2020-0249.
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AbstractCataracts are mainly classified into three types: cortical cataracts, nuclear cataracts, and posterior subcapsular cataracts. In addition, retrodots and waterclefts are cataract subtypes that cause decreased visual function. To maintain an orderly and tightly packed arrangement to minimize light scattering, adhesion molecules such as connexins and aquaporin 0 (AQP0) are highly expressed in the lens. We hypothesized that some main and/or subcataract type(s) are correlated with adhesion molecule degradation. Lens samples were collected from cataract patients during cataract surgery, and mRNA and protein expression levels were measured by real-time RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. The mRNA levels of adhesion molecules were not significantly different among any cataract types. Moreover, AQP0 and connexin 46 protein expressions were unchanged among patients. However, connexin 50 protein level was significantly decreased in the lens of patients with WC cataract subtype. P62 and LC3B proteins were detected in the WC patients’ lenses, but not in other patients’ lenses. These results suggest that more research is needed on the subtypes of cataracts besides the three major types of cataract for tailor-made cataract therapy.
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Lathika, Vasu Kamaladevi, Susan Prakash Minu, and K. Skariah Charles. "Influence of cataract on image quality and macular thickness measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography: a prospective cohort study." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 4, no. 2 (March 23, 2017): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20171058.
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Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the most useful imaging techniques in the management of retinal diseases affecting the macula. Factors affecting the image quality of OCT may affect the macular thickness and hence treatment of retinal pathologies. This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of cataract on macular scans using spectral domain OCT.Methods: The prospective study was done in 36 patients with cataract. Cataract was graded as cortical, nuclear or posterior cataracts. All patients underwent small incision cataract surgery. Pre and post-operative imaging of the macula (4 weeks after surgery) using spectral domain OCT. The signal strength and central macular thickness (CMT) measurements were made before and after the surgery and analysed statistically.Results: The majority (66.7%) of patients had posterior cataracts. A statistically significant improvement in OCT image quality (as assessed by signal strength) was noted post operatively. This was maximum for posterior cataracts (2.9), followed by cortical cataract (1.6), while nuclear cataracts had the least increase in signal strength (1.3). The difference in signal strength gain between posterior and nuclear cataracts was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.05). The increase in CMT was clinically significant only in 8.2% of the study population. No patient with nuclear cataract had a clinically significant increase in CMT following surgery.Conclusions: Cataract can influence OCT image quality as well as central macular thickness measurements. Both were found to be affected maximally by posterior cataracts, followed by cortical, while nuclear cataracts had the least influence.
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Chee, Soon-Phaik, Nicole Shu-Wen Chan, Younian Yang, and Seng-Ei Ti. "Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for the white cataract." British Journal of Ophthalmology 103, no. 4 (June 15, 2018): 544–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312289.
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Aim To report the capsulotomy and lens fragmentation outcomes of white cataracts managed with the femtosecond laser (FL).Methods Outcomes of a prospective, observational consecutive case series of white cataracts (June 2012–November 2016) that underwent FL-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) (Victus, Bausch+Lomb, Munich, Germany) at the Singapore National Eye Centre were audited. Data collected: patient demographics, type of white cataract, levelness of docking, anterior capsule position following laser, completeness of capsulotomy and fragmentation, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 1 month, intraoperative complications. Outcome measures: capsulotomy integrity, fragmentation capability and BCVA at 1 month.Results 58 eyes of 54 patients underwent FLACS. White cataract types included dry white (24 eyes), intumescent (28 eyes) and Morgagnian (6 eyes). Docking was level in 22 eyes (38.6%). Following FL, the anterior capsule level dropped in 20 eyes (34.5%). Incomplete capsulotomies occurred in 10 eyes (17.2%). Lens fragmentation attempted in 38 eyes was effective or partially effective in 31 eyes (81.6%). No anterior or posterior capsule tears occurred. LogMAR BCVA at 1 month was 0.073 (SD 0.09). Risk factors for incomplete capsulotomy were Morgagnian cataract and lens thickness (multiple logistic regression, p<0.01 and p=0.03, respectively).ConclusionThe main complication of FLACS in white cataracts was incomplete capsulotomy (17.2%), significantly associated with Morgagnian cataracts and increased lens thickness. Lens fragmentation was effected in four-fifths of white cataracts but should be avoided in Morgagnian cataracts due to possible overlap of the lens fragmentation plan and the anterior capsule.
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Rahman, Nurul Aini Abdul, and Ameilia Ahmad. "Double rosette cataract: a case report." Malaysian Journal of Ophthalmology 4, no. 1 (March 21, 2022): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35119/myjo.v4i1.178.
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Cataract is commonly seen in the elderly population and is a major cause of blindness in Malaysia. The most common morphological types of cataracts associated with the elderly are cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular cataract. Rosette cataracts are commonly associated with blunt trauma. We report a case of a patient who presented with unilateral, non-traumatic, double rosette cataract. He successfully underwent cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation and the final visual outcome was good.
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Mylona, Ioanna, Maria Dermenoudi, Nikolaos Ziakas, and Ioannis Tsinopoulos. "Hypertension is the Prominent Risk Factor in Cataract Patients." Medicina 55, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55080430.
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Background and objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the most prominent cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: The study included 812 consecutive patients undergoing unilateral, uneventful cataract surgery by means of phacoemulsification, at the 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, during a calendar year. Patients were assessed for the type of cataract and the presence of three diseases, under pharmacological treatment, that have been reported as risk factors for the development of cataract (arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia). Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the types of cataract and individual risk factors (p < 0.001). Hypertension was the most frequentrisk factor, ranging from 43.8% in patients with subcapsular cataracts, 24.3% in patients with nuclear cataracts, 28.6% in patients with cortical cataracts, and 27.6% in patients with mixed type cataracts. There was a statistically significant difference as to the total number of risk factors per cataract type (p < 0.001); almost all patients with subcapsular cataracts had at least one risk factor (98.4%) while this percentage was 90.5% for patients with mixed cataracts, 85.7% for patients with cortical cataracts, and78.6% for patients with nuclear cataracts. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus did not have a large incidence in our sample as a single risk factor, while hypertension did. This finding raises the importance of early detection of hypertension, a cardiovascular condition that typically progresses undetected for a number of years.
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Kurt, Ali, Tülay Karacan Ersekerci, Rasit Kiliç, and Naime Meriç Konar. "The Affects of Smoking on Cataract Formation in Turkish Patients." Ophthalmology Research: An International Journal 18, no. 6 (October 25, 2023): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/or/2023/v18i6403.
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Aims: To investigate whether smoking influences cataract formation age and cataract type in patients who underwent senile cataract surgery.
Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department Of Ophthalmology, Ahi Evran Faculty Of Medicine between November 2014 and March 2018.
Methodology: Five hundred eighty-one patients were included, who were operated on for senile cataracts. Age, gender, cataract type, and smoking status of patients were recorded. Congenital, traumatic, drug-induced, and uveitic cataracts were excluded from the study. The smoking status of patients was divided into three groups: currently smoking, never smoking, quitted smoking. The smoking load of patients was calculated as packages/year.
Results: Of total of 581 patients, 47.8% (278) were female and 52.2% (303) were male and the mean ages were 66.68 ± 10.68 years and 66.17 ± 9.37 years, respectively. There was an association between gender and smoking status (p<0.05). Smoking rate (both currently smoking and quit smoking) was higher among males. The mean age of cataract patients who were smokers was statistically lower than the mean ages of non-smokers and quitters (p <0.001). There was a statistical association between cataract type of patients and smoking status (p=0.0152). This resulted from a lower incidence of cortical cataracts and higher incidence of posterior subcapsular and nuclear cataracts in smokers. Among these three groups, cortical cataract was the most frequent in the non-smoker group. It was found that smoking increases the posterior subcapsular cataract, but it has less effect on cortical cataract formation.
Conclusion: Smoking causes cataract formation in younger ages and higher posterior subcapsular cataract rate. We suggest that this finding may prevent beginning of smoking and increase the motivation of individuals to quit smoking.
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Saygılı, Oğuzhan, Alper Dai, Yusuf Koçluk, and Alper Mete. "Congenital Cataract." European Journal of Therapeutics 16, no. 3 (May 1, 2010): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.58600/eurjther.2010-16-3-1209-arch.
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Congenital cataract has a high amblyogenic potential and is an important subject in pediatric opthalmology. Because of amblyopia risk, congenital cataracts require an early diagnosis.Bilateral congenital cataract is genetic in at least 25% of cases. In contrast, unilateral congenital cataract is usually sporadic. The mode of inheritance is mostly autosomal dominant but autosomal recessive and X-linked modes also occur. Metabolic cataract may be diagnosed biochemically. Because of the anatomical dimensions being smaller and the tissue structures being softer and more elastic in the young patient, surgery of paediatric cataracts represents a special challenge for the ophthalmic surgeon. The evolution of paediatric cataract surgery continues, with many adult cataract surgical techniques being applied to children with minor technical adjustments. Intraocular lenses have helped to provide better anatomic and functional outcome for cataract surgery in children. More and more, surgeons are implanting intraocular lenses in younger children. One of the most widely reported technologic advances in 2004-2005 was the use of hydrofobic acrylic intraocular lenses in children. Predicting axial growth, and refractive change that accompanies it, is one of the major remaining challances for the long- term care of children who have had cataract surgery. Due to the increased inflammatory reaction postoperatively, a minimally traumatic operation, intensive occlusion therapy and optimal correction with glasses or contact lenses are also necessary. Orthoptic follow-up examinations are also important for the long-term result.In this review, a short information about diagnosis and management of congenital cataract is presented.
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ABD RAHMAN, MOHD HARIMI, NURUL HAFIZAH MOHD NORIZAN, HALIZA ABDUL MUTALIB, and MD MUSTAFA MD-MUZIMAN-SYAH. "Comparison of Driving Difficulty Between Bilateral Cataract and Non-Cataract Elderly Drivers in Malaysia: A Preliminary Study." Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia 19, no. 01 (January 25, 2021): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2021-1901-16.
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An age-related ocular disease such as cataract that causes reduction of visual functions would affect the individual driving performance. The aim of this research was to compare driving difficulties between Malaysian drivers with bilateral cataracts and without cataract. This cross-sectional study involved measurement of visual functions [visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS)] and driving difficulty of 61 respondents who had valid driving license and actively driving. Subjects were divided into cataract group (n=30) and age/gender matched non-cataracts as control group (n=31). Results showed the mean±SD for composite driving difficulty score in cataract group and in control group were 72.08±15.95 and 87.50±12.60 respectively. Results also showed significant mean difference composite driving difficulty score between cataract and control group (p=0.000). Cataract drivers also have significant difficulty driving in raining (p=0.034) and at night (p=0.013) compared to drivers without cataract. Details inter-group analysis result showed that reduced VA and CS were two main findings among cataract drivers with driving difficulty. This study showed that drivers with cataract would experience driving difficulties compared to the drivers without cataract, especially in low contrast situations.
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Díez-Ajenjo, M. Amparo, M. Carmen García-Domene, José M. Artigas, Adelina Felipe, Cristina Peris-Martínez, and José Luis Menezo. "Lens Opacities in Valencia, Spain." European Journal of Ophthalmology 21, no. 6 (March 31, 2011): 715–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/ejo.2011.6507.
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Purpose. To evaluate the most common lens opacities in Valencia (Spain), analyzed by gender, grade, and type of cataracts. The results are compared with other studies performed at other geographical latitudes and on different races. Methods. A total of 1951 eyes of patients diagnosed with cataracts, aged between 30 and 96 years, were evaluated in accordance with age, gender, type and degree of the cataract, bilaterality and symmetry of this disease. Lens Opacities Classification System III was used to classify the cataract and the degree was graded as mild or moderate to advanced. Results. The most common type of cataract is corticonuclear in the elderly and subcapsular in younger subjects. The most common are nuclear (28.4%) followed by cortical (6.2%), if combined cataracts are ruled out. There is a greater incidence of cortical cataracts in women (70%) and subcapsular cataracts in men (70%). Conclusions. The results suggest the existence of a gender factor in cataract formation and coincide with those obtained in similar studies performed in areas at a similar latitude (40° N) and with different race population. The geographical location (intensity and length of exposure to solar radiation) seems to be a determining factor in the formation of a specific type of cataract, more than race, although there are other factors that contribute in the formation of a specific type of cataract.
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Lim, Julie C., Mariana Caballero Arredondo, Andrea J. Braakhuis, and Paul J. Donaldson. "Vitamin C and the Lens: New Insights into Delaying the Onset of Cataract." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (October 14, 2020): 3142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103142.
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Cataracts or clouding of the lens is the leading cause of blindness in the world. Age and diabetes are major risk factors, and with an increasing aging and diabetic population, the burden of cataracts will grow. Cataract surgery is an effective way to restore vision; however, alternatives to cataract surgery are required to reduce the looming cataract epidemic. Since it is well established that oxidative damage plays a major role in the etiology of cataracts, antioxidants have been promoted as therapies to delay and/or prevent cataracts. However, many antioxidant interventions including vitamin C have produced mixed results as anti-cataract therapies. Progress has been made towards our understanding of lens physiology and the mechanisms involved in the delivery and uptake of antioxidants to the lens which may guide future studies aimed at addressing some of the inconsistencies seen in previous animal and human studies. Of interest is the potential for vitamin C based supplements in delaying the onset of cataracts post vitrectomy which occurs in up to 80% of patients within two years. These targeted approaches are required to reduce the burden of cataract on hospitals and improve the quality of life of our aging and diabetic population.
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Labib, Radimas Putra Muhammad Davi, Sirojul Hadi, Parama Diptya Widayaka, and Irmalia Suryani Faradisa. "Convolutional Neural Network for Cataract Maturity Classification Based LeNet." Jurnal Varian 5, no. 2 (April 19, 2022): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.30812/varian.v5i2.1629.
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The eyes are one of the vital organs owned by humans. One of the common eye diseases is cataracts. This disease is characterized by clouding of the lens of the eye and can interfere with vision. Worst case, sufferers can experience blindness. Cataract maturity can be divided into four categories, namely incipient, immature, mature, and hypermature. Cataracts can be removed through surgery when the cataract is in the mature or hypermature phase. Cataract examination is usually done using a slit lamp. The lack of hospitals that have this equipment can cause delays in the healing process for cataract sufferers. This study created an image processing algorithm for the maturity classification process of cataracts using the Convolutional Neural Network method with LeNet network architecture. The algorithm that has been built is capable of classifying the maturity of cataracts with an accuracy rate of 93.33%
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Israfilova, Gulnara Z. "On the surgical treatment of cataracts and the causes of low vision after surgery (literature review)." POINT OF VIEW. EAST – WEST, no. 1 (April 9, 2022): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2410-1257-2022-1-58-62.
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Cataracts are one of the leading causes of vision impairment and reversible blindness in the world. This literature review is devoted to studies that consider important aspects of surgical treatment of age-related cataracts, such as the number and quality of operations performed. The data on the influence of global trends, local territorial and social characteristics on the number of surgical interventions for cataracts are presented. The analysis of indicators of monitoring of surgical treatment of cataract is carried out, the main factors influencing the target indicators of the frequency of cataract surgery on a regional scale are presented. This review also presents the results of studies investigating the causes of low visual acuity after cataract surgery. Key words: cataract surgery, phacoemulsification, causes of low vision
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Djurovic, Branka, Branislav Djurovic, and Vesna Spasic-Jokic. "Professional exposure to ionizing radiation and the occurrence of cataract." Vojnosanitetski pregled 61, no. 4 (2004): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0404387d.
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Radiation cataract is one of ensuing effects of ionizing radiation, since its threshold dose under which it does not occur, and above which it shows dose dependency, has been observed. Clinical course of radiation cataract is identical for all the types of ionizing radiation and is very typical. Minimal dose for progressive cataract formation is determined by the type of radiation, i.e., its relative biological efficacy, dose, and the duration of the exposure period. Theoretically, threshold dose existence does not exclude the incidence of cataract formation under significantly smaller doses, as well. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of cataract formation among the medical staff professionally exposed to ionizing radiation. Neither of the diagnosed cataracts had typical morphology, nor was the correlation established between the dose, exposure time, and the cataract formation. All the diagnosed cataracts were described as premature, and therefore ionizing radiation was considered as a co-factor in premature cataract formation in the examined groups.
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Grigoryeva, Y. V., and M. R. Obraztsova. "A Clinical case of surgical treatment of complicated cataracts in a patient with combined congenital eye pathology." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2021-2-27-29.
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Purpose. To evaluate the clinical and functional visual results in a patient with complicated cataract on the background of combined congenital eye pathology after performing cataract phacoemulsification with toric intraocular lens implantation. Material and methods. Under the supervision of patient Ch., who successfully underwent surgery on the right eye-cataract phacoemulsification with implantation of an intraocular lens for complicated cataracts against the background of combined congenital eye pathology. Results. The patient Ch. was subjectively satisfied with the visual functions obtained in the right eye. Conclusion. Thus, this clinical case demonstrates a very successful implementation of cataract phacoemulsification with implantation of a toric intraocular lens in a patient with complicated cataracts against the background of a combined congenital eye pathology. Key words: complicated cataract, coloboma of the iris, coloboma of the choroid, phacoemulsification of the cataract, astigmatic correction.
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Surya, P. A. A. S., and N. N. Sunariasih. "Comparison of Visual Acuity between Post Small Incision Cataract Surgery and Phacoemulsification in Sanjiwani Hospital." European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 3, no. 6 (December 14, 2021): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.6.1108.
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Cataracts are the second most common cause of blindness in the world at 33%. The incidence of cataracts is 0.1% of the total population, so the number of new cataract cases in Indonesia is estimated at 250,000 per year. This study aims to compare the visual acuity of post cataract surgery patients with Small Incision Cataract Surgery and Phacoemulsification techniques at Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar. This study was a retrospective cohort at Ophthalmologist’s Outpatient Departement of Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar, Bali. The sample of this study was 60 patients with 84 eyes with senile cataract. The surgical techniques performed were Small Incision Cataract Surgery (53.6%) and Phacoemulsification (46.4%). After that, an Uncorrected Visual Acuity (UCVA) examination was carried out on day 1 and day 42. The result were cataract patients at Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar aged 60-65 years who were male. Comparison of visual acuity after Small Incision Cataract Surgery and Phacoemulsification had the same results. On day 1 and day 42, there was no different uncorrected visual acuity result between Small Incision Cataract Surgery and Phacoemulsification statistically.
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Xie, Kate, and Marjan Farid. "Conquering the White Cataract." US Ophthalmic Review 11, no. 1 (2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usor.2018.11.1.24.
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We review clinical pearls in the evaluation and surgical management of white cataracts. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery is a newer technology that can aid in capsulorhexis creation, however the surgeon should be aware of the risk of incomplete capsulotomy creation in intumescent white cataracts. The surgeon should be fully prepared and anticipate challenges at every step of cataract surgery in these complex cases.
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Wijayanti, Lumastari Ajeng, Meillisa Carlen Mainassy, Anggi Aryadi, Rahmat Pannyiwi, Asbath Said, and Harlina Harlina. "Analysis of Age and Gender Factors on the Incidence Rate of Cataracts in the Ophthalmology Clinic." International Journal of Health Sciences 1, no. 3 (August 15, 2023): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v1i3.99.
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Cataracts are a cause of blindness which accounts for approximately half of all blindness in the world, especially in developing countries. The mechanism of cataract formation is highly multifactorial. Loss of transparency in the nucleus and cortex of the lens of the eye can occur as a result of oxidation of membrane lipids, structural or enzymatic proteins by peroxides or free radicals induced by UV light. Other factors that can cause cataract formation are degenerative processes and diabetes mellitus). Cataract therapy is a surgical procedure by removing the cloudy lens, because no medical therapy has been proven to remove cataracts in adults. There are many methods that can be done with surgery for cataract patients. One of them is phacoemulsification, which is a cataract surgery using a small incision method. In this technique, liquefaction of the lens is made using an ultrasound probe that is inserted through an incision in the cornea or anterior sclera. This study aims to determine the relationship between age and gender with the incidence of cataracts at the Eye Polyclinic Outpatient Installation in 2022. This is a retrospective analytic study by examining data in the Recamedics Department. The data is grouped by age, sex and type of cataracts. There were 197 patients who came to the eye polyclinic in July 2022. From the results of the study, 197 people suffered from cataracts with a percentage of 88 men (45%) and 109 women (55%) and the age group that suffered the most from cataracts was the age group 53-68 years and the most common cataracts were senile cataract. Analysis of the relationship between age and gender with the incidence of cataracts in the Outpatient Installation (Poly Eyes) for the period of July 2022 obtained a value for the relationship between age and the incidence of cataracts P = 0.846 and the relationship between sex and the incidence of cataracts P = 0.01. Conclusion: In this study there is a significant relationship between gender and the incidence of cataracts and there is no relationship between age and the incidence of cataracts.
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Lestari, Indah, and Fifiyahpuahsari Fifiyahpuahsari. "LEVELS OF DIABETES BLOOD SUGAR WITH TYPE OF CATARACT." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCE (IJNMS) 3, no. 1 (May 11, 2019): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29082/ijnms/2019/vol3.iss1.211.
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Diabetes mellitus was a disease with macro and micro risk of angiopathy, which includes the impact of causing cataracts. Diabetic patients with high sugar levels have a greater chance of developing cataracts at a younger age and certain tendencies towards cataract type. The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between diabetes blood sugar levels and cataract type. The research design was correlation analysis with Cross-Sectional approach. Samples in the study were some cataract patients who had a history of diabetes mellitus in Surabaya Undaan Eye Hospital as many as 125 people, it was taken using consecutive sampling technique, and fulfilling the criteria of the study (age range 45 - 65 years, have complete medical records related to the continuity of sugar examination results in blood, the incidence of cataracts is not caused by congenital cataracts, juveniles, due to trauma, chemical exposure to UV radiation). Independent variable was the blood sugar level of Diabetes mellitus and the Dependent variable was cataract type. The instruments used were laboratory tests related to blood sugar levels, and medical diagnosis related to cataract type. Data were analyzed by Spearman rho, with a significant value <0.05. The results showed a close association between diabetes and cataracts, where as many as 47.2% with high blood sugar levels, 40% with nuclear cataract type and from 59 respondents with high blood sugar levels 26 people experienced nuclear cataract type, with rho value = 0.001. The mechanism of glucose toxicity in Diabetes Mellitus which causes cataracts can go through three paths: increased activity of the aldose reductase enzyme which causes the formation of sugar alcohol, sorbitol and galactitol in crystalline lenses; through the non-enzymatic replication process; and at high blood glucose levels a glucose oxidation process will occur which causes oxidative stress conditions. Maintenance of managing blood sugar levels must be a concern for diabetics.
Keywords: Blood Sugar Level, Diabetes Mellitus, Type of Cataract
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Lestari, Indah, and Fifiyahpuahsari Fifiyahpuahsari. "LEVELS OF DIABETES BLOOD SUGAR WITH TYPE OF CATARACT." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCE (IJNMS) 3, no. 1 (May 11, 2019): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29082/ijnms/2019/vol3/iss1/211.
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Diabetes mellitus was a disease with macro and micro risk of angiopathy, which includes the impact of causing cataracts. Diabetic patients with high sugar levels have a greater chance of developing cataracts at a younger age and certain tendencies towards cataract type. The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between diabetes blood sugar levels and cataract type. The research design was correlation analysis with Cross-Sectional approach. Samples in the study were some cataract patients who had a history of diabetes mellitus in Surabaya Undaan Eye Hospital as many as 125 people, it was taken using consecutive sampling technique, and fulfilling the criteria of the study (age range 45 - 65 years, have complete medical records related to the continuity of sugar examination results in blood, the incidence of cataracts is not caused by congenital cataracts, juveniles, due to trauma, chemical exposure to UV radiation). Independent variable was the blood sugar level of Diabetes mellitus and the Dependent variable was cataract type. The instruments used were laboratory tests related to blood sugar levels, and medical diagnosis related to cataract type. Data were analyzed by Spearman rho, with a significant value <0.05. The results showed a close association between diabetes and cataracts, where as many as 47.2% with high blood sugar levels, 40% with nuclear cataract type and from 59 respondents with high blood sugar levels 26 people experienced nuclear cataract type, with rho value = 0.001. The mechanism of glucose toxicity in Diabetes Mellitus which causes cataracts can go through three paths: increased activity of the aldose reductase enzyme which causes the formation of sugar alcohol, sorbitol and galactitol in crystalline lenses; through the non-enzymatic replication process; and at high blood glucose levels a glucose oxidation process will occur which causes oxidative stress conditions. Maintenance of managing blood sugar levels must be a concern for diabetics.
Keywords: Blood Sugar Level, Diabetes Mellitus, Type of Cataract
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Agustin, Sarah, Eka Novelia Putri, and Ichwan Nul Ichsan. "Design of A Cataract Detection System based on The Convolutional Neural Network." Jurnal ELTIKOM 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31961/eltikom.v8i1.1019.
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Cataract, a condition characterized by clouding of the eye's lens, leads to decreased vision and potentially blindness. In Indonesia, it is the predominant cause of blindness, accounting for 81.2% of cases. Given the rising life expectancy, the incidence of degenerative diseases like cataracts is expected to increase. This research aims to develop a cataract detection system capable of classifying eye images as either indicative of cataracts or normal. Utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and RGB-based image processing—including edge detection techniques such as Canny and Prewitt—the system identifies eye contours. This facilitates image segmentation to ascertain the eye's condition. Therefore, image collection and processing models play a crucial role in this study. The research findings indicate that the system functions effectively, with a 98% success rate in accurately processing normal eye images through the CNN model without detecting cataracts. When tested using grayscale imaging, cataract-afflicted eyes—characterized by red spots in the images—were also successfully identified by the CNN model. These test results demonstrate that the designed cataract detection system can accurately classify images into normal or cataract-afflicted eyes with high precision. This system shows promise for use in early cataract detection, potentially helping to reduce the prevalence of cataract-related blindness in Indonesia.
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Kisic, Bojana, Dijana Miric, Lepsa Zoric, Ilija Dragojevic, and Aleksandra Stolic. "Role of lipid peroxidation in pathogenesis of senile cataract." Vojnosanitetski pregled 66, no. 5 (2009): 371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0905371k.
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Background /Aim. Cataract is a structural, biochemical and optical change in the eye lens, which changes transmission and refraction of light rays reducing keenness and clarity of a figure on the retina. Its occurrence is highest in older people, over the age of 65 (45.9%), thus a certain degree of opacification exists practically in all people over the 70. Our research was directed to measuring of lipid peroxidation products in cataract lenses involved in early stages of cataractogenesis through oxidative stress and in the development of mature cataract. Methods. Clinical and biochemical research was carried out in 101 patients with cataract, 46 women and 55 men. The average age of the group was 72.47 (? = 7.98). According to the cataract maturity degree the patients were classified into two groups as follows: cataracta senilis incipiens (n = 41) and cataracta senilis matura (n = 60). Measuring of diene conjugates was carried out by spectrophotometer. Fluorescent lipid peroxidation products were measured by a spectrofluorophotometer, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was measured by colorimeter as a product of a reaction with thiobarbituric acid (TBA). Result. Significantly higher diene conjugated concentration in lenses was measured in the patients with the diagnosis cataracta senilis incipiens (p < 0.001) as well as the intensity of fluorescent iminopropens (p < 0.001). Significantly higher MDA concentration in lens (p < 0.001) was measured in the patients with cataracta senilis matura. Conclusion. The lens structure changes caused by lipid peroxidation can, with other risk factors present, influence the occurrence and development of mature cataract. Some cataract types show different lipid peroxidation intensity with the most distinct changes in cataract which started as corticonuclear.
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Theophanous, Christos N., Donald J. Wolfgeher, Asim V. Farooq, and Sarah Hilkert Rodriguez. "Biomarkers of Pediatric Cataracts: A Proteomics Analysis of Aqueous Fluid." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 10 (May 20, 2023): 9040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24109040.
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Cataracts are among the most common causes of childhood vision loss worldwide. This study seeks to identify differentially expressed proteins in the aqueous humor of pediatric cataract patients. Samples of aqueous humor were collected from pediatric and adult cataract patients and subjected to mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. Samples of pediatric cataracts were grouped by subtype and compared to adult samples. Differentially expressed proteins in each subtype were identified. Gene ontology analysis was performed using WikiPaths for each cataract subtype. Seven pediatric patients and ten adult patients were included in the study. Of the pediatric samples, all seven (100%) were male, three (43%) had traumatic cataracts, two (29%) had congenital cataracts, and two (29%) had posterior polar cataracts. Of the adult patients, seven (70%) were female and seven (70%) had predominantly nuclear sclerotic cataracts. A total of 128 proteins were upregulated in the pediatric samples, and 127 proteins were upregulated in the adult samples, with 75 proteins shared by both groups. Gene ontology analysis identified inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways as upregulated in pediatric cataracts. Inflammatory and oxidative stress mechanisms may be involved in pediatric cataract formation and warrant further investigation.
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Zoric, Lepsa, Petar Aleksic, Darinka Koracevic, and Goran Trajkovic. "The aqueous humour antioxidative capacity in different types and color of the age-related cataract." Vojnosanitetski pregled 62, no. 12 (2005): 909–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0512909z.
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Background/Aim. Oxidative stress results from increased oxidative processes, decreased antioxidative protection, or both processes simultaneously. Photooxidative stress, as a form of oxidative stress, induced by the energy of solar radiation, today is considered as crucial in the age-related cataractogenesis. Other known and unknown, endogenous and egsogenous factors that contribute to the oxidative stress intensity, can influence the cataract type and brunescence. Thus the oxidative stress intensity and its form might determine the cataract type and brunescence, and also make the efforts in cataract prevention more complex. Hence, the objective of the present paper was to investigate the current amount of antioxidative capacity in aqueous humour during the cataract genesis of different types and pigmentation of cataract. Methods. Transversal review of 80 samples of humour aqueous obtained during extracapsular cataract extraction. Aqueouses were analyzed by tiobarbituric acid (TBA) method for the total antioxidant activity estimation, expressed as %iMDA, and by using 0.1 ml of aqueous. Results. The mixed type of cataract showed the statistically significantly lower values of the intensities of antioxidative protection in aqueous humour compared to cortical and nuclear cataracts (p < 0.001, respectively). Between pure nuclear and cortical cataracts we found the small differences of the investigated parameter, but they pointed to the decreased level of antioxidative protection, i.e. the increased intensity of the aqueous humour oxidative stress in the cortical cataract type. A significant correlation between the cortical cataract maturation and the %iMDA (p < 0.05) was found. Conclusions. The role of the oxidative stress, here expressed as the antioxidative capacity of aqueous humour, could not be the same for all the cataract types. The lower level of antioxidative protection of aqueous in brunescent and mixed cataracts may point to the higher intensity of oxidative stress in those cataract types. The correlation between the cortical cataract maturity and %iMDA points to the significant decrease of the aqueous antioxidative protection in the cataract progression.
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Kovalevskaya, Maria Alexandrovna, Liliya Alekseevna Filina, and Vladimir Leonidovich Kokorev. "Factors of the Risk of Developing a Secondary Cataract and Recommendations for Conducting a Primary Posterior Capsulorhexis." Vestnik of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 11, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2018-11-3-213-217.
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Relevance. At the present stage, cataract surgery techniques perfectly cope with the task of restoring the transparency of the optic system of the eye, which makes it possible to quickly restore visual functions and patient performance. Throughout the world, there is a trend of cataract surgery in the initial stages, recommending that patients do not wait for cataract ripening. However, as practice has shown, this leads to an increase in the number of patients with secondary cataract.Goal. To develop recommendations and ways of preventing secondary cataract.Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of two groups of patients who applied for laser dyssia (192) and operated on cataracts (2590) for one calendar year was carried out. The interrelation of a type of a cataract and development of opacifications of a back capsule is analyzed.Results. In patients with myopia, which is a sign of complicated cataracts, the risk of developing secondary cataract is 3.5 times higher with a high degree of statistical significance (p <0.005). The following is the risk of diabetes mellitus of both types, as a sign of complicated cataract with concomitant pathology, which increases the risk of developing a secondary cataract up to 3 times (p <0.01). Immature cataract stages according to our observations also with statistical reliability (p <0.01) increase the risk of secondary cataract development by 1.4 times.Conclusions. Taking into account the revealed clinical risk factors for the development of secondary cataracts, we proposed recommendations for the primary posterior capsulorhexis with a transparent posterior capsule: myopia, diabetes mellitus of both types, initialandimmaturecataracts
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Tarigan, Nanarita. "The Relationship between Knowledge and Anxiety Levels in Preoperative Cataract Surgery Patients at the Eye Clinic, Dr. Rom. Djoelham Binjai 2022." Science Midwifery 10, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 1926–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35335/midwifery.v10i2.584.
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Cataract is a condition of decreased vision due to clouding of the eye lens. If the lens becomes cloudy, then vision also becomes blurred. Cataracts are generally a disease in the elderly around the age of 50 years, or also called art cataracts. Objectives To determine the relationship between knowledge and anxiety levels in preoperative cataract surgery patients at the Eye Polyclinic, RSUD Dr. RM. Djoelham Binjai in 2022. The factors that cause cataracts are age, physical, chemical, predisposing diseases, genetics, and viral infections during fetal growth. There are various factors that cause cataracts, including: The results showed that out of 30 respondents, the majority of patients were anxious about pre-cataract surgery, amounting to 18 people and a minority of patients not being anxious about pre-cataract surgery, amounting to 12 people.Based on the results of the chi square test, the relationship between knowledge and anxiety levels in preoperative cataract surgery patients at the Eye Polyclinic of RSUD Dr. RM. Djoelham Binjai in 2022 with a degree of significance (α) = 0.05 and df = 1, the calculation results are Sig (2-tailed) 0.025 < (α) = 0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted
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SAFFEI, NUR SYAWANI, WAN NUR AMIRAH IBRAHIM, and PUI JUAN WOI. "AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF AWARENESS ABOUT CATARACTS AND VISUAL IMPAIRMENT AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS." JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT 18, no. 6 (June 30, 2023): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2023.06.010.
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Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. This study aimed to assess and compare the awareness levels about cataracts leading to visual impairment between health sciences and non-health sciences university students. A comparative cross-sectional study design was conducted on 432 participants aged 19 to 27 (mean 22.75 ± 1.90), with an equal number of 216 participants from health sciences and non-health sciences students. The data was collected using a questionnaire through an online platform (Google Form). Most respondents (81.5%) had heard about cataracts and knew that cataract incidence increases with age. Most respondents (72.2%) were aware that radiation risks cataracts. 20.1% of the respondents did not aware that cataract surgery is free in government hospitals for certain circumstances. Cataract awareness was statistically higher among health sciences students (1.73 ± 0.13) compared to non-health sciences students (1.52 ± 0.16), t(430) = 13.68, p = 0.001. More than half of the respondents were aware of cataracts and their risk factors, but some still did not know about government hospitals’ free cataract surgery service. High awareness among university students will undoubtedly benefit them and raise awareness of those around them, including their families.
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Meidina Rahmah and Alie Solahuddin. "The Relationship Between Immunoglobulin E Serum Levels And Age-Related Cataract." Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology 2, no. 2 (June 19, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjo.v2i2.35.
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ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the relationship of serum IgE levels and age-related cataract at the Special Eye Hospital in Palembang.
Methods: An observational study with cross-sectional design study was undertaken in October 2018 to May 2019 at the Special Eye Hospital in Palembang. There were 86 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The independent variable in this study is the level of serum immunoglobulin E and the dependent variable is senile cataract. The data analysis has been done with diagnostic research by SPSS version 20.0 (SPSS, Inc Chicago, Illinois).
Results: Thirty five people suffered from senile cataracts and fifty one people did not suffer from cataracts. The mean IgE level in senile cataract patients was 5.129 ± 1.588 ng /mL while in patients without cataracts it was 5.001 ± 1.564 ng/mL. There was no difference in IgE levels between senile cataract patients and patients without cataracts (p = 0.891). With statistical analysis using the ROC curve it was found that the IgE concentration cut off point was 5.046 ng/mL. There were 54.3% of senile cataract patients and 51% of patients without cataracts who had IgE levels > 5.046 ng/mL. Patients with IgE levels > 5.046 had an almost equal risk of senile cataracts compared to patients with IgE levels <5.046 (PR = 1.142 (CI95% 0.482 - 2.705; p = 0.935).
Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between IgE levels and the incidence of senile cataracts.
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J S, Sreevidhya. "Cataract and Homoeopathy: Review Article." International Journal of Research and Review 10, no. 6 (June 9, 2023): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230631.
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Crystallin proteins in the lens partially unfurl and clump to cause age-related cataracts. Medical professionals and conventional healers have studied pharmacological cataract treatment for hundreds of years. Surgery is the only viable treatment at the moment. However, numerous homoeopathic and complementary treatments have been advocated as cataract treatments. This article explores homoeopathic treatments that are allegedly effective in treating cataract while also reviewing the state of knowledge regarding cataract. Keywords: Homoeopathy, Eye, Cataract, Symptomatic.
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van der Woerdt, Alexandra, David A. Wilkie, and C. Wendy Myer. "Ultrasonographic abnormalities in the eyes of dogs with cataracts: 147 cases (1986–1992)." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 203, no. 6 (September 15, 1993): 838–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1993.203.06.0838.
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Summary Records of 147 dogs with cataracts and that had an ultrasonographic examination of their eyes were reviewed. Ultrasonography was performed, using a real-time mechanical sector scanner (7.5 or 10.0 MHz transducer), after topical anesthesia of the cornea. Vitreous degeneration was diagnosed in 23% of the eyes examined. Retinal detachment was detected in 11% of all eyes, but was detected in 4% of eyes with immature cataracts, 6.5% of eyes with mature cataracts, and 19% of eyes with hypermature cataracts. In 66% of the eyes, the cataract was the only ultrasonographic abnormality found. Vitreous degeneration and retinal detachment were most often observed in eyes with a hypermature cataract, and were uncommon in eyes with an immature cataract. We concluded that ultrasonographic examination can detect abnormalities of the posterior segment when opacity of the anterior segment precludes complete ophthalmoscopic examination and that it is a quick and easy procedure for screening dogs for retinal detachment prior to cataract surgery.
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Dandekar, Prajakta, and Sunita Chaurasia. "Developmental cataract in congenital ichthyosis." BMJ Case Reports 16, no. 2 (February 2023): e248550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-248550.
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A teenage boy who was previously diagnosed to have congenital ichthyosis presented to the eye clinic with complaints of gradually decreasing vision in both eyes since childhood. The best-corrected distance visual acuity was 20/125 in the right eye and 20/40 in the left eye. Clinical examination revealed developmental cataracts in both eyes. He underwent cataract surgery in the right eye and visual acuity improved to 20/25. Hence, we conclude that congenital ichthyosis can be associated with developmental cataracts. Cataract surgery helps in restoring vision in those with visually significant cataracts.
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Lai, Chi-Ju, Ping-Feng Pai, Marvin Marvin, Hsiao-Han Hung, Si-Han Wang, and Din-Nan Chen. "The Use of Convolutional Neural Networks and Digital Camera Images in Cataract Detection." Electronics 11, no. 6 (March 11, 2022): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11060887.
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Cataract is one of the major causes of blindness in the world. Its early detection and treatment could greatly reduce the risk of deterioration and blindness. Instruments commonly used to detect cataracts are slit lamps and fundus cameras, which are highly expensive and require domain knowledge. Thus, the problem is that the lack of professional ophthalmologists could result in the delay of cataract detection, where medical treatment is inevitable. Therefore, this study aimed to design a convolutional neural network (CNN) with digital camera images (CNNDCI) system to detect cataracts efficiently and effectively. The designed CNNDCI system can perform the cataract identification process accurately in a user-friendly manner using smartphones to collect digital images. In addition, the existing numerical results provided by the literature were used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed CNNDCI system for cataract detection. Numerical results revealed that the designed CNNDCI system could identify cataracts effectively with satisfying accuracy. Thus, this study concluded that the presented CNNDCI architecture is a feasible and promising alternative for cataract detection.
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Ahmad, S. S., A. Misra, A. Glenn, and R. C. Temple. "Acute unilateral cataract in a postpartum adolescent with poorly-controlled type 1 diabetes." Obstetric Medicine 2, no. 2 (May 2009): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/om.2009.080040.
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Acute cataract is recognized as a rare complication in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and may be associated with rapid improvement in glycaemia in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes. Transient cataracts, which resolve following improved metabolic control, and irreversible cataracts requiring surgery have also previously been documented. Development or progression of retinopathy may complicate pregnancy in women with diabetes. To our knowledge, we present the first case report of an acute cataract developing postpartum in a woman with type 1 diabetes. This rare case serves to demonstrate a possible association between acute cataract and altered glycaemic control in pregnancy. Acute cataract should be considered in any woman with diabetes who develops sudden visual loss following pregnancy.
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Yovita and Bambang Setiohadji. "ASSOCIATION ORAL CORTICOSTEROIDS AND LONG-TERM RISK OF CATARACT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS STUDY." Journal of Advanced Research in Medical and Health Science (ISSN 2208-2425) 10, no. 5 (May 17, 2024): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.61841/tpn62p53.
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Background: Cataracts are a significant health concern, particularly in aging populations, impacting vision, mental well-being, and overall quality of life. Corticosteroid use has been linked to cataract development. This study aims to explore the relationship between oral corticosteroid (OCS) exposure and the long-term risk of cataract. Method: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate this association. Relevant studies were identified through comprehensive searches across multiple databases. Data included cataract incidence/prevalence and OCS therapy. Results: A total of 1,270 articles were retrieved from online databases (PubMed, SagePub, SpringerLink and Google Scholar). After three rounds of screening, five articles directly relevant to the systematic review were selected for full-text reading and analysis. These five studies collectively involved 27,250 cases of cataract following oral corticosteroid (OCS) exposure, while 47,267 controls did not develop cataracts. No statistically significant association is found between OCS and cataract formation (OR 0.117, CI 95 0.0085 to 1.6021, p0.11). Conclusion: Cataracts in oral corticosteroid (OCS) users result from abnormal lens cell movement and protein composition changes due to protein adduct formation. Increased OCS dosage and frequency correlate with higher cataract risk. However, evidence quality was deemed low to moderate, highlighting the need for well-designed RCTs to minimize bias and heterogeneity.
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Rabadanova, M. G., J. G. Oganezova, E. V. Kremkova, and M. M. Yakh'yaeva. "Lens disorders in degenerative myopia. Treatment options." Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology 23, no. 4 (2023): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-4-6.
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Cataracts are the leading cause of vision loss in patients over 50 years. In addition to senile cataracts, its earlier development due to various risk factors (for example, degenerative myopia characterized by lens opacity even in low myopia) is also an issue. This article discusses the pathogenesis of cataracts with a focus on oxidative stress, which is also important for myopia progression. The published and authors' data on the association between myopia and cataracts are addressed. The importance of early diagnosis of cataract in patients with myopia at the stage of lens suture compaction and its early radial and meridional opacities (that is possible with maximum mydriasis) is emphasized. Potential complex therapy with anti-cataract drops characterized by antioxidant effect is discussed as a pathogenetic approach to delay cataract progression in patients who (for various reasons) are not suitable for surgery. Recommendations for modifying the lifestyle to prevent cataract development are provided. KEYWORDS: degenerative myopia, myopic cataract, lens, oxidative stress, antioxidants, risk factors, drug treatment, pirenoxine. FOR CITATION: Rabadanova M.G., Oganezova J.G., Kremkova E.V., Yakh'yaeva M.M. Lens disorders in degenerative myopia. Treatment options. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(4):207–212 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-4-6.
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Zafar, Saba, Haris Khurram, Muhammad Kamran, Madeeha Fatima, Aqsa Parvaiz, and Rehan Sadiq Shaikh. "Potential of GJA8 gene variants in predicting age-related cataract: A comparison of supervised machine learning methods." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (August 31, 2023): e0286243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286243.
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Cataracts are the problems associated with the crystallins proteins of the eye lens. Any perturbation in the conformity of these proteins results in a cataract. Age-related cataract is the most common type among all cataracts as it accounts for almost 80% of cases of senile blindness worldwide. This research study was performed to predict the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the GJA8 gene with age-related cataracts in 718 subjects (400 age-related cataract patients and 318 healthy individuals). A comparison of supervised machine learning classification algorithm including logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were presented to predict the age-related cataracts. The results indicated that LR is the best for predicting age-related cataracts. This successfully developed model after accounting different genetic and demographic factors to predict cataracts will help in effective disease management and decision-making medical practitioner and experts.
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Gong, Xiaojian, Qiuyan Zhang, and Shuhua Tan. "Inhibitory Effect of r-Hirudin Variant III on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Cataracts in Rats." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/630651.
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Thein vivoinhibitory effect of r-hirudin variant III (rHV3) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic cataracts in rats was investigated. SD-rats were firstly made diabetic by a single intraperitoneal injection of 2% (W/V) STZ (65 mg/kg). Two weeks later, cataract formation was examined by slit lamp microscope, and the cataracted animals were randomly grouped. The animals in the treated groups received rHV3 drops administration to the eyes with various doses. After 4 weeks treatment, the animals were sacrificed to evaluate the biochemical changes of aldose reductase (AR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the eye lens. Meanwhile, the cataract progression was monitored by slit lamp microscope. As a result, rHV3 drops treatment significantly increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the lens in a dose-dependent manner, whereas AR activity and MDA level in the lens were dramatically decreased. Also, the morphological observation further confirmed the inhibition of the development of STZ-induced diabetic cataracts by the rHV3 drops treatment. Thus, our data suggest that rHV3 drops are pharmacologically effective for the protection against STZ-induced diabetic cataracts in rats.
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Kandaswamy, Dinesh Kumar, Makarla Venkata Sathya Prakash, Jochen Graw, Samuel Koller, István Magyar, Amit Tiwari, Wolfgang Berger, and Sathiyaveedu Thyagarajan Santhiya. "Application of WES towards Molecular Investigation of Congenital Cataracts: Identification of Novel Alleles and Genes in a Hospital-Based Cohort of South India." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 24 (December 16, 2020): 9569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249569.
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Congenital cataracts are the prime cause for irreversible blindness in children. The global incidence of congenital cataract is 2.2–13.6 per 10,000 births, with the highest prevalence in Asia. Nearly half of the congenital cataracts are of familial nature, with a predominant autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Over 38 of the 45 mapped loci for isolated congenital or infantile cataracts have been associated with a mutation in a specific gene. The clinical and genetic heterogeneity of congenital cataracts makes the molecular diagnosis a bit of a complicated task. Hence, whole exome sequencing (WES) was utilized to concurrently screen all known cataract genes and to examine novel candidate factors for a disease-causing mutation in probands from 11 pedigrees affected with familial congenital cataracts. Analysis of the WES data for known cataract genes identified causative mutations in six pedigrees (55%) in PAX6, FYCO1 (two variants), EPHA2, P3H2,TDRD7 and an additional likely causative mutation in a novel gene NCOA6, which represents the first dominant mutation in this gene. This study identifies a novel cataract gene not yet linked to human disease. NCOA6 is a transcriptional coactivator that interacts with nuclear hormone receptors to enhance their transcriptional activator function.
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Nisha, K. "Effect of self-instructional module towards the prevention of cataract among elderly people in India." Bioinformation 19, no. 11 (November 30, 2023): 1051–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300191051.
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The leading cause of blindness in the world is cataracts, which are dangerous and curable with proper eye care. Eye care service is thought to play significant role in prevention. Nonetheless, not much research has been done to gauge older persons' in rural India's level of cataract awareness and how it relates to their use of eye care services. Therefore, in order to prevent cataracts in the elderly, we described a self-instruction model for cataract knowledge and looked into the variations between pre- and post-test self-instruction models. Their demographic characteristics showed that the higher age group female had highest prevalence of cataracts. The study population's understanding of cataracts is incredibly low: only 2% of participants have adequate knowledge, 52% have somewhat adequate information, and 46% have inadequate knowledge. However, after completing the self-instructional module, 54% of participants felt they knew enough to prevent cataracts. The results of the study showed that the self-instructional module was very helpful in helping the senior population learn about cataract prevention. More interventional research with a larger sample size should be carried out to gain a better understanding of cataract prevention in older adults,.
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Soni, Jyotsana, H. Mohan Kumar, and Sana Rasheed. "Series of cases of congenital cataract in the family." IP International Journal of Ocular Oncology and Oculoplasty 7, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): 418–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijooo.2021.088.
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Cataract is one of the main causes of preventable childhood blindness. It can be either hereditary or non-hereditary. Paediatric cataracts are idiopathic in majority of cases. Major challenge in pediatric cataract is to overcome amblyopia. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can result in good visual prognosis.In this case series, we present three siblings having congenital cataract. They presented to our hospital in their mid and late twenties for the cataract surgeries. Detailed examination of these cases were done and many other systemic abnormalities were detected along with ocular findings. Small incision cataract surgery under GVP under GA was done for all three cases.There was no history of congenital cataract in the family. one of the sibling younger brother did not have congenital cataract and other abnormalities. Early diagnosis and treatment avoids long-term adverse sequalae like strabismus and amblyopia. Late presentation, cataract surgery can be done and we can accept visual outcome as shown in these cases. Visual rehabilitation with adequate compliance can have a benefit in improving visual acuity and binocularity.Even though early surgical intervention is mandatory to have adequate visual outcome, nevertheless visual rehabilitation can also be expected in congenital cataracts with late presentation as seen in these cases.
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Kim, Min Seok, Jung Hyoo Moon, Myung Won Lee, and Kwan Hyuk Cho. "Analysis of postoperative intraocular pathologies in patients with mature cataracts." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): e0263352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263352.
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Purpose To examine the prevalence and risk factors of intraocular pathologies after mature cataract surgery. Methods The medical records of 115 patients (115 eyes) diagnosed with brunescent or white cataracts, who underwent surgery at a single primary center between January 2018 and August 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Dense cataracts precluded preoperative fundus examination in all eyes; however, patients with fundus examination results within 3 months after cataract surgery were included. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with intraocular pathologies. Results Intraocular pathologies were observed in 37 eyes (32.2%) 11.8 ± 13.9 days postoperatively. The most common abnormalities were drusen (6.1%), myopic degeneration (5.2%) and diabetic retinopathy (4.3%). Intraocular pathology in the fellow eye was associated with posterior segment pathology in mature cataract eyes (odds ratio, 47.72; P < 0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of each intraocular pathology found after mature cataract surgery was unremarkable. This study provides clinically useful evidence for clinicians to explain the risk of posterior segment pathology in patients with mature cataracts.
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Sariyeva Ismayilov, Ayna, Aynura Sariyeva Aydamirov, and Eren Göktaş. "The effect of cataract surgery on quality of life and sleep in geriatric patient group." Archives of Ophthalmological Research 1, no. 1 (January 29, 2024): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.51271/aor-0002.
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Aim: Investigation of the effects of cataract surgery on quality of life and sleep in geriatric patient group Methods: Ninety four patients who were diagnosed with cataract and operated were included. Preoperative and postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured with the Snellen chart. Cataract types were divided into 3 categories as nuclear, cortical and posterior subcapsular. The VFQ-25 (vision-related quality of life) questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire were administered to the patients before and after the surgery. Results: One hundred thirty-eight eyes of 94 patients were operated. 45.7% of the patients had nuclear, 16% had cortical, 38.3% had posterior subcapsular cataracts. VFQ 25 questionnaire scores increased from 70.70±3.46 (42-89) to 85.65±7.09 (70-97) postoperatively (p<0.001). While the preoperative Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score of the patients was 8.70±2.99 (2-17), it was 6.26±3.19 (1-17) postoperatively (p<0.001). There was a positive correlation between the increase in postoperative visual acuity (?) and the VFQ 25 questionnaire score increase (?) (r=0.891, p=0.000). ?VFQ 25 and ? PSQI values were higher in patients who underwent bilateral cataract surgery, but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.199, p=0.808). ?VFQ 25 after posterior subcapsular cataract surgery was greater than nuclear and cortical type. ? PSQI values were similar in nuclear, posterior subcapsular and cortical cataracts. Conclusion: Geriatric patients with posterior subcapsular cataracts had a higher postoperative vision-dependent quality of life than patients with other cataract types. Cataract surgery has positive effects on sleep quality of geriatric patients, regardless of cataract type and laterality (bilateral/unilateral).
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Rusdy Prasetyo, Akmal, Sussi, and Bagus Aditya. "ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN ALGORITMA SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE (SVM) DAN CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK (CNN) UNTUK SISTEM DETEKSI KATARAK." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin, Elektro dan Komputer 3, no. 1 (March 11, 2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51903/juritek.v3i1.604.
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One of the most vital senses for humans is sight. Humans utilize their eyes to take in visual information that is used for a variety of tasks, but vision problems are prevalent, ranging from minor disorders to serious disorders that can result in blindness. Cataracts are one of the factors contributing to this vision loss. In Indonesia, cataracts alone account for 81 percent of cases of blindness, and 40 percent of those affected don't even realize they have them. A technique for early cataract identification using digital photographs is one way to lower the incidence of cataract-related blindness. We used Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) techniques to create a cataract detection system. These two techniques are used to categorize normal eye classes, immature cataracts, and mature cataracts. A digital image that has been downsized to 64x64 pixels in Joint Photographic Group (JPG) format that was taken from earlier study serves as the input data. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) methods used in the cataract detection process provide optimal results. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) method itself produces an accuracy value of 96.67%, while the Convolutional Neural Network method produces a better accuracy value of 98.89%.
Keywords: Cataract, Digital Image, Machine Learning, Support Vector Machine, Convolutional Neural Network
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Wang, Shan, Zijing Du, Chunran Lai, Ishith Seth, Yaxin Wang, Yu Huang, Ying Fang, et al. "The association between cataract surgery and mental health in older adults: a review." International Journal of Surgery 110, no. 4 (January 17, 2024): 2300–2312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/js9.0000000000001105.
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Background: Although cataract surgery has been proposed as a potentially modifiable protective factor for enhancing emotional well-being in cataract patients, studies examining the relationship between anxiety or depression and cataract surgery have yielded inconsistent findings. This review summarizes existing evidence to establish whether cataract surgery is associated with depression and anxiety in older adults. Methods: A literature search was conducted across PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases. An initial screening by abstracts and titles was performed, followed by a review and assessment of the methodological quality of the relevant full papers, and final inclusion of 44 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in this review. Results: Among 44 included studies, 36 studies (81.8%) were observational studies concerning the association of cataract surgery or cataracts with anxiety or depression, four studies (9.1%) were interventional studies, and four studies (9.1%) were reviews. Cataract surgery notably enhances the mental health of individuals with impaired vision. However, the multifaceted nature of psychological well-being, influenced by various factors, suggests that cataract surgery may not address all aspects comprehensively. Additionally, preoperative anxiety and depression significantly impact cataract surgery outcomes. Conclusion: Vision impairment in older adults is closely associated with increased symptoms of depression and anxiety. While surgical intervention for cataracts improves these symptoms, it might be less effective for mental disorders with multifactorial causes. Notably, anxiety or depression poses challenges to successful preoperative and intraoperative cataract surgeries.
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Bikbov, М. М., G. Z. Isragilova, and T. R. Gilmanshin. "Surgical Treatment of Age-Related Cataracts: Milestones and Challenges. Literature Review." Ophthalmology in Russia 19, no. 1 (April 6, 2022): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2022-1-15-21.
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Cataract (partial or complete violation of the transparency of the lens) is one of the main causes of low vision and reversible blindness in the world. It is a known fact that at present the only effective way to eliminate the clouding of the lens is its surgical treatment. About 18 million cataract-related surgical interventions are performed annually in the world. This literature review is devoted to studies examining important aspects of surgical treatment for age-related cataracts, such as the number and quality of operations performed on a population scale. The paper presents data on the impact of global trends, local territorial and social characteristics on the number of surgical interventions for cataracts. A review of key indicators of monitoring cataract surgery has been carried out, the main factors affecting the target indicators of the cataract surgery frequency on a regional scale (age structure of the population, normative indications for surgical treatment, threshold values for visual acuity indicating the need for surgical intervention, and the proportion of people in need in surgical treatment of cataracts). The main achievements and aspects of the modern technique of surgical treatment of cataracts are described, which can reduce the time of surgery, use more gentle surgery technology, significantly reduce the number of complications and achieve the highest functional results. This review also details the results of the largest epidemiological studies on the causes of low visual acuity after cataract surgery. Literature data on the prevalence of low visual acuity in different populations are reflected, its higher prevalence in countries where most of the operated cataracts were mature or complicated was revealed, the surgical technique of large incisions and a longer operation time prevailed. It was noted that low vision after cataract surgery is most often associated with the elderly patient, concomitant systemic and ocular pathology, surgical complications, inadequate intraocular correction.
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Ugalahi, Mary Ogbenyi, Bolutife Ayokunnu Olusanya, Olanipekun Olalekan Aremu, and Aderonke Mojisola Baiyeroju. "Outcome of surgery for traumatic cataract in children in a child eye health tertiary facility, Ibadan, Nigeria." Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology 13 (January 2021): 251584142110053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25158414211005308.
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Objective:The objective of this study was to describe the outcome of surgery for traumatic cataract and associated factors in children aged 16 years and below operated in a tertiary facility.Methods:This was a retrospective review of records of children who had surgery for traumatic cataract between August 2015 and August 2019. Information on biodata, preoperative visual acuity, surgical methods, complications, and postoperative visual acuity were retrieved. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0.Results:Traumatic cataract accounted for 87 (14.7%) of 593 eyes operated for childhood cataract during the period. Of these, a total of 79 records were available for review. There were 56 (70.9%) males with a mean age of 10.11 (±3.39) years. All injuries were unilateral; closed globe injuries accounted for 70 (88.8%) of the cataracts and the left eye was affected in 42 (53.2%) patients. Fifty-two (67.09%) eyes had other ocular injuries apart from cataracts. The morphology of the cataract was membranous in 44 (55.7%) eyes, and 76 (96.2%) eyes had cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation; 39 (51.3%) of these IOLs were implanted within the capsular bag. The preoperative best corrected visual acuity was worse than 6/18 in all 79 (100%) eyes and improved to 6/18 or better in 32 (40.5%) eyes at 3 months postoperatively.Conclusion:Traumatic cataract accounted for less than a quarter of all childhood cataracts in our center. Majority of the eyes had successful IOLs implantation during surgery, and the best corrected visual acuity improved in a moderate proportion of these patients.
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Naz, Shagufta, Nimrah Fiaz Sandhu, Eesha Sajjad, Saima Sharif, and Iram Arshad. "Prevalence of Congenital Cataract and Lens Extraction in Lahore Population." Lahore Garrison University Journal of Life Sciences 6, no. 03 (September 15, 2022): 216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/lgujls.2022.0603224.
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Congenital cataracts account for one-third of infant blindness globally and are one of the leading cause of vision loss in children. A retrospective study was performed between October 2020 and April 2021 on congenital cataract patients of Lahore visited ophthalmologic consultation at the Al Ehsaan eye hospital, General Hospital and Mayo hospital. The purpose of the study was to find the prevalence of congenital cataract in children. About 100 cases of congenital cataract including both male and female children were identified from age group of 1-13years. Congenital cataract was diagnosed using Snellen’s visual acuity test, ophthalmoscope and slit lamp test. Male children showed greater prevalence of congenital cataract as compared to female children. The prevalence of congenital cataract in male children was 55% (n=55) while among female children, it was 45% (n=45). Both conditions of unilateral and bilateral congenital cataract were observed with incidence of 46% (n=46) and 54% (n=54) in male and female children respectively. Lens extraction was also done in 94% (n=94) and after surgery 55% (n=52) patients showed positive response and 45% (n=42) patient had negative response for light perception. Moreover, most patients of congenital cataracts were of less than 1 year of age group. It was concluded congenital cataract may lead to childhood blindness if not treated on time.
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Lee, Sangyun, Soyeon Lee, Myeonghyeon Jeong, Sunwoo Jung, Myoungjin Lee, and Sunyong Yoo. "The Relationship between Nutrient Intake and Cataracts in the Older Adult Population of Korea." Nutrients 14, no. 23 (November 23, 2022): 4962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14234962.
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Cataracts are a prevalent ophthalmic disease worldwide, and research on the risk factors for cataracts occurrence is actively being conducted. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nutrient intake and cataracts in the older adult population in Korea. We analyzed data from Korean adults over the age of 60 years (cataract: 2137, non-cataract: 3497) using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We performed univariate simple and multiple logistic regressions, adjusting for socio-demographic, medical history, and lifestyle, to identify the associations between nutrient intake and cataracts. A higher intake of vitamin B1 in the male group was associated with a lower incidence of cataracts. A lower intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin A, and a higher intake of vitamin B2 in the female group were associated with a higher incidence of cataracts. Our study demonstrated that polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin A, and vitamin B2 could affect the incidence of cataracts according to sex. The findings could be used to control nutrient intake for cataract prevention.