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Journal articles on the topic 'Catalytic reforming'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 August 2024

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1

Nasution, A. S. "CATALYTIC REFORMING OF PURE HYDROCARBONS AND NAPHTHA USING MONO AND BI-METALLIC REFORMING CATALYSTS." Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 11, no. 1 (April 13, 2022): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.11.1.1146.

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The catalytic role of mono and bi-metallic of reforming catalysts is studied for the conversion of pure hydrocarbons: Le n, hexane, n. heptane, n, octane, methylcyclopentanę, cyclohexane and nephtha in the reformning reaction

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2

KALDYGOZOV, Ye К., V. M. KAPUSTIN, G. M. IZTLEUOV, B. A. ABDIKERIMOV, and Ye S. TLEUBAEVA. "CATALYTIC REFORMING OF GASOLINE FRACTION OIL MIXTURES OF THE SOUTHERN REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN." Neft i gaz 2, no. 116 (April 15, 2020): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.37878/2708-0080/2020.006.

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This article discusses the results of a study of the process of catalytic reforming of straight-run gasoline obtained from a mixture of oil from a field located in the southern region of Kazakhstan. The individual and group hydrocarbon composition of the initial hydrotreated gasoline and reformate was studied in order to establish the degree of conversion of hydrocarbons at different stages of catalytic reforming. The qualitative characteristics of the catalysis of gasoline reforming obtained at different stages of the process allows us to establish the chemistry and reaction mechanism and the laws of the chemical degree of conversion of individual hydrocarbon groups during all stages of catalytic reforming. As a result of studying the process of catalytic reforming of straight-run gasoline fractions НЕФТЕХИМИЯ НЕФТЬ И ГАЗ 2020. 2 (116) 103 О 2 (85–180°С), a chemistry and a reaction mechanism are established that are based on the following reactions: dehydrocyclization of paraffin hydrocarbons, dehydrogenation and dehydroisomerization of naphthenic, isomerization of naphthenic and paraffin hydrocarbons. Comparison of the physicochemical properties and group hydrocarbon composition of the hydrogenate and reforming products shows that the amount of n-paraffin and naphthenic hydrocarbons after catalytic reforming is reduced by 3–4times than in the originalgasoline, and the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons is significantly increased due to the cyclane dehydrogenation reaction and dehydrocyclization of normal paraffins. Set forth in article information on changing the group and individual hydrocarbon composition of gasoline in various stages of the catalytic reforming process, can serve as a basis for optimal control of technological process of catalytic reforming and is a priority in the production of highquality grades of motor fuel and petrochemical development in the processing of local oil and gas Republic of Kazakhstan.

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3

Saad, M. A., N. H. Abdurahman, Rosli Mohd Yunus, Mohammed Kamil, and Omar I. Awad. "An Overview of Reforming Technologies and the Effect of Parameters on the Catalytic Performance of Mesoporous Silica/Alumina Supported Nickel Catalysts for Syngas Production by Methane Dry Reforming." Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) 13, no. 4 (June 2, 2020): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2405520413666200313130420.

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Synthetic gas - a combination of (H2) and (CO) - is an important chemical intermediate for the production of liquid hydrocarbon, olefin, gasoline, and other valuable chemicals. Several reforming methods that use steam, carbon dioxide, and oxygen in the presence of various catalytic systems have been extensively investigated, and this paper reviews the recent research on the state-of-the-art of reforming technologies and the effect of parameters on the catalytic activity of mesoporous silica/alumina supported nickel catalysts for syngas production by methane dry reforming. First, we provide an overview of reforming technologies, including methane dry reforming, steam methane reforming, partial oxidation of CH4, and auto thermal reforming of CH4. Then, we review the literature on dry reforming catalysts. Next, we describe recent findings on the effect of parameters on the catalytic activity of mesoporous silica/alumina supported nickel catalysts for syngas production. Finally, we make proposals for future research. This study can help achieve a better understanding of the reforming technologies and the effects of parameters on catalytic performance for syngas production, thus contributing to the development of green technologies.

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4

Qing, Shaojun, Xiaoning Hou, Yajie Liu, Lindong Li, Xiang Wang, Zhixian Gao, and Weibin Fan. "Strategic use of CuAlO2 as a sustained release catalyst for production of hydrogen from methanol steam reforming." Chemical Communications 54, no. 86 (2018): 12242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc06600k.

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5

Aboul-Gheit, Ahmed, and Salwa Ghoneim. "Catalysis in the Petroleum Naphtha Catalytic Reforming Process." Recent Patents on Chemical Engineeringe 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2008): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211334710801020113.

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6

Aboul-Gheit, Ahmed K., and Salwa A. W. Ghoneim. "Catalysis in the Petroleum Naphtha Catalytic Reforming Process." Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering 1, no. 2 (January 9, 2010): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874478810801020113.

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7

O'Malley, Alexander J., Stewart F. Parker, and C. Richard A. Catlow. "Neutron spectroscopy as a tool in catalytic science." Chemical Communications 53, no. 90 (2017): 12164–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc05982e.

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The unique power of neutron spectroscopy to probe molecular behaviour in catalytic systems is illustrated. Vibrational spectroscopy and quasielastic scattering techniques are introduced, along with their use in probing methanol-to-hydrocarbons and methane reforming catalysis, and also hydrocarbon behaviour in microporous catalysts.

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8

Sivasangar, S., and Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap. "The Effect of CeO₂ and Fe₂O₃ Dopants on Ni/ Alumina Based Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane to Hydrogen." Advanced Materials Research 364 (October 2011): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.364.519.

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Methane reforming is the most feasible techniques to produce hydrogen for commercial usage. Hence, dry reforming is the environment friendly method that uses green house gases such as CO2and methane to produce fuel gas. Catalysts play a vital role in methane conversion by enhancing the reforming process. In this study Ni/γ-Al2O3was selected as based catalyst and CeO2and Fe2O3dopants were added to investigate their effect on catalytic activity in dry reforming. The catalysts synthesized through wet impregnation method and characterized by using XRD, TEM and SEM-EDX. The catalytic tests were carried out using temperature programmed reaction (TPRn) and the products were detected by using an online mass spectrometer. The results revealed that these dopants significantly affect the catalytic activity and selectivity of the catalyst during reaction. Hence, Fe2O3doped catalyst shows higher hydrogen production with stable catalytic activity.

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9

Wu, Qiong, Chenghua Xu, Yuhao Zheng, Jie Liu, Zhiyong Deng, and Jianying Liu. "Steam Reforming of Chloroform-Ethyl Acetate Mixture to Syngas over Ni-Cu Based Catalysts." Catalysts 11, no. 7 (July 8, 2021): 826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11070826.

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NiCuMoLaAl mixed oxide catalysts are prepared and applied in the steam reforming of chloroform-ethyl acetate (CHCl3-EA) mixture to syngas in the present work. The pre-introduction of Cl- ions using chloride salts as modifiers aims to improve the chlorine poisoning resistance. Catalytic tests show that KCl modification is obviously advantageous to increase the catalytic life. The destruction of catalyst structure induced by in situ produced HCl and carbon deposits that occurred on acidic sites are two key points for deactivation of reforming catalysts. The presence of Cl− ions gives rise to the formation of an Ni-Cu alloy, which exhibits a synergetic effect on catalyzing reforming along with metallic Ni crystals formed from excess nickel species, and giving an excellent catalytic stability. Less CHCl3 and more steam can also increase the catalytic stable time of KCl-modified NiCuMoLaAl reforming catalyst.

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10

Machado, Marina, Francisco Tabuti, Fernando Piazzolla, Tamara Moraes, Ricardo Abe, Rafael Mariz Guimarães, Yohei Miura, Yosuke Fukuyama, and Fabio Coral Fonseca. "Steam Reforming Catalytic Layer on Anode-Supported and Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for Direct Ethanol Operation." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (May 19, 2023): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.0301ecst.

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A catalyst based on lanthanum chromite with exsolved metallic ruthenium nanoparticles (LaCrO3-Ru) was applied as a catalytic layer for internal ethanol steam reforming of anode-supported and metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells. The metal support exhibits limited catalytic properties for the ethanol steam reforming reaction. Thus, the LaCrO3-Ru catalysts were optimized for operating temperatures in the 600-700 °C range to promote stable ethanol reforming. The catalytic layer had no significant impact on the electrochemical properties of the fuel cell, and samples with and without the catalytic layer exhibited similar performance in hydrogen. Initial durability tests with LaCrO3-Ru layer have shown that the catalytic layer plays a crucial role in the stability of the metal-supported fuel cell under ethanol.

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11

Bromberg, L. "Plasma catalytic reforming of methane." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 24, no. 12 (December 1999): 1131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3199(98)00178-5.

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12

Sharikov, Yu V., and P. A. Petrov. "Universal model for catalytic reforming." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 43, no. 9-10 (September 2007): 580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10556-007-0103-z.

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13

Prokopyuk, S. G., M. I. Akhmetshin, V. A. Malafeev, and T. N. Lanina. "Intensification of catalytic reforming process." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 24, no. 6 (June 1988): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00725594.

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14

Pajak, Marcin, Grzegorz Brus, Shinji Kimijima, and Janusz S. Szmyd. "Enhancing Hydrogen Production from Biogas through Catalyst Rearrangements." Energies 16, no. 10 (May 12, 2023): 4058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16104058.

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Recent trends in hydrogen production include using renewable energy sources, e.g., biogas as feedstocks for steam reforming. Crucial to the field is minimizing existing reforming reactors for their applications to fuel cell systems. Here, we present a novel design of a steam reforming reactor for an efficient biogas conversion to hydrogen. The design includes a radial division of the catalytic insert into individual segments and substituting parts of the catalytic material with metallic foam. The segment configuration is optimized using a genetic algorithm to maximize the efficiency of the reactor. Changes in the catalytic insert design influence the thermal conditions inside the reactor, leading to moderation of the reaction rate. This article presents a promising approach to producing hydrogen from renewable sources via steam reforming. A significant enhancement in the reforming process effectiveness is achieved with a notable decrease in the amount of the catalyst used. The final results demonstrate the capability for acquiring a similar level of biogas conversion with a 41% reduction of the catalytic material applied.

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15

Safiullina, L. F., I. M. Gubaydullin, K. F. Koledina, and R. Z. Zaynullin. "Sensitivity analysis of the mathematical model of catalytic reforming of gasoline." Computational Mathematics and Information Technologies 3, no. 2 (2019): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2587-8999-2019-2-2-43-53.

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16

Park, Yeongsu, Tomoaki Namioka, Kunio Yoshikawa, Seonah Roh, and Woohyun Kim. "213 Catalytic Reforming of Model Compounds of Pyrolysis Tars(International session)." Proceedings of the Symposium on Environmental Engineering 2008.18 (2008): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeenv.2008.18.209.

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17

Yuan, B., Z. Sun, Y. X. Zhou, M. W. Zhao, A. Wang, and Y. T. Peng. "Preparation and performance evaluation of hydrogen-producing catalysts for diesel reforming." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2689, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2689/1/012012.

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Abstract Ru/Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by standard impregnation method. The catalytic reforming performance of Ru/Al2O3 and commercial high nickel/low nickel catalysts on commercial No.0 diesel oil was studied. The regeneration method of carbon-deposited catalyst was also discussed. The results show that commercial low nickel catalyst has poor catalytic activity and stability for diesel, and increasing the water-carbon ratio can slightly improve the conversion rate of diesel. Increasing the reforming reaction temperature and adding methanol additives can effectively improve the catalytic activity of commercial high nickel catalysts. Ru/Al2O3 is a potential catalyst for diesel reforming, reducing the reforming reaction temperature can effectively prevent the catalyst from high temperature hydrolysis deactivation. Hydrogen peroxide has a good regeneration effect on Ru/Al2O3 catalyst.

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18

Yu, Jie, José A. Odriozola, and Tomas R. Reina. "Dry Reforming of Ethanol and Glycerol: Mini-Review." Catalysts 9, no. 12 (December 2, 2019): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9121015.

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Dry reforming of ethanol and glycerol using CO2 are promising technologies for H2 production while mitigating CO2 emission. Current studies mainly focused on steam reforming technology, while dry reforming has been typically less studied. Nevertheless, the urgent problem of CO2 emissions directly linked to global warming has sparked a renewed interest on the catalysis community to pursue dry reforming routes. Indeed, dry reforming represents a straightforward route to utilize CO2 while producing added value products such as syngas or hydrogen. In the absence of catalysts, the direct decomposition for H2 production is less efficient. In this mini-review, ethanol and glycerol dry reforming processes have been discussed including their mechanistic aspects and strategies for catalysts successful design. The effect of support and promoters is addressed for better elucidating the catalytic mechanism of dry reforming of ethanol and glycerol. Activity and stability of state-of-the-art catalysts are comprehensively discussed in this review along with challenges and future opportunities to further develop the dry reforming routes as viable CO2 utilization alternatives.

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19

Dzhambekov, Azamat Matifulaevich. "Control of continuous technological processes in oil refining by the example of catalytic reforming under uncertainty." Oil and gas technologies and environmental safety 2024, no. 1 (March 1, 2024): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/1812-9498-2024-1-34-43.

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Using the example of catalytic reforming, a scientific description of the task of managing continuous techno-logical processes in oil refining under uncertainty has been performed and an appropriate management approach has been developed. It is proposed to take into account the influence of disturbances in the systems of automatic control of parameters (temperature, level, flow and pressure) in the unit for stabilizing the catalysate in the catalytic reforming unit. These parameters are important characteristics of the catalysate stabilization unit, whose indicators characterize the quality of functioning of the entire catalytic reforming complex. The problem of control for continuous technological processes in oil refining is solved using the example of catalytic reforming under uncertainty by solving the following tasks: development of a procedure and selection of methods for optimizing these processes; development of optimization algorithms for these processes; application of an optimization algorithm for these processes in order to calculate optimal control values; ensuring the stability of automatic control systems (stabilization) of the parameters of these processes. The management of these processes consists in finding optimal controls that contribute to achieving a minimum of a single criterion of op-timality, taking into account disturbances and constraints. The development of a control system for catalytic reforming provides a more efficient control option for catalytic reforming with the most important positive effects: a decrease in the average annual organizational costs for the technological process by 86.74 million rubles. with no increase in the octane number for gasoline produced, an increase in the average octane number for gasoline produced by 1.1 with no decrease in the amount of organizational costs for the technological process.

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20

Nedybaliuk, O. A., I. Fedirchyk, V. Chernyak, T. Tereshchenko, O. Tsymbaliuk, V. Demchina, M. Bogaenko, and V. Popkov. "Hybrid Plasma-Catalytic Reforming of Ethanol into Synthesis Gas: Experiment and Modeling." Plasma Physics and Technology Journal 6, no. 3 (November 29, 2019): 270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ppt.2019.3.270.

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Understanding of the plasma-assisted reforming of hydrocarbons requires a combined application of the experimental studies of reforming systems and the kinetics modeling of reforming processes. Experiments were conducted on a system with a wide-aperture rotating gliding discharge with atmospheric air used as a plasma gas. Reforming parameters essential for the kinetics modelling of the reforming process were obtained. The influence of water addition method on the product composition of plasma-catalytic ethanol reforming was investigated.

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21

Hua, Wei, Yong Chuan Dai, and Hong Tao Jiang. "Noble Metal Catalysts for Methane Reforming in Material Application Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 648 (January 2013): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.648.83.

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Reforming of methane is an important route to produce sygas. In this paper, recent progresses of noble metals (Rh, Ru, Ir, Pt, Pd) catalysts for methane reforming in material application engineering is reviewed. The discussion mainly focuses on catalytic performance of noble metal catalysts or noble metal promoted Ni catalysts in methane reforming reaction. Effects of noble metals, supports and preparation methods on the catalytic activity, selectivity, coke deposition and stability of catalysts have been briefly summarized. In conclusion, Rh as active component, Pd as material for membrane reactor, Pt or Rh as promoters for Ni catalysts, all gave high CH4 conversion, improving catalytic performance.

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22

Shakir, Issam M. A., and Zaineb F. Falah. "Novel Study of Surface Morphological Properties of Commercial Catalytic Reforming Catalysts Used in Iraqi Refineries by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)." Key Engineering Materials 938 (December 26, 2022): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-sr013c.

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Catalytic reforming is one of the most significant processes in the field of petroleum refineries and catalysts as they are considered as the heart of these processes .this paper presents the utilization of Atomic scale microscopy (AFM) to investigate the morphological and the surface properties of two catalytic reforming catalysts that are used in Iraqi refineries (RG582 & PR9). This paper provides a new insight into the study of catalysts since reaction routs significantly rely upon the used catalysts and their basic properties such as morphology, topography, roughness, growth regime and grain size. Keywords: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), catalytic reforming catalysts (CRC), surface properties.

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23

Lv, Tong, and Rui Wang. "Materials Enabling Methane and Toluene Gas Treatment." Materials 17, no. 2 (January 7, 2024): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17020301.

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This paper summarizes the latest research results on materials for the treatment of methane, an important greenhouse gas, and toluene, a volatile organic compound gas, as well as the utilization of these resources over the past two years. These materials include adsorption materials, catalytic oxidation materials, hydrogen-reforming catalytic materials and non-oxidative coupling catalytic materials for methane, and adsorption materials, catalytic oxidation materials, chemical cycle reforming catalytic materials, and degradation catalytic materials for toluene. This paper provides a comprehensive review of these research results from a general point of view and provides an outlook on the treatment of these two gases and materials for resource utilization.

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24

Machado, Marina, Francisco Tabuti, Fernando Piazzolla, Tamara Moraes, Ricardo Abe, Rafael Mariz Guimarães, Yohei Miura, Yosuke Fukuyama, and Fabio Coral Fonseca. "Steam Reforming Catalytic Layer on Anode-Supported and Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for Direct Ethanol Operation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 54 (August 28, 2023): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-015443mtgabs.

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A catalyst based on lanthanum chromite with exsolved metallic ruthenium nanoparticles (LaCrO3-Ru) was applied as a catalytic layer for internal ethanol steam reforming of anode-supported and metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells. Both the cermet anode and the metal supports exhibit limited catalytic properties for the ethanol steam reforming reaction. Thus, the LaCrO3-Ru catalysts were optimized for operating temperatures in the 600-700 °C range to promote stable ethanol reforming. The microstructure of the deposited catalytic layer was controlled using pore formers with low burnout temperature, and sintering of the catalytic layer was done in situ during cathode sintering of the metal-supported fuel cell. The performance of the fuel cells was evaluated at 700 °C under hydrogen, anhydrous ethanol, and water/ethanol mixtures. The LaCrO3-Ru catalytic layer had no significant impact on the electrochemical properties of the fuel cells, and samples with the catalytic layer or without it exhibited similar performance in hydrogen. Nonetheless, initial durability tests have shown that the catalytic layer plays a crucial role in the stability of both the anode and the metal-supported fuel cells under ethanol.

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25

Pajak, M., G. Brus, S. Kimijima, and J. S. Szmyd. "Numerical analysis of transport phenomena in a steam reforming reactor with optimal multi-segments catalyst distribution." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2766, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 012040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2766/1/012040.

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Abstract The contemporary industrial trends pursue alternative energy sources, to substitute fossil fuels. The current direction is induced by concerns regarding exhausting natural resources and the environmental impact of the technologies rising globally. Conventional technologies have a dominant share of the current energy market. The most crucial issue with current technology is the emission of greenhouse gases and their negative impact on climate. One of the possible approaches to limit the issue of emissions is the steam reforming of natural gas, leading to the production of hydrogen. Fuel cells are a robust technology, able to conduct a catalytic conversion of hydrogen and oxygen, for the direct production of electrical energy. Fuel cells are one of the most environment-friendly technologies to this day, as their exhaust gases mostly consist of steam. Currently, almost 50% of the hydrogen produced is acquired via hydrocarbons reforming. The process described in the presented analysis occurs between methane and steam. The presented numerical analysis regards small-scale reactors, which are more suitable when it comes to the processing of distributed or stranded resources for hydrogen production To optimize the small-scale unit’s performance, the macro-patterning strategy is introduced. Steam reforming has a strong endothermic character and tends to produce unfavorable thermal conditions. The process enhancement is acquired by introducing non-catalytic regions to the catalytic insert geometry. The non-catalytic segments are introduced to suppress the reaction locally, decreasing the magnitude of temperature gradients. Unification of the temperature distribution is proven to increase the reforming’s effectiveness. The presented analysis introduces a new approach to the catalytic insert division, to investigate if a complete temperature field unification is possible. The catalytic insert is simultaneously divided along the reactor’s radius and length, resulting in a set of concentric rings, placed along the reactor’s axis. The calculations are conducted using in-house numerical procedure, coupled with a genetic algorithm. The algorithm optimizes the process effectiveness by modification of the segment’s alignment and porosity.

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26

Kappis, Konstantinos, Joan Papavasiliou, and George Avgouropoulos. "Methanol Reforming Processes for Fuel Cell Applications." Energies 14, no. 24 (December 14, 2021): 8442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248442.

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Hydrogen production through methanol reforming processes has been stimulated over the years due to increasing interest in fuel cell technology and clean energy production. Among different types of methanol reforming, the steam reforming of methanol has attracted great interest as reformate gas stream where high concentration of hydrogen is produced with a negligible amount of carbon monoxide. In this review, recent progress of the main reforming processes of methanol towards hydrogen production is summarized. Different catalytic systems are reviewed for the steam reforming of methanol: mainly copper- and group 8–10-based catalysts, highlighting the catalytic key properties, while the promoting effect of the latter group in copper activity and selectivity is also discussed. The effect of different preparation methods, different promoters/stabilizers, and the formation mechanism is analyzed. Moreover, the integration of methanol steam reforming process and the high temperature–polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) for the development of clean energy production is discussed.

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27

Федірчик, І. І., О. А. Недибалюк, В. Я. Черняк, В. А. Бортишевський, and Р. В. Корж. "Plasma-catalytic reforming of organic oils." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University.Series Physics 38 (July 1, 2015): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2415-8038.2015.38.157-163.

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28

Jäger, Nils, Roberto Conti, Johannes Neumann, Andreas Apfelbacher, Robert Daschner, Samir Binder, and Andreas Hornung. "Thermo-Catalytic Reforming of Woody Biomass." Energy & Fuels 30, no. 10 (July 6, 2016): 7923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00911.

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29

Lenz, Bettina, and Thomas Aicher. "Catalytic autothermal reforming of Jet fuel." Journal of Power Sources 149 (September 2005): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.02.010.

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30

Sotelo-Boyás, Rogelio, and Gilbert F. Froment. "Fundamental Kinetic Modeling of Catalytic Reforming." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 48, no. 3 (February 4, 2009): 1107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie800607e.

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31

Nam, In Sik, John W. Eldridge, and James R. Kittrell. "Coke tolerance of catalytic reforming catalysts." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development 24, no. 4 (December 1985): 544–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i300020a011.

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32

Trane, R., S. Dahl, M. S. Skjøth-Rasmussen, and A. D. Jensen. "Catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 37, no. 8 (April 2012): 6447–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.01.023.

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33

Shiojima, Takeo, Hiroaki Endoh, and Shigeru Matsumoto. "Numerical simulation of catalytic reforming process." KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU 14, no. 2 (1988): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.14.141.

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34

Kolbitsch, Philipp, Christoph Pfeifer, and Hermann Hofbauer. "Catalytic steam reforming of model biogas." Fuel 87, no. 6 (May 2008): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2007.06.002.

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35

Casanovas, Albert, Carla de Leitenburg, Alessandro Trovarelli, and Jordi Llorca. "Catalytic monoliths for ethanol steam reforming." Catalysis Today 138, no. 3-4 (November 2008): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2008.05.028.

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36

Ali, Syed A., Mohammed A. Siddiqui, and and Mohammed A. Ali. "Parametric study of catalytic reforming process." Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters 87, no. 1 (December 2005): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11144-006-0001-y.

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37

Bobrova, I. I., N. N. Bobrov, and A. A. Davydov. "Catalytic methane steam reforming: novel results." Catalysis Today 24, no. 3 (June 1995): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-5861(95)00037-g.

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38

Wei, Wei, Craig A. Bennett, Ryuzo Tanaka, Gang Hou, and Michael T. Klein. "Detailed kinetic models for catalytic reforming." Fuel Processing Technology 89, no. 4 (April 2008): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2007.11.014.

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39

Bari-Saddiqui, M. A. "Catalytic naphtha reforming (science and technology)." Applied Catalysis A: General 121, no. 2 (January 1995): N26—N28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0926-860x(95)80075-1.

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40

Simakov, David S. A., Mark M. Wright, Shakeel Ahmed, Esmail M. A. Mokheimer, and Yuriy Román-Leshkov. "Solar thermal catalytic reforming of natural gas: a review on chemistry, catalysis and system design." Catalysis Science & Technology 5, no. 4 (2015): 1991–2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cy01333f.

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Hu, Yun Hang. "(Invited) Thermo-Photo Catalysis for Energy and Environment." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 47 (December 22, 2023): 2311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02472311mtgabs.

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Thermal heterogeneous catalysis based on kinetic energy as driving force was discovered in early 1800s, and photocatalysis using potential energy as driving force was introduced in 1911. Furthermore, catalysis driven by thermal energy generated from photo energy, which is actually thermal catalysis, also has a long research history. However, only in the past decade, we developed the thermo-photo catalysis, in which the synergy of thermal and photo energies drives a catalytic process. This new type of catalysis has been explored for various processes, including (1) water splitting to hydrogen, (2) dry reforming of methane, (3) steam reforming of methane, (4) partial oxidation of methane to value-added organic compounds, and (5) hydrogenation of CO and CO2 to hydrocarbons. These findings will be discussed in this presentation with emphasis on process design and catalyst development.

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Dai, Rui Qi, Ya Zhong Chen, Fang Jin, and Peng Cui. "Hydrogen Production from Ethanol Steam Reforming over Co-Ni/CeO₂ Catalysts Prepared by Coprecipitation." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.729.

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Co/CeO2 catalysts showed good catalytic performances in terms of activity, selectivity and stability for intermediate temperature ethanol steam reforming, while low temperature activity should be improved. Thus, effect of nickel incorporation into Co/CeO2 catalysts for ethanol steam reforming was investigated on the consideration of high activity for CC bond cleavage at low temperature of nickel, while cobalt may improve yield of hydrogen due to the depression of CH4 formation. A series of Co-Ni/CeO2 catalysts were prepared by coprecipitation, characterized by low temperature N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, temperature programmed reduction, and catalytic performance measurement for ethanol steam reforming. The results indicated that 10.0% nickel incorporation into Co/CeO2 resulted in much better catalytic performances, complete conversion of ethanol into C1 species and hydrogen yield about 60.0% at 350°C were obtained. Further increase of nickel content decreased catalytic performance. The high performance of the Co10-Ni10/CeO2 was attributed to enhancement of surface Ce4+ reduction and fine particles of metal.

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Osaki, Toshihiko, and Toshiaki Mori. "The Catalysis of NiO-Al₂O₃ Aerogels for the Methane Reforming by Carbon Dioxide." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 2137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.2137.

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The aerogels of nickel-alumina system have been synthesized from aluminum triisoprppoxide and nickel glycoxide by sol-gel and subsequent supercritical drying, and the catalysis of NiO-Al2O3 aerogels for the methane reforming by carbon dioxide have been examined. The aerogel catalysts showed higher activity for the reforming than the impregnation catalysts prepared by a conventional impregnation method, on the other hand, the carbon deposition was much less significant on the aerogel catalysts than on the impregnation catalysts. By TEM and XRD observations, it was found for aerogel catalysts that fine nickel particles were formed throughout the alumina aerogel support with high dispersion. This resulted in not only higher catalytic reforming activity but also much less coking activity. The suppression of catalyst deactivation during the reforming was ascribed to the retardation of both carbon deposition and sintering of nickel particles on alumina aerogel support.

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Al-Fatesh, Ahmed, Kenit Acharya, Ahmed I. Osman, Ghzzai Almutairi, Anis Hamza Fakeeha, Ahmed Elhag Abasaeed, Yousef A. Al-Baqmaa, and Rawesh Kumar. "Kinetic Study of Zirconia-Alumina-Supported Ni-Fe Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane: Impact of Partial Pressure and Reaction Temperature." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023 (May 11, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8667432.

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A better understanding of the reaction mechanism and kinetics of dry reforming of methane (DRM) remains challenging, necessitating additional research to develop robust catalytic systems with high catalytic performance, low cost, and high stability. Herein, we prepared a zirconia-alumina-supported Ni-Fe catalyst and used it for DRM. Different partial pressures and temperatures are used to test the dry reforming of methane reaction as a detailed kinetic study. The optimal reaction conditions for DRM catalysis are 800°C reaction temperature, 43.42 kPa CO2 partial pressure, and 57.9 kPa CH4 partial pressure. At these optimal reaction conditions, the catalyst shows a 0.436 kPa2 equilibrium constant, a 0.7725 m o l C H 4 /gCat/h rate of CH4 consumption, a 0.00651 m o l C H 4 /m2/h arial rate of CH4 consumption, a 1.6515 m o l H 2 /gCat/h rate of H2 formation, a 1.4386 molCO/gCat/h rate of CO formation. This study’s findings will inspire the cost-effective production of robust catalytic systems and a better understanding of the DRM reaction’s kinetics.

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Tao, Wei, Hong Wei Cheng, Qiu Hua Zhu, Xiong Gang Lu, and Wei Zhong Ding. "Hydrogen Production from Coke Oven Gas by CO₂ Reforming over Mesoporous La₂O₃-ZrO₂ Supported Ni Catalyst." Applied Mechanics and Materials 394 (September 2013): 270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.394.270.

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The CO2 reforming of coke oven gas (COG) for hydrogen production was investigated over mesoporous NiO/La2O3-ZrO2 catalysts. At optimized reaction conditions, the conversions of CH4 and CO2 more than 93%, while a H2 selectivity of 94.7% and a CO selectivity of 98.6% have been achieved at 800 °C. The effect of reaction temperature on the catalytic performance was investigated in detail. The catalysts with appropriate La2O3 content showed better catalytic activity and resistance to coking, which will be promising catalysts in the catalytic dry reforming of COG.

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Nasution, A. S., and E. Jasjfi. "CONVERSION OF NORMAL HEXANE AND METHYLCYCLOPENTANE INTO BENZENE BY USING REFORMING CATALYST." Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 8, no. 1 (April 25, 2022): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.8.1.1164.

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As the significant amount of paraffins and naphthenes in the reforming feedstock, the conversion of these hydrocarbons to aromatic in the catalytic reforming process thus plays an important role. An experiment has been carried out to study the reaction rate of normal hexane and methylcyclopentane into benzene by using reforming catalyst

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Remón, J., L. García, and J. Arauzo. "Cheese whey management by catalytic steam reforming and aqueous phase reforming." Fuel Processing Technology 154 (December 2016): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2016.08.012.

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Ametova, D. M. "Hich-octane gasoline production processes using catalysts containing platinum." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Chemistry. Geography. Ecology Series 137, no. 4 (2021): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6771-2021-137-4-16-21.

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The catalytic reforming process is designed to increase the detonation resistance of gasolines and to obtain individual aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly benzene, toluene, xylenes - petrochemical feedstocks. It is important to obtain a cheap hydrogen-containing gas in the process for use in other hydrocatalytic processes. The importance of catalytic reforming processes in oil refining increased significantly in the 1990s. due to the need to produce unleaded high-octane gasoline.

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Ametova, D. M. "Hich-octane gasoline production processes using catalysts containing platinum." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Chemistry. Geography. Ecology Series 137, no. 4 (2021): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6771-2022-137-4-16-21.

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The catalytic reforming process is designed to increase the detonation resistance of gasolines and to obtain individual aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly benzene, toluene, xylenes - petrochemical feedstocks. It is important to obtain a cheap hydrogen-containing gas in the process for use in other hydrocatalytic processes. The importance of catalytic reforming processes in oil refining increased significantly in the 1990s. due to the need to produce unleaded high-octane gasoline.

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de la Rama, S. R., S. Kawai, H. Yamada, and T. Tagawa. "Evaluation of Preoxidized SUS304 as a Catalyst for Hydrocarbon Reforming." ISRN Environmental Chemistry 2013 (September 1, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/289071.

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The feasibility of oxidation pretreated SUS304 alloy tube as a hydrocarbon reforming catalyst was investigated. It was hypothesized that preoxidation resulted in the dispersion of the active component and the formation of mixed metal oxides on the surface of the alloy which consequently rendered the alloy tube catalytically active towards reforming reaction. Oxidation pretreatment was done in O2 at 1000°C for 2 hours followed by a catalytic evaluation at 730°C for 2 hours. Tetradecane was used as a model compound for steam, partial oxidation, and CO2 reforming experiments. According to the collected XRD pattern, α-Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 were formed after oxidation pretreatment. In addition, SEM-EDX analysis showed a very rough surface composed of oxygen, chromium, iron, and nickel. Catalytic evaluation of the sample displayed activity towards partial oxidation and CO2 reforming which led to the conclusion that oxidation pretreated SUS304 alloy tube has a potential as a catalyst for partial oxidation and CO2 reforming of hydrocarbons. However, the varying activity observed suggested that each reforming reaction requires a specific formulation and morphology.

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