Relevant bibliographies by topics / Catalytic performance

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Catalytic performance'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 November 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Catalytic performance"

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Alom, Jahangir, Md Saif Hasan, Md Asaduzaman, Mohammad Taufiq Alam, Dalel Belhaj, Raja Selvaraj, Md Ashraf Hossain, Masoumeh Zargar, and Mohammad Boshir Ahmed. "Catalytical Performance of Heteroatom Doped and Undoped Carbon-Based Materials." Catalysts 13, no. 5 (April 29, 2023): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13050823.

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Developing cost-effective, eco-friendly, efficient, stable, and unique catalytic systems remains a crucial issue in catalysis. Due to their superior physicochemical and electrochemical properties, exceptional structural characteristics, environmental friendliness, economic productivity, minimal energy demand, and abundant supply, a significant amount of research has been devoted to the development of various doped carbon materials as efficient catalysts. In addition, carbon-based materials (CBMs) with specified doping have lately become significant members of the carbon group, showing promise for a broad range of uses (e.g., catalysis, environmental remediation, critical chemical production, and energy conversion and storage). This study will, therefore, pay attention to the function of heteroatom-based doped and undoped CBMs for catalytical applications and discuss the underlying chemistries of catalysis. According to the findings, doping CBMs may greatly improve their catalytic activity, and heteroatom-doped CBMs may be a promising option for further metal doping to attach them to an appropriate place. This paper also covers the potential applications of both doped and undoped CBMs in the future.
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Vogt, Claus Dieter, E. Ohara, M. Brayer, M. Makino, and E. R. Becker. "Predicting catalytic performance." ATZautotechnology 1, no. 4 (July 2001): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03246625.

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Parkinson, Gareth S. "Single-Atom Catalysis: How Structure Influences Catalytic Performance." Catalysis Letters 149, no. 5 (February 25, 2019): 1137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-019-02709-7.

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Sun, Zhengxiang, Rui Wang, Vitaly Edwardovich Matulis, and Korchak Vladimir. "Structure, Synthesis, and Catalytic Performance of Emerging MXene-Based Catalysts." Molecules 29, no. 6 (March 14, 2024): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29061286.

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As traditional fossil fuel energy development faces significant challenges, two-dimensional layered materials have become increasingly popular in various fields and have generated widespread research interest. MXene is an exceptional catalytic material that is typically integrated into functional composite materials with other substances to enhance its catalytic-reaction performance. Improving the thermal stability, electrical conductivity, and electrochemical activity, as well as enhancing the specific surface structure, can make the material an excellent catalyst for photoelectrocatalysis and energy-regeneration reactions. The article mainly outlines the structural characteristics, preparation methods, and applications of MXene in the field of catalysis. This text highlights the latest progress and performance comparison of MXene-based catalytic functional materials in various fields such as electrochemical conversion, photocatalysis, renewable energy, energy storage, and carbon capture and conversion. It also proposes future prospects and discusses the current bottlenecks and challenges in the development of MXene-based catalytic materials.
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Mitra, Suchareeta, Harry W. Jarrett, and Luis A. Jurado. "High-performance catalytic chromatography." Journal of Chromatography A 1076, no. 1-2 (May 2005): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.04.019.

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Nurhadi, Mukhamad, Ratna Kusumawardani, and Hadi Nur. "Negative Effect of Calcination to Catalytic Performance of Coal Char-loaded TiO2 Catalyst in Styrene Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidant." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 13, no. 1 (April 2, 2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.13.1.1171.113-118.

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The research of negative effect of calcination to catalytic performance of coal char-loaded TiO2 catalyst in styrene oxidation with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant has successfully done. The effects of calcination step to catalyst properties were characterized with Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), X-ray Difraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The catalytic performance of the catalysts has been investigated in styrene oxidation with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The catalytic study showed the calcination step influenced to catalytic properties and could decrease the catalytic performance of coal char-loaded TiO2 catalyst in styrene oxidation. Copyright © 2018 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 20th April 2017; Revised: 8th September 2017; Accepted: 8th September 2017; Available online: 22nd January 2018; Published regularly: 2nd April 2018How to Cite: Nurhadi, M., Kusumawardani, R., Nur, H. (2018). Negative Effect of Calcination to Catalytic Performance of Coal Char-loaded TiO2 Catalyst in Styrene Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidant. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 13 (1): 113-118 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.13.1.1171.113-118)
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Cheong, Ying-Wai, Ka-Lun Wong, Boon Seng Ooi, Tau Chuan Ling, Fitri Khoerunnisa, and Eng-Poh Ng. "Effects of Synthesis Parameters on Crystallization Behavior of K-MER Zeolite and Its Morphological Properties on Catalytic Cyanoethylation Reaction." Crystals 10, no. 2 (January 23, 2020): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10020064.

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MER-type zeolite is an interesting microporous material that has been widely used in catalysis and separation. By carefully controlling the synthesis parameters, a procedure to synthesize K-MER zeolite crystals with various morphologies has been developed. The silica, water and mineralizer content in the synthesis gel, as well as crystallization time and temperature, have a profound impact on the crystallization kinetics, resulting in zeolite solids with various degrees of crystallinity, crystal sizes and shapes. K-MER zeolite crystals with nanorod, bullet-like, prismatic and wheatsheaf-like morphologies have been successfully obtained. The catalytic performances of the K-MER zeolites in cyanoethylation of methanol, under novel non-microwave instant heating, have been investigated. The zeolite in nanosize form shows the best catalytic performance (94.1% conversion, 100% selectivity) while the bullet-like zeolite gives poorest catalytic performance (44.2% conversion, 100% selectivity).
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Liu, Yuxi, Guofeng Zhao, Dingsheng Wang, and Yadong Li. "Heterogeneous catalysis for green chemistry based on nanocrystals." National Science Review 2, no. 2 (April 30, 2015): 150–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwv014.

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Abstract Modern society has an ever-increasing demand for environmentally friendly catalytic processes. Catalysis research is working towards a solution through the development of effective heterogeneous catalysts for environment-related applications. Nanotechnologies have provided effective strategies for the preparation of nanocrystals (NCs) with well-defined sizes, shapes and compositions. Precise control of these NCs provides an important foundation for the studies of structure-performance relationships in catalysis, which is critical to the design of NCs with optimized catalytic performances for practical applications. We focus on recent advances in the development of bottom-up strategies to control NCs structures for some key catalytic applications, including CO oxidation, selective oxidation of alcohols, semihydrogenation of alkynes, and selective hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes and nitrobenzene. These key applications have been a popular research focus because of their significance in green chemistry. Herein we also discuss the scientific understandings of the active species and active structures of these systems to gain an insight for rational design of efficient catalytic systems for these catalytic reactions.
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Liu, Yanbiao, Xiang Liu, Shengnan Yang, Fang Li, Chensi Shen, Chunyan Ma, Manhong Huang, and Wolfgang Sand. "Ligand-Free Nano-Au Catalysts on Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Filter for Continuous Flow Catalysis." Nanomaterials 8, no. 9 (September 5, 2018): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8090688.

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In this study, the authors rationally designed a high-performance catalytic filter for continuous flow catalysis. The catalytic filter consisted of ligand-free nanoscale gold (nano-Au) catalysts and nitrogen-doped graphene (N-rGO). The Au catalyst was fabricated in situ onto a pre-formed N-rGO support by the NaBH4 reduction of the Au precursor, and the size of the nano-Au was fine-tuned. A hydrothermal pretreatment of graphene oxide enriched nitrogen-containing species on the surface of two-dimensional graphene supports and enhanced the affinity of Au precursors onto the support via electrocatalytic attraction. The nano-Au catalysts acted as high-performance catalysts, and the N-rGO acted as ideal filter materials to anchor the catalysts. The catalytic activity of the as-designed catalytic filter was evaluated using 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) hydrogenation as a model catalytic reaction. The catalytic filters demonstrated superior catalytic activity and excellent stability, where a complete 4-nitrophenol conversion was readily achieved via a single pass through the catalytic filter. The as-fabricated catalytic filter outperformed the conventional batch reactors due to evidently improved mass transport. Some key operational parameters impacting the catalytic performance were identified and optimized. A similar catalytic performance was also observed for three 4-nitrophenol spiked real water samples (e.g., surface water, tap water, and industrial dyeing wastewater). The excellent catalytic activity of the nano-Au catalysts combined with the two-dimensional and mechanically stable graphene allowed for the rational design of various continuous flow catalytic membranes for potential industrial applications.
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Sang, Chao, and Yunjun Luo. "Effect of Metastable Intermolecular Composites on the Thermal Decomposition of Glycidyl Azide Polymer Energetic Thermoplastic Elastomer." Polymers 16, no. 15 (July 24, 2024): 2107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16152107.

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Glycidyl azide polymer energetic thermoplastic elastomer (GAP-ETPE) has become a research hotspot due to its excellent comprehensive performance. In this paper, metastable intermolecular energetic nanocomposites (MICs) were prepared by a simple and safe method, and the catalytic performance for decomposition of GAP-ETPE was studied. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the MICs exhibited specific crystal formation, which proved that the MICs were successfully prepared. Morphology, surface area, and pore structure analysis showed that the Al/copper ferrite and Al/Fe2O3 MICs had a large specific surface area mesoporous structure. The Al/CuO MICs did not have a mesoporous structure or a large surface area. The structure of MICs led to their different performance for the GAP-ETPE decomposition catalysis. The increase in specific surface area is a benefit of the catalytic performance. Due to the easier formation of complexes, MICs containing Cu have better catalytic performance for GAP-ETPE decomposition than those containing Fe. The conclusions of this study can provide a basis for the adjustment of the catalytic performance of MICs in GAP-ETPE propellants.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Catalytic performance"

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Afshar, Farniya Ali. "Development and performance analysis of autonomous catalytic micropumps." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284892.

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Uno de los principales retos de la ingeniería de nanomotores, además de las dificultades para fabricar objetos nanométricos complejos, es cómo proveerles de energía para que funcionen. La aplicación de campos externos es una forma común y fácil de impulsar motores relativamente grandes. Sin embargo, cuando el tamaño de los motores se hace más pequeño, la transferencia de energia desde la escala macroscópica a la nanoescala se vuelve más problemática. Por lo tanto, el desarrollo de sistemas a nivel de la nanoescala totalmente autónomos que puedan generar su propia energía para poder autopropulsarse es muy deseable. Los sistemas biológicos ofrecen numerosos ejemplos de micro/nano motores autónomos. El punto clave detrás de la eficiente maquinaria biológica es la conversión de energía química en movimiento direccional. Por lo tanto existe un alto interés en crear nuevos motores artificiales que puedan auto-impulsarse y realizar actividades autónomas de forma similar a la impresionante maquinaria molecular de los organismos vivos. Recientemente se ha comenzado una intensa actividad científica en el desarrollo de motores y sistemas de bombeo propulsados químicamente en base a la auto-generación local de gradientes. El presente trabajo de investigación trata sobre el concepto de microsistemas de bombeo catalítico que fue reportado por primera vez en 2005. Un microsistema de bombeo catalítico es un sistema activo que tiene la capacidad de inducir fenómenos electrohidrodinámicos a partir de una reacción (electro)química sobre una micro/nano estructura bimetálica. Aunque los dispositivos catalíticos han sido objeto de investigaciones anteriores en el que sus aplicaciones nanotecnológicas han comenzado a demostrarse, el mecanismo de actuación quimio-mecánica ha sido menos estudiado. Esto es en parte debido a la compleja interrelación que existe entre las reacciones catalíticas y los fenómenos electro-hidrodinámicos. Como consecuencia de ello todavía hay una serie de preguntas sin resolver que requieren mayor investigación para establecer el rol desempeñado por los diferentes procesos y lograr una mejor comprensión del mecanismo detrás de ellos. Por lo tanto, en esta tesis doctoral se ha realizado una caracterización exhaustiva de la actuación quimio-mecánica para entender los principales factores fisicoquímicos que regulan el mecanismo de funcionamiento de microbombas bimetálicas de Au- Pt en presencia de peróxido de hidrógeno como combustible. Las investigaciones han sido solventadas no sólo con resultados experimentales sino también con simulaciones numéricas. Estos estudios fundamentales son relevantes no sólo para estos sistemas de bombeos catalíticos, sino también para micro/nanomotores o nanorobots suspendidos en fluidos o coloides activos autopropulsados. Los estudios se han extendido también a otras estructuras bimetálicas ( Au- Ag , Au- Ru , Au -Rh , Cu - Ag , Cu - Ni, Ni- Ru y Ni- Ag) y a dispositivos semiconductores/metálicos ( Si dopado p / Pt , Si dopado n / Pt) con la idea de evaluar sus potencialidades como sistemas de bombeo catalítico en presencia del mismo combustible químico. En el caso de los sistemas metal/semiconductor su funcionamiento se basa en la fotoactivación de reacciones catalíticas, lo que proporciona un valor añadido a estas bombas y permite el desarrollo de nuevos interruptores foto-electrohidrodinámicos. Estos logros pueden abrir nuevas y prometedoras líneas de investigación en el campo de los actuadores y nanomotores catalíticos. El trabajo de tesis describe también una de las posibles aplicaciones de estos dispositivos activos que está relacionada con el transporte y depósito de materia en lugares específicos de un sustrato guiado por los fenómenos electrohidrodinámicos locales. Eso permite fabricar superficies nanoestructuradas de forma autónoma con un gran impacto nanotecnológico en una amplia gama de campos.
One of the main challenges in the engineering of nanomachines, besides the difficulties to fabricate complex nanometric objects, is how to power them. The application of external fields is a common and easy way to actuate relatively large machines. However, when the size of the machines becomes smaller, the transfer of power from the macroscopic scale to the nanoscale becomes problematic. Therefore, the development of fully autonomous nanoscale systems which can self-generate their required power is very desirable. Biological systems are the source of numerous examples of natural micro/nanoscale autonomous motors. The conversion of chemical energy into directional motion is the key point behind the high efficient nanofactory of biomolecular machines. Therefore there is a high interest to create novel artificial machines which can self-propel and perform autonomous activities in a similar way the impressive molecular machinery does in living organisms. Many research activities have recently focused on chemically powered motors and micropumps based on the local self-generation of gradients. The present research work deals with the catalytic micropump concept which was reported for the first time in 2005. A catalytic micropump is an active system which has the capability of triggering electrohydrodynamic phenomena due to an (electro)chemical reaction taken place on a micro/nano bimetallic structure. Although catalytic devices have been the subject of previous reports in which their nanotechnological applications have started to be demonstrated, the mechanism of the chemo-mechanical actuation has been less studied. That is in part due to the complex interrelation between the catalytic reactions and the electro-hydrodynamic phenomena. As a consequence there is still a number of intriguing questions that require further investigation for establishing the role played by the different processes and for achieving a better understanding of the mechanism behind them. Therefore, the research was focused on the full characterization of the chemomechanical actuation and the understanding of the main physicochemical factors governing the operating mechanism of Au-Pt bimetallic micropumps in presence of hydrogen peroxide fuel. The investigations were supported not only by experimental findings but also by numerical simulations. These fundamental studies are of high importance not only for catalytic micropumps but also for other autonomous micro/nano swimmers or active self-propelled colloids. The studies were also extended to other bimetallic structures (Au-Ag, Au-Ru, Au-Rh, Cu-Ag, Cu-Ni, Ni-Ru and Ni-Ag) and to semiconductor/metallic structures (p-doped Si/Pt, n-doped Si/Pt) to evaluate their potentialities as catalytic micropumps in presence of the same chemical fuel. In the last case photoactivation of the catalytic reactions can be accomplished which provides an added value to these pumps as novel photochemical-electrohydrodynamic switches. These achievements can open new and promising research activities in the field of catalytic actuators and nanomotors. The thesis work also describes one of the potential applications of these active devices which is related to the autonomous material guiding and self-assembly on particular locations of a sample. That allows fabricating nanostructured surfaces in an autonomous way with potential nanotechnological impact in a wide range of fields.
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Chawla, Neha. "The Catalytic Performance of Lithium Oxygen Battery Cathodes." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3810.

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High energy density batteries have garnered much attention in recent years due to their demand in electric vehicles. Lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries are becoming some of the most promising energy storage and conversion technologies due to their ultra-high energy density. They are still in the infancy stage of development and there are many challenges needing to be overcome before their practical commercial application. Some of these challenges include low round-trip efficiency, lower than theoretical capacity, and poor rechargeability. Most of these issued stem from the poor catalytic performance of the cathode that leads to a high overpotential of the battery. In this doctoral work, Li-O2 cathodes containing nanoparticles of palladium were used to alleviate this problem. Cathodes composed of palladium-coated and palladium-filled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared and investigated for their battery performance. The full discharge of batteries showed 6-fold increase in the first discharge of the Pdfilled over the pristine CNTs and 35% increase over their Pd-coated counterparts. The Pd-filled CNTs also exhibited improved cyclability with 58 full cycles of 500 mAh·g-1 at current density of 250 mA·g-1 versus 35 and 43 cycles for pristine and Pd-coated CNTs, respectively. The effect of encapsulating the Pd catalysts inside the CNTs proved to increase the stability of the electrolyte during both discharging and charging. Voltammetry, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and visual inspection of the discharge products using scanning electron microscopy confirmed the increased stability of the electrolyte due catalyst shielding. The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on carbon nanotubes (CNT) cathodes with palladium (Pd) catalyst, Pd-coated CNT and Pd-filled CNT, have been evaluated in an ether-based electrolyte solution to develop a lithium oxygen (Li−O2) battery with a high specific energy. The electrochemical properties of CNT cathodes were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The infrared spectroscopy and SEM are employed to analyze the reaction products adsorbed on the electrode surface of the Li-O2 battery developed using Pd-coated and Pd-filled CNTs as cathode and an ether based electrolyte. vii Studies in this dissertation conclude that the use of nanocatalysts composed of palladium improved the overall performance of the Li-O2 batteries, while shielding these catalysts from direct contact with the electrolyte prolonged the life of the battery by stabilizing the electrolyte.
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Gómez, Sanz Sara. "Exploiting carbon in enhancing the performance of catalytic materials." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708360.

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Berger, Christine, Rainer A. Rakoczy, Roger Gläser, and Jens Weitkamp. "Synthesis and catalytic performance of large zeolite Y crystals." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-196408.

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Berger, Christine, Rainer A. Rakoczy, Roger Gläser, and Jens Weitkamp. "Synthesis and catalytic performance of large zeolite Y crystals." Diffusion fundamentals 2 (2005) 82, S. 1-2, 2005. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14418.

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Gomes, Flores Camila. "Synthesis and catalytic performance of metal-zeolite composite catalysts." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1R010/document.

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Les zéolithes sont des solides cristallins microporeux avec un système de pores réguliers, qui ont trouvé de nombreuses applications dans les procédés industriels tels que le raffinage du pétrole, la synthèse organique, l'adsorption et la séparation. Une très petite taille des pores des zéolithes (~1 nm) impose des limitations diffusionelles pour des nombreuses réactions catalytiques. La performance catalytique des catalyseurs bifonctionnels à base de zéolites peut être améliorée en créant des zéolithes hiérarchisées et en contrôlant la localisation des espèces métalliques. L'imprégnation est une méthode efficace pour la préparation de catalyseurs bifonctionnels à base de cobalt-zéolite pour la production directe de carburants liquides à partir de gaz de synthèse. Dans les catalyseurs préparés par imprégnation, le cobalt occupe les sites cationiques dans les micropores de zéolite, ce qui diminue le nombre de sites acides disponibles pour l'isomérisation et le craquage des hydrocarbures. L'isolement des ions cobalt en sites cationiques réduit la réductibilité du catalyseur, rend difficile d’obtenir l’état métallique et diminue la quantité de sites actifs métalliques disponibles pour la synthèse Fischer Tropsch. Nous avons démontré que la présence des ions Na+ au lieu des ions H+ dans les sites cationiques de zéolite favorise le dépôt de cobalt à la surface externe, alors que les sites acides dans les micropores de la zéolite sont peu affectés. Une autre approche de cette thèse porte sur la synthèse de zéolithes hiérarchisées à plusieurs niveaux de méso- et microporosité en utilisant des agents structurants sacrificiels. Les zéolithes hiérarchisées synthétisées à l'aide de nanotubes de carbone contenant du cobalt présentaient une activité catalytique plus élevée, une sélectivité en méthane plus faible et une sélectivité plus importante en hydrocarbures isomérisés dans la synthèse Fischer-Tropsch. La stratégie de synthèse fondée sur les nanotubes de carbone comme agents structurants a été étendue à d'autres métaux comme le nickel et le magnésium. Cette nouvelle approche à la synthèse de composites métal-zéolite en utilisant des nanotubes de métal-carbone comme agents structurants sacrificiels augmente la mésoporosité et améliore la performance pour l’hydrogénation d’aromatiques et l’acylation d’anisole
Zeolites are microporous crystalline solids with a regular pore system, which have found numerous applications in industrial processes such as oil refining, organic synthesis, adsorption and separation. Very small pore size of zeolites (~1 nm) imposes diffusional limitations for many catalytic reactions. The catalytic performance of metal zeolite bifunctional catalysts can be improved by creating hierarchical zeolites and by controlling localization of metal species within the zeolite crystals. Impregnation is an efficient method for the preparation of bi-functional cobalt-zeolite catalysts for the direct production of liquid fuels from syngas. In the catalysts prepared via impregnation, cobalt occupies the cation exchange positions in the zeolite micropores decreasing the number of acid sites available for hydrocarbon isomerization and cracking. Isolation of cobalt ions in cationic positions reduces catalyst reducibility, makes it difficult to achieve metallic state and decreases the amount available metal active sites for Fischer Tropsch synthesis. We found that the presence of Na+ instead of H+ ions in the exchange positions of the large pore Beta zeolite favored deposition of cobalt on the external surface of the zeolite, while the acid sites in the zeolite micropores were not much affected. The large pore cobalt Beta zeolite catalyst with cobalt species localized on the external surface and high concentration of acid sites in the zeolite crystals has showed enhanced catalytic performance in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis combined with hydrocarbon isomerization. Another approach of this thesis has addressed creating hierarchical zeolites with several levels of meso- and microporosity using sacrificial templates. Hierarchical zeolites synthesized using cobalt containing carbon nanotubes, as sacrificial hard templates exhibited higher catalytic activity, lower methane selectivity and higher selectivity to isomerized hydrocarbons in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The synthesis strategy based on metal carbon nanotubes as sacrificial templates has been extended to other metals such as nickel and magnesium. This new approach to the synthesis of metal-zeolite composite increases the mesoporosity and improves the catalytic performance in hydrogenation of aromatics and anisole acylation
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Medina, Molano Natalia Stefania. "Contribution of radioactivity to catalytic performance in heterogeneous media." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILR025.

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Afin d'établir des voies possibles d'utilisation de métaux nobles récupérées du combustible nucléaire tels que le 107Pd, la présente thèse vise à étudier l'effet du rayonnement dans trois applications différentes : la catalyse hétérogène, avec - comme réaction modèle - l'hydrogénation du cinnamaldéhyde (CNA) ; la photocatalyse, avec - comme réaction modèle - la décoloration de l'orange de méthyle (MO) et la régénération des catalyseurs, désactivés lors de la synthèse de l'hydroxyméthyl furfural. Des protocoles ont été élaborés pour répondre aux exigences de sécurité nucléaire : applicable en boîte à gant et sorbonne, selon le cas.Le rayonnement β émis par le 107Pd n'a montré aucun effet lors de l'hydrogénation du CNA, indépendamment des conditions de réaction. En revanche, la décoloration a été initié par la présence de la radiation β sur le catalyseur en substituant de la lumière visible. Une diminution de l'absorbance (au point isosbéstique) a été observée. Ce dernier corrélait avec la quantité de catalyseur radioactif, mettant en évidence l'activation par le rayonnement β. Enfin, la régénération du catalyseur à base de Pd a donné des résultats prometteurs après l'irradiation γ, montrant notamment une augmentation de la performance catalytique après irradiation du catalyseur désactivé. Par ailleurs, le catalyseur à base de Ru, bien que généralement peu performant, a montré une activité plus élevée que l'activité du catalyseur frais après irradiation par rayonnement 
This thesis aimed to identify applications of noble metals recovered from spent nuclear fuels such as 107Pd. To study the effect of the radiation three different applications were selected: heterogeneous catalysis, with the hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde (CNA) as model reaction; photocatalysis, with the decolourisation of methyl orange (MO) as model reaction; and the regeneration of catalysts, deactivated with the synthesis of hydroxymethyl furfural. Protocols were developed for the synthesis of the catalysts and the performance testing in restricted nuclear environment, namely in glove box and for the implementation of the reactions in glove box and extractor column as appropriate.Regarding the results it was found that β-radiation did not show any effect on the hydrogenation of CNA independent of the applied reaction conditions. On the other hand, the decolourisation of MO was successfully activated by the β-radiation of the catalyst. A decrease in absorbance (at the isosbestic point) was observed and was correlated to the amount of the catalyst employed, evidencing the effect of the irradiation doses. Finally, the regeneration of the Pd-based catalyst showed promising results after γ-irradiation, notably with a partial recovery of the initial catalytic performance after -irradiation. Meanwhile, the Ru-based catalyst, although generally not performing well, showed increased activity compared to the fresh catalyst upon -irradiation
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Gomes, Flores Camila. "Synthesis and catalytic performance of metal-zeolite composite catalysts." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LILUR010.

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Les zéolithes sont des solides cristallins microporeux avec un système de pores réguliers, qui ont trouvé de nombreuses applications dans les procédés industriels tels que le raffinage du pétrole, la synthèse organique, l'adsorption et la séparation. Une très petite taille des pores des zéolithes (~1 nm) impose des limitations diffusionelles pour des nombreuses réactions catalytiques. La performance catalytique des catalyseurs bifonctionnels à base de zéolites peut être améliorée en créant des zéolithes hiérarchisées et en contrôlant la localisation des espèces métalliques. L'imprégnation est une méthode efficace pour la préparation de catalyseurs bifonctionnels à base de cobalt-zéolite pour la production directe de carburants liquides à partir de gaz de synthèse. Dans les catalyseurs préparés par imprégnation, le cobalt occupe les sites cationiques dans les micropores de zéolite, ce qui diminue le nombre de sites acides disponibles pour l'isomérisation et le craquage des hydrocarbures. L'isolement des ions cobalt en sites cationiques réduit la réductibilité du catalyseur, rend difficile d’obtenir l’état métallique et diminue la quantité de sites actifs métalliques disponibles pour la synthèse Fischer Tropsch. Nous avons démontré que la présence des ions Na+ au lieu des ions H+ dans les sites cationiques de zéolite favorise le dépôt de cobalt à la surface externe, alors que les sites acides dans les micropores de la zéolite sont peu affectés. Une autre approche de cette thèse porte sur la synthèse de zéolithes hiérarchisées à plusieurs niveaux de méso- et microporosité en utilisant des agents structurants sacrificiels. Les zéolithes hiérarchisées synthétisées à l'aide de nanotubes de carbone contenant du cobalt présentaient une activité catalytique plus élevée, une sélectivité en méthane plus faible et une sélectivité plus importante en hydrocarbures isomérisés dans la synthèse Fischer-Tropsch. La stratégie de synthèse fondée sur les nanotubes de carbone comme agents structurants a été étendue à d'autres métaux comme le nickel et le magnésium. Cette nouvelle approche à la synthèse de composites métal-zéolite en utilisant des nanotubes de métal-carbone comme agents structurants sacrificiels augmente la mésoporosité et améliore la performance pour l’hydrogénation d’aromatiques et l’acylation d’anisole
Zeolites are microporous crystalline solids with a regular pore system, which have found numerous applications in industrial processes such as oil refining, organic synthesis, adsorption and separation. Very small pore size of zeolites (~1 nm) imposes diffusional limitations for many catalytic reactions. The catalytic performance of metal zeolite bifunctional catalysts can be improved by creating hierarchical zeolites and by controlling localization of metal species within the zeolite crystals. Impregnation is an efficient method for the preparation of bi-functional cobalt-zeolite catalysts for the direct production of liquid fuels from syngas. In the catalysts prepared via impregnation, cobalt occupies the cation exchange positions in the zeolite micropores decreasing the number of acid sites available for hydrocarbon isomerization and cracking. Isolation of cobalt ions in cationic positions reduces catalyst reducibility, makes it difficult to achieve metallic state and decreases the amount available metal active sites for Fischer Tropsch synthesis. We found that the presence of Na+ instead of H+ ions in the exchange positions of the large pore Beta zeolite favored deposition of cobalt on the external surface of the zeolite, while the acid sites in the zeolite micropores were not much affected. The large pore cobalt Beta zeolite catalyst with cobalt species localized on the external surface and high concentration of acid sites in the zeolite crystals has showed enhanced catalytic performance in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis combined with hydrocarbon isomerization. Another approach of this thesis has addressed creating hierarchical zeolites with several levels of meso- and microporosity using sacrificial templates. Hierarchical zeolites synthesized using cobalt containing carbon nanotubes, as sacrificial hard templates exhibited higher catalytic activity, lower methane selectivity and higher selectivity to isomerized hydrocarbons in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The synthesis strategy based on metal carbon nanotubes as sacrificial templates has been extended to other metals such as nickel and magnesium. This new approach to the synthesis of metal-zeolite composite increases the mesoporosity and improves the catalytic performance in hydrogenation of aromatics and anisole acylation
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Zhang, Changlin. "RATIONAL DESIGN OF ELECTROCATALYSTS WITH ENHANCED CATALYTIC PERFORMANCE IN ENERGY CONVERSION." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1478274856161346.

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Bayraktar, Oguz. "Effect of pretreatment on the performance of metal contaminated commercial FCC catalyst." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2071.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 214 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-208).
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Books on the topic "Catalytic performance"

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Yan, Mei. Development of New Catalytic Performance of Nanoporous Metals for Organic Reactions. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54931-4.

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Wang, Shuoxun. A Study of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Catalytic Conversion to Methane using a Ruthenium, “Sodium Oxide” Dual Functional Material: Development, Performance and Characterizations. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2018.

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Zhang, Jinghua. Perovskite: Crystallography, Chemistry and Catalytic Performance. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2013.

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Catalytic Coaching: The End of the Performance Review. Quorum Books, 2000.

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Catalytic Coaching: The End of the Performance Review. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2000.

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Catalytic Coaching: The End of the Performance Review. Quorum Books, 2000.

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Catalytic Coaching: The End of the Performance Review. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2000.

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Papa, Florica, Anca Vasile, and Gianina Dobrescu, eds. Effect of the Modification of Catalysts on the Catalytic Performance. MDPI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-6726-6.

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Yan, Mei. Development of New Catalytic Performance of Nanoporous Metals for Organic Reactions. Springer London, Limited, 2014.

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Development of New Catalytic Performance of Nanoporous Metals for Organic Reactions. Mei Yan, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Catalytic performance"

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Friedman, Avner. "Modeling catalytic converter performance." In Mathematics in Industrial Problems, 70–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9177-7_7.

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Mirzaee, Mahdi, Mahmood Norouzi, Adonis Amoli, and Azam Ashrafian. "Catalytic Performance of Metal Alkoxides." In Advanced Catalytic Materials, 225–70. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118998939.ch7.

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Thomas, J. M. "Structure and Catalytic Performance of Zeolites." In Chemistry and Physics of Solid Surfaces VI, 107–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82727-3_6.

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Mandal, Prasenjit, and Hari Shankar Biswas. "Catalytic Performance of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites." In Recent Advances in Graphene Nanophotonics, 119–43. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28942-2_6.

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Cant, N. W., B. Sexton, D. L. Trimm, and M. S. Wainwright. "Supported Copper Catalysts: Surface Studies and Catalytic Performance." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 290–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84933-6_23.

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Deng, Jiayao, Xiao Hu, Gnauizhi Xu, Zhanfeng Deng, Lan Yang, Ding Chen, Ming Zhou, and Boyuan Tian. "The Preparation of Iridium-Based Catalyst with Different Melting Point-Metal Nitrate and Its OER Performance in Acid Media." In Proceedings of the 10th Hydrogen Technology Convention, Volume 1, 61–68. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8631-6_6.

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AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the main factor limiting the large-scale development of proton-exchange membrane (PEM) hydrogen production. It is urgent to develop catalysts with excellent OER catalytic performance and stability. Herein, several Iridium-based catalysts were prepared by simple mixing and calcination, the OER properties of catalysts with different melting points of nitrates as calcinating additives were investigated. The RbNO3 treated catalyst displayed a low overpotential(η) of 297.6 mV versus RHE, which is lower than the catalyst calcinated without nitrate (323.8 mV vs. RHE). Moreover, the RbNO3 treated catalyst displayed good acid stability over 20 h Chronopotentiometric test. The high OER catalytic activity and stability of RbNO3 treated catalyst may be attribute to the smaller nanoparticle morphology, pure IrO2 structure and high electrochemical surface area (ECSA), which increase the number of active sites and the intrinsic catalytic activity. This work indicated that the catalyst with excellent OER performance can be obtained by selecting nitrate with moderate melting point as the calcinating additive. Nitrates (like RbNO3) treated catalyst with excellent catalytic activity and stability has good application prospect in hydrogen production of PEM water splitting.
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Lam, Sze-Mun, Jin-Chung Sin, and Abdul Rahman Mohamed. "Magnetic-Based Photocatalyst for Antibacterial Application and Catalytic Performance." In Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, 195–215. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12619-3_8.

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Zhang, Shiguo, and Yanlong Gu. "Functionalized Ionic Liquid-based Catalytic Systems with Diversified Performance Enhancements." In Sustainable Catalysis, 35–58. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527693030.ch2.

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Shi, Z. M. "Cordierite-CeO2 Composite Ceramic: A Novel Catalytic Support Material for Purification of Vehicle Exhausts." In High-Performance Ceramics III, 1075–78. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-959-8.1075.

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Saha, Biswajit, Sundaramurthy Vedachalam, Alivia Mukherjee, and Ajay K. Dalai. "Performance of Low-Cost Carbon-Based Adsorbent on Desulfurization of Heavy Gas Oil." In Catalytic and Noncatalytic Upgrading of Oils, 175–87. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2021-1379.ch007.

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Conference papers on the topic "Catalytic performance"

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Van Der Schoot, Marcel V., Suresh K. Bhargava, Deepak B. Akolekar, Karl Föger, and Harry C. Watson. "Deterioration of Automotive Catalytic Converters (Part 2): Catalytic Performance Characterisation." In SAE International Fall Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-3695.

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Yu, Jia Xin, Tavayogeshwary Thangadurai, Ching Thian Tye, and Samah Zaki Naji. "Catalytic performance of alumina supported metal oxides in catalytic cracking of used cooking oil." In ADVANCES IN FRACTURE AND DAMAGE MECHANICS XX. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0148083.

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Zhao, Haixia, Lina Yan, Qing Ye, Heng Lu, and Dao Wang. "Preparation and Catalytic Performance of Cu-supported on Manganese Oxide for Catalytic Oxidation of CO." In 2014 International Conference on Materials Science and Energy Engineering (CMSEE 2014). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814678971_0026.

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Shayler, P. J., D. J. Hayden, and T. Ma. "Exhaust System Heat Transfer and Catalytic Converter Performance." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-0453.

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Tahara, Mika, Hirohide Oikawa, and Kenji Arai. "Numerical Analysis of Catalytic Recombiner Performance Considering a 3-Dimensional Gas Flow." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22508.

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Metal-water reaction and radiolysis of water generate hydrogen during a severe accident in a light water reactor. To prevent hydrogen combustion, a flammability gas control system (FCS) is installed in reactor containment. Most of the current FCS combine hydrogen with oxygen by heating and employ active devices to maintain the gas flow through the FCS. Recently a catalytic recombiner has been developed as passive FCS. The catalytic recombiner performs its function passively and has the advantages of the robustness during an accident, easy maintenance and low cost compared with the current active FCS. The hydrogen depletion rate of the catalytic recombiner is affected by the local thermal hydraulic conditions during an accident. To evaluate hydrogen depletion by the catalytic recombiner considering these phenomena in the containment, a 3-dimensional fluid dynamics analysis is useful. A theoretical catalytic recombiner model has been developed in which the flammable gas depletion rate is estimated accounting for the gas transfer rate in porous catalyst material. The model has been incorporated with a thermal hydraulic model for the fluid dynamics in a containment that has been developed using a 3-dimensional CFD code STRA-CD. This catalytic recombiner model has been confirmed using a catalytic recombiner performance test that was carried out in the Battelle Model Containment (BMC). Further verification of the analysis model has been conducted using the test data described in NUREG/CR-6580 which addressed the wall effect on the catalytic recombiner performance. The predicted performance of the catalytic recombiner shows a good agreement with the test data, and especially the parameters effects on the recombiner performance is well described, which include the effects of the containment wall, gas flow rate to the catalytic recombiner and gas concentration distribution in the containment.
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Farrauto, Robert J., and John J. Mooney. "Effects of Sulfur on Performance of Catalytic Aftertreatment Devices." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/920557.

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Pasini, Angelo, Lucio Torre, Luca Romeo, and Luca d'Agostino. "Performance Modeling and Analysis of H2O2 Catalytic Pellet Reactors." In 44th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-5025.

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Almithn, Abdulrahman. "Catalytic Performance of Doped Ni2P Surfaces for Ammonia Synthesis †." In ASEC 2023. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asec2023-15319.

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Zhu, Huayang, and Greg S. Jackson. "Transient Modeling for Assessing Catalytic Combustor Performance in Small Gas Turbine Applications." In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0520.

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The development of lean-premixed catalytic reactors for ultra-low emissions combustors in gas turbines presents many design and operability challenges that are not addressed with conventional steady-state reactor models with one-step chemistry mechanisms. These challenges include transient light-off from low temperatures, catalyst deactivation, and hysteresis in catalytic activity. To address these issues, a transient 1-D reactor model with a validated multi-step surface chemistry mechanism has been developed to explore such behavior in catalytic combustors. The surface chemistry sub-model has been incorporated for investigating lean catalytic combustion of CH4 on Pd-based catalysts. The current study investigated the effects of operating conditions — such as pressure, inlet temperature, and velocity — on catalytic reactor ignition and deactivation. The transient modeling provides curves for reactor light-off for a range of inlet pressures and velocities and reveals conditions wherein Pd-catalyst undergoes reduction/deactivation. Model results are compared with some experimental measurements and implications for catalytic combustor design and operation for gas turbine applications are discussed.
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Balachandran, Gajalakshmi, Aswini Dhamotharan, Kiruthiga Kaliyamoorthy, Kalaivani Sivaramakrishnan Rajammal, Rajamani Kulandaiya, and Anthony Raja. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Applications of Schiff-Base Metal Complexes." In The International Conference on Processing and Performance of Materials (ICPPM 2023). Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024061026.

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Reports on the topic "Catalytic performance"

1

Johnson, Terry Alan, and Michael P. Kanouff. Performance characterization of a hydrogen catalytic heater. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/992333.

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Nicholas, Jason D. Strain Engineering Defect Concentrations in Reduced Ceria for Improved Electro-Catalytic Performance. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada623219.

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Plyusnin, Pavel, Yury Shubin, Igor Asanov, Roman Kenzhin, Vladimir Stoyanovskii, and Aleksey Vedyagin. Effect of ruthenium addition to palladium-rhodium nanoalloys on their catalytic performance in CO oxidation. Peeref, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2307p1690740.

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Ilyina, Ekaterina, Daria Yurpalova, Dmitriy Shlyapin, Gregory Veselov, Danil Shivtsov, Vladimir Stoyanovskii, and Aleksey Vedyagin. Acetylene hydrogenation over Pd/MgO nanocrystalline system: Effect of the synthesis route on catalytic performance. Peeref, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54985/peeref.2306p8263363.

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Olsen. PR-179-10203-R01 Characterization of Oxidation Catalyst Performance - VOCs and Temperature Variation. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010753.

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Oxidation catalysts are typically specified to reduce carbon monoxide (CO), Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) and/or Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from lean-burn engines. The application of catalysts to HAPs and VOC destruction is more recent, so greater effort has been placed on optimizing for CO oxidation than HAPs or VOC oxidation. In general, the catalysts consist of a porous, high surface area -alumina carrier material on a ceramic (typically cordierite) or stainless steel substrate. Although the alumina has some effectiveness in oxidation at high temperature, its primary role here is to provide a high surface area support for a well dispersed layer of platinum (Pt) and/or palladium (Pd) which provides numerous catalytic sites for oxidation activity. This work extends the current knowledge-base for application of oxidation catalysts in three areas: (1) species specific removal efficiencies, (2) temperature dependence, and (3) space velocity.
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Chapman and Toema. PR-266-09211-R01 Physics-Based Characterization of Lambda Sensor from Natural Gas Fueled Engines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010022.

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The increasingly strict air emission regulations may require implementing Non-Selective Catalytic Reduction (NSCR) systems as a promising emission control technology for stationary rich burn spark ignition engines. Many recent experimental investigations that used NSCR systems for stationary natural gas fueled engines showed that NSCR systems were unable to consistently control the exhaust emissions level below the compliance limits. Modeling of NSCR components to better understand, and then exploit, the underlying physical processes that occur in the lambda sensor and the catalyst media is now considered an essential step toward improving NSCR system performance. This report focuses on modeling the lambda sensor that provides feedback to the air-to-fuel ratio controller. Correct interpretation of the sensor output signal is necessary to achieve consistently low emissions level. The goal of this modeling study is to improve the understanding of the physical processes that occur within the sensor, investigate the cross-sensitivity of various exhaust gas species on the sensor performance, and finally this model serves as a tool to improve NSCR control strategies. This model simulates the output from a planar switch type lambda sensor. The model consists of three modules. The first module models the multi-component mass transport through the sensor protective layer. The second module includes all the surface catalytic reactions that take place on the sensor platinum electrodes. The third module is responsible for simulating the reactions that occur on the electrolyte material and determine the sensor output voltage.
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Kodupuganti, Swapneel R., Sonu Mathew, and Srinivas S. Pulugurtha. Modeling Operational Performance of Urban Roads with Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions. Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1802.

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The rapid growth in population and related demand for travel during the past few decades has had a catalytic effect on traffic congestion, air quality, and safety in many urban areas. Transportation managers and planners have planned for new facilities to cater to the needs of users of alternative modes of transportation (e.g., public transportation, walking, and bicycling) over the next decade. However, there are no widely accepted methods, nor there is enough evidence to justify whether such plans are instrumental in improving mobility of the transportation system. Therefore, this project researches the operational performance of urban roads with heterogeneous traffic conditions to improve the mobility and reliability of people and goods. A 4-mile stretch of the Blue Line light rail transit (LRT) extension, which connects Old Concord Rd and the University of North Carolina at Charlotte’s main campus on N Tryon St in Charlotte, North Carolina, was considered for travel time reliability analysis. The influence of crosswalks, sidewalks, trails, greenways, on-street bicycle lanes, bus/LRT routes and stops/stations, and street network characteristics on travel time reliability were comprehensively considered from a multimodal perspective. Likewise, a 2.5-mile-long section of the Blue Line LRT extension, which connects University City Blvd and Mallard Creek Church Rd on N Tryon St in Charlotte, North Carolina, was considered for simulation-based operational analysis. Vissim traffic simulation software was used to compute and compare delay, queue length, and maximum queue length at nine intersections to evaluate the influence of vehicles, LRT, pedestrians, and bicyclists, individually and/or combined. The statistical significance of variations in travel time reliability were particularly less in the case of links on N Tryon St with the Blue Line LRT extension. However, a decrease in travel time reliability on some links was observed on the parallel route (I-85) and cross-streets. While a decrease in vehicle delay on northbound and southbound approaches of N Tryon St was observed in most cases after the LRT is in operation, the cross-streets of N Tryon St incurred a relatively higher increase in delay after the LRT is in operation. The current pedestrian and bicycling activity levels seemed insignificant to have an influence on vehicle delay at intersections. The methodological approaches from this research can be used to assess the performance of a transportation facility and identify remedial solutions from a multimodal perspective.
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Mello, J. P., D. Bezaire, S. Sriramulu, and R. Weber. Performance and Economics of Catalytic Glow Plugs and Shields in Direct Injection Natural Gas Engines for the Next Generation Natural Gas Vehicle Program: Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15004468.

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Ginter, David, Chuck Simchick, and Jim Schlatter. Variability in natural gas fuel composition and its effects on the performance of catalytic combustion systems. Final report for period September 18, 1998 - September 17, 2000. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/802093.

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Frey, H. C. Development of the integrated environmental control model: Performance models of selective catalytic reduction NO{sub x} control systems. Quarterly progress report, [April 1, 1993--June 30, 1993]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10103453.

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