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Academic literature on the topic 'Catalyseurs à base des métaux non nobles'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Catalyseurs à base des métaux non nobles"
Drault, Fabien. "Développement de catalyseurs à base de métaux de transition non nobles en remplacement du platine pour des réactions d'hydrogénation." Thesis, Poitiers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018POIT2292/document.
Full textThe use of noble metals in heterogeneous catalysis is limited by the scarcity of these metals, their cost and the supply difficulties due to the monopole of only two countries on the world market. The aim of this work consisted to study the association of platinum and cobalt in order to substitute partly Pt with Co while preserving the catalytic performances of the noble metal in hydrogenation. Various syntheses of 1%Pt- 5%Co supported bimetallic catalysts have been achieved and their performances have been compared with those of monometallic catalysts as well as (Pt + Co) mechanical mixtures for two hydrogenation’s reactions of industrial interest: the hydrogenation of acetonitrile and that of furfural. The physicochemical characterizations carried out (TEM, XPS …) and the model reactions (dehydrogenation of cyclohexane, hydrogenolysis of methylcyclopentane) studied have pointed out several results: - the presence of Pt increases the reducibility of Co for co-impregnated catalysts and mechanical mixtures leading to an enhancement of the catalytic performances in hydrogenation of acetonitrile or furfural; - the colloidal preparation favors the formation of PtCo alloy particles with a homogeneous composition, which are not very active for the reactions studied; - the redox route synthesis can accurately deposit Pt in contact with Co creating an improvement of the catalytic performances by a synergistic effect. Thus, in the hydrogenation of acetonitrile, the same activity was obtained by using a Pt-Co catalyst containing five times less noble metal’s content than the 1% Pt catalysts
Lê, Thi Kim-Chi. "Oxygen Reduction Reaction with Molybdenum-Containing Oxysulfide Nanoparticles : from Colloidal Synthesis to Surface Activity." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2020SORUS209.pdf.
Full textToday, in personal vehicles, fuel cells are competing with the Li-ion batteries to provide the next technological leap. Hence, replacing noble metal by non-noble metal catalysts is essential to make them affordable. Molybdenum can be a good candidate as some compounds (e.g. MoS2, MoO2) are showing activity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR). Uncommon molybdenum oxysulfides could be used as electrodes for Li-ion batteries or catalysts thanks to their porous structure in amorphous forms (thin films and bulk powders). Their colloidal synthesis at low temperature, favoring the nanoscaled materials and bypassing the simple energy-consuming synthesis, is barely reported. The same goes for their ORR catalytic reactivity, which was almost never studied. Here, the well-known colloidal synthesis of lanthanide oxysulfides at low temperature (around 300 °C), producing nanoparticles such as Gd2O2S, is extended to the use of Mo molecular precursors. We studied two pathways: by a two-step protocol (adding the Mo precursor to freshly formed, unwashed Gd2O2S nanoplates) or a one-step protocol (adding simultaneously both metallic precursors). The structural analysis showed that the first method possibly leads to a deposition of isolated molybdate tetrahedrons on Gd2O2S nanoplates without changing their shape and size, while the latter one leads to a more sulfide-like environment of Mo. As observed, only molybdate-doped samples (at low dose) showed positive results in terms of electrochemical activity, which is found related directly to the Mo’s presence. Other explorative work on the syntheses without Gd is being pursued to complement the study on the structure and the formation mechanism of the interested materials. Overall, this is the first attempt to synthesize molybdenum oxysulfide by applying the synthesis method of lanthanide oxysulfide
Briot, Patrick. "Combustion du méthane sur métaux nobles supportés." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10154.
Full textDevers, Élodie. "Catalyseurs à base de métaux nobles supportés sur zircone pour l'hydrodésazotation poussée des gazoles." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10170.
Full textPeeters, Elisabeth. "Etude de catalyseurs thiorésistants à base de métaux nobles supportés pour des réactions d'hydrodésazotation." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10163.
Full textDelanoe͏̈, Florence. "Oxydation de divers composés organiques par le dioxygène en milieu aqueux sur catalyseurs à base de métaux nobles." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2332.
Full textDhainaut, Fabien. "Réduction des oxydes d'azote par l'hydrogène sur des catalyseurs à base de métaux nobles supportés." Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1f52f3af-74fd-4a68-b6f3-013c99de06b5.
Full textLa, Fontaine Camille. "Hydrogénation catalytique des nitriles : recherche et développement de catalyseurs sélectifs à base de métaux nobles." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2285.
Full textWidely used in industry as solvents, reaction intermediates or synthesized for pharmaceutical uses, amines are essential in modern society. A way of synthesis is the catalytic hydrogenation of nitriles but the heterogeneous catalysts developed, often based on nickel, are inappropriate for the hydrogenation of complex molecules. The main objective of this work consisted firstly in carrying out a comparative study of Ru, Ni, Pd, Pt and Rh supported over alumina for the gas phase hydrogenation of acetonitrile. The most active metals are Pt and Rh. Whatever the particle size, Pt leads to the formation of primary and tertiary amines, while over Rh a mixture of secondary and tertiary amines is obtained. During the reaction, the catalysts are sensitive to deactivation mainly due to strongly adsorbed species poisoning active sites. Regeneration can be achieved by heating up the catalyst in inert atmosphere. Further investigations were then performed to optimize the catalysts and to understand the reaction mechanisms. Adding Sn by organometallic grafting stabilizes Rh activity in agreement with an electronic effect of Sn, acting as electron donor. The use of supports such as CeO2 or MgO improves the selectivity towards the primary amine, over either Rh or Pt. The redox properties of CeO2 modify products adsorption and desorption and the absence of acid sites on MgO surface inhibits condensation reactions. So a bifunctional mechanism is confirmed
Ben, Maajouz El Mzarhrani Houssine. "Etude des catalyseurs aux métaux nobles déposés sur les zéolithes : hydrogénation sélective du butadiène." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10201.
Full textFerrand, Laura. "Hydrofonctionnalisations de liaisons multiples carbone-carbone catalysées par des complexes à base de métaux non nobles." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066348/document.
Full textThis PhD work has focused on the development of new methodologies in catalysis based on non-noble metals: cobalt and niobium. These two metals have been used to catalyze hydrofunctionalization reactions of carbon‒carbon multiple bonds. The aim of those projects was to propose competitive catalytic systems based on non-precious metals and to promote their use compared to other rare and expensive metals. To this end, we successfully demonstrated that a well-defined cobalt complexe HCo(PMe3)4 is an efficient catalyst for regio- and stereoselective hydroboration reactions of internal alkynes, as well as diboration reactions. Also, a new catalytic system based on cationic niobium(V) has been developed and used to catalyze intramolecular hydrofunctionalization reactions leading to the synthesis of a large family of heterocycles. In order to reveal even more the potential of niobium in catalysis, we aimed to propose a chiral system able to catalyze enantioselective hydroalkoxylation of alkenes. Despite the promising results, some more efforts on the optimization of this system still need to be done