Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Casual analysis'
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Kitamura, Noriko. "Politeness Phenomena and Mild Conflict in Japanese Casual Conversation." University of Sydney. European Asian and Middle Eastern Languages and Studies, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/844.
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Kawai, Junji. "Phonological analysis of casual Japanese speech in optimality theory." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Linguistics, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4632.
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The study of casual speech, along with that of children's language acquisition, dialects and aphasia, can provide data of great significance in identifying marked segments and structures of languages. Yet few attempts have been made to model formally variation between formal and casual speech. Japanese, for instance, displays a variety of contraction processes in casual speech but, as far as I am aware, no one has ever formalised the grammar underlying casual speech in this language. This thesis is an attempt to shed light on this underdeveloped area of study. By closely examining a wide range of phonological processes observed in casual Japanese speech, I aim to formalise its grammar within the framework of Optimality Theory (McCarthy & Prince 1993a, Prince & Smolensky 1993), with particular focus on one of its branches, Correspondence Theory (McCarthy & Prince 1995).
In this thesis, the grammar of casual speech is formalised by means of constraint reranking. To this end, the hierarchy of constraints for formal Japanese speech is first established through the analysis of consonant alternations and the formation of the te-form of verbs, which more or less corresponds to the English present participle.
On close examination of casual speech processes, it is found that the shift from formal speech to casual speech merely involves the demotion of two constraints, namely, MAX-V-IO and MAX-C-IO, and that casual speech contraction can mostly be ascribed to the interaction of ONSET, *LAB and *r. The latter two are, therefore, considered to be marked in Japanese. Also found is that only closed-class items are targeted by most of the processes. This clearly indicates that the distinction between open class and closed class is a cornerstone of the formal-casual contrast in Japanese phonology.
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Winn, Justin Ray. "An analysis of casual carpool passenger behavior in Houston, Texas." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2319.
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In the last thirty years, determined travelers have developed a new method of travel that
allows them to receive the benefits of traveling on the HOV lane without forming
traditional carpools. This new mode is known as casual carpooling (also known as
??slugging??). Casual carpools are impromptu carpools formed among strangers in order
to meet the occupancy requirements of HOV lanes.
In this research, survey respondent data from Houston, Texas were used to evaluate the
behavior of casual carpool passengers. At the time of this research, there were
approximately 500 casual carpool passengers in Houston each day during the morning
peak period. These passengers gained time savings of up to 13 minutes over the
alternative of driving alone on the main lanes.
Statistical models were used to evaluate the factors that influence travelers to choose
casual carpooling. The results of the analyses indicated that travelers on commute trips
were more likely to casual carpool. The results also indicated that casual carpoolers in
Houston made more trips per week, were between the ages of 25 and 34, and hadoccupations that were either professional/managerial or administrative/clerical.
Additionally, Houston travelers that had incomes between $25,000 and $35,000 and
were between the ages of 55 and 64 were significantly less likely to casual carpool.
The research results provided insight into some of the factors that influenced the
decision to casual carpool. It is important to understand the types of travelers that casual
carpooled, and the information learned in these analyses can be used to better evaluate
HOV and HOT lane use and performance. Casual carpool passengers can comprise a
significant portion of HOV/HOT lane person movement and should be considered when
considering HOV or HOT lane implementation. However, further research in this area is
necessary to better understand these travelers.
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Martin, Kristin Burke. "Strategies for Sustainability of Nonfranchise Casual Dining Restaurants." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5899.
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In the United States, over 50% of restaurants fail within the first 5 years of operations resulting in approximately $2.1 billion annually in lost national sales revenue. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies used by owners of nonfranchise, casual dining restaurants to ensure sustainability longer than 5 years. The study was grounded in Porter's 5 forces framework as a lens for identifying effective strategies that promote restaurant sustainability. The data collection process comprised gathering data and information via semistructured interviews with 3 owners of nonfranchise, casual dining restaurants in the mid-Atlantic region who sustained their restaurants for longer than 5 years. Also, a review of archival records, including restaurant websites, newspaper advertisements, social media, and promotional documentation ensued. Member checking ensured the accuracy of participant responses in the data analysis process, and methodological triangulation was used to increase understanding and validity of data. Three themes emerged from data analysis: offering quality food and exceptional service, respecting and encouraging employees, and participating in day-to-day operations. The findings of this study promote positive social change by supporting local farmers, providing nutritious food to consumers, developing positive community relationships, and providing a safe place to socialize and meet friends.
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McAndrew, Paula. "Investigating casual conversation: a systemic functional linguistic and social network model of analysing social reality." Australia : Macquarie University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/44619.
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"November 2001".Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Linguistics and Psychology, Dept. of Linguistics, 2002.
Bibliography: p. 285-291.
Introduction -- Language from a systemic functional perspective -- Social networks: a review of literature relevant to the Scotland Island study -- Methodology -- Analysing relational ties: a social network perspective -- A systemic functional approach to analysing social reality -- Discussion and conclusion.
This research is concerned with the study of language and the social order. Working within the systemic functional theory of language, and utilising the concept of a social network to model the social order, the primary aim is to put on display the relationship between the linguistic system and social order, between language and culture. Systemic functional grammar (Halliday, 1995; Halliday and Hasasn, 1985/9; Halliday and Matthiesen, 1997; Eggins and Slade 1997), with its emphasis on language as a social semiotic, is used to analyse the language used by a group of four women engaged in casual conversation in a small Australian island community. Here the analysis reveals how the women negotiate their social reality when speaking to each other. It shows how their social relations are shaped within a text (Hasan, 1996), and explores the notion that, despite the seemingly trivial, unconscious nature of casual interactions, power and solidarity are continually being negotiated by the participants (Halliday, 1994; Eggins and Slade, 1997). More specifically, this research examines the notion that through lexico-grammatical and semantic selections participants are able to negotiate dominant positions in interaction. Social Network analysis has been used to examine the relationship between the individual and the group. It offers a quantifiable analytical tool for describing the character of an individual's everyday social relationships (Milroy, 1987). A social network analysis is used in the present study to map the social relationships in the tight-knit network, or speech fellowship, of these women (creating a map of the context of situation in SFL terminology). Change in the social relationships and language choices is modeled by revisiting the participants 15 months later in a contextually similar environment and re-analysing the network and linguistic options. Systemic functional linguistics is then used to highlight the interdependency of language and social order. Through systematic accounts of language and the context in which it is embedded this reciprocal nature is displayed and language and social order can be seen, not as two distinct entities, but rather as one phenomena seen from two different perspectives (Halliday, 1978; Mathiessen, 1993).
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
v, 291 p. ill
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Hyland, Peter. "Supporting the retrieval and analysis of external statistical data by casual and novice users." Access E-Book, 2001. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20011220.095735/index.html.
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Bieda, Kathryn. "Self-Esteem in Relation to Casual Sex Behavior, Attitudes, and Affect." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1949.
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Casual sex is common on college campuses and is potentially relevant to a person's self-esteem. Unfortunately, data are mixed regarding how self-esteem is influenced by casual sex. This thesis is an attempt to understand how casual sex influences women's self-esteem through a series of questionnaires. Three hypotheses were of interest. The first predicted that sociosexuality and desire would explain casual sex engagement. Second, that casual sex behaviors and attitudes would predict self-esteem. Third, looking only at those who engaged in casual sex; casual sex attitudes and affect would predict self-esteem. Using hierarchical regression, results indicated that there was a curvilinear effect for sociosexuality on number of casual sex partners. Results for the second hypothesis showed an interaction between behavior and attitudes to predict selfesteem. Finally, for hypothesis three, results showed a moderation effect for attitudes on negative affect regarding overall casual sex experience and self-esteem.
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Thompson, Kelly R. "The millennial generation and wine purchasing beliefs in casual dining restaurants." Diss., Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4636.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Hospitality Management and Dietetics
Elizabeth B. Barrett
The primary purposes of this research were to 1) use the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)to assess Millennial generation wine consumers attitudes, perceived behavioral controls, and subjective norms related to purchasing wine in casual dining restaurants (CDR), and 2) use Conjoint Analysis (CA) to analyze Millennials’ preferences for wine information on the restaurant menu. An instrument was designed based on the TPB and CA and was sent online to 216 consumers using the database of a market research firm (e-rewards). Independent variables (attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms) were analyzed to predict behavioral intentions to purchase wine. Principal component analysis was combined with multiple linear regression to assess intention. Results identified attitudes and subjective norms as being significant in predicting behavioral intention, perceived behavioral controls was partially significant. Millennial’s believe ordering wine with their friends and family in casual dining restaurants will make them feel smart and sophisticated and will increase the enjoyment of food. However, they do not believe wine consumption is appropriate in CDR’s; they had strong perceptions that wine is purchased for special occasions and consumed in fine dining restaurants. Part II of the study employed conjoint analysis to determine Millennials preferences for wine information on the menu. Results indicated that Millennials prefer menus that provide wine/food pairing information, wine flavor descriptors located near food listings and quality wines at an affordable price. Millennials attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls support previous research that this generation is interested in wine and wine is a social experience that increases their enjoyment of food and time spent with their friends and family. Through the use of CA, the present study suggests wine information on the menu is important to this segment of consumers. Additional research should be conducted to understand the stereotypes this generation has about wine consumption in casual dining restaurants. These operators and owners should consider focusing their marketing efforts showing Millennials enjoying wine while celebrating special occasions with their friends and family. In addition, redeveloping menus in their operations to add wine information may increase interest in wine and generate profit.
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Pal, Sarmistha. "Choice of casual and regular labour contracts in Indian agriculture : a theoretical and empirical analysis." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1994. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1347/.
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The dissertation examines the choice between casual and regular labour contracts in Indian agriculture. In particular, it deals with two relevant decision problems: (i) how an employer chooses between casual and regular contracts and (ii) how a labourer chooses between casual and regular contracts. Several models of contractual choice are developed. In the implicit contract model, regular labour contracts are a means through which risk-neutral employers offer some insurance against the wage and employment fluctuations to labourers, in return for lower wages. In the shirking model, regular contracts are used to perform non-monitorable tasks for which casual contracts are not incentive compatible: regular contracts with wages above the reservation wage act as a device to induce the workers not to shirk in non-monitorable tasks. In the collateral model, regular contracts with advance wage payments provide labourers with a means of using their labour services as a collateral substitute. The time constraint model shows that landless labourers have a comparative advantage in regular labour contracts, because the opportunity cost of precommitting labour time tends to be lower for them. In each of these models, it is shown that casual and regular contracts may coexist in equilibrium. Empirical evidence bearing on these different theories is examined using data from three South Indian villages. The evidence is consistent with the implicit contract model, the collateral model and the time constraint model. However, we find no support for the shirking model. Other relevant aspects of labour contracts are also investigated, including labour force participation decisions, unemployment rates, the relative levels of casual-labour and regular-labour wages, the links between labour and credit contracts, and the determinants of labour demand. The thesis concludes with a discussion of recent trends in the incidence of casual and regular contracts in rural India. The incidence of regular contracts has steadily declined in recent years. We argue that this decline primarily reflects a decline in supply (due, inter alia, to an improvement of credit facilities and an expansion of alternative employment opportunities) rather than a decline of demand.
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Wickey, Jessica. "Guest Satisfaction Analysis of a Casual Dining Restaurant: A comparison of tourist VS non-tourist satisfaction scores." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6035.
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Purpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze guest/customer satisfaction surveys of a casual dining restaurant in the Orlando, Florida area; specifically, to analyze if there is a difference between satisfaction levels of tourist and non-tourist guests.
The guest satisfaction surveys were analyzed on eight dimensions of satisfaction; Pace of Service, Service Overall, Server Communication & Accuracy, Food (Taste & Quality), Food Preparation, Bar (Beer, Wine, & Cocktail), Gratefulness, and Atmosphere in whole (including atmosphere and cleanliness).The eight dimensions were evaluated in the GPS (guest pulse survey) based on a Net Promoter Score, or NPS&"174; system, and were compared by guest type: tourist versus non-tourist. Multiple linear regression analyses results concluded that the dimensions of Pace, Service Overall, Food, Food Preparation, and Atmosphere were predicators of Overall Satisfaction for tourist respondents. Service Overall, Server Communication, and Gratefulness were predictors of Overall Satisfaction for non-tourist respondents.M.S.
Masters
Hospitality Services
Hospitality Management
Hospitality and Tourism Management
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Conduto, Ana Filipa Seno. "Market analysis of a new business opportunity in mobile-casual gaming: partnership between Nmusic and Rovio entertainment Ltd." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11833.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsTaking in consideration its entrepreneurial culture and the huge growth of mobile gaming and digital music, Nmusic1 identified a window of opportunity for the development, in partnership with Rovio Entertainment Ltd.2, of a new game product, combining Angry Birds games with music contents. In view of that, it was necessary to perform the market analysis of this new game and, after a detailed study, it was concluded that the current environmental context supports this business opportunity and corroborates its market potential. The analysis involved the study of the evolution and competitive environment of both industries and of the impact of this new game in industry dynamics. Moreover, the drivers and trends influencing the business environment were also studied and used for the elaboration of recommendations for product development and strategic planning.
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Boyer, Steven Andrew. "L337 Soccer Moms: Conceptions of "Hardcore" and "Casual" in the Digital Games Medium." Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_theses/53/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2009.Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed July 20, 2010) Ted Friedman, committee chair; Alisa Perren, Greg Smith, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 156-169).
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Aoki, Hiromi. "Hearership as interactive practice a multi-modal analysis of the response token Nn and head nods in Japanese casual conversation /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1568188241&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Ryding, Karin. "Poetry is for everyone : A comparative analysis of the cut-up technique, Magnetic poetry and the casual word game Words of Oz." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för speldesign, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-228190.
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Language is a system that fundamentally influences us as human beings. There are numerous schools of thought critiquing our use of language and celebrating attempts to break free of the control it has over our lives. In that perspective a transformative play with language can be seen as critical play, and a game design approach supporting this kind of play can be defined as critical. The cut-up technique is an aleatory literary technique invented by the Dadaists in the 1920s. It was the fundamental lack of belief in society and language that gave birth to the cut-up method. Mary Flanagan includes it in her book “Critical Play: Radical Game Design” as part of the critical game-design paradigm. The singer-songwriter Dave Kapell invented Magnetic Poetry in the early 90s inspired by the cut-up technique and how artists such as William Burroughs and David Bowie used in their work. I am a co-founder of Ozma Games – a game studio based in Malmö, Sweden. In Ozma we are working on a social word game called Words of Oz. Magnetic Poetry inspired us in the design of Words of Oz, as we wanted to make a casual game that could evoke players’ creativity. The Dadaists clearly wanted to challenge the way we use language. In this essay I will compare the Dadaist cut-up method with its later adaptations Magnetic Poetry and Words of Oz. My question is whether the critical design approach is sustained in Magnetic Poetry and Words of Oz or if the change in technology and framing has limited the subversive potential from which they originated.
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Wright, David Lindsay. "Unpacking Japan's 21st century "National Conversation" : images of the future beyond the iron cage of the "Catch Up" model." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/41516/1/David_Wright_Thesis.pdf.
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How does the image of the future operate upon history, and upon national and individual identities? To what extent are possible futures colonized by the image? What are the un-said futurecratic discourses that underlie the image of the future? Such questions inspired the examination of Japan’s futures images in this thesis. The theoretical point of departure for this examination is Polak’s (1973) seminal research into the theory of the ‘image of the future’ and seven contemporary Japanese texts which offer various alternative images for Japan’s futures, selected as representative of a ‘national conversation’ about the futures of that nation. These seven images of the future are: 1. Report of the Prime Minister’s Commission on Japan’s Goals in the 21st Century—The Frontier Within: Individual Empowerment and Better Governance in the New Millennium, compiled by a committee headed by Japan’s preeminent Jungian psychologist Kawai Hayao (1928-2007); 2. Slow Is Beautiful—a publication by Tsuji Shinichi, in which he re-images Japan as a culture represented by the metaphor of the sloth, concerned with slow and quality-oriented livingry as a preferred image of the future to Japan’s current post-bubble cult of speed and economic efficiency; 3. MuRatopia is an image of the future in the form of a microcosmic prototype community and on-going project based on the historically significant island of Awaji, and established by Japanese economist and futures thinker Yamaguchi Kaoru; 4. F.U.C.K, I Love Japan, by author Tanja Yujiro provides this seven text image of the future line-up with a youth oriented sub-culture perspective on that nation’s futures; 5. IMAGINATION / CREATION—a compilation of round table discussions about Japan’s futures seen from the point of view of Japan’s creative vanguard; 6. Visionary People in a Visionless Country: 21 Earth Connecting Human Stories is a collection of twenty one essays compiled by Denmark born Tokyo resident Peter David Pedersen; and, 7. EXODUS to the Land of Hope, authored by Murakami Ryu, one of Japan’s most prolific and influential writers, this novel suggests a future scenario portraying a massive exodus of Japan’s youth, who, literate with state-of-the-art information and communication technologies (ICTs) move en masse to Japan’s northern island of Hokkaido to launch a cyber-revolution from the peripheries. The thesis employs a Futures Triangle Analysis (FTA) as the macro organizing framework and as such examines both pushes of the present and weights from the past before moving to focus on the pulls to the future represented by the seven texts mentioned above. Inayatullah’s (1999) Causal Layered Analysis (CLA) is the analytical framework used in examining the texts. Poststructuralist concepts derived primarily from the work of Michel Foucault are a particular (but not exclusive) reference point for the analytical approach it encompasses. The research questions which reflect the triangulated analytic matrix are: 1. What are the pushes—in terms of current trends—that are affecting Japan’s futures? 2. What are the historical and cultural weights that influence Japan’s futures? 3. What are the emerging transformative Japanese images of the future discourses, as embodied in actual texts, and what potential do they offer for transformative change in Japan? Research questions one and two are discussed in Chapter five and research question three is discussed in Chapter six. The first two research questions should be considered preliminary. The weights outlined in Chapter five indicate that the forces working against change in Japan are formidable, structurally deep-rooted, wide-spread, and under-recognized as change-adverse. Findings and analyses of the push dimension reveal strong forces towards a potentially very different type of Japan. However it is the seven contemporary Japanese images of the future, from which there is hope for transformative potential, which form the analytical heart of the thesis. In analyzing these texts the thesis establishes the richness of Japan’s images of the future and, as such, demonstrates the robustness of Japan’s stance vis-à-vis the problem of a perceived map-less and model-less future for Japan. Frontier is a useful image of the future, whose hybrid textuality, consisting of government, business, academia, and creative minority perspectives, demonstrates the earnestness of Japan’s leaders in favour of the creation of innovative futures for that nation. Slow is powerful in its aim to reconceptualize Japan’s philosophies of temporality, and build a new kind of nation founded on the principles of a human-oriented and expanded vision of economy based around the core metaphor of slowness culture. However its viability in Japan, with its post-Meiji historical pushes to an increasingly speed-obsessed social construction of reality, could render it impotent. MuRatopia is compelling in its creative hybridity indicative of an advanced IT society, set in a modern day utopian space based upon principles of a high communicative social paradigm, and sustainability. IMAGINATION / CREATION is less the plan than the platform for a new discussion on Japan’s transformation from an econo-centric social framework to a new Creative Age. It accords with emerging discourses from the Creative Industries, which would re-conceive of Japan as a leading maker of meaning, rather than as the so-called guzu, a term referred to in the book meaning ‘laggard’. In total, Love Japan is still the most idiosyncratic of all the images of the future discussed. Its communication style, which appeals to Japan’s youth cohort, establishes it as a potentially formidable change agent in a competitive market of futures images. Visionary People is a compelling image for its revolutionary and subversive stance against Japan’s vision-less political leadership, showing that it is the people, not the futures-making elite or aristocracy who must take the lead and create a new vanguard for the nation. Finally, Murakami’s Exodus cannot be ruled out as a compelling image of the future. Sharing the appeal of Tanja’s Love Japan to an increasingly disenfranchised youth, Exodus portrays a near-term future that is achievable in the here and now, by Japan’s teenagers, using information and communications technologies (ICTs) to subvert leadership, and create utopianist communities based on alternative social principles. The principal contribution from this investigation in terms of theory belongs to that of developing the Japanese image of the future. In this respect, the literature reviews represent a significant compilation, specifically about Japanese futures thinking, the Japanese image of the future, and the Japanese utopia. Though not exhaustive, this compilation will hopefully serve as a useful starting point for future research, not only for the Japanese image of the future, but also for all image of the future research. Many of the sources are in Japanese and their English summations are an added reason to respect this achievement. Secondly, the seven images of the future analysed in Chapter six represent the first time that Japanese image of the future texts have been systematically organized and analysed. Their translation from Japanese to English can be claimed as a significant secondary contribution. What is more, they have been analysed according to current futures methodologies that reveal a layeredness, depth, and overall richness existing in Japanese futures images. Revealing this image-richness has been one of the most significant findings of this investigation, suggesting that there is fertile research to be found from this still under-explored field, whose implications go beyond domestic Japanese concerns, and may offer fertile material for futures thinkers and researchers, Japanologists, social planners, and policy makers.
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Bezsmertna, Julia. "Modern methods of economic forecasting." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14350.
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AL-Harahsheh, Ahmad. "The perception and practice of silence in Australian and Jordanian societies : a socio-pragmatic study." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2012. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/429.
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The willingness to understand the perception and practice of silence is currently receiving an increasing amount of attention in the literature on sociolinguistics and pragmatics. This study aims to investigate silence as perceived and practised by speakers of Australian English and Jordanian Arabic in casual conversation from a socio-pragmatic perspective. It also attempts to anticipate processes in which silence can be created and used in the mainstream of communication. In addition, it identifies problems in perceiving and practising silence in both cultures. The present study also looks at gender differences in both societies. Ethnographic and qualitative data were drawn from in-depth interviews, observations, and video and audio recordings. The data were collected from the North of Jordan and Western Australia. The participants of the study were 24 university students (undergraduates): twelve males and 12 females in both countries. The participants of the study were divided into two main groups: friends and people who were unacquainted. The dyadic conversations lasted for 30 minutes each. These conversations were video-taped. Ninety seconds from the beginning, 90 seconds from the middle, and 90 seconds from the end of each conversation were analysed. Praat software was used to detect the period of silence in conversations. The data analysis drew on Sacks et al’s (1974) turn-taking model, Halliday’s notion of context of situation, and Conversation Analysis. The findings of the study demonstrate that silence is significant and meaningful. It frames and structures the conversation between the interlocutors. Silence has sociolinguistic functions, and pragmatic functions which includes polite functions and discourse functions. In addition, silence is not opposite to speech. They complement each other. It has also been discovered that there are longer silences in conversations between friends rather than between people who are unacquainted. Silence is awkward in conversation between strangers, because the interlocutors are not familiar with each other. In addition, in the same–sex conversations, women practise more silences, as they feel more comfortable. There are many similarities between Jordanian and Australian speakers in perceiving and practising silence in social settings. This assumption supports the Universal Grammar of socio-pragmatic practice of silence in interpersonal communication. The results of the study contribute to an understanding of the perception and practice of silence in both societies. Practical suggestions for interpreting silence and future research are also identified.
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Jarvis, Paul S. "Determining geographical causal relationships through the development of spatial cluster detection and feature selection techniques." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2006. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/determining-geographical-casual-relationships-through-the-development-of-spatial-cluster-detection-and-feature-selection-techniques(7a882804-5565-44d7-8635-e59c66e2e9bc).html.
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Spatial datasets contain information relating to the locations of incidents of a disease or other phenomena. Appropriate analysis of such datasets can reveal information about the distribution of cases of the phenomena. Areas that contain higher than expected incidence of the phenomena, given the background population, are of particular interest. Such clusters of cases may be affected by external factors. By analysing the locations of potential influences, it may be possible to establish whether a cause and effect relationship is present within the dataset. This thesis describes research that has led to the development and application of cluster detection and feature selection techniques in order to determine whether causal relationships are present within generic spatial datasets. The techniques are described and demonstrated, and their effectiveness established by testing them using synthetic datasets. The techniques are then applied to a dataset supplied by the Welsh Leukaemia Registry that details all cases of leukaemia diagnosed in Wales between 1990 and 2000. Cluster detection techniques can be used to provide information about case distribution. A novel technique, CLAP, has been developed that scans the study region and identifies the statistical significance of the levels of incidence in specific areas. Feature selection techniques can be used to identify the extent to which a selection of inputs impact upon a given output. Results from CLAP are combined with details of the locations of potential causal factors, in the form of a numerical dataset that can be analysed using feature selection techniques. Established techniques and a newly developed technique are used for the analysis. Results from such analysis allow conclusions to be drawn as to whether geographical causal relationships are apparent.
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Järvinen, Palme Anna. ""Nobody but you can do that to me, I don't know why" : Covert Power in Representations of Casual Talk. A Case Study of Woody Allen's Hannah and Her sister(s)." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-104721.
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The thesis is an exploratory qualitative analysis of conversations between two out of three leading characters in Woody Allen’s motion picture Hannah and Her Sisters (1986). Due to a perception of invisible power relations, it is hypothesized that what seems like a powerful position in discourse, in fact is an indication of the opposite, and that what seems like a powerless position, is an indication of power. Three features based on scholarship connected to Conversation Analysis (CA), Dyadic Power Theory (DPT) and power relations in verbal interaction are chosen to test the hypotheses: first and second positions in sequences as dicussed by Hutchby (1996), control attempts as elaborated by DPT, and mitigating strategies as argued for by Mullany (2004). Findings confirm the hypotheses, but also reveal ambiguities and contrasting results. Connecting the data to sources based on talk in the private sphere, in particular within family discourse, is mentioned as one way to further illuminate the subject in future research.
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Johnson, Kimberly S. "Effecting Change in High Risk Families through Home Visiting. An Analysis of Clients’ Perceived Value of the Process Based on Professional Attire Worn by Home Visitor; White Coat vs. Business Casual." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1558882770959141.
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Fish, Jody. "Gende(r) in the Boston Accent: A linguistic analysis of Boston (r) from a gender perspective." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23112.
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The Boston accent is one of the most famous accents in the United States and is known for its non-rhoticity, which essentially means that Bostonians do not normally pronounce their r’s after vowels. While most Boston locals would tell you to ‘pahk the cah ova hea’ when you arrive in the city, not every Bostonian has the same level of non-rhoticity; this variation is due to a number of different factors, but arguably one of the most interesting factors, which this paper focuses on, is gender. This study looks into how Boston non-rhoticity differs between males and females, as well the theories that explain these potential differences. This is done by collecting and analyzing the speech of Boston locals, following two previous studies on the same topic. In addition to gender, types of speech and other social factors are also analyzed. The biggest finding of this study is that there is a statistically significant difference in non-rhoticity between males and females, with females pronouncing more r’s, which supports one previous study and opposes another, and also supports the linguistic theory that women tend to exhibit more standardized speech than men.
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Urbánek, David. "Mezinárodní marketingová strategie v oblasti herního průmyslu a mikrotransakcí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443108.
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The thesis is focused on international marketing of gaming industry. It’s focus is on trends and possibilities of international marketing strategy for microtransactions. The theoretical part aims to define basic concept of gaming industry, marketing, microtransactions, customer behavior and ways to engage with him. The analytical part is creating a concept of international marketing strategy for a game, which is being developed by the author of this thesis based on quality research and theoretical background. This strategy is supposed to engage with customers not interested in microtransactions.
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Nyström, Johanna. "Integration som ömsesidig anpassning : En analys av idéerna bakom valet av målgrupp i den svenska integrationspolitiken." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-279985.
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The Swedish policy for integration has been accused of wrongly targeting only immigrants and therefore resembling assimilation. In this bachelor thesis I show that there seems to be a general understanding between academics and politicians of how integration should be achieved. If integration is the opposite of assimilation an integrated society has to be achieved trough mutual adaptation. The purpose of this thesis is to identify if the Swedish government design their policy for integration according to the idea of integration as mutual adaptation or not. A frame analysis is used to identify the de target populations in the Swedish strategy for integration. Through analysing the choice of target populations I conclude that the Swedish policy for integration does not fulfil the idea of integration as mutual adaptation. Another important conclusion is that there can be two different target populations for every policy, one tied to the causal story and one tied to the solution of the problem with integration.Den svenska integrationspolitiken har anklagats för att felaktigt riktas mot endast invandrare och på så sätt mer likna assimilationspolitik. I den här kandidatuppsatsen visar jag att forskare och politiker på en övergripande nivå verkar vara överens om hur integration bör uppnås. Om integration är motsatsen till assimilation måste ett integrerat samhälle uppnås genom ömsesidig anpassning. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att ta reda på om den svenska regeringen utformar sin integrationspolitik efter idén om integration som ömsesidig anpassning eller inte. Frameanalys används för att identifiera målgrupperna i den svenska strategin för integration. Genom att analysera valet av målgrupper drar jag slutsatsen att den svenska integrationspolitiken inte uppfyller idéen om integration som ömsesidig anpassning. En annan viktig slutsats är att det kan finnas två målgrupper för varje åtgärd, en knuten till orsaksförklaringen och en knuten till lösningen på problemet.
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Borland-Sentinella, Deanna. "Embodied futures: Weaving futures thinking, applied theatre and community development in creative and participatory embodied practice." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/205943/1/Deanna_Borland-Sentinella_Thesis.pdf.
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This practice-led research both bridges, and offers an extension to, the fields of Applied Theatre, Participatory Community Development and Futures Thinking. Through a series of practical workshops, conducted in Australia and Timor-Leste, the study explored what a structurally transformed world might practically be like. Themes discussed in the reflection on practice include: patterns of time and macrohistories; distancing through role and metaphor; and re-contemplating ancestors’ influence on people's worldviews. Outputs from the project include an Illustrated Exercises Book and the Embodied Futures Framework for stepping through stages of change to help groups understand what transforms tomorrow.
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Mlambo, Farai Fredric. "Good's casualty for time series: a regime-switching framework." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6018.
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Causal analysis is a significant role-playing field in the applied sciences such as statistics, econometrics, and technometrics. Particularly, probability-raising models have warranted significant research interest. Most of the discussions in this area are philosophical in nature. Contemporarily, the econometric causality theory, developed by C.J.W. Granger, is popular in practical, time series causal applications. While this type of causality technique has many strong features, it has serious limitations. The processes studied, in particular, should be stationary and causal relationships are restricted to be linear. However, we cannot classify regime-switching processes as linear and stationary. I.J. Good proposed a probabilistic, event-type explication of causality that circumvents some of the limitations of Granger’s methodology. This work uses the probability raising causality ideology, as postulated by Good, to propose some causal analysis methodology applicable in a stochastic, non-stationary domain. There is a proposal made for a Good’s causality test, by transforming the originally specified probabilistic causality theory from random events to a stochastic, regime-switching framework. The researcher performed methodological validation via causality simulations for a Markov, regime-switching model. The proposed test can be used to detect whether none stochastic process is causal to the observed behaviour of another, probabilistically. In particular, the regime-switch causality explication proposed herein is pivotal to the results articulated. This research also examines the power of the proposed test by using simulations, and outlines some steps that one may take in using the test in a practical setting.
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Yazilitas, Hakan. "Analyzing the effects of Urban combat on daily casualty rates." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Jun%5FYazilitas.pdf.
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Kelly, Mary Virginia. "An economic analysis of the property/casualty insurance market." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ34560.pdf.
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Mukuka, Tarcisius. "Orality as casualty : contextual and postcolonial analysis of biblical hermeneutics in Bembaland." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.682550.
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This research aims at examining biblical hermeneutics in Bembaland, Zambia. Home to 4.8 million people, 50%-75% of whom are nominally Christian and 44% Catholic, with literacy levels at 61.4%, this thesis explores the interplay of orality and scribality in the Bembaland experiences of biblical hermeneutics. The terminus a quo of this thesis is that the shift in preferred medium from orality to scribablity in Bembaland affected not only hermeneutical understandings of the Bible, but also the broader social praxis. This can be identified in changed ways both of thinking and the derivation of meaning, both in terms of heteroglossal interpretation and the patterning and understanding of authority. The terminus ad quem of the thesis is that rather than hold orality and textuality in an antithetical binarism, it is more fruitful to pursue a negotiated and hybrid approach which holds oral and textual poetics in constructive symbiosis. In making this argument, rather than calling in the hermeneutical bulldozer of one single method, our approach is to unlock the Bemba experiences using a bricolage of analytical tools which have included contextual fieldwork, postcolonial critique, communication theory, spatial theory and linguistic analysis. In particular, the argumentation is alert first to the deconstruction of textual interpretations authored by the dominant and literate elite; secondly, the silencing of colonized 'others' as subjects of their own history; thirdly, the emancipation of misued biblical passages through hermeneutics of suspicion, retrieval, restoration and transformation. As a worked example, I have proposed a negotiated, oral-textual and hybrid hermeneutics of Rom 13:1-7. The outcomes of the 'oral-scribal' analysis undertaken partially echo McLuhan's famous phrase, 'The medium is the message.' The evidence suggests that there has been a tectonic shift in the biblical hermeneutics of Bembaland. Succinctly, this may be characterised principally by the move from oral/aural to chirographical/typographical media management in which communication and space were utilised as a means of exerting power and control. In the particular Bemba context of << Ubufumu e busosa >> - 'Royalty is constituted by speech' the effect is seismic since tribal authority has hitherto been constituted by the spoken rather than the written word. Thus informed, the research proposes a rebalancing of this destabilizing shift using two metaphors. Firstly, hearing/reading the word under an African tree as << Teleela Mulumbe >> ['Hear the news'} has the potential to open up what James Maxey has referred to as the oral ethos of the Bible in a context that is still characterised by residual orality; secondly, hearing/reading the word in Terra Nullius, ['unclaimed land'] where both oral/textual media hybridity and community hybridity are the catchwords. In like manner, this allows for border-crossing or 'transgressive hermeneutics' that is meta-gendered and trans-ethnic in its redemptive power.
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Anderson, Tessa Kate. "A spatial analysis of road collision hotspots and their driver and casualty profiles." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444524/.
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This thesis explores the spatial nature of road collisions within London, UK. There is continuing debate amongst academics and road safety professionals alike as to the most appropriate method of identifying high density locations of road collisions and also of identifying the appropriate data and variables that represent population risk in road environments. This thesis adopts a three stage approach in order to create a typology of collision hotspots and the persons most likely to be involved in incidents at them. The first method links the postcodes of drivers and casualties to geodemographic types in order to understand the types of people in London that are more likely to be involved in a collision and to identify where they are likely to reside. The second method concentrates on defining collision hotspots using kernel density smoothing. The selected hotspots and associated variables are then clustered in order to create a typology of hotspots, using five groups and fifteen clusters. The third and final stage links these two spatial locations together, by ascertaining the geodemographic types which are more likely to be over represented in each of the five groups and fifteen clusters. This makes it possible to develop a clearer and crisper analysis of the road collision risk of the population in London, to classify the capacities in which people are likely to be involved in a collision and to identify where the collision is likely to take place. The outcome is fifteen distinctive types which highlight risk groups across London, suggest the types of collision that they are likely to encounter and identifies where they might occur. This has the potential to be a very useful tool in assisting in road safety policy and initiatives across London.
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Moreira, Maria de Lourdes Teixeira. "Parametrização das rotações em teorias de barras e cascas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3144/tde-01092009-152009/.
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Este trabalho apresenta uma formulação tensorial genérica para parametrização das rotações do tipo vetorial destinada ao estudo de grandes rotações no espaço tridimensional. Esta formulação é compatível com as parametrizações de Euler e de Rodrigues. É dada ênfase aos que aqui se denominou parâmetros generalizados de Rodrigues, que fornecem expressões simples, computacionalmente mais eficientes que a parametrização clássica de Euler. A formulação apresentada é adequada para uso em métodos numéricos baseados nas projeções de Galerkin, como o método dos elementos finitos, podendo ser implementada com facilidade em programas já existentes de elementos finitos. Apresentam-se aqui expressões para o tensor das rotações e suas derivadas, bem como os tensores necessários à análise incremental. As formas fracas são construídas tanto com projeção ortogonal como não-ortogonal, correspondentes à aplicação do Teorema dos Trabalhos Virtuais e Teorema das Potências Virtuais, respectivamente. Os modelos propostos foram aplicados em um programa de elementos finitos utilizando formulações cinemáticas Lagrangiana total e Lagrangiana atualizada e foram resolvidos vários exemplos, dentre eles alguns clássicos da literatura, de forma a avaliar sua validade e aplicação.This work presents a generic formulation of vector-type for the parameterization of large rotations in three-dimensional space. This formulation adapts to the Euler and the Rodrigues parameterization. Special distinction is made to the here named generalized Rodrigues parameters which result in very simple and computationally efficient expressions. The attained formulation is convenient for numerical procedures employing Galerkin projection like the finite element method and can be readily implemented in a FE code. The expressions of rotation tensor and its derivatives, which lead to a consistent linearization, are herein derived. The necessary tensor quantities employed in the derivation of the tangent bilinear weak form of incremental analysis are obtained too. The weak forms are constructed here with both orthogonal and non-orthogonal projections, corresponding to the application of the virtual work theorem or virtual power theorem respectively. The formulation is implemented within a finite element code in total Lagrangian and updated Lagrangian framework and assessment of the scheme is made by means of several numerical simulations.
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Reyes, Hidalgo Sonia. "Isotopic analysis of Paleo-diet on Skeletons from the Necropolis at Castel Sozzio, Viterbo, Italy." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31708.
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Abstract:
The discovery of a necropolis situated in the province of Viterbo in the municipality
Civitella d’Agliano, at Castel Sozzio, has given way to gain knowledge on this region’s role during
the Late Roman Period and the Early Middle Ages. There is little known about this site as it has
been excavated from 1997-1998 and then resumed for a couple of months in 2020 under the
direction of prof Emanuela Borgia (Dipartamento di Scienze dell’ Antichità, Sapienza Università
di Roma). As well as lack of material evidence, as there is still so much more to discover, there
have been no written records found about the site either. Therefore, multiple studies of the material
found at the site are of great importance. My role and contribution to this project is that of
performing Paleo-diet Analysis.
Nutrition is undoubtedly one of human beings' needs, and studying paleo-diet helps us to
establish the key food resources and their evolution over time. The information gathered will
provide us an understanding of the food and consumption of humans throughout that time period
by evaluating carbon and nitrogen levels in human samples. Knowing what kind of diet they
followed, provides insight into the resources available, as well as the climate, environment, food
chemistry processes, trade, economy, as well as social status.
A total of 25 samples were studied; 7 animal bones and 18 humans. The human samples
vary in age and include both females and males as well as children. These 25 samples were chosen
and prepared at the Laboratory of Biology of Ancient Populations headed by Prof. Alfredo Coppa.
After that, they were then chemically analyzed at the Laboratory of Paleoanthropology and
Bioarchaeology led by Professor Giorgio Manzi and Mary-Anne Tafuri who runs the Isotopic
Laboratory in Sapienza University, as well. 24 out of the 25 samples were ready for the isotopic
mass spectrometry analyses which took place at Iso-Analytical Limited Laboratory in the United
Kingdom.
The findings will provide us with information about a significant portion of Castel
Sozzio's population. These discoveries will inevitably lead to new questions, revealing more and
more about life in Civitella d’Agliano
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Magee, David Douglas. "Comparative analysis of neural networks and traditional actuarial methods for estimating casualty insurance reserve liability /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Silvério, Filipe Miguel Paulo. "Previsão da produção em duas castas brancas: análise da variabilidade espacial e das relações entre componentes do rendimento." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10890.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaYield prediction determines an essential competitive advantage in viticulture. There are many methods to predict the yield, being the one based on yield components the most used. Recently there have been many studies for the purpose of maximize prediction efficiency exploring the automated yield prediction with autonomous vehicles. This work aims to estimate the yield of two white varieties using the based on yield components method to evaluate their usefulness in image analysis. For this purpose, two samples of 30 vines of Alvarinho and Viosinho were selected to quantify their yield components during their cultural cycle of 2015. Despite Viosinho have been more productive, in a general way both varieties showed a spatial variability of the same magnitude order (C.V. between 10 and 40%), being the inflorescence number, the flower buds number and the cluster number the ones which showed a greater variability. After the elaboration of relationships between those yield components, three mathematical models were created to predict the production per vine, the cluster weight and the berry number. In the first model the inflorescence number allowed to explain about 78% of the variability of production per vine in Alvarinho, enabling an anticipation of the forecast compared to the model based on the cluster number. In the second model the cluster volume (Alvarinho) and the berry weight (Viosinho) explained practically all the variability of cluster weight (R2 = 99%), while in the third model the cluster weight explained most of the percentage of variability of the berry number (R2 = 95%) in both varieties. The pre-image analysis showed the existence of high correlated coefficients between the different measured variables, allowing to predict the use of this tool to estimate the yield components
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Dal, Bó Giuliano. "Métodos numéricos não convencionais na abordagem dinâmica em cascas de revolução com simetria axial de forças." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2017. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/3391.
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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar e verificar uma série de métodos de análise numérica não convencional em relação ao método de elementos finitos (MEF) utilizado comercialmente. Inicialmente é realizada uma revisão bibliográfica para posterior construção do referencial teórico. Dentre os itens abordados neste referencial teórico estão uma breve descrição e histórico de vasos de pressão, método MEFG (Elementos Finitos Degenerados), o método H-FEM (Elementos Finitos de Hermite), método Stable GFEM (Metódo de Elementos Finitos Generalizados com Estabilização) e o método FEM B-Spline (Método de Elementos Finitos B-Spline). No referencial teórico é construído todo equacionamento de cada método numérico para posterior programação de cada um no programa Matlab®. Os resultados gerados abordam os estudos dos efeitos de travamento devido ao esforço cisalhante sobre a primeira frequência natural em placas circulares, análise dos efeitos de regularidade dos espaços de aproximação obtidos segundo os métodos citados anteriormente, estudo do erro relativo das frequências naturais em relação à solução de referência para um intervalo definido por 50% dos primeiros modos aproximados numericamente e estudos dos efeitos de vibração forçada produzido por forças de impulso aplicadas no plano de simetria radial de cascas de revolução cilíndricas e esféricas.Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2017-12-21T15:44:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Giuliano Dal Bo.pdf: 3294643 bytes, checksum: 742c8293ac6ba8ba355ce97b1c4fcebe (MD5)
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This dissertation has as objective presents and checks a series of non-conventional methods for numerical analysis in comparison with the finite element method (FEM) applied commercially. Initially is performed a bibliographic revision for a posterior building of theoretical reference. Among the approached items of this theoretical reference are a quick description and history about pressure vessels, GFEM method, H-FEM method, Stable GFEM method and FEM B-Spline method. On the theoretical reference is built all equation basis of each method for posterior programming of each one in the software Matlab®. The generated results approaches the studies of locking due shear forces in circular plates under the first natural frequency, analysis of approximation spaces regularity obtained according to the methods cited before, study of relative error of natural frequencies than the reference solution for an interval of 50% of first modes numerically approximated and studies of effects due forced vibration generated by impulse forces applied in the radial symmetric plan of cylindrical shells and spheres.
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Withee, Jon E. "Deterministic casualty analysis of the pebble bed modular reactor for use with risk-based safety regulation." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/3073.
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The resurgence of interest in the use of nuclear technology for electrical power production has resulted in a desire to improve the existing licensing structure. Improving the licensing structure will result in reduced design time and cost for new reactor plants. An improved regulatory process is also necessary in order to license advanced reactors that are not light water technology. Risk based reactor licensing, which uses the Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) to justify most licensing questions, is a proposed replacement for the current methods. This work further develops the risk-based regulatory process by analyzing a portion of a new reactor concept. A reactor similar to the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) is the design chosen for the analyses. The designers of the PBMR assert that the reactor's inherently safe design justifies the use of a non-standard containment system. This assertion can be treated as a design question to be justified using the risk-based approach. The effect of the changing the containment system is incorporated into the PRA for the PBMR. The contributions to the event and fault trees of the PBMR are determined for two casualties that affect the plants decay heat removal system. The initiating event for both of these casualties is assumed to be a beyond design basis earthquake.
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Withee, Jon E. (Jon Erek) 1970. "Deterministic casualty analysis of the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor for use with risk-based safety regulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8133.
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Thesis (S.M. in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-78).
The resurgence of interest in the use of nuclear technology for electrical power production has resulted in a desire to improve the existing licensing structure. Improving the licensing structure will result in reduced design time and cost for new reactor plants. An improved regulatory process is also necessary in order to license advanced reactors that are not light water technology. Risk based reactor licensing, which uses the Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) to justify most licensing questions, is a proposed replacement for the current methods. This work further develops the risk-based regulatory process by analyzing a portion of a new reactor concept. A reactor similar to the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) is the design chosen for the analyses. The designers of the PBMR assert that the reactor's inherently safe design justifies the use of a non-standard containment system. This assertion can be treated as a design question to be justified using the risk-based approach. The effect of the changing the containment system is incorporated into the PRA for the PBMR. The contributions to the event and fault trees of the PBMR are determined for two casualties that affect the plants decay heat removal system. The initiating event for both of these casualties is assumed to be a beyond design basis earthquake. The first casualty is steam blanketing of the reactor vessel due to a rupture in the Reactor Cavity Cooling System (RCCS). This casualty is shown to have little effect on the safety of the plant. The second casualty was failure of the RCCS due to operator inaction. If this casualty were to occur the reactor vessel has the possibility of failing catastrophically. The failure of the reactor vessel could result in damage to the fuel and release of radionuclides. The probability of this casualty resulting in a significant release of radionuclides is 7.5-10-11 / year. For the two casualties evaluated in this work, the use of a non-standard containment is justified.
by Jon E. Withee.
S.M.
S.M.in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering
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Ota, Nadia Suemi Nobre. "O elemento finito T6-3i na análise de placas e dinâmica de cascas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3144/tde-23062016-162053/.
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O método dos elementos finitos é o método numérico mais difundido na análise de estruturas. Ao longo das últimas décadas foram formulados inúmeros elementos finitos para análise de cascas e placas. As formulações de elementos finitos lidam bem com o campo de deslocamentos, mas geralmente faltam testes que possam validar os resultados obtidos para o campo das tensões. Este trabalho analisa o elemento finito T6-3i, um elemento finito triangular de seis nós proposto dentro de uma formulação geometricamente exata, em relação aos seus resultados de tensões, comparando-os com as teorias analíticas de placas, resultados de tabelas para o cálculo de momentos em placas retangulares e do ANSYSr, um software comercial para análise estrutural, mostrando que o T6-3i pode apresentar resultados insatisfatórios. Na segunda parte deste trabalho, as potencialidades do T6-3i são expandidas, sendo proposta uma formulação dinâmica para análise não linear de cascas. Utiliza-se um modelo Lagrangiano atualizado e a forma fraca é obtida do Teorema dos Trabalhos Virtuais. São feitas simulações numéricas da deformação de domos finos que apresentam vários snap-throughs e snap-backs, incluindo domos com vincos curvos, mostrando a robustez, simplicidade e versatilidade do elemento na sua formulação e na geração das malhas não estruturadas necessárias para as simulações.The Finite Element Method (FEM) is the numerical method most commonly used in structural analysis. A number of shell and plate finite elements has been suggested in the last decades. Finite element formulations deal well with the displacements field, but they usually lack tests that can validate the results obtained for the stress field. This work analyzes the finite element T6-3i, a six-nodes triangular finite element derived from a geometrically exact theory, regarding its stress results, comparing them with analytic plate theories, results from tables of moments in rectangular plates and from ANSYSr, a commercial software for structural analysis, showing that T6-3i can present unsatisfactory results. In the second part of this work, the T6-3i potentialities are expanded as a dynamic formulation for nonlinear shell analysis is proposed. An updated Lagrangian framework has been used and the weak form is obtained from the Principle of VirtualWork. Several numerical examples of folding a thin dome, which present various snap-throughs and snap-backs are presented, including creased shells, showing the robustness, simplicity and versatility of the element formulation and in generation of the unstructured curved meshes indispensable for the simulations.
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Ferreira, Antônio Mário 1965. "Análise numérica e experimental da ação do vento em estruturas em cascas de formas livres." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258654.
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Orientador: Isaias VizottoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: Este trabalho realiza uma análise numérica e experimental do comportamento de estruturas em cascas de formas livres sob a ação do vento. Inicialmente foram gerados modelos computacionais de formas otimizadas, sendo uma casca de planta pentagonal e outra hexagonal. Na sequência foram construídos modelos físicos reduzidos em laboratório e submetidos a uma série de ensaios em túnel de vento. E, finalmente foram realizadas simulações numéricas dessas estruturas submetidas à ação do vento utilizando o programa computacional ANSYS-CFX do Laboratório de Informática da FEC-UNICAMP. Os modelos físicos reduzidos analisados foram gerados utilizando o software ANSYS e o programa computacional desenvolvido por Vizotto (1993), e construídos no Laboratório de Automação e Prototipagem para Arquitetura e Construção (LaPAC) da FEC-UNICAMP, utilizando inicialmente isopor de alta densidade, que foi posteriormente empregado para execução de fôrmas de concreto armado para moldar os modelos finais em material composto por fibra de vidro e resina, para serem ensaiados no túnel de vento do Laboratório de Conforto Ambiental e Física Aplicada (LaCAF) da FEC-UNICAMP. Os testes no túnel de vento do LaCAF foram realizados em dezesseis fases, sendo compostas por análises para obtenção dos coeficientes de pressão externa e interna, com ventos em regime laminar e turbulento, a 0º e 36º para a casca com forma de planta pentagonal, e a 0º e 30º para a casca com forma de planta hexagonal. Para análises por meio de simulação fluidodinâmica computacional pelo ANSYS-CFX, foi realizada inicialmente uma análise comparativa para os resultados dos coeficientes de pressões externas de um modelo de cúpula sobre o terreno da NBR 6123:1988. O software ANSYS-CFX demonstrou ótima eficiência na configuração realizada, apresentando resultados muito próximos aos da norma brasileira, e essa configuração também foi utilizada na validação física entre os ensaios no túnel de vento e as simulações pelo ANSYS-CFX. É sugerida a utilização dos dados finais na elaboração de normas específicas e uma configuração adequada e segura dentro das características consideradas para a utilização do software ANSYS-CFX como ferramenta para obtenção de coeficientes de pressões
Abstract: This work performs a numerical and experimental analysis of behavior of structures in free form shells about wind action. At first, computational models were generated in optimized forms, being one shell of pentagonal shape and another one hexagonal. After this, reduced physical models were built in laboratory and subjected to several tests in the tunnel of wind. Finally, numerical analyzes of these structures subjected to wind action were achieved using ANSYS computational program from FEC-UNICAMP computer laboratory. Two reduced physical models were analyzed, using the software ANSYS and the computational program that was developed by VIZOTTO I. (1993), and built at the Laboratory of Automation and Prototyping for Architecture and Construction site (LaPAC) from FECUNICAMP. The techniques: one hexagonal and another pentagonal, both made, at first, with Styrofoam in large dense, that was applied to execution of forms of concrete to be sculptured and finalized as a material composed of glass fiber and resin for future test in the wind tunnel at (LaCAF) from FEC-UNICAMP Environmental Comfort and Applied Physics Laboratory. The tests at the wind tunnel from LaCAF were made into sixteen phases, composed by analysis to obtain the coefficients of outside and inside pressure with wind in turbulent and laminar state, at 0º and 30º for hexagonal shape and turbulent and laminar, at 0º and 36º for pentagonal shape. To analyze by simulation computational fluid dynamics by ANSYS-CFX, at first were achieved a comparative analysis to the results of coefficients of outside pressure from a model of dome on the land from NBR 6123:1980. The software ANSYS-CFX showed an excellent efficiency on the made configuration, showing results very closed to the Brazilian rule, and this configuration also was used in the physical validation between the tests at wind tunnel and the simulations by ANSYS-CFX. It is suggested the usage of final data on specific standard preparation and safe configuration for ANSYS software application as a tool to achieve pressure coefficients
Doutorado
Estruturas
Doutor em Engenharia Civil
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McKinley, David W. "The true word of God? Caspar Schwenckfeld and the doctrine of Scripture : a reformed analysis of his spiritualist understanding /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p036-0355.
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Kerdpholngarm, Chayanin. "Analysis of Pricing and Reserving Risks with Applications in Risk-Based Capital Regulation for Property/Casualty Insurance Companies." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rmi_diss/20.
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The subject of the study for this dissertation is the relationship between pricing and reserving risks for property-casualty insurance companies. Since the risk characteristics of insurers differ based on their structure, objectives and incentives, segmenting the insurers into subgroups would allow for a better understanding of group-specific risks. Based on this approach to analyzing insurer financial risks, we find that, in a given accident year, the pricing and reserving errors are positively correlated, especially in long-tailed lines of business. Large insurers, stock insurers, and multi-state insurers, in general, exhibit a strong correlation between accident-year price and reserve errors. However, only size of insurers appears to be a factor that influences the interaction between price changes and the calendar year loss reserve adjustments. Furthermore, we find that the pricing risk and reserving risk are marginally more homogenous within a market segment when size, type and number of states are employed as criteria for market segmentation, hence insurance regulators should consider the refined market segments for the RBC formula. The empirical results also indicate that, in general, Chain-Ladder reserving method likely contributes to loss reserve errors when there is a change in the loss development pattern and the magnitude of the errors is worse for large insurers. Finally, we find that our proposed measurement method for the product diversification benefit provides support for the notion that the diversification benefit on the incurred losses increases with the number of lines in the portfolio. Yet, the diminishing returns tend to decrease the diversification benefit on the incurred losses for insurers that write the business in more than six of the selected lines. To the contrary, our proposed measure does not provide clear evidence that writing business in many product lines increases the product diversification benefit with respect to adverse loss development. We do find that the diversification benefit for both incurred losses and loss development is higher for larger insurers. Hence, for risk management and regulatory purposes, a stronger case can be made for considering firm size than product diversification.
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Sampaio, Maria do Socorro Martins. "Análise não linear geométrica de cascas laminadas reforçadas com fibras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-14032014-153137/.
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Em geral, as formulações disponíveis na literatura para a análise de cascas laminadas reforçadas com fibras substituem o meio original heterogêneo por um homogêneo equivalente, que dificulta a identificação das tensões fibra-matriz, ou requerem que a malha de elementos finitos seja disposta de modo que os nós dos elementos finitos de fibra coincidam com os nós dos elementos finitos de casca, que é uma exigência bastante restritiva e que aumenta o número de graus de liberdade do sistema de equações resultante. Neste sentido, o objetivo geral desta tese consiste em desenvolver uma formulação para a inclusão de fibras longas e curtas aleatórias nas diversas lâminas de cascas laminadas anisotrópicas com não linearidade geométrica utilizando o método dos elementos finitos sem aumentar o número de graus de liberdade do sistema de equações resultante e sem a necessidade de coincidência de nós na discretização das fibras e da matriz. Nesta formulação, o elemento finito triangular de casca laminada utilizado para discretizar a matriz possui dez nós e sete graus de liberdade por nó, sendo três translações, três componentes do vetor generalizado e a taxa de variação linear da deformação ao longo da espessura. As fibras curvas, curtas aleatórias ou longas, são introduzidas, em qualquer camada do laminado, por meio de relações cinemáticas que garantem sua aderência à matriz sem a introdução de novos graus de liberdade no sistema de equações resultante. Para discretizá-las são utilizados elementos finitos unidimensionais de ordem qualquer com três graus de liberdade por nó e que consideram consistentemente a não linearidade geométrica. Todas as grandezas envolvidas são escritas em relação à configuração inicial do corpo, caracterizando a descrição Lagrangeana total ou material do movimento. Para modelar o comportamento do material adota-se a Lei Constitutiva de Saint-Venant-Kirchhoff que relaciona de forma linear o tensor de tensões de Piolla-Kirchhoff de segunda espécie e o tensor de deformações de Green-Lagrange. O equilíbrio é encontrado a partir do Princípio da Mínima Energia Potencial Total e o sistema não linear de equações resultante é resolvido utilizando-se o procedimento iterativo de Newton-Raphson. As ações externas podem ser introduzidas ao sistema de forma total ou incremental e a contribuição das fibras para a energia do sistema é adicionada na matriz global do problema. Os exemplos numéricos testados validam e demonstram as potencialidades da formulação proposta.In general, the Finite Element (FE) formulations available in the literature for the analysis of fibre reinforced laminated shells replace the original heterogeneous medium by an equivalent homogeneous one, which makes difficult the identification of fiber-matrix stress distribution, or require that the finite element mesh is arranged in a way that the fibre finite element nodes coincide with the shell finite element ones, which is a very restrictive requirement and increases the number of degrees of freedom of the resulting system of equations. In this sense, the objective of this thesis is to develop a formulation for the inclusion of long and random short fibres in any layer of FE laminated anisotropic shells developing large displacement and rotations without increasing the number of degrees of freedom and the necessity of matching nodes in the discretization of the fibre and the matrix. In this formulation, the triangular laminated shell finite element used to discretize the matrix has ten nodes and seven degrees of freedom per node, that are, three translations, three components of a generalized vector and the linear rate of strain variation along the thickness. The curved fibres, long or random short, are introduced in any layer of the laminate shell by means of kinematic relation to ensure its adherence to the matrix without introducing new degrees of freedom in the resulting system of equations. To discretize them, any order one-dimensional finite elements with three degrees of freedom per node are used. These fibres elements are consistently considered by Geometric nonlinearity. All involved variables are written with respect to the initial configuration of the body, characterizing the Total Lagrangian description. To model the behavior of the material we use the Saint-VenantKirchhoff Constitutive Law that relates linearly the second Piolla-Kirchhoff stress tensor and Green-Lagrange strain tensor. The equilibrium is achieved from the Principle of Minimum Potential Energy and the non-linear system of equations is solved by the Newton-Raphson iterative procedure. External loads may be introduced to the system by one or various steps and the contribution of fibres to the energy of the system is added to the global matrix of the problem. The numerical examples validate and demonstrate the potential of the proposed formulation.
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Rodrigues, Lara. "Uma introdução à influência da interação modal nas oscilações não lineares de cascas cilíndricas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3132.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The aim of this work is to investigate the interaction and modal coupling phenomena on the nonlinear vibrations of simply supported cylindrical shell subject to both harmonic axial and lateral loads. The equations of motion of the cylindrical shell are deduced from their energy functionals and the strain field is based on the nonlinear Donnell shallow shell theory. Finally, the problem is reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by the application of the standard Galerkin method. The modal expansion that describes the transverse displacement of the shell is obtained by applying perturbation techniques, which identifies the importance of each term in the modal expansion by the power of the perturbation parameter. The Karhunen-Loève method is applied in order to verify the importance of each term in the modal expansion, quantifying the contribution of each of these terms in the total energy of the system. The starting solution used in the perturbation procedure contains two modes of vibration with the same natural frequency and their respective companion modes, yielding a modal expansion able to describe the modal interaction between these two modes. Then, the influence of modal interaction on the nonlinear behavior of the cylindrical shell, subjected to both lateral and axial harmonic load is studied. From the analysis of the resonance curves, the parametric instability and escape boundaries, the bifurcation diagrams, the basins of attraction and phase portraits of the cylindrical shell is possible to identify situations in which the consideration of modal interaction is necessary.
Neste trabalho estudam-se as vibrações não lineares de cascas cilíndricas simplesmente apoiadas sujeitas a um carregamento lateral e a um carregamento axial, ambos harmônicos, com o objetivo de se analisar fenômenos como o acoplamento e a interação modal. As equações de movimento da casca cilíndrica são deduzidas a partir de seus funcionais de energia. O campo de deformações da casca cilíndrica é descrito com base na teoria não linear de Donnell para cascas esbeltas e o problema é reduzido a um sistema de equações diferenciais ordinárias não lineares a partir da aplicação do método de Galerkin. As expansões modais que descrevem o campo de deslocamento transversal da casca são obtidas através da aplicação do método da perturbação, que identifica a importância de cada termo da expansão modal a partir da potência do parâmetro de perturbação. O método de Karhunen-Loève é aplicado a fim de se verificar a importância de cada termo da expansão modal, quantificando a participação de cada um desses termos na energia total do sistema. Utilizam-se, como solução inicial do método da perturbação, dois modos de vibração com frequência natural igual e com seus respectivos companion modes, obtendo-se uma expansão modal capaz de descrever a interação modal entre esses dois modos. Em seguida, analisa-se a influência da interação modal no comportamento não linear da casca cilíndrica submetidas a cargas laterais e axiais harmônicas. A partir da análise das curvas de ressonância, das fronteiras de instabilidade paramétrica, dos diagramas de bifurcação, das bacias de atração e dos planosfase da casca cilíndrica é possível identificar em quais situações de carregamento a consideração da interação modal se faz necessária.
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França, Francimary da Silva. "O sagrado mercantilizado em Deus Mix e O Shopping de Deus de Luís Augusto Cassas." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/1805.
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Previous issue date: 2012-04-12Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Taking as an object of literary text analysis that is place of representation of reality and at the same time considering it as a speech which builds on others, this work seeks to highlight the literary discourse as a constituent that talks to a variety of areas, including the socio-cultural reality. In this sense, this research highlights issues relating to representation of the literature that operated inside will bring up a dialogue between the discourse of Christian religion and the theme of the commodification of the sacred. The survey presents a study of the content contained in the poems of theological Luis Augusto Cassas, and discusses the relation this analysis of poems in the works identified search certain figures lining in the literary text of sacred thematic commoditization. For both the use of intertextual and interdiscursive process analysis based on the studies of Maingueneau (1993/2004) and Fiorin (1994/2008), the first which proposes the study of literary text from its heterogeneous and Dialogic Dynamics property of language, the second by proposing an analysis of phenomena that constitute the speeches, and the senses. We believe that this property of language and text to be produced in constant dialogue within the culture reveals the relationship of literary text with theological discourses, with theological texts, with religious discourse-oriented themes. We support theoretically in the studies of Brandão (2003/2008), Magalhães (2000/2008) and Barcellos (2001), from which we understand how Literature and theology connect long ago through the texts. Here, finally, as the sacred that is present in the poems of the human faces of Cassas represents in its relationship with the sacred and the profane and the new contemporaneously transformations within the religious culture, as this relationship of duality of man, often divided between God and world, the work of Cassas integrate, revealing a relationship between marketing true and holy man, an intense negotiation by grace, while making a set of human relations by the religious precepts of the market.
Tomando como objeto de análise o texto literário que é lugar de representação da realidade e ao mesmo tempo considerando-o como um discurso que se constrói em relação a outros, este trabalho busca ressaltar o discurso literário como constituinte que dialoga com diversas áreas, dentre as quais a da realidade sociocultural. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa põe em destaque questões relativas à representação operadas no interior da literatura que trazem à tona um diálogo entre o discurso da religião cristã e o tema da mercatilização do sagrado. A pesquisa apresenta um estudo do conteúdo teológico contido em poemas de Luís Augusto Cassas, e discute as relações entre literatura e teologia configuradas nos poemas de dois de seus livros, Deus Mix: salmos energéticos de açaí com guaraná e Cassis e O shopping de Deus & a alma do negócio. Nesta análise dos poemas busca-se identificar nas obras determinadas figuras que revestem no texto literário a temática da mercantilização do sagrado. Para tanto nos utilizamos da análise de processos intertextuais e interdiscursivos tomando como base os estudos de Maingueneau (1993/2004) e Fiorin (1994/2008), o primeiro que propõe o estudo do texto literário a partir de sua propriedade dialógica e heterogênea da linguagem, o segundo por propor uma análise dos fenômenos que constituem os discursos, e os sentidos. Entendemos que esta propriedade da linguagem e do texto de ser produzida em diálogo constante dentro da cultura revela a relação do texto literário com discursos teológicos, com textos teológicos, com temáticas voltadas para o discurso religioso. Nos apoiamos teoricamente nos estudos de Brandão (2003/2008), Magalhães (2000/2008) e Barcellos (2001), a partir dos quais entendemos como Literatura e a Teologia se conectam há muito tempo através dos textos. Apresentamos, por fim, como o sagrado que se faz presente nos poemas de Cassas representa as faces do humano em sua relação com o sagrado e com o profano e as novas transformações ocorridas contemporaneamente no âmbito da cultura religiosa, como esta relação de dualidade do homem, muitas vezes dividido entre Deus e o mundo, na obra de Cassas se integram, revelando uma relação mercadológica entre o(a) fiel homem e o sagrado, numa intensa negociação pela graça, e ao mesmo tempo numa tomada do humano que configura as relações religiosas pelos preceitos do mercado.
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Mirra, Inês Martins Pereira. "Influência das diferentes granulometrias na composição química das cascas de Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Betula pendula Roth, Picea abies (L.) Karst, Pinus sylvestris L. e Pinus pinea L." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4187.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe goal of this report is to characterize the bark of five industrially important forest species in Europe - Eucalyptus globulus, Betula pendula, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris e Pinus pinea and to define their potential use as a source of value added chemical products. It was performed the anatomical characterization of bark tissues (dissociated elements), the selective fractionation (size distribution, characterization of particle shape, separation of density and determination of bulk density), the average of basic chemical composition and particle size of three reference fractions (ash, extractives, suberin, Klason lignin, acid soluble lignin, holocellulose and 1% NaOH extraction). The anatomical study shows that there is no differential separation of the cellular elements of the tissues of the bark in seven particle size fractions. The physical process of fractioning showed that, for all barks, over 50% of the mass of material consisted of coarse particles with 6 mm average diameter. On the other hand, there was no direct correlation between the values of bulk density and particle diameter. It has only been possible to separate the birch bark and scots pine by difference in density fluctuations in water. The mean values of the chemical composition brought out that the barks of softwood showed higher content of total extractives, lignin and yield of 1% NaOH extraction. Considering the three different particle size fractions, the fine fraction showed a higher content of ash, total extractives and 1% NaOH extraction. There was no significant change in the content of suberin and holocellulose.
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Brujas, Marco Antonio. "Análise numérica e experimental dos efeitos da não-uniformidade da espessura em cascas finas cilíndricas rotativas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3144/tde-08082007-165939/.
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Cascas cilíndricas circulares com uma pequena variação de espessura ao longo de seu comprimento, quando submetidas à rotação, apresentam em alguns casos, deslocamentos elásticos de sua superfície externa, tendendo a uma forma de um oval. O objetivo deste trabalho é estabelecer a relação entre a variação de espessura das cascas cilíndricas com a sua deformação devida às forças centrífugas medida durante a rotação utilizando-se dois enfoques, um experimental e outro numérico, no caso o método de elementos finitos (MEF). As cascas cilíndricas estudadas tiveram sua espessura de parede medidas por meio de aparelho de ultra-som, mas por serem fabricadas em ferro fundido cinzento, as suas lamelas de grafita atuam como refletores, o que torna a medição imprecisa. Os resultados da análise numérica encontrados se relacionam bem com os experimentais de maneira qualitativa, mas divergem na forma quantitativa. Modelos de cascas com variação de espessura imposta também foram criados e analisados usando-se o método de elementos finitos de forma a se avaliar o comportamento da casca cilíndrica sob diversas configurações de distribuição da variação da espessura. Sugere-se a pesquisa de novas tecnologias para medições por ultra-som de peças fabricadas de ferro fundido com grafita lamelar. Neste trabalho, a medição da forma oval foi feita utilizando-se sensores de proximidade do tipo \"eddy-current\".Circular cylindrical shells with small thickness variations along their body, when submitted to rotation, present, in some cases, elastic displacements of their outside surface induced by centrifugal forces leading to final oval like shapes. The main purpose of this study is to establish relationships between thickness variation of the cylindrical shells with their measured deformation during the rotation, due to centrifugal forces, using two approaches, one experimental and the other one numerical, in the latter case the finite element method (FEM). The studied cylindrical shells had their wall thickness measured by means of an ultrasound device. The used material is flake graphite cast iron (gray cast iron). The graphite flakes act as reflectors, what makes such measurements imprecise. The numerical results found are satisfactory in a qualitative way, but they disagree in the quantitative form. Shell models with theoretical imperfections also were created and analyzed using the finite element method in order to evaluate the behavior of the cylindrical shell under several configurations of distribution of the shell thickness variation. Further research is necessary on new technologies to measure the thickness of pieces manufactured of flake graphite cast iron. In this research, the oval shape measurements were done by means of eddy-current proximity sensors.
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Graham, Daniel Joseph. "Dose-response quantification via mixed mean response and generalised propensity score models with application in the analysis of casualty count data." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/39838.
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This thesis is concerned with quantification of dose-response relationships for continuous exposures using causal inference methods based on the potential outcomes framework. The thesis applies and develops causal techniques in a longitudinal case study of the effect of area-based deprivation on the incidence of Child Pedestrian Casualties (CPCs) in Britain. There are four main contributory chapters of the thesis. The first investigates the link between socioeconomic deprivation and the incidence of CPCs using spatial longitudinal Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) estimated using frequentist and Bayesian approaches. The chapter addresses issues of confounding, spatial dependence, and transmission of deprivation effects across zones (i.e. interference). The second analytical chapter develops a flexible mixed model propensity score (PS) approach to estimate average treatment effects (ATEs). Analytical results and simulations show that such an approach can be useful in capturing unobserved confounding but can also involve more extensive conditioning than is strictly necessary for causal comparison, with implications for viable sample selection and for the efficiency of ATE estimation. The third contribution constructs a semiparametric double robust (DR) estimator for continuous treatment effects. This is achieved by augmenting an outcome regression (OR) model with inverse PS covariates to obtain DR point estimates of ATEs at various doses. A penalized spline regression is then fitted to these point estimates to derive a semiparametric approximation to the dose-response. Simulations show that this DR model can provide a good approximation to linear or nonlinear dose-response functions under various sources of misspecification of the OR or PS models. Finally, the thesis proposes an approximate Bayesian version of the DR estimator. This is achieved by specifying Dirichlet prior weights for the parameters of the PS augmented OR model, and by repeatedly estimating the weighted model to build up posterior predictive distributions that are shown to be DR for ATEs.
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Ridgeway, Julia B. "An analysis of changes in stream temperature due to forest harvest practices using DHSVM-RBM." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2019. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2093.
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Forest harvesting has been shown to cause various changes in water quantity and water quality parameters, highlighting the need for comprehensive forest practice rules. Studies show a myriad of impacts to ecosystems as a result of watershed level changes, such as forest harvesting. Being able to better understand the impact that forest harvesting can have on stream temperature is especially critical in locations where federally threatened or endangered fish species are located. The overall goal of this research project is to assess responses in stream temperature to various riparian and forest harvest treatments in a maritime, mountainous environment. The results of this study aim to inform decision makers with additional information pertaining to the effects of forest harvest on water temperature. Modeling is done as a part of the third Caspar Creek Paired Experimental Watershed study. Located in Mendocino County, the site provides a place for California researchers and decision makers to learn about the cumulative watershed effects of forest management operations on peak flows, sediment production, anadromous fish, macro-invertebrate communities, nutrient cycling and more. Historic data was used to calibrate the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM) and River Basin Model (RBM) to measured stream temperatures in the South Fork of Caspar Creek (SFC) for hydrologic years 2010-2016. Critical summer time periods, when temperatures are highest and flows are low, are the primary concern for this work. The key modeling scenarios evaluated were (1) varying percentages of Watercourse and Lake Protection Zones (WLPZ) canopy cover, (2) the 2018-2019 SFC forest harvest and (3) an experimental design converting dominant riparian vegetation along 300-yard stream reaches. Modeling results showed that stream temperatures begin to rise above third-growth conditions when canopy cover is reduced to 25% and 0% retention levels. Larger increases in Maximum Weekly Maximum Temperature (MWMT) values, compared to Maximum Weekly Average Temperature (MWAT) values, were seen across all scenarios. There was essentially no difference between altering buffer areas along only class I streams, compared to along all stream classes. At the 0% canopy retention, MWMT values consistently rose above recommended thermal limits for Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and state regulations prohibiting more than a 5 degree F increase in waters. Clearcutting the entire watershed produced less of an effect than simulations clearing on only the riparian area, suggesting that groundwater inflows act to mitigate stream temperature rises in the SFC. The 2018-2019 harvest showed a relatively consistent increase in MWAT values (avg. 0.11 degree C) and more varied increases in MWMT values (avg. 0.32 degree C). Simulations converting dominant riparian vegetation by clearing could not be considered conclusive due to sensitivity analyses suggesting potentially unrealistic tracking of downstream temperatures. Additional sensitivity analyses suggest that tree height and the monthly extinction coefficient (a function of Leaf Area Index) are most influential on stream temperature changes in SFC. This is consistent with other modeling studies and suggests stream temperature management focus on tall, dense buffers as opposed to wider buffer widths.
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Nayak, Soumya Sambit. "Continuum Analytical Shape Sensitivity Analysis of 1-D Elastic Bar." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101764.
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In this thesis, a continuum sensitivity analysis method is presented for calculation of shape sensitivities of an elastic bar. The governing differential equations and boundary conditions for the elastic bar are differentiated with respect to the shape design parameter to derive the continuum sensitivity equations. The continuum sensitivity equations are linear ordinary differential equations in terms of local or material shape design derivatives, otherwise known as shape sensitivities. One of the novelties of this work is the derivation of three variational formulations for obtaining shape sensitivities, one in terms of the local sensitivity and two in terms of the material sensitivity. These derivations involve evaluating (a) the variational form of the continuum sensitivity equations, or (b) the sensitivity of the variational form of the analysis equations. We demonstrate their implementation for various combinations of design velocity and global basis functions. These variational formulations are further solved using finite element analysis. The order of convergence of each variational formulation is determined by comparing the sensitivity solutions with the exact solutions for analytical test cases. This research focusses on 1-D structural equations. In future work, the three variational formulations can be derived for 2-D and 3-D structural and fluid domains.Master of Science
When solving an optimization problem, the extreme value of the performance metric of interest is calculated by tuning the values of the design variables. Some optimization problems involve shape change as one of the design variables. Change in shape leads to change in the boundary locations. This leads to a change in the domain definition and the boundary conditions. We consider a 1-D structural element, an elastic bar, for this study. Subsequently, we demonstrate a method for calculating the sensitivity of solution (e.g. displacement at a point) to change in the shape (length for 1-D case) of the elastic bar. These sensitivities, known as shape sensitivities, are critical for design optimization problems. We make use of continuum analytical shape sensitivity analysis to derive three variational formulations to compute these shape sensitivities. The accuracy and convergence of solutions is verified using a finite element analysis code. In future, the approach can be extended to multi-dimensional structural and fluid domain problems.
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Kult, Jakub. "Finanční analýza společnosti Casia s.r.o." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-5342.
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A financial analysis of Casia s.r.o. company conducted for years 2003 -- 2007. The thesis is conceived for managers (owners), who are involved in a further growth of the firm. Not only standard quantitative methods are used in the paper (percentage analysis, ratios, horizontal and vertical analysis of account statements, cash flow, working capital, economic value added and financial leverage calculation), but also methods for complex assessment of the company: Index IN05, Quick Test. A part of the work is also an intercompany and industry comparison. Proposals for improvements are defined in the conclusion.
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Simpson, Jessica. "Exploring Ceramic Vessel Use at Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Mexico, Through Use-Alteration Analyses." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6955.
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The Casas Grandes Valley is located in the northwestern corner of the modern state of Chihuahua, Mexico. This area falls into the greater Northwest/Southwest cultural region. Research conducted on Casas Grandes ceramics up to this point has focused on form and design in connection with burials, authority, sociopolitical organization, ceremony and ritual, communication, and identifying cultural boundaries and influences. Very little has been said about some of the everyday uses of Casas Grandes ceramics. My thesis explores the evidences of use on ceramic vessels in the Casas Grandes region during the Medio period (AD 1200-1450). I conducted a use-alteration analysis on the interiors and exteriors of 300 vessels. The purpose of this study was to examine the question: how were the vessels used by the people of Casas Grandes? These analyses suggest that the vessels were typically used for separate but not altogether distinct use activities. All vessels had some evidences of wear, regardless of vessel form, size, or decoration. The general use patterns followed some intended functional categories, with enough variety to suggest vessels were also used according to individual needs.