Relevant bibliographies by topics / Castanospermine

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Academic literature on the topic 'Castanospermine'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Castanospermine"

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St-Denis, Yves, and Tak Hang Chan. "Synthesis of 8-epi-castanospermine and 6,7,8-tri-epi-castanospermine." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 78, no. 6 (June 1, 2000): 776–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v00-043.

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8-epi-Castanospermine (11) and 6,7,8-tri-epi-castanospermine (12) were synthesized from the hydroxyproline precursor 13 which was obtained enantioselectively via an enzymatic process.Key words: castanospermine, synthesis of, enzymatic reduction, enzymatic resolution, asymmetric synthesis.
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Whitby, Kevin, Theodore C. Pierson, Brian Geiss, Kelly Lane, Michael Engle, Yi Zhou, Robert W. Doms, and Michael S. Diamond. "Castanospermine, a Potent Inhibitor of Dengue Virus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo." Journal of Virology 79, no. 14 (July 2005): 8698–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.14.8698-8706.2005.

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ABSTRACT Previous studies have suggested that α-glucosidase inhibitors such as castanospermine and deoxynojirimycin inhibit dengue virus type 1 infection by disrupting the folding of the structural proteins prM and E, a step crucial to viral secretion. We extend these studies by evaluating the inhibitory activity of castanospermine against a panel of clinically important flaviviruses including all four serotypes of dengue virus, yellow fever virus, and West Nile virus. Using in vitro assays we demonstrated that infections by all serotypes of dengue virus were inhibited by castanospermine. In contrast, yellow fever virus and West Nile virus were partially and almost completely resistant to the effects of the drug, respectively. Castanospermine inhibited dengue virus infection at the level of secretion and infectivity of viral particles. Importantly, castanospermine prevented mortality in a mouse model of dengue virus infection, with doses of 10, 50, and 250 mg/kg of body weight per day being highly effective at promoting survival (P ≤ 0.0001). Correspondingly, castanospermine had no adverse or protective effect on West Nile virus mortality in an analogous mouse model. Overall, our data suggest that castanospermine has a strong antiviral effect on dengue virus infection and warrants further development as a possible treatment in humans.
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Palamarczyk, G., and A. D. Elbein. "The effect of castanospermine on the oligosaccharide structures of glycoproteins from lymphoma cell lines." Biochemical Journal 227, no. 3 (May 1, 1985): 795–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2270795.

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The effect of castanospermine on the processing of N-linked oligosaccharides was examined in the parent mouse lymphoma cell line and in a mutant cell line that lacks glucosidase II. When the parent cell line was grown in the presence of castanospermine at 100 micrograms/ml, glucose-containing high-mannose oligosaccharides were obtained that were not found in the absence of inhibitor. These oligosaccharides bound tightly to concanavalin A-Sepharose and were eluted in the same position as oligosaccharides from the mutant cells grown in the absence or presence of the alkaloid. The castanospermine-induced oligosaccharides were characterized by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-4, by h.p.l.c. analysis, by enzymic digestions and by methylation analysis of [3H]mannose-labelled and [3H]galactose-labelled oligosaccharides. The major oligosaccharide released by endoglucosaminidase H in either parent or mutant cells grown in castanospermine was a Glc3Man7GlcNAc, with smaller amounts of Glc3Man8GlcNAc and Glc3Man9GlcNAc. On the other hand, in the absence of castanospermine the mutant produces mostly Glc2Man7GlcNAc. In addition to the above oligosaccharides, castanospermine stimulated the formation of an endoglucosaminidase H-resistant oligosaccharide in both cell lines. This oligosaccharide was characterized as a Glc2Man5GlcNAc2 (i.e., Glc(1,2)Glc(1,3)Man(1,2)Man(1,2)Man(1,3)[Man(1,6)]Man-GlcNAc-GlcNAc). Castanospermine was tested directly on glucosidase I and glucosidase II in lymphoma cell extracts by using [Glc-3H]Glc3Man9GlcNAc and [Glc-3H]Glc2Man9GlcNAc as substrates. Castanospermine was a potent inhibitor of both activities, but glucosidase I appeared to be more sensitive to inhibition.
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Tiwari, Dipak Kumar, Kishor Chandra Bharadwaj, Vedavati G. Puranik, and Dharmendra Kumar Tiwari. "Divergent total synthesis of 1,6,8a-tri-epi-castanospermine and 1-deoxy-6,8a-di-epi-castanospermine from substituted azetidin-2-one (β-lactam), involving a cascade sequence of reactions as a key step." Org. Biomol. Chem. 12, no. 37 (2014): 7389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ob00948g.

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Ratner, N., A. Elbein, M. B. Bunge, S. Porter, R. P. Bunge, and L. Glaser. "Specific asparagine-linked oligosaccharides are not required for certain neuron-neuron and neuron-Schwann cell interactions." Journal of Cell Biology 103, no. 1 (July 1, 1986): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.103.1.159.

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To determine whether specific asparagine-linked (N-linked) oligosaccharides present in cell surface glycoproteins are required for cell-cell interactions within the peripheral nervous system, we have used castanospermine to inhibit maturation of N-linked sugars in cell cultures of neurons or neurons plus Schwann cells. Maximally 10-15% of the N-linked oligosaccharides on neuronal proteins have normal structure when cells are cultured in the presence of 250 micrograms/ml castanospermine; the remaining oligosaccharides are present as immature carbohydrate chains not normally found in these glycoproteins. Although cultures were treated for 2 wk with castanospermine, cells always remained viable and appeared healthy. We have analyzed several biological responses of embryonic dorsal root ganglion neurons, with or without added purified populations of Schwann cells, in the presence of castanospermine. We have observed that a normal complement of mature, N-linked sugars are not required for neurite outgrowth, neuron-Schwann cell adhesion, neuron-induced Schwann cell proliferation, or ensheathment of neurites by Schwann cells. Treatment of neuronal cultures with castanospermine increases the propensity of neurites to fasciculate. Extracellular matrix deposition by Schwann cells and myelination of neurons by Schwann cells are greatly diminished in the presence of castanospermine as assayed by electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry, suggesting that specific N-linked oligosaccharides are required for the expression of these cellular functions.
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Wang, Ai-E., and Pei-Qiang Huang. "Efficient asymmetric syntheses of alkaloids and medicinally relevant molecules based on heterocyclic chiral building blocks." Pure and Applied Chemistry 86, no. 7 (July 22, 2014): 1227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-1210.

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AbstractIn this report, we present recent progress in synthetic methodologies based on three heterocyclic chiral building blocks developed from our laboratories. The potential of these chiral building block-based methods in the concise asymmetric synthesis of alkaloids and medicinally interesting molecules has been demonstrated by the total syntheses of 8-aza-prostaglandin E1, 11-hydroxylated analogues of the lead compounds CP-734432 and PF-04475270, (+)-castanospermine, (+)-1-epi-castanospermine, 7-deoxy-6-epi-castanospermine as well as 9-epi-sessilifoliamide J.
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Stegelmeier, B. L., R. J. Molyneux, A. D. Elbein, and L. F. James. "The Lesions of Locoweed (Astragalus mollissimus), Swainsonine, and Castanospermine in Rats." Veterinary Pathology 32, no. 3 (May 1995): 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098589503200311.

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To better characterize and compare the toxicity of and lesions produced by locoweed ( Astragalus mollissimus) with those of swainsonine and a related glycoside inhibitor, castanospermine, 55 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 11 groups of five animals each. The first eight groups were dosed via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps with swainsonine at 0,0.1,0.7,3.0,7.4, or 14.9 mg/kg/day or with castanospermine at 12.4 or 143.6 mg/kg/day for 28 days. The last three groups were fed alfalfa or locoweed pellets with swainsonine doses of 0, 0.9, or 7.2 mg/kg/day for 28 days. Swainsonine- and locoweed-treated rats gained less weight, ate less, and showed more signs of nervousness than did controls. Histologically, these animals developed vacuolar degeneration of the renal tubular epithelium, the thyroid follicular cells, and the macrophage-phagocytic cells of the lymph nodes, spleen, lung, liver, and thymus. Some rats also developed vacuolation of neurons, ependyma, adrenal cortex, exocrine pancreas, myocardial epicytes, interstitial cells, and gastric parietal cells. No differences in lesion severity or distribution were detected between animals dosed with swainsonine and those dosed with locoweed. Rats dosed with castanospermine were clinically normal; however, they developed mild vacuolation of the renal tubular epithelium, the thyroid follicular epithelium, hepatocytes, and skeletal myocytes. Special stains and lectin histochemical evaluation showed that swainsonine- and castanospermine-induced vacuoles contained mannose-rich oligosaccharides. Castanospermine-induced vacuoles also contained glycogen. These results suggest that 1) swainsonine causes lesions similar to those caused by locoweed and is probably the primary locoweed toxin; 2) castanospermine at high doses causes vacuolar changes in the kidney and thyroid gland; and 3) castanospermine intoxication results in degenerative vacuolation of hepatocytes and skeletal myocytes, similar to genetic glycogenosis.
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Machan, Theeraphan, Andrew S. Davis, Boonsom Liawruangrath, and Stephen G. Pyne. "Synthesis of castanospermine." Tetrahedron 64, no. 12 (March 2008): 2725–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2008.01.073.

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Brown, RFC, DJ Collins, LM Lagniton, RJ Smith, and NR Wong. "Aromatization Reactions of Castanospermine Tetraacetate." Australian Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 2 (1992): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9920469.

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The Polonovski reaction of castanospermine tetraacetate N-oxide with acetic anhydride gave (�)-1-acetoxy-8-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-lH-indolizinium acetate (10) by aromatization of the piperidine ring. N- Bromosuccinimide oxidation of castanospermine tetraacetate gave a low yield (4%) of (+)-2-bromo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindolizine-6,7,8-triyl triacetate (13), by aromatization of the pyrrolidine ring.
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Liu, Gang, Tian-Jun Wu, Yuan-Ping Ruan, and Pei-Qiang Huang. "A Flexible Approach to Azasugars: Asymmetric Total Syntheses of (+)-Castanospermine, (+)-7-Deoxy-6-epi-castanospermine, and (+)-1-epi-Castanospermine." Chemistry - A European Journal 16, no. 19 (April 8, 2010): 5755–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200903490.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Castanospermine"

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Rees-Jones, Sophie Camille Margaret. "Studies towards the enantioselective synthesis of (+)-castanospermine." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6359.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 198-203).
A study has been carried out on the enantioselective total synthesis of the indolizidine alkaloid (+)-castanospermine. The aim was to develop a convergent synthesis based on a C-8/C-8a disconnection. A distinguishing feature of this method is that it is non-carbohydrate-based.
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Kefalas, Panagiotis. "Synthèse d'une indolizidine hydroxylée, analogue de la castanospermine." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112340.

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Les alcaloïdes indolizidiniques polyhydroxylés comme la swainsonine et la castanospermine ont une activité remarquable vis-à-vis des glycosidases. Nous nous étions fixés comme but, la synthèse de la castanospermine et de ses épimères. Cet alcaloïde a une activité contre le virus du SIDA in vitro et également contre le virus de la grippe. Ces propriétés biologiques permettraient d'envisager une utilisation comme insecticide. Vu la ressemblance de cet alcaloïde et les sucres, il paraît évident d'utiliser des carbohydrates comme produits du départ. Le D-glucose présente une configuration convenable pour les centres C-6, C-7 et C-8 de l'alcaloïde. Dans une première approche de synthèse, nous avons étudié la formation du noyau à cinq chaînons du système indolizidinique en appliquant la chimie des α-aminonitriles sur l'aldéhyde O-1,2-isopropylidène l-α-D-xylo-pentodialdo-furanose-1,4 –issu du D-glucose - de deux façons: soit par formation de l'a-aminonitrile, N-benzylé suivie de l'introduction des carbones C-2 et C-3 par réaction de Grignard sur le nitrile et cyclisation, soit par préparation de l’a-aminonitrile portant les carbones C-2 et C-3 substitués sur la fonction amine et cyclisation. Les difficultés rencontrées au cours de cette voie nous ont contraints à l'abandonner. Dans une deuxième approche, nous avons étudié la formation du noyau indolizidinique polyhydroxylé à partir des dérivés du D-glucose, du D-xylose et du D-arabinose. On introduit les carbones C-1, C-2 et C-3 et l'oxygène en C-1 sous forme d'éther d'énol par réaction de Wittig. Ensuite, on forme une oxazine-1,2-dihydro-3, 6-2H éthoxy-4 par réaction d'hétéro-Diels-Alder avec un diénophile portant la fonction nitroso. Le dérivé du glucose ne répond pas aux conditions requises pour la suite de la synthèse à cause de la sensibilité du noyau furannique au milieu basique de la réaction de Wittig. Les dérivés du D-xylose et du D·arabinose ne portant pas le noyau furannique permettent la poursuite de cette voie. La cyclisation de l'azote de l’oxazine sur le tosylate en position terminale de la chaine d'arabinose fournit un produit bicyclique portant un hydroxyle libre en β de l'azote. En série xylose une réaction concurrentielle de l'hydroxyle secondaire en a du tosylate fournit aussi l'époxyde; cette différence de comportement est due à des effets stériques. La réduction de la double liaison et de la liaison N-O de l’oxazine en série arabinose donnent un δ-aminoalcool. Nous avons tenté trois méthodes de cyclisation déshydratante de cet aminoalcool en utilisant : i) le système PPh₃; NEt₃; CCI4 ii) le complexe de rhodium RhH (PPh₃)₄ iii) le réactif combiné, diéthylazodicarboxylate-triphénylphosphine (réaction de Mitsunobu). Seule la réaction de Mitsunobu a pu fournir le squelette du produit final en série arabinose, la méthode n'ayant pu aboutir pour des raisons stériques quand elle était appliquée au dérivé bicyclique du xylose. On obtient un seul isomère, la(1R,6R,7R,8R,8aS)-éthoxy-1,hydroxy­6;O-7,8 isopropylidène, octahydroindolizidine. La réaction de Mitsunobu s'avère stéréosélective puisque l'hydroxyle libre secondaire du noyau à six n'intervient pas à la réaction
Several attempts for the synthesis of the indolizidinic alkaloid (1S,6S,7R,8R,8aR)-1,6,7,8 tetrahydroxy-octahydroindolizine (castanospermine), a glucosidase inhibitor and of its epimers are described. The general synthetic approach was undertaken starting from sugars that have an established configuration on the carbon atoms corresponding to the C-6, C-7 and C-8 centres of the indolizidinic ring. Ln a first synthetic route we have studied the formation of the alkaloid five-member ring, through the application of α-aminonitrile chemistry on the aldehyde 1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-xylo-pentodialdo-1,4-furanose prepared from D-(+)-Glucose; either by formation of the N-benzyl,α-aminonitrile, followed by the introduction of C-2 and C-3 and cyclization, or by the synthesis of the α-aminonitrile carrying C-2 and C-3 substituted on the amine function and ring closure. The difficulties met during this route obliged us to abandon. In a second approach we have studied the formation of the polyhydroxylated indolizidinic ring starting from D-Glucose, D-Xylose and D-Arabinose derivatives; we introduce C-1, C-2 and C-3 and the oxygen on C-1 in the form of an enol ether, by Wittig reaction. Then we form a 1,2-oxazine-3,6- dihydro-2H; 4 ethoxy by Diels-Alder reaction with a dienophile carrying the nitroso function. The glucose derivative does not meet the requirements for the continuation of the synthesis, due to the sensitivity of the furan ring in the basic medium of the Wittig reaction. Cyclization of the oxazine on the tosylated sugar frame supplies a bicyclic product. Reduction of the double bond and the N-O bond of the arabinose series derivative give a δ-amino­alcohol which leads to the (1S,6S,7R,8R,8aS),1-ethoxy,6-hydroxy;7,8-O- isopropylidene octahydroindolizine(ie. A close analog of castanospermine) by dehydrative cyclization. (Mitsunobu reaction). The same reaction sequence could not be used on the bicyclic xylose derivative; the Mitsunobu reaction being inappropriate for steric reasons
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Morrison, Russell, and n/a. "The immunosuppressive properties of the oligosacchardie processing inhibitor, castanospermine." University of Canberra. Biomedical Sciences, 1993. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061020.121647.

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Castanospermine (CS) is an alkaloid isolated from the nut of the Australian chestnut tree, Castanospermum australae. It has been shown to have potent anti-inflammatory effects, as evidenced by its ability to inhibit the clinical manifestations of passively induced autoimmune encephalomyelitis and passive adjuvant arthritis in rats and the efferent phase of contact hypersensitivity in mice. The purpose of this study was to determine if CS has immunosuppressive, as well as anti-inflammatory, properties. Contact hypersensitivity in mice to picryl chloride was chosen as the in vitro model of cell mediated immune reactivity. Mice were sensitised with picryl chloride and treated with CS, at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg/day, twice daily for seven days, beginning at the time of sensitisation. Passive transfer of spleen cells from treated animals transferred significantly less contact hypersensitivity (P<0.05) to naive mice than did cells from control mice. This suggests that CS inhibited the generation of picryl chloride reactive effector cells. This inhibition was not due to a depletion of the T cell phenotype responsible for contact hypersensitivity, CD4+, as FACS analysis showed no alteration in CD4+/CD8+ ratio in CS treated mice. In vitro studies, using antigen-specific cell lines, showed that CS inhibits antigen specific T-cell proliferation in a dose dependent fashion. Studies on the kinetics of this inhibition revealed that CS inhibits an early step, before 24 hours of culture have elapsed, in the T-cell proliferative response. Experiments were designed to examine if this early event was antigen processing by the accessory cells in the culture, or an early event in T-cell replication itself. CS not only failed to inhibit the antigen processing step, but when processing was carried out in the presence of CS the subsequent T-cell proliferation was enhanced. The results also indicated that CS, when added with preprocessed antigen, was inhibiting T-cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner. Subsequent studies examining the role of several key molecules in T-cell proliferation showed that CS did not effect the expression of the receptors for IL-2 or transferrin, nor did it alter the expression of the adhesion molecules LFA-1 or ICAM-1. The precise molecular mechanism by which CS inhibits contact hypersensitivity in vivo and T-cell proliferation in vitro still remains to be determined.
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Kefalas, Panagiotis. "Synthèse asymétrique d'une indolizidine hydroxylée, analogue de la castanospermine." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614731r.

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Farrant, Elizabeth. "A novel approach to the synthesis of polyhydroxylated indolizidine alkaloids." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360718.

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Ceccon, Julien. "Synthèse totale d'alcaloïdes polyhydroxylés : la (-)-Swainsonine, la (+)-6-Epicastanospermine, la (+)-Castanospermine et la (-)-Détoxinine." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10234.

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Ce travail de thèse est consacré à la synthèse totale d'alcaloïdes polyhydroxylés naturels ayant des activités biologiques intéressantes. Ainsi, la (-)-détoxinine, un acide aminé inhabituel, la (-)-swainsonine, la (+ )-6-épicastanospennine et la (+ )-castanospermine, trois indolizidines inhibitrices de glycosidases, ont été synthétisées à partir d'un intennédiaire clé, obtenu par oxydation allylique d'un γ-lactame connu. Ce dernier a été obtenu par cycloaddition [2+2] du dichlorocétène sur un éther d'énol chiral, une méthodologie développée par notre laboratoire et fournissant un accès rapide et efficace à des γ-lactames diversement substitués en position β et γ. Les trois indolizidines naturelles ont été synthétisées en utilisant une stratégie similaire, basée sur la fonnation du squelette métathèse
This thesis concerns the total synthe sis of polyhydroxylated alkaloids of biological interest. (-)- Detoxinine, an unusual amino-acid, (- )-swainsonine, (+ )-6-epicastanospermine, and (+) castanospennine, three indolizidines that inhibit glycosidases, have been synthesized from a key intennediate, obtained by allylic oxidation of a known γ-lactam. The enantiopure y-lactam was obtained through asymmetric [2+2] cycloaddition of dichloroketene to a chiral enol ether, an approach developed in our laboratory that provides efficient access to a variety of derivatives. The fonnation of the indolizidine skeleton through ring-closing metathesis has been used to synthesize the three bicyclic natural products
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BERECIBAR, A. MAYA. "Synthese de composes apparentes a la swainsonine et a la castanospermine a partir d'hydrates de carbone." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112186.

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Cette these concerne la synthese totale de plusieurs indolizidines et quinolizidines polyhydroxylees a partir de differents hydrates de carbone. Le premier chapitre presente les differentes applications biologiques envisageables des produits naturels, leur role dans la biosynthese des n-glycoproteines et quelques-unes des syntheses decrites dans la litterature. Dans le deuxieme chapitre est developpee la strategie qui nous a permis d'aboutir a quatre indolizidines polyhydroxylees, voisines de la swainsonine, a partir de trois pentoses: le d- et le l-arabinose et le d-ribose. L'etape cle de ces syntheses est la reaction de condensation entre une imine, obtenue a partir d'un hydrate de carbone et le diene de danishefsky la base de schiff etant activee par un acide de lewis. Dans le troisieme chapitre, la strategie precedente est appliquee a la synthese de quinolizidines polyhydroxylees, proches de la castanospermine, a partir de pentoses: le l-arabinose et le d-xylose; et d'un hexose: le d-glucose. Enfin, dans le quatrieme chapitre sont presentes les premiers resultats biologiques de trois indolizidines, dont la synthese est decrite dans le second chapitre
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Chekkafi, Aïcha. "La sécrétion et la N-glycosylation des protéines du milieu de culture des suspensions cellulaires de sycomore en présence de castanospermine ou de monensine." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES043.

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Les suspensions cellulaires de sycomore (Acer pseudoplatanus) sécrètent de nombreuses protéines, dans le compartiment extracellulaire. La majorité de ces protéines sont glycosylées et présentent principalement des glycannes N-liés de type complexe. Nous avons utilisé des techniques de radiomarquage in vivo et de séquençage enzymatique couplées à des différentes techniques de chromatographies afin d'examiner l'effet de la monensine et la castanospermine sur la sécrétion et la structure des N-glycannes des protéines extracellulaires des suspensions cellulaires de sycomore. Nous avons montré que la monensine perturbe la biosynthèse des N-glycannes et provoque l'accumulation des oligosaccharides immatures N-liés aux glycoprotéines du milieu extracellulaire de cellules de sycomore. Par contre, la castanospermine bloque la maturation des N-glycannes et n'affecte pas l'accumulation des protéines neosynthétisées dans le compartiment extracellulaire. Ces résultats suggèrent que les cellules de sycomore traitées par la castanospermine synthétisent des glycoprotéines portant un oligosaccharide unique de structure Glc3 Man7 GlcNAc2 par inhibition de l'activité de l'α-glucosidase I dans le RE
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Sibley, A. William. "Slaframine, australines and castanospermines." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363593.

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Labbé-Giguère, Nancy. "Synthèse stéréosélective de pipéridines et d'indolizidines polyhydroxylés : application vers la synthèse de la (+)- castanospermine." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17986.

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Books on the topic "Castanospermine"

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Claudel, Alexandra. Approaches to the synthesis of castanospermine from d-xylose. Manchester: UMIST, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Castanospermine"

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Hale, K. J. "(+)-Castanospermine." In Organic Synthesis with Carbohydrates, 217–23. Sheffield, UK: Sheffield Academic Press Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470760321.ch9.

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Fellows, Linda E., Geoffrey C. Kite, Robert J. Nash, Monique S. J. Simmonds, and Anthony M. Scofield. "Castanospermine, Swainsonine and Related Polyhydroxy Alkaloids: Structure, Distribution and Biological Activity." In Plant Nitrogen Metabolism, 395–427. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0835-5_11.

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Herczegh, Pál, Imre Kovács, and Ferenc Sztaricskai. "Chemistry of Biologically Important Hydroxylated Indolizidines Synthesis of Swainsonine, Castanospermine and Slaframine." In Recent Progress in the Chemical Synthesis of Antibiotics and Related Microbial Products Vol. 2, 751–828. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78250-3_16.

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Cenci di Bello, Isabelle, Derek Mann, Robert Nash, and Bryan Winchester. "Castanospermine-Induced Deficiency of Lysosomal β-D-Glucosidase: A Model of Gaucher’s Disease in Fibroblasts." In Lipid Storage Disorders, 635–41. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1029-7_79.

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Ghiron, Chiara, and Russell J. Thomas. "Asymmetrische Synthese von 1-Deoxy-8,8a-di-epi-castanospermin." In Teubner Studienbücher Chemie, 10–11. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80121-0_6.

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