Journal articles: 'Cast-in anchor'

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Apriyatno, H., Supriyono, A. Sutarto, and Hanggoro. "Comparison of retrofit failure to pull out single anchor of plain steel and deformed cast inplace and post installed chemical epoxy methods." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 969, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/969/1/012078.

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Abstract One of the anchor functions is to connect the construction steel joint to the concrete to transfer the tensile force of steel to concrete. The research aimed to compare the theoretical and experimental adhesive stress and the pullout capacity of plain steel single anchors and deformed cast in place and retrofit post-installed chemical epoxy sika anchor fix-2. The experimental result of the cast in place method of the plain steel anchors to the theoretical increase by 3.657% and deformed steel anchor increased by 50.13%; retrofit post-installed chemical epoxy sika anchor fix-2 method of plain steel to the theoretical increased by 23.29% and deformed steel anchor increased 63.69% and plain steel anchor method and retrofit postinstalled chemical epoxy sika anchor fix-2 to the cast in place increased by 18.404% and steel anchor deform increased by 8.905%. Therefore, retrofit post-installed chemical epoxy sika anchor fix-2 plain anchor and deformed steel anchor give better results than cast in place theory so that the basis for the planning can be used as the basis for retrofit post-installed chemical epoxy sika anchor fix-2 while overall, deformed steel anchor is still better than plain steel anchor.

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Huda, Amirul, and Henry Apriyatno. "Experiment of Pullout Expansion Anchor in Installation Cast in Place and Post Installed with Concrete Breakout Failure." Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan 23, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jtsp.v23i1.26246.

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Abstract: The use of anchors in construction is gaining popularity to connect steel and concrete constructions, and to transmit tensile loads acting onto the concrete. This research aims to find out the difference in the strength of anchor based on two methods of installations that are cast in place compared to post installed with the influence of effective depth, diameter of anchor and quality of concrete, and failure of concrete breakout. Expansion anchor used in this study is "Sanko" M12x100 and ready-mix concrete PT Bonindo Ungaran, fc 25 MPa with 6 pieces of test specimens of 300x300x150 mm. Each specimen has 4 anchors with a distance between the anchors of 100 cm, the distance between the anchors to the edge of the concrete 100 mm, and the depth of installation (hef) of 60 mm. The result of the study is the predicted value of the anchor pullout capacity with the failure of concrete breakout due to the theoretical pullout, namely 42,223 N, anchor pullout test results with cast in place method of 40,574 N and post installed method by 37,494 N. Tensile strength tests (material) of anchor (fy) 338 MPa, for flat concrete compressive strength strength of (fâ€™c) 25,698 MPa. The results of the cast in place pullout test are larger and better than post installed (40574 N>37494 N). Failure that occurred in cast in place method is a failure of concrete breakout and post installed method has occurred slip. Failures that occur are relevant to the theory.

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HALFORD, BETHANY. "PHYSICISTS CAST ANCHOR IN BALTIMORE." Chemical & Engineering News 84, no. 16 (April 17, 2006): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v084n016.p034.

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Lee, Jong-Han, Eunsoo Choi, and Baik-Soon Cho. "Shear Failure Mode and Concrete Edge Breakout Resistance of Cast-In-Place Anchors in Steel Fiber-Reinforced Normal Strength Concrete." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 6883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196883.

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Concrete edge failure of a single anchor in concrete is strongly dependent on the tensile performance of the concrete, which can be greatly improved by the addition of steel fibers. This study investigated the effect of steel fibers on the shear failure mode and edge breakout resistance of anchors installed in steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) with fiber volume percentages of 0.33, 0.67, and 1.00%. The anchor used in the study was 30 mm in diameter, with an edge distance of 75 mm and embedment depth of 240 mm. In addition to the anchor specimens, beam specimens were prepared to assess the relationship between the tensile performance of SFRC beams and the shear resistance of SFRC anchors. The ultimate flexural strength of the beam and the breakout shear resistance of the anchor increased almost linearly with increasing volume fractions of fiber. Therefore, based on the ACI 318 design equation, a term was proposed using the ultimate flexural strength of concrete instead of the compressive strength to determine the concrete breakout shear resistance of an anchor in the SFRC. The calculated shear resistance of anchors in both the plain concrete and SFRC were in good agreement with the measurements. In addition to the load capacity of the SFRC anchors, the energy absorption capacity showed a linear increase with that of the SFRC beam.

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Nilforoush, Rasoul. "A Refined Model for Predicting Concrete-Related Failure Load of Tension Loaded Cast-in-Place Headed Anchors in Uncracked Concrete." Nordic Concrete Research 60, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 105–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ncr-2019-0091.

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Abstract Current theoretical models for predicting the concrete cone breakout capacity of tension loaded headed anchors do not consider the influence of member thickness, size of anchor head, and orthogonal surface reinforcement. In the present study, the influence of the aforementioned parameters was studied both numerically and experimentally. Both the numerical and experimental results showed that the tensile resistance of headed anchors increases by increasing the member thickness or if orthogonal surface reinforcement is present. In addition, the anchorage capacity further increases with increase of the anchor head size. The current model for predicting the concrete cone failure load of tension loaded headed anchors were refined and extended by incorporating three modification factors to account for the influence of the member thickness, size of anchor head, and orthogonal surface reinforcement. The accuracy of the proposed model was verified based on the results of 124 tests on single headed anchors from literature.

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Foraboschi, Paolo. "Ultimate Shear Force of an Any Anchor Group Post-Installed into Concrete." Materials 16, no. 7 (March 24, 2023): 2608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16072608.

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This paper is devoted to the fastening system that consists of a number of anchors of approximately equal effective embedment depth, called “anchor group”, embedded into hardened concrete, used to transmit forces transverse to the anchors from an attachment to the concrete. The anchor group is far from the edges and is subjected to no more than marginal axial forces. Being post-installed, rather than cast-in, the embedded end of each anchor is not hooked, and no nuts, washers, or plates are attached to the embedded shaft. The paper focuses on the transverse forces that can be transmitted across an anchor group from an attachment to the concrete. The paper provides an analytical model for predicting the maximum (ultimate) shear force that an anchor group can bear, thus called “shear strength”. The model hence allows the structural designer to predict the shear strength of an anchor group post-installed into concrete. The model is based on five mechanical assumptions, which were established from a wide-ranging numerical analysis. Model predictions turned out to be, on average, 20% lower than the results of experiments performed on cast-in anchor groups borrowed from literature. The comparison verifies model accuracy, considering that the tested anchor groups benefitted from the extra-strength furnished by nuts and washers attached to the embedded shaft. Model predictions were also compared to code provisions; the former resulted to be up to one third of the latter. The paper presents and comments those comparisons, as well as all mathematical development. Applications of the model to wide-ranging case studies is presented and discussed as well.

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Tusnin, Alexander, and Alexey Kolyago. "The calculation of anchors in steel-concrete overlaps with precast slab." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 06022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199706022.

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Reinforced concrete floors and steel beams are widely used in buildings and structures for various purposes. Reinforced concrete overlaps can be cast-in or precast of hollow-core slabs. The most effective floors in which the concrete slab is located in the compressed area of cross-section, in steel beams in the tension zone, and shifting forces, arising between concrete slab and the steel beam, are perceived by anchors. Precast slabs in comparison with cast-in ones have less labor-intensive performance, the beam spacing is equal to the span of reinforced concrete slabs, there are no intermediate beams in such overlaps, that allows to reduce the floor thickness. The inclusion of precast in steel-concrete cross-section requires joints with steel beams, which requires using of special anchors. Anchor perceives shear forces and ensures the joint operation of the plate and the steel beam. In addition, for beams with narrow flange, the anchor device can provide the required width of the support slabs. The calculation of the attachment points of the anchors to the steel beam is carried out using three variants of calculation methods, which allow to determine the forces acting on the anchor. For practical application, a wire-element model has been proposed and managed to get forces in a steel beam, slab and anchors the width of the slab recommended by the standards should be included in the calculation model.

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Wen, Lina, Qiangong Cheng, Qiang Cheng, Xifeng Guo, and Bin Zhang. "In Situ Creep Model Testing for the Tunnel Anchor Foundation of Xingkang Suspension Bridge in Luding of China." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 7, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8898777.

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Due to the limitations of geography and geology, cast concrete tunnel anchors were used to provide counterforces for Xingkang Suspension Bridge foundation at the left bank of Daduhe River. In this study, the in situ creep tests were conducted on two model tunnel anchors at a scale of 1:10 near the real working anchor site. Thus, the long-term deformation of the real working tunnel anchors installed at the bridge foundation could be determined from the creep test of model tunnel anchors. The creep tests were conducted under three different loads and lasted for 102.2 h, 167.5 h, and 189.4 h, respectively. The model anchor, the surrounding rock, and their interface were all monitored and measured during the creep testing. In addition, the numerical calculation, in which the Burger creep constitution was used for describing the surrounding rock and the Mohr–Coulomb criterion for describing the concrete anchor, was performed to further evaluate the long-term stability of the real working tunnel anchors. The numerical calculations are in good agreement with the laboratory testing results, and the creep deformations of the anchor and the surrounding rock have the same order of magnitude. The results show that the tunnel anchor and surrounding rock of Xingkang Bridge are in a stable creep state under the three different loads.

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Kresiariati, Novera, and Henry Apriyatno. "EKSPERIMEN KEGAGALAN BREAKOUT CHEMICAL ANCHOR STUD METODE CAST IN PLACE DAN POST INSTALLED DENGAN MODIFIKASI LUBANG DRILL BIT EXTRACTOR." Citizen : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia 2, no. 3 (July 14, 2022): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v2i3.104.

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Anchors are needed to transmit the load to the concrete in strengthening the structure of a building. The anchor is installed in two ways, namely the cast in place method and the post installed method. In the post installed method, given Sika anchorfix-2 adhesive. The study was conducted to determine the type of failure that occurred, the pullout capacity of the anchor implanted on the hef 90 mm, and the average value of the adhesive strength (μ) of the M12 x 160 mm stud anchor on the T beam specimen measuring 390 x 270 x 300 mm as many as three samples. Each method of cast in place, post installed plain holes, and post installed screw holes using 32.30 MPa fc' concrete with pullout test. The results of the study, the type of failure that occurs is a breakout failure. The pulling capacity value obtained in the cast in place method is 14415.78 N, the plain hole post installed method is 77603.29 N, and the screw hole post installed method is 87377.25 N. The anchoring strength capacity of the plain hole post installed method is higher. greater than the cast in place method with an increase of 6.82%, the adhesive strength of the post installed method with threaded holes is greater than the cast in place method with an increase of 8.14%, and the adhesive strength of the post installed method of threaded holes is greater than the post installed method of holes plain with an increase of 1.24%.

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Apriyatno, Henry, Supriyono Supriyono, and Arie Taveriyanto. "Experimental Study of Pull-Out Failure on Sanko Hammer Drive Anchor Using Cast in Place and Post-Installed Methods on Ready-mix Concrete with Quality of 25 Mpa." Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan 23, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jtsp.v23i1.28027.

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Abstract: Anchor serves to connect steel and concrete construction that can transfer steel pull-out load to concrete. Sanko hammer drive anchor usually has been available in the model of expansion that can be installed into concrete with cast in place and post installed methods. The experiment was aimed at comparing pull out failures of Sanko hammer drive expansion anchor using cast in place and post installed installation methods based on pull-out failure behavior. Experimental data were obtained from the pull-out strength test of Sanko hammer drive expansion anchor, compressive strength test and ready-mix concrete split tensile test, adhesion strength test and group anchor pull-out test which consists of four units of anchor with diameter of 10 mm planted 90 mm depth on T concrete beams with dimension of 300 mm x 300 mm x 150 mm as many as three beams for each of them using cast in place and post installed installation methods. The results of the experiment showed that concrete compressive tension value (fâ€™c) is 25.69 MPa, anchor tension value (fu) is 383.25 MPa, anchor adhesion tension value (Î¼) with cast in place method is 2.25 MPa and post installed method is 1.56 MPa. Theoretically, the damage occurred in pull-out condition; while in the experiment, the test showed a difference in pull-out capacity using cast in place installation method of 38.38 kN with deformation of 13.81 mm, which is higher than theoretical value of 26,083 kN and using post installed method of 36.62 kN with deformation of 8.89 mm, which is higher than theoretical value of 18,084 kN and the experiment indicates that the anchor is perfectly pull-out.

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Kim, Dong Hyun, Yong Myung Park, Ho Jung Joo, and Moon Ki Kang. "Concrete Breakout Capacity of Cast-in-Place Anchor under Shear Loading." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 1057–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.1057.

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Since 2001, ACI 319 adopted the CCD equation for the concrete breakout capacity and a modified equation was recently included in 2011. In this study a new equation to predict the concrete breakout capacity of CIP anchor under shear loading was proposed. The equation was derived from multi-variable regression on the test results conducted by the authors and other researchers. It was found that the proposed equation could consistently predict the shear breakout capacity from small to large diameter anchors and edge distances.

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Yalanskyi, Anatolii, Ihor Slashchov, Serhii Makeiev, and Anatolii Seleznov. "New technical solutions in the field of protection and fastening of mine workings." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 970, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/970/1/012015.

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Abstract The article discusses the features of fastening preparatory workings in difficult geological conditions, which are studied in three directions: improving concrete, arch and anchor fasteners with the consideration of the initial physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass; introduction of steel-polymer anchor; improvement of cast strips designs in combination with arch and anchor fasteners for reuse. Protection methods of mine workings and means of fastening often do not correspond to the peculiarities of the manifestation of rock pressure at the end sections of lavas and in zones of tectonic disturbances, as a result of which can become the main cause of the unsatisfactory state of the mine workings. Mathematical modeling of the rock massif stress-strain state has been carried out by the finite element method. Rigid and pliable cast strips, various technologies for erecting a cast strip, as well as a combination of cast strips with anchor and arch fasteners are modeled. The locations and sizes of rocks destruction zones, stresses in the rock mass for different options of fastening have been determined. The drawbacks of the existing technologies for the construction of cast strips are revealed and the factors for increasing their technical efficiency are established.

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Mahrenholtz, Christoph, and Akanshu Sharma. "Load Capacity of Shallow Embedded Anchor Channels." CivilEng 1, no. 3 (October 31, 2020): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng1030015.

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Anchor channels are cast in concrete and allow the connection of components using channel bolts. In recent years, the design to value resulted in ever thinner concrete elements, which often cannot accommodate the required embedment depth of standard anchor channels. For this reason, channels may be fitted with short anchors. While existing design provisions allow for the calculation of the tension capacity also for shallow embedded anchor channels, tests are required to determine product-specific parameters for the economic shear loads design. The presented study investigated the performance of shallow embedded anchor channels tested in shear. The detailed evaluation of the test data demonstrates that testing of the minimum embedment is conservative and that the load-displacement behavior of channels with welded I-sections is comparable to that of channels with forged headed studs. In addition, a new evaluation approach is proposed.

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Jeong, Young-Soo, Tae-Ryeon Woo, and Jae-Bong Kim. "Behavior Characteristics of Cast-in Anchor Channel Anchor Shape on Non-structural Members." Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures 11, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11004/kosacs.2020.11.3.046.

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Bahleda, Bujňáková, Koteš, Hasajová, and Nový. "Mechanical Properties of Cast-in Anchor Bolts Manufactured of Reinforcing Tempcore Steel." Materials 12, no. 13 (June 27, 2019): 2075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12132075.

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The tempcore process is implemented in rolling mills to produce high strength reinforcing steel. Besides being used as reinforcement, rebars are also used as the base material for the manufacturing of anchor bolts. The mechanical properties of reinforcement bars used in Europe are assessed in accordance with Eurocode without the recommendations for cast-in anchor bolts. The material properties of Tempcore rebars are not homogenous over the bar cross section. The European Assessment Document (EAD) for the cast-in anchor bolts does not exactly specify the mechanical properties of the thread part. The aim of these experiments is to show the different mechanical properties of rebars and their thread parts. The experiments were performed on rebars modified by peeling to characterize the reduction of diameter in a thread part. As a possible way to predict mechanical properties in a non-destructive way, the hardness tests were performed. Next, the application of the correlation relationship between hardness and tensile strength has been determined. The paper formulates preliminary recommendations for assessment of the cast-in anchor bolts in practice.

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O'Regan, Chris. "Technical Guidance Note Level 2 No. 24: Principles of the design of post-fixed anchors." Structural Engineer 98, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/mhxj9243.

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Post-fixed anchors have been used in one form or another for over 100 years. They are typically needed in refurbishments, or in new-build projects where cast-in fixings are not practical or a late change has occurred. Designing a post-fixed anchor can be a convoluted process, principally due to the number of variables involved when considering its use in any given situation. The anchor itself could be resin-based or mechanical, with this choice guided by the material it is to be fixed into and the required loads. Technical Guidance Note Level 1, No. 29 Post-fix anchors provides an introduction to these fixings, and readers of this note should ensure they are familiar with the concepts discussed.

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Ananta, Bastian Dwi, and Henry Apriyatno. "EXPERIMENT ON CHEMICAL ATTACHMENT OF ANCHOR DEFORM DEPTH 110 MM CAST-IN PLACE AND POST-INSTALLED DRILL BIT EXTRACTOR METHOD." Citizen : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia 2, no. 3 (August 8, 2022): 543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v2i3.107.

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The anchor is one of the steel elements that can withstand the adhesive force against the concrete. The study aims to determine the adhesive strength between the anchor and the concrete through two anchor installation methods: the cast-in-place method with three test objects and post-installed chemical epoxy in two plain hole models with three test objects. And threaded three test specimens using a drill bit extractor Sika Anchorfix-2 chemical epoxy adhesive. Anchor deform model D13 is used with a depth of planting (hef) of 110 mm, which is planted on nine cylinders of 300 x 150 mm with a quality of fc 32.26 MPa. This study aims to determine the pulling capacity, adhesive strength, and damage patterns in the cast-in-place and post-installed methods. The results of the pull-in strength test using the cast-in-place method are 34323.28 N, the post-installed method is plain hole 37919.05 N, and the drill hole is 38572.82 N. The adhesive strength (µ) post-installed drill hole is 9.27 MPa > adhesive strength (µ) cast in place 7.64 MPa with an increase (phi) of 1.21 times, adhesive strength (µ) post installed plain hole 7.84 MPa > adhesive strength (µ) cast in place 7.64 MPa with an increase (phi) of 1 .03 times, adhesive strength (µ) post installed drill hole 9.27 MPa > adhesive strength (µ) post installed plain hole 7.84 MPa with an increase (phi) of 1.18 times. With a pullout failure pattern on all cylindrical test specimens.

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Sivakumar, V., B. C. O'Kelly, M. R. Madhav, C. Moorhead, and B. Rankin. "Granular anchors under vertical loading – axial pull." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 50, no. 2 (February 2013): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0203.

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Granular anchors are a relatively new concept in ground engineering with relatively little known regarding their load–displacement behaviour, failure modes, ultimate pullout capacity, and also potential applications. A granular anchor consists of three main components: a base plate, tendon, and compacted granular backfill. The tendon is used to transmit the applied load to the base plate, which compresses the granular material to form the anchor. A study of the load–displacement response and ultimate pullout capacity of granular anchors constructed in intact lodgement till and made ground deposits is reported in this paper. Parallel tests were also performed on cast in situ concrete anchors, which are traditionally used for anchoring purposes. A new method of analysis for the determination of the ultimate pullout capacity of granular anchors is presented and verified experimentally, with the dominant mode of failure controlled by the column length (L) to diameter (D) ratio. Granular anchors with L/D > 7 principally failed by bulging whereas short granular anchors failed on shaft resistance, with the latter mobilizing similar pullout capacities as conventional concrete anchors.

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Ciascai, Oana, Tudor Panfil Toader, Călin G. R. Mircea, and Andreea Hegyi. "Cast – in anchor channels used to support curtain wall facades – numerical study of additional anchor reinforcement." MATEC Web of Conferences 361 (2022): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236107002.

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As the architectural trend for ever greater spans for glass framing elements keeps its momentum, we are dealing with larger reaction loads onto the elements connecting these to the concrete slab, respectively onto the anchoring system. Therefore, this numerical study has the scope of researching the use of standard cast-in anchor channels, commonly used to support curtain wall façade systems, that are positioned and cast-in relatively close to the edge of the reinforced concrete slab; as well as researching the evolution of the relationship between the concrete strength, slab thickness, anchorage length, the distances between the anchors, the T-bolt positioning, (lever arm of shear force on t-bolt), and the geometry of the “ski plates”. Whilst many studies have been performed regarding the performance of both the concrete and these fastening systems, there is not sufficient information/classification relating to the influence of the welded “skis “, and as to what the optimal sizes and geometries are, when used in a class of concrete where this is critical. The main conclusion desired to be achieved is to find the optimal reinforcement plate (ski) shape and position for the given concrete and anchorage depth, allowing for a more accurate connection design, and to provide options for the instances where clashes occur.

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Al-Mansouri, Omar, Romain Mège, Nicolas Pinoteau, Thierry Guillet, Roberto Piccinin, Kenton McBride, Marco Abate, and Sébastien Rémond. "Design Recommendations for Bonded Anchors under Fire Conditions Using the Resistance Integration Method." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 25, 2021): 7810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177810.

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Fire design of cast-in place and post-installed anchors in concrete under fire is covered by EN 1992-4, Annex D, allowing steel- and concrete-related failure modes of anchors to be calculated. This informative annex of EN 1992-4 is limited to cast-in place or mechanical anchors, whereas post-installed adhesive anchors remain out of its scope. This paper presents a study of the applicability of the more flexible resistance integration method (RIM), proposed originally for the design of the pull-out resistance of post-installed reinforcement (PIR) by Pinoteau, on bonded anchors in uncracked concrete. This method is validated from a comparison of test results obtained from two research projects conducted at CSTB and TU Kaiserslautern on bonded anchors in uncracked concrete under ISO 834-1 fire conditions. The data considered include tests conducted on anchor sizes from M8-M30 using three different adhesives (two epoxy adhesives and one cementitious mortar). Design of the pull-out resistance under fire using RIM requires numerical calculation of temperature profiles considering models of concrete and steel elements; different assumptions about modeling these elements can produce vastly different end results. Finally, recommendations for assessment procedures for bonded anchors under fire conditions are provided as entry data for design.

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Kabantsev, Oleg, and Mikhail Kovalev. "Failure Mechanisms and Parameters of Elastoplastic Deformations of Anchorage in a Damaged Concrete Base under Seismic Loading." Buildings 12, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12010078.

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The article addresses mechanisms of anchorage failure in a concrete base studied within the framework of physical experiments. The authors investigated the most frequently used types of anchors, such as the cast-in-place and post-installed ones. The anchorages were studied under static and dynamic loading, similar to the seismic type. During the experiments, the post-earthquake condition of a concrete base was simulated. Within the framework of the study, the authors modified the values of such parameters, such as the anchor embedment depth, anchor steel strength, base concrete class, and base crack width. As a result of the experimental studies, the authors identified all possible failure mechanisms for versatile types of anchorages, including steel and concrete cone failures, anchor slippage at the interface with the base concrete (two types of failure mechanisms were identified), as well as the failure involving the slippage of the adhesive composition at the interface with the concrete of the anchor embedment area. The data obtained by the authors encompasses total displacements in the elastic and plastic phases of deformation, values of the bearing capacity for each type of anchorage, values of the bearing capacity reduction, and displacements following multi-cyclic loading compared to static loading. As a result of the research, the authors identified two types of patterns that anchorages follow approaching the limit state: elastic-brittle and elastoplastic mechanisms. The findings of the experimental research allowed the authors to determine the plasticity coefficients for the studied types of anchors and different failure mechanisms. The research findings can be used to justify seismic load reduction factors to be further used in the seismic design of anchorages.

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Su, Yusheng. "Evaluation of the Load-Bearing Capacities of Cast-In Anchor Channels." Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 21, no. 4 (November 2016): 06016001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)sc.1943-5576.0000296.

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Ashkinadze, Konstantin. "A practical method of design of concrete pedestals for columns for anchor rod tension breakout." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 37, no. 12 (December 2010): 1641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l10-103.

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This technical note considers concrete pedestals bearing steel and concrete columns attached to the foundation with cast-in anchor rods. One mechanism of pedestal failure — the anchor rod breakout in tension — is considered. Uplift and shear forces and bending moments in the base cause tension in the anchor rods. Classical methods of statics and finite element analysis (FEA) are applicable to establish the anchor likely to fail first. For the design of the anchor rod embedment in the concrete, the new “cone balancing” method is proposed. It considers equilibrium of the pullout cone of concrete, ascertained by development of vertical reinforcing bars into the pullout cone and below the failure plane. The method allows determination of tensile force in each individual rebar and direct checking of its size and development length.

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Bui, T. T., A. Limam, W. S. A. Nana, B. Arrieta, and T. Roure. "Cast-in-place Headed Anchor Groups Under Shear: Experimental and Numerical Modelling." Structures 14 (June 2018): 178–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2018.03.008.

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Liu, Yuqi, Quandong Xiao, and Xingwen Yin. "Seismic Performance of a New Slurry-Anchored Connected Precast Concrete Shear Walls with Vertical Reinforcement." Geofluids 2022 (April 21, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5924648.

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The effectiveness of joint connection mode of PC shear wall structure directly determines the integrity and seismic performance of the structure. In this paper, a new type of grout-anchor connection of PC shear wall with closed stirrup constraint is proposed. For the investigation of the seismic performance of these shear walls, one cast-in-place shear wall specimen and two new slurry-anchored lap PC shear wall specimens were subjected to quasistatic test. The experimental results were verified and parametrically analyzed using the ABAQUS software. The test results showed that the slurry-anchored connection with buckled closed stirrups restraint could effectively transfer the stress. The PC shear walls and cast-in-place shear walls exhibited similar seismic performance and both exhibited bending shear damage when damaged. In general, the PC shear walls had a stronger bearing capacity and better displacement ductility performance than cast-in-place shear walls. Their energy dissipation capacity was similar to that of cast-in-place shear walls, but their initial stiffness was lower than that of cast-in-place shear walls. The numerical simulation results showed that, by increasing the axial compression ratio, the vertical connection reinforcement diameter, and the concrete strength, the stiffness and the load-carrying capacity of the horizontally jointed assembled shear wall structure could be improved within a certain range. With an increase in the height-to-width ratio, the peak load of the PC shear wall model decreased, while the ductility and the energy dissipation capacity were enhanced.

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Chhetri, Sandip, and Rachel A. Chicchi. "Analytical Investigation of Tension Loaded Deformed Rebar Anchors in Concrete." CivilEng 2, no. 2 (June 4, 2021): 442–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng2020025.

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Experimental testing of deformed rebar anchors (DRAs) has not been performed extensively, so there is limited test data to understand their failure behavior. This study aims to expand upon these limited tests and understand the behavior of these anchors, when loaded in tension. Analytical benchmark models were created using available test data and a parametric study of deformed rebar anchors was performed. Anchor diameter, spacing, embedment, and number of anchors were varied for a total of 49 concrete breakout simulations. The different failure modes of anchors were predicted analytically, which showed that concrete breakout failure is prominent in the DRA groups. The predicted concrete breakout values were consistent with mean and 5% fractile concrete capacities determined from the ACI concrete capacity design (CCD) method. The 5% fractile factor determined empirically from the simulation results was kc = 26. This value corresponds closely with kc = 24 specified in ACI 318-19 and ACI 349-13 for cast-in place anchors. The analysis results show that the ACI CCD formula can be conservatively used to design DRAs loaded in tension by applying a kc factor no greater than 26.

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Farbák, Matúš, Jozef Jošt, Richard Hlinka, and Miroslav Rosmanit. "Numerical Analysis of the Load-Displacement Behaviour of Cast-in-Place Progressive Anchorage in Reinforced Concrete Members." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (March 6, 2021): 2343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052343.

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Modern construction requirements for building structures are currently focused on reducing the time required for construction, dealing with the lack of qualified human resources and ensuring comprehensive construction work quality. The problems mentioned above of today’s construction industry are significantly reduced by modern prefabrication and the efficient use of the most common building materials—steel and concrete. Critical components of such construction systems are their joints. Currently, there are many different types of joints of precast concrete structural elements. Integral parts of these joints are the various anchorages. For connecting load-bearing components, cast-in-place anchor systems are preferred to post-installed ones. The appropriate design of this small but crucial structural component is a complicated engineering issue in some cases. The finite element method (FEM) represents a practical opportunity to design and analyze anchorage systems in detail. A detailed numerical study based on an experimental program was performed to understand cast-in-place anchors’ real behavior and clarify some of the parameters of their design. This paper explains the creation of a numerical model, compares the FEM model with the performed experiments and presents the interesting results of the performed parametric study.

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Huang, Yebin, and Yihong Tang. "Construction Design of Prestressed Cast in place Piles for Transmission Line Engineering in Plateau Areas." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v4i2.4120.

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With the growth of urban construction, the excavation depth of foundation pit construction is getting deeper and deeper. Adding soil anchor to cast-in-place pile is one of the most effective methods for deep foundation pit support. And the construction quality of cast-in-place pile and soil anchor directly affects the subsequent construction and the safety of buildings. As an important pile type, pile foundation often has some quality problems such as pile position deviation, excessive sediment, concrete segregation, mud inclusion, broken pile and so on. Therefore, in the construction, it is necessary to correctly select the construction technology, strengthen the quality control of the construction process, ensure the integrity of the pile body, and make the static pressure test reach an excellent state. In the construction of electric power engineering, the links between the steps are very close, so only strict quality management of each process can really ensure the quality of transmission line construction. Combined with the engineering practice, this paper analyzes the quality problems of bored piles in plateau area and puts forward the prevention measures, providing suggestions for the construction design of prestressed bored piles in transmission line engineering.

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R Shyagali, Tarulatha, Tanvee Tiwari, Abhishek Gupta, Rishi Joshi, Anil Tiwari, Pushp Raj, and Ruchi Jha. "Delaying Premolar Extraction for Conservation of Anchorage: A Prospective Case Control Study." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 9, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v9i2.28414.

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Introduction: Anchor loss (AL) is the most common side effect of orthodontic treatment. Anchorage planning is the vital step of every orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of anchor loss of maxillary first permanent molar in early v/s delayed premolar extraction cases treated using fixed orthodontic mechanotherapy. Materials & Method: Sixty orthodontic patients, having either Class I or Class II Division 1 malocclusion with no or minimal crowding were divided equally into early extraction and the delayed extraction group (30 each). The patients were treated using MBT prescription 022” slot brackets with standard wire sequencing until 0.019”x 0.025” stainless-steel wire. Pre and post levelling study models were used for assessing the amount of space loss using palatal rugae as a stable point from the points marked on the 1st molar (point A on mesiobuccal cusp and point B on the distobuccal cusp). The obtained data was tabulated and was subjected to statistical t test (p<0.05). Result: The distance of point A to the 3rd rugae reduced after treatment by 0.39mm (3.4%) and by 0.48 mm (3.24%) in delayed and early extraction groups respectively. Similarly, the distance from point B was reduced by 0.48 mm (3.24%) and by 1.77mm (6.28%) in delayed and early extraction group respectively. The change in point A and point B in Early extraction cast group was 76% and 71% more respectively than the delayed Extraction cast group. All the findings were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Anchor loss is an inevitable after effect following premolar extraction. Greater chances of anchor loss in early extraction group is noted. And delaying premolar extraction in cases with mild crowding (<4mm) can effectively help in anchorage preservation.

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Fröhlich, Thilo, and Dieter Lotze. "Testing and Evaluation of Anchor Channels under Fatigue Loading." CivilEng 2, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng2010001.

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Cast-in anchor channels are used to connect steel components to concrete structures e.g., for elevators, cranes or machines, where repeated load cycles require verification against fatigue failure. The fatigue resistance of anchor channels may be determined by tests according to the interactive method, which provides a complete description of the S/N curve from one to infinite load cycles according to the current assessment document. This procedure differs from conventional fatigue concepts, which do not consider loads that are part of low cycle fatigue, but also question the general existence of an endurance limit. An alternative approach presented in this paper is based on the assumption that the S/N curve can be approximated by a bilinear function. The procedure for the evaluation of fatigue tests on anchor channels embedded in concrete is described. A comparison with the current qualification criteria is given by a test example to discuss the applicability of the proposed method.

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Spyridis, Panagiotis, and Nikolaos Mellios. "Tensile Performance of Headed Anchors in Steel Fiber Reinforced and Conventional Concrete in Uncracked and Cracked State." Materials 15, no. 5 (March 3, 2022): 1886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051886.

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Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is currently the material of choice for a broad range of structural components. Through the use of SFRC, the entire, or a large portion of, conventional rebar reinforcement can be replaced, in order to improve the load-bearing behavior but also the serviceability and durability characteristics of engineering structures. The use of fiber reinforcement therefore plays a vital role in acute current and future construction industry objectives, these being a simultaneous increase in the service life of structures and the reduction of their environmental impact, in addition to resilience to extreme loads and environmental actions. Next to the extended use of SFRC, modern construction relies heavily on structural connections and assembly technologies, typically by use of bolt-type cast-in and post-installed concrete anchors. This paper addresses the influence of fiber reinforcement on the structural performance of such anchors in SFRC and, particularly, the load bearing behavior of single headed anchors under axial static loads in uncracked and cracked concrete. Along with a presentation of background information on previous studies of SFRC with a focus on anchor concrete breakout failure, the experimental investigations are described, and their results are presented and elaborated on by consideration of various research parameters. A comparison with current design approaches is also provided. The conclusions are deemed useful for structural engineering research and practice.

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Lozekoot, Pieter Willem Johannes, Juul Jeanne Wilhelmus Tegels, Raoul van Vugt, and Erik Robert de Loos. "Bone suture anchor repair and functional outcome of a triceps tendon rupture, a rare clinical entity." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 7 (July 2021): e241773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-241773.

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Triceps tendon rupture is rare and easily missed on presentation. A 58-year-old man was seen in our accident and emergency department with an inability to extend his right elbow against gravity after he fell. Ultrasound and MRI confirmed the suspected diagnosis of a traumatic triceps tendon rupture and excluded additional injuries. Surgical repair was carried out by a bone anchor suture reinsertion of the tendon to the olecranon. After 2 weeks of cast immobilisation, an early active range of motion (ROM) rehabilitation schedule was followed, resulting in excellent elbow function at 12 weeks postoperatively.In conclusion, it is important to suspect this rare injury and use additional studies to confirm the diagnosis of triceps tendon rupture. Also, good clinical outcome with regards to function can be achieved using bone anchor suture repair and an early active ROM rehabilitation schedule.

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Coulton, Barbara. "‘Casting Anchor in the Harbour of Religion’: The Peregrination of Humfrey Leech (1571–1629)." Recusant History 28, no. 1 (May 2006): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200011055.

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The title of this paper is taken from a work written in 434 A.D.: the Commonitorium of Vincent of Lerins. Leech considered this a ‘golden book’; we will see later the significance of Vincent for Leech, while Leech's life will perhaps illuminate his own age. Calling himself ‘Peregrinus’, Vincent wrote: ‘whereas I was at one time involved in the manifold and deplorable tempests of secular warfare, I have now at length, under Christ's auspices, cast anchor in the harbour of religion’. His aim was to pass on the teaching of the Fathers and to give guidance ‘for distinguishing the truth of the catholic faith from the falsehood of heretical pravity.’

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Mahrenholtz, C., M. Ayoubi, S. Müller, and S. Bachschmid. "Tension and shear performance of anchor channels with channel bolts cast in Fibre Reinforced Concrete (FRC)." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 615 (October 15, 2019): 012089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/615/1/012089.

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35

Xu, L. H., Q. L. Wang, M. Yu, Y. Chi, B. Yang, M. Liu, and J. Q. Ye. "Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Cluster-Reinforced Precast Concrete Columns with Grouting-Anchor Connections." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 13, no. 03n04 (June 2019): 1940007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431119400074.

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The prefabricated residential buildings have become one of the most dominating construction methods in the modern construction industry. The seismic behavior of prefabricated components is crucial in the limit state design of the precast structure. This paper investigates the seismic behavior of a new type precast concrete column that has clustered steel reinforcement with grouting connection. Quasi-static tests are carried out on three cast-in-situ columns and seven precast columns. Axial compression ratio, lap length and lap space are the main variables considered. The failure process, hysteresis curve, skeleton curve, stiffness degradation, displacement ductility and energy dissipation are elaborated. The experimental results show that the precast columns with cluster reinforcement have similar seismic behavior to the cast-in-situ columns. Reducing the axial pressure can improve the ductility and energy consumption performance of the cluster-reinforced columns and exert its ductility to improve its seismic performance. During the assembly, a moderate increase in lap length can improve the seismic behavior of precast columns, whereas the lap space has an insignificant effect on the seismic behavior which indicates that the lap space is not an important factor during construction. The research outcome can serve as a reference for further development and application of precast structures.

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Shafei, Erfan, and Saeed Tariverdilo. "Seismic pullout behavior of cast-in-place anchor bolts embedded in plain concrete: Damage plasticity based analysis." Structures 34 (December 2021): 479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.07.085.

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37

HASHIMOTO, Jun, and Katsuki TAKIGUCHI. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PULL-OUT BEHAVIOR OF CAST-IN-PLACE ANCHOR BOLT IN CONCRETE UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 68, no. 568 (2003): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.68.123_2.

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TAKIGUCHI, Katsuki, and Jun HASHIMOTO. "FUNDAMENTAL STUDY ON PULL-OUT STRENGTH OF CAST-IN-PLACE ANCHOR BOLT IN CONCRETE SUBJECTED TO HIGH TEMPERATURE." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 68, no. 563 (2003): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.68.131_1.

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39

Qian, Zeng-zhen, Xian-long Lu, and Ming-qiang Sheng. "Experimental Investigation of the Tensile Capacity for Anchor Groups with Different Spacing Between Cast-in-Place Headed Anchors of High Strength and Deep Embedment." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 44, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 4745–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3548-9.

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40

Cui, Zhen, Qimin Li, and Jian Wang. "MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE RETAINING AND PROTECTION STRUCTURE FOR SUPER LARGE AND DEEP FOUNDATION EXCAVATIONS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 25, no. 5 (May 2, 2019): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2019.9873.

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The reliable retaining methods and a good stress system are the key to the success of super large and deep excavation engineering. In this paper, the deepest foundation pit in Hainan province is taken as an example. The method of mutual verification between in-situ monitoring and numerical simulation is adopted. The mechanical performance of composite retaining structure composed of reinforced concrete cast-in-situ soldier pile wall, diaphragm wall and prestressed anchor cable are studied. The interaction between the reinforced concrete cast-in-situ pile retaining structure at the upper part and the diaphragm wall retaining structure at the lower part is revealed, and the variation of internal forces of the diaphragm wall retaining structure in the time and space is demonstrated. And then the influence of insertion ratio and rigidity on the mechanical properties of diaphragm wall is discussed. Research shows, the range of interaction between the upper and lower retaining structures is limited. During the excavation process, the maximum bending moment of the diaphragm wall is always near the excavation surface, and the curvature of the bending moment curve decreases gradually with the increase of excavation depth and axial tension of anchor. When the insertion ratio of diaphragm wall increases, the maximum bending moment moves upward. With the rigidity of the diaphragm wall increases moderately, the bending moment of the retaining structure increases, but the lateral displacement decreases. The research results can provide theoretical basis and practical experience for the composite retaining structure design of super large and deep foundation excavations.

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Jang, J. B., and Y. P. Suh. "The experimental investigation of a crack's influence on the concrete breakout strength of a cast-in-place anchor." Nuclear Engineering and Design 236, no. 9 (May 2006): 948–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2005.09.018.

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42

Gavrilă, Tudor Mihai, Emanuel Antoneac, Cristea Vlad, and Stefan Cristea. "Open reduction of an old and unreduced posterior elbow dislocation." Journal of Clinical and Investigative Surgery 6, no. 2 (November 15, 2021): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25083/2559.5555/6.2.14.

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The old unreduced elbow dislocation is not very frequent, but when it is found, it is a challenge for every surgeon. We present a case of 65 years old man who came to the hospital with a dislocated elbow. After the first attempt to reduce, the elbow was mobilized in sling for 2 weeks, but during a small effort, the joint dislocated again. Another two orthopedic reduction were tried, followed by cast immobilization, but the elbow dislocated again. The patient presented in our service after two months from the injury with stiff joint in a vicious position. On imagistic examinations (Rx, CT, MRI), it was found comminuted fracture of coronoid process, posterior dislocation of olecranon and both collateral ligaments were torn. An open reduction was performed during which the joint surface was cleaned up, the anterior capsule was reattached to the coronoid process with an anchor, and then, collateral ligament was restored with the help of autograft, a gracilis muscle (bone fixed with two anchors). Postoperatively, the patient slowly began to mobilize the elbow with splint protection. After a year, the patient returned for follow-up; the function was completely restored and he had no pain.

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43

Schmidt, Jacob Wittrup, John Dalsgaard Sørensen, and Christian Overgaard Christensen. "In Situ Concrete Bridge Strengthening Using Ductile Activated NSMR CFRP System." Buildings 12, no. 12 (December 16, 2022): 2244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12122244.

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Novel and complex structural solutions are often challenging to introduce in the building industry since they may provide unconventional and less verified behavior combined with several novel and unique failure modes. A desired safety level may be difficult to verify due to the lack of knowledge related to failure modes and their variation. This study introduces a method that may provide a first step toward addressing such challenges. Five laboratory tests were done on a novel ductile response-controlled anchor system used for prestressed CFRP NSMR strengthening. These results were used as a basis for further implementation in a pilot project where an in situ cast concrete bridge was strengthened with the developed system. A particular focus was dedicated to the capability of the designed system response to provide a consistent load/deformation curve, yielding threshold, and yielding regime. The novel system enabled response tailoring to the specific pilot project. Installation and prestressing procedure worked as desired, where losses in the fully prestressed system, after three weeks, were approximately 0.2 to 1.6 kN (0.2–1.3 mm). In situ proof loading of all strengthening systems (20 anchor systems) was done to eliminate any possible failure modes below the proof-loading level. It was performed with no signs of distress.

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Haidar, Haidar H., Faten I. Mussa, Abbas O. Dawood, Ahmed A. Ghazi, and Rassel A. Gabbar. "Experimental Study of Post Installed Rebar Anchor Systems for Concrete Structure." Civil and Environmental Engineering 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 308–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cee-2020-0031.

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AbstractThis study investigated the effectiveness of several types of adhesives used in post-installed rebar connections as a bonding agent between steel reinforcement bars and old concrete under pull out test. The experimental samples were; cylindrical samples of (150 mm dia. × 300 mm high) with anchors rebar of varying diameter (12 and 16 mm), different embedded length (100 and 150) mm with different holes’ diameters. The strategy of control were cast-in-place rebar concrete specimens while other samples are post-installed rebar concrete specimens of varied chemical adhesives as bonding agents, namely KUT EPOXY ANCHOR ‘NS’ and SIKAFLOOR169. The output showed that the different adhesives yielded closed pull-out load values. It is found that the pull-out capacity (bond strength) is increased by increasing the embedded length, the diameter of the rebar and slightly with the diameter of the hole. In addition, the failure mode of post-installed rebar concrete was governed by the embedded length and the area of contact with the adhesives. On the other hand, the larger diameter of rebar favors splitting or failure of concrete due to higher strength in binder-rebar interface compare to the binder-concrete interface. The results showed that the pull-out load was increased by (26 % and 32 %) as the rebar diameter increased from 12 mm to 16 mm for KUT “NS” and SIKAFLOOR respectively. The hole diameter had slightly effect of the pull out load where the average of increment was only 6 %. Finally, the bonding strength is considerably depended on the embedded length and less affected by the type of epoxy.

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Liu, Shi Ming, Zu Lin Yang, and Hui Zhao. "Rhombus Cradle System Checking Computation of Jinqinggang Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 238 (November 2012): 689–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.238.689.

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In order to be sure the safety of rhombus cradle system during the concretes cantilever cast-in-place construction, the paper makes use of probabilistic limit state method, and carries out the checking computation. According to the rhombus cradle design drawings of the Jinqinggang bridge and the actual load case, the analytical model is founded through the finite element analysis software MIDAS/CIVIL. The results show that stress of all parts of the rhombus cradle system and the concrete local pressure stress is less than the corresponding material design value, and the safety factor of anchor rod tensile stress is less than 2.0 which should be strengthened, and the deformation of the steel moulding plate is less than 20mm.

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Li, Lian Xiang, Ming Gong, and Ying Jie Zheng. "Monitor and Analysis of the Foundation Pit Combination Support of Jinan West Railway Station Ground." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1207.

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The foundation pit of Jinan West Railway Station Ground is vast in area and large in Excavating depth and closely adjacent to the high-speed railway buildings and subgrade, therefore the foundation pits deformation is strictly controlled. The foundation pit supporting design applies a comprehensive mode by combing soil nailing wall, compound soil nailing wall and bored cast-in-situ piles with anchor cables. Monitoring has been carried out on internal force of side slope and supporting structure throughout the excavation of foundation pit, so detailed monitoring data have been acquired. It has been acquired, by contrastively analyzing, that since the foundation pits displacement volume may reach about one half of the final displacement volume at the time when its excavation is completed, with a huge rate of change, supporting should be timely completed during the excavation period. Compound soil nailing wall can reduce side slopes horizontal displacement volume about 25~30% , compared with soil nailing wall, and effectively add the rigidness of side slope, however it is not very useful for settlement; We get utmost horizontal displacement volume at one third to two fifths of pile length, so it is advised to increase density and strength of anchor cables.

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47

Beutel, Bryan G., and Eitan Melamed. "Repair of Chronic Concomitant Avulsion Fractures of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis." Journal of Hand Surgery (Asian-Pacific Volume) 24, no. 01 (February 13, 2019): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424835519720044.

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Combined simultaneous radial wrist extensor injuries, namely ipsilateral extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and brevis (ECRB) avulsion fractures, are rare. While non-operative management with cast immobilization has been described, most recommend operative intervention in the acute setting. Surgical repair of chronic injuries, however, has received little attention in the literature. This case describes a 50-year-old male who sustained combined ipsilateral ECRL and ECRB avulsion fractures from the bases of the index and middle metacarpals. Five months after the initial trauma, he underwent surgical repair with lengthening of the tendons using a novel technique and suture anchor fixation. This case demonstrates that successful repair of this rare injury can be achieved with retracted extensor tendons in the chronic setting.

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Fan, Junwei, Shijiao Yang, Bo Deng, Bing Sun, and Taoying Liu. "A New Technique of Lattice Beam Construction with Pre-Anchoring for Strengthening Cut Slope: A Numerical Analysis of Temporary Stability during Excavation." Buildings 12, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): 1930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111930.

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In consideration of the temporary stability of the cutting slope during construction and its permanent stability under long-term service, a new technique of lattice beam construction with anchors pre-set in the slope from the original ground surface before cutting was proposed, and its construction process was briefly introduced. Compared with the model without pre-set anchors, the effectiveness of pre-setting anchors to strengthen the cutting slope during multi-excavation was verified in the numerical software FLAC3D. Various factors such as the factor of safety (FOS) and the maximum shear strain increment (MSSI) as well as the displacement for different stages were discussed. The results show that the anchors pre-set in the slope provide reinforcement step-by-step with excavations which changes the mechanical responses of the cutting slope and increases the factor of safety with a variation of 15.9–44.1% compared to the case without setting anchors. In addition, with excavations, the axial forces of the anchors pre-set in the stratum increase gradually, and the positions of the maximum axial forces gradually transfer from the vicinity of the cutting surface to the depth of the design slope. Numerical simulations prove that this new technique is beneficial for ensuring the temporary stability of the slope during excavations and is especially suitable for the advance anchorage of the cutting slope, in which the inclined original ground surface is cut at an angle steeper than it can stand safely and is close to the design slope surface after cutting. After the completion of slope excavation, the cast-in-place concrete lattice beam is immediately set on the design slope surface and connected with the anchor heads exposed on the cut slope surface to ensure the permanent stability of the slope. Therefore, this new technology has important guiding significance for both the temporary stability of slopes during construction and the permanent stability of slopes in service.

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Stanu, Gusti Ngurah Putra, I. Gusti Ngurah Wien Aryana, Ivander Purvance, and Ni Made Puspa Dewi Astawa. "Reconstruction with interference screw of ruptured distal biceps brachii tendon at level of insertion into radial tuberosity: a case report." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20200799.

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Distal biceps tendon rupture is a relatively rare injury. The incidence of distal biceps rupture is 1.2 cases per 100,000 patients per year, with the average age is 47 years old and the majority is male patient with dominant extremity. A 43 years old male presented with pain of the left elbow and weakness to flex and supinate the forearm following gymnastic activity. He heard pop sound on his left elbow during lifting dumbbell and followed by a sudden pain on his arm and weakness to flex and supinate the elbow. The USG examination were performed and confirmed there was a rupture on the distal biceps tendon at the level of insertion. Durante operation confirmed a complete rupture of distal biceps tendon. A Henry approach incision is performed to expose radial tuberosity, and the ruptured tendon was reconstructed by anchored into the tuberosity of radius with bioabsorbable screw. After closing the incision, patient is immobilized by cast in 60 to 90o elbow flexion and neutral pronosupination. Distal biceps tendon rupture can be successfully repaired by single anterior approach using anatomical anchor on radial tuberosity, so that can avoid posterior approach and associated proximal radioulnar synostosis risk while conserving interosseous membrane.

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Nilforoush, Rasoul, Martin Nilsson, and Lennart Elfgren. "Experimental evaluation of tensile behaviour of single cast-in-place anchor bolts in plain and steel fibre-reinforced normal- and high-strength concrete." Engineering Structures 147 (September 2017): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.05.062.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cast-in anchor'

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