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Journal articles on the topic 'Case marking'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 21 February 2023

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1

de Hoop, Helen, and Andrej L. Malchukov. "Case-Marking Strategies." Linguistic Inquiry 39, no. 4 (October 2008): 565–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling.2008.39.4.565.

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Two strategies of case marking in natural languages are discussed. These are defined as two violable constraints whose effects are shown to converge in the case of differential object marking but diverge in the case of differential subject marking. The discourse prominence of the case-bearing arguments is shown to be of utmost importance for case-marking and voice alternations. The analysis of the case-marking patterns that are found crosslinguistically is couched in a bidirectional Optimality Theory analysis.

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2

Miyagawa, Shigeru, and W. M. Jacobsen. "Transitivity and Case Marking." Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese 28, no. 1 (April 1994): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/489384.

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3

Xu, Shuyuan, Jun Wang, Peng Wu, Wenchi Shou, Xiangyu Wang, and Mengcheng Chen. "Vision-Based Pavement Marking Detection and Condition Assessment—A Case Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 3152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073152.

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Pavement markings constitute an effective way of conveying regulations and guidance to drivers. They constitute the most fundamental way to communicate with road users, thus, greatly contributing to ensuring safety and order on roads. However, due to the increasingly extensive traffic demand, pavement markings are subject to a series of deterioration issues (e.g., wear and tear). Markings in poor condition typically manifest as being blurred or even missing in certain places. The need for proper maintenance strategies on roadway markings, such as repainting, can only be determined based on a comprehensive understanding of their as-is worn condition. Given the fact that an efficient, automated and accurate approach to collect such condition information is lacking in practice, this study proposes a vision-based framework for pavement marking detection and condition assessment. A hybrid feature detector and a threshold-based method were used for line marking identification and classification. For each identified line marking, its worn/blurred severity level was then quantified in terms of worn percentage at a pixel level. The damage estimation results were compared to manual measurements for evaluation, indicating that the proposed method is capable of providing indicative knowledge about the as-is condition of pavement markings. This paper demonstrates the promising potential of computer vision in the infrastructure sector, in terms of implementing a wider range of managerial operations for roadway management.

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4

Kozhanov, Kirill. "Studying variation in case marking." Baltic Linguistics 8 (December 31, 2017): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.32798/bl.378.

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This paper examines the phenomenon of the genitive of negation (GenNeg) in the Aukštaitian dialects of Lithuanian. It is shown that there is areal variation in case marking of an object of a negated verb. West Aukštaitian dialetcs (the Kaunas region) allow innovative accusative marking of an object of a negated verb much more often (although not as often as is claimed in the dialect descriptions) than South and East (the Vilnius region) Aukštaitian dialects where the genitive marking is very consistent. Even though South Aukštaitian has more examples of accusative marking than East Aukštaitian, the percentage is still very small. Different types of negated contexts (local vs distant) are not so relevant for the choice of case marking in South-East Aukštaitian, but play a moderately significant role in West Aukštaitian: the accusative marking is more common in distant negated contexts. In East Aukštaitian, direct objects of infinitives embedded under negated verbs can also be marked by the nominative, i.e. verbal negation does not affect the case marking of the so called nominative objects.

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5

Hopp, Holger, and Mayra E. León Arriaga. "Structural and inherent case in the non-native processing of Spanish: Constraints on inflectional variability." Second Language Research 32, no. 1 (October 13, 2015): 75–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658315605872.

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This article reports an eye-tracking study on the native and non-native processing of case in Spanish. Twenty-four native and 27 first language (L1) German non-native speakers of Spanish were tested on their sensitivity to case marking violations involving structural case with objects of ditransitive verbs and to violations of inherent case for objects of transitive verbs (differential object marking; DOM). Both groups distinguished between grammatical and ungrammatical case marking for all sentence types in off-line acceptability judgments. In reading, however, the non-native speakers, unlike the native speakers, were sensitive only to violations of structural case marking with ditransitive verbs and the erroneous realization of DOM with inanimate objects. In contrast, they did not show processing slowdowns for the omission of DOM with animate objects. We interpret the asymmetry in non-native processing as reflecting sensitivity of the parser to grammatical feature hierarchies in that the parser licenses default case markings, yet flags feature clashes occasioned by the suppliance of erroneous inflectional forms with inherent case marking. We discuss the findings in the context of current approaches to second language (L2) acquisition and processing.

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6

Donohue, Cathryn. "Optimal Case Marking in Fore." Oceanic Linguistics 59, no. 1-2 (2020): 91–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ol.2020.0007.

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7

Geană, Ionuț. "Case Marking in Istro-Romanian." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 65, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2020.4.11.

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Case Marking in Istro-Romanian. This paper focuses on the key elements of case marking in Istro-Romanian (IR). Similar to Daco Romanian, IR has a four-case system (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative), added by the vocative (not to be dealt with specifically in this paper). As a member of the so called Balkan Sprachbund, IR nouns oppose nominative-accusative to genitive dative. Pronouns, on the other hand, show a full paradigm, with specific forms for each case (in line with all other Eastern Romance varieties). For the oblique, IR has both stressed/strong and non-stressed/clitic forms, however they have a different distribution than in standard and sub standard Daco-Romanian. Differential object marking is virtually unheard of (with minor cases in northern IR). Indirect object doubling is rare(r), with possibly different pragmatic values than in Daco Romanian.

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8

Miljan, Merilin, and Ronnie Cann. "Rethinking case marking and case alternation in Estonian." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 36, no. 3 (October 25, 2013): 333–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586513000309.

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In this paper, we argue for a view of case marking that does not treat case as the passive realisation of other morpho-syntactic properties of a construction but as independently bringing information to a clause. This different view of case entails that precise functions of case-marked expressions may be determined by the interaction of the case marking, the meaning of the host noun, the semantics of any predicate of which it is an argument and other contextually given factors. With respect to Estonian, it is argued that there is only one ‘structural’ case, the genitive, and this case marks non-subject, or oblique, dependency on some head. The partitive case, we argue, is semantically partitive in all its uses, except that the partitive meaning can be obscured or even eliminated depending on contextual factors. The nominative is merely the absence of case, associated with no specific positions or semantic effects.

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9

Ormazabal, Javier, and Juan Romero. "Differential Object Marking, Case and Agreement." Borealis – An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics 2, no. 2 (December 13, 2013): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/1.2.2.2808.

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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">In this paper, we present empirical evidence showing </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">that</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> Differential Object Marking (DOM)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>in Spanish is determined by structural conditions related to Case and agreement. We also argue that semantic concepts </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">such as specificity, definiteness, animacy, or topicality, tightly connected to the presence or absence of <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">A</span>, </em></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">must be parasitic on the syntactic configurations where DOM is licensed.</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: red; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">We also present some consequences of our analysis for the general theory of agreement. We argue that the same structural relation is involved in all cases of DOM, as well as in Dative Clitic Constructions, where the</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> presence of the particle<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> A</em> preceding clitic-doubled </span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">datives is syntactically unified with DOM phenomena. The accusative/dative distinction traditionally attributed to the Spanish pronominal system does not correspond, in synchronic terms, to different case relations, but distinguishes between agreeing and non-agreeing arguments. Similarly, the distribution of DOM corresponds to a Case-checked/Caseless difference. We extend the analysis to account for well-known restrictions on the co-appearance of two DOM</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> arguments, which <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>are analyzed as the consequence of a competition between two arguments for a single target. <br /></span>

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10

Dench, Alan, and Nicholas Evans. "Multiple case‐marking in Australian languages." Australian Journal of Linguistics 8, no. 1 (June 1988): 1–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07268608808599390.

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11

Herschensohn, Julia. "Case Marking and French Psych-Verbs." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.16.1.03her.

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This article confirms that two classes of psych-verbs in French, amuser-type ("accusative") and manquer-type ("unaccusative"), involve movement into the subject position. However, the two classes are distinguished by their ability to assign accusative Case: the former assign accusative Case and thereby mimic the syntactic behavior of transitive verbs; the latter assign only partitive Case, thus precluding accusative clitics, passive and WH extraction. The existence of different syntactic configurations of thematic roles with different psych-verb classes indicates a lack of direct correlation between syntactic position and thematic role.

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12

Kim, Jae-yoon. "A Study of Object Case Marking." Journal of Language Sciences 22, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14384/kals.2015.22.2.139.

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13

Hirschberg, D. S., and L. L. Larmore. "Average Case Analysis of Marking Algorithms." SIAM Journal on Computing 15, no. 4 (November 1986): 1069–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/0215076.

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14

Heath, Jeffrey. "Bidirectional Case-marking and Linear Adjacency." Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 25, no. 1 (July 5, 2006): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11049-006-9000-y.

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15

Toma, Shivan. "Object and Subject Case Marking in Behdini." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 5 (February 28, 2018): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n5p205.

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Behdini, a variety of Kurdish, is known to be a morphologically rich language demonstrating both subject and object case marking in an unusual typological distribution. This paper reviews differential object marking (DOM) and differential subject marking (DSM) exemplified by a number of allocated languages, and then DOM and DSM are tested whether they apply on Behdini. This study is designed to answer whether Behdini shows DOM or DSM or whether the way Behdini argument structures are encoded in split ergativity completely governs the case marking of objects and subjects in Behdini. Therefore, ergativity in Behdini is tackled in this study. Data to be applied on Behdini in the process of analysing DOM and DSM are inspired from various studies, and my own linguistic knowledge of Behdini is used for the analysis. The results of the study show that the way split ergativity operates in Behdini entirely accounts for object and subject case marking, concluding that Beddini does not demonstrate DOM and DSM.

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16

Park, Sun Hee. "A Study of the Case Marking of English Speaking Learners of Korean in Complements and Adjuncts." Korean Language in America 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 92–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/42922378.

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ABSTRACT This study investigates the case marking of English speaking learners of Korean. In order to identify the linguistic contexts of case marking, I have subcategorized case marking into six types: accusative, case alternation, case alternation and stacking, case stacking, oblique case, and adjunct. The number of participants was 60 in total, 30 Korean native speakers (NK) and 30 English speaking learners of Korean (EK). The research questions of the study are: RQ 1. Do NK and EK show different grammatical judgments on Korean case marking according to the case marking types? and RQ 2. Is there proficiency variation among EK in grammatical judgment on Korean case marking? The independent t-tests have been conducted to answer the RQs. The findings of the study are: 1) ÈK fell short in accuracy and diversity of case marking in most of the complements when they were compared to their counterpart NK, and 2) there was not much difference in terms of language proficiency, except in the case stacking type. Based on the analyses, we argue that EK had not fully acquired case marking in most of the complements regardless of their language proficiency and were not able to utilize the function of case alternation.

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17

Park, Sun Hee. "A Study of the Case Marking of English Speaking Learners of Korean in Complements and Adjuncts." Korean Language in America 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 92–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/korelangamer.18.2013.0092.

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ABSTRACT This study investigates the case marking of English speaking learners of Korean. In order to identify the linguistic contexts of case marking, I have subcategorized case marking into six types: accusative, case alternation, case alternation and stacking, case stacking, oblique case, and adjunct. The number of participants was 60 in total, 30 Korean native speakers (NK) and 30 English speaking learners of Korean (EK). The research questions of the study are: RQ 1. Do NK and EK show different grammatical judgments on Korean case marking according to the case marking types? and RQ 2. Is there proficiency variation among EK in grammatical judgment on Korean case marking? The independent t-tests have been conducted to answer the RQs. The findings of the study are: 1) ÈK fell short in accuracy and diversity of case marking in most of the complements when they were compared to their counterpart NK, and 2) there was not much difference in terms of language proficiency, except in the case stacking type. Based on the analyses, we argue that EK had not fully acquired case marking in most of the complements regardless of their language proficiency and were not able to utilize the function of case alternation.

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18

Aristar, Anthony Rodrigues. "Marking and Hierarchy Types and the Grammaticalization of Case-Markers." Studies in Language 21, no. 2 (January 1, 1997): 313–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.21.2.04ari.

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Silverstein (1976) showed that the grammatical cases take varying kinds of case-marking according to the hierarchical value of the nominal being marked. This paper demonstrates that such hierarchical marking occurs in non-grammatical cases as well. Moreover, these cases typically take nominals of a specific hierarchical value as arguments. Analysis of the data according to classic marking theory reveals that departures from the typical pattern often take extra morphological marking. Since the new forms appear in atypical contexts, they are prone to being pragmatically reinterpreted. And the combination of marking and reinterpretation will produce new cases in the language.

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19

Company Company, Concepción. "Multiple dative-marking grammaticalization." Studies in Language 25, no. 1 (October 1, 2001): 1–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.25.1.02com.

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The aim of this paper is to provide some diachronic evidence of how a language acquires primary object properties, and to shed some light on the disputable status of dative expressions (Dats) in two object constructions. Spanish having in its origin two object case-markings, one for the Acc-patient and one for the Dat-recipient, has been progressively acquiring only one object case-marking. This language would have been sliding from a DO–IO language toward a special kind of PO–SO language. This paper examines seven apparently unconnected syntactic changes, showing that a common deep pattern unifies them: a grammaticalization process which reinforces Dat object-marking as a prime argument in the history of Spanish. In various areas of the transitivity system, Dats usurped the grammatical function performed originally by the Acc. As a consequence, a fair distinction between DO and IO does not hold; there are primary object effects in this language.

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20

Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. "Grammatical Relations in Tariana." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 17, no. 2 (December 1994): 201–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586500003012.

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This article deals with the marking of grammatical relations in Tariana, North-Arawakan, and how this marking interrelates with topicality, definiteness and other discourse characteristics of nominal constituents. The following four case-marking systems are distinguished in Tariana: (i) a subject vs object case system, used with personal pronouns with animate reference; (ii) a case system characterized by an enclitic -nuku for marking topicalized and referential non-subjects, used with all types of nominal constituents; (iii) an ergative case-marking used with all types of nominal constituents under emphasis in A function, the ergative case marker being the same as instrumental; (iv) a system of peripheral cases – locative and instrumental, used with all types of nominal constituents, but obligatory only with pronouns. The overt case-marking in Tariana is related to such parameters as topicality, definiteness and emphasis, and consequently is dependent on the structure of discourse. I will argue that the unusual case-marking patterns in Tariana corroborate cross-linguistic generalizations on a dependency between case-marking and topical properties of NPs in languages with an opposition between marked and unmarked case forms.

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21

Kong, Wanyue, Teng Zhong, Xin Mai, Shuliang Zhang, Min Chen, and Guonian Lv. "Automatic Detection and Assessment of Pavement Marking Defects with Street View Imagery at the City Scale." Remote Sensing 14, no. 16 (August 18, 2022): 4037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14164037.

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Pavement markings could wear out before their expected service life expires, causing traffic safety hazards. However, assessing pavement-marking conditions at the city scale was a great challenge in previous studies. In this article, we advance the method of detecting and evaluating pavement-marking defects at the city scale with Baidu Street View (BSV) images, using a case study in Nanjing. Specifically, we employ inverse perspective mapping (IPM) and a deep learning-based approach to pavement-marking extraction to make efficient use of street-view imageries. In addition, we propose an evaluation system to assess three types of pavement-marking defects, with quantitative and qualitative results provided for each image. Factors causing pavement-marking defects are discussed by mapping the spatial distribution of pavement-marking defects at the city scale. Our proposed methods are conducive to pavement-marking repair operations. Beyond this, this article can contribute to smart urbanism development by creating a new road maintenance solution and ensuring the large-scale realization of intelligent decision-making in urban infrastructure management.

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22

O'SHANNESSY, CARMEL. "Competition between word order and case-marking in interpreting grammatical relations: a case study in multilingual acquisition." Journal of Child Language 38, no. 4 (November 8, 2010): 763–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000910000358.

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ABSTRACTThe study examines strategies multilingual children use to interpret grammatical relations, focusing on their two primary languages, Lajamanu Warlpiri and Light Warlpiri. Both languages use mixed systems for indicating grammatical relations. In both languages ergative–absolutive case-marking indicates core arguments, but to different extents in each language. In Lajamanu Warlpiri, pronominal clitics in a nominative–accusative pattern also indicate core arguments, and in Light Warlpiri word order in a nominative–accusative pattern partially does so. The study asks which sentence interpretation strategies children rely on most, when they learn to rely on them and whether cross-linguistic influences are seen. Children aged 5 ; 0, 7 ; 0 and 9 ; 0 and adults saw paired, animated events simultaneously on video and heard a transitive sentence spoken. The participants pointed to the event depicted by the sentence heard. Adults used a case-marking strategy consistently in both languages. Children initially used both case-marking and word order strategies, but used case-marking more often as age increased.

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23

Allen, Cynthia. "Middle English case loss and the ‘creolization’ hypothesis." English Language and Linguistics 1, no. 1 (May 1997): 63–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674300000368.

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The apparent rapidity of the loss of case-marking distinctions in English has been used as evidence that Middle English was a Creole. However, an examination of the available facts indicates that the reduction of case marking was more gradual and orderly than has often been assumed. The impression of ‘confused’ usage in many texts disappears once a proper distinction between form and category is made. The reduction of case marking seems to have begun with syncretism of forms but retention of categories, with one form spreading into the territory of another. The facts do not support the idea that case marking was drastically reduced as part of the formation of a Creole. However, it is likely that language contact played a significant role in the quick acceptance of internally motivated changes.

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24

Suryasa, I. Wayan. "Case Marking Forms in Indonesian With Reference to Its Translation into English." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Culture 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2015): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v1i1.103.

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This paper aims at clarifying case marking forms in Indonesian and how the forms are translated into English. Case marking is the mechanisms that involve morphological forms (e.g. affixes or function words (e.g. ad position) which express the semantic roles or grammatical relations of the NPs in the clause (Song, 2001). The discussion of case marking in this paper include possessive marking, transitive and intransitive, Indonesian affixed verb based on noun, active and passive voice. Since there are loads of affixation processes in Indonesian which do not seem exist in English, case marking forms in Indonesian are worth analyzing in terms of how transfer of meaning takes place. Having done the analysis, it is found that case marking form in Indonesian is transformed into another form in English to transfer the meaning. The finding demonstrates clearly that languages in the world have their uniqueness that makes translation a challenging and interesting activity.

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25

Yao, L., Q. Chen, C. Qin, H. Wu, and S. Zhang. "AUTOMATIC EXTRACTION OF ROAD MARKINGS FROM MOBILE LASER-POINT CLOUD USING INTENSITY DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 2113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-2113-2018.

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With the development of intelligent transportation, road’s high precision information data has been widely applied in many fields. This paper proposes a concise and practical way to extract road marking information from point cloud data collected by mobile mapping system (MMS). The method contains three steps. Firstly, road surface is segmented through edge detection from scan lines. Then the intensity image is generated by inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation and the road marking is extracted by using adaptive threshold segmentation based on integral image without intensity calibration. Moreover, the noise is reduced by removing a small number of plaque pixels from binary image. Finally, point cloud mapped from binary image is clustered into marking objects according to Euclidean distance, and using a series of algorithms including template matching and feature attribute filtering for the classification of linear markings, arrow markings and guidelines. Through processing the point cloud data collected by RIEGL VUX-1 in case area, the results show that the F-score of marking extraction is 0.83, and the average classification rate is 0.9.

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Nepal, Pankaj Raj, and Suman Rijal. "Comparison of tumor surface marking by experienced neurosurgeon versus neuronavigation guidance." Journal of Brain and Spine Foundation Nepal 1, no. 1 (October 16, 2020): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jbsfn.v1i1.32218.

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Introduction: Accurate flap marking has always been a challenge for neurosurgeons during tumor surgery. The use of neuronavigation has somewhat overcome this problem by allowing the navigation of intraoperative 3D neuroanatomy of the lesion. In this study, we aim to evaluate the percentage discrepancy of tumor surface marking by experienced neurosurgeon versus neuronavigation guidance. Methods: This is a prospective analytical study. Initial surface marking of the tumor was done by experienced neurosurgeon on the basis of sagittal, coronal and axial Magnetic Resonance Imaging films; and later was re-marked using neuronavigation. Photographs of surface markings were taken then comparison was done by plotting marking on the standard graph paper and percentage discrepancies were calculated for every case. Results: Percentage discrepancy ranged from 15 % to 81 % and the mean discrepancy score was 44%. Conclusion: Even in experienced neurosurgeon's hand, flap marking is not always accurate and neuronavigation definitely seems to be an effective tool.

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27

Danielsen, Swintha, and Tom Durand. "Differential Subject Marking in Arawakan Languages: Distribution and Origins." Journal of Language Contact 13, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 141–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-bja10005.

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This paper is a comparison of nine Arawakan languages sharing a rare phenomenon in the Americas: differential subject marking. We argue that the languages involved display a group of predicates with oblique case marking on the subject, similar to the subject-like obliques in Icelandic and Hindi. Comparison with bivalent constructions provides a strong argument for the diachronic process of objects gradually acquiring subject properties. In addition, we discuss the distribution of this oblique marking and object marking in some of the Arawakan languages. This paper shows that these two marking strategies are in fact complementary; the existence of these two markings allows expressing semantico-pragmatics subtleties. Thus, it illustrates a specific realization of the differential marking of the subject in non-accusative languages. Examining the possibilities of language contact with non-Arawakan languages, such as Tukanoan or Witotoan languages, or between Arawakan languages, especially in the North-Western region of Amazonia, we conclude that this phenomenon is inherited in the Arawakan language family, considering the absence of other languages with such differential marking in South America and the attestations of this phenomenon in Arawakan languages as many as 500 years ago.

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Sigurðsson, Halldór Ármann. "Case variation: Viruses and star wars." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 35, no. 3 (December 2012): 313–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s033258651300005x.

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This article discusses morphological case variation, arguing that individual cases are not syntactic objects or features but PF interpretations of a range of different underlying syntactic relations. Nevertheless, it turns out that case variation can, to a large extent, be analyzed in terms of only two atomic ‘ingredients’: event licensing of NPs and PF marking of the licensing relation (where marking is analyzed in terms of Chomskyan case stars). Ergative is a Voice/ag*-case, whereas accusative is a v*-case, licensed under c-command by Voice/ag(ergative and accusative marking thus being two sides of the same coin). Individual cases in case-expanding morphological/PF case systems, it is argued, behave like viruses, striving to expand beyond their original ‘reasonable’ domain.

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29

Cajnko, Mojca. "The Case Marking of Sumerograms in Hittite." Journal of Cuneiform Studies 69, no. 1 (January 2017): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5615/jcunestud.69.2017.0193.

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30

Park, Dongwoo, Han-Byul Chung, and Semoon Hoe. "Two Types of Exceptional Case Marking Constructions." Studies in Generative Grammar 28, no. 4 (November 2018): 741–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15860/sigg.28.4.201812.741.

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31

Ogihara, Saeko. "Japanese Learners’ Use of Zero - case Marking." Journal of the society of Japanese Language and Literature, Japanology ll, no. 73 (May 2016): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.21792/trijpn.2016..73.005.

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Ryu, Byong-Rae. "Multiple Case Marking Constructions in Korean Revisited." Language and Information 17, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29403/li.17.2.1.

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Erelt, M., and H. Metslang. "Case Marking of the Predicative in Estonian." Linguistica Uralica 39, no. 3 (2003): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/lu.2003.3.02.

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Damanik, Sisila Fitriany, and Mulyadi Mulyadi. "Ergativity Case-Marking in Batak Toba Language." Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal 3, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birle.v3i1.755.

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Batak Toba Language (BTL) is an accusative, ergative and split-S language. It is called accusative because BTL has an active diathesis basic construction. In the BTL, the active diathesis clause is morphologically marked on the verb (head marking) by adding the prefix /ma-/, /maN-/ or zero prefix (occurred in some verbs that can stand without affixes). BTL is categorized ergative, firstly, because in the basic S argument from the intransitive verbs in BTL can be semantically gets the most influence from the verb, and it is also applied as O of intransitive verbs. Secondly, By using treatment parameters S equal to O and different from A in nominal construction. BTL is also categorized as split-S language because the behavior is that the agent-like argument of intransitive verb (Sa) in transitive verbs can be nominalized with /par-/ affixes, while the patient-like arguments of other intransitive patients cannot be nominalized with /par-/ affixes

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Nekrasova, Galina Aleksandrovna. "DOUBLE CASE MARKING IN THE PERMIAN LANGUAGES." Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies 16, no. 3 (September 29, 2022): 378–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2224-9443-2022-16-3-378-386.

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The article is devoted to the study of word forms containing two or more different case suffixes. The types of double case marking have been identified, the area of their distribution has been clarified. It is established that the majority of typologically distinguished types of double case marking are represented in the Permian languages and their dialects: 1) elliptical (Simple headless adnominal) is represented in all Permian languages, it is widely used in the Udmurt language; 2) derivational takes place in the Komi languages during the formation of separate case forms of personal pronouns of the 1st and 2nd person plural; 3) the addition of locative suffixes (Case stacking) was characteristic of the early stages of the Permian languages. A typical example is the indicators of approximative-locative cases of the Komi languages, formed as a result of merging of the approximative suffix and suffixes of other locative cases, cf. керка-лань ‘towards the house’, керка-ланьысь 'from the house’, керка-ланьын 'near the house', etc.; 4) duplication of the vertex case with a nominal dependent (Headed adnominal with a case-marked head) is observed only with inversion and parcellation; 5) pleonastic (a combination of two case suffixes duplicating the same meaning). The duplication of the morphological expression of the case is fixed (in the Komi-Zyryan language, the suffixes of the genitive and the dative of nouns are added to the forms of the genitive and the dative of personal and intensifying personal pronouns of the 1st and 2nd person singular) and the double expression of the semantic-syntactic function of the case (in the Komi-Zyryan language, the suffixes of the elative and the comparative can be used simultaneously when expressing the comparative meaning). The properties of case suffixes in various types of double case marking and the possibility of their further development are noted. The empirical basis for the study was the original texts in the Komi-Zyryan, Komi-Permian and Udmurt languages from printed sources and electronic corpora.

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Mithun, Marianne. "Active/agentive Case Marking and Its Motivations." Language 67, no. 3 (September 1991): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/415036.

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Fukui, Naoki, and Taisuke Nishigauchi. "Head-Movement and Case-Marking in Japanese." Journal of Japanese Linguistics 14, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jjl-1992-0102.

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Hsieh, Fuhui, and Xuanfan Huang. "The Pragmatics of Case Marking in Saisiyat." Oceanic Linguistics 45, no. 1 (2006): 91–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ol.2006.0012.

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Doo-Won Lee. "Multiple Case Marking and Null Argument Phenomena." Korean Journal of Linguistics 37, no. 3 (September 2012): 659–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18855/lisoko.2012.37.3.010.

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Malchukov, Andrej L. "Animacy and asymmetries in differential case marking." Lingua 118, no. 2 (February 2008): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2007.02.005.

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Zaring, Laurie. "On Prepositions and Case-Marking in French." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 36, no. 4 (December 1991): 363–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000841310001450x.

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One proposal which has played and continues to play an important role in the syntactic analysis of Romance prepositional phrases is that not everything which looks like a preposition is in fact a true preposition. First proposed by Vergnaud (1974) for French, the idea is that some apparent Ps actually act as simple Case-marking on an NP; in Vergnaud’s case, this was the à associated with Goal arguments. As a result, the syntactic representation of Goal arguments involves no PP-node, but rather an NP with an inflectional Case-marking à. Vergnaud’s proposal was developed further for French à by Kayne (1975) and Jaeggli (1981), and is assumed to be valid for Frenchdeby Elliott (1986). Chomsky (1986) also suggests that Englishofis in many cases the realization of genitive Case, and Demonte (1989) argues that many instances of Spanishaordephrases selected for by verbs are not PPs but rather NPs marked with Case.

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Mithun, Marianne. "Active/agentive case marking and its motivations." Language 67, no. 3 (1991): 510–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.1991.0015.

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Erguvanh, Eser, and Karl Zimmer. "Case Marking in Turkish Indefinite Object Constructions." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 20, no. 1 (October 25, 1994): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v20i1.1442.

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Fitzgerald, Colleen E., Matthew Rispoli, and Pamela A. Hadley. "Case marking uniformity in developmental pronoun errors." First Language 37, no. 4 (March 21, 2017): 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142723717698007.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if children acquire grammatical case as a unified system or in a piecemeal fashion. In English language acquisition, many children make developmental errors in marking case on subject position pronouns (e.g., Me do it, Him like it). It is unknown whether children who produce pronoun case errors with first person pronouns also produce errors with third person pronouns. This finding would be expected if case were acquired uniformly across person through building a paradigm for an abstract case feature. Spontaneous pronoun case errors were collected from language samples of 43 typically developing toddlers at 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, and 36 months of age. A chi-square test was used to determine whether children were more likely to make both first and third person errors, indicating an association. The uniformity of the case marking system was further investigated by asking whether pronoun case errors in first and third person occurred at the same time using a Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. Most children treated case uniformly across person, producing both first and third person pronoun case errors or producing no case errors at all, resulting in a significant association. Additionally, errors were not significantly different in timing. The results of this investigation are compatible with the notion that children systematically extend case marking in a unified paradigm. Pronoun case is not acquired separately for each grammatical person in a piecemeal fashion.

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Rudnev, Pavel, and Anna Volkova. "Case marking in Russian eventive nominalisations revisited." Russian Linguistics 44, no. 2 (July 2020): 157–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11185-020-09228-9.

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Harris, Alice C. "Georgian: A language with active case marking." Lingua 80, no. 1 (January 1990): 35–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3841(90)90047-o.

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Weerasooriya, W. A. T. "Differential Object Marking, Scrambling and Choice Functions: The Case of Sinhala." Vidyodaya Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 08, no. 01 (January 15, 2023): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v08i01.09.

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This paper investigates the role of choice functions on specificity realization of indefinite noun phrases mainly by way of differential object marking, scrambling and pragmatics in Sinhala. Languages use different strategies to mark what is called specificity of noun phrases. Differential object marking and scrambling are some such operations employed by languages such as Spanish, Turkish, Hindi, and Japanese. Sinhala employs at least three strategies to mark specificity: scrambling; differential object marking and pragmatics. In the literature attempts have been made to establish a relationship between morphology (differential object marking) and syntax (short scrambling) with respect to specificity marking in languages. This paper, based on the evidence that short scrambling in Sinhala does not influence specificity marking, argues that such a link between morphology and syntax of specificity marking cannot be established cross-linguistically. It claims that an account based on choice functions is able to account for specificity marking of indefinites in Sinhala. Relevant data retrieved from the existing literature and new data introduced by the author based on native speaker judgements were considered for testing the hypothesis. The data were analyzed in light of the existing theories, frameworks and methods, thus following the deductive approach to draw the conclusions. The paper concludes that a choice functions-based analysis enables us to account for the specificity marking of not only the deferentially marked objects but also scrambled and pragmatically marked object noun phrases in Sinhala. As evident, the conclusions were drawn based on testing analysis, and evaluation of data from Sinhala, which is a less studied language in linguistics. It is suggested that the findings in this study be taken up for further investigation with similar data from other less studied languages in the world in order to make finer cross-linguistic generalisations.

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정은선 and 이은경. "Morpho-syntactic processing of Korean case-marking and case drop." Linguistic Research 34, no. 2 (June 2017): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.17250/khisli.34.2.201706.002.

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Bugaeva, Anna. "On the exclusively borderline case-marking in Ainu." Voprosy Jazykoznanija, no. 5 (2022): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/0373-658x.2022.5.131-150.

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This paper argues that the system of marking case relations in Ainu represents a typical example of borderline case-marking since arguments are unmarked and it is difficult to distinguish case markers from adverbs. For instance, dative, instrumental, comitative, and other cases are marked by postpositional adverbs, which can occur without respective NPs and some can even take indexing. It is shown that such an unusual zero anaphora-like behavior of adverbial “case” postpositions can be explained by their relatedness to respective transitive verbs out of which they have not yet fully grammaticalized. I adduce a tentative hypothesis that case-markers in Ainu are relatively young and innovative, while applicatives, which are a functional alternative to case markers, are old and genuine, and that the borderline case-marking may generally correlate with the head-marking language type, which is most broadly attested in the Pacifi c Rim.

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Magnani, Marco. "Non-canonical case marking on subjects in Russian and Lithuanian." Evolutionary Linguistic Theory 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 175–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/elt.00010.mag.

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Abstract In case-marking languages with nominative-accusative alignment the subject of a sentence is usually marked by nominative case. In some of these languages, however, the subject of a number of verbs is either consistently or alternately marked by another, non-nominative case. Such non-canonical case marking has often been approached in the linguistic literature as a phenomenon at the interface between syntax and semantics. Yet the predictions of this kind of approach seem more probabilistic than regular. This paper offers a new perspective to analyse the phenomenon, which encompasses the role of information structure in case marking. Drawing on Silverstein’s (1976) theory of differential subject marking and Dalrymple & Nikolaeva’s (2011) approach to differential object marking, it is argued that non-canonically case-marked subjects can be better analysed as instances of either non-topical subjects or subjects lacking one or more semantic features typical of topicality. The approach outlined in the paper is tested on a number of constructions in Russian and Lithuanian. It is shown how, in both languages, the analysed instances of non-canonically case-marked subjects exhibit a complex interplay among grammatical, semantic and discourse-pragmatic factors.

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