Dissertations / Theses: 'Case marking'

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Jeong, Yongkil. "Clausal case marking in Korean /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8437.

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Hong, Soo-Min. ""Exceptional" case-marking and resultative constructions." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3073.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.
Thesis research directed by: Linguistics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Bolgun, M. A. "Accusative marking in Turkish." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1336625.

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SAKUMA, Jun'ichi. "“Deficient” Case Marking System of the Finnish Language." School of Letters, Nagoya University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14564.

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Magidow, Alexander. "The semantic and pragmatic role of case marking in formal spoken Arabic." Thesis, [Austin, Tex. : University of Texas, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2009-05-130.

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SAKUMA, Jun'ichi. "Case Marking and Word Order in the Finnish Language." School of Letters, Nagoya University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/12954.

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Nemvalts, Peep. "Case marking of subject phrases in modern standard Estonian /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413031949.

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天野, 政千代, and Masachiyo Amano. "A Diachronic and Synchronic Study of English Cases(8):Case-marking of Inverted Subjects." 名古屋大学文学部, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/5499.

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Mutuku, Elizabeth. "Understanding the differences in marking performance of JSC mathematics markers in Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015223.

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Education reform in Namibia brought about changes to mathematics education since independence. This has put pressure on the government to provide both resources and qualified mathematics teachers to help drive the reform process in all teaching and learning activities. This included availing reliable and valid national examination results which is a measure of whether the newly introduced programmes are working or not. For the Ministry of Education this meant training more mathematics teachers and ensuring that competent and reliable teachers are appointed for marking national examination every year. The teachers' training process however, has not been going as fast as it was expected and year after year the Directorate of National Examinations and Assessment experienced problems in obtaining competent teachers for the marking of national examination. The purpose of the study was to understand the differences in marking performances of the JSC mathematics national examination markers. Particularly the study was to create a clear and detailed understanding of different factors that could possibly affect the marking performance of different markers. In addition, the study was to investigate the effect the mathematical content knowledge of the markers has on their marking performance. It was evident from the findings that their mathematical content knowledge had influenced their marking performance. Moreover the research findings also gave a strong indication that there are other factors that were influencing the markers marking performance. These were the markers' knowledge of the assessment and marking process, the markers' marking experience, the markers' socioeconomic background. The difference in their moderators' input has emerged as the other factors that have influenced their performance in marking and consequently contributed to the differences in their marking performances.

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Sakuma, Jun’ichi. "On the Tripartite System of Case Marking in the Finnish Language." School of Letters, Nagoya University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/19780.

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Smith, Alexander. "Burushaski Case Marking, Agreement and Implications: an Analysis of the Hunza Dialect." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc177257/.

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This thesis was written to explore the structural case patterns of the Burushaski sentence and to examine the different participant coding systems which appear between noun marking and verb agreement. Verb suffixes follow nominative alignment patterns of agreement, while the verb prefix agrees with the affected argument as determined by semantic relations, as opposed to syntactic ones. The agent noun phrase is directly marked when highly active or volitional, suggesting a system of agent marking on the noun phrase and nominative alignment on the verb suffix. Nominative alignment also allows for a less marked presence of passive voice. Burushaski's agent marking is not entirely consistent; however, its nominative alignment is consistent. The conclusion is that Burushaski is not an ergative language at all.

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Shain, Cory A. "Differential Object Marking in Paraguayan Guaraní." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243450139.

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Miljan, Merilin. "Grammatical case in Estonian." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4035.

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The aim of this thesis is to show that standard approaches to grammatical case fail to provide an explanatory account of such cases in Estonian. In Estonian, grammatical cases form a complex system of semantic contrasts, with the case-marking on nouns alternating with each other in certain constructions, even though the apparent grammatical functions of the noun phrases themselves are not changed. This thesis demonstrates that such alternations, and the differences in interpretation which they induce, are context dependent. This means that the semantic contrasts which the alternating grammatical cases express are available in some linguistic contexts and not in others, being dependent, among other factors, on the semantics of the casemarked noun and the semantics of the verb it occurs with. Hence, traditional approaches which treat grammatical case as markers of syntactic dependencies and account for associated semantic interpretations by matching cases directly to semantics not only fall short in predicting the distribution of cases in Estonian but also result in over-analysis due to the static nature of the theories which the standard approach to case marking comprises. On the basis of extensive data, it is argued that grammatical cases in Estonian have underspecified semantic content that is not truth-conditional, but inferential, i.e. it interacts with linguistic context and discourse. Inspired by the assumptions of Relevance Theory (Wilson & Sperber 1993, 2002, 2004) and Dynamic Syntax (Cann et al 2005), it is proposed that grammatical cases in Estonian provide procedural information: instead of taking cases to encode grammatical relations directly, and matching them to truth-conditional semantics, it is argued that it is more useful and explanatory to construe case marking in Estonian as providing information on how to process the case-marked expression and interpret it within an immediate discourse (or sentence). This means that grammatical cases in Estonian are seen to encode a heavily underspecified semantics which is enriched by pragmatic processes in context. In this way, certain problematic constructions in Estonian, such as transitive clauses in which the object is marked by either genitive or nominative, depending on number (often referred to as the accusative in the relevant literature, e.g. Ackerman & Moore 1999, 2001; Hiietam 2003, 2004) and constructions in which the nominative occurs on the object both with singular and plural nouns, are shown to have a unitary explanation.

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Ba´ra´ny, Andra´s. "Differential object marking in Hungarian and the morphosyntax of case and agreement." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.720365.

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Hertzman, Henric. "The Conceptual Structure of Object Control and Exceptional Case Marking in English." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of English, Stockholms university : Stockholms universitetsbibliotek [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1327.

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Kim, Yong-guk. "Movement and feature-checking in Korean : relative clauses, topicalisation and case-marking." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317653/.

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The purpose of this thesis is to consider the following phenomena in Korean, within the framework of the minimalist program (Chomsky 1995): (i) the movement of non-restrictive adnominal modifiers, (ii) topicalization, and (iii) Double Nominative Constructions (DNCs). First of all, following in essence Cinque (1992), I propose that there is a functional category, Agreement Phrase (AgrP) whose specifier position is occupied by the pre-nominal modifiers. I argue for the existence of non-restrictive adnominal modifiers (Relative Clauses (RCs) and pre-nominal adjectives) which move overtly out of the scope of the Determiner in head-final languages like Korean. I claim that the RC or the attributive adjective is base-generated in [Spec, AgrP] due to agreement features (honorific and plural in the case of Korean and Japanese). A restrictive adnominal modifier remains in [Spec, AgrP] due to a FOCUS feature. A non-restrictive modifier, having a NON-FOCUS feature moves to [Spec, DP] whose head D⁰ has a NON-FOCUS feature, to check its NON-FOCUS feature. Secondly, I attempt to unify two contradictory accounts (non-movement or movement) in topicalization in Korean within the minimalist program (Chomsky 1995). Thirdly, it is my argument that, following much of the literature on this topic, there are three kinds of DNCs in Korean and that the three types of double nominative constructions are derived from a single underlying construction, i. e. the locative construction. The first NP marked Nominative moves to [Spec, AgrsP], to check its Case feature by the corresponding Case feature in the head of Agrs, while the second NP in DNCs, which originates as the object of the verb, remains inside VP and has its inherent case feature checked by the verb without moving. In addition, I show that the derivation in the DNCs is the same as that found in English Genitive, Existential and Locative sentences. In connection with DNCs, I claim that in Double Accusative Constructions (DACs) the first NP and the second NP are base-generated independently in different positions from each other, just like in DNCs, but that the second NP in DACs is structurally case-marked in [Spec, Agr₀P], unlike the second NP in DNCs.

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Baek, Judy Yoo-Kyung 1969. "Verb raising and A/A-bar distinction : evidence from exceptional case marking." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10238.

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Lemetyinen, Henna. "Investigating Finnish-speaking children's noun morphology : how do young children acquire case marking?" Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-finnishspeaking-childrens-noun-morphology-how-do-young-children-acquire-case-marking(7a73a374-8198-4291-9128-3415f610f94d).html.

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Child language acquisition is a fundamental topic in cognitive sciences as understanding language development can aid our understanding of cognition in general. The aim of this thesis is to explore inflectional noun morphology acquisition of Finnish-speaking children. There are two major methodologies applied to achieve the aim. A corpus consisting of 18 hours of child and child-direct speech was collected for a productivity analysis and for analyses of different input frequency effects on the child's accuracy with case marking and the likelihood of extending cases to incorrect contexts. Second, an experiment was designed to investigate how two-, four-, and six-year-old Finnish children comprehend transitive sentences. Study 1 (Chapter 2) investigated what linguistic productivity means. The study compared the mean number of inflections per noun between controlled samples of child speech at the ages of 1;7-1;8, and adult speech to compare the child's productivity with noun inflections against an adult speaker. The results showed a significant difference in productivity between the two samples, demonstrating the gradual emergence of linguistic productivity. Study 2 (Chapter 3) utilised the same naturalistic corpus as Study 1 to examine the impact of seven input frequency measures on the child's accuracy with noun case marking. The analysis demonstrates that while high type and token input frequencies did correlate with more accurate use of nouns compared to items with lower frequencies, high frequencies were also associated with increased likelihood of usage in incorrect contexts. Study 3 (Chapter 4) presents an experiment comparing children's comprehension of grammatical cues in transitive sentences. Case marking and word order were manipulated to establish how children of different ages utilise these cues in comprehension. The results demonstrated that all age groups performed most accurately when both cues supported each other whereas all age groups struggled with conflicting cues.

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Meakins, Felicity. "Case-marking in contact : the development and function of case morphology in Gurindji Kriol, and Australian mixed language /." Connect to thesis, 2007. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00003898.

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Bjarnadóttir, Valgerður. "Non-canonical case-marking on core arguments in Lithuanian : A historical and contrastive perspective." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för baltiska språk, finska och tyska, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-108978.

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This thesis presents a description and analysis of non-canonical case-marking of core arguments in Lithuanian. It consists of an introduction and six articles, providing historical and/or contrastive perspective to this issue. More specifically, using data from Lithuanian dialects, Old Lithuanian and other languages such as Icelandic, Latin and Finnic for comparison, the thesis examines the development and current state of non-canonical case-marking of core arguments in Lithuanian The present work draws on empirical findings and theoretical considerations to investigate non-canonical case-marking, language variation and historical linguistics. Special attention is paid to the variation in the case-marking of body parts in pain verb constructions, where an accusative-marked body part is used in Standard Lithuanian, and alongside, a nominative-marked body part in Lithuanian dialects. A common objective of the first three articles is to clarify and to seek a better understanding for the reasons for this case variation. The research provides evidence that nominative is the original case-marking of body parts in pain specific construction, i.e. with verbs, with the original meaning of pain, like skaudėti and sopėti ‘hurt, feel pain’. On the contrary, in derived pain constructions, i.e. with verbs like gelti with the original meaning of ‘sting, bite’ and diegti with the original meaning ‘plant’, accusative is the original case-marking of body parts. This accusative is explained by means of an oblique anticausative and it is argued furthermore that it is extended into the pain specific construction. The three last articles focus on the comparative and contrastive perspective. Their main results include the following: Lithuanian and Icelandic differ considerably in the frequency of using accusative vs. dative marking on the highest ranked argument. Accusative is more frequently used in Lithuanian while dative is dominant in Icelandic. The semantic fields of the dative subject construction have remained very stable, suggesting that the dative subject construction is inherited. It has, however, become productive in the history of Germanic, Baltic and Slavic. The similarities in Finnic and Baltic partiality-based object and subject-marking systems are due to Baltic influence.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: In press. Paper 2: In press. Paper 3: In press.

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Tretiak, Valeriia. "On the Semantics of the Instrumental Case Marking in Russian: Constructions with Instrumental Complements." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13440.

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This thesis examines the Instrumental case marking on complements in constructions with verbs denoting movement of body parts, verbs that allow an alternation of the Instrumental and Accusative case marking, and verbs with a semantic content of 'domination,' 'possession' and 'evaluation.' The Instrumental case marking in Russian is used in many ways and is not well understood. This thesis focuses on 'quirky' Instrumental case marking in constructions, in which the semantic motivation of the Instrumental case marking is less than obvious. These constructions represent the unpredictable and controversial uses of the Instrumental case marking and are of particular interest because there is little analysis of them in the scholarly literature.

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Hartmann, Katharina, and Malte Zimmermann. "Focus strategies in chadic : the case of tangale revisited." Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/842/.

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We argue that the standard focus theories reach their limits when confronted with the focus systems of the Chadic languages. The backbone of the standard focus theories consists of two assumptions, both called into question by the languages under consideration. Firstly, it is standardly assumed that focus is generally marked by stress. The Chadic languages, however, exhibit a variety of different devices for focus marking. Secondly, it is assumed that focus is always marked. In Tangale, at least, focus is not marked consistently on all types of constituents. The paper offers two possible solutions to this dilemma.

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佐久間, 淳一, and Jun'ichi Sakuma. "The Case-marking of the Object of the Second Infinitive Instructive in the Finnish Language." 名古屋大学文学部, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/5495.

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Shirakawa, Mineko. "Experimental study of morphological case marking knowledge in Japanese-English bilingual children in Christchurch New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8715.

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This thesis presents the results of an experimental study designed to examine whether children raised bilingually in Japanese and English from birth in Christchurch, New Zealand, exhibit the same morphological case and topic marking knowledge in Japanese as monolingual children in Japan. The participants were 34 children aged between five and eleven years who have been raised in a one-person one-language environment in an English dominant community. The study replicated previous studies on monolingual Japanese children, and involved two widely used paradigms for assessing a child’s grammar: picture selection, and elicited imitation. The responses of the children in this study were different from those reported in studies of monolingual children. In the picture selection tasks, some children in this study interpreted the agent-patient relationship based on the word order cue in the object-initial types of transitive sentences, whereas previous studies have demonstrated that monolingual children five years and older are able to interpret the agent-patient relationship in the same way as adults, using the case marking cue. Moreover, in the elicited imitation tasks, many children in this study re-analysed the topic-comment construction as a genitive possessive when the particles in the stimuli were masked with noise. This pattern has not been reported in any previous study. The results also revealed that there was a great degree of individual variation. The study suggests cross-linguistic influence from English on Japanese as a possible explanation for the difference between the children in this study and monolinguals. The phenomena observed in the results satisfies two conditions for cross-linguistic influence proposed by Hulk and Müller (2000) and Müller and Hulk (2001), because (i) English and Japanese overlap at the surface level in terms of the agent position in a canonical sentence and the possessive structure, and (ii) the problematic structures for some children in this study involved the interface between syntax and pragmatics in the C-domain. The study, however, has no principled explanation for the individual variation found because of a lack of data on the Japanese input and the child’s fluency, both of which are likely to affect simultaneous bilingual development.

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Dittmar, Miriam [Verfasser]. "Acquiring the transitive construction : the development of understanding word order and case marking cues / Miriam Dittmar." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2010. http://d-nb.info/102450218X/34.

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Chow, Oi-man Betsy, and 周靄雯. "A study of the effectiveness of code-marking in enhancing grammatical accuracy in secondary ESL writing in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31945028.

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Lorentzson, Rebecka, and Sofia Kullberg. "Small green farm shops on the countryside and their green marketing strategies : A cross case study of how and why small green Swedish farm shops work with green marketing strategies to interact with potential customers." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-34084.

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This thesis examines how small green Swedish farm shops are using green marketing and why customers are buying from small green farm shops. To examine this, two farm shops were chosen based on specific criteria; Gudmundsgården and Skrea Ost. The owners were interviewed about their marketing strategies and a questionnaire were handed out to their customers, regarding their attitudes towards green products and farm shops, in order to collect data from two perspectives and compare the farm shops’ perspective to the customers’ perspective. Both interviews resulted in similarities and differences between the farm shops regarding different marketing strategies and approaches, where customer relationships were the most important one. From the customers’ perspective, it was concluded that if a product was considered green, the green customers did not care much about the location of the farm shop or the price of the product. They are willing to drive further and pay more if they know that there are no additives in the product and that it has lower environmental harm. The research contributes with new knowledge about small green farm shops in Sweden, their marketing strategies and the importance of relationships.

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Hawthorne, J. E. "The acquisition of prepositional constructions and their associated case-marking properties in the L2 German of L1 English speakers." Thesis, University of Essex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425841.

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Buyrukoglu, Selim. "Semi-automated assessment of programming languages for novice programmers." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33669.

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There has recently been an increased emphasis on the importance of learning programming languages, not only in higher education but also in secondary schools. Students of a variety of departments such as physics, mathematics and engineering have also started learning programming languages as part of their academic courses. Assessment of students programming solutions is therefore important for developing their programming skills. Many Computer Based Assessment (CBA) systems utilise multiple-choice questions (MCQ) to evaluate students performance. However, MCQs lack the ability to comprehensively assess students knowledge. Thus, other forms of programming solutions are required to assess students knowledge. This research aims to develop a semi-automated assessment framework for novice programmers, utilising a computer to support the marking process. The research also focuses on ensuring the consistency of feedback. A novel marking process model is developed based on the semi-automated assessment approach which supports a new way of marking, termed segmented marking . A study is carried out to investigate and demonstrate the feasibility of the segmented marking technique. In addition, the new marking process model is developed based on the results of the feasibility study, and two novel marking process models are presented based on segmented marking, namely the full-marking and partial-marking process models. The Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) cycle is adopted in the marking process models in order to ensure the consistency of feedback. User interfaces of the prototype marking tools (full and partial) are designed and developed based on the marking process models and the user interface design requirements. The experimental results show that the full and partial marking techniques are feasible for use in formative assessment. Furthermore, the results also highlight that the tools are capable of providing consistent and personalised feedback and that they considerably reduce markers workload.

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Tanaka, Junko. "Implicit/explicit learning of focus marking in Japanese as a foreign language, a case of learning through output and negative feedback." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0018/NQ45679.pdf.

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Kröger, Julia Marina [Verfasser]. "Real-time thematic role assignment in children and adults. The Influence of Case-Marking, Prosody, and Visual Cues / Julia Marina Kröger." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1189812991/34.

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Paxton, Moragh Isobel Jane. "Case studies of tutors' responses to student writing and the way in which students interpret these." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003311.

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This thesis examines tutor feedback on student essays to ascertain the extent to which these responses assist in teaching the academic and specific disciplinary conventions and to determine what is effective feedback and what is not. The investigation constituted an evaluation of a small sample of essays and the framework for this evaluation was developed from a study of current theories of literacy and language teaching. It was further informed by data gathered from interviews with students and tutors and questionnaires completed by them. This was done in order to establish how students interpret and react to feedback and to demonstrate the level of understanding between tutors and students in this mode of communication. The conclusion was that tutor feedback can provide a valuable method for teaching the discourse of the discipline. However, results of the study revealed that communication often breaks down because tutors and students do not share a common language for talking about academic discourse and because students may not have understood the requirements of the task. In addition, the study found that responses to a small group of essays in the lowest mark category and written by second language students, were very inadequate. As the researcher, I concluded that graduate tutors were not well equipped for the task of dealing with these weaker essays. I have made suggestions for future research in this area and I believe that the data from this case study will provide valuable ideas for training tutors for responding to student essays.

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Minussi, Rafael Dias. "A relação entre caso e definitude no hebraico: o construct state e a marcação diferencial de objeto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-30092008-152504/.

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O objetivo principal deste trabalho é refletir sobre como é construída a relação entre definitude e Caso no hebraico por meio da análise do Construct State e do fenômeno da Marcação Diferencial de Objeto. Dessa forma, pretendemos com essa pesquisa suscitar reflexões sobre o fenômeno da Definitude Espraiada, sobre a Teoria do Caso, sobre a formação do Construct State e dos compounds na sintaxe e sobre a semântica do et. Utilizamos para a análise dos dados o arcabouço teórico da Morfologia Distribuída (Cf. HALLE; MARANTZ (1993), HALLE (1997) e MARANTZ (1997)), além das últimas observações feitas acerca do Programa Minimalista (Cf. CHOMSKY (1998, 2001)), ambos desenvolvimentos recentes da Teoria Gerativa. Assim sendo, de modo diferente de outras análises do Construct State, que não levam em consideração os compostos, nossa análise proporciona uma explicação para a formação, tanto do Construct State, quanto dos compounds, na sintaxe, focalizando a estrutura de cada uma dessas construções: o primeiro possuindo uma estrutura composta de duas raízes abstratas e o segundo constituído apenas por uma raiz. A estrutura dos compounds procura refletir a não composicionalidade entre os dois nomes que o formam. Já a estrutura do Construct State privilegia a composicionalidade dos membros do construto, a Definitude Espraiada e a não modificação direta do núcleo. Enfim, sugerimos que a relação entre Caso e definitude no hebraico seja uma relação formal e dependente. Formal, porque ela se expressa por meio dos traços dos nominais que devem ser valorados, checados, mantidos para a inserção de conteúdo fonológico e, até mesmo, inseridos tardiamente pelo Componente Morfológico. Dependente, porque sem a definitude, Caso não pode ser checado.
The main aim of this work is to investigate the relationship between definiteness and Case in Hebrew. This will be done by analyzing the Construct State and the phenomenon of Differential Object Marking. By doing so, we intend to shed some light on the phenomenon of Definiteness Spreading, on the Case Theory, on the Construct State and syntactic compounds and on the semantics of ´et. In order to analyze the data, we worked within the framework of Distributed Morphology (Cf. HALLE; MARANTZ (1993), HALLE (1997) e MARANTZ (1997)), considering, as well, the Minimalist Program (Cf. CHOMSKY (1998, 2001)), both of them, recent developments of Generative Theory. Due to this fact - and differently from other Construct State analysis that dont take the compounds into consideration our analysis provides an explanation for the formation of both the Construct State and the syntactic compounds. This is achieved by focusing on the structure of these constructions: the former is a structure derived from two abstract roots, and the later is formed by a single root. The structure of the compounds aims at reflecting the non-compositional interpretation, which is typical in these cases. The Construct State structure, on the other hand, emphasizes the compositionality in its interpretation, the Definiteness Spreading and the non-direct modification of the head. In other words, we suggest that the relationship between Case and definiteness in Hebrew is a formal and dependent one. It is formal because it is expressed by the features of the nominal that must be valued, checked, maintained for proper insertion of phonological content, and late-inserted by the Morphological Component; and it is dependent because Case cannot be checked without definiteness.

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Nicol, Janet L., Andrew Barss, and Jason E. Barker. "Minimal Interference from Possessor Phrases in the Production of Subject-Verb Agreement." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615107.

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We explore the language production process by eliciting subject-verb agreement errors. Participants were asked to create complete sentences from sentence beginnings such as The elf's/elves' house with the tiny window/windows and The statue in the eirs/elves' gardens. These are subject noun phrases containing a head noun and controller of agreement (statue), and two nonheads, a "local noun" (window(s)/garden(s)), and a possessor noun (elf's/elves'). Past research has shown that a plural nonhead noun (an "attractor") within a subject noun phrase triggers the production of verb agreement errors, and further, that the nearer the attractor to the head noun, the greater the interference. This effect can be interpreted in terms of relative hierarchical distance from the head noun, or via a processing window account, which claims that during production, there is a window in which the head and modifying material may be co-active, and an attractor must be active at the same time as the head to give rise to errors. Using possessors attached at different heights within the same window, we are able to empirically distinguish these accounts. Possessors also allow us to explore two additional issues. First, case marking of local nouns has been shown to reduce agreement errors in languages with "rich" inflectional systems, and we explore whether English speakers attend to case. Secondly, formal syntactic analyses differ regarding the structural position of the possessive marker, and we distinguish them empirically with the relative magnitude of errors produced by possessors and local nouns. Our results show that, across the board, plural possessors are significantly less disruptive to the agreement process than plural local nouns. Proximity to the head noun matters: a possessor directly modifying the head noun induce a significant number of errors, but a possessor within a modifying prepositional phrase did not, though the local noun did. These findings suggest that proximity to a head noun is independent of a "processing window" effect. They also support a noun phrase-internal, case-like analysis of the structural position of the possessive ending and show that even speakers of inflectionally impoverished languages like English are sensitive to morphophonological case-like marking.

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O'Shannessy, Carmel Therese. "Language contact and children's bilingual acquisition: learning a mixed language and Warlpiri in northern Australia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1303.

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This dissertation documents the emergence of a new language, Light Warlpiri, in the multilingual community of Lajamanu in northern Australia. It then examines the acquisition of Light Warlpiri language, and of the heritage language, Lajamanu Warlpiri, by children. Light Warlpiri has arisen from contact between Lajamanu Warlpiri (a Pama-Nyungan language), Kriol (an English-based creole), and varieties of English. It is a Mixed Language, meaning that none of its source languages can be considered to be the sole parent language. Most verbs and the verbal morphology are from Aboriginal English or Kriol, while most nouns and the nominal morphology are from Warlpiri. The language input to children is complex. Adults older than about thirty speak Lajamanu Warlpiri and code-switch into Aboriginal English or Kriol. Younger adults, the parents of the current cohort of children, speak Light Warlpiri and code-switch into Lajamanu Warlpiri and into Aboriginal English or Kriol. Lajamanu Warlpiri and Light Warlpiri, the two main input languages to children, both indicate A arguments with ergative case-marking (and they share one allomorph of the marker), but Lajamanu Warlpiri includes the marker much more consistently than Light Warlpiri. Word order is variable in both languages. Children learn both languages from birth, but they target Light Warlpiri as the language of their everyday interactions, and they speak it almost exclusively until four to six years of age. Adults and children show similar patterns of ergative marking and word order in Light Warlpiri. But differences between age groups are found in ergative marking in Lajamanu Warlpiri - for the oldest group of adults, ergative marking is obligatory, but for younger adults and children, it is not. Determining when children differentiate between two input languages has been a major goal in the study of bilingual acquisition. The two languages in this study share lexical and grammatical properties, making distinctions between them quite subtle. Both adults and children distribute ergative marking differently in the two languages, but show similar word order patterns in both. However the children show a stronger correlation between ergative marking and word order patterns than do the adults, suggesting that they are spearheading processes of language change. In their comprehension of sentences in both Lajamanu Warlpiri and Light Warlpiri, adults use a case-marking strategy to identify the A argument (i.e. N+erg = A argument, N-erg = O argument). The children are not adult-like in using this strategy at age 5, when they also used a word order strategy, but they gradually move towards being adult-like with increased age.

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O'Shannessy, Carmel Therese. "Language contact and children's bilingual acquisition: learning a mixed language and Warlpiri in northern Australia." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1303.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
This dissertation documents the emergence of a new language, Light Warlpiri, in the multilingual community of Lajamanu in northern Australia. It then examines the acquisition of Light Warlpiri language, and of the heritage language, Lajamanu Warlpiri, by children. Light Warlpiri has arisen from contact between Lajamanu Warlpiri (a Pama-Nyungan language), Kriol (an English-based creole), and varieties of English. It is a Mixed Language, meaning that none of its source languages can be considered to be the sole parent language. Most verbs and the verbal morphology are from Aboriginal English or Kriol, while most nouns and the nominal morphology are from Warlpiri. The language input to children is complex. Adults older than about thirty speak Lajamanu Warlpiri and code-switch into Aboriginal English or Kriol. Younger adults, the parents of the current cohort of children, speak Light Warlpiri and code-switch into Lajamanu Warlpiri and into Aboriginal English or Kriol. Lajamanu Warlpiri and Light Warlpiri, the two main input languages to children, both indicate A arguments with ergative case-marking (and they share one allomorph of the marker), but Lajamanu Warlpiri includes the marker much more consistently than Light Warlpiri. Word order is variable in both languages. Children learn both languages from birth, but they target Light Warlpiri as the language of their everyday interactions, and they speak it almost exclusively until four to six years of age. Adults and children show similar patterns of ergative marking and word order in Light Warlpiri. But differences between age groups are found in ergative marking in Lajamanu Warlpiri - for the oldest group of adults, ergative marking is obligatory, but for younger adults and children, it is not. Determining when children differentiate between two input languages has been a major goal in the study of bilingual acquisition. The two languages in this study share lexical and grammatical properties, making distinctions between them quite subtle. Both adults and children distribute ergative marking differently in the two languages, but show similar word order patterns in both. However the children show a stronger correlation between ergative marking and word order patterns than do the adults, suggesting that they are spearheading processes of language change. In their comprehension of sentences in both Lajamanu Warlpiri and Light Warlpiri, adults use a case-marking strategy to identify the A argument (i.e. N+erg = A argument, N-erg = O argument). The children are not adult-like in using this strategy at age 5, when they also used a word order strategy, but they gradually move towards being adult-like with increased age.

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Golmann, Malcolm. "Relative Clauses in Ælfric’s Catholic Homilies : a quantitative study." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of English, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7361.

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The aim of this degree project has been to examine, analyze and describe which intra-linguistic factors influence how relative clauses are formed in Old English.

The key to successfully performing the task of identifying which factors influences the relative causes is to examine how these factors are distributed among the relative clauses in the text. The main focus of this investigation thus was to investigate how the grammatical features of the antecedents of the relative clauses in Old English were distributed. By analyzing a text sample of the work of the Old English writer Ælfric, taken from the Dictionary of Old English Corpus at the University of Toronto, also known as the Toronto Corpus, several features of the antecedent will ideally become evident as influencing factors.

The relative clauses that are found to be relevant for this investigation in the Ælfric text sample have been categorized and analyzed in order to identify any grammatical pattern that could indicate which factors influence how relative clauses in Old English are formed. The findings have been analyzed according to quantitative and statistical principles, and the chi-square test has been employed to verify the statistical significance of these findings. By doing this some linguistic factors have been verified as influencing factors.

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Dietrich-Jones, Natalie. "The ma(r)king of complex border geographies and their negotiation by undocumented migrants : the case of Barbados." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-marking-of-complex-border-geographies-and-their-negotiation-by-undocumented-migrants-the-case-of-barbados(ca2236a6-0905-4512-ab27-a881362febda).html.

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The University of ManchesterNatalie Dietrich JonesPhD Development Policy and ManagementThe ma(r)king of complex border geographies and their negotiation by undocumented migrants: The case of Barbados2013ABSTRACTUsing Barbados as a case study, this thesis examines the relationship between agency, undocumentedness and borders. The relationship between these three concepts has been debated in a well-established European and North American literature; however, there is no similar body of work for the Caribbean, a space which since its genesis has been shaped by b/ordering practices. Through a stratified view of the border, it explored the discursive and non-discursive (material) factors which constrained migrants’ existence, and migrants’ agentic response to these constraints. The timing of fieldwork meant that the location’s geography, as well as migrants’ narratives, was marked by a recent amnesty exercise. In addition to ‘talk’ the research also relied on text, in the form of government and other legal documents relating to the management of migration. The research is therefore based on a combination of narrative and critical discourse analysis, espousing the methodological eclecticism that is encouraged in critical realist methodology. The study makes an important contribution to the field of border studies, based on its exploration of the relationship between a complex border ontology and migrant agency. The principal finding is that borders create complex geographies, which operate at varying spatial scales. The thesis thus provides an enhanced theorization of border(s), in particular as it relates to conceptualizations of space, suspect status, governmentality, and agency.

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SATURNO, Jacopo (ORCID:0000-0001-6932-6832). "Utterance structure in the initial stages of Polish L2 acquisition: from semantics to case morphology." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/77293.

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This thesis is devoted to the processing of morphosyntax in the earliest stages of the acquisition of Polish L2, with special attention to the role of input and to elicitation techniques. The target structure of our work is the morphosyntactic opposition between the nominative and accusative case, respectively corresponding to the subject and object function. Within the VILLA project (Dimroth et al. 2013), 90 adult learners evenly distributed among five L1 groups (Dutch, English, German, French and Italian) took part in a first-exposure 14-hour Polish course taught by a specially trained native speaker. As participants had never been exposed to Polish or other Slavic languages, the experiment portrays the very first contact with a completely new target language. The experiment was carried out under strictly controlled input conditions: input was planned, recorded and transcribed, in order to thoroughly correlate it to learner output. The processing of inflectional morphology is first investigated through a repetition and a comprehension test. In the former, learners hear a target sentence and are asked to repeat it: the literature generally agrees that this task does not require test takers to merely repeat a string of sounds, but rather to de-code and re-encode the meaning of the target sentence according to the present state of the interlanguage grammar. In the comprehension test, participants hear a target sentence and are asked to indicate which picture out of a set of two best describes it. The methodological heart of both tasks is the simple intuition that the processing of inflectional morphology can be studied by manipulating word order. In order to process SO targets, two strategies whould prove equally effective. First, a morphosyntactic principle can be adopted, whereby case endings are associated to the corresponding meaning. Alternatively, learners can rely on a positional principle, in which the subject is simply instantiated by the noun which occurs first in the utterance. As OS targets can only be processed correctly using a morphosyntactic principle, above-chance accuracy in their processing constitutes evidence that the learner has established a solid form-function association between case endings and the corresponding syntactic function. The two tests are first analysed separately. A powerful, though not unexpected role for word order and the L1 emerges. In both tests, SO targets are processed with far greater accuracy that their OS equivalents; moreover, German speakers exhibit overall better performance than the other L1 groups, which is attributed to the greater complexity of nominal morphology in their native language. In the repetition test, however, the Italian group slightly outperforms them, in spite of the greater typological distance from Polish. It is hypothesised that questions of perceptual prominence and phonology may be involved. If confirmed in further work, these tendencies would suggest a role for these factors in the processing of morphosyntax and at the same time raise challenging questions as to the nature of the repetition task. Next, the results of the two tests are combined, highlighting a hierarchy of contexts defined as the interaction between task and word order: OS repetition ⊃ OS comprehension ⊃ SO repetition ⊃ SO comprehension. While the hierarchy confirms the role of word order, it also suggests that the repetition test may be harder for learners than the comprehension test, not unexpectedly as it can be argued that the former entirely encompasses the latter. The case of learners performing above chance in comprehension, but not repetition with the same type of targets witnesses to the slower development of productive as opposed to receptive abilities. The target structure is then investigated in the context of semi-spontaneous interaction as produced by a subset of learners (n=17), with the aim to verify whether or not morphosyntactic competence could be influenced by the communicative situation. Indeed, accuracy rates are markedly lower in this new context than in the structured tests. Communication efficacy does not seem to suffer from this lack of target-like case, though, as semantic and phrasal principles such as animacy contrasts and unmarked SO word order make it possible to encode and decode meaning with no apparent break-down, at least in the simple task at hand. Interestingly, the same principles are in operation even if the learner demonstrates to be able to process case marking in a consistent and productive manner. A preliminary analysis of the input, finally, shows that even the utterances produced by the native speaker can be easily decoded on the basis of semantics and default word order alone. Morphosyntax would prove indispensable only in a negligible proportion of input transitive sentences. This last observation prompts us to morphologically tag the entire input in order to analyse in greater detail the transitive sentences comprised in it, paying particular attention to the interaction of morphosyntax and semantics. Thanks to a specially designed software we perform several computations on this enriched data-set, including form-function association between case endings and syntactic functions, type frequency for subjects, objects and transitive verbs, as well as token frequency for a variety of transitive structures, defined by the interaction of word order, grammatical category, gender and animacy. Although strong tendencies are identified, learners appear to be able to go beyond the models contained in the input, applying principles of utterance organisation derived from their L1 or from semantics and universal cognitive constraints, thus effectively dealing with infrequent or even absent patterns. To summarise, the study concludes that while several learners proved able to process inflectional morphology in a structured test after only a few hours of exposure to the input, much fewer could do the same in the context of spontaneous interaction, in which they relied on semantic and phrasal principles. While this conclusion may be seen in itself as a significant contribution to the debate regarding the initial stages of L2 acquisition, we believe this work highlighted sensitive methodological points regarding the role of semantics in determining morphosyntax, on the one hand, and the effect of elicitation technique on the observable strategies of morphosyntactic processing. These insights seem precious to better describe the complex operations by which adults speakers come to approach a completely unfamiliar language.

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Czypionka, Anna. "The interplay of object animacy and verb class in representation building." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16999.

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Bei der Verarbeitung transitiver Sätze verwendet der Parser verschiedene Informationen, wie die Wortstellung, die Belebtheit und die Kasusmarkierung der Argumente, um eine Repräsentation der im Satz beschriebenen Situation aufzubauen. Frühere psycholinguistische Arbeiten zeigen, dass zwei belebte Argumente in einem Satz zusätzliche Verarbeitungskosten verursachen, außer wenn andere Informationen die Zuweisung der grammatischen und thematischen Rollen an die Argumente erlauben. In kasusmarkierenden Sprachen wie Deutsch ist einer dieser Hinweise die morphologische Kasusmarkierung. Die meisten zweistelligen deutschen Verben weisen ihren Argumenten das kanonische Nominativ-Akkusativ-Kasusmuster zu. Eine kleine Gruppe von zweistelligen Verben weist jedoch das nichtkanonische Nominativ-Dativ-Muster zu. Diese Verben unterschieden sich in ihrer Syntax und Semantik von kanonisch transitiven Verben und verursachen beim Satzverstehen höhere Verarbeitungskosten. In dieser Dissertation wird untersucht, wie die Verarbeitung von Argumentbelebtheitskontrasten während der Satzverarbeitung vom verbalen Kasuszuweisungsmuster moduliert wird. Ich stelle die Ergebnisse vier verschiedener Experimente vor (selbstgetaktetes Lesen, Blickbewegungsmessungen und EKP-Messungen). Alle experimentellen Methoden zeigen, dass der Effekt der Argumentbelebtheitskonstraste mit dem Effekt des verbalen Kasuszuweisungsmusters interagiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen ein detaillierteres Bild der Satzverarbeitung und tragen zur Vereinigung der Transitivätsbegriffe in theoretischer Linguistik und Psycholinguistik bei.
During the comprehension of transitive sentences, the parser uses different kinds of information like word order, the arguments'' animacy status and case marking to build a representation of the situation the sentence describes. Previous research in psycholinguistics has shown that two animate arguments in a sentence cause additional processing costs, unless other cues allow the assignment of grammatical and thematic roles to the arguments. In case-marking languages like German, one of these cues is morphological case marking. While most German verbs assign the canonical nominative-accusative case pattern to their arguments, a small group of verbs assign noncanonical nominative-dative. These verbs differ from standard transitive verbs both in their syntax and their semantics, and are known to cause higher processing cost during comprehension. This dissertation examines how the processing of argument animacy contrasts during sentence comprehension is modulated by the verbal case marking pattern. I report the results of four different experiments, using self-paced reading time measurements, eyetracking and ERP measurements. All experimental methods show that the effect of argument animacy contrasts interacts with the effects of the verbal case marking pattern. The findings add further details to the existing knowledge about sentence comprehension, and combine perspectives on transitivity from theoretical linguistics and psycholinguistics.

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Al, Thunaian Saleh A. "Exploring the use of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in the healthcare sector of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Rhetoric and reality. Evaluate understanding the five perspectives of the BSC. Evaluating the understanding of linkage between the BSC and strategy of the hospital. The reality of the implementation of BSC in KFSH." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6290.

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This thesis aims to evaluate the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) based on a case organization; the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH-RC). The study is an exploratory investigation. Understanding BSC perspectives is important for academic comprehension and is crucial for successful implementation. BSC at KFSH-RC includes five main perspectives: Quality of Care; Medical Care; Employees; Financial; and Education and Research (learning and growth). The thesis tackles two main anecdotal, practice-based arguments: BSC helps achieve business strategy, and the implementation of BSC has often fallen short of the assertions made about its potential for impact. A case study with a triangulation approach is justified and pursued. This study contributes to the literature in different ways. The application of the BSC has received limited attention in healthcare organisations in general, and in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in particular, and may be one of the first to explore such issues, across management and professional groups, to research BSC in the healthcare organisation in the KSA. It distinguishes between the understanding of financial and non-financial perspectives; and the researcher has developed a conceptual framework, which reflects the main elements of BSC implementation. Quantitative data analysis from the case study indicates that staff members at the KFSH possess only a shallow understanding of various BSC perspectives. The study revealed a consistent lack of understanding of BSC by the department employees, due to their lack of interest. The results show that performance measures following the implementation of BSC created no significant improvement. It also confirms that even some senior managers face difficulties understanding BSC perspectives. The qualitative-based findings indicate that the level of understanding of BSC for clinical services is not significantly different from that for non-clinical services; staff members of the KFSH resist the implementation of BSC in the early stages; and there is ¿autocratic¿ leadership style at the KFSH inhibited the flow of information. The power distance and autocratic leadership style, in combination with an inadequate launch of BSC, fail to follow the implementation steps recommended by both Kaplan and Norton (2001a) and Kotter (1996). These organisational dynamics, it will be argued, are understated in the original BSC methodology, a view consistent with the findings of Woodley (2006) and may be especially so in environments with strong professional norms such as hospitals. The implications for the study and practice of non-profit organisations wishing to adopt methodology developed initially in a commercial context, is considered.
Minister of Higher Education, Dr. Khalid Al-Angari (Saudi Arabia)

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Henadeerage, Kumara, and kumara henadeerage@anu edu au. "Topics in Sinhala Syntax." The Australian National University. Faculty of Arts, 2002. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20060426.142352.

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This study is a detailed investigation of a number of issues in colloquial Sinhala morphosyntax. These issues primarily concern grammatical relations, argument structure, phrase structure and focus constructions. The theoretical framework of this study is Lexical Functional Grammar.¶Chapter 1 introduces the issues to be discussed, followed by a brief introduction of some essential aspects of colloquial Sinhala as background for the discussion in the following chapters. In Chapter 2 we present basic concepts of the theoretical framework of Lexical Functional Grammar.¶ The next three chapters mainly concern grammatical relations, argument structure and clause structure in colloquial Sinhala. Chapter 3 examines grammatical relations. The main focus lies in establishing the subject grammatical relation in terms of various subjecthood diagnostics. We show that only a very small number of diagnostics are reliable, and that the evidence for subject is weaker than assumed previously. All the subjecthood diagnostics that were examined select the most prominent argument in the argument structure as the subject, i.e. 'logical subject'. However, there appear to be no processes in the language that are sensitive to the subject in the grammatical relations structure, i.e. 'gr-subject'. Further, there is no evidence for other grammatical relations like objects. In Chapter 4 we discuss the agentless construction and related valency alternation phenomena. It was previously assumed that the agentless construction, valency alternation phenomena and the involitive construction are all related. We argue that the agentless construction should be treated as a different construction from the involitive construction. We also show that the agentless construction and the involitive construction have contrasting characteristics, and that treatment of them as separate constructions can account for some phenomena which did not receive an explanation previously. The valency alternation phenomena are related to the agentless construction, therefore there is no valency alternation in involitive constructions. It will be shown that verbs undergoing the valency alternation can be distinguished from the other verbs in terms of the lexical semantic properties of individual verbs. Chapter 5 examines the structure of non-verbal sentences in terms of a number of morphosyntactic phenomena. It was previously argued that verbal sentences and non-verbal sentences in colloquial Sinhala differ in terms of clause structure. However, the present study shows evidence to the contrary.¶ The next two chapters deal with modelling contrastive focus and the phrase structure of the language. Chapter 6 is a detailed analysis of the contrastive focus (cleft) construction in various clause types in the language, and proposes a unified syntactic treatment of contrastive focus. Contrastive focus is in some constructions morphologically encoded, while in others it involves both morphological and configurational assignment of focus. The complex interaction between focus markers and verb morphology in various focus constructions is accounted for by general well-formedness conditions applying to the f-structure, and the principles of Functional Uncertainty and Morphological Blocking. In Chapter 7, we discuss the phrase structure of the language, in particular such issues as its non-configurational nature and the lack of evidence for VP. We propose non-configurational S and some functional projections to account for word order freedom under S and to explain certain morphosyntactic phenomena, such as configurational focus assignment. Finally, Chapter 8 summarises the conclusions made in previous chapters.

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Al, Thunaian Saleh Abdulrahman. "Exploring the use of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in the healthcare sector of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia : rhetoric and reality : evaluate understanding the five perspectives of the BSC : evaluating the understanding of linkage between the BSC and strategy of the hospital : the reality of the implementation of BSC in KFSH." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6290.

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This thesis aims to evaluate the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) based on a case organization; the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH-RC). The study is an exploratory investigation. Understanding BSC perspectives is important for academic comprehension and is crucial for successful implementation. BSC at KFSH-RC includes five main perspectives: Quality of Care; Medical Care; Employees; Financial; and Education and Research (learning and growth). The thesis tackles two main anecdotal, practice-based arguments: BSC helps achieve business strategy, and the implementation of BSC has often fallen short of the assertions made about its potential for impact. A case study with a triangulation approach is justified and pursued. This study contributes to the literature in different ways. The application of the BSC has received limited attention in healthcare organisations in general, and in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in particular, and may be one of the first to explore such issues, across management and professional groups, to research BSC in the healthcare organisation in the KSA. It distinguishes between the understanding of financial and non-financial perspectives; and the researcher has developed a conceptual framework, which reflects the main elements of BSC implementation. Quantitative data analysis from the case study indicates that staff members at the KFSH possess only a shallow understanding of various BSC perspectives. The study revealed a consistent lack of understanding of BSC by the department employees, due to their lack of interest. The results show that performance measures following the implementation of BSC created no significant improvement. It also confirms that even some senior managers face difficulties understanding BSC perspectives. The qualitative-based findings indicate that the level of understanding of BSC for clinical services is not significantly different from that for non-clinical services; staff members of the KFSH resist the implementation of BSC in the early stages; and there is 'autocratic' leadership style at the KFSH inhibited the flow of information. The power distance and autocratic leadership style, in combination with an inadequate launch of BSC, fail to follow the implementation steps recommended by both Kaplan and Norton (2001a) and Kotter (1996). These organisational dynamics, it will be argued, are understated in the original BSC methodology, a view consistent with the findings of Woodley (2006) and may be especially so in environments with strong professional norms such as hospitals. The implications for the study and practice of non-profit organisations wishing to adopt methodology developed initially in a commercial context, is considered.

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Aparicio, Alvarado Karla Gissela. "Social Marketing - a case study of child care in Peru." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11759395.

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Olausson, Per-Håkan, and Carina Olausson. "Marketing management at Uppsala University Hospital : a case study in Swedish health care marketing; MBA-thesis in marketing." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Business Administration and Economics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-4515.

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Aim:The overall aim of this study was to obtain more knowledge on the implementation of health care marketing in Sweden, using Uppsala University Hospital (UUH) as a case study. Additionally, based on the results of this case study, the aim was also to give concrete suggestions on how to enable increased focus on the formulation and implementation of health care marketing management strategies. This gives the study a slightly normative approach and aim, since the line is not drawn at description and analysis but also advocate guidelines for the enabling of market orientation.

Method: The chosen methodology of the study was qualitative, as the study sought to explore, interpret and gain a deeper knowledge of the research area. Three different strategies of primary data collection were used; (1) interviews with key hospital managers, (2) a survey sent to all heads of clinical departments (68 departments) and (3) the study of selected UUH internal documents and UUH internal material related to the subject. The massive data was consolidated, reported and analyzed as separate parts and as well as an overview analysis from a health care marketing management theoretical framework.

Results & Conclusions:The study showed that UUH, despite the fact that they produce an annual revenue from health care services sales of approx 1,5 billion SEK, lacks almost every aspect of the tools and abilities necessary to function on a competitive marketplace. This included a non-marketing based planning process, the absence of a marketing organizational unit, no marketing research abilities etc. There were also facts pointing at severe flaws in the accounting systems, uncertainties of the legality of the current marketing activities and no marketing-stimulating incentive-systems in place. Besides these hard facts, the conservative, non-market oriented, organizational culture was deemed to make an attempted marketing adaption very hard to implement. The interviews provided valuable data for the structure and analysis. The survey had a very low response-rate, which didn´t provide any valuable data per se, but was interpreted to support the analysis of the organizational flaws in regard to marketing orientation. The internal document study also resulted in support of this analysis and increased the validity. Based on the analysis, a suggestion for a “road map” to successfully market-adapt Swedish health care was presented.

Suggestions for future research:Health care marketing most likely constitute its own area of research which also is specific for Sweden, which gives infinite opportunities for further studies. The implementation of marketing strategies in health care is an area that really needs to be further studied, therefore a suggestion for future research is to try and find out just how to enable implementation of a marketing-orientation in an organization which never had one. Another suggestion for further research could be the study of how economic incentive systems and other means of co-worker stimulation influence the production of health care services.

Contribution of the thesis:We believe that this study will strengthen the marketing understanding for UUH personnel at both managerial as well as all other organizational levels that are interested in the subject. We also believe that politicians, both locally and nationally, will benefit from practical knowledge regarding health care marketing mechanisms currently in place. Though conducted as a case study at one hospital, we deem that the analysis and suggestions are applicable for many other health care providers acting on the Swedish health care services marketplace, possibly contributing to the development of Swedish health care.

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Horn, Stephen Wright. "Syntax, semantics, and pragmatics of accusative-quotative constructions in Japanese." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1204662234.

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Karaan, Abolus Salam Mohammad. "Informal red meat marketing : a case study in the Western Cape townships." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/58013.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 1993.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Informal red meat trade was investigated as it occurs in the townships of the Cape Town metropole. To achieve this, an interactive research approach was followed, initially involving months of observation before scientific and empirical analysis was conducted. The informal marketing activities were described and analysed with the purpose of establishing its strengths; weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Criteria of efficiency and effectiveness were constantly employed. ln this regard, the prevailing system was tested against consumer needs and preferences. A large degree of consistency was found between the nature of supply by the informal sector and the nature of demand from its target consumer base. On this basis, it was deduced that the informal red meat marketing system has the potential to further contribute to development and township food security. The informal marketing system, how~ver, operates under specific constraints. These were identified and subsequently recommendations were made to alleviate these constraints, in order to maximise the contribution of informal red meat trade to local development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die informele bemarking van rooivleis, soos dit in die stadswyke (townships) van die Kaapstadse metropolis voorkom, is ondersoek. Deur middel van 'n interaktiewe navorsingsbenadering is daar aanvanklik maande lank net waargeneem voordat 'n wetenskaplike en empiriese analise gedoen kon word. Die werksaamhede van die informele rooivleismark is omskryf en ontleed met die oog op vasstelling van die sterk punte en swakhede, geleenthede en bedreigings van die bedryf. Kriteria van doeltreffendheid en effektiwiteit is deurgaans aangewend. In hierdie opsig is die huidige stelsel getoets aan verbruikersbehoeftes en voorkeure. Die wyse van aanbieding van die informele sektor het in 'n ruim mate ooreengestem met die aanvraag van die teikenverbruiker. Op grond hiervan word afgelei dat die stelsel van informele bemarking van rooivleis die potensiaal het om nog 'n groter bydrae te lewer tot die ontwikkeling van voedselsekuriteit in die 'townships'. Sekere faktore werk egter beperkend m op die informele bemarkingstelsel. Hierdie faktore is gei'dentifiseer en aanbevelings is gemaak ter opheffing van die beperkinge om sodoende die stelsel se bydrae tot plaaslike ontwikkeling·te maksimeer.

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Gil, Camila. "Variáveis de decisão de marketing em serviços de demanda não desejada: dois casos no setor de seguros." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-08102008-100913/.

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O setor de serviços no Brasil vem crescendo desde a década de 80 e mostra-se como o setor da economia mais importante em países desenvolvidos. O estudo do marketing de serviços nos Estados Unidos e Europa para esse setor ganhou importância desde então, no entanto estudos realizados por acadêmicos brasileiros ainda são escassos. O objetivo desta dissertação foi estudar o gerenciamento das variáveis de decisão de marketing em serviços de demanda não desejada do ponto de vista conceitual e prático. Para tanto, realizou-se extensa fundamentação teórica sobre o gerenciamento de marketing de serviços, mais especificamente sobre as variáveis de decisão produto, preço, distribuição e comunicação, finalizando essa parte com uma análise critica dos serviços de demanda não desejada. Do ponto de vista prático, realizou-se uma pesquisa de cunho exploratório, utilizando o método do estudo de caso, com o intuito de gerar novas idéias sobre o tema. A pesquisa de campo compreendeu o estudo de duas empresas do setor de seguros, que geraram novas idéias sobre o tema central desta dissertação. As análises obtidas dos casos mostraram que as empresas têm consciência da natureza dos serviços que vendem. Na variável preço não é uma variável de diferenciação, já que os preços são extremamente regulamentados no mercado de seguros. A distribuição é feita de maneira semelhante nas duas organizações estudadas, ou seja, por parceiros de negócio e corretores, que tem o papel de vendas. Treinamentos e campanhas de incentivo absorvem a maior parte dos investimentos das empresas. Por fim, identificou-se que as empresas pesquisadas utilizam elementos de comunicação que ampliam a receptividade do consumidor, além de utilizarem as relações públicas e patrocínios como principais ferramentas de comunicação.
The services industry in Brazil has been growing since the 80´s and is the most important industry in most developed economies. The study of services marketing in the United States and Europe has been becoming increasingly important ever since, however studies by Brazilian researchers are still scarce. The aim of this dissertation is to study the management of decision variables in marketing for negative demand services, both in a conceptual and practical perspective. With that purpose in mind, an extensive theoretical review about services marketing management was carried out, focusing particularly on decision variables related to price, product, distribution and communication and concluding with a critical analysis of negative demand services. From a practical perspective, an exploratory research using case studies was done. Thus, the field research comprised the study of two insurance companies and resulted in fresh ideas on the central subject of this dissertation. The resulting case analyses have shown that both studied companies are aware of the nature of the services they sell. The price variable is not a differentiation variable, since prices in the insurance industry are subjected to regulations. Distribution is similar on both companies and is executed by business partners and brokers that have in fact the sales role. In-house sales training and reward campaigns account for the majority of the investment expenses of the companies. Finally, it was evidenced that the studied companies use communication elements that increase consumers´ receptiveness to their products and employ public relations and sponsorships as their main communication tools.

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Mare, Marius. "Lungisisa Indlwla village : a social marketing case study on residential care for children." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97344.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Lungisisa Indlela Village is a non-profit organisation in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It provides holistic residential care for orphaned and vulnerable children in order to “rescue a child, restore a life, raise a leader and release a star”. The village can house 1 000 orphans and the model used is long-term cluster foster care where the children will get a sense of belonging in a homely environment, modelling an African village lifestyle. The houses are built in clusters, each with eight homes surrounding a communal play area. Each home has a fully-trained house mother who may bring two biological children, and will be given up to six children through the Department of Social Welfare. Within a family environment, they will receive unconditional love, spiritual discipleship, care and nurturing. The Lungisisa Indlela Village School is a registered independent school which comprises a play-school, pre-school, primary school and secondary school. Lungisisa Indlela Village is assisting others who have the same vision to build villages in Pretoria, Benoni, Kimberley, Grahamstown, East London and George. The vision of Lungisisa Indlela Village is to build thousands of villages across Africa in order to turn one of the continent’s biggest problems into the solution. The research focus is on the discipline of social marketing. More specifically, how Lungisisa Indlela Village makes use of the principles of social marketing in order to gain support from the community, government, corporate organisations and churches. A case study approach was followed, whereby literature and in-depth interviews were used to compare Lungisisa Indlela Village’s current marketing activities to best practice social marketing principles. The aim of the research was not only to assist Lungisisa Indlela Village with their expansion, but also to assist other orphanages and cause-related marketing organisations in putting together a marketing plan to drive the desired behaviour in both South Africa and the rest of Africa (in countries facing similar challenges). The study, even though aimed at how Lungisisa Indlela Village compares to best practice social marketing principles, revealed that there are many other business and strategic issues to consider. These issues, however, inform how the marketing plan is executed. Leadership, governance, relationship with government and marketing the Lungisisa Indlela Village brand and solution are very important questions, issues and initiatives that need to be addressed before further expansion takes place. The author would like to encourage the reader to watch the following video: www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSnujMEumrc, before reading the rest of this paper.

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Durand, Tom. "L'intransitivité scindée dans les langues arawak." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INAL0012/document.

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Dans cette thèse, j’étudie l’intransitivité scindée dans la famille linguistique arawak (Amérique du sud). L’analyse grammaticale du phénomène de l’intransitivité scindée s’appuie sur la prise en compte d’une part de ses motivations sémantico-pragmatiques, et d’autre part de ses réalisations morphosyntaxiques selon les catégories grammaticales, les changements de diathèse et les facteurs de TAM. En plus des marquages canoniques de l’agent et du patient d’un verbe transitif, les constructions impliquant des marquages non canoniques, comme celles engageant des verbes nominalisés ou un marquage différentiel, ont également été considérées.Cette étude non seulement révèle l’existence d’une grande diversité parmi les sous-types d’intransitivité scindée, mais propose les moyens de comprendre l’évolution diachronique de ces sous-types, avec laquelle ont pu interférer les effets du contact de langues. Les hypothèses avancées sur l’évolution historique des systèmes grammaticaux mettent à jour les voies où plusieurs langues ont pu s’engager vers des alignements à coloration accusative vs. ergative.Au travers de cette orientation, l’étude nous éclaire sur les différentes manières qu’a l’intransitivité scindée d’affecter l’alignement des actants, apportant ainsi sa contribution à la typologie des langues
In this thesis I study in depth the split intransitivity in the Arawak family of languages of South America. The grammatical analysis of the split intransitivity phenomenon is based on both their semantico-pragmatical motivations and their morphosyntactical realizations according to grammatical categories, valence changes and TAM. Besides, I also take into account constructions involving other types such as nominalized verbs and differential marking.This study not only reveals the existence of a rich diversity of split intransitivity patterns within this family, but it also proposes paths to understand the diachrony of such patterns, involving shifts from ergative alignment to accusative alignment, for which the effects of language contact may have played an important role. In this connection, the study sheds light onto the ways split intransitivity has implication for alignment-type and it is thus of interest for language typology

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Case marking'

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