Journal articles on the topic 'Cartons Research'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Cartons Research.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Cartons Research.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Jiang, Dong Sheng, and Chun Ying Fu. "Research on Different Structures of Folding Carton and Loading Weight." Applied Mechanics and Materials 200 (October 2012): 571–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.200.571.
Full textAbstract:
This paper studies a relationship of different structures of folding carton and the weight of contents. It can analyze the relationship of structures and weight by studying the difference from package design. By dropping a series of cartons at different heights and pressing a series of cartons at different pressure, this experiment can gain some important data of destroying these cartons. These data from the experiment can provide a reference for transport package, and more economical and more reliable of folding cartons can be choose by package designers.
2
Mu, Xin Ni, Cheng Sun, Qin Lie Wang, and Yong Sheng Ma. "Research on the Mathematic Model of Discretional Four Prism Folding Carton Glued in Flat State." Applied Mechanics and Materials 200 (October 2012): 586–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.200.586.
Full textAbstract:
Folding carton glued in flat state can save transportation space and storage space, and can also be produced with high speed by automatic pasting box machines. According to the characteristics of folding cartons glued in flat state and geometry relationship between the structures of carton, this paper simplified the verification process of necessary conditions of discretional four prism folding carton glued in flat state using methods of proof from assumption and case law. In addition, this paper showed two simple methods of drawing discretional four prism folding cartons glued in flat state.
3
Umami, Dea Misbachul, Mohammad Fuad Fauzul Mu'tamar, and Rakhmawati Rakhmawati. "ANALISIS EFISIENSI BIAYA PERSEDIAAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE EOQ (ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY) PADA PT. XYZ." JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI 12, no. 01 (June 28, 2018): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/j-agt.v12i1.8100.
Full textAbstract:
Inventory control is one of the important things of working capital in a company. Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) could be decided from the safety stock, maximum inventory, and reorder point in a company. The aim of the research was to know the number of stock and inventory cost savings. The research used EOQ method on controlling the packaging cup 240 ml and carton box to know the amount of safety stock, maximum inventory, and reorder point in PT. XYZ. The result showed that the sum of buying the material based on EOQ method in the 2015, 2016 and 2017.In the 2015 the amount f packaging cup 240ml were 1.492.031 cups, the amount f carton box were 25.164 cartons, in the 2016 the sum of packaging cup 240 ml were 1.492.084 cups, the sum of cartoon box were 24.697 cartons, while in the 2017 the sum of packaging cup were 240 cups. Using the EOQ method can be known that inventory cost savings as the result of the decreasing of the order. Safety stock were around 447.406 for a 240ml cups and 9.319 for cartons box. Maximum inventory based on EOQ method were around 992.445 for 240 ml cups and 20.549 for cartons. Reorder point based on EOQ method were around 860.066 for a 240ml cups and 17.918 for cartons.
Keywords: EOQ, inventory control, maximum inventory, reorder point, safety stock
4
Amin, MN, MA Hossain, MS Miah, MS Hassan, and MA Hoque. "Development of suitable package for transportation of guava (Psidium guajava L.)." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 2 (September 15, 2014): 337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i2.20437.
Full textAbstract:
Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a perishable and climacteric fruit. The peel surface of guava is soft. During transportation, guava surface is rupture lack of proper packaging. Two types of corrugated fibre board (CFB) cartons of 7 and 5 ply and one type of wooden box were designed and fabricated for transportation of guava in Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering (FMPE) Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur in 2013. The dimensions of the cartons were 513 x 300 x 240 mm and 400 x 300 x 300 mm. The 7 ply cartons of both the size were found better than those of 5 ply cartons in terms of static load bearing capacity. The carton of 513 x 300 x 240 mm was better than that of second one. The holding capacities of these cartons were about 18-20 kg of guava. The static load bearing capacities of both the cartons of 7 and 5 ply cartons were 90 and 70 kg, respectively. Green matured guava was harvested, sorted and packed in different packages, such as bamboo basket, wooden box, plastic crate, and CFB cartons. They were transported from Sharupkhati of Barisal to Gazipur by a track. Then the guava packages were opened in FMPE Division, BARI, Gazipur and stored at ambient temperature (28.8 ± 2°C) and humidity (87± 2%) for 8 days. The highest shelf-life of guava was found in wooden box without wrapping and the lowest shelf-life was in CFB cartons with polyethylene (0.05 mm) having 2% perforation. Wooden box was found suitable as packaging material for transportation of guava in terms of freshness, shelf-life, and packaging cost. Packaging cost of CFB cartons was higher followed by that of plastic crate, wooden box, and bamboo basket. Packaging costs of plastic crate and wooden box were cheaper than those of CFB cartons and bamboo basket. Plastic crate and wooden box should be used for local market to transport the fruits. CFB carton may be used for export market or supper market. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i2.20437 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(2): 337-350, June 2014
5
Yang, Jinrong, Shengkai Wu, Lijun Gou, Hangcheng Yu, Chenxi Lin, Jiazhuo Wang, Pan Wang, Minxuan Li, and Xiaoping Li. "SCD: A Stacked Carton Dataset for Detection and Segmentation." Sensors 22, no. 10 (May 10, 2022): 3617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103617.
Full textAbstract:
Carton detection is an important technique in the automatic logistics system and can be applied to many applications such as the stacking and unstacking of cartons and the unloading of cartons in the containers. However, there is no public large-scale carton dataset for the research community to train and evaluate the carton detection models up to now, which hinders the development of carton detection. In this article, we present a large-scale carton dataset named Stacked Carton Dataset (SCD) with the goal of advancing the state-of-the-art in carton detection. Images were collected from the Internet and several warehouses, and objects were labeled for precise localization using instance mask annotation. There were a total of 250,000 instance masks from 16,136 images. Naturally, a suite of benchmarks was established with several popular detectors and instance segmentation models. In addition, we designed a carton detector based on RetinaNet by embedding our proposed Offset Prediction between the Classification and Localization module (OPCL) and the Boundary Guided Supervision module (BGS). OPCL alleviates the imbalance problem between classification and localization quality, which boosts AP by 3.1∼4.7% on SCD at the model level, while BGS guides the detector to pay more attention to the boundary information of cartons and decouple repeated carton textures at the task level. To demonstrate the generalization of OPCL for other datasets, we conducted extensive experiments on MS COCO and PASCAL VOC. The improvements in AP on MS COCO and PASCAL VOC were 1.8∼2.2% and 3.4∼4.3%, respectively.
6
Abdurrachman, Abdurrachman, Basir Basir, and Adistina Fitriani. "STUDI PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT BALANGERAN (Shorea balangeran) DI SHADE HOUSE SETELAH MENGALAMI PENYIMPANAN DALAM KARDUS DAN PEMELIHARAAN DALAM SUNGKUP PLASTIK." Jurnal Sylva Scienteae 3, no. 3 (July 19, 2020): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jss.v3i3.2174.
Full textAbstract:
The research aims to analyze the height anddiameter growth, and survivalpercentage of shorea balangeran seedlingsunder shade house after being kept in the cartons, and tended in the small greenhouse. The method used was a completerandom design. The results showed that the highest high growth of belangeran seedlings under the shadehousewas 3.25 cmthat was reached through the treatmens of keeping the seedlings for 6 days in the carton, and without tending in small green house. The highest diameter growth of belangeran seedlings under the shadehouse was 0.188 cm reached through the treatmens of keeping the seedlings for 9 days in the carton, and tending the seedlings in small green house for 15 days. All belangeran seedlings (141 seedlings) used during the research process were alive under the shade house with the percentage of 100%.
7
Pačekajūtė, Martyna, and Kristina Bazienė. "RIEBALŲ ATSKYRIMO NUO POPIERIAUS EKSPERIMENTINIAI TYRIMAI / EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF FAT SEPARATION FROM PAPER." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 11 (February 1, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2019.7067.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyzes the separation of fats from paper waste packaging. The method is based on interaction with boiling water and greaseproof paper. The cooking process is considered the formation of emulsions according to different slots. The research data are presented and discussed obtained from the analysis of ready-made samples. 20 different fat-coated paper samples have been prapared for research. Ten of them have been selected for printing paper, and another dozen cartons. The half of the samples analyzed are covered with vegetable fat, the remaining samples are vegetable fat. It was found that the carton samples were less opposed to the separation of fat. During the experiment, it was determined that by cooking the cardboard samples coated with olive oil for 5 minutes, 30% of the total fat content was removed. The most effective samples of this type were heated for a long time.
8
Novrianti, S. S., A. I. Jaya, and Resnawati Resnawati. "OPTIMALISASI PENDISTRIBUSIAN BARANG MENGGUNAKAN METODE GOAL PROGRAMMING (STUDI KASUS: PT. WULANTIKA UTAMA)." JURNAL ILMIAH MATEMATIKA DAN TERAPAN 15, no. 1 (May 14, 2018): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/2540766x.2018.v15.i1.10202.
Full textAbstract:
PT.Wulantika Utama is one of distributor in Palu who distribute products from factories to retailers. The purpose of this research are to maximize the distribution numbers of trucks and minimize the cost of distribution. Goal Programming is a method that can solve the problem with more than one purpose. Goal Programming model formulation in this study consists of 5 priority and 5 constraint functions. The fifth priority is the storage capacity, the number of trucks used for the distribution of goods to Donggala, Ampana, Poso, and cost targets are minimum distribution. Constraint function consists of inventory in the warehouse, the number of trucks and distribution costs. The results showed that the supply of goods by the warehouse capacity that can fulfiil the necessary distribution product during a month amounted to 14.755 cartons. Optimal distribution for each destination, in Donggala are 8 trucks with a capacity of 250 cartons, Poso are 20 trucks with a capacity of 300 cartons and Ampana are 14 trucks with a capacity of 500 cartons. This result can save distribution costs of Rp.90.993.009 from the previous distribution costs of Rp. 282 602.689.
9
Mercier, Julien, Paul Walgenbach, and Jorge I. Jiménez. "BiofumigationwithMuscodoralbus Pads for Controlling Decay in Commercial Table Grape Cartons." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 1144D—1144. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1144d.
Full textAbstract:
The volatile-producing fungus Muscodoralbus is being developed as a biological fumigant for postharvest use, as it can kill storage pathogens and control fungal decay in various commodities. A wettable pad or sachet system made of teabag paper containing desiccated rye grain culture of M. albus was designed for the biofumigation of individual fruit containers. The fungus is reactivated before use by a brief immersion of the pad in water. This research was conducted to determine the potential of the pad system for controlling decay of table grapes in commercial cartons. Individual pads containing 24 or 86 g of grain culture (to achieve a 1:10 ratio of fumigant to box volume or a 1:100 ratio of fumigant to fruit weight, respectively) were added to Styrofoam cartons containing 8.6 kg of freshly harvested `Thompson Seedless' (TS) or `Ruby Seedless' (RS) grapes, which were then placed in cold storage at –1 to 0 °C. Control cartons exposed to SO2 were placed in a separate storage room and SO2 fumigation was performed once for TS and weekly for RS. After 8 to 9 weeks, the grapes were taken out of storage and rated for decay. In the experiment with TS, the 24-g and 86-g pads provided significant control of gray mold rot when compared to untreated cartons and were not statistically different from cartons exposed to a single SO2 fumigation. In the experiment with RS, only the 86-g pads provided significant decay control. Measurements of the three most abundant volatile compounds in empty cartons containing 10 g of the biofumigant revealed that partial coverage of holes mimicking obstruction by packed fruit achieved levels of isobutyl alcohol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, and isobutyric acid of 0.7, 1.6, and 11.2 ppb, respectively.
10
Eriksson, Daniel, Gerald E. Loeb, Camilla Persson, and Christer Korin. "Evaluating the use of a tactile sensor for measuring carton compliance." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 35, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 362–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2019-0086.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis work reports the evaluation of a tactile sensor for the potential of using it to measure the compliance of folding cartons. A tactile sensor would make it possible to measure the mechanical behavior locally around the contact point, in contrast to existing methods that measure the global mechanical behavior of the carton. Research on the haptic sense has shown that the local mechanical behavior is more important than the global behavior when humans assess compliance of objects. It is shown that the response of the tactile sensor correlates strongly with the bending stiffness of the board, but also with geometric features. A method for reducing the 22-dimensional output of the sensor to single meaningful feature using linear discriminant analysis is proposed and tested. The results show that the sensor is a good candidate for a method that incorporates both cutaneous and kinaesthetic information in the measure of carton compliance.
11
Suhasman, Muh Yusram Massijaya, and Yusuf Sudo Hadi. "KUALITAS PAPAN KOMPOSIT YANG TERBUAT DARI LIMBAH KAYU SENGON DAN KARTON DAUR ULANG." PERENNIAL 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v2i1.147.
Full textAbstract:
The use of recycled carton as an alternative material for the layer of composite board may increase the board strength properties. The objective of this research was to find out the influence of face and back layer types on the quality of produced boards. Materials used in this study were wafer made from sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen), water based polymer isocyanate adhesive, and several kinds of cartons such as duplex carton, recycled carton, and waste of corrugated board. The composite board was produced with the target density of 0.65 g/cm3 and the resin solid content of 6% based on oven dry weight of particle, face and back layers. The results are as follows : 1) Utilization of carton layers improved the dimensional stability and bending strength of board; 2) Composite board with recycled carton layer fullfilled the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A-5908-1994 for wafer board type in terms of density, water content, and modulus of rupture (MOR) in lengthwise and widhtwise of board but, did not fullfill that for veneered particled board type; 3) The presence of those layer material types decreased internal bond of the board. Keywords : composite board, face and back layer types, recyled carton
12
Chin, Elizabeth. "Action Research in the Classroom: A Case Study from New Haven, Connecticut." Practicing Anthropology 26, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.26.2.a7q20529308l8x34.
Full textAbstract:
Two large, cardboard cartons full of new dolls were delivered to Lucy Aslan's fifth grade classroom at the Lincoln School in New Haven, Connecticut, an unexpected gift from the nation's largest black-owned toy manufacturer, Olmec. Although the boxes remained unopened, the children's eyes strayed toward them often. Most of the 25 children were poor or working class, and all but Carlos were black; only two came from homes where both parents were resident—the rest lived with one parent or households of extended kin; one boy was in and out of a shelter with his mom. The miraculous arrival of several dozen new toys was unprecedented, almost magical.
13
Soares, Therechia A. F., Chriestie E. J. C. Montolalu, and Tohap Manurung. "Analisis Persediaan Karton dengan Metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) (Studi Kasus: PT. Asegar Murni Jaya, Minahasa Utara)." JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 21, no. 2 (October 30, 2021): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.v21i2.30013.
Full textAbstract:
Karton merupakan salah satu bahan baku pembantu yang digunakan dalam produksi Air Mineral dalam Kemasan. Menurut beberapa penelitian Metode EOQ digunakan untuk menganalisa persediaan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan jumlah pemesanan ekonomis menggunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) dan pengoptimalan biaya yang dapat dilakukan dengan metode EOQ. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan November 2019 hingga Januari 2020 di perusahaan PT. Asegar Murni Jaya. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu frekuensi kebutuhan karton, biaya pemesanan bahan baku dan biaya penyimpanan bahan baku. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pemesanan ekonomis menurut metode EOQ untuk karton dengan biaya optimal sebesar unit untuk periode November 2017 – Oktober 2018 dan unit untuk periode November 2018 – Oktober 2019. Terjadi penghematan dalam biaya persediaan untuk periode November 2017 – Oktober 2018 sebesar dan untuk periode November 2018 – Oktober 2019 sebesar .Kata kunci: Economic Order Quantity; karton; persediaan Carton Inventory Analysis Using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Method (Case Study: PT. Asegar Murni Jaya, Minahasa Utara)ABSTRACTCarton is one of the supporting raw materials used in the production of bottled or glass mineral water. Based on some research, for analyzed inventory will be used Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) Method. The purpose of this research was to determine the amount of economic order using Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). This research was conducted in November 2019 until January 2020 at PT. Asegar Murni Jaya. Variables used i.e the frequency of carton demand, ordering cost and holding cost. The results show that it can be seen that economical order according to EOQ method cartons is pcs for November 2017 – October 2018 periode and for November 2018 – October 2019 periode. There were savings in inventory costs for the period November 2017 - October 2018 amounting to and for the period November 2018 - October 2019 amounting to .Keywords : Carton; Economic Order Quantity; inventory
14
Ayele, Wuhib Y., Petra Svastova, Petr Roubal, Milan Bartos, and Ivo Pavlik. "Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Cultured from Locally and Commercially Pasteurized Cow's Milk in the Czech Republic." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 3 (March 2005): 1210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.3.1210-1214.2005.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Between November 2002 and April 2003, 244 bottles and cartons of commercially pasteurized cow's milk were obtained at random from retail outlets throughout the Czech Republic. During the same period, samples of raw milk and of milk that was subsequently subjected to a minimum of 71.7°C for 15 s in a local pasteurization unit were also obtained from two dairy herds, designated herds A and B, with low and high levels, respectively, of subclinical Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection, and from one herd, herd C, without infection. Infection in individual cows in each herd was tested by fecal culturing. Milk samples were brought to the Veterinary Research Institute in Brno, Czech Republic, processed, inoculated onto Herrold's egg yolk slants, and incubated for 32 weeks. Colonies were characterized by morphology, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, mycobactin J dependency, and IS900 PCR results. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was cultured from 4 of 244 units (1.6%) of commercially pasteurized retail milk. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was also cultured from 2 of 100 (2%) cartons of locally pasteurized milk derived from infected herds A and B and from 0 of 100 cartons of milk from uninfected herd C. Raw milk from 1 of 10 (10%) fecal culture-positive cows in herd A and from 13 of 66 (19.7%) fecal culture-positive cows in herd B was culture positive for M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. These findings confirm that M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis is present in raw milk from subclinically infected dairy cows. The culture of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the Czech Republic from retail milk that had been pasteurized locally or commercially to the required national and European Union standards is in agreement with similar research on milk destined for consumers in the United Kingdom and the United States and shows that humans are being exposed to this chronic enteric pathogen by this route.
15
Huang, Li Qiang, and Mo Liu. "Research on Preparation and Characterization of Easy-to-Open Tear Tape for Corrugated Carton." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.525.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presented a novel tape, which was used to open the corrugated cartons more easily and quickly. Structure of the tear tape consisted of backing materials (acrylic fibers), adhesive (acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive) and release paper. Prepared tear tapes with different thickness, analyzed the influence of tear tape thickness on performance of open system and added them to the corrugated board, then tested the opening properties of the corrugated board above. The results indicate that the tape, with 0.18mm in thickness and about 25mm in width, can split high quantitative corrugated board smoothly, the tensile strength for opening is 105N at maximum, which means these tape can satisfy the needs of easy-to-open technique.
16
PRUETT, W. PAYTON, TIMOTHY BIELA, CHARLES P. LATTUADA, PETER M. MROZINSKI, W. MARK BARBOUR, RUSSELL S. FLOWERS, WILLIAM OSBORNE, et al. "Incidence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Frozen Beef Patties Produced over an 8-Hour Shift†." Journal of Food Protection 65, no. 9 (September 1, 2002): 1363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-65.9.1363.
Full textAbstract:
A ground beef patty processor detected Escherichia coli O157:H7 in five production lots during routine testing with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. This finding stimulated research to determine the incidence and potential entry points of the pathogen during processing. One of these lots (53,960 kg) was divided into 71 pallets (760 kg each) of food service ground beef patties. Ten cartons (19 kg each) were removed from each pallet, for a total of 710 cartons. Four patties were taken from each carton and subdivided to provide comparable samples for E. coli O157:H7 analyses by three different laboratories. Two laboratories employed different immunoassay tests, and one used PCR to screen samples. One sample set was analyzed for aerobic plate, coliform, and E. coli Biotype I counts to determine if any relationship existed between these microbial groups and the incidence of E. coli O157:H7. For 73 samples, presumptive positive results for E. coli O157:H7 were obtained by one or more methods. For 48 of these 73 samples, positive results for the pathogen were culture confirmed. The largest number (29) of culture-confirmed positive E. coli O157:H7 results were detected by PCR. Most positive results were obtained during a short segment of processing. All culture-confirmed E. coli O157:H7 strains were further characterized by two genetic subtyping techniques, resulting in two to four different patterns, depending on the subtyping procedure employed. For any sample tested, the aerobic plate count was <3.0 log CFU/g, and coliform and E. coli Biotype I counts were ≤1.00 log CFU/g. The results of this study suggest that most positive samples were associated with a contaminated batch of raw material introduced just before the 1725- to 1844-h processing segment. These results also indicate that more aggressive sampling plans and genetic screening technologies such as PCR may be used to better detect low levels of E. coli O157:H7 in ground beef products.
17
Ritenour, Mark A., Peter J. Stoffella, Zhenli He, Jan A. Narciso, and James J. Salvatore. "(180) Postharvest Calcium Chloride Dips of Whole Tomato Fruit Reduce Postharvest Decay under Commercial Conditions." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1016E—1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1016e.
Full textAbstract:
Previous research showed that mature green tomato fruit dipped 1 to 4 min in a 1% CaCl2 solutions before storage had significantly increased peel calcium content and reduced postharvest decay. The present experiments, conducted over 3-day periods (reps), evaluate treatment effectiveness under commercial packinghouse conditions. Three cartons of 5 × 6 sized mature green `FL 47' tomatoes were collected from the line (control). CaCl2 was then added to the packinghouse 15,142-L dump tank to a concentration of 1% before more fruit were run through the line and three additional cartons collected. The cycle was repeated after bringing the concentration in the dump tank up to 2% CaCl2. After storage for ≤24 days at 20 °C, postharvest decay was significantly reduced in fruit receiving the 2% CaCl2 treatment. Calcium content in the tomato peel tended to increase with each successively higher CaCl2 treatment, but differences were nonsignificant. Laboratory tests showed Rhizopus more affected by 3% CaCl2, while Alternaria was affected by 2% and 3% CaCl2 solutions. Results were recorded as colony diameter, but colony morphology and sporulation were also affected. Inoculation studies of tomatoes dipped in 1% CaCl2 after wounding with Rhizopus or Alternaria showed better decay control when compared to treating before wounding.
18
Narayana, D. B. Anantha. "NEED FOR REGULATORY AFFAIRS PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT." INDIAN DRUGS 57, no. 09 (November 5, 2020): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.57.09.p0005.
Full textAbstract:
Dear Reader, Scientists seldom try to read regulations, let alone understand or interpret them. Most pharmacy students would have studied a subject called Forensic Pharmacy and read the almost bible like book by late Prof. B M Mittal with the same title. Late Mr. KattiShettar, the then Drugs Controller of Karnataka taught me this subject. He used to bring printed cartons, labels, literature while teaching Drugs and Cosmetics Act and Rules in 1970-71. He used to tell me “what kind of research scientist would you become if you don’t know regulations?”
19
Eltantawy, Reham, Antony Paulraj, Larry Giunipero, Dag Naslund, and Abhinay A. Thute. "Towards supply chain coordination and productivity in a three echelon supply chain." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 35, no. 6 (June 1, 2015): 895–924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-10-2013-0459.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address the issue of supply management coordination among a prominent contact lens company (customer), its carton supplier (first tier), and paperboard supplier (second tier). Adopting concepts within the theory of swift and even flow, the authors integrate the physical (material) and information flow among these supply partners to ensure higher productivity through timely production and distribution of the cartons, which reduced the lead-times and inventory levels at the three companies in this supply chain. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a longitudinal case study (action research (AR)), which combines qualitative and quantitative analyses. Observations over time, documents such as contracts, joint agreements, meeting agendas and minutes, personal conversations, and in-depth interviews were mainly used, with quantitative measurement of operational performance. Findings – The complete solution to eliminate waste and improve the existing system is provided, as well as the ordering process solution in the form of service level models. The results of the study proved supply management coordination to be a pioneering approach in reducing inventory, reducing the safety stock at the buyer’s facility, improving the forecasts, lowering the product delivery lead-times, and establishing an information system throughout the three tiers of the supply chain. Originality/value – The paper draws upon real-life data from a three echelon supply chain in the manufacturing industry. Combining this triadic focus with action-based research makes it a unique opportunity to reveal insights into the issue of coordination among supply chain members and consequent performance outcomes.
20
Zhang, Anqi. "Analysis on the Sustainable Development of Gong Cha." Asian Business Research 4, no. 3 (October 8, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/abr.v4i3.684.
Full textAbstract:
We selected Gong Cha Monash branch as the research object, conducted a research focusing on four topics which is Food supply chain, Packaging, Procurement and Transport/distribution, and obtained data through on-site interview, email consultation and questionnaire survey.There are some findings after analysing the collected data. Firstly, the main finding of food supply chain is that Gong Cha used Franchising system; all of the quality of materials can be controlled by head office. Although tribute tea has very little food waste, they waste a lot of water resources. Secondly, the main finding of packaging is that Gong Cha uses about 800 disposable plastic cups and straws in PE and LL materials a day, and about 20% customers choose to use another plastic carry bag to carry the drinking. All these raw materials in Gong Cha are transports in cartons, foam paper, and plastic bags and only the cartons are recycled. Thirdly, the main finding of procurement is that there is a storehouse nearby Monash’s sub-branch to provide relevant materials once per week or the employees can go to the storehouse to acquire materials everyday if they need. In order to keep the same standard of product taste or quality, all the raw materials are originated from Taiwan. The in-store containers are reused products, such as aluminum containers for tea and tea-leaves and recycled plastic boxes for pearl and puddings. Finally, the main finding of distribution is that, tea materials are shipped from Taiwan twice a week. Trucks are used for transportation between stores and warehouses. Gong Cha's use of American-invested power distribution equipment, which uses more light, water or energy than any other, violates Monash's network of sustainable solutions. Gong Cha does not offer any training on how to use the equipment sustainably.
21
Webber, Charles L., and James W. Shrefler. "SQUASH PRODUCTION AND ORGANIC WEED CONTROL." HortScience 41, no. 3 (June 2006): 515A—515. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.3.515a.
Full textAbstract:
Although CGM has been identified as an organic herbicide for weed control in turf and established vegetable plants, direct contact with vegetable seeds can decrease crop seedling development and plant survival by inhibiting root and shoot development. The objective of this research was to determine the impact of banded corn gluten meal applications on squash plant survival and yields. This factorial field study was conducted during Summer 2005 on 81-cm-wide raised beds at Lane, Okla., with two application configurations (banded and solid), two CGM formulations (powdered and granulated), two incorporation treatments (incorporated and nonincorporated), and three application rates (250, 500, and 750 g·m–2). The two CGM formulations at three application rates were uniformly applied in both banded and solid patterns on 19 Aug. The banded application created a 7.6-cm wide CGM-free planting zone in the middle of the raised bed. The CGM applications were then either incorporated into the top 2.5 to 5.0 cm of the soil surface with a rolling cultivator or left undisturbed on the soil surface. `Lemondrop' summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) was then direct-seeded into the center of the raised beds. When averaged across the other factors, there was no significant difference between powdered and granulated CGM formulations or incorporating and nonincorporating the CGM for either squash plant survival or yields. As the CGM application rates increased the plant survival and yields decreased. Banded application resulted in significantly greater crop safety (90% plant survival) and yields (445 cartons/ha) than the broadcast (solid) applications (45% plant survival and 314 cartons/ha). The research demonstrated the potential usefulness of CGM in direct-seeded squash production, if used in banded application configuration.
22
Brock, Alice, and Ian D. Williams. "Life Cycle Assessment of Beverage Packaging." Detritus, no. 13 (October 5, 2020): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2020.14025.
Full textAbstract:
Global plastic production has been increasing annually since World War II and is currently 380 million tonnes. Global concern about pollution from plastics in the seas and the environmental costs of plastics manufacture is rising. This study aimed to: i) review the costs, benefits, advantages / disadvantages of plastics as packaging materials and ii) use life cycle assessment to determine if there is less environmentally impactful beverage packaging than plastic bottles. As different beverages have different packaging needs, three categories were used: commonly used containers for milk, fruit juice and pressurised ‘fizzy’ drinks. The packaging types included in the assessment were glass bottles, aluminium cans, milk cartons, Tetra Pak, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and high-density polythene (HDPE) bottles. The ISO 14040:2006 and ISO 14044:2006 standards for life cycle assessment formed the basis of the methodology. The open source software openLCA was used to conduct the assessments. Data was assembled from LCA databases such as the European reference Life Cycle Database of the Joint Research Center (ELCD), existing life cycle assessments, scientific reports and peer reviewed literature. The functional unit was set at a container that held one litre of fluid. The results found that in each category there was a less impactful beverage packaging than plastic bottles. In the Pressurised Beverage Category, 100% recycled aluminium cans would be the least impactful option, in the Fruit Juice Beverage Category Tetra Pak would be the least impactful option and in the Milk Beverage Category milk cartons would be the least impactful option.
23
Fanny, Trio, Eliyani Eliyani, and Odit Ferry Kurniadinata. "Can We Grow Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Root in Hydroponic System with Simple Growing Media?" Journal of Tropical Horticulture 3, no. 2 (November 23, 2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33089/jthort.v3i2.50.
Full textAbstract:
Unlike conventional agriculture, urban hydroponics are widely on a small yard scale. Hydroponics is a term used for farming without using soil as a growth medium. Plants can be planted in pots or other containers using water and other porous materials as growing media. Cheap, easily obtainable, and efficient growing media types are needed for urban communities to cultivate vegetable crops, especially shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.). Shallots have an important meaning, both in terms of high economic value and their nutritional content. It is unknown if the shallots are cultivated in a hydroponic system and how the performance of its roots and the suitable simple growing media for growing shallots in hydroponic will be enhanced. Therefore, this research was conducted to study the performance of shallot roots in several alternative hydroponic media and obtain growing media that can provide the best growth on the performance of shallot roots in the hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted in 3 months at the Glass House and Integrated laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University, Indonesia. This research was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four replications. The factor is the growing media (m) which consists of 4 levels, namely: m1 = sand (± 80-100 mesh); m2 = burnt rice husk; m3 = egg cartons; and m4 = wood shavings (± 90-120 mesh). Data retrieval by observing the following parameters: Leaf length (cm), Number of leaves (strands), Number of plant bulbs (bulbs), bulbs wet weight (grams), bulbs dry weight (grams), Longest root length (cm), and Total root length (m). This research showed that the burnt rice husk and wood shavings growing media influence the growth and performance of the shallots' roots (Allium ascalonicum L.) plants and can be used as the simple growing media in urban hydroponic as Household scale cultivation. On the other hand, the growing media from sand and egg cartons are not recommended for growing shallots in the hydroponic system.
24
Juanda, Juanda. "SYDNEY CARTON AS A SUBJECT AND OBJECT IN A TALE OF TWO CITIES NOVEL." Apollo Project: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Sastra Inggris 7, no. 2 (August 14, 2018): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/apollo.v7i2.2090.
Full textAbstract:
The article entitled “Sydney Carton character’s as a Subject and Object in A Tale of Two Cities novel” analyzes a character named Sydney Carton who has important role in a story who is becoming subject and object during events in a story and they occur in the same time. This research uses narratology by Mieke Bal (2009) and focused on subject and object in actors element of element of fabula. This research is purposed to analyze Carton’s role for other characters in the story. To analyze those issues, qualitative method and descriptive analysis are used. This research shows that Carton’s position is significant when he plays the role. This research is significant because Carton has double position in one moment, as a subject that oppress object and as an object that oppressed by the subject.
25
Li, Chen, Bin Cao, and Shi Zhou You. "Simulation of Huangguan Pear Vibration Damage during Transportation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 63-64 (June 2011): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.63-64.453.
Full textAbstract:
With the economic development and the improvement of living standards, the demands for the excellent quality fruits grow quickly, while fresh fruits are restricted by the region and season, transportation plays an important role in it. Vibration causes fruits mechanical and physical damage during transportation and affects the fruits storage characteristics and sales. This paper selects Huangguan pear as the research object, using frequency spectral density curve simulates the vibration damage condition of the Huangguan pears in cartons during the actual transportation. Through the simulation results analyze the damage level under the conditions of different packaging forms and different situations and different stacking, and then analyze the relationship of the vibration damage and the other factors. Finally the paper puts forward the Huangguan pear packaging improvements.
26
Fernando, Indika, Jiangang Fei, Roger Stanley, Hossein Enshaei, and Alieta Eyles. "Quality deterioration of bananas in the post-harvest supply chain- an empirical study." Modern Supply Chain Research and Applications 1, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mscra-05-2019-0012.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Quality deterioration in bananas along the supply chain (SC) due to cosmetic damage has been a persistent challenge in Australia. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the incidence of cosmetic defects in bananas across the post-harvest SC and determining the causes of the diminished fruit quality at the retail stores. Design/methodology/approach The study quantified the level of cosmetic damage in 243 cartons of Cavendish bananas across three post-harvest SCs in Australia from pack houses to retail stores and identified the risk factors for cosmetic defects. Findings The level of cosmetic damage progressively increased from pack house (1.3 per cent) to distribution centre (DC) (9.0 per cent) and retail (13.3 per cent) and was significantly influenced by package height and pallet positioning during transit. Abrasion damage in ripened bananas was influenced by the travel distance between DC and retail store. The study also revealed a range of risk factors contributing to the observed damage including weakened paperboard cartons due to high moisture absorption during the ripening process. Research limitations/implications This study only investigated damage incidence in three post-harvest banana SCs in Australia and the damage assessments were confined to packaged bananas. Originality/value This study assessed the quality of bananas along the entire post-harvest SC from farm gate to retail store. The study provided knowledge of the extent of the quality defects, when and where the damage occurred and demonstrated the underlying factors for damage along the SC. This will enable the development of practical interventions to improve the quality and minimize wastage of bananas in the retail markets.
27
Liu, Ziqi, Junyi Lou, Yue Wang, and Yuhe Xiao. "Research on Youth Consumer Behavior and Brand Marketing Strategy of Want Want Group." BCP Business & Management 32 (November 22, 2022): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v32i.2884.
Full textAbstract:
This paper studied the teenage consumer behavior and brand marketing of Want Want Group because the main consumer group of the Want Want brand is teenagers, and it is difficult for Want Want to break through the current state. The consumer population is slowly updating, although it is trying to become younger. Want Want needs a more optimized strategy to maintain the freshness it brings to consumers to attract more young people’s attention and consumers. This paper also used the survey method and comparative analysis and found that when buying snacks, most people are most concerned about the price of snacks. More than ordinary people choose paper bags or cartons as snack packaging. More than half of the people learn about Want Want products through TV advertisements. Most people think that the disadvantages of the Want Want brand are that the packaging is not exquisite enough, and the celebrity publicity is not in place. It is believed that the frequency of TV advertisements for the Want Want is low. Many people will choose to buy Want Want products because of their spokespersons. The people aged 17-18 account for the largest proportion of Want Want target consumers. Want Want needs to increase the delivery of advertisements and increase the delivery of advertisements. Want Want can choose short videos as a form of advertising and add more pictures to attract consumers. Want Want also can add celebrity spokespersons to encourage consumers to buy their products.
28
Webber, Charles L., and James W. Shrefler. "CORN GLUTEN MEAL: ALTERNATIVE WEED CONTROL FOR SQUASH." HortScience 40, no. 3 (June 2005): 884e—884. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.884e.
Full textAbstract:
Corn gluten meal (CGM) has been identified as a potential organic preemergence and preplant-incorporated herbicide. It is an environmentally friendly material that has demonstrated ability to decrease seedling development and plant survival by inhibiting root and shoot development. Unfortunately, CGM can also decrease the development and plant survival of direct-seeded vegetable crops. As a result, the use of CGM is not recommended in conjunction with direct-seeded vegetables. The development of equipment to apply CGM in banded configurations has created an opportunity to investigate whether banded CGM applications will provide significant crop safety for direct-seeded vegetables. The objective of this research was to determine the impact of banded CGM applications on squash plant survival and yields. A factorial field study was conducted during the summer of 2004 on 81-cm-wide raised beds at Lane, Okla., with two application configurations (banded and solid), two CGM formulations (powdered and granulated), two incorporation treatments (incorporated and non-incorporated), and three application rates (250, 500, and 750 g·m–2). The two CGM formulations at three application rates were uniformly applied in both banded and solid patterns on 18 Aug. The banded application created a 7.6-cm-wide CGM-free planting zone in the middle of the raised bed. The CGM applications were then either incorporated into the top 2.5 to 5.0 cm of the soil surface with a rolling cultivator or left undisturbed on the soil surface. `Lemondrop' summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) was then direct-seeded into the center of the raised beds. When averaged across the other factors, there was not a significant difference between powdered and granulated CGM formulations or incorporating and non-incorporating the CGM for either squash plant survival or yields. CGM application rates made a significant difference for both squash survival and yields, when averaged across all other factors. As the CGM application rate increased, the plant survival and yields decreased. When averaged across all other factors, the banded application resulted in significantly greater crop safety (59% plant survival) and yields (228 cartons/ha) than the solid applications (25% plant survival and 118 cartons/ha). The research demonstrated the potential usefulness of CGM in direct-seeded squash production, if used in a banded application configuration. Additional research should further investigate the interaction of CGM application rates and the width of the CGM-free zone on crop safety for various vegetables.
29
Djidonou, Desire, Zhifeng Gao, and Xin Zhao. "Economic Analysis of Grafted Tomato Production in Sandy Soils in Northern Florida." HortTechnology 23, no. 5 (October 2013): 613–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.23.5.613.
Full textAbstract:
In addition to controlling soilborne diseases, grafting with selected rootstocks has the potential to enhance growth and yields in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production. However, information is rather limited regarding its economic viability in different production systems in the United States. The objective of this study was to compare the costs and returns of grafted vs. nongrafted fresh-market tomato production under common management practices in fumigated fields in northern Florida. The field trials were conducted in Live Oak, FL, during Spring 2010 and 2011. ‘Florida 47’ tomato was grafted onto two interspecific hybrid tomato rootstocks: ‘Beaufort’ and ‘Multifort’. Grafted and nongrafted ‘Florida 47’ plants were grown on fumigated raised beds with polyethylene mulch and drip irrigation using recommended commercial production practices for nutrient and pest management. The estimated costs of grafted and nongrafted transplants were $0.67 and $0.15 per plant, respectively, resulting in an additional cost of $3020.16 per acre for using grafted transplants as compared with nongrafted plants. Grafting also led to higher costs of harvesting and marketing tomato fruit as a result of yield improvement (1890 to 2166 25-lb cartons per acre for grafted plant vs. 1457 to 1526 25-lb cartons per acre for nongrafted plant). Partial budget analyses showed that using grafted transplants increased tomato production costs by $4488.03–$5189.76 per acre depending on the rootstock and growing season. However, compared with nongrafted tomato, the net farm return of grafted tomato production was increased by $253.32–$2458.24 per acre based on the tomato shipping point prices. Sensitivity analysis further demonstrated that grafting would be more profitable as the costs of grafted transplants decreased and the market tomato prices increased. These results indicated that although grafting increased the total cost of production, the increase in marketable fruit yield generated significant gross returns to offset costs associated with the use of grafted tomato transplants. Nevertheless, further research is warranted to provide more production budget and net return data about the economic feasibility of grafted tomato production based on a wide range of commercial growing conditions in Florida.
30
Ternytskyi, Serhii, Ivan Rehei, Nazar Kandiak, Ihor Radikhovskyi, and Oksana Mlynko. "Experimental Research of Paperboard Cutting in Die Cutting Press with the Screw–Nut Transmission of Drive Mechanism of a Movable Pressure Plate." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 15, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ama-2021-0017.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper reports experimental research of torques during paperboard cutting in the die cutting press with the screw–nut transmission in the drive mechanism of the movable pressure plate. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the practical implementation of the pressure plate drive mechanism with the use of screw–nut transmission for the production of cartons of paperboard blanks. The manufactured experimental bench for the research of paperboard blanks provides the possibility of getting dependencies of loads on different parameters of the die cutting process. The developed method of the experimental research envisages the use of the strain gauge method and the wireless module for data measurement and software for its processing that allow getting trustworthy results with minimum faults. As a result of experimental research studies, the impact of paperboard thickness and cutting velocity on torque values has been established. Results of experimental research allow getting trustworthy and systematised information about torque values depending on the thickness of the paperboard, the paperboard fibre direction and pressure plate displacement velocity. It is established that torque values on drive shaft during die cutting of paperboard blanks made of folding boxboard with thickness that lay in range of 0.3–0.7 mm. Experimental research studies show the impact of rotation speed of a drive shaft of the pressure plate drive mechanism on the torque value. The article shows the workability of the designed device with screw–nut transmission in the drive mechanism of a movable pressure plate.
31
Mahanani, Anti Uni, and Inrianti. "Perbandingan tumpukan beras Bulog terhadap populasi kutu beras (Sitophilus oryzae L.) dan mutu beras selama masa simpan di Kabupaten Jayawijaya." Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 17, no. 2 (February 26, 2021): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/jip.v17i2.5191.
Full textAbstract:
This study was aimed to find out the effect of rice pile on pest population and the quality of rice during storage; find out which pile of Bulog rice produces the populations of Rice Weevil pest the most during storage; find out which pile of Bulog rice that produces the best quality during storage. This research was conducted in the laboratory of STIPER Petra Baliem Wamena and the Faculty of Agricultural, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta. The observation was done in 1 year, from March 2019 to March 2020. The materials and tools used are Bulog rice, rice weevil pest, cartons, plastics, digital scales, stationary, and oven. The research method applies a Completely Randomized Design. The treatments are G1: 15 Bulog rice pile; G2: 20 Bulog rice pile; G3: 25 Bulog rice pile. The results showed that: 1) The rice pile affected the pest population and the quality of rice during storage; 2) G3 condition produced more rice weevil population than others; 3) G1 condition produced the highest final weight of rice, the lowest broken rice, the highest intact rice, the lowest water content, and ash content, and the highest fat content, protein content, and carbohydrate content.
32
Cinar, Sinan. "Integration of engineering design in early education: How to achieve it." Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 14, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 520–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v11i4.4057.
Full textAbstract:
Young boys and girls make houses and beds from cloths and cartons for their dolls, erect shelters and fences for toy animals, build ramps and garages from blocks for toy cars, and lift objects using a rope and reel for having fun. Thanks to their experiences with such design-based games, children combine science with engineering and try to understand and explain the facts and happenings around them with their own information and explanations. In recent years, the literature heavily provided marked evidence that integration of engineering design into science and maths curricula from preschool up to the end of senior high school offers various learning opportunities. Despite bearing potentials for achieving objectives of preschool education, curriculum integration poses the question of ‘How to achieve the integration’ to preschool teachers. In this research, engineering design methods were introduced to a number of preschool teachers so that they could build a learning environment on engineering design in their classes and then an account of implementation of such an activity as a part of preschool education.
Keywords: Engineering design, pre-school period, STEM education.
33
Cinar, Sinan. "Integration of engineering design in early education: How to achieve it." Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 14, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 520–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v14i4.4057.
Full textAbstract:
Young boys and girls make houses and beds from cloths and cartons for their dolls, erect shelters and fences for toy animals, build ramps and garages from blocks for toy cars, and lift objects using a rope and reel for having fun. Thanks to their experiences with such design-based games, children combine science with engineering and try to understand and explain the facts and happenings around them with their own information and explanations. In recent years, the literature heavily provided marked evidence that integration of engineering design into science and maths curricula from preschool up to the end of senior high school offers various learning opportunities. Despite bearing potentials for achieving objectives of preschool education, curriculum integration poses the question of ‘How to achieve the integration’ to preschool teachers. In this research, engineering design methods were introduced to a number of preschool teachers so that they could build a learning environment on engineering design in their classes and then an account of implementation of such an activity as a part of preschool education.
Keywords: Engineering design, pre-school period, STEM education.
34
Rizaluddin, Andri Taufick, Ike Rostika, and Reza Bastari Imran Wattimena. "Potensi Karton Bekas Minuman sebagai Komposit PolyAl-Fiber." JURNAL SELULOSA 10, no. 01 (June 30, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25269/jsel.v10i01.293.
Full textAbstract:
Dalam rangka penanggulangan limbah karton bekas minuman (KBM), telah dikembangkan proses daur ulang untuk mengembalikannya menjadi bahan baku. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi pemanfaatan KBM sebagai bahan baku komposit yang lebih tahan air, dan membandingkannya dengan spesifikasi teknis produk sejenis. Pembuatan komposit dilakukan dengan pemanasan menggunakan alat hot press pada suhu 165oC dan tekanan 25-30 kg/cm2 selama 10 menit. Produk komposit yang diperoleh memiliki nilai bending strength 12,78 MPa, bending modulus 11,60 GPa, flammability 3 cm/menit, daya serap air 2,1-14,1%, kadar air 0,9-1,9%, dan rapat massa 0,68-0,94 g/cm3, pada ketebalan 2,5-3,5 mm. Komposit PolyAl-fiber dapat memenuhi persyaratan standar papan serat, papan partikel maupun komposit kayu plastik tanpa penambahan bahan maupun proses lain, yang mengindikasikan komposit PolyAl-fiber memiliki potensi untuk digunakan dalam berbagai keperluan sejenis. Komposit PolyAl-fiber akan dapat menghasilkan papan komposit dengan kualitas lebih baik, karena lebih fleksibel, lebih tahan air, dan lebih tahan api bila dibandingkan dengan produk lain yang terbuat dari bahan baku kayu atau biomassa.Potential of Used Beverages Cartons for PolyAl-Fiber Composite AbstractVarious recycling processes have been developed to overcome the problem of used beverage carton (UBC) waste. Research was conducted to determine the potential utilization of UBC as a material for more waterproof composite and compared it to similar products. The composites were made using hot press machine at temperature of 165oC and pressure of 25-30 kg/cm2 for 10 minutes with 5% - 30% fiber content. The PolyAl-fiber composite obtained had bending strength of 12.78 MPa, bending modulus of 11.60 GPa, flammability of 3 cm/min, water absorption of 2.1-14.1%, moisture content of 0.9-1.9%, and density of 0.68-0.94 g/cm3, at thickness of 2.5-3.5 mm. The PolyAl-fiber composite could meet the requirements for fiberboard, particleboard, or plastic wood composite standards without extra additives or treatment to the raw materials, indicating that it could be used for similar purposes. The PolyAl-fiber composites may able to produce a better quality of composite boards, due to their flexible, waterproof, and fire-resistant characteristics compared to similar products made from wood or
35
André, Telma, Dárida Maria Fernandes, and Maria Inês Pinho. "UKIDS – Trash Value: Educating With Citizenship in an Interdisciplinary Context." Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 124–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/dcse-2021-0021.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Supervised Teaching Practice (PES) should promote the development of skills associated with the profile of the teacher-researcher, namely: observation, recording, analysis, reflection. At the same time, it should provide children with rich and diverse experiences that produce education for (with) citizenship. The research project developed at PES was based on the European project UKIDS (Erasmus +) and was based on learning by project methodology, allowing for interdisciplinary knowledge. The challenges set in the project offer a variety of tasks to work on aspects such as initiative, motivation and innovation, as well as, trust and responsible social participation. Specifically, the Trash Value challenge, proposes to give a new life to waste, respecting a sustainable environment. Based on the implementation of this challenge and using the egg cartons, it was investigated how this material potentiated the development of social skills, reasoning and mathematical communication of children in the 4th year of schooling. The research methodology had characteristics of action-research, selecting different techniques and instruments for data collection. In addition to the pre-test and post-test carried out on the students and the teacher in charge of the class, audio recordings, field notes, photographic records and children’s productions were collected and organized in the form of multimodal narration. After conducting the study, it was possible to verify that the Trash Value challenge promoted the development of social skills, with a greater focus on cooperation, self-control and responsibility. Convergingly, problem-solving and mathematical communication skills have improved considerably, in an environment rich in children’s environmental awareness.
36
Pratiwi, Annisa Indah, and Ragil Yuli Santosa. "PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PADA PROSES PENERIMAAN BARANG UNTUK MENURUNKAN DEFECT PRODUCT DENGAN PENDEKATAN SIX SIGMA." Industry Xplore 6, no. 1 (March 16, 2021): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36805/teknikindustri.v6i1.1381.
Full textAbstract:
The industrial revolution 4.0 has an impact on the progress of a global business, including in Indonesia. One of the companies affected is the Logistics Company. In this research, a logistics company is a company engaged in warehousing and logistics services or 3PL (third party logistics service providers). Based on the research results, it is known that there are five types of products with the highest number of defects in the last six months, namely ER180, IA195, IA120, SL235 and IA220 products. From the Pareto diagram, it is known that the ER180 product is the product that has the highest defect percentage among other products, namely as much as 52%. The processing results obtained an average DPMO value of 185.68538 failures per one million and a sigma level of about 5.06 with a COPQ level of 5-15%. Based on data analysis using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, there are six types of product defects, namely dented packaging, damaged outer cartons, leaking products, rotten products, inappropriate product dimensions and plain packaging. The main causes of product defects are MHE operators who are not careful, the use of damaged wooden pallets and the lack of lighting in the work area. Based on the analysis using FTA and FMEA, the proposed quality improvement for the company, namely conducting training and training so that employee knowledge and skills increase, selection of pallets according to standards and adding lighting in the work area.
37
Wang, Jenhung, and Pei-Chun Lin. "Should the Same Products Consumed in Different Retail Channels Have an Identical Carbon Footprint? An Environmental Assessment of Consumer Preference of Retail Channels and Mode of Transport." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020615.
Full textAbstract:
This study involved an environmental assessment of retail channels using the simplified life-cycle assessment (LCA) method to quantify the environmental impact of packaged beverages consumed in 7-Eleven convenience stores (c-stores) and Carrefour hypermarkets, with the aim of offering shoppers more environmentally friendly chain stores. The life-cycle impact assessment (LCIA) of packaged drinks at the point of sale (POS) shows the environmental impact of (1) consumer transportation mode and (2) truck distribution. A comparative analysis was conducted on the consumption of 1800 cartons of packaged beverages in c-stores compared to hypermarket channels replenished by individual distribution systems. The paired t-test was used to assess the impact of the consumption of 1800 boxes of 24 packs of 10-ounce drinks. The significance level of the beverages consumed in Carrefour and 7-Eleven c-stores differed by 0.1. The logistics-focused LCA explained the environmental and business rationale for replenishment and sustainable customer transportation. We conclude that, due to consumer preference for retail channels and mode of transport, the carbon footprint for the same products consumed in different channels should not be identical. The research demonstrated a tool to convey more environmental profiles of transportation mode selection to consumers and contribute to building sustainable communities.
38
Sirisomboon, Panmanas, and Jutarat Nawayon. "Evaluation of soluble solids of curry soup containing coconut milk by near infrared spectroscopy." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 25, no. 3 (June 2017): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967033517711472.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research was to do a feasibility study of near infrared spectroscopy to evaluate soluble solids of curry soup containing coconut milk. The soup samples were collected from mixing tanks, water adjusting tanks, an ultra-high temperature process line and laminated cartons. There were also soluble solids adjusted samples by adding or reducing coconut sugar where the curry was made from the same recipe as in the processing line but increasing 30, 60 and 90% coconut sugar and reducing 30, 60 and 90% coconut sugar from normal. There were 119 samples in total. Sample was scanned with an FT-NIR spectrometer. A prediction model for soluble solids was established using near infrared spectral data in conjunction with partial least squares regression. When validated using a set of test samples, the model developed using spectra pretreated by min-max normalization in the range 9403.8–6094.3 cm−1, provided a coefficient of determination (r2), root mean square error of prediction, bias and ratio of performance to interquartile of 0.92, 1.0°Brix, 0.1°Brix and 2.4, respectively. It showed the potential of using near infrared spectroscopy to evaluate soluble solids in curry soup. With further development using more natural samples, a more robust model could be achieved to evaluate soluble solids in curry soup in a processing factory.
39
Keek, Joe Siang, Ser Lee Loh, and Shin Horng Chong. "Design and Control System Setup of an E-Pattern Omniwheeled Cellular Conveyor." Machines 9, no. 2 (February 20, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines9020043.
Full textAbstract:
The addition of omnidirectional capability and modularization to conveyor systems is an exciting and trending topic in current conveyor research. The implementation of omnidirectional modular conveyors is foreseen as mandatory in the future of conveyor technologies due to their flexibility and efficiency. In this paper, an E-pattern omniwheeled cellular conveyor (EOCC) is first introduced. Camera and image processing techniques are utilized to achieve a centralized system, which is more robust than conventional decentralized systems. In order for cartons to maneuver across the EOCC, a unique method for activation of the actuators is subsequently designed. Next, the nominal characteristic of the EOCC is analyzed based on the step responses, which then inspire the proposal of four simple controllers, namely the P–P–P–P controller, tTS + P–P–P–P controller, P–P–PD–PD controller, and tTS + P–P–PD–PD controller (P for proportional, D for derivative and tTS for time-shifting), which are used to evaluate the tracking performance of the EOCC in diagonal-shaped, ∞-shaped (horizontal lemniscus), and 8-shaped (vertical lemniscus) trajectories. The results show that there is no clear winner among the controllers, with each having its own advantages and disadvantages. Nevertheless, such findings provide clearer insight into the EOCC, which is vital for future works. After all, the introduction of the EOCC system in this paper is also anticipated to elevate the benchmarks and competitiveness in the current field of modern conveyor technologies.
40
Laorenza, Yeyen, Vanee Chonhenchob, Nattinee Bumbudsanpharoke, Weerachet Jittanit, Sudathip Sae-tan, Chitsiri Rachtanapun, Wasaporn Pretescille Chanput, et al. "Polymeric Packaging Applications for Seafood Products: Packaging-Deterioration Relevance, Technology and Trends." Polymers 14, no. 18 (September 6, 2022): 3706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183706.
Full textAbstract:
Seafood is a highly economical product worldwide. Primary modes of deterioration include autolysis, oxidation of protein and lipids, formation of biogenic amines and melanosis, and microbial deterioration. These post-harvest losses can be properly handled if the appropriate packaging technology has been applied. Therefore, it is necessary for packaging deterioration relevance to be clearly understood. This review demonstrates recent polymeric packaging technology for seafood products. Relationship between packaging and quality deterioration, including microbial growth and chemical and biochemical reactions, are discussed. Recent technology and trends in the development of seafood packaging are demonstrated by recent research articles and patents. Development of functional polymers for active packaging is the largest area for seafood applications. Intelligent packaging, modified atmosphere packaging, thermal insulator cartons, as well as the method of removing a fishy aroma have been widely developed and patented to solve the specific and comprehensive quality issues in seafood products. Many active antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds have been found and successfully incorporated with polymers to preserve the quality and monitor the fish freshness. A thermal insulator has also been developed for seafood packaging to preserve its freshness and avoid deterioration by microbial growth and enzymatic activity. Moreover, the enhanced biodegradable tray is also innovative as a single or bulk fish container for marketing and distribution. Accordingly, this review shows emerging polymeric packaging technology for seafood products and the relevance between packaging and seafood qualities.
41
Rahmawati, Dita. "Evaluation of Fire Mitigation and Fire Protection in a Cooking Oil Processing Company." Indonesian Journal Of Occupational Safety and Health 10, no. 1 (March 17, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v10i1.2021.43-55.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: A fire ever took place in the early 2019 in one of the cooking oil processing companies in Sidoarjo. This is because the company had a storage warehouse of cartons, jerry cans, and plastic packaging,categorized into flammable materials. The flame was suspected from rags that were exposed to spills of cooking oil, oxygen, and heat from direct sunlight and cigarette butts. The research objectives of this study are to study the implementation of fire mitigation unit and also active and passive fire protection facilities in one of the cooking oil processing companies in Sidoarjo. Methods: The study was observational with a cross sectional design and was analyzed descriptively. It evaluated the suitability of the observational data with the Minister of Manpower Decree Number 186 Year 1999, Minister of Public Work Regulation Number 26 Year 2008, and Minister of Manpower and Transmigration Regulation Number 4 Year 1980. The variables consisted of 1 fire mitigation unit, 1 waterway, 34 fire extinguishers, 7 emergency exits, 41 evacuation routes, and 2 assembly points. Data were collected through the observation and document study. Then, the data were presented in a narrative form. Results: 79.2% of fire mitigation units, 77.6% of active fire protection facilities, and 57.1% of passive fire protection facilities in one of the cooking oil processing companies in Sidoarjo are appropriate with the applicable regulations. Conclusion: The fulfillment level of fire mitigation units and active fire protection facilities are high, while the fulfillment level of passive fire protection facilities are moderate.Keywords: active and passive fire protection, evaluation, fire mitigation
42
Rover, Tom A., J. V. Edelson, and B. Cartwright. "Effect of Various Soil and Foliar Applied Insecticides on Leafminers in Bell Peppers, 1984." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.127.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Pepper seeds were planted 15 Mar on a Willacy fine sandy loam into double-row beds (10 inch rows, 40 inch ceners) at the Texas A&M Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX. Plots were 45 ft long by 2 beds wide and bordered by 1 row of forage sorglium. Sixteen treatments were replicated 5 times in a randomized complete block design. Soil treatments were injected as a side-dress application to each row on 15 May using gravity-fed soil injection equipment at a rate of 10 gal/ acre. Foliar treatments were applied weekly beginning 15 May through a CO2 powered, tractor-mounted spray boom at 5.5 gal/acre (4 mph, 45 psi, 2 TX4 hollow cone nozzles/bed). Monitor and Trithion were applied at 10 lb (AI)/acre during the first 4 sprays and at 1 lb (AI)/acre during the last 4 sprays. Spray dates were 1, 8, 15, 21 and 29 Jun and 6, 13 and 20 Jul. Efiicacy was evaluated using 4 methods. (1) Weekly leaf samples were collected from each plot 72 h post-spray (10 leaves/plot) and held in modified 1 pt ice cream cartons for adult emergence. (2) Weekly counts of larvae and pupae were collected from 3 styrofoam pupal trays/plot. (3) Counts of leaf abscission points (LAP) and remaining leaves (RL) were taken from 10 randomly selected plants/plot. Percent leaf drop (PDL) was calculated by the formula LAP/(LAF + RL) X 100. (4) Fruit was collected from 10 randomly selected plants/plot.
43
Elyamny, Shaimaa, Ali Hamdy, Rehab Ali, and Hesham Hamad. "Role of Combined Na2HPO4 and ZnCl2 in the Unprecedented Catalysis of the Sequential Pretreatment of Sustainable Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Wastes in Boosting Bioethanol Production." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3 (February 4, 2022): 1777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031777.
Full textAbstract:
Improper lignocellulosic waste disposal causes severe environmental pollution and health damage. Corn Stover (CS), agricultural, and aseptic packaging, Tetra Pak (TP) cartons, agro-industrial, are two examples of sustainable wastes that are rich in carbohydrate materials and may be used to produce valuable by-products. In addition, attempts were made to enhance cellulose fractionation and improve enzymatic saccharification. In this regard, these two wastes were efficiently employed as substrates for bioethanol production. This research demonstrates the effect of disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) (NZ) as a new catalyst on the development of the sequential pretreatment strategy in the noticeable enzymatic hydrolysis. Physico-chemical changes of the native and the pretreated sustainable wastes were evaluated by compositional analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). These investigations showed major structural changes after the optimized sequential pretreatment. This pretreatment not only influences the delignification process, but also affects the functionalization of cellulose chemical structure. NZ released a higher glucose concentration (328.8 and 996.8 mg/dl) than that of ZnCl2 (Z), which released 203.8 and 846.8 mg/dl from CS and TP, respectively. This work led to the production of about 500 mg/dl of ethanol, which is promising and a competitor to other studies. These findings contribute to increasing the versatility in the reuse of agricultural and agro-industrial wastes to promote interaction areas of pollution prevention, industrialization, and clean energy production, to attain the keys of sustainable development goals.
44
Masjhoer, Jussac Maulana. "Partisipasi Pelaku Usaha Pariwisata dalam Pengelolaan Sampah di Pantai Pulang Sawal, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta." Jurnal Pariwisata Terapan 2, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpt.43179.
Full textAbstract:
Tourism business actors at Pulang Sawal Beach produce waste as many as tourists visit. The waste management issues at the beach area could affect the tourist’s comfort if the problems left unsolved. This study aims to determine the type of waste generated, as well as the participation of tourism business actors in waste management. The type of research used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The population in this study is a tourism business actor at Pulang Sawal Beach. The sampling method used in this study is simple random sampling. Data collection techniques are through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data obtained is then analyzed using qualitative analysis. The type of organic waste produced is in the form of food leftovers, raw materials leftovers, paper, cardboard, cartons, newspapers, etc. While the types of inorganic waste produced are plastic bags, food packaging, plastic and glass bottles, etc. The results showed that tourism business actors participated in the decision-making stage as much as 37%, participated in the implementation of 67.8%, participated in taking benefits as much as 100%, and participated in the evaluation phase as much as 95%. Low participation in decision making due to the lack of knowledge related to waste management, so they choose to listen and accept every decision that is made. They have not implemented good waste management. Tourism business actors agree that a clean business environment benefits both the convenience of work and visitors and assesses that waste management is in accordance with planning.
45
Li, Ruo Lei, Zhi Jian Duan, and Chao Ma. "Special-Shaped Carton Visual CAD Research Based on Components." Applied Mechanics and Materials 127 (October 2011): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.127.511.
Full textAbstract:
With the great development of commodity economy, the packaging of goods has become an extremely important factor to get the advantages in the market competition. As to paper packaging, people are taking more and more attention on the design of Special-shaped Cartons.Limited by the three-dimensional way of paper, the carton CAD/CAM systems generally use the design process of "carton shape chose from the carton library →parameters set and modified →the 3D model established following the existing way", development for new carton shapes are still depended on the folding-test by the designer's hand. Design of the Carton Planar Structure usually has a time distance with Design of the Carton 3D Model, as a results, inconvenience to Special-shaped Carton designing was caused, and designers can not express their design ideas quickly and effectively.
46
dos Santos, Fernando César, Fabiano Érisson da Cunha, Érika de Pádua Alves, Flávia de Almeida Bergonse Pereira, Elsa Helena Walter de Santana, and Bruno Garcia Botaro. "Changes occurring in stabilized ultra-high-temperature-treated whole milk during storage." Journal of Dairy Research 85, no. 4 (August 22, 2018): 449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029918000729.
Full textAbstract:
This Research Communication describes the relationship between casein, free fatty acids (FFAs) and the storage period of ultra-high temperature-treated (UHT) whole milk observed for a period of 120 d of labelled shelf-life. Moreover, we aim to estimate the daily rate of casein degradation in UHT whole milk, and the total length of time estimated for its full degradation. With this aim, ten sets of samples were evaluated from batches of UHT milk manufactured by a dairy processing plant in Parana State, Brazil on 10 different days. Each set was comprised of one liter of raw milk and 12 units of 1 litre cartons of UHT milk, and represented one batch of production. Total mesophilic (TMC), psychrotrophic (TPC), and somatic cell counts (SCC) of raw milk were assessed. UHT milk was assessed for fat (%), sialic acid (mg/l), casein (%), and FFA contents. TMC ranged from 3·5 × 106 to 3·1 × 107 CFU/ml; TPC, from 106 UFC/ml and higher; and SCC, from 18 × 104 SC/ml to 4·83 × 105 CS/ml. Casein (r = −0·991; R2 = 0·9822) and FFA (r = 0·962; R2 = 0·9245) contents, and storage time of UHT milk were correlated (P < 0·05). The rate of casein hydrolysis was estimated as 0·021 g/100 g UHT whole milk/day. A complete breakdown of casein was estimated to occur by the 560th day post-manufacture. Although age gelation was not observed in our study, the report herein corroborates the understanding that the microbiological quality and SCC of raw milk are important components involving the integrity of casein and lipids of UHT milk during shelf-life.
47
İlhan, Vahit. "Primary School Children's Practices of Watching Cartoons and Their Perceptions About Cartoon Character." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 6, no. 2 (June 10, 2017): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v6i2.p327-327.
Full textAbstract:
Relation between television and children is, to a large extend, associated through cartoons. Cartoons are in the leading preferential position of children audience from pre-school period to adolescence. Having been accessible all through 24 hours after the appearance of thematic children channels, cartoons have been opening doors of hundreds of various worlds. Stories, designed within the framework of global or domestic codes, are transmitting their messages through characters at first place. This research on audience was performed in Kayseri and is aimed to define the children's habits of watching TV and cartoon and their perceptions about cartoon characters. A survey has been applied to 420 student from various age groups in 3 different schools ensampling three different socio-economic levels. According to the results gained, the most watched cartoon TV by primary school children is TRT Çocuk, most watched cartoon is Rafadan Tayfa and Keloğlan is the most loved character among 96 different cartoon characters. It was determined that national productions are in the forefront but generally the international productions dominate. It was also determined that children define the behaviors of cartoon characters with adjectives such as good, nice...etc. Otherwise the characters have extraordinary features appears to be a factor which causes increase in the ratings. Moreover, it is suggested in the research that gender is an important determinant within the context of cartoon selection and adoption of cartoon characters.
48
SABA, COURAGE KOSI SETSOAFIA, SEIDU ISAAC ATAYURE, and FREDERICK ADZITEY. "Assessment of Formaldehyde Levels in Local and Imported Fresh Fish in Ghana: A Case Study in the Tamale Metropolis of Ghana." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 624–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-355.
Full textAbstract:
Fish is an important source of protein all over the world, including in Ghana. The fishery sector plays a major role in meeting the domestic need of animal protein and also contributes greatly in foreign exchange earnings. The domestic supply of fish does not meet the demand, so Ghana imports fish and fish products from other countries. Media reports in Ghana have alleged the use of formaldehyde to preserve fish for increased shelf life and to maintain freshness. This research, therefore, sought to establish the levels of formaldehyde in imported and local fresh fish in the Tamale Metropolis by using a ChemSee formaldehyde and formalin detection test kit. Positive and negative controls were performed by using various concentrations of formalin (1, 10, 30, 50, 100, and 300 ppm) and sterile distilled water, respectively. Three times over a 6-month period, different fish species were obtained from five wholesale cold stores (where fish are sold in cartons) and some local sales points (where locally caught fish are sold). A total of 32 samples were taken during three different sampling sessions: 23 imported fish (mackerel, herring, horse mackerel, salmon, and redfish) and 9 local tilapia. The fish were cut, and 50 g was weighed and blended with an equal volume (50 ml) of sterile distilled water. Samples were transferred to test tubes and centrifuged. A test strip was dipped into the supernatant and observed for a color change. A change in color from white to pink or purple indicated the presence of formaldehyde in fish. The study showed that no formaldehyde was present in the imported and local fish obtained. The appropriate regulatory agencies should carry out this study regularly to ensure that fish consumed in Ghana is safe for consumption.
49
Shellie, Krista C., and Ken Rodde. "132 Semi-commercial-scale Ultra-low Oxygen Storage for Disinfestation of Mexican Fruit Fly in Grapefruit." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 412B—412. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.412b.
Full textAbstract:
A treatment schedule for disinfesting grapefruit of Mexican fruit fly with refrigerated (14 °C) storage for 21 days in ultra-low oxygen (0.05 kPa) was tested using a fully loaded, 24-ft sea freight container. The objective of this research was 3-fold: 1) evaluate the ability of a free standing Electronic Oxygen Control system to maintain 500 ppm of oxygen for 21 days inside the sealed container, 2) evaluate the mortality of third instar Mexican fruit fly larvae stored for 21 days inside the sealed container, and 3) evaluate fruit market quality after 21 days inside the container. The container was loaded with 17 pallets of red-fleshed, `Rio Star' grapefruit. Three boxes from each pallet were evaluated for fruit quality (decay (%), visible disorders (%)) after 21 days of treatment and again after 14 additional days of storage in air at 10 °C. Four cartons, each containing 24 fruit infested with third instar, Mexican fruit fly larvae, were each placed on top of a pallet in four different container locations. Upon completion of treatment, larvae were evaluated for survival. In the first replication, no fruit fly larvae survived the low oxygen treatment. In the second replication, oxygen concentration was less controlled, and 60 pupae survived the treatment. Treated and control grapefruit had similar incidence of decay when the treatment was terminated, however no sporulation was observed in fruit stored under ultra-low oxygen. Grapefruit exposed to ultra-low oxygen had a higher incidence of visible disorders, consisting of darkened, sunken areas on the fruit surface. It is unclear whether this damage is attributed to fluctuating levels of oxygen, deleterious volatiles produced during treatment, or a sensitivity of the fruit to low oxygen.
50
Li, Guo Zhi, Jian Li Gao, Wen Feng Li, and Man Ru Chen. "Research and Development of Box/Carton CAD System Based on AutoLISP Language." Applied Mechanics and Materials 200 (October 2012): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.200.621.
Full textAbstract:
By using AutoLISP language based on Autocad, the development process of the tray /carton CAD system should focus on software workflow and overall development program. The system uses nodes descript by a relatively polar coordinate, parametric design, the combination of box/carton-type library with box/carton components library, splicing design methods, etc. With the program designed by AutoLISP language, paper box/carton structure parametric drawing can be achieved according to the mathematical model. The system has the input data legality verification, error handling function, output expansion plan, and automatic dimensioning features.