Academic literature on the topic 'Cartographie – Art – 1800-'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cartographie – Art – 1800-":
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Peresadko, Vilina, Nataliia Popovych, and Anton Martynenko. "Historical and geographical mapping of Kharkiv region in the XIX and XX centuries." 33, no. 33 (August 1, 2021): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2075-1893-2021-33-01.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the thematic historical and geographical maps of Kharkiv region and the city of Kharkiv on the funds of the Central Scientific Library of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University and V. G. Korolenko Kharkiv State Scientific Library. Main material. Topographic, political - administrative and military mapping traditionally developed in Kharkiv region in the XIX-XX centuries. Cartographic materials on the territory of the region, which can be found in the funds of Kharkiv libraries, cannot be called ancient: among the maps dating back to 1945, the largest variety are administrative maps of the late XIX century and plans of Kharkiv of different years of creation. There are several collections related to the time of publication, features of creation and purpose: “Atlas of the Kharkiv governorship in 1787 with a topographic description”, “Maps of the Kharkiv province”, “List of reports of the Kharkiv provincial Zemsky Administration submitted to the XXXII Regular Zemsky assembly of Kharkiv 1896”. Plans of the city of Kharkiv from 1804 to 1916 are part of the “Album of ancient plans of the city of Kharkiv, pictures of its views and portraits of its figures”. These plans are real works of art, an important legacy of national cartography. The album does not contain maps of the province, and is devoted only to images of the city, which allows geographers to assess how the boundaries of Kharkiv have changed over time, as well as its planning and approaches to mapping. The analyzed plans depict the general scheme of the city, its relief, hydrography and socio-economic elements, which are large enterprises and roads with other provinces. The funds of Kharkiv State Scientific Library are also rich in wall maps of Kharkiv, which differ in format, purpose and approaches to design. Conclusions and further research. The funds of the Central Scientific Library of Karazin University and Kharkiv State Scientific Library preserve a significant number of historical and geographical cartographic works from different times on the territory of Slobozhansky Krai and its parts. Most maps are groupped into collections or atlases, but there are also largescale wall plans of towns, separate maps of military maneuvers, table maps of the province. The idea of creating a catalog of regional cartographic works or a collection “Ancient cartographic works of Kharkiv region” looks promising.
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Żuchowski, Tadeusz J. "Wędrówki młodego Caspara Davida Friedricha. Rugia." Porta Aurea, no. 19 (December 22, 2020): 141–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/porta.2020.19.07.
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The article looks at the context in which young Caspar David Friedrich (1774–1840) developed his interest in the landscape of the Island of Rügen and the effects of this setting on the drawings the artist produced during his wanderings there.
This article positions itself against the current scholarship which assumes that Friedrich’s fascination with Rügen had formed before the artist moved to Copenhagen to study at the Fine Arts Academy. Instead, this article shifts Friedrich’s attraction to the island forward, to his time in Copenhagen. The city was then the centre of European research into Ossian’s poetry and the Nordic past. The author points to the significance of the Island of Møn, popularized by Søren Abildgaard, whose son, Nicolai, Professor of Art at the Copenhagen Academy was one of the most active exponents of the cult of Ossian in Denmark. Another major figure connected with the Island of Møn was the poet and clergyman Christen Andersen Lund, promoter of English literature.
The popularity of Rügen as a destination grew precisely at the time when Friedrich returned from Copenhagen to his native Greifswald. One of the major champions of the island’s beauties was Ludwig Gotthard Kosegarten, pastor at the Rügen Altenkirchen and at the same time a close friend of Friedrich’s first drawing teacher in Greifswald Johann Gottfried Quistorp.
Friedrich’s first three excursions to Rügen in 1801–1802 resulted in many sketches of the island’s landscapes. These years are regarded here as seminal in the formation of the artist’s method. Already the sketches show the traits characteristic of his later oeuvre, and especially the mathematical structure of the composition. We need to remember that Quistorp was principally educated as a mathematician, a builder, and a land surveyor. Copenhagen at the time of Friedrich’s studies was one of the European centres of cartography, and the courses in mathematics, geometry, and perspective were considered of special importance at the Academy. This article focuses on four drawings made by Friedrich during his trips to Rügen. The author points to their mathematical precision and interprets the drawings in the context of cartographic practices, as well as in the light of old treatises on perspective. Special consideration is given to the method of laying out a grid on paper before making the actual sketch.
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Jheng, Wei-Cherng Sam. "On the syntax-discourse interface of nonsententials in Mandarin." International Journal of Chinese Linguistics 5, no. 2 (December 13, 2018): 252–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijchl.18001.jhe.
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Abstract This paper aims to develop the empirical and theoretical basis for the necessity of motivating a cartographic approach (Rizzi 1997; Cinque 1999) to the clausal structure of nonsententials (NSs) in Mandarin. Especially noteworthy about NSs is that they are able to encode clause type information, illocutionary force and the discourse roles speaker and hearer/addressee, though their structure is considerably reduced. Following the line of reasoning in Sigurðsson & Maling (2012) and Tsai (2015a, 2015b), I show that NSs have a fully-fledged CP structure, according to the effects exerted upon their interpretation. Adopting Haegeman’s (2014) sa*P analysis of the discourse particle in West Flemish, I argue that NSs contain a suprasentential structure, a Speech Act layer, dominating ForceP and responsible for the encoding of the speaker- hearer/addressee relation sensitive to the immediate context. Crucially, it is argued that the discourse properties surrounding NSs pertain to the articulated CP structure of NSs. The major consequence of the proposed analysis is to show that the theory of discourse is closely tied to the architecture of grammar in general, adding weight to the view that the transparent syntax-discourse mapping results from a set of functional projections layered in the CP periphery.
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Khitrov, Dmitry. "On the Changes in Administrative Boundaries during the Paul I’s Provincial Reform." ISTORIYA 14, no. 6 (128) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840027114-4.
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The article is devoted to the study of the restructuring of provincial and uezd borders carried out during the transformations of Paul I in 1796—1797, in 25 central provinces of European Russia. Based on cartographic sources, primarily atlases of 1792 and 1800, electronic maps of administrative border systems were created at the end of the reign of Catherine II and at the end of the reign of Paul I. The study and correlation of the received multi-time electronic maps of the administrative division showed that the transformations covered all regions of the country, but to varying degrees. In the interior of the country, only two governorships were abolished, and, with this exception, the borders of the provinces did not undergo significant changes. However, the situation was different at the uezd level. In each province (except Arkhangelsk), cities were abolished and their uezds were dismantled. The study showed that mainly "new" administrative centers, which received city status during the reform of 1775, were subject to abolition. The territories of the abolished counties were distributed among neighboring ones. Although the population was not taken into account when determining which counties would be abolished, in many regions administrators sought to preserve the approximate equality of counties by residents, and other parts were often cut off from counties that acquired large plots in order to even out the resulting imbalance.
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NARBUTIENĖ, DAIVA. "RETŲ SPAUDINIŲ KOMPLEKTAVIMAS LIETUVOS MOKSLŲ AKADEMIJOS VRUBLEVSKIŲ BIBLIOTEKOJE: PROBLEMOS, TRADICIJOS, PERSPEKTYVOS." Knygotyra 56 (January 1, 2011): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/kn.v56i0.1509.
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Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių bibliotekaŽygimantų g. 1/8, LT-01102 Vilnius, LietuvaEl. paštas: narbutiene@mab.ltLietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių bibliotekos Retų spaudinių skyrius turi senas fondų komplektavimo tradicijas, syjančias su 1912 m. pradėjusia veikti Vilniaus advokato, bibliofilo Tado Vrublevskio (1858–1925) įkurtos bibliotekos formavimo raida. Specialusis raritetus komplektuojantis ir saugantis skyrius buvo įsteigtas 1957 m., sujungus tris – Senų, retų knygų, Meno leidinių ir Kartografijos leidinių – sektorius. Tai lėmė tolesnio dokumentų komplektavimo atrankos specifiką: čia saugomi ne tik seni ir reti spaudiniai, bet ir nauji meno bei kartografijos leidiniai. Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių bibliotekos Retų spaudinių skyriuje yra apie 400 tūkst. įvairaus pobūdžio dokumentų: knygų, periodinių leidinių, kartografinių spaudinių, meno albumų, raižinių, fotografijų, smulkiosios spaudos, mikrofilmų. Ši medžiaga sudaro atskirai suformuotus skyriaus fondus – rinkinius ir kolekcijas. Straipsnyje analizuojama, kaip Retų spaudinių skyriaus fondų turinys atitinka sąvokas „retas“ (raritetas) ir „cimelija“. Siekiama apibūdinti Retų spaudinių skyriaus komplektavimo turinį bei čia saugomų dokumentų atrankos specifiką. Taip pat norima prisiminti skyriaus fondų formavimo tradicijas ir nuspėti perspektyvas, leisiančias geriau ir racionaliau kaupti bei tvarkyti Retų spaudinių skyriaus dokumentus. Pagrindinis šaltinis – Retų spaudinių skyriaus darbo instrukcijos ir nuostatai.THE ACQUISITION OF RARE PUBLICATIONS IN THE WROBLEWSKI LIBRARY OF THE LITHUANIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES: PROBLEMS, TRADITIONS, PERSPECTIVESDAIVA NARBUTIENĖ AbstractThe acquisition of rare publications has always been a challenge due to several factors. The first and foremost of them is the very concept of a rare publication, an issue that has been causing theoretical disputes for more than a decade. Another factor that influences the formation of special collections is the historical development of a specific library, shaped by the methods of obtaining documents. The structure of a library – the formation of its subdivisions – is also of importance. In addition to the above objective factors, there are also subjective aspects of work organization, such as the intellect and experience of the staff.Upon the merging of the sectors of Old and Rare Books, of Art and of Cartography, the Department of Old, Rare and Cartography Publications was founded in 1957. The character of the merged sectors was the main factor that determined the nature of the acquired documents, which has remained almost unchanged until today. In 1991, this department was divided into two: the departments of Old Periodicals and Rare Publications.The aim of this article is to characterize the acquisition strategy and the specifics of document selection in the Rare Book Department. Another objective is to overview the traditions of the formation of the department holdings and to outline the perspectives of a more effective keeping and cataloguing of documents. The main source is the Rules and Instructions for the work of the Rare Book Department.At present, the department operates on the basis of the Acquisition Instruction confirmed in 1996. The main principles of rare book acquisition are the following: age (pre-1801 publications), rarity (bibliographic rarities), value, uniqueness (exceptional documents whose preservation requires special conditions). The documents from the holdings of the Rare Book Department in the WLLAS electronic catalogue are labeled CIM (the abbreviation of “cimelia”, the word derived from the Greek κειμήλιον and meaning “treasure”).The Rare Book Department holds more than 200 thousand documents of various nature: books, cartography publications, art albums, engravings, photographs, small documents, microfilms. These materials are grouped into separately formed collections.Lately, the problem of the acquisition of newer documents (books, art albums, exhibition catalogues, accidental (small) documents) has become much more urgent. In our opinion, the Rare Book Department should accord more attention to printed heritage the concept of which is inseparable from a certain period in history.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cartographie – Art – 1800-":
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Widmalm, Sven. "Mellan kartan och verkligheten : geodesi och kartläggning 1695-1860 /." Uppsala : Uppsala Univ, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357040754.
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Lisi, Cosimo. "Paris et l'origine coloniale de la ville contemporaine : accumulation primitive, production de l'espace, pratiques artistiques, production de subjectivité (XIXe et Xxe siècles)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080012.
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ABSTRACT: Cette recherche vise à interroger les formes à travers lesquelles l’articu- lation entre production artistique-culturelle et production capitaliste de l’espace urbain, s’est réalisée dans le contexte parisien, marqué par des pratiques d’intervention néocoloniale, en prenant en considération un temps long (xixe et xxe siècles).En retraçant les moments de rupture et de rencontre avec les processus d’accumulation et en suivant les territoires existentiels traversés, nous es- sayons de tracer le chemin qui a conduit certains mouvements artistiques à renverser le paradigme de l’art institutionnel et à construire un agence- ment entre production esthétique et production sociale. La restructura- tion capitaliste néolibérale des années 1980-1990 a investi cet agencement après la destruction des mouvements révolutionnaires des années 1960- 1970. Le dépassement de l’art, envisagé par les mouvements artistiques radicaux, s’est transformé en une nouvelle séparation à travers la rupture avec les classes jugées dangereuses, cible des stratégies de gouvernement, en se traduisant, dans les années 2000, dans un dépassement phantasma- gorique, dans la soi-disant ville créative. À la base des processus de ségré- gation / identification se trouve le dispositif cartographique qui structure les stratégies coloniales et néocoloniales d’organisation de l’espace urbain. L’accumulation primitive continue est une des clefs de lecture des proces- sus prises en considérationIn this research, I genealogically trace the progressive emergence of an articulation between artistical-cultural production and capitalist pro- duction in the urban shaping of Paris. I retain a long time (19th and 20th centuries) . At first, I consider how the early 2000s smart city model ab- sorbed and domesticated the radical claim by 1960s aesthetic movements to overcome art as a contemplative relationship. Whereas those move- ments posited the intimate connection between aesthetic and social pro- duction, the city following the capitalist restructuration present itself as a« fantasmagoric » unity. I then retrieve the deep conflicts structuring such apparent unity showing how contemporary urbanscape directly reorgan- ized colonial technologies, such as cartography and identification. The colonial matrix of urban governance highlights that segregating policies are at the heart of the aesthetic model of structuring both social partici- pation and neo-colonial exclusion within the contemporary urban space. Continuous primitive accumulation is a reading key of the process taken into consideration
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Schlögl, Daniel. "Der planvolle Staat : Raumerfassung und Reformen in Bayern, 1750-1800 /." München : C. H. Beck, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388992353.
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Chapuis, Olivier. "À la mer comme au ciel : Beautemps-Beaupré & la naissance de l'hydrographie moderne, 1700-1850 : l'émergence de la précision en navigation et dans la cartographie marine /." Paris : Presses de l'Université de Paris-Sorbonne, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37180527k.
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Robson, Eleanor Dezateux. "Improvement and environmental conflict in the northern fens, 1560-1665." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/290033.
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This thesis examines 'improvement' of wetland commons in early modern England as a contested process of rapid environmental change. As a flagship project of agrarian improvement, drainage sought to alchemise pastoral fen commons into arable enclosed terra firma and promised manifold benefits for crown, commoners, and commonwealth alike. In practice, however, improvement schemes generated friction between the political and fiscal agendas of governors and projectors and local communities' customary ways of knowing and using wetland commons, provoking the most sustained and violent agrarian unrest of the seventeenth century. This thesis situates the first state-led drainage project in England, in the northern fens of Hatfield Level, in the context of the local politics of custom, national legal and political developments, and international movements of capital, expertise, and refugees; all of which intersected to reshape perceptions and management of English wetlands. Drawing on the analytic perspectives of environmental history, this thesis explores divergent ideas and practices generating conflict over the making of private property, reorganisation of flow, and reconfiguration of lived environments. This thesis argues that different 'environing' practices - both mental and material - distinguished what was seen as an ordered or disordered landscape, determined when and how water was understood as a resource or risk, and demarcated different scales and forms of intervention. Rival visions of the fenscape, ways of knowing land and water, and concepts of value and justice were productive of, and produced by, different practices of management, ownership, and use. Drainage disputes therefore crossed different spheres of discourse and action, spanning parliament, courtroom, and commons to bring improvement into dialogue with fen custom and generate a contentious environmental politics. In seven substantive chapters, this thesis investigates how improvement was imagined, legitimised, and enacted; how fen communities experienced and navigated rapid environmental transformation; and how political, social, and spatial boundaries were reforged in the process. By grounding improvement in the early modern fenscape, this thesis reintegrates agency into accounts of inexorable socio-economic change, illuminates ideas at work in social contexts, and deepens understandings of environmental conflict.
Books on the topic "Cartographie – Art – 1800-":
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Curnow, Wystan. Putting the land on the map: Art and cartography in New Zealand since 1840. New Plymouth, N.Z: Govett-Brewster Art Gallery, 1989.
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Jordan, Lothar, and Oliver Flint. Friedrich Wilhelm Carl von Schmettau (1743-1806): Pionier der modernen Kartographie, Militärschriftsteller, Gestalter von Parks und Gärten. Frankfurt: Kleist-Museum, 2009.
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Bevilacqua, Mario. L'immagine di Roma moderna da Bufalini a Nolli: Un modello europeo. Roma: Artemide, 2018.
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Naples (Italy). Assessorato alla cultura e al turismo. Napoli: La nobile città ed il suo Regno : carte geografiche, piante e vedute del Rinascimento : in mostra dal 3 al 19 luglio 2020, Napoli, Castel Nuovo - Sale della Corte. Napoli: Comune di Napoli, Assessorato alla cultura e al turismo, 2020.
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Cesare, De Seta, ed. Tra Oriente e Occidente: Città e iconografia dal XV al XIX secolo. Napoli: Electa Napoli, 2004.
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Barraco, María Elisa García. Raphael da Urbino: Archeologo, urbanista e cartografo. Roma (Italia): Arbor sapientiae, 2020.
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Travaglini, Carlo M., Keti Lelo, and Keti Lelo. Roma nel Settecento: Immagini e realtà di una capitale attraverso la pianta di G. B. Nolli. Roma: CROMA, Università degli studi Roma Tre, Centro di ateneo per lo studio di Roma, 2013.
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Cappi, Vilmo. Stampe e disegni della Mirandola: Dal secolo XVI al secolo XX : collezione della Fondazione Cassa di risparmio di Mirandola : catalogo. Mirandola: Fondazione Cassa di risparmio di Mirandola, 2005.
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Blaeu, Joan. Atlas maior of 1655. Köln: Taschen, 2005.
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Ontario. Esquisse de cours 12e année: Sciences de l'activité physique pse4u cours préuniversitaire. Vanier, Ont: CFORP, 2002.
Book chapters on the topic "Cartographie – Art – 1800-":
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Brückner, Martin. "Preface." In Social Life of Maps in America, 1750-1860. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469632605.003.0010.
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Providing a survey of critical approaches to maps adopted by historians, bibliographers, and art historians, the preface emphasizes that, in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, cartographic literacy was anything but a common competence. It was a skill and habit that had to be learned and practiced in order to become a major mode of communication. Because maps were also commercial goods, much of their value—be it informational, symbolic, or restorative—emerged during the social process of exchange. After describing the book’s method of inquiry adapted from visual studies, material culture, historical phenomenology, and economic history, the preface provides a short summary of the book’s main parts and chapters.
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Brückner, Martin. "Epilogue." In Social Life of Maps in America, 1750-1860. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469632605.003.0009.
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Having addressed maps as media platforms that were at once personas and avatars, best sellers and spectacles, this book recovered the social life of maps at the intersection of generic diversity and social engagement. Examining the discrete biographical stages in a map’s life, its chapters retrieved the labor and rituals with which the materiality of ordinary maps fostered a national culture of map intimacy. The Epilogue surveys the thickly folded patterns of mediation in which map content and cartographic signification emerged as a form of cartoral art, informing paintings as well as literature. National maps, collectible cartifacts, and a cartocoded education turned everyday map encounters into everyday metaphors that Americans came to live by.
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Brückner, Martin. "Public Giants." In Social Life of Maps in America, 1750-1860. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469632605.003.0004.
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This chapter argues that the social life of “spectacular” maps contributed to the creation of the American public sphere between 1750 and 1860. Recovering the way in which materially overdetermined maps—that is, wall maps whose representational contents were enhanced or qualified by their visual design and material heft—stood out from the vast array of printed texts, it shows how wall maps became public spectacles. Marshalling inventories, public documents, and visual evidence, the chapter documents map placements inside architectural landscapes that included lecture halls, museums, and the meeting rooms of religious or reform societies. Frequently staged as theatrical props, large maps reconfigured the public sphere as a social space where public expressions of reason and passion became predicated on the spectacle of cartographic representation, with maps providing implicit or explicit support (or withholding it) during performances that ranged from political speeches and educational meetings to ballroom dances and art exhibitions.
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Gardner, Kyle. "Elphinstone, Geography, and the Spectre of Afghanistan in the Himalaya." In Mountstuart Elphinstone in South Asia, 205–22. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190914400.003.0011.
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This chapter analyzes the "Elphinstonian episteme" in the context of the northwestern Himalayas, a region centered on the historical "entrepot" of Ladakh. The combination of cartographic, ethnographic and scientific practices exhibited in the Elphinstone mission of 1808-09 were repeated a decade later in the north-western Himalayas by William Moorcroft and George Trebeck, and were extended by two British boundary commissions in the 1840s. The results of these commissions were compiled in Alexander Cunningham's composite account, "Ladak: Physical, Statistical, and Historical" (1854), a text which has done for Ladakh Studies what Elphinstone's "Account of the Kingdom of Caubul" has done for Afghanistan Studies. This chapter surveys the place of geography within Elphinstone's, Moorcroft's and Cunningham's texts, before exploring how the assertion of borderlines within these geographical conceptions conflicted with indigenous understandings of territory. By comparing these texts, this chapter traces the development of colonial geographical knowledge. Not only are these texts fundamentally concerned with the construction of political space, they also reflect a specific hierarchy of information that reflects broader colonial understandings of territoriality.
Conference papers on the topic "Cartographie – Art – 1800-":
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Barría Catalán, Tirza, and Leonel Pérez Bustamante. "LA FORMA URBANA DE LAS CIUDADES DE NUEVA FUNDACIÓN. Revisión a las cartografías históricas de la Araucanía, Chile, 1880-1940." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Grup de Recerca en Urbanisme, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.12003.
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After the pacification of La Frontera, the military forts were the starting point for the new towns in Araucanía. These places were populated as a function of the provision of sites together with the implementation of communication and urbanisation routes provided by the Chilean state. The gradual industrial and agricultural development associated with these first cities of Araucanía, together with the increase in population, led to the occupation of the areas immediately surrounding the original layout of the town. After the analysis of the first plans drawn up for the cities of Temuco and Nueva Imperial, we recognise the framework of a city project that defines and anticipates its form. In this sense, the cartography is analysed as a source of the project, from which the necessary actions for urban development are materialised. Keywords: historical cartographies, Araucanía, Temuco, Nueva Imperial Tras la pacificación de La Frontera, los fuertes militares fueron el punto de inicio de las nuevas ciudades de la Araucanía. Estos lugares se fueron poblando en función de la entrega de sitios junto a la implementación de vías de comunicación y urbanización provistas por el Estado chileno. El paulatino desarrollo industrial y agrícola asociado a estas primeras ciudades de la Araucanía, sumado al incremento de la población, dio curso a la ocupación de las áreas inmediatas al trazado original de la población. Tras los análisis de los primeros planos levantados para las ciudades de Temuco y Nueva Imperial, se reconoce el entramado de un proyecto de ciudad que define y anticipa la forma de esta, En este sentido la cartografía es analizada como fuente de proyecto, desde el cual se materializaran las acciones necesarias para el desarrollo urbano. Palabras clave: cartografía histórica, Araucanía, Temuco, Nueva Imperial
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Caniglia, Maria Rossana. "La Torre di San Francesco a Palmi nelle vedute di Edward Cheney del 1823: immagini di un baluardo scomparso del sistema difensivo vicereale della Calabria Ultra." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11479.
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The Tower of San Francesco in Palmi in the views of Edward Cheney of 1823: images of a disappeared bulwark of the viceregal defensive system of Calabria UltraTo oppose the phenomenon of waves of Turks threatening the most exposed areas of the Kingdom of Naples, the viceregal government ordered from 1535 the construction of a continuous and articulated chain of defensive coastal towers. In Calabria, on behalf of the Viceroy Pedro di Toledo, the Marquis Francesco Pignatelli developed a project to identify the most suitable and strategic sites where to build the towers along the Tyrrhenian and Ionian coasts. This network included 69 towers in Calabria Ultra and 33 in Calabria Citra, clearly visible from each other at a maximum distance of six thousand steps. Most of these towers have lost their original function over time, and after the taking of Algiers in 1830, some were used as customs posts or torri semaforiche, and then be permanently abandoned. Today almost all of them are ruins. The cartographic sources and above all the iconographic ones, testify the importance of this defensive system of towers suspended between the land and the sea and arranged one after the other, real sentinels of the Mediterranean. On this occasion, the focus is on the Tower of San Francesco, was probably built in 1565, in Capo Barbi in Palmi, along the Tyrrhenian side between Reggio Calabria and Capo Vaticano. The bulwark was destroyed in 1956. The Tower of San Francesco, as evidenced by historical cartography and the views of Antonio Minasi in 1779 and Richard Keppel Craven in 1821, was portrayed in three drawings made by Edward Cheney during his travel to Calabria in May 1823. These views identify the characteristics of the architectural typology of the tower and the relationships with the town of Palmi; to relate it to the coastal towers of Pietre Nere (Taureana) and Capo Rocchi (Bagnara); and finally to the landscape of the Costa Viola up to the Strait of Messina.