Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cartilage cells

Academic literature on the topic 'Cartilage cells'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cartilage cells":

Åberg, Thomas, Ritva Rice, David Rice, Irma Thesleff, and Janna Waltimo-Sirén. "Chondrogenic Potential of Mouse Calvarial Mesenchyme." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 53, no. 5 (May 2005): 653–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/jhc.4a6518.2005.

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Facial and calvarial bones form intramembranously without a cartilagenous model; however, cultured chick calvarial mesenchyme cells may differentiate into both osteoblasts and chondroblasts and, in rodents, small cartilages occasionally form at the sutures in vivo. Therefore, we wanted to investigate what factors regulate normal differentiation of calvarial mesenchymal cells directly into osteoblasts. In embryonic mouse heads and in cultured tissue explants, we analyzed the expression of selected transcription factors and extracellular matrix molecules associated with bone and cartilage development. Cartilage markers Sox9 and type II collagen were expressed in all craniofacial cartilages. In addition, Msx2 and type I collagen were expressed in sense capsule cartilages. We also observed that the undifferentiated calvarial mesenchyme and the osteogenic fronts in the jaw expressed Co∗∗∗l2A1. Moreover, we found that cultured mouse calvarial mesenchyme could develop into cartilage. Of the 49 explants that contained mesenchyme, intramembranous ossification occurred in 35%. Only cartilage formed in 4%, and both cartilage and bone formed in 4%. Our study confirms that calvarial mesenchyme, which normally gives rise to intramembranous bone, also has chondrogenic potential.

Holmbeck, Kenn, Paolo Bianco, Kali Chrysovergis, Susan Yamada, and Henning Birkedal-Hansen. "MT1-MMP–dependent, apoptotic remodeling of unmineralized cartilage." Journal of Cell Biology 163, no. 3 (November 10, 2003): 661–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200307061.

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Skeletal tissues develop either by intramembranous ossification, where bone is formed within a soft connective tissue, or by endochondral ossification. The latter proceeds via cartilage anlagen, which through hypertrophy, mineralization, and partial resorption ultimately provides scaffolding for bone formation. Here, we describe a novel and essential mechanism governing remodeling of unmineralized cartilage anlagen into membranous bone, as well as tendons and ligaments. Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP)–dependent dissolution of unmineralized cartilages, coupled with apoptosis of nonhypertrophic chondrocytes, mediates remodeling of these cartilages into other tissues. The MT1-MMP deficiency disrupts this process and uncouples apoptotic demise of chondrocytes and cartilage degradation, resulting in the persistence of “ghost” cartilages with adverse effects on skeletal integrity. Some cells entrapped in these ghost cartilages escape apoptosis, maintain DNA synthesis, and assume phenotypes normally found in the tissues replacing unmineralized cartilages. The coordinated apoptosis and matrix metalloproteinase-directed cartilage dissolution is akin to metamorphosis and may thus represent its evolutionary legacy in mammals.

Yi, Hee-Gyeong, Yeong-Jin Choi, Jin Woo Jung, Jinah Jang, Tae-Ha Song, Suhun Chae, Minjun Ahn, Tae Hyun Choi, Jong-Won Rhie, and Dong-Woo Cho. "Three-dimensional printing of a patient-specific engineered nasal cartilage for augmentative rhinoplasty." Journal of Tissue Engineering 10 (January 2019): 204173141882479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041731418824797.

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Autologous cartilages or synthetic nasal implants have been utilized in augmentative rhinoplasty to reconstruct the nasal shape for therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. Autologous cartilage is considered to be an ideal graft, but has drawbacks, such as limited cartilage source, requirements of additional surgery for obtaining autologous cartilage, and donor site morbidity. In contrast, synthetic nasal implants are abundantly available but have low biocompatibility than the autologous cartilages. Moreover, the currently used nasal cartilage grafts involve additional reshaping processes, by meticulous manual carving during surgery to fit the diverse nose shape of each patient. The final shapes of the manually tailored implants are highly dependent on the surgeons’ proficiency and often result in patient dissatisfaction and even undesired separation of the implant. This study describes a new process of rhinoplasty, which integrates three-dimensional printing and tissue engineering approaches. We established a serial procedure based on computer-aided design to generate a three-dimensional model of customized nasal implant, and the model was fabricated through three-dimensional printing. An engineered nasal cartilage implant was generated by injecting cartilage-derived hydrogel containing human adipose-derived stem cells into the implant containing the octahedral interior architecture. We observed remarkable expression levels of chondrogenic markers from the human adipose-derived stem cells grown in the engineered nasal cartilage with the cartilage-derived hydrogel. In addition, the engineered nasal cartilage, which was implanted into mouse subcutaneous region, exhibited maintenance of the exquisite shape and structure, and striking formation of the cartilaginous tissues for 12 weeks. We expect that the developed process, which combines computer-aided design, three-dimensional printing, and tissue-derived hydrogel, would be beneficial in generating implants of other types of tissue.

Mazor, Marija, Annabelle Cesaro, Mazen Ali, Thomas M. Best, Eric Lespessailles, and Hechmi Toumi. "Progenitor Cells From Cartilage." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 49, no. 5S (May 2017): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000518798.14205.0d.

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Benjamin, M., C. W. Archer, and J. R. Ralphs. "Cytoskeleton of cartilage cells." Microscopy Research and Technique 28, no. 5 (August 1, 1994): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070280503.

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Suchorska, Wiktoria Maria, Ewelina Augustyniak, Magdalena Richter, Magdalena Łukjanow, Violetta Filas, Jacek Kaczmarczyk, and Tomasz Trzeciak. "Modified methods for efficiently differentiating human embryonic stem cells into chondrocyte-like cells." Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 71, no. 1 (June 19, 2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.3831.

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Human articular cartilage has a poor regenerative capacity. This often results in the serious joint disease- osteoarthritis (OA) that is characterized by cartilage degradation. An inability to self-repair provided extensive studies on AC regeneration. The cell-based cartilage tissue engineering is a promising approach for cartilage regeneration. So far, numerous cell types have been reported to show chondrogenic potential, among others human embryonic stem cells (hESCs).

Le, Hanxiang, Weiguo Xu, Xiuli Zhuang, Fei Chang, Yinan Wang, and Jianxun Ding. "Mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration." Journal of Tissue Engineering 11 (January 2020): 204173142094383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041731420943839.

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Cartilage injuries are typically caused by trauma, chronic overload, and autoimmune diseases. Owing to the avascular structure and low metabolic activities of chondrocytes, cartilage generally does not self-repair following an injury. Currently, clinical interventions for cartilage injuries include chondrocyte implantation, microfracture, and osteochondral transplantation. However, rather than restoring cartilage integrity, these methods only postpone further cartilage deterioration. Stem cell therapies, especially mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) therapies, were found to be a feasible strategy in the treatment of cartilage injuries. MSCs can easily be isolated from mesenchymal tissue and be differentiated into chondrocytes with the support of chondrogenic factors or scaffolds to repair damaged cartilage tissue. In this review, we highlighted the full success of cartilage repair using MSCs, or MSCs in combination with chondrogenic factors and scaffolds, and predicted their pros and cons for prospective translation to clinical practice.

Zhang, Hong, Xiaopeng Zhao, Zhiguang Zhang, Weiwei Chen, and Xinli Zhang. "An Immunohistochemistry Study of Sox9, Runx2, and Osterix Expression in the Mandibular Cartilages of Newborn Mouse." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/265380.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the spacial expression pattern and functional significance of three key transcription factors related to bone and cartilage formation, namely, Sox9, Runx2, and Osterix in cartilages during the late development of mouse mandible. Immunohistochemical examinations of Sox9, Runx2, and Osterix were conducted in the mandibular cartilages of the 15 neonatal C57BL/6N mice. In secondary cartilages, both Sox9 and Runx2 were weakly expressed in the polymorphic cell zone, strongly expressed in the flattened cell zone and throughout the entire hypertrophic cell zone. Similarly, both transcriptional factors were weakly expressed in the uncalcified Meckel’s cartilage while strongly expressed in the rostral cartilage. Meanwhile, Osterix was at an extremely low level in cells of the flattened cell zone and the upper hypertrophic cell zone in secondary cartilages. Surprisingly, Osterix was intensely expressed in hypertrophic chondrocytes in the center of the uncalcified Meckel’s cartilage while moderately expressed in part of hypertrophic chondrocytes in the rostral process. Consequently, it is suggested that Sox9 is a main and unique positive regulator in the hypertrophic differentiation process of mandibular secondary cartilages, in addition to Runx2. Furthermore, Osterix is likely responsible for phenotypic conversion of Meckel’s chondrocytes during its degeneration.

Hayes, Anthony J., John Whitelock, and James Melrose. "Regulation of FGF-2, FGF-18 and Transcription Factor Activity by Perlecan in the Maturational Development of Transitional Rudiment and Growth Plate Cartilages and in the Maintenance of Permanent Cartilage Homeostasis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 4 (February 9, 2022): 1934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23041934.

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The aim of this study was to highlight the roles of perlecan in the regulation of the development of the rudiment developmental cartilages and growth plate cartilages, and also to show how perlecan maintains permanent articular cartilage homeostasis. Cartilage rudiments are transient developmental templates containing chondroprogenitor cells that undergo proliferation, matrix deposition, and hypertrophic differentiation. Growth plate cartilage also undergoes similar changes leading to endochondral bone formation, whereas permanent cartilage is maintained as an articular structure and does not undergo maturational changes. Pericellular and extracellular perlecan-HS chains interact with growth factors, morphogens, structural matrix glycoproteins, proteases, and inhibitors to promote matrix stabilization and cellular proliferation, ECM remodelling, and tissue expansion. Perlecan has mechanotransductive roles in cartilage that modulate chondrocyte responses in weight-bearing environments. Nuclear perlecan may modulate chromatin structure and transcription factor access to DNA and gene regulation. Snail-1, a mesenchymal marker and transcription factor, signals through FGFR-3 to promote chondrogenesis and maintain Acan and type II collagen levels in articular cartilage, but prevents further tissue expansion. Pre-hypertrophic growth plate chondrocytes also express high Snail-1 levels, leading to cessation of Acan and CoI2A1 synthesis and appearance of type X collagen. Perlecan differentially regulates FGF-2 and FGF-18 to maintain articular cartilage homeostasis, rudiment and growth plate cartilage growth, and maturational changes including mineralization, contributing to skeletal growth.

Schilling, T. F., C. Walker, and C. B. Kimmel. "The chinless mutation and neural crest cell interactions in zebrafish jaw development." Development 122, no. 5 (May 1, 1996): 1417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.122.5.1417.

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During vertebrate development, neural crest cells are thought to pattern many aspects of head organization, including the segmented skeleton and musculature of the jaw and gills. Here we describe mutations at the gene chinless, chn, that disrupt the skeletal fates of neural crest cells in the head of the zebrafish and their interactions with muscle precursors. chn mutants lack neural-crest-derived cartilage and mesoderm-derived muscles in all seven pharyngeal arches. Fate mapping and gene expression studies demonstrate the presence of both undifferentiated cartilage and muscle precursors in mutants. However, chn blocks differentiation directly in neural crest, and not in mesoderm, as revealed by mosaic analyses. Neural crest cells taken from wild-type donor embryos can form cartilage when transplanted into chn mutant hosts and rescue some of the patterning defects of mutant pharyngeal arches. In these cases, cartilage only forms if neural crest is transplanted at least one hour before its migration, suggesting that interactions occur transiently in early jaw precursors. In contrast, transplanted cells in paraxial mesoderm behave according to the host genotype; mutant cells form jaw muscles in a wild-type environment. These results suggest that chn is required for the development of pharyngeal cartilages from cranial neural crest cells and subsequent crest signals that pattern mesodermally derived myocytes.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cartilage cells":

Cook, James L. "Three-dimensional chondrocyte culture : in vitro and in vivo applications /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9924877.

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Srinivasan, Jayendran. "Investigation of internal fluid pressure in cells." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4177.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 114 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-77).

Mouw, Janna Kay. "Mechanoregulation of chondrocytes and chondroprogenitors the role of TGF-BETA and SMAD signaling /." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11232005-103041/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.
Harish Radhakrishna, Committee Member ; Christopher Jacobs, Committee Member ; Andres Garcia, Committee Member ; Marc E. Levenston, Committee Chair ; Barbara Boyan, Committee Member.

Yang, Ziquan. "Repair of cartilage injury using gene modified stem cells and acellular cartilage matrix." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501585.

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Bishop, Joanna Charlotte. "Biology of the articular cartilage progenitor cells." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2004. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55374/.

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Brodkin, Kathryn Rhea. "Chondrocyte behavior in monolayer culture : the effects of protein substrates and culture media." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20216.

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Tsang, Kwok-yeung. "Molecular pathogenesis of abnormal chondrocyte differentiation in a transgenic mouse model /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35132796.

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Togo, Takeshi. "Identification of cartilage progenitor cells in the adult ear perichondrium : utilization for cartilage reconstruction." Kyoto University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/135826.

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Kraft, Jeffrey J. "Developing a cartilage tissue equivalent using chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 90 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1397900431&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Clements, Kristen Mary. "Mechanical disruption of articular cartilage cells and matrix." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340082.

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Books on the topic "Cartilage cells":

Malinin, George I. Microscopic and histochemical manifestations of hyaline cartilage dynamics. Jena: Urban & Fischer Verlag, 1999.

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Malinin, George I. Microscopic and histochemical manifestations of hyaline cartilage dynamics. Jena, Germany: Urban & Fischer, 1999.

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F, Stoltz J., and International Symposium on Mechanobiology of Cartilage and Chondrocyte (1st : 1999 : Sainte-Maxime, France), eds. Mechanobiology: Cartilage and chondrocyte. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2000.

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Khan, Wasim S. Stem cells and cartilage tissue engineering approaches to orthopaedic surgery. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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International, Workshop on Cells and Cytokines in Bone and Cartilage (3rd 1990 Davos Switzerland). Third International Workshop on Cells and Cytokines in Bone and Cartilage: 8-11 April 1990, Davos, Switzerland : abstracts. New York, N.Y: Springer International, 1990.

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International Workshop on Cells and Cytokines in Bone and Cartilage (2nd 1988 Davos, Switzerland). Second International Workshop on Cells and Cytokines in Bone and Cartilage: 9-12 April 1988, Davos, Switzerland : abstracts. New York, N.Y: Springer International, 1988.

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International Workshop on Cells and Cytokines in Bone and Cartilage (4th 1992 Davos, Switzerland). Fourth Workshop on Cells and Cytokines in Bone and Cartilage: January 11-14, 1992, Davos, Switzerland : abstracts. New York, N.Y: Springer International, 1992.

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International Symposium on Mechanobiology of Cartilage and Chondrocyte (4th 2006 Budapest, Hungary). Mechanobiology: Cartilage and chondrocyte. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2006.

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Stoltz, J. F. Mechanobiology: Cartilage and chondrocyte. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2008.

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Sampat, Sonal Ravin. Optimization of Culture Conditions for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Using Synovium-Derived Stem Cells. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cartilage cells":

Frayssinet, P., J. L. Jouve, and E. Viehweger. "Cartilage Cells." In Biomechanics and Biomaterials in Orthopedics, 219–28. London: Springer London, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3774-0_23.

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Oellerich, Diana, and Nicolai Miosge. "Chondrogenic Progenitor Cells and Cartilage Repair." In Cartilage, 59–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53316-2_3.

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Diederichs, Solvig, and Wiltrud Richter. "Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Cartilage Regeneration." In Cartilage, 73–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53316-2_4.

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Anz, Adam W., and Caleb O. Pinegar. "The Role of Stem Cells in Surgical Repair." In Cartilage Restoration, 151–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77152-6_13.

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Pattappa, Girish, Brandon D. Markway, Denitsa Docheva, and Brian Johnstone. "Physioxic Culture of Chondrogenic Cells." In Cartilage Tissue Engineering, 45–63. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2839-3_5.

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van Osch, Gerjo J. V. M., Andrea Barbero, Mats Brittberg, Diego Correa, Solvig Diederichs, Mary B. Goldring, Tim Hardingham, et al. "Cells for Cartilage Regeneration." In Cell Engineering and Regeneration, 33–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08831-0_1.

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van Osch, Gerjo J. V. M., Andrea Barbero, Mats Brittberg, Diego Correa, Solvig Diederichs, Mary B. Goldring, Tim Hardingham, et al. "Cells for Cartilage Regeneration." In Cell Engineering and Regeneration, 1–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-37076-7_1-1.

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Gardner, Oliver F. W., Mauro Alini, and Martin J. Stoddart. "Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Bone Marrow." In Cartilage Tissue Engineering, 41–52. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2938-2_3.

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Mahmoudifar, Nastaran, and Pauline M. Doran. "Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Adipose Tissue." In Cartilage Tissue Engineering, 53–64. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2938-2_4.

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Dicks, Amanda R., Nancy Steward, Farshid Guilak, and Chia-Lung Wu. "Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells." In Cartilage Tissue Engineering, 87–114. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2839-3_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cartilage cells":

Gunja, Najmuddin, Jason Fong, Andrea Tan, Man-Yu Moy, Duo Xu, Grace O’Connell, J. Chloe Bulinski, Gerard A. Ateshian, and Clark T. Hung. "Priming of Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Tissue Engineering." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19453.

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The clinical potential of stem cells has driven forward efforts toward their optimization for tissue engineering applications. The intimal layer of the synovium is composed of two cell types, macrophages and fibroblast-like cells. The fibroblast-like cells, often referred to as synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells (sMSCs), have the capability to differentiate down a chondrogenic lineage1. In addition, in vivo tests have shown that synovial cells may be recruited from the synovial membrane to aid in the repair of articular cartilage defects2.

Wartella, K. A., and J. S. Wayne. "Effect of Mechanical Stimulation on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Seeded Cartilage Constructs." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19645.

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Articular cartilage is a specialized tissue with a restricted capacity for self-repair. Thus, there is a need for a functional tissue replacement product for cartilage due to the ever-increasing occurrence of cartilage injuries and osteoarthritis. Engineering a cartilage replacement construct entails a combination of source cells, cytokines/growth factors, differentiation factors, and a supportive structure to mimic the native environment [1]. An abundant source of cells, isolated from adult bone marrow, are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which when isolated can be a rich cell source given their capacity for chondrogenic differentiation [2].

Erickson, Geoffrey R., Jeffrey M. Gimble, Dawn Franklin, and Farshid Guilak. "Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells Grown in Three-Dimensional Aliginate Constructs Display a Chondrogenic Phenotype." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2503.

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Abstract Articular cartilage is the connective tissue that lines the surfaces of diarthrodial joints in the human body. Because cartilage is avascular, aneural, and alymphatic, it has a limited capacity for repair. Techniques such as microfracture, transplantation of autologous cartilage, and allograft or xenograft transplantations have not proven fully effective in treating cartilage damage. Current therapy is focusing on cell-based treatments such as autologous chondrocyte transplantation [1,2]. However, this method faces several limitations, as the donor site can provide a limited number of cells and the harvesting procedure itself may cause significant local morbidity. The goal of this study was to examine the chondrogenic potential of an autologous source of undifferentiated stromal cells derived from subcutaneous fat. It has been shown that chondrocytes embedded in a three-dimensional matrix retain a differentiated phenotype and produce cartilage-associated proteins [3]. In addition, it has been shown that alginate or agarose can support the formation of an extracellular matrix over time [4,5]. The goal of this study was to examine the chondrogenic potential of adipose-derived stromal cells with the ultimate goal of developing a “tissue engineering” method to regenerate articular cartilage.

Babalola, Omotunde M., and Lawrence J. Bonassar. "Parametric Finite Element Analysis of Physical Stimuli Resulting From Mechanical Stimulation of Tissue Engineered Cartilage." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192633.

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The avascular nature of cartilage results in its limited inability to repair itself upon injury. As a result numerous approaches are being investigated as potential therapies for repair, including tissue engineering strategies. In addition, due to the low density of chondrocytes and the characteristic de-differentiation of the cells when expanded in monolayer [1], other cell types are being investigated as a source for cartilage repair as well. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have been shown to differentiate into cells of several lineages including chondrocytes, osteoblasts and adipocytes [2], are being explored as a potential cell type for the regeneration of articular cartilage tissue [3,4].

Alegre-Aguarón, Elena, Sonal R. Sampat, Perry J. Hampilos, J. Chloë Bulinski, James L. Cook, Lewis M. Brown, and Clark T. Hung. "Biomarker Identification Under Growth Factor Priming for Cartilage Tissue Engineering." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80374.

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Adult articular cartilage has a poor healing capacity, which has lead to intense research toward development of cell-based therapies for cartilage repair. The destruction of articular cartilage results in osteoarthritis (OA), which affects about 27 million Americans. In order to create functional tissue, it is essential to mimic the native environment by optimizing expansion protocols. Cell passaging and priming with chemical or physical factors are often necessary steps in cell-based strategies for regenerative medicine [1]. The ability to identify biomarkers that can act as predictors of cells with a high capacity to form functional engineered cartilage will permit optimization of protocols for cartilage tissue engineering using different cell sources. Recent investigations have shown that chondrocytes and synovium-derived stem cells (SDSCs) are promising cell sources for cartilage repair [2,3]. The analysis of gene expression and comparative proteomics, which defines the differences in expression of proteins among different biological states, provides a potentially powerful tool in this effort [4]. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of growth factor priming in 2D canine chondrocytes and SDSCs cultures by identifying differentially regulated biomarkers, which can correlate to functional tissue elaboration in 3D.

Nansai, Ryosuke, Mamoru Ogata, Junichi Takeda, Wataru Ando, Norimasa Nakamura, and Hiromichi Fujie. "Surface and Bulk Stiffness of the Mature Porcine Cartilage-Like Tissue Repaired With a Scaffold-Free, Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineered Construct (TEC)." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204404.

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Since the healing capacity of articular cartilage is limited, it is important to develop cell-based therapies for the repair of cartilage. Although synthetic or animal-derived scaffolds are frequently used for effective cell delivery long-term safety and efficiency of such scaffolds still remain unclear. We have been developing a new tissue engineering technique for cartilage repair using a scaffold-free tissue engineered construct (TEC) bio-synthesized from synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [1]. As the TEC specimen is composed of cells with their native extracellular matrix, we believe that it is free from concern regarding long term immunological effects. Fujie et al. found in a micro indentation test using an atomic force microscope (AFM) that the immature porcine cartilage-like tissue repaired with TEC exhibited lower stiffness as compared with normal cartilage in immature porcine femur [2], although the macro-scale stiffness of the repaired tissue was almost same as that of the normal cartilage [3]. In the present study, we investigated the macro and micro-compressive properties of mature porcine cartilage-like tissue repaired with TEC.

Susa, Tomoya, Ryosuke Nansai, Norimasa Nakamura, and Hiromichi Fujie. "Influence of Permeability on the Compressive Property of Articular Cartilage: A Scaffold-Free, Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Cartilage Repair." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53365.

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Since the healing capacity of articular cartilage is limited, it is important to develop cell-based therapies for the repair of cartilage. Although synthetic or animal-derived scaffolds are frequently used for effective cell delivery long-term safety and efficiency of such scaffolds still remain unclear. We have been studying on a scaffold-free tissue engineered construct (TEC) bio-synthesized from synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [1]. As the TEC specimen is composed of cells with their native extracellular matrix, we believe that it is free from concern regarding long term immunological effects. our previous studies indicated that a porcine partial thickness chondral defect was successfully repaired with TEC but that the compressive property of the TEC-treated cartilage-like repaired tissue was different from normal cartilage in both immature and mature animals. Imura et al. found that the permeability of the immature porcine cartilage-like tissues repaired with TEC recovered to normal level for 6 months except the superficial layer [2]. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the depth-dependent permeability of mature porcine cartilage-like tissue repaired with TEC. Moreover, we investigated the effect of difference of permeability on the compressive property of articular cartilage using a finite element analysis (FEM).

Kim, Minwook, Isaac E. Erickson, Jason A. Burdick, George R. Dodge, and Robert L. Mauck. "Differential Chondrogenic Potential of Human and Bovine Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Agarose and Photocrosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19461.

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Abstract:

Articular cartilage has a limited regenerative capacity, and there exist no methodologies to restore structure and function after damage or degeneration. This has focused intense work on cell-based therapies for cartilage repair, with considerable literature demonstrating that chondrocytes in vitro and in vivo can generate cartilage-like tissue replacements. However, use of primary cells is limited by the amount and quality of autologous donor cells and tissue. Multipotential mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow offer an alternative cell source for cartilage tissue engineering. MSCs are easily accessible and expandable in culture, and differentiate towards a chondrocyte-like phenotype with exposure to TGF-β [1]. For example, we have shown that bovine MSCs undergo chondrogenic differentiation and mechanical maturation in agarose, self-assembling peptide, and photocrosslinkable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels [2]. HA hydrogels are particularly advantageous as they are biologically relevant and easily modified to generate a range of hydrogel properties [3]. Indeed, bovine MSCs show a strong dependence of functional outcomes on the macromer density of the HA gel [4]. To further the clinical application of this material, the purpose of this study was to investigate functional chondrogenesis of human MSCs in HA compared to agarose hydrogels. To carry out this study, juvenile bovine and human MSCs were encapsulated and cultured in vitro in HA and agarose hydrogels, and cell viability, biochemical, biomechanical, and histological properties were evaluated over 4 weeks of culture.

Haudenschild, Anne K., Xiangnan Zhou, Cai Li, Jerry C. Hu, J. Kent Leach, Kyriacos A. Athanasiou, and Laura Marcu. "Multimodal evaluation of tissue engineered cartilage maturation in a pre-clinical implantation model (Conference Presentation)." In Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XXX, edited by Hope T. Beier and Bennett L. Ibey. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2509047.

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van Turnhout, Mark C., Stefan A. H. de Vries, Corrinus C. van Donkelaar, and Cees W. J. Oomens. "Mechanical Chondrocyte Damage Thresholds." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80426.

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Chondrocyte content in articular cartilage is very low. Only 2% to 5% of the tissue volume consists of chondrocytes [1]. Yet, these cells are responsible for maintenance of the tissue. Hence, the loss of chondrocytes that is often occurring at an early stage of cartilage degeneration is detrimental to articular cartilage. Excessive mechanical loading is known to be a cause of cell death. However, mechanical thresholds beyond which chondrocyte apoptosis would be induced are unknown.

Reports on the topic "Cartilage cells":

de Sousa, Eduardo, Renata Matsui, Leonardo Boldrini, Leandra Baptista, and José Mauro Granjeiro. Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of articular cartilage defects of the knee: an overview of systematic reviews. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0114.

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Review question / Objective: Population: adults (aged between 18 and 50 years) with traumatic knee lesions who underwent treatment with mesenchymal stem cells; Intervention: defined by the treatment with mesenchymal stem cells; The comparison group: treatment with autologous chondrocytes or microfracture treatments; Primary outcome: formation of cartilage neo tissue in the defect area, determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or by direct visualization in second-look knee arthroscopy.; Secondary outcomes: based on clinical scores such as visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, Western Ontario and McMaster universities score (WOMAC), knee society score (KSS), Tegner and Lysholm.

Leach, Roland M., Mark Pines, Carol V. Gay, and Shmuel Hurwitz. In vivo and in vitro Chondrocyte Metabolism in Relationship to the Developemnt of Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Broiler Chickens. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568090.bard.

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Skeletal deformities are a significant financial and welfare problem for the world poultry industry. Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is the most prevalent skeletal abnormality found in young broilers, turkeys and ducks. Tibial dyschondroplasia results from a perturbation of the sequence of events in the epiphyseal growth plate, the tissue responsible for longitudinal bone growth. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that TD was the result of a failure of growth plate chondrocytes to differentiate and express the chemotactic molecules required for cartilage vascularization. In this investigation in situ hybridization and immunocytochemical techniques were used to study chondrocyte gene products associated with cartilage maturation and vascularization such as osteopontin, osteonectin, type X collagen, and alkaline phosphatase. All markers were present in the growth plate tissue anter or to the TD lesion but were greatly diminished in the TD lesion. Thus, rather than not acquiring the markers for hypertrophy, it appears that the growth plate chondrocytes reach a certain stage of hypertrophy and then de-differentiate into cells which resemble chondrocytes in the prehypertrophic zone. Similar patterns were observed in all TD tissues examined whether the lesions were spontaneous or induced by dietary treatments or genetic selection. The decrease in gene expression can at least be partially explained by the fact that many of the dysplastic chondrocytes show classic signs of apoptosis. These results provide an explanation for the observation that a variety of genes show reduced expression in the TD lesion when examined by in situ hybridization. This would suggest that future research should focus on the earliest detectable stages in the development of TD and examine endocrine and autocrine factors which cause chondrocytes to de-differentiate and undergo premature apoptosis.

Huard, Johnny. Articular Cartilage Repair Through Muscle Cell-Based Tissue Engineering. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada552048.

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Martin, James A. Promoting Cartilage Stem Cell Activity to Improve Recovery from Joint Fracture. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada571622.

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Martin, James A. Promoting Cartilage Stem Cell Activity to Improve Recovery from Joint Fracture. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada580998.

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Funkenstein, Bruria, and Cunming Duan. GH-IGF Axis in Sparus aurata: Possible Applications to Genetic Selection. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7580665.bard.

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Many factors affect growth rate in fish: environmental, nutritional, genetics and endogenous (physiological) factors. Endogenous control of growth is very complex and many hormone systems are involved. Nevertheless, it is well accepted that growth hormone (GH) plays a major role in stimulating somatic growth. Although it is now clear that most, if not all, components of the GH-IGF axis exist in fish, we are still far from understanding how fish grow. In our project we used as the experimental system a marine fish, the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), which inhabits lagoons along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of Europe, and represents one of the most important fish species used in the mariculture industry in the Mediterranean region, including Israel. Production of Sparus is rapidly growing, however, in order for this production to stay competitive, the farming of this fish species has to intensify and become more efficient. One drawback, still, in Sparus extensive culture is that it grows relatively slow. In addition, it is now clear that growth and reproduction are physiological interrelated processes that affect each other. In particular sexual maturation (puberty) is known to be closely related to growth rate in fish as it is in mammals, indicating interactions between the somatotropic and gonadotropic axes. The goal of our project was to try to identify the rate-limiting components(s) in Sparus aurata GH-IGF system which might explain its slow growth by studying the ontogeny of growth-related genes: GH, GH receptor, IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF receptor, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and Pit-1 during early stages of development of Sparus aurata larvae from slow and fast growing lines. Our project was a continuation of a previous BARD project and could be divided into five major parts: i) obtaining additional tools to those obtained in the previous project that are necessary to carry out the developmental study; ii) the developmental expression of growth-related genes and their cellular localization; iii) tissue-specific expression and effect of GH on expression of growth-related genes; iv) possible relationship between GH gene structure, growth rate and genetic selection; v) the possible role of the IGF system in gonadal development. The major findings of our research can be summarized as follows: 1) The cDNAs (complete or partial) coding for Sparus IGFBP-2, GH receptor and Pit-1 were cloned. Sequence comparison reveals that the primary structure of IGFBP-2 protein is 43-49% identical to that of zebrafish and other vertebrates. Intensive efforts resulted in cloning a fragment of 138 nucleotides, coding for 46 amino acids in the proximal end of the intracellular domain of GH receptor. This is the first fish GH receptor cDNA that had been cloned to date. The cloned fragment will enable us to complete the GH - receptor cloning. 2) IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and IGF receptor transcripts were detected by RT-PCR method throughout development in unfertilized eggs, embryos, and larvae suggesting that these mRNAs are products of both the maternal and the embryonic genomes. Preliminary RT-PCR analysis suggest that GH receptor transcript is present in post-hatching larvae already on day 1. 3) IGF-1R transcripts were detected in all tissues tested by RT-PCR with highest levels in gill cartilage, skin, kidney, heart, pyloric caeca, and brain. Northern blot analysis detected IGF receptor only in gonads, brain and gill cartilage but not in muscle; GH increased slightly brain and gill cartilage IGF-1R mRNA levels. 4) IGFBP-2 transcript were detected only in liver and gonads, when analyzed by Northern blots; RT-PCR analysis revealed expression in all tissues studied, with the highest levels found in liver, skin, gonad and pyloric caeca. 5) Expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-1R and IGFBP-2 was analyzed during gonadal development. High levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-2 expression were found in bisexual young gonads, which decreased during gonadal development. Regardless of maturational stage, IGF-II levels were higher than those of IGF-L 6) The GH gene was cloned and its structure was characterized. It contains minisatellites of tandem repeats in the first and third introns that result in high level of genetic polymorphism. 7) Analysis of the presence of IGF-I and two types of IGF receptor by immunohistochemistry revealed tissue- and stage-specific expression during larval development. Immunohistochemistry also showed that IGF-I and its receptors are present in both testicular and ovarian cells. Although at this stage we are not able to pinpoint which is the rate-limiting step causing the slow growth of Sparus aurata, our project (together with the previous BARD) yielded a great number of experimental tools both DNA probes and antibodies that will enable further studies on the factors regulating growth in Sparus aurata. Our expression studies and cellular localization shed new light on the tissue and developmental expression of growth-related genes in fish.