Academic literature on the topic 'Cartes géospatiales'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cartes géospatiales":
Selvaratnam, Inthuja, Olaf Berke, Abhinand Thaivalappil, Jamie Imada, Monica Vythilingam, Andrew Beardsall, Gillian Hachborn, Mohamed Ugas, and Russell Forrest. "Characteristics of Disease Maps of Zoonoses: A Scoping Review and a Recommendation for a Reporting Guideline for Disease Maps." Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization 57, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cart-2021-0019.
Andrade Arnaut, Adriana, José Gomes dos Santos, and Paulo Márcio Leal de Menezes. "A Geospatial and Geo-historical Library for a Space–Time Analysis of Catu Territory." Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization 57, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cart-2020-0016.
Mustapha, GARBA, OKPUVWIE EJUVWEYERE Jonathan, and TOKO MOUHAMADOU Inoussa. "Dynamique Spatio-Temporelle De L’Occurrence Du Conflit Entre Agriculteurs Et Bergers Dans Le Centre-Nord Du Nigéria (2015-2018)." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 38, no. 1 (April 4, 2023): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v38.1.5243.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cartes géospatiales":
Cherif, Mohamed Abderrazak. "Alignement et fusion de cartes géospatiales multimodales hétérogènes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5002.
The surge in data across diverse fields presents an essential need for advanced techniques to merge and interpret this information. With a special emphasis on compiling geospatial data, this integration is crucial for unlocking new insights from geographic data, enhancing our ability to map and analyze trends that span across different locations and environments with more authenticity and reliability. Existing techniques have made progress in addressing data fusion; however, challenges persist in fusing and harmonizing data from different sources, scales, and modalities.This research presents a comprehensive investigation into the challenges and solutions in vector map alignment and fusion, focusing on developing methods that enhance the precision and usability of geospatial data. We explored and developed three distinct methodologies for polygonal vector map alignment: ProximityAlign, which excels in precision within urban layouts but faces computational challenges; the Optical Flow Deep Learning-Based Alignment, noted for its efficiency and adaptability; and the Epipolar Geometry-Based Alignment, effective in data-rich contexts but sensitive to data quality. Additionally, our study delved into linear feature map alignment, emphasizing the importance of precise alignment and feature attribute transfer, pointing towards the development of richer, more informative geospatial databases by adapting the ProximityAlign approach for linear features like fault traces and road networks. The fusion aspect of our research introduced a sophisticated pipeline to merge polygonal geometries relying on space partitioning, non-convex optimization of graph data structure, and geometrical operations to produce a reliable fused map that harmonizes input vector maps, maintaining their geometric and topological integrity.In practice, the developed framework has the potential to improve the quality and usability of integrated geospatial data, benefiting various applications such as urban planning, environmental monitoring, and disaster management. This study not only advances theoretical understanding in the field but also provides a solid foundation for practical applications in managing and interpreting large-scale geospatial datasets
Marie, Romain. "Exploration autonome et construction de cartes topologiques référencées vision omnidirectionnelle." Amiens, 2014. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04515697.
In this work, we address the problem of autonomous exploration and topological map building in totally unknown environments for a mobile robot equipped with a sole catadioptric sensor. Multiple local representations for spatial knowledge are built upon visual information only. First, we develop an adaptated skeletonization algorithm. Applied on the extracted free space in the image, it carries the topological properties of the observed scene, and describes safe trajectories in the environment. Second, we propose a visual signature using the complement of the free space in the image, so that only the most relevant photometric information is considered. Using this representation, the robot can map the environment into a collection of places, and use them to keep track of its localization. The built representations are then organized in a topological map of the environment, which allows the robot to handle high-level behaviours (leading for instance to a structured exploration and coverage of the environment)
Dhib, Ameni. "La cartographie des sonorités environnementales d'un territoire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34749.
On a territory, sound sources emit sounds that can be of anthropophonic origins (i.e. vehicle noise), biophonic origins (i.e. sounds emitted by birds), as well as geophonic origins (i.e. wind noise). This makes it possible to describe a soundscape of the places while feeding particular needs specific to the mapping of the sound environment such as the acoustic properties of the territories, necessary to the understanding of the sound environment. Beyond the research work that studies and analyzes the acoustic properties of the environment, the state of the existing focuses on two types of sound cards: sound inventory cards and noise maps. Two methodological approaches are behind the production of these cards. The first is based on sound recordings measured and georeferenced on the territory using sound level meters, or applications installed on tablets/smartphones. The second is used to model the propagation of the acoustic wave in relation to the objects present on the territory (i.e. buildings, trees, etc.). Although this second approach considers the different environmental factors that can weaken the acoustic wave like atmospheric absorption (caused by wind, temperature, etc.), the geometric divergence and the nature of the cover of soil, it is found that it is poorly documented in the scientific literature, when no sound sensor is used to produce sound cards. The main objective is to define a generic method for modeling the acoustic propagation of a territory using multi-source geospatial data including very high resolution images. Thus, using geomatic tools, it is possible to represent the interaction that exists between the sound wave and the environmenta l objects that make up this territory. It is then possible from a sound source and sound receiving points to make so-called spatio-phonic cards
Zinoune, Clément. "Autonomous integrity monitoring of navigation maps on board intelligent vehicles." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP1972/document.
Several Intelligent Vehicles capabilities from Advanced Driving Assistance Systems (ADAS) to Autonomous Driving functions depend on a priori information provided by navigation maps. Whilst these were intended for driver guidance as they store road network information, today they are even used in applications that control vehicle motion. In general, the vehicle position is projected onto the map to relate with links in the stored road network. However, maps might contain faults, leading to navigation and situation understanding errors. Therefore, the integrity of the map-matched estimates must be monitored to avoid failures that can lead to hazardous situations. The main focus of this research is the real-time autonomous evaluation of faults in navigation maps used in intelligent vehicles. Current passenger vehicles are equipped with proprioceptive sensors that allow estimating accurately the vehicle state over short periods of time rather than long trajectories. They include receiver for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and are also increasingly equipped with exteroceptive sensors like radar or smart camera systems. The challenge resides on evaluating the integrity of the navigation maps using vehicle on board sensors. Two types of map faults are considered: Structural Faults, addressing connectivity (e.g., intersections). Geometric Faults, addressing geographic location and road geometry (i.e. shape). Initially, a particular structural navigation map fault is addressed: the detection of roundabouts absent in the navigation map. This structural fault is problematic for ADAS and Autonomous Driving. The roundabouts are detected by classifying the shape of the vehicle trajectory. This is stored for use in ADAS and Autonomous Driving functions on future vehicle trips on the same area. Next, the geometry of the map is addressed. The main difficulties to do the autonomous integrity monitoring are the lack of reliable information and the low level of redundancy. This thesis introduces a mathematical framework based on the use of repeated vehicle trips to assess the integrity of map information. A sequential test is then developed to make it robust to noisy sensor data. The mathematical framework is demonstrated theoretically including the derivation of definitions and associated properties. Experiments using data acquired in real traffic conditions illustrate the performance of the proposed approaches
Li, Franck. "Lane-level vehicle localization with integrity monitoring for data aggregation." Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018COMP2458/document.
The information stored in digital road maps has become very important for intelligent vehicles. As intelligent vehicles address more complex environments, the accuracy requirements for this information have increased. Regarded as a geographic database, digital road maps contain contextual information about the road network, crucial for a good understanding of the environment. When combined with data acquired from on-board sensors, a better representation of the environment can be made, improving the vehicle’s situation understanding. Sensors performance can vary drastically depending on the location of the vehicle, mainly due to environmental factors. Comparatively, a map can provide prior information more reliably but to do so, it depends on another essential component: a localization system. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are commonly used in automotive to provide an absolute positioning of the vehicle, but its accuracy is not perfect: GNSS are prone to errors, also depending greatly on the environment (e.g., multipaths). Perception and localization systems are two important components of an intelligent vehicle whose performances vary in function of the vehicle location. This research focuses on their common denominator, the digital road map, and its use as a tool to assess their performance. The idea developed during this thesis is to use the map as a learning canvas, to store georeferenced information about the performance of the sensors during repetitive travels. This requires a robust localization with respect to the map to be available, through a process of map-matching. The main problematic is the discrepancy between the accuracy of the map and of the GNSS, creating ambiguous situations. This thesis develops a map-matching algorithm designed to cope with these ambiguities by providing multiple hypotheses when necessary. The objective is to ensure the integrity of the result by returning a hypothesis set containing the correct matching with high probability. The method relies on proprioceptive sensors via a dead-reckoning approach aided by the map. A coherence checking procedure using GNSS redundant information is then applied to isolate a single map-matching result that can be used to write learning data with confidence in the map. The possibility to handle the digital map in read/write operation has been assessed and the whole writing procedure has been tested on data recorded by test vehicles on open roads
Kurdej, Marek. "Exploitation of map data for the perception of intelligent vehicles." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2174/document.
This thesis is situated in the domains of robotics and data fusion, and concerns geographic information systems. We study the utility of adding digital maps, which model the urban environment in which the vehicle evolves, as a virtual sensor improving the perception results. Indeed, the maps contain a phenomenal quantity of information about the environment : its geometry, topology and additional contextual information. In this work, we extract road surface geometry and building models in order to deduce the context and the characteristics of each detected object. Our method is based on an extension of occupancy grids : the evidential perception grids. It permits to model explicitly the uncertainty related to the map and sensor data. By this means, the approach presents also the advantage of representing homogeneously the data originating from various sources : lidar, camera or maps. The maps are handled on equal terms with the physical sensors. This approach allows us to add geographic information without imputing unduly importance to it, which is essential in presence of errors. In our approach, the information fusion result, stored in a perception grid, is used to predict the stateof environment on the next instant. The fact of estimating the characteristics of dynamic elements does not satisfy the hypothesis of static world. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the level of certainty attributed to these pieces of information. We do so by applying the temporal discounting. Due to the fact that existing methods are not well suited for this application, we propose a family of discoun toperators that take into account the type of handled information. The studied algorithms have been validated through tests on real data. We have thus developed the prototypes in Matlab and the C++ software based on Pacpus framework. Thanks to them, we present the results of experiments performed in real conditions
Books on the topic "Cartes géospatiales":
Rogerson, Peter. Statistical detection and surveillance of geographic clusters. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2009.
Moraga, Paula. Geospatial Health Data: Modeling and Visualization with R-INLA and Shiny. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.
Moraga, Paula. Geospatial Health Data: Modeling and Visualization with R-INLA and Shiny. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.
Moraga, Paula. Geospatial Health Data. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.
Moraga, Paula. Geospatial Health Data: Modeling and Visualization with R-INLA and Shiny. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.
Rogerson, Peter, and Ikuho Yamada. Statistical Detection and Surveillance of Geographic Clusters. Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.
Rogerson, Peter, and Ikuho Yamada. Statistical Detection and Surveillance of Geographic Clusters. Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.
Reports on the topic "Cartes géospatiales":
Boisvert, E., B. Brodaric, H. Julien, F. Létourneau, and A. Smirnoff. Données du programme des eaux souterraines accessibles via la Plateforme Géospatiale Fédérale (PGF), données et cartes ouvertes. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/306614.