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Academic literature on the topic 'Carrières (sites d'extraction) – Antiquité'
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Journal articles on the topic "Carrières (sites d'extraction) – Antiquité"
Djangbedja, Minkilabe. "Impact de l’âge d’abandon sur les caractéristiques floristiques dans les carrières de phosphates au sud-est du Togo." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, no. 1 (June 8, 2022): 272–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i1.23.
Full textFreire-Lista, David Martín, and Rafael Fort. "Heritage Stone 4. The Piedra Berroqueña Region: Candidacy for Global Heritage Stone Province Status." Geoscience Canada 43, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2015.42.076.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Carrières (sites d'extraction) – Antiquité"
Gaillard, Jacques. "L'exploitation antique de la pierre de taille dans le bassin de la Charente." La Rochelle, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LAROF015.
Full textThe ancient exploitation of hewn stone in the Charente basin provided a beautiful white stone from the limestone outcrops which was used in architecture and for sculpturing. This study explores the process of manipulating the stone: extraction, hewing, turning, boarding and transport. The archaeological approach consists in precision srutiny of all traces left by early quarrymen, on the bottom surface and all worked faces of the quarry. It then proposes grids for reading and analyses which are applicable to the whole area. Being closely linked to construction sites, the quarry is of major interest to archaeological research dealing with built structures. Apart from examining the different techniques, this research also explores the quarry as a space for living. Taking into account the excavations of the Île Sèche quarry at Thénac (Charente-Maritime), it proposes a study of the population who lived in quarries, either temporarily or permanently: living quarters, the every day life of quarrymen, the rôle of the blacksmith, etc. Alongside the historical and archaeological aspect of study, a research was carried out from the geological point of view in order to specify Saintonge limestones according to its origin and to compare it with samples taken on the antique monuments. Stone of Thénac and Crazannes quarries has been used as the basis for an identification code which could be extended to other Saintonge quarries. These references can now be considered as a means to determine the dispersion of Saintonge limestone and to have a better knowledge of the romanization
Polinski, Alexandre. "Provenance et utilisation de la pierre dans la basse vallée de la Loire (Ier siècle av. J. -C-VIIIe siècle ap. J. -C. )." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT3028.
Full textDridi, Hédi. "Recherches sur le marbre et ses usages dans l'Occident phénicien et le monde punique : des premières fondations phéniciennes à la chute de Carthage." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010649.
Full textde, Vals Marilou. "Emploi de la pierre en Grèce antique autour du Golfe de Corinthe." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS493.
Full textThis work focuses on limestone construction-stones used in archaeological context, in monumental construction from the 7th to the 1st century B.C., in continental Greece, more precisely on sites in the eastern Gulf of Corinth. Unlike marbles, limestones and their associated quarries have rarely been the subject of archaeometric and systematic study, and confusions about the geological nature of the rocks are common. The main questions addressed here are therefore: (1) what types of stone are used? (2) where do these stones come from? (3) why were these stones chosen? This thesis is based on extensive fieldworks, which provide an inventory of construction-stones and ancient quarries. It is combined with the study of geological contexts and an important historiographical study, as work on archaeological site is limited (working on remains, without sampling). The Gulf of Corinth is an active quaternary graben: on the southern margin, syn-rift deposits are outcropping because of the uplift of the Peloponnese. These formations were exploited by Greek builders and provided the majority of the pôros, a generic term used since Antiquity to speak about recent unconsolidated rocks of various types (sandstone, travertine, tuff, shell limestone). Some of these facies were imported, but the majority of the sites exploited local resources (hard limestone, conglomerate or sandstone, depending on the geology): a low diversity of stones is observed in each site (<5 facies), and more than 80% of the volume of stone is represented by one single local facies. Finally, to understand the choice of stones by the Greek builders, a study of the petrophysical properties of different materials was carried out. It seems that the density was the only important physical property. One site shows exceptional characteristics: the sanctuary of Delphi, where more than twenty facies have been identified: the local facies (limestone, breccia and travertine) represent a relatively small volume. Half of the facies are allochthonous and represent more than 50% of the volume of stone used: the oolitic dune of Corinth, the limestone of Megara, black stones, Cycladic and Attic marbles, but also various sandstones whose origin remains to be defined. These new data inform us about the exchange of stones at the scale of the Gulf in Antiquity, and suggest areas for future research on the study of limestone used in construction
Galazzo, Daniela. "Recherches sur la statuaire et les monuments en quartzite en Égypte au Nouvel Empire (XVIIIe - XIXe dynasties)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040142.
Full textBased on a large corpus of works made of quartzite, centred on statuary but also taking into account other types of monuments, the present study is a review of this hard stone use by the ancient Egyptians during New Kingdom, mainly 18th and 19th dynasties. Quartzite or silicified sandstone was extracted from Gebel el-Ahmar quarries in the North and from Aswan quarries in the South. Having mentioned the geologic characteristics of quartzite and its name in the ancient Egyptian texts, the study deals with the work in the quarries (organization and technical aspects like extraction technologies, tools, rough or unfinished pieces found in situ) and the transport of the stone from the quarry to the workshop. The second part of the research, introduced by a chapter on quartzite use before New Kingdom, is dedicated to the monuments of the catalogue put in their context : their examination reveals the significant development of this material during the 18th dynasty, with a peak under the reigns of Amenhotep III and Akhenaton, heavily influenced by solar beliefs, and a revival under Seti Ist (especially in Heliopolis) and Ramesses II, who wanted to emulate his predecessor Amenhotep III. The use of quartzite in royal and divine monuments might be explained by its solar symbolism, due to the red colour of the stone and the mythical origin of the Gebel el-Ahmar : it is the reason why this high-value stone is almost exclusively reserved for the Egyptian elite. An appendix containing the results from scientific analysis conducted on some quartzite objects kept in the Louvre Museum completes the study
Lamy, Pierre-Antoine. "De la carrière à l'abandon : la sculpture sur pierre chez les Éduens : Ier-IVe siècles ap. J.-C." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOL014/document.
Full textAchieving an inventory of 2361 non-architectural stone sculptures discovered in the civitas Aeduorum, a distribution map shows that most of these can be found in the northern part of the civitas. There, the sandstone is of the utmost quality, thus explaining this specific concentration. The same area has clearly received influences from the northern civitates. We now know more about the operational chain of stone, from the quarry to the abandon of the sculpted artifact. Stone supply was mostly local, but some long distance transports have been seen. Sculptors have elaborated a craft where the material was no longer a constraint. Some specificities have been put to light, such as a peculiar iconography, especially when it comes to tombstones, and a neglect for portraits. Henceforth, we can discuss stone-craft in this civitas from a macroscopic perspective. This allows an analysis of the spatial distribution as well as new data regarding ancient techniques, iconography and style. Combining those points has led to the identification of 33 workshops and 50 isolated sculptors, active from the Ist century CE to the IVth century. Stone sculpture has mostly developed during the Flavian dynasty, reached its peak during the second half of the IInd century CE before a downfall in the IIIrd century. In the Aedui civitas, stone-carving is not an urban phenomenon, and some high-skilled workshops were active in several pagi, sanctuaries and small settlements. In the end, links between the workshops have been found : they reveal local traditions, competition between sculptors, influences and affiliations
Morleghem, Daniel. "Production et diffusion des sarcophages de pierre de l'Antiquité tardive et du haut Moyen Age dans le Sud du Bassin parisien." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR2017.
Full textThe sarcophagi production is, between the end of the fifth century to the ninth century, an artisanal and economic activity of major importance, witness of economic networks and local and regional cultural area. The inventory and study of sarcophagi in funerary context allowed us to establish a detailed typology founded on morphological, decorative and technological criteria. On some 2500 sarcophagi studied, only a few are well dated. A relative typo-chronology has been established, based on best datations and on the evolution of shapes and decorative models. From the study of production sites, including four quarrying center were studied, we can observe an important expertise and a very rational organization of production. The confrontation of study data from sarcophagi and quarries has allowed us to restitute several diffusion areas: micro-local (Civaux or Chauvigny), local (Panzoult, valley of the Manse or red sandstone of Loir valley) or regional (Bourbonnais or Nivernais productions, outside our study area)
Auvray, Christophe. "Vieillissement et comportement rhéologique du gypse." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2003_AUVRAY_C.pdf.
Full textThe underground gypsum mines could show multiple types of instabilities which have major consequences in the surface and in depth. The demonstrations of these disorders are expansions of pillars, ascents of walls, the forming of subsidence. Generally, the old exploited districts are more degraded than the recent ones. To determine the identity, the source and the intensity of gypsum aging, scanning electron microscope observations were conducted on samples located in zones mined during different time periods. Dissolution traces were described on bath crystals faces and extremities. Their origin is probably due to water vapor present in the mining atmosphere. Their intensity decreases with distance from the wall towards the middle of the pillar. The short ti me behaviour of the gypsum was described. Measurements of rooms convergence, pillars expansion and creep tests with controlled hygrometry made it possible to study (in situ and in laboratory) the long term behaviour of gypsum. A coupling hydro-chimico-mechanics was supposed to control the differed deformations. Two mechanisms of differed deformations were proposed : dissolution/migration of water and dislocation. To describe the differed behaviour, a law of long-term behaviour was proposed. The short time behaviour was not taken into account : no instability was noted. The law was based on the unification of the Lemaitre law and Norton law. The good agreement between experimental curves and the simulations showed the capacity of the coupled model to predict the long-term behaviour of the gypsum
Dujardin, Laurent. "Carrières de pierre en Normandie : Contribution à l'étude historique et archéologique des carrières de pierre à bâtir à Caen (calvados) et en Normandie aux époques médiévale et moderne." Caen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CAEN1253.
Full textMoiriat, Denis. "Evolution des désordres dans les carrières souterraines abandonnées." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112344.
Full textIn urban zones, accidents frequently occur above undermined surfaces. During the previous centuries, in most of the european countries, it became necessary to open many underground workings with the expansion of great urban centers. These quarries are currently abandoned and are deteriorating in course of time. The process of deterioration in these underground cavities are not well known yet, particularly the mechanisms that lead to delayed failures. The failure approach remains a problematic issue. The methods that are currently used (measures of stress and strain determinations, microseismic,. . . ) only provide partial information. The main purpose of our research is to analyze the disorders occurring in various abandoned underground quarries, so as to get a better understanding of their long-term behavior. This study places emphasis on the geological factors of sites (lithology, natural fractures, close to hillside), and also on the geometry of working. Different approaches are developed and compared : Geological observations in different workings of chalk, gypsum and massive limestone; Analysis of instrumental data; Experimental studies of observed rocks : characteristic features and long-term behavior in saturated conditions (test of creep); 2D numerical modeling, applied to observed cases. This work leads to propose the typology of principal failure mechanisms which may happen, and therefore, to offer better tools to foresee the risks. It comes within the framework of a theme of research Abandoned Underground Quarries proposed by the Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées in 1998