Journal articles: 'Carp'

1

Ohnesorge-Fick, Karen. "Carp Lake." Antioch Review 51, no. 1 (1993): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4612670.

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Balaban, J. "The Carp." Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 6, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isle/6.1.120.

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Bashford, Sir H. H. "Augustus Carp." Médecine Palliative : Soins de Support - Accompagnement - Éthique 5, no. 4 (September 2006): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1636-6522(06)77386-x.

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Plewis, Ian, W. A. Fuller, W. Kennedy, D. Schnell, G. Sullivan, H. J. Park, Richard Coe, and W. A. Fuller. "PC CARP." Applied Statistics 38, no. 3 (1989): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2347750.

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Spannhof, L. "Carp farming." Aquaculture 80, no. 3-4 (September 1989): 380–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(89)90188-9.

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Baek, J. E., J. B. Park, J. H. Bae, M. H. Kim, S. W. Hong, S. W. Hwang, J. L. Lee, et al. "P366 Risk factors and outcomes of chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis in Korean ulcerative colitis patients: a single center retrospective study." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 18, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2024): i776—i777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad212.0496.

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Abstract Background Chronic inflammation of the pouch after total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) remains a morbid complication in ulcerative colitis (UC). The goal of this study was to investigate risk factors and clinical outcomes of chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis (CARP) in Korean patients with UC. Methods This was a single center retrospective study on patients with UC who underwent total proctocolectomy with IPAA at Asan Medical Center in Korea between January 1987 and December 2022. CARP was defined as failure to respond to a 4-week course of a single antibiotic, needing more than 4 weeks of therapy with 5-aminosalicylates, steroids, immunomodulators or biologics/small molecules, while chronic antibiotic-dependent pouchitis (CADP) was defined as more than 3 episodes of pouchitis per year or persistent symptoms requiring long-term antibiotics to maintain disease remission. Primary outcomes were endoscopic remission defined as complete mucosal healing of chronic pouchitis and pouch failure defined as the requirement of diverting loop ileostomy or pouch excision. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify risk factors of CARP. Results A total of 251 patients were included and 232 were analyzed (Male, 57.3%; Current smoker, 13.4%; Median age at surgery, 44 years; Disease duration at surgery, 4 years; Previous exposure to biologics/small molecules, 23.7%; Extra-intestinal manifestations, 8.2%; Preoperative cytomegalovirus infection, 19.4%). The most common cause of surgery was steroid refractoriness (50.9%), followed by dysplasia/colorectal cancer (26.7%). The median time from surgery to chronic pouchitis was 48 months (interquartile range 23.5–100.0). Among 74 patients (31.9%) with chronic pouchitis, 31 patients (13.4%) were CARP and 43 patients (18.5%) were CADP. The most frequent endoscopic phenotype according to Chicago classification was focal inflammation of the pouch in all groups (chronic pouchitis, 47.3%; CARP, 35.5%; CADP, 55.8%). Patients with CARP were less likely to have concomitant probiotics compared with CADP (29.0% vs 72.1%; p<0.01). Endoscopic remission rate in chronic pouchitis, CARP, and CADP were 14.9% (11/74), 9.7% (3/31), and 18.6% (8/43), respectively (Table 1). Pouch failure rate in chronic pouchitis, CARP, and CADP were 13.5% (10/74), 16.1% (5/31), and 11.6% (5/43), respectively (Table 1). In a multivariable analysis, current smoking status was positively associated with CARP development (OR: 3.56; 95% confidence interval 1.33–9.52; p=0.01). Conclusion Current smoker with UC who underwent IPAA had a higher risk of CARP. Concomitant use of probiotics was less likely to be associated with developing CARP.

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Arabova, Z. M., O. I. Konnova, I. Yu Aleksanyan, A. H. H. Nugmanov, M. S. Arabov, N. P. Memedeikina, and E. V. Sokolova. "COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF BIG CARP, CATFISH, CARP AND PIECE CAVIAR." Sovremennaya nauka i innovatsii, no. 1 (41) (2023): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37493/2307-910x.2023.1.6.

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The study and analysis of the chemical composition and biochemical parameters of caviar raw materials of freshwater fish living in the lower reaches of the Volga confirm the fact that caviar raw materials have a relatively high energy and biological efficiency of functioning and the value of protein and lipid complexes. The biological value of protein complexes is due to the presence of the entire list of essential amino acids, the total proportion of which is higher compared to the ideal protein substance. Freshwater, like marine caviar, is an excellent source of lipids, including phospholipids, which contain a significant amount of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, in recent studies related to fish raw materials and related products, much attention is paid to them. This article provides an overview of the chemical composition and properties of caviar of four species of fish, the caviar component of which is in low demand in native and processed form in the domestic fish products market.

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Tong, J., Z. Wang, X. Yu, Q. Wu, and K. H. Chu. "Cross-species amplification in silver carp and bighead carp with microsatellite primers of common carp." Molecular Ecology Notes 2, no. 3 (September 2002): 245–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-8286.2002.00214.x.

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9

Carpentier, Marieke, Sara Stockman, and Greet Van Hoye. "Rekrutering via Sociale MediaEen Kwalitatief Onderzoek Bij Hr-managers En Medewerkers." Tijdschrift voor HRM 21, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 32–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/thrm2018.4.carp.

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De meerderheid van de werkzoekenden is actief op sociale media. Deze platformen zijn daarom veelbelovende tools voor rekrutering en employer branding. Organisaties kunnen sociale media aanwenden om huidige vacatures in te vullen, maar ook om een aantrekkelijk employer brand te creëren met het oog op toekomstige aanwervingen. Ondanks dat meer en meer organisaties sociale media gebruiken voor rekrutering, is er nog weinig onderzoek over hoe en waarom sociale media worden gebruikt in een rekruteringscontext en welke problemen zich hierbij kunnen stellen. Deze kwalitatieve studie onderzoekt de ervaringen van HR-managers en medewerkers. Hierbij ligt enerzijds de focus op sociale media als rekruteringstool in het algemeen. Anderzijds wordt gekeken naar één specifieke manier waarop sociale media als rekruteringstool kunnen worden ingezet, met name via het betrekken van medewerkers. Op basis van de resultaten adviseren wij HR-professionals in de praktijk om een systematische samenwerking met de departementen marketing en communicatie uit te bouwen, en om te investeren in HR-metrics. Ook strekt het tot de aanbeveling om medewerkers meer te informeren over wat ze kunnen doen met sociale media gericht op rekrutering, en daarbij beter in te spelen op wat medewerkers motiveert om positieve informatie over hun werkgever te verspreiden. Tenslotte wijzen we op het belang van een lange termijn strategie voor rekrutering waarop alle activiteiten worden afgestemd.Due to the widespread use of social media, these platforms are promising tools for recruitment and employer branding. Organizations can employ social media not only for filling in vacancies, but also to create an attractive employer brand to serve future needs. However, almost no research has investigated recruiting through social media. Hence, this qualitative study examines the experiences of both HR managers and employees to understand why and how social media are used in a recruitment context and which problems occur. We focus on social media as recruitment tools in general and on how and why employees are stimulated to share vacancies and messages on these platforms as well. Based on the study results, we recommend that organizations set up a collaboration between the different departments involved in the use of social media, invest in HR metrics and analytics, improve the communication to employees with regard to what they can do, how and why, understand why employees want to share information about the organization as an employer and create communication to trigger these motives, and, finally, invest in a long term strategy and align all recruitment activities with this strategy.

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Banerjee, Arnab, Arijit Das, Samarendra Behra, Debotosh Bhattacharjee, Nagesh Talagunda Srinivasan, Mita Nasipuri, and Nibaran Das. "Carp-DCAE: Deep convolutional autoencoder for carp fish classification." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 196 (May 2022): 106810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.106810.

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11

Chang, Y. S., F. L. Huang, and T. B. Lo. "Molecular cloning of silver carp and bighead carp prolactin." General and Comparative Endocrinology 87, no. 2 (August 1992): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(92)90030-n.

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Lederman, Nathan, Scott Collins, Jeremy Hammen, and Joseph Parkos. "Catching carp: a review of bigheaded carp capture strategies." Management of Biological Invasions 15, no. 1 (2024): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2024.15.1.02.

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Yuan, Jian, Zhuzi He, Xiangnan Yuan, Xiayun Jiang, Xiaowen Sun, and Shuming Zou. "Retracted:Evidence for duplicatedHoxgenes in polyploid Cyprinidae fish of common carp, crucian carp and silver crucian carp." Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution 314B, no. 2 (March 15, 2010): i—xii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21323.

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14

Vukich, Carin L. "Carp Versus Cranium." Journal of Trauma Nursing 14, no. 2 (April 2007): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jtn.0000278794.66654.e9.

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15

Carp, Richard I. "Response from Carp." Trends in Microbiology 8, no. 4 (April 2000): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0966-842x(00)01726-1.

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Suetsugu, Kenji, and Yusuke Togashi. "Flying carp eggs." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 18, no. 1 (February 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fee.2157.

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Nechiporuk, T. V. "TECHNOLOGY OPTIMIZATION OF YOUNG CARP AND CARP-CRUCIAN HYBRID CULTIVATION." Vestnik OrelGAU 1, no. 64 (March 2017): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15217/issn1990-3618.2017.1.86.

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Opuszynski, K., J. V. Shireman, F. J. Aldridge, and R. Rottmann. "Intensive culture of grass carp and hybrid grass carp larvae." Journal of Fish Biology 26, no. 5 (May 1985): 563–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb04297.x.

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Phaya, Xolani, Jing-Xiang Zhou, Zhuo Yu Wang, Hao Wang, and Jie Liang. "Carp edema virus a rising threat to global carp population." Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine 51, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.56808/2985-1130.3135.

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Li, Guang-Zhao, Xu-Fang Liang, Wei Yao, Wan-Qin Liao, and Wei-Feng Zhu. "Molecular characterization of glutathione peroxidase gene from the liver of silver carp, bighead carp and grass carp." BMB Reports 41, no. 3 (March 31, 2008): 204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.3.204.

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Liu, Xiangjiang, Yongjun Liang, Cuiyun Lu, Yumei Chang, Chitao Li, Xiangfeng Qin, Shuyue Quan, Zeyu Wang, Guiwei Zou, and Guangfu Hu. "Mitochondrial genome of Ying hybrid carp (Russian scattered scale mirror carp ♀ × carp-goldfish nucleocytoplasmic hybrid ♂)." Mitochondrial DNA Part B 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 925–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2016.1247661.

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Wu Lizhao, Wang Zuxiong, and Cao Yongchang. "Genetic variability of natural populations of silver carp, bighead carp and grass carp in the Yangtze River." Aquaculture 111, no. 1-4 (April 1993): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(93)90112-c.

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Chang, Y. S., C. S. Liu, F. L. Huang, and T. B. Lo. "The primary structures of growth hormones of three cyprinid species: Bighead carp, silver carp, and grass carp." General and Comparative Endocrinology 87, no. 3 (September 1992): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(92)90045-l.

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Camacho, Carlos A., Christopher J. Sullivan, Michael J. Weber, and Clay L. Pierce. "Morphological Identification of Bighead Carp, Silver Carp, and Grass Carp Eggs Using Random Forests Machine Learning Classification." North American Journal of Fisheries Management 39, no. 6 (November 19, 2019): 1373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10380.

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Roy, Dulon, Zavyalov Aleksandar Petrobich, Blacob Balentin Aleksebich, and Gulshan Ara Latifa. "Intensive polyculture of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idella) at different stocking densities." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 46, no. 1 (July 26, 2018): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v46i1.37628.

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An experiment was carried out for 6 months on rearing of common carp, mirror carp, grass carp and silver carp under polyculture system at different stocking densities in cemented tanks (5 - 7 m in diameter and water depth 1.0 - 1.5 m). Observations were made on fish growth in terms of monthly and per day weight gain. Grass carp attained the maximum weight 686 ± 17, 720 ± 16.5 and 765 ± 9.6 in three tanks, respectively. Weight gained followed by silver carp as 680 ± 10 g, 680 ± 12.6 g and 701 ± 9.2 g in tank 1, tank 2 and tank 3, respectively. The common carp gained its average maximum weight 525 ± 10.7 g in tank3 and the mirror carp also attained its maximum weight 500 ± 12.2 g in same tank. In common carp the maximum average daily weight gain (3.2 ± 0.1 g) was in the month of December and lowest was (1.92 ± 0.2 g) in the month of August in tank 3. In mirror carp the maximum average daily weight gain (3.03 ± 0.09 g) was in the month of September and lowest (1.41 ± 0.07g) in the month of July in tank 3 and tank 2, respectively. In grass carp the maximum average daily weight gain (4.24 ± 0.17 g) was in the month of August and lowest (2.72 ± 0.07 g) in the month of July in tank 3 and tank 1, respectively. Among silver carp the maximum average daily weight gain (4.45 ± 0.01 g) recorded in the month of October and lowest was (2.61 ± 0.11 g) in the month of July in tank 1. The specific growth rate (SGR) was 1.23 ± 0.64 to 1.33 ± 0.83 in common carp, 1.27 ± 0.9 to 1.34 ± 0.8 in mirror carp, 1.36 ± 0.86 to 1.55 ± 1.13 in grass carp and 1.41 ± 0.83 to 1.52 ± 1.09 in silver carp in different culture treatments.Bangladesh J. Zool. 46(1): 71-80, 2018

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Lin, Chengyuan, Xue Jiang, Mulan He, Ling Zhao, Tao Huang, Zhaoxiang Bian, and Anderson O. L. Wong. "Mechanisms for PACAP-induced prolactin gene expression in grass carp pituitary cells." Journal of Endocrinology 233, no. 1 (April 2017): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-16-0433.

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In mammals, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a pleiotropic hormone with diverse functions but its role in prolactin (PRL) regulation is highly controversial. To shed light on Prl regulation by PACAP in fish model, grass carp pituitary cells was used as a model to examine the receptor specificity and signal transduction for PACAP modulation of prl gene expression in the carp pituitary. Using RT-PCR, PACAP-selective PAC1 receptor was detected in carp lactotrophs. In carp pituitary cells, nanomolar doses of PACAP, but not VIP, could elevate Prl secretion and protein production with concurrent rise in prl mRNA and these stimulatory effects were blocked by PACAP antagonist but not VIP antagonist. PACAP-induced prl mRNA expression could be mimicked by activating adenylate cyclase (AC), increasing cAMP level by cAMP analog, or increasing intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) by Ca2+ ionophore/voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channel (VSCC) activator. PACAP-induced prl gene expression, however, was attenuated/abolished by suppressing cAMP production, inhibiting PKA activity, blocking [Ca2+]i mobilization and VSCC activation, calmodulin (CaM) antagonism, and inactivation of JNK and CaM Kinase II (CaMK-II). Similar sensitivity to CaM, JNK, and CaMK-II blockade was also noted by substituting cAMP analog for PACAP as the stimulant for prl mRNA expression. These results, as a whole, provide evidence for the first time that (i) PACAP activation of PAC1 receptor expressed in carp lactotrophs could induce Prl synthesis and secretion, and (ii) Prl production induced by PACAP was mediated by upregulation of prl gene expression, presumably via functional coupling of cAMP/PKA-, Ca2+/CaM-, and MAPK-dependent cascades.

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George, Amy E., Tatiana Garcia, Benjamin H. Stahlschmidt, and Duane C. Chapman. "Ontogenetic changes in swimming speed of silver carp, bighead carp, and grass carp larvae: implications for larval dispersal." PeerJ 6 (November 2, 2018): e5869. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5869.

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Bighead, silver, and grass carps are invasive in the waterways of central North America, and grass carp reproduction in tributaries of the Great Lakes has now been documented. Questions about recruitment potential motivate a need for accurate models of egg and larval dispersal. Quantitative data on swimming behaviors and capabilities during early ontogeny are needed to improve these dispersal models. We measured ontogenetic changes in routine and maximum swimming speeds of bighead, grass, and silver carp larvae. Daily measurements of routine swimming speed were taken for two weeks post-hatch using a still camera and the LARVEL program, a custom image-analysis software. Larval swimming speed was calculated using larval locations in subsequent image frames and time between images. Using an endurance chamber, we determined the maximum swimming speed of larvae (post-gas bladder inflation) for four to eight weeks post-hatch. For all species, larval swimming speeds showed similar trends with respect to ontogeny: increases in maximum speed, and decreases in routine speed. Maximum speeds of bighead and grass carp larvae were similar and generally faster than silver carp larvae. Routine swimming speeds of all larvae were highest before gas bladder inflation, most likely because gas bladder inflation allowed the fish to maintain position without swimming. Downward vertical velocities of pre-gas bladder inflation fish were faster than upward velocities. Among the three species, grass carp larvae had the highest swimming speeds in the pre-gas bladder inflation period, and the lowest speeds in the post-gas bladder inflation period. Knowledge of swimming capability of these species, along with hydraulic characteristics of a river, enables further refinement of models of embryonic and larval drift.

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Wiley, M. J., S. M. Pescitelli, and L. D. Wike. "The relationship between feeding preferences and consumption rates in grass carp and grass carp x bighead carp hybrids." Journal of Fish Biology 29, no. 4 (October 1986): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1986.tb04966.x.

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Linden, Annemie Van der, Marleen Verhoye, and Göran E. Nilsson. "Does Anoxia Induce Cell Swelling in Carp Brains? In Vivo MRI Measurements in Crucian Carp and Common Carp." Journal of Neurophysiology 85, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.85.1.125.

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Although both common and crucian carp survived 2 h of anoxia at 18°C, the response of their brains to anoxia was quite different and indicative of the fact that the crucian carp is anoxia tolerant while the common carp is not. Using in vivo T2 and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we studied anoxia induced changes in brain volume, free water content (T2), and water homeostasis (water diffusion coefficient). The anoxic crucian carp showed no signs of brain swelling or changes in brain water homeostasis even after 24 h except for the optic lobes, where cellular edema was indicated. The entire common carp brain suffered from cellular edema, net water gain, and a volume increase (by 6.5%) that proceeded during 100 min normoxic recovery (by 10%). The common carp recovered from this insult, proving that the changes were reversible and suggesting that the oversized brain cavity allows brain swelling during energy deficiency without a resultant increase in intracranial pressure and global ischemia. It is tempting to suggest that this is a function of the large brain cavity seen in many ectothermic vertebrates.

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Wong, Anderson O. L., Dongliang Li, Cheng Ye, Mulan He, and Wendy K. W. Ko. "ODP343 Phoenixin as a Novel Autocrine/Paracrine Factor Stimulating Prolactin Secretion and Gene Expression at the Pituitary Level in Fish Model." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): A506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1052.

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Abstract Phoenixin (PNX), a new peptide first identified by bioinformatics, is widely expressed at tissue level and confirmed to be the ligand for the orphan receptor GPR173. Its mature peptide PNX 20 is highly conserved across species and emerged as a novel regulator for reproductive, appetite control, memory retention, plain perception and cardiovascular protection. However, not much is known for the comparative aspects of PNX and the post-receptor signaling mediating PNX action is still unclear. Using grass carp as a model for bony fish/teleost, carp PNX and its receptor GPR173 were cloned and confirmed to be single-copy genes in the carp genome. Using RT-PCR, transcript signals of PNX and GPR173 were found to be widely expressed in different tissues, including the brain-pituitary axis. As revealed by LC/MS/MS and ICC staining, protein signals of PNX and GPR173 could be detected in the pituitary and co-localized in immuno-identified lactotrophs. In primary culture of carp pituitary cells, static incubation with the synthetic peptide of carp PNX 20 was effective in increasing prolactin (PRL) release, PRL cell content and total production of PRL with a parallel rise in PRL mRNA level. The opposite was true for PRL secretion and transcript expression in parallel experiment with removal of endogenous PNX by immunoneutralization using PNX antiserum. Besides the stimulation on PRL signals, similar treatment with PNX 20 could also elevate cAMP and intracellular Ca 2+ levels with rapid phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, MEK 1/2 and ERK 1/2 in carp pituitary cells. In the same model, except for a lack of effect with PKC blockade, co-treatment with the pharmacological inhibitors for different signalling components of the cAMP/PKA, PLC/IP 3, PI3K/Akt and MAPK cascades was effective in reducing/causing a total blockade of PNX 20 -induced PRL release and gene expression. Our results, as a whole, suggest that (i) PNX produced locally within the carp pituitary, presumably via activation of GPR173, could act as an autocrine/paracrine signal to stimulate PRL secretion and gene expression in carp lactotrophs, and (ii) the stimulatory effects on PRL regulation caused by the local actions of PNX probably are mediated by the cAMP/PKA-, PLC/IP 3 -, PI3K/Akt- and MAPK-dependent signaling mechanisms. Presentation: No date and time listed

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YU, Hong-Xia, Wen-Qiao TANG, and Si-Fa LI. "Ontogenetic Changes in Meristic Measurements of Silver Carp and Bighead Carp." Zoological Research 31, no. 2 (May 12, 2010): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1141.2010.02169.

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Rach, Jeff J., Michael Boogaard, and Cynthia Kolar. "Toxicity of Rotenone and Antimycin to Silver Carp and Bighead Carp." North American Journal of Fisheries Management 29, no. 2 (April 2009): 388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/m08-081.1.

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Kroboth, Patrick T., Duane C. Chapman, Robert A. Hrabik, and David A. Neely. "Characteristics for the External Identification of Black Carp From Grass Carp." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 10, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 304–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/112018-jfwm-102.

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Abstract Black Carp Mylopharyngodon piceus and Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella are morphologically similar species native to eastern Asia and imported to North America as biological control organisms. Preferred identification methods are coloration and pharyngeal tooth form. Grass Carp possess serrated teeth and Black Carp molariform teeth. Examination of pharyngeal teeth causes extensive damage to a specimen and is labor and time intensive. Coloration can vary within a species and fades with preservation. We present a suite of external characteristics consisting of a truss network canonical variate analysis of distance measurements among landmarks on the lateral view of the head of each fish, the ratio of head length to mouth width, the visible presence of the premaxilla viewed dorsally with the mouth fully closed, and anterior lateral line angles among scales. Canonical variate analysis suggested that Grass Carp have a deeper head at the preoperculum and Black Carp a more elongate head relative to the preoperculum and eye. Comparisons of head length to mouth width ratio, visibility of the premaxilla dorsally with the mouth fully closed, and anterior lateral line angles all served as external characteristics of species, but outliers were present for each method. Because of the plastic morphology of wild populations, we suggest that a combination of characters be applied for identification.

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Steinhagen, D., B. Oesterreich, and W. Körting. "Carp coccidiosis:clinical and hematological observations of carp infected with Goussia carpelli." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 30 (1997): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao030137.

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Brummett, Randall E., R. O. Smitherman, and Rex A. Dunham. "Isozyme expression in bighead carp, silver carp and their reciprocal hybrids." Aquaculture 70, no. 1-2 (May 1988): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(88)90003-8.

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Dabrowski, K., and P. Poczyczyński. "Comparative experiments on starter diets for grass carp and common carp." Aquaculture 69, no. 3-4 (April 1988): 317–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(88)90339-0.

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Vujković, Gordana, Đerđ Karlović, Ivan Vujković, István Vörösbaranyi, and Branislava Jovanović. "Composition of muscle tissue lipids of silver carp and bighead carp." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 76, no. 4 (April 1999): 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11746-999-0027-1.

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Wang, Xinyan, Mable M. S. Chu, and Anderson O. L. Wong. "Signaling mechanisms for α2-adrenergic inhibition of PACAP-induced growth hormone secretion and gene expression grass carp pituitary cells." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 292, no. 6 (June 2007): E1750—E1762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00001.2007.

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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a potent growth hormone (GH)-releasing factor in lower vertebrates. However, its functional interactions with other GH regulators have not been fully characterized. In fish models, norepinephrine (NE) inhibits GH release at the pituitary cell level, but its effects on GH synthesis have yet to be determined. We examined adrenergic inhibition of PACAP-induced GH secretion and GH gene expression using grass carp pituitary cells as a cell model. Through activation of pituitary α2-adrenoreceptors, NE or the α2-agonist clonidine reduced both basal and PACAP-induced GH release and GH mRNA expression. In carp pituitary cells, clonidine also suppressed cAMP production and intracellular Ca2+ levels and blocked PACAP induction of these two second messenger signals. In GH3 cells transfected with a reporter carrying the grass carp GH promoter, PACAP stimulation increased GH promoter activity, and this stimulatory effect could be abolished by NE treatment. In parallel experiments, clonidine reduced GH primary transcript and GH promoter activity without affecting GH mRNA stability, and these inhibitory actions were mimicked by inhibiting adenylate cyclase (AC), blocking protein kinase A (PKA), removing extracellular Ca2+ in the culture medium, or inactivating L-type voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels (VSCC). Since our recent studies have shown that PACAP can induce GH secretion in carp pituitary cells through cAMP/PKA- and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent mechanisms, these results, taken together, suggest that α2-adrenergic stimulation in the carp pituitary may inhibit PACAP-induced GH release and GH gene transcription by blocking the AC/cAMP/PKA pathway and Ca2+ entry through L-type VSCC.

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WU, Qingjiang. "Two unisexual artificial polyploid clones constructed by genome addition of common carp (Cyprinus carp) and crucian carp (Carassius auratus)." Science in China Series C 46, no. 6 (2003): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/02yc0198.

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Hedrick, Ronald P., Thomas B. Waltzek, and Terry S. McDowell. "Susceptibility of Koi Carp, Common Carp, Goldfish, and Goldfish × Common Carp Hybrids to Cyprinid Herpesvirus-2 and Herpesvirus-3." Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 18, no. 1 (March 2006): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/h05-028.1.

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Yuan, Jian, Zhuzi He, Xiangnan Yuan, Xiayun Jiang, Xiaowen Sun, and Shuming Zou. "Speciation of polyploid Cyprinidae fish of common carp, crucian carp, and silver crucian carp derived from duplicated Hox genes." Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution 314B, no. 6 (April 7, 2010): 445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jez.b.21350.

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42

Janssens, P. A., and P. Lowrey. "Hormonal regulation of hepatic glycogenolysis in the carp, Cyprinus carpio." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 252, no. 4 (April 1, 1987): R653—R660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1987.252.4.r653.

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Carp (Cyprinus carpio) liver maintained normal glycogen content and enzyme complement for several days in organ culture. Epinephrine-stimulated glycogenolysis, phosphorylase activation, and cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner with EC50s of 100, 100, and 500 nM, respectively. These actions were blocked by the beta-adrenergic antagonist, propranolol, but not by the alpha-adrenergic antagonist phentolamine. Glycogenolysis and tissue cAMP were uninfluenced by 10(-6) M arginine vasotocin, arginine vasopressin, lysine vasotocin, lysine vasopressin, mesotocin, or oxytocin, but were slightly increased by 10(-5) M isotocin and slightly decreased by 10(-6) M angiotensin II. [125I]-iodocyanopindolol (ICP), a beta-adrenergic ligand, bound to isolated carp liver membranes with a KD of 83 pM. Maximum binding of 45 fmol/mg protein was at 600 pM. Propranolol, isoprenaline, epinephrine, phenylephrine, norepinephrine, and phenoxybenzamine displaced ICP with KDs of 100 nM, 2, 20, 20, 60, and 200 microM, respectively. The alpha-adrenergic antagonists, yohimbine and prazosin, showed no specific binding. These data provide evidence that catecholamines act via beta-adrenergic receptors in carp liver and that alpha-adrenergic receptors are not present. Vasoactive peptides play no significant role in regulation of carp liver glycogenolysis.

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Sze, Kong Hung, Hong Zhou, Yinhua Yang, Mulan He, Yonghua Jiang, and Anderson O. L. Wong. "Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) as a Growth Hormone (GH)-Releasing Factor in Grass Carp: II. Solution Structure of a Brain-Specific PACAP by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Functional Studies on GH Release and Gene Expression." Endocrinology 148, no. 10 (October 1, 2007): 5042–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-0576.

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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) has been proposed to be the ancestral GHRH. Recently, using grass carp as a model for modern-day bony fish, we demonstrated that PACAP nerve fibers are present in close proximity to carp somatotrophs, and mammalian PACAPs can induce GH secretion in carp pituitary cells. To further examine the role of PACAP as a GH-releasing factor in fish, the structural identity of grass carp PACAP was established by molecular cloning. The newly cloned PACAP was found to be a single-copy gene and expressed in the brain but not other tissues. The mature peptides of PACAP, namely PACAP27 and PACAP38, were synthesized. As revealed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, carp PACAP38 is composed of a flexible N terminal from His1 to Ile5, an extended central helix from Phe6 to Val26, and a short helical tail in the C terminal from Arg29 to Arg34. The C-terminal helix is located after a hinge region at Leu27 to Gly28 and is absent in the solution structures of PACAP27. The two forms of PACAPs were effective in elevating GH release and GH transcript expression in grass carp pituitary cells. These stimulatory effects occurred with parallel rises in cAMP and Ca2+ entry via voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels in carp somatotrophs. The present study represents the first report for solution structures of nonmammalian PACAPs and provides evidence that a brain-specific isoform of PACAP in fish can stimulate GH synthesis and release at the pituitary level, presumably by activating the appropriate postreceptor signaling mechanisms.

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Jeremic, Svetlana, Miroslav Cirkovic, Dobrila Jakic-Dimic, and Vladimir Radosavljevic. "Fish diseases in carp fish ponds and implementation of health care measures." Veterinarski glasnik 59, no. 1-2 (2005): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vetgl0502059j.

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Fish health protection is a complex and permanent measure veterinary specialists are taking in order to preserve and improve breeding and production of particular fish species and categories. The system of monitoring fish health should ensure early detection of disorders in fish health and the presence of causing agents. In order for the monitoring to be efficient it should be practiced in accordance with the specific conditions of each system and breeding venues, as well as to the specific health problem needs of different farmed fish species. The most important issue in fish diseases diagnostics is the systematic monitoring of the condition offish health. Only in such way it is possible to detect a disease on time and then determine the adequate therapeutic and other necessary measures. In dealing with the problems offish pathology in carp fishponds, the epizootical situation of disease spreading caused by different agents (viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites) has been examined. The most frequent diseases among the farmed carps in the examined fish ponds in Vojvodina area, described in this paper were: carp pox, spring viremia of carp, carp erythrodermatitis, aeromonas and pseudomonas infections, bacterial gill disease, diseases caused by ecto- and endoparasites and gill necrosis. Based on the obtained results, modern diagnostic methods were implemented and proper prevention and successful therapy of the diseases causing the greatest loss in farmed fish populations was taken.

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Yu, Ermeng, Jun Xie, Guangjun Wang, Deguang Yu, Wangbao Gong, Zhifei Li, Haiying Wang, Yun Xia, and Nan Wei. "Gene Expression Profiling of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and Crisp Grass Carp." International Journal of Genomics 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/639687.

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Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is one of the most important freshwater fish that is native to China, and crisp grass carp is a kind of high value-added fishes which have higher muscle firmness. To investigate biological functions and possible signal transduction pathways that address muscle firmness increase of crisp grass carp, microarray analysis of 14,900 transcripts was performed. Compared with grass carp, 127 genes were upregulated and 114 genes were downregulated in crisp grass carp. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed 30 GOs of differentially expressed genes in crisp grass carp. And strong correlation with muscle firmness increase of crisp grass carp was found for these genes from differentiation of muscle fibers and deposition of ECM, and also glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway and calcium metabolism may contribute to muscle firmness increase. In addition, a number of genes with unknown functions may be related to muscle firmness, and these genes are still further explored. Overall, these results had been demonstrated to play important roles in clarifying the molecular mechanism of muscle firmness increase in crisp grass carp.

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MUSTAEV, S. B., V. P. PANOV, A. V. SAFONOV, S. S. RSAFONOVA, and A. V. ZOLOTOVA. "GROWTH OF SOMATIC STRUCTURES OF TWO-YEAR-OLD CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO L.) WHEN USING TWO TYPES OF FEED." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 6 (2020): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2020-6-49-61.

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The paper provides information about the growth and development of somatic structures of two-year-old carp during the fattening period. In variant I, K-III compound feed was used (low-carb-monodiet), in variant II – Carp-38/12 (high-carb-monodiet), in variant III – KIII and Carp-38/12 (in different auto-feeders). The highest proportion of axial somatic structures was observed in fish of variant III (fish feeding on a selective basis) (P < 0.05). White muscles are also better developed in fish that eat complex feed (variant III). Compound feed Carp 38/12 does not increase the mass of white muscles (P < 0.05). The proportion of red muscles in fish that eat mixed feed with a low fat content (3.5%) is 45.5% lower than in variants II and III. The use of feed with different energy values and their combination in one pond affects the growth and development of the structure that determines the growth of fish species – the axial skeletal muscles. At the same time, the two-year-old fish species that received the most energy-intensive diet were the most well-fed. Two-year-old carp that received feed with different energy content and complex composition grow differently. This is primarily due to the growth of muscles, which is evidenced by allometric coefficients. The highest values of this parameter featuring positive allometry, were observed in two-year-old carp that received two compound feeds from different feeders (white muscles b = 1.106; red muscles b = 1.499; all muscles b = 1.125). The bionic method of feeding fish in combination with feeds of different energy values provides for strengthened growth of one of the most important body structures – the somatic muscle system. It is not only a biological component of the body that ensures the welfare of animals, but also a high-quality food source.

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Buchtová, H., Z. Svobodová, M. Kocour, and J. Velíšek. "Evaluation of the Dressing Percentage of 3-year-old Experimental Scaly Crossbreds of the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) in Relation to Sex." Acta Veterinaria Brno 75, no. 1 (2006): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200675010123.

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The aim of the present study was to compare dressing percentages, with relation to sex, of three bisexual groups of hybrid carp, i.e. Hungarian mirror carp and Northern mirror carp (M2 × M72), the hybrid line of Přerov scaly carp and Northern mirror carp (PS × M72), the hybrid line of P.erov scaly carp and Ropsha scaly carp (PS × ROP), and the pure line of P.erov scaly carp (PS) in harvest size (K3). There were practically no differences in growth variables of male and female carp between the pure line PS carp and M2 × M72 and PS × ROP hybrids. Statistically significant differences in some variables between sexes were found in the scaly hybrid line PS × M72. Females in that group had significantly higher growth rates (TL and SL by 4.08% and 4.52%, respectively; p < 0.05), and their weight variables were also higher (FW, CW and FilletWabs by 11.37%, 13.70% and 14.83%, respectively; p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). The weight of gonads of male carp from all the groups studied was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than that of ovaries of female carp (or, rather, the GSI of male carp was higher).

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Thompson, Boyd Z., Robert J. Wattendorf, Rue S. Hestand, and Jeffrey L. Underwood. "Triploid Grass Carp Production." Progressive Fish-Culturist 49, no. 3 (July 1987): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1987)49<213:tgcp>2.0.co;2.

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Crawford, Mark H. "Transgenic Carp: Pond-Ready?" Science 247, no. 4948 (March 16, 1990): 1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.247.4948.1298.b.

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Yang, Mei-Di Huang, Qi Wang, Ran Zhao, Qing-Song Li, Ming-Shu Cui, Yan Zhang, and Jiong-Tang Li. "Cyprinus carpio (common carp)." Trends in Genetics 38, no. 3 (March 2022): 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2021.11.002.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Carp'

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