Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Carnosinase'
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White, Colleen A. "An investigation into human serum carnosinase." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301471.
Full textRodriguez-Nino, Maria Angelica [Verfasser], and Benito A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Yard. "Implications of the carnosine-carnosinase system in diabetic nephropathy / Maria Angelica Rodriguez-Nino ; Betreuer: Benito A. Yard." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223261727/34.
Full textRodriguez-Nino, Maria Angelica Verfasser], and Benito A. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Yard. "Implications of the carnosine-carnosinase system in diabetic nephropathy / Maria Angelica Rodriguez-Nino ; Betreuer: Benito A. Yard." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-heidok-290999.
Full textMacarini, José Roberto. "Avaliação da toxicidade da carnosina sobre parâmetros de metabolismo energético em músculo esquelético de ratos jovens." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESC, 2013. http://repositorio.unesc.net/handle/1/4361.
Full textCarnosina (β-alanil-L-histidina) é um dipeptídeo composto pelos aminoácidos β-alanina e L-histidina, amplamente distribuído em músculo esquelético de mamíferos. O dipeptídeo é sintetizado por uma ligase, a carnosina sintetase; e é hidrolisado a seus precursores pelas metaloproteases carnosinase sérica e carnosinase citosólica. Níveis séricos elevados de carnosina e dipeptídeos análogos são encontrados em indivíduos com disfunção neurológica e alterações neuromusculares, associadas à deficiência hereditária de carnosinase sérica. No presente trabalho, objetivou-se investigar os efeitos da administração aguda e crônica de carnosina sobre parâmetros do metabolismo energético em músculo esquelético de Wistar machos de 30 dias de vida. Para o experimento agudo, os animais receberam uma dose única do dipeptídeo (100 mg/kg i.p.) e, decorridas 24 horas, foram mortos por decapitação. Já no tratamento crônico, os animais receberam uma dose diária de carnosina (100 mg/kg i.p.) durante 5 dias, e posteriormente foram mortos por decapitação 1 hora após a última injeção intraperitoneal. O músculo esquelético (soleus) foi dissecado e homogeneizado para posterior avaliação da atividade dos complexos I-III, II e II-III da cadeia respiratória e das enzimas sucinato desidrogenase, malato desidrogenase e creatina quinase. Neste estudo, demonstrou-se que, em comparação com o grupo controle, os animais que receberam carnosina agudamente apresentaram uma redução estatisticamente significante da atividade dos complexos I-III e II da cadeia respiratória. Verificou-se também uma tendência de redução, porém não estatisticamente significativa, da atividade do complexo II-III, da malato desidrogenase e da creatina quinase de ratos do grupo carnosina. Por outro lado, em animais administrados cronicamente com o dipeptídeo, observou-se apenas uma tendência de diminuição, embora não estatisticamente significativa, da atividade do complexo I-III do grupo carnosina em comparação com o grupo. Concluindo, a administração aguda de carnosina é capaz de inibir enzimas-chave do metabolismo energético de ratos. É provável que uma disfunção energética secundária ao acúmulo de carnosina possa ajudar a explicar os sintomas neuromusculares observados em pacientes com deficiência de carnosinase sérica, bem como desvendar mecanismos envolvidos na fisiopatologia dessa rara doença.
Weigand, Tim [Verfasser], and Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Hecker. "Molekulare und metabolische Auswirkungen eines Carnosinase 1-Knockouts im Mausmodell / Tim Weigand ; Betreuer: Markus Hecker." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1210489961/34.
Full textPavlin, Matic [Verfasser], Paolo Akademischer Betreuer] Carloni, and Marc [Akademischer Betreuer] [Spehr. "Investigating functional aspects and inhibition of the human carnosinase CN1 enzyme by computational methods / Matic Pavlin ; Paolo Carloni, Marc Spehr." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1130792633/34.
Full textPavlin, Matic Verfasser], Paolo [Akademischer Betreuer] Carloni, and Marc [Akademischer Betreuer] [Spehr. "Investigating functional aspects and inhibition of the human carnosinase CN1 enzyme by computational methods / Matic Pavlin ; Paolo Carloni, Marc Spehr." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1130792633/34.
Full textGILARDONI, ETTORE. "AN INTEGRATED PROTEOMIC AND ANALYTICAL APPROACH FOR ELUCIDATING THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF HISTIDINE DIPEPTIDES AND SYNTHETIC DERIVATES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/797770.
Full textβ-alanil-L-histidine (i.e. carnosine) is an endogenous peptide that have been extensively characterized for a number of in vitro properties (i.e. metal chelating, antioxidant, reactive carbonyl species quenching). Several clinical trials highlighted the potential benefits of carnosine in the treatment of oxidative stress-based diseases, although the in vivo mechanism of action is not known, yet. The research project herein tries to expand upon the in vivo mechanism of action of carnosine. New analytical methods have been developed by means of liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry for the quantification of histidine dipeptides, their derivatives, and the adducts formed with reactive carbonyl species into biospecimens. A first step was the implementation of hydrophilic interaction chromatography to skip some sample preparation steps and to reduce the chance of systematic errors. The method allowed the quantification of carnosine and carnosinol (a carnosine derivative stable to carnosinase) in biospecimens. Carnosinol tissue distribution in animal models of metabolic syndrome was determined and carnosinol-acrolein adduct was detected for the first time in liver matrices. This finding experimentally confirmed the reactive carbonyl species (RCS quenching activity of histidine dipeptides and derivatives in vivo. However, the metabolic instability of carnosinolHNE adduct was proved and such an evidence requires further studies aiming at understanding the metabolic fate of RCS-adducts to characterize their disposal. Subsequently, a new method for the measurement of carnosine hydrolysis in serum was developed as well. Human serum carnosinase has been identified as the enzyme responsible for such an activity. Compared to other published assays, the method employs a direct detection of the substrate and the use of less sample. Competition experiments with either natural derivatives or other molecules were set to identify hit compounds acting as carnosinase inhibitors. The collected data were shared with computational chemists who identified putative hit compounds via docking, virtual screening, and molecular dynamic approaches. Furthermore, a novel carnosine mechanism of action was studied starting from the evidence that carnosine can prevent the formation of protein adducts with 3,4- dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde (DOPEGAL) (i.e. an aldehyde intermediate of norepinephrine metabolism). This could be relevant for the in vivo mode of action of carnosine since DOPEGAL can accumulate in cells because of oxidative stress and as it covalently binds proteins, it can alter their structures and functions. Carnosine quenching activity via the formation of an Amadori product with DOPEGAL was determined in vitro and in cell lysates producing DOPEGAL from enzymatic transformation of norepinephrine. Future studies should be done to characterize the metabolic stability of the adduct and its formation in biospecimens as potential biomarker of norepinephrine toxicity. Finally, the project included proteomics studies on human umbilical vein cells (HUVECs) to assess the impact of carnosine and carnosinol on protein expression. It is widely recognized that drugs exert their pharmacological effects also by an alteration of biological pathways by modifying protein expression. Carnosine and carnosinol have little or no impact on protein expression as detectable on proteome or secretome of healthy endothelial cells. In the future the impact on pathological cells should be carried out as well. These data support the hypothesis of a low toxicity for these molecules, making them suitable candidates for a chronic administration. Although a lot of questions are still unanswered, these data have given new insights in the mechanism of action of carnosine and in the discovery of molecules acting either as carnosine-like compounds or as carnosinase inhibitors.
Painelli, Vitor de Salles. "Efeitos de 12 semanas de treinamento intermitente de alta intensidade sobre as concentrações intramusculares de carnosina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39132/tde-30112017-111317/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Carnosine is a dipeptide with buffering capacity present within the skeletal muscle, which can be obtained by meat ingestion. Cross-sectional studies report that athletes engaged in high-intensity exercises have a greater muscle carnosine (MCarn) content compared to their untrained counterparts, suggesting that exercise training can modulate MCarn, despite of the absence of longitudinal studies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) on CarnM and its associated genes. METHODS: Twenty healthy and vegetarian men (eliminating dietary influences) were matched by maximal oxygen uptake (VO2máx), and randomly assigned to a Control (C, N = 10) or Trained (T, N = 10) group. The T group performed HIIT on cycle ergometer 3 days per week for 12 weeks, with progressive volume (6-12 series) and intensity (140-170% lactate threshold [LT]). The C group kept their usual routine. Prior to the intervention, muscle biopsies were performed for MCarn determination, expression MCarn-related genes and the muscle buffering capacity in vitro (βΜinvitro). Wingate and VO2máx tests were performed to evaluate total work done (TWD), VO2máx, ventilatory thresholds (VT) and LT. The Mixed Model was conducted for data analysis. RESULTS: An interaction effect was observed for MCarn (F = 4.72, P = 0.04), with significant increases for the T group (Pre: 15.8 ± 5.7 and Post: 20.6 ± 5.0 mmoL.kg-1 dry muscle; +36%; P = 0.01), but not in C (Pre: 14.3 ± 5.3 and Post: 15.0 ± 4.9 mmoL.kg-1 dry muscle; +6.3%, P = 0.99). There was no change in the gene expression of the enzymes and transporters evaluated in the T or C groups. There was an improvement in TWD, VT, LT, VO2máx and βΜinvitro in the T group (all P<0.05), but no changes in C (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that HIIT can increase MCarn without altering its genes. This increase, associated with βΜinvitro, may help to explain the potent effect of this type of training on physical and cardiorespiratory fitness
Painelli, Vitor de Salles. "Influência do estado de treinamento sobre o desempenho físico em resposta à suplementação de beta-alanina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39132/tde-07072014-155832/.
Full textRecent studies have demonstrated that beta-alanine (BA) supplementation can improve performance. The proposed mechanisms for this result involve an increased muscle carnosine content, a dipeptide whose function is attributed to the maintenance of acid-base balance. Even though the body of evidence surrounding the ergogenic effects of BA supplementation is increasing, most of the evidences come from studies conducted with physically active or untrained individuals, while studies with trained participants are scarce, and their results, controversial. It has been speculated that the difference in muscle buffering capacity between trained and untrained individuals is a possible factor masking the ergogenic effect of BA supplementation in trained individuals, who have already been demonstrated to have greater buffering capacity and muscle carnosine content. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of training status on intermittent lower-body performance in response to BA supplementation. For this purpose, forty young males were divided into two groups according to their training status (trained - T, and untrained - NT cyclists). Participants were further randomly allocated to BA or placebo (dextrose - PL) groups, providing four experimental conditions: NTPL, NTBA, TPL, TBA. BA or PL was ingested by 6.4 g·d-1, during for 4 weeks. Before and after the supplementation period, participants completed four 30-seconds lower-body Wingate bouts, separated by 3 minutes. Total work done was significantly increased following supplementation in both NTBA (+1349 ± 1411 kJ; P = 0.03) and TBA (+1978 ± 1508 kJ; P = 0.002), and it was significantly reduced in NTPL (-1385 ± 2815 kJ; P = 0.03) with no difference for TPL (-219 ± 1507 kJ; P = 0.73). Compared to pre-supplementation, post-supplementation mean power output was significantly higher in bout 4 for NTBA (P = 0.0004), and higher in bouts 1, 2 and 4 (P <= 0.05) for TBA. No differences were observed in mean power output for NTPL and TPL from pre- to post-supplementation period. In conclusion, four weeks of BA supplementation was effective at improving intermittent lower-body performance in both untrained and trained individuals. These data highlight the efficacy of BA as an ergogenic aid for high-intensity exercise regardless of the training status of the individual
Rocha, Carolina Camargo. "Identificação e quantificação da carnosina no plasma seminal, características seminais e congelabilidade do sêmen de garanhões." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10131/tde-17052017-145008/.
Full textEquine breeding has been actively developing in Brazil, leading to increased interest in reproductive biotechnology. However, there is a limitation due to a tolerance of some stallions to cryopreservation, especially when compared to other species. In this context, oxidative stress represents an obstacle due to its deleterious effects on equine sperm. To counterattack such effect, seminal plasma has antioxidants that play an important role in protecting the sperm. However, during the cryopreservation process, the seminal plasma is withdrawn. In a previous study we verified that, in the absence of seminal plasma, equine spermatozoa are more susceptible to oxidative stress, mainly caused by malondialdehyde (MDA), a product of lipid oxidation. One of the reasons for this result would be the removal of carnosine present in the seminal plasma, one of the main antioxidants responsible for protection against the MDA accumulation and its deleterious effects. The objective of the present study was to identify and quantify carnosine in the seminal plasma of stallions and to compare the seminal characteristics in different groups of sperm samples with high and low tolerance to the cryopreservation or cooling, based on analysis of total motility after these processes. Two ejaculates of forty stallions (N= 80; ages between 4 and 16 years old) were collected. Each ejaculate was divided into two aliquots, one submitted to a 24h cooling and the other submitted to cryopreservation. The variables analyzed were: Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA system), functional evaluation (eosin-nigrosin stain for membranes, fast-green/rose bengal for acrosomes, 3-3\'diaminobenzidine staining for mitochondrial activity and SCSA™ for susceptibility to chromatin denaturation) and lipid peroxidation index (TBARS assay) of sperm and seminal plasma. Furthermore, plasma and acrossomal membranes integrities and mitochondrial membrane potential were also analyzed using the fluorescence probes PI, Hoescht 33342, FITC-PSA, JC-1 and ROS detection by CellRox fluorescent probes. Carnosine from the seminal plasma was measured using commercial Biomatik® ELISA kit. Thus, samples with high and low tolerance were compared (p≤0.05). We found a higher concentration of carnosine in good cooler compared to those showing low motility. This may have occurred in response to the higher concentration of TBARS in the seminal plasma of these animals, possibly due to a physiological effect of oxidation reactions. In addition, good coolers presented significantly higher percentages of cells with high mitochondrial activity, intact acrosome and intact membrane suggesting a beneficial effect of carnosine. Regarding the effect cryopreservation, no difference was observed between those with high and low post-thaw motility. This result was expected since, during the cryopreservation process of equine semen, the seminal plasma is removed. In fact, the higher percentage of cells with mitochondrial lesions, damaged membrane and fragmented DNA in bad freezers and the correlations between lesions and oxidative stress may indicate a mitochondrial mechanism of oxidative stress generation and consequent lesion of cellular structures. In conclusion, carnosine had a protective effect during sperm cooling, protecting against damages being probably one of the factors that improves sperm quality after 24 hours of refrigeration.
Mangoni, Ana Paula. "Materiais híbridos baseados em argilas catiônicas e espécies com potencial terapêutico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46136/tde-30042014-141506/.
Full textClay minerals are used as excipients or active ingredients in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields. These inorganic compounds are chemically inert, have defined structures and high thermal stability, which make them useful for these areas. Currently the pharmaceutical industry seeks modifications in the drug delivery systems (improvements in the time, place and rate of release), aiming an increase in the stability of the drugs and also the prevention and reduction of side effects. In this way, it is a need to develop new pharmaceutical formulations, new preparation methods and new materials. Considering the fact that clay minerals incorporate various species between their layers, it is interesting to explore the possibility of using these inorganic matrices as carriers of bioactive species. The main aim of this work was to prepare and characterize clays of pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic usage intercalated with species of therapeutic potential. Two natural smectite clays of montmorillonite type (Sodium Cloisite and Veegum HS) and one synthetic smectite of hectorite type (Laponita RD) were employed. The amino acids L-lysine, L-arginine and L-ornithine, and the L-carnosine dipeptide were immobilized on cationic clays by ion exchange reaction. Some experimental parameters were evaluated in the preparation of hybrid materials: hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of reaction suspension, clay/amino acid proportion and reaction time. Pristine clays and hybrid materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared and Raman vibrational spectroscopies, thermogravimetric analyses coupled to mass spectrometry and chemical analysis of carbon. The materials values of interlayer distance (d(001)) suggest that the carbon chain of the organic species is oriented parallel to the layers of clay minerals. The infrared vibrational spectra are dominated by the inorganic structure bands; however the bands between 1800 and 1400 cm-1 related to the functional groups of the amino acid allow to infer about the protonation degree in the hybrid material. The Brönsted acidity generated by the polarization of water molecules associated with the clay was observed for montmorillonite samples used in this study. Materials prepared in suspensions in which the pH value was greater than the value of the first acid constant (pKa1) show bands assigned to the C=O stretching of protonated carboxylate group. Raman spectra were obtained only for the synthetic clay, since the natural ones luminesce. Raman spectrum of L-carnosine immobilized on Laponita indicates the presence of mostly zwitterionic species; the displacement of bands assigned to amide and carboxylic groups of the dipeptide to the lower energy region suggests the formation of hydrogen bonds with the Laponita silanol groups. The results of thermogravimetric analyses coupled to mass spectrometry of hybrid materials are different from those observed for the free amino acids. The onset temperature of the organic species decomposition is practically unmodified after the immobilization on clays, but thermal processes are postponed up to higher temperature, revealing the inorganic structure influence on the amino acids thermal decomposition. Data on the carbon and water amounts in the samples were used to calculate the concentration of amino acids in the hybrid materials (mass of amino acid / 100 grams of material). The highest concentrations of amino acid (between six and eight percent) was observed for Cloisite and Veegum HS samples, isolated under conditions in which the electrostatic interaction between the layers and the positively charged amino acids are predominant. Under the experimental conditions employed in this study no saturation of clay with amino acids was observed, i.e. the layer charges were not completely neutralized by the organic ions.
Milioni, Fabio. "Influência da suplementação de β-alanina associada ao treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade no desempenho de sprints repetidos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/157220.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O objetivo da presente tese foi verificar a influência da suplementação de β-Alanina associado ao treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) na performance de sprints repetidos. Participaram do estudo conduzido em caráter randomizado e duplo-cego, 20 jovens saudáveis alocados em dois grupos (Gβ [n = 10] – 6,4 g.dia-1 de β-Alanina; GP [n = 10] – 6,4 g.dia-1 de dextrose - placebo). Os participantes foram avaliados em três momentos distintos, previamente ao início, após quatro semanas de HIIT sem suplementação e após 6 semanas de suplementação + HIIT. As avaliações foram compostas por teste incremental até exaustão (TINC); séries de 12 sprints repetidos (RSA); e teste de tempo limite até exaustão a 115% da velocidade máxima atingida no TINC (TLIM). Previamente e imediatamente após TINC e RSA foram realizadas avaliações neuromusculares compostas por saltos verticais máximos, contrações isométricas máximas de extensão de joelho e estimulação elétrica periférica. O HIIT foi composto de dez corridas de 1 min a 90% da velocidade máxima atingida no TINC, com 1 min de recuperação passiva entre as corridas e frequência de 3 sessões semanais. Previamente ao início da suplementação + HIIT e ao final da intervenção, os participantes foram submetidos a biópsias musculares para determinação do conteúdo de carnosina intramuscular, capacidade de tamponamento in vitro e conteúdo de proteínas/enzimas chaves. Após a intervenção, ambos os grupos melhoraram o metabolismo oxidativo (i.e., consumo máximo de oxigênio), entretanto, somente o Gβ melhorou significativamente o conteúdo de carnosina intramuscular e as variáveis do RSA além de apresentar atenuação da fadiga neuromuscular induzida pelo RSA. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas na capacidade anaeróbia, capacidade de tamponamento in vitro e conteúdo de proteínas/enzimas chaves. Dessa forma, a associação entre suplementação de β-Alanina e HIIT proporcionou melhora significativa do desempenho de sprints repetidos.
The aim of the present thesis was to verify the influence of β-Alanine supplementation associated with high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the performance of repeated sprints. The study was conducted in a randomized, double-blind design and 20 healthy young men were allocated in two groups (Gβ [n = 10] - 6.4 g.day-1 of β-Alanine; GP [n = 10] - 6.4 g.day-1 of dextrose – placebo). The participants were evaluated at three different moments, prior to beginning, after four weeks of HIIT without supplementation and after 6 weeks of supplementation + HIIT. The evaluations were composed by incremental test until exhaustion (TINC); set of 12 repeated sprints (RSA); and time-to-exhaustion test at 115% of the maximum velocity achieved in TINC (TLIM). Previously and immediately after TINC and RSA, neuromuscular evaluations were performed, consisting of maximum vertical jumps, maximal voluntary isometric contractions of knee extension and peripheral electrical stimulation. The HIIT was composed by ten runs of 1-min at 90% of the maximum velocity achieved in TINC, with 1-min of passive recovery between runs and frequency of 3 sessions per week. Prior to the initiation of supplementation + HIIT and at the end of the intervention, the participants underwent muscle biopsies to determine intramuscular carnosine content, muscle buffer capacity in vitro and key protein/enzyme content. After the intervention, both groups improved oxidative metabolism (i.e., maximal oxygen uptake), however, only Gβ significantly improved the intramuscular carnosine content and the RSA variables; in addition to presenting attenuation of the neuromuscular fatigue induced by the RSA. No significant differences were observed in anaerobic capacity, muscle buffer capacity in vitro and key protein/enzyme content. Thus, the association between β-Alanine supplementation and HIIT provided significant improvement in repeated sprints performance.
2016/02683-6
Brisola, Gabriel Motta Pinheiro [UNESP]. "Efeitos da suplementação de β-alanina sobre a potência anaeróbia, habilidade de esforços repetidos e desempenho no polo aquático." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144686.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O objetivo geral do presente trabalho foi verificar o potencial ergogênico da suplementação por 4 semanas de β-alanina sobre a potência anaeróbia, habilidade de esforços repetidos e desempenho no polo aquático. 22 jogadores de elite do sexo masculino (média±dp: idade = 18±4 anos, peso = 78,5±9,5 kg e altura = 1,79±0,06 m) participaram do estudo, que foi conduzido de modo randomizado, duplo cego e placebo controlado. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos (β-alanina e placebo) de 11 atletas cada e foram submetidos a testes específicos (teste de habilidade de esforços repetidos (RSA) e teste máximo de 30s de salto sob o gol (30CJ)) e semi-específicos (teste de 30s máximo em nado atado (30ATADO), teste máximo de 3 minutos (All Out 3min), teste incremental máximo (GXTATADO) e performance de 200m em nado crawl (P200m)) para a modalidade e um jogo simulado para possibilitar o rastreamento das atividades realizadas por meio de filmagem. As avaliações ocorreram pré e após o período de suplementação (4 semanas). Não foram encontrados efeitos significativos de interação entre os grupos para nenhuma variável do presente estudo. No entanto, alguns ligeiros indícios de melhora com a suplementação de β-alanina foram encontrados como: (1) melhora significativa entre os momentos (pré × pós) no número total de sprints durante o jogo simulado de polo aquático; (2) efeito provavelmente benéfico (análise de inferência baseada na magnitude) para o tempo médio, pior tempo e tempo total na primeira série do teste de RSA (RSA1); (3) melhora significativa entre os momentos na força média e integral de força durante o teste 30ATADO e na P200m; (4) melhora significativa entre os momentos na força pico no teste GXTATADO. Portanto, conclui-se que a suplementação por 4 semanas de β-alanina pode promover apenas melhorar ligeiramente alguns parâmetros relacionados a habilidade de nado no polo aquático como número total de sprints em jogo simulado, tempo médio, pior tempo e tempo total no teste de RSA, força média e integral de força no 30ATADO, P200m e força crítica no GXTATADO.
The overall aim of this study was to investigate the ergogenic effect of 4 weeks β-alanine supplementation on the anaerobic power, ability to performed repeated efforts and performance of water polo. 22 male elite players (mean±SD age = 18±4 years, weight = 78.5±9.5 kg and height = 1.79±0.06 m) participated in the study, which was conducted in order randomized, double blind and placebo controlled. Participants were divided into two groups (β-alanine and placebo) of 11 athletes each and were subjected to specific tests (repeated sprint ability test (RSA) and maximum 30s jump under the goal test (30CJ)) and semi-specific (30s maximal test in tethered swimming (30TS), maximal 3 min effort (AllOut-3min), tethered swimming graded exercise test (GXTTS) and 200m in front crawl (P200m)) for the modality and a simulated game to enable tracking of the activities carried out by video record. Assessments occurred before and after the supplementation period (4 weeks). There were no significant interaction effects between the groups for any variable of this study. However, some slight improvement indications with β-alanine supplementation were found to: (1) significant improvement between moments (pre × post) the total number of sprints during the simulated game water polo; (2) probably beneficial effect (magnitude-based inference analysis) for the mean time, worst time and total time in the first series of the RSA test (RSA1); (3) significant improvement between moments for mean force and integral of force during the 30TS and P200m; (4) significant improvement between moments for peak power at GXTTS. Therefore, it is concluded that supplementation for 4 weeks of β-alanine can promote only slightly improve some parameters related to swimming ability in water polo as total number of sprints in simulated game, mean time, worst time and total time on test RSA, mean and integral of force in 30TS, P200m and critical force in GXTTS.
FAPESP: 2014/02186-7
Kawai, Giulia Kiyomi Vechiato. "Efeito da carnosina na prevenção de crioinjúrias no sêmen de garanhões bons e maus congeladores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10131/tde-04052017-104658/.
Full textReactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in the sperm physiology. However, an imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant capacity characterize the oxidative stress (OE). The spermatozoa are extremely susceptible to EO because, among other characteristics, the plasma membrane is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids responsible for promoting fluidity necessary in physiological processes such as motility and fertilization. However, these unsaturations are more easily oxidized and vulnerable to lipid peroxidation. Due to this susceptibility, these cells strongly depend on compounds present in the seminal plasma (SP) to protect against this event. Thus, carnosine, a dipeptide present in SP of stallions, may be a key factor on the protection against MDA accumulation. Nevertheless, during the equine sperm cryopreservation process, SP is removed. In a recent study, we observed that seminal plasma removal led to an increased susceptibility of equine spermatozoa to extremely deleterious product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA). As the carnosine is removed together with the seminal plasma during cryopreservation, two sequential experiments were developed aiming to improve the quality of stallion cryopreserved semen by means of carnosine therapy. Samples from seven stallions were treated with increasing concentrations of carnosine added to the extender (1mM, 50mM and 100mM) and submitted to cryopreservation. After thawing, samples were classified as high freezeability (HF: total motility greater than 30%) and low freezeability (LF: total motility lower than 30%). Samples treated with 50mM presented lower percentage of sperm showing plasma membrane damage and, when treated with 100mM, a greater amplitude of the lateral head displacement was observed. Untreated LF samples showed a lower percentage of cells showing intact DNA in relation to HF samples. By contrast, when LF samples were treated with 100mM, there was an increase in the percentage of cells with intact DNA, which was similar to the HF samples. On the other hand, LF samples cryopreserved with 50mM had a higher percentage of cells showing high calculated mitochondrial membrane potential score and increased susceptibility to OE in relation to the control. Despite the partial protection, the increased susceptibility to lipid peroxidation is a concern since equine spermatozoa is highly vulnerable to the MDA. Those results could be due to the affinity of carnosine to react with sugars, which could negatively influence mitochondrial activity and an oxidative state by decreasing pyruvate production. Hence, in experiment 2, LF samples were treated with a combination of carnosine (0 and 50mM) and pyruvate (0 and 5mM) in a 2x2 factorial arrangement. We observed that samples treated with pyruvate (5mM) had decreased percentage of cells with low mitochondrial activity. On the other hand, carnosine (50mM) increased total motility, progressive motility and fast cells. We also observed a tendency to increased progressive velocity and mitochondrial activity in the combination of treatments. There was no difference on sperm susceptibility to OE between treatments. However, this variable correlated negatively with the percentage of motile and rapid cells as well as those showing intact membrane and acrosome. These results indicate that the byproduct of lipid peroxidation (MDA) may cause damage to DNA, mitochondria and sperm kinetics. In this context, carnosine (100mM) appears to have a mild protective effect on DNA against the accumulation of MDA. Furthermore, 50mM of carnosine seems to improve progressive velocity and mitochondrial activity when associated with pyruvate (5mM). Thus, carnosine and pyruvate can be used on cryoinjuries prevention in low freezeability samples.
Tallon, Mark J. "Carnosine metabolism in human skeletal muscle." Thesis, University of Chichester, 2005. http://eprints.chi.ac.uk/843/.
Full textNg, W. L. "Carnosine and related peptides in mammalian tissues." Thesis, Swansea University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638320.
Full textBispo, Vanderson da Silva. "Investigação dos mecanismos biológicos de detoxificação de aldeídos α,β- insaturados em ratos SODG93A modelo para ALS." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-07122015-105825/.
Full textLipid peroxidation generates reactive carbonyl species, including 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), acrolein (ACR), 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE) and malondialdehyde (MDA). One major pathway of aldehyde detoxification in vivo is through conjugation with glutathione catalyzed by glutathione-S-transferases or, alternatively, by conjugation with endogenous histidine containing dipeptides, such as carnosine (CAR). The reaction of CAR with ACR was investigated in an effort to assess its possible biological role. One stable adduct was isolated by reverse-phase HPLC and characterized on the basis of extensive spectroscopic measurements. The proposed reaction route for product formation involves the reaction of the CAR amino group with ACR via a Schiff base formation followed by dehydration and cyclization through Michael addition in the imidazole ring forming an instable compound with m/z = 265. The subsequent reaction with another molecule of ACR followed by cyclization gives rise to the final product with m/z = 303.A highly sensitive method involving HPLC-MS analysis was developed for the simultaneous accurate quantification of CAR- ACR, CAR-HHE and CAR-HNE adducts in human urinary samples from non-smoking adults. This methodology permits quantification of 10 pmol CAR-HHE and 1 pmol of CAR-ACR and CAR-HNE. Adduct levels in urine were 3.6 ± 1.4, 2.3 ± 1.5, 1.3 ± 0.5 nmol/mg of creatinine, respectively to CAR-ACR, CAR-HHE and CAR-HNE. In SODG93A transgenic rats model to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the food supplementation of the animals with 35 ± 5 mg carnosine/animal/week improve de body weight and the life span of the ALS treated group. Analysis of the synthesized adducts in muscle sample showed suggest than aldehyde metabolization is compromised in this animals and that may be carnosine work like a scavenger for these compounds. Our results indicate that carnosine adduction can be an important detoxification route of α,β -unsaturated aldehydes. Moreover, carnosine adducts quantification may be useful as redox stress indicator in vivo.
Dunnett, Mark. "Carnosine metabolism and function in the thoroughbred horse." Thesis, n.p, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/.
Full textLee, Beom Jun. "Antioxidant Activity of Carnosine and Phytate: Application as Meat Preservatives." DigitalCommons@USU, 1998. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5452.
Full textSilva, Vinícius da Eira. "Avaliação da espectroscopia de ressonância magnética para quantificação de carnosina muscular em humanos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5164/tde-27102017-090103/.
Full textIntroduction: Carnosine (beta-Alanyl-L-Histidine) is a dipeptide found in high-concentrations in human tissue, such as heart, brain and muscle tissue. Although the body of evidence relating beneficial effects of carnosine is increasing, most of these studies have an important limitation: the lack of intramuscular carnosine measurement. The main reason for the absence of this measurement is the method of analysis; a muscle sample must be obtained via a muscle biopsy. In this regard, a new method non-invasive based on hydrogen magnetic resonance (1H NMR) has been used as an alternative. Objectives: The present study aims to determine the reproducibility, accuracy, and sensitivity of H-MRS in the determination of muscle carnosine content in humans; comparative data analysis will be performed against the \"standard\" reference of HPLC carnosine quantification in muscle extracts obtained by muscle biopsy. Methods: The study was divided into two sub-investigations. The first of which was an in vitro investigation that tested the linearity of the carnosine signal at 1 H NMR. For the second investigation, sixteen physically active men (18-35 years) without chronic-degenerative disease or any dysfunction in the locomotor apparatus volunteered. The participants were submitted to 2 sessions in total; Upon arrival to the initial session, anthropometric and body composition characteristics were collected before each individual underwent a muscle carnosine measurement of the gastrocnemius via H-MRS analysis (a test-retest was performed with a sub-sample to verify the reproducibility of the method) followed by a gastrocnemius muscle biopsy. Thereafter volunteers were submitted to a 4-week supplementation period of 6.4 g. of beta-alanine per day, a stimulus proven to increase muscle carnosine, during this period, volunteers had their carnosine dietary ingestion evaluated as well. Following the supplementation period, individuals were subjected to another body composition evaluation, 1H RMN and muscle biopsy. Results: In vitro: The linearity of 1 H NMR signal for carnosine concentrations tested showed R2 values of 0.9771. In vivo: 1 H NMR test-retest showed a mean coefficient of variation of 9.9 ± 10.34% and ICC= 0.775 (95% C.I.: 0.324-0.939).Comparing the methods: Carnosine concentrations (in mmol / kg dry muscle) were not significant difference either the in pre (1 H NMR -20.8 ± 6.2, HPLC -23.3 ± 10, 5, p = 0.45, 95% CI = -4.5 -9.6) and post-supplementation (1 H NMR - 35.2 ± 13.2, HPLC-27.8 ± 11.7, p = 0.15, 95% CI = -3.5-17.8) . The delta values of muscle carnosine concentration (in %) were not statistically different (1 H NMR - 69.7 ± 66.7; HPLC -38.2 ± 58.2 p = 0.16; 95 % CI = -14.5 -77.5; ES = 0.90). Comparing the individual data, there was a low correlation between the methods (R2 = 0.0448, r = 0.212, p = 0.229). Conclusion: 1H NMR showed low reproducibility and accuracy when compared to the gold standard (HPLC), not being possible its use for carnosine quantification
Matthews, James C. "Absorption of carnosine and methionylglycine by sheep ruminal and omasal epithelia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41689.
Full textMaster of Science
Lardé, Eva. "Peptides et Cancers : contribution à l'étude de la carnosine, l'asporine et la thrombospondine." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses-intra.upmc.fr/modules/resources/download/theses/2019SORUS520.pdf.
Full textThe development of many diseases such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, is correlated with the metabolic production of Reactive Carbonyl Species (RCS) and a deficient immune system, leading to the set-up of Warburg effect and the survival of cancer cells in extremes conditions. In this context, a partnership between the laboratoire des biomolecules in Paris and the laboratoire de recherche sur les metastases in Liège was set to design peptide tools targeting these hallmarks. First, we develop carnosine’s analogs, an endogenous dipeptide, in order to stabilize this molecule and to quench RCS that damage our organisms’ macromolecules. Then, we studied the asporin’s conformation, a proteoglycan from the extracellular matrix, in order to develop peptides that will suppress the cellular proliferation of triple negative breast cancer by linking the growth factor TGF-β1. Finally, we studied agonist peptides targeting the CD47 receptor, mimicking the CD47 binding epitope of thrombospondine-1. These peptides trigger selective regulated cell death while sparing normal cells. These strategies might permit to inhibit cellular proliferation and to reduce cancer relapse when combined to other chemotherapies
March, Daniel Scott. "Effects of bovine colostrum and zinc carnosine on markers of exercise induced intestinal damage." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/3be67ce6-7e58-4307-a5c9-d2881248551c.
Full textMaravai, Soliany Grassi. "Efeitos da administração intracerebroventricular de carnosina sobre parâmetros de estresse oxidativo em cérebro de ratos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESC, 2014. http://repositorio.unesc.net/handle/1/3490.
Full textA carnosina (β-alanina-L-histidina) é um dipeptídeo encontrado em abundância na musculatura esquelética, no músculo cardíaco e no sistema nervoso central. É um composto utilizado como terapia adjuvante para o tratamento de doenças neurodegenerativas associadas ou não ao envelhecimento, devido ao seu conhecido efeito protetor contra oxidantes gerados na fisiopatologia dessas doenças. Entretanto, até o momento, nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito da administração isolada de carnosina sobre parâmetros de estresse oxidativo em cérebro de ratos. Com o intuito de elucidar os efeitos antioxidantes da carnosina, este estudo investigou os efeitos da administração aguda intracerebroventricular (ICV) de carnosina sobre parâmetros de estresse oxidativo em córtex cerebral, cerebelo, hipocampo e estriado de ratos machos com 60 dias de vida. Para tanto, os animais foram submetidos a uma cirurgia estereotáxica com implantação de cânula no ventrículo lateral direito. Três dias após a cirurgia, os animais receberam uma administração única ICV de carnosina (6,4 μmol) através da cânula guia. Os animais do grupo controle receberam 6,4 μmol de NaCl em solução aquosa. Uma hora após a administração, os animais foram eutanasiados por decapitação com guilhotina e as estruturas cerebrais a serem estudadas foram limpas e dissecadas para posteriores análises bioquímicas. Para avaliação da oxidação lipídica e proteica, foram determinados os níveis de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBA-RS) e o conteúdo de sulfidrilas, respectivamente. Também foram avaliadas as atividades das enzimas antioxidantes catalase (CAT) e superóxido dismutase (SOD) nas mesmas estruturas cerebrais. Observou-se que os níveis de TBA-RS não foram alterados em nenhuma das estruturas cerebrais avaliadas nos animais que receberam carnosina em comparação ao grupo controle. Por outro lado, o conteúdo de grupos sulfidrila encontrou-se aumentado em cerebelo e hipocampo de ratos submetidos à administração de carnosina, sugerindo uma maior proteção conferida aos compostos tiólicos presentes nas células. Em relação às defesas antioxidantes, pôde-se observar um aumento da atividade da CAT em córtex cerebral dos animais que receberam administração ICV de carnosina. Tais resultados corroboram estudos anteriores que demonstram efeitos antioxidantes para a carnosina. Entretanto, a administração ICV deste dipeptídeo ocasionou uma inibição da atividade da SOD em estriado, o que pode ser um efeito tóxico da carnosina. Tomados em conjunto, os resultados do presente estudo demonstram efeitos ambíguos da carnosina sobre parâmetros de estresse oxidativo. Este trabalho corrobora o efeito antioxidante descrito, mas apresenta uma evidência de um possível efeito tóxico exercido pela carnosina. Estudos complementares são necessários para avaliar a segurança do uso terapêutico desta molécula.
Tanaka, Rosana Aramaki. "Avaliação do efeito radioprotetor da carnosina (Beta- alanil 1- histidina) na reparação tecidual em ratos." [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288936.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Mestrado
Baan, Mieke. "Protective effects of Zinc-L-Carnosine/ Vitamin E on aspirin-induced gastroduodenal injury in dogs." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1242760910.
Full textArnould, Jean-Marie. "De la carcirine des crabes à la carnosine des vertébrés : De nouvelles voies métaboliques de l'histamine." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10126.
Full textArnould, Jean-Marie. "De la carcinine des Crabes à la carnosine des Vertébrés de nouvelles voies métaboliques de l'histamine /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376023778.
Full textOppermann, Henry. "Untersuchungen zur Regulation des Glucosestoffwechsels in Glioblastomen und dessen Beeinflussung durch Carnosin." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-165673.
Full textStraniero, V. "DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES AND PEPTIDOMIMETICS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/217536.
Full textBortolatto, Guilherme Pedrini [UNESP]. "Efeito da carnosina e da β-alanina no dano produzido pelo exercício intenso no músculo sóleo de ratos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144064.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Intense physical exercise affects the balance between oxidative damage and antioxidant defense in the muscle. Carnosine is a dipeptide composed of the cytoplasmic β-alanine and histidine amino acids. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of carnosine and its β-alanine precursor of oxidative damage caused by intense physical exercise in the soleus muscle of rats. Male Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 240 g were divided into 4 groups: control (sedentary), exercise, exercise + β-alanine and carnosine + exercise. The animal groups submitted to the exercise ran on a treadmill for 60 min to 25 m / min. Factors related to muscle damage and oxidative stress were assessed in blood serum and homogenate of the soleus muscle. The exercise promoted muscle damage, as observed by increased serum activity of enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase, and also induced oxidative stress could be seen by the increased activity of the enzymes glutathione peroxidase and reductase, decreased reduced glutathione concentration and lipid peroxidation in soleus muscle. Only carnosine kept the parameters close to those of the control group. The results indicate that pretreatment with the soleus muscle carnosine protected mice against oxidative damage and consequent damage caused by intense exercise
Bortolatto, Guilherme Pedrini. "Efeito da carnosina e da β-alanina no dano produzido pelo exercício intenso no músculo sóleo de ratos /." Araçatuba, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144064.
Full textAbstract:Intense physical exercise affects the balance between oxidative damage and antioxidant defense in the muscle. Carnosine is a dipeptide composed of the cytoplasmic β-alanine and histidine amino acids. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of carnosine and its β-alanine precursor of oxidative damage caused by intense physical exercise in the soleus muscle of rats. Male Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 240 g were divided into 4 groups: control (sedentary), exercise, exercise + β-alanine and carnosine + exercise. The animal groups submitted to the exercise ran on a treadmill for 60 min to 25 m / min. Factors related to muscle damage and oxidative stress were assessed in blood serum and homogenate of the soleus muscle. The exercise promoted muscle damage, as observed by increased serum activity of enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase, and also induced oxidative stress could be seen by the increased activity of the enzymes glutathione peroxidase and reductase, decreased reduced glutathione concentration and lipid peroxidation in soleus muscle. Only carnosine kept the parameters close to those of the control group. The results indicate that pretreatment with the soleus muscle carnosine protected mice against oxidative damage and consequent damage caused by intense exercise
Orientador:Mario Jefferson Quirino Lousada
coorientador:Fábio Erminio Mingatto
Banca:Andréa Fontes Garcia
Banca:Elisa Helena Giglio Ponsano
Mestre
Asperger, Ansgar Karl Adam. "Biochemische Untersuchungen zur Wirkung von Carnosin auf das Wachstum humaner Glioblastomzellen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-65568.
Full textLetzien, Ulrike. "Effects of Carnosine and L-histidine on Viability and Expression of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 in Human Glioblastoma Cells." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-197285.
Full textBermúdez, Mei-Ling. "Carnosine as a Mechanism-based Intervention in the Thy1-aSyn Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease: Neurobehavioral, Biochemical, and Bioinformatic Analyses." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1543839362404126.
Full textBrown, Josephine M. B. S. "Intranasal carnosine protects against alpha-synuclein accumulation in the substantia nigra and motor dysfunction in the Thy1-aSyn mouse model of Parkinson’s disease." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1573571387865684.
Full textBrisola, Gabriel Motta Pinheiro. "Efeitos da suplementação de β-alanina sobre a potência anaeróbia, habilidade de esforços repetidos e desempenho no polo aquático /." Rio Claro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144686.
Full textBanca: Marcelo Papoti
Banca: Guilherme Giannini Artioli
Resumo: O objetivo geral do presente trabalho foi verificar o potencial ergogênico da suplementação por 4 semanas de β-alanina sobre a potência anaeróbia, habilidade de esforços repetidos e desempenho no polo aquático. 22 jogadores de elite do sexo masculino (média±dp: idade = 18±4 anos, peso = 78,5±9,5 kg e altura = 1,79±0,06 m) participaram do estudo, que foi conduzido de modo randomizado, duplo cego e placebo controlado. Os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos (β-alanina e placebo) de 11 atletas cada e foram submetidos a testes específicos (teste de habilidade de esforços repetidos (RSA) e teste máximo de 30s de salto sob o gol (30CJ)) e semi-específicos (teste de 30s máximo em nado atado (30ATADO), teste máximo de 3 minutos (All Out 3min), teste incremental máximo (GXTATADO) e performance de 200m em nado crawl (P200m)) para a modalidade e um jogo simulado para possibilitar o rastreamento das atividades realizadas por meio de filmagem. As avaliações ocorreram pré e após o período de suplementação (4 semanas). Não foram encontrados efeitos significativos de interação entre os grupos para nenhuma variável do presente estudo. No entanto, alguns ligeiros indícios de melhora com a suplementação de β-alanina foram encontrados como: (1) melhora significativa entre os momentos (pré × pós) no número total de sprints durante o jogo simulado de polo aquático; (2) efeito provavelmente benéfico (análise de inferência baseada na magnitude) para o tempo médio, pior tempo e tempo total na... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The overall aim of this study was to investigate the ergogenic effect of 4 weeks β-alanine supplementation on the anaerobic power, ability to performed repeated efforts and performance of water polo. 22 male elite players (mean±SD age = 18±4 years, weight = 78.5±9.5 kg and height = 1.79±0.06 m) participated in the study, which was conducted in order randomized, double blind and placebo controlled. Participants were divided into two groups (β-alanine and placebo) of 11 athletes each and were subjected to specific tests (repeated sprint ability test (RSA) and maximum 30s jump under the goal test (30CJ)) and semi-specific (30s maximal test in tethered swimming (30TS), maximal 3 min effort (AllOut-3min), tethered swimming graded exercise test (GXTTS) and 200m in front crawl (P200m)) for the modality and a simulated game to enable tracking of the activities carried out by video record. Assessments occurred before and after the supplementation period (4 weeks). There were no significant interaction effects between the groups for any variable of this study. However, some slight improvement indications with β-alanine supplementation were found to: (1) significant improvement between moments (pre × post) the total number of sprints during the simulated game water polo; (2) probably beneficial effect (magnitude-based inference analysis) for the mean time, worst time and total time in the first series of the RSA test (RSA1); (3) significant improvement between moments for mean force and integral of force during the 30TS and P200m; (4) significant improvement between moments for peak power at GXTTS. Therefore, it is concluded that supplementation for 4 weeks of β-alanine can promote only slightly improve some parameters related to swimming ability in water polo as total number of sprints in simulated game, mean time,... Complete abstract electronic access below)
Mestre
D’Astous-Pagé, Joël. "Implication de la carnosine musculaire chez le porc en croissance dans la détermination des caractères de qualité de la viande et mesure des niveaux d’expression de gènes associés à son métabolisme." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10486.
Full textCunha, Luiz Antônio da. "Avaliação da influência do dipeptídeo N-ß-alanil-L-histidina (L- carnosina) sobre a cinética de expansão de culturas de células diplóides humanas, estirpe MRC-5." Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2007. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/5812.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Um acordo internacional de transferência de tecnologia, firmado em 2003, entre a FIOCRUZ e a GlaxoSmithKline permitiu o acesso de Bio-Manguinhos a um moderno processo produtivo da vacina tríplice viral (TVV) contra o sarampo, a caxumba e a rubéola. A produção dessa vacina é parte do compromisso de Bio-Manguinhos com o programa nacional de auto-suficiência em imunobiológicos, tido como uma meta prioritária da política de saúde pública do governobrasileiro. A tecnologia aplicada para a produção da TVV envolve o uso de células MRC-5 como substrato celular para a produção de vírus vacinais da rubéola, particularmente da cepa Wistar RA27/3. A estirpe MRC-5 é reconhecida como um dos mais importantes substratos celulares para a produção de vacinas virais, e também tem sido adotada como modelo de estudo para senescência celular in vitro. A senescência celular é um estágio fisiológico complexo pelo qual, invariavelmente, qualquer população de células somáticas normais passa após atingir um determinado número de mitoses. Esseestágio fisiológico é caracterizado nas células diplóides pela contenção da capacidade de se multiplicar e pelo desenvolvimento de alterações morfológicas peculiares, especialmente quando cultivadas in vitro. Com o objetivo de aprimorar omonitoramento de estirpes de células diplóides humanas (HDCS – do inglês Human Diplóide Cells Strains) e contribuir para o estabelecimento da base de conhecimento necessário para a futura aplicação no processo de produção de TVV em Bio-Manguinhos, nós avaliamos culturas de células MRC-5 condicionadas com carnosina, em três diferentes aspectos: cinética de crescimento, propagação da cepa vacinal, Wistar RA27/3, do vírus da rubéola e a expressão do marcador biológico de senescência, a enzima β-galactosidase AS (β-gal AS). A avaliação do potencial antioxidante e antisenescente atribuído a carnosina, um dipeptídeo ubíquo à fisiologia de todos os animais superiores, sobre as células MRC-5 pode contribuir para aprimorar os procedimentos de qualificação e controle de células diplóides associados à produção de vacinas, e aindaservir para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos e a pesquisa científica. Aspectos dacinética de crescimento da cultura de células condicionadas com carnosina, observados neste estudo, são discutidos sob o ponto de vista da teoria do compromisso celular com a senescência. Todas as culturas de células MRC-5 avaliadas demonstraram a expressão da β-gal AS através do uso de X-Gal ou ONPG como substrato. Não encontramos variações no perfil de propagação de cepas vacinais do vírus da rubéola que possam ser associadas ao condicionamento das células MRC-5 com carnosina, nas condições testadas.
An international technology transfer agreement established between FIOCRUZ and GlaxoSmithKline in 2003, will provide Bio-Manguinhos with access to a modern manufacturing process for the production of the triple viral vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella (TVV). The production of TVV forms part of the Bio-Manguinhos commitment to the self-sufficiency national programin immunobiologicals, within the Brazilian government public health prioritized policies. The TVV technology employs diploid cells derived from normal human lung tissue(MRC-5) as the substrate for production of the attenuated rubella vaccine virus,Wistar RA27/3. The MRC-5 strain is one of the most important cellular substrates for viral vaccine manufacturing and in addition is widely used as a model for in vitrostudies of cell senescence. Cellular senescence is a physiological stage which normal somatic cells beyond certain duplication level go through, invariably. Such physiological stage is characterized by growth arrest and specific morphological changes, commonly, observed in diploid cells under in vitroculture environment. Aiming to contribute with the human diploid cells strains (HDCS) monitoring study and line up with the establishment of the necessaryknowledge base for the conduction of the TVV production process in Bio-Manguinhos, weevaluated MRC-5 cell cultures conditioned with carnosine under three different aspects: growth kinetics, propagation of the attenuated strain of rubella virus Wistar RA27/3 and the expression of the senescence bio-marker, SA β-Galactosidase. An evaluation of the antioxidant and antisenescence features attributed to carnosine, a dipeptide, ubiquitous to the physiology of all superior animals, over MRC-5 may contribute to the improvement of the qualification and control procedures in production of vaccines, product development and scientific research. Aspects of the growth kineticsof MRC-5 cells conditioned with carnosine observed in this study are discussed in relation to the cellular commitment theory. All MRC-5 tested demonstrated SA β-Galactosidase activity, as verified by enzyme processing of X-Gal or ONPG used as substrate. Additionally, no variations in the propagation profile of the attenuated rubella virus by treating cells with carnosine could be characterized in this study.
Letzien, Ulrike [Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Meixensberger, Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] Gaunitz, Florian [Gutachter] Lordick, and Achim [Gutachter] Aigner. "Effects of Carnosine and L-histidine on Viability and Expression of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 in Human Glioblastoma Cells / Ulrike Letzien ; Gutachter: Florian Lordick, Achim Aigner ; Jürgen Meixensberger, Frank Gaunitz." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1240395663/34.
Full textFredriksson, Benjamin. "Effekt av ß-alanintillskott på Muskelkarnosin, Blodlaktat och Fysisk prestation. : En Litteraturstudie med Meta-analys." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-89384.
Full textBackground: The use of dietary supplements has increased in recent years. Which leads to the continuous production of new supplements that have no evidence of effect. A dietary supplement that has gained increased interest in recent years is β-alanine. For activities where glycolysis is stimulated and lactic acid production is high, β-alanine has been suggested to be an effective supplement. The effects and functions of ß-alanine in the body are not fully established. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of ß-alanine supplementation on muscle carnosine concentration, blood lactate, muscle strength and endurance/time to exhaustion. Method: The study is designed as a systematic literature study with meta-analysis. Pubmed was used as a database for the literature search. Meta-assays were performed for carnosine concentration and blood lactate. Result: Dosage at 3.2g / day of β-alanine for 4 weeks shows significant effects on carnosine concentration. The size of the effect on carnosine concentration between the groups after 4 weeks of supplementation was 1,255 (p = 0.001). The effect size between the groups for 8-10 weeks was 2,054 (p = 0.008). No significant effects on blood lactate, the effect size between the groups was 0.148 (p = 0.278). Significant effect of βalanine on time to fatigue (TTE) in high intensity cycling. β-alanine supplementation showed significant effects on a repetition max (1RM) and whole body strength (WBS). 2 Conclusion: β-alanine supplementation with a dosage of at least 3.2g / day for 4 weeks gives a significant increase in muscle carnosine concentration. Larger dosages than 3.2g does not show greater effect. β-alanine does not have a significant effect on blood lactate. Significant effect was shown on TTE for high intensity cycling sprints. The ßalanine supplemental effect on muscle strength is difficult to identify because only two studies could be included.
Zhu, Xiaochun. "Characterization of Protein Modification by Products of Lipid Peroxidation." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1225734704.
Full textGarzon, D. "HIGH RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRIC STRATEGIES FOR DETECTION OF PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES COVALENTLY MODIFIED BY ELECTROPHILIC XENOBIOTICS AND ENDOGENOUS INTERMEDIATES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/250677.
Full textYen, Wen-Yen, and 顏文妍. "In vitro assessment of immunomodulating bioactivity of carnosine." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45181655552794607505.
Full text國立臺灣海洋大學
食品科學系
92
Carnosine(b-alanyl-L-histidine;CAR)is present in the nervous system of different classes of vertebrates. This peptide is synthesized by the enzyme CAR synthetase. In vitro, this substance acts as antioxidant, free radical scavenger, physiological buffer, radioprotectant, and metal ion chelating agent. The present study, assessment the effect of CAR and its component, b-Alanine (Ala) and L-histidine (His), which possesses immunomodulatory activity in Vitro. Oxdative stress was induced by incubation with a free radical generator, AAPH. The result suggested that CAR and its component have no effect of cell lines (10 mM). 75 mM CAR decrease NBT reduction ratio by scavenge O2- . 5 mM CAR can promote the phagocytose of PBMC;5 mM AAPH induce DNA fragmentation of cell lines (HL-60, THP-1) and decrease cell viability. Cellas were treated with AAPH for 12 h then add CAR for 4 h have no effect of cell viability,but add 2 mM CAR at the same time could increased cell viability by MTT test;CAR (2 and 5 mM) were decrease apoptosis used the cell cycle determination.AAPH was ROS inducer, our results presumed that the protection of CAR was decreased the ROS production and increased cell viability.
Meng-hsiao and 林孟曉. "Histidine and Carnosine delay diabetic deterioration in mice." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97298363156643059312.
Full text中山醫學大學
營養學研究所
93
In vivo effects of histidine amd carnosine against diabetes deterioration in diabetic Balb/cA mice were studied. Histidine and carnosine at 0.5, 1 g/l were added into drinking water. After 4 weeks intake of these agents, the content of histidine and carnosine in plasma, heart and liver significantly elevated (p<0.05). The intake of these agents significantly decreased plasma glucose and fibronectin levels (p<0.05); however, only 1 g/l histidine and carnosine treatments significantly increased insulin level (p<0.05) in diabetic mice. Triglyceride level in heart and liver was dose-dependently reduced by histidine or carnosine treatments (p<0.05); however, only 1 g/l histidine and carnosine treatments significantly reduced cholesterol level in heart and liver (p<0.05). The administration of histidine or carnosine significantly enhanced catalase activity and decreased lipid oxidation levels in kidney and liver (p<0.05); however, only 1 g/l histidine and carnosine treatments significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity (p<0.05). The increased interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in diabetic mice were significantly suppressed by the intake of histidine or carnosine (p<0.05). These data suggest that histidine and carnosine are potential multiple-protective agents for diabetic complications prevention or therapy.
Lai, Ying-Chen, and 賴穎珍. "Extraction and Antioxidative Activity of Carnosine from Poultry Meat." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71942244868598847954.
Full text東海大學
食品科學系
86
The objective of this research is to produce chicken, duck and turkey meat extract which was high in carnosine and low in iron. The contents ofmoisture, carnosine, free iron, total iron and phosphate of meat extract were analyzed. Antioxidant effectiveness was measured by adding meat extractto the ground pork containing 30 % fat and 2.0 % NaCl that was packaged with PE film and stored at 0℃ for 0, 3, 6 and 9 days. At each storage interval, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values, total plate counts (TPC) andpH value of ground pork were determined. The percentage of moisture, carnosine, free iron, total iron and phosphateof meat extract increased after concentration. Demineralization reduced the content of carnosine, free iron and total iron but increased the contentof phosphate in meat extract. the breast meat extract had higher carnosine content than the leg meat extract. The content of free iron and total iron was higher in leg meat extract when comparing to that in the breast meatextract. The chicken meat extract contained higher amount of carnosine; and the duck meat extract contained higher amount of free iron and total iron. The groups added with undemineralized chicken breast meat extract had lower TBA values than the control. The higher percentage of meat extract added, the lower TBA values in ground pork resulted. Ground pork added with the concentrated chicken breast meat extract (undemineralization) had lower TBAvalues than the control. However the freeze-dried chicken breast muscle extract promoted the oxidation of ground pork and increased TBA values. The demineralizedchicken breast meat extract could reduce the TBA values of ground pork during storage. The higher concentration of meat extract added, the lower TBA values in ground pork resulted. After freeze-drying, the chicken breast meat extract(with demineralization) had higher content of iron which promoted the oxidation of ground pork. Demineralization could reduce iron content and inctease theconcentration of phosphate and pH value of meat extract. The antioxidant abilityof demineralized meat extract was better than that of the undemineralized meatextract. Ground pork added with undemineralized of demineralized chicken legmeat extracts had lower TBA values than the control. The concentrated and freeze-dried meat extract increased the TBA value of ground pork during storage. The undemineralized chicken meat extract (undried) increased the total platecounts (TPC) of ground pork during storage. The TPC of ground pork increased with the addition of higher concentration of meat extract. The differences in TPCbetween the concentrated and freeze-dried groups were not significant. Ground pork added with demineralizated chicken breast meat extract had lower TPC thanthose added with undemineralizated meat extract. The TPC of ground pork increased with the addition of undemineralized or demineralized meat extract (undried, concentrated and freeze-dried). Especially, the undemineralized meat extract would significantly increased the TPC of ground pork. The pHvalue of pork was not affected by the addition of undemineralizedchicken breast or leg meat extract during storage. However, the pHvalue was affected by the addition of demineralized meat extract. Ground pork added with concentrated or freeze-dried undemineralized chicken breast or leg meat extracthad higher pH value than the control.-1 -aExtraction and Antioxidative Activity of Carnosine from Poultry Meat
KUO, HSIN-YING, and 郭欣穎. "Preventive potential of carnosine on colon carcinogenesis in mice." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q2dqp8.
Full textShemchuk, Oleksii. "Optimizing physicochemical properties of naturalantioxidants and geroprotectors: L-carnosine and melatonin." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/7849.
Full textThe issue of “Healthy Ageing” has become a significant challenge due to the continuous grow of World Population Ageing. Advancing health and well-being into old age and ensuring supportive environments is a main objective of NATO’s Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division [1]. Natural antioxidants such as L-carnosine and melatonin have been successfully used as geroprotectors. They reduce the risk of developing ageing-related diseases which is one the main aspects of healthy ageing. New formulation of the existing APIs is a widely used approach to optimize their physicochemical properties. Carnosine underwent reactions with a number of organic acids resulting in the discovery of seven new salts. The obtained salts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and thermal analyses. The structures were determined using X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD). The carnosine salts with glycolic and succinic acids might be of higher interest since both components possess antioxidant activity and carnosine, when used as a nutraceutical is usually combined with other antioxidants. Thus, the new formulation of carnosine as a salt with an acid possessing antioxidant activity can enhance its biological activity. Melatonin was co-crystallized with a number of coformers from various chemical groups. Two new co-crystals of melatonin with DABCO and piperazine were obtained by using mechanochemical technique (kneading). The structure of melatonin-DABCO co-crystal was established from a single crystal obtained by recrystallization from dichloromethane. The structure of melatonin-piperazine was solved using XRPD. Though only one of the obtained co-crystals can find a direct application in Pharmaceutical industry (DABCO does not belong to the GRAS list), our results confirm the reactivity of melatonin in co-crystallization processes, and emphasizes the need to continue the search for an improved formulation.
European Commission: scholarship funded within the Erasmus+ KA1 Programme, ref. 2013-0241 - Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degree in Chemical Innovation and Regulation
LAI, PO-YU, and 賴柏羽. "Regulate Mechanism of Carnosine on Metastasis of Human Colorectal Cancer Cells." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34622474213456469649.
Full text國立高雄海洋科技大學
水產食品科學研究所
105
Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. Carnosine is an endogenous dipeptide found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. It is known to have anti-fatigue, antioxidative, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and anti-cancer effects. However, the study of carnosine on metastasis of colorectal cancer is still limited. To investigate the regulating mechanism of carnosine on the metastasis of human colon cancer cells. The culture of human colon cancer cells, HCT-116, was as an experimental model in this study. The results showed that when HCT-116 cells treated 0.5, 1 or 5 mM carnosine for 48 h, respectively, the migration ability was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05). The MMP-9 mRNA and protein expression of HCT-116 cells were also inhibited by 1 or 5 mM carnosine after 48 h treatment. But, there are not effective on MMP-2 mRNA and protein expression. Furthermore, when HCT-116 cells treated with 1 or 5 mM carnosine, respectively, the invasion ability was significantly decreased, and the E-cadherin expression was significantly increased (P < 0.05). In addition, the mRNA of TIMP-1 is signification increased after 5 mM carnosine treatment (P < 0.05), and the protein levels of TIMP-1, an inhibitor of MMP-9, are signification increased after 0.5, 1 or 5 mM carnosine, respectively, treatment (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the uPA mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased after carnosine treatment. From the adhesion reaction assays results, when HCT-116 cells treated with 0.5, 1 or 5 mM carnosine, respectively, the adhesion ability of the HCT-116 cells to endothelial cells (EA.hy926 cells) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The protein expression of integrin-1 was significantly decreased after HCT-116 cells treatment with 0.5, 1 or 5 mM carnosine, respectively, and the levels of E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) proteins were significantly decreased in the EA.hy926 cells treated with 5 mM carnosine (P < 0.05). From the results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination indicated that HCT-116 cells treated with LPS combined with the 0.5, 1 or 5 mM carnosine, respectively, had a less flattened and retracted shape compared with LPS-treated cells, and this change in shape was found to be a phenomenon of extravasation invasion. The transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of the monolayer EA.hy926 endothelial cell was significantly increased after 1 or 5 mM carnosine treatment for 24 h. The phosphorylation of VE-cadherin (p-VE-cadherin) was significantly reduced after EA.hy926 cells treated with 1 or 5 mM carnosine (P < 005). And, when EA.hy926 cells treated with 0.5, 1 or 5 mM carnosine, the protein levels of ROCK and RhoA, and levels of ROS were significantly increased in EA.hy926 cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the nuclear p65 protein and the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB increased after carnosine treatment. The results indicate that carnosine can inhibit the metastasis of human colorectal cancer cells. The regulating mechanism may be through to suppress of carnosine on NF-κB transcript activation and its regulator metastasis related molecular expression in HCT-116 cells.