Academic literature on the topic 'Carico organico'
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Journal articles on the topic "Carico organico"
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LEE, YONG JUN, DAHMENDRA SRISKANDA, SREERAMANAN SUBRAMANIAM, and BEE LYNN CHEW. "THE EFFECTS OF BANANA, POTATO, AND COCONUT WATER IN THE REGENERATION OF Ficus carica cv. Japanese BTM 6." Malaysian Applied Biology 51, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v51i1.2157.
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Fig (Ficus carica L.) belongs to the family of Moraceae and its fruits are known to be nutritious to the human diet. Organic additives function as an alternative to replace conventional carbon sources besides containing other nutritional components required for plant growth. This study aims to evaluate the effects of organic additives incorporated in culture media for the regeneration of Ficus carica cv. Japanese BTM6. In vitro shoots were cultured in MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L of BAP without sucrose and with different concentrations of organic additives (potato, banana and coconut water). MS medium supplemented with 20 g of sucrose and 1 mg/L of BAP (positive control) showed the highest number of shoots (2.45 ± 0.16), shoot height (4.02 ± 0.18 cm) and number of leaves (8.33 ± 0.44). However, the incorporation of coconut water was observed to also support the induction of shoots, shoot height and leaves. Treatment of 200 mL/L of coconut water was found to significantly improve the number of leaves (5.08 ± 0.81 leaves per explant) in comparison to other organic additives. The study concludes that coconut water can be a feasible alternative as carbon source in the regeneration of Ficus carica cv. Japanese BTM6.
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Marquez, Arístides, Andrew Dale, Luis Troccoli Ghinaglia, Fabiola López Monroy, William Senior, Aida Ríos, Frank Muller Karger, Yrene Astor, and Ramón Varela. "Carbon regeneration in the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 65, no. 1 (March 2017): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592017121406501.
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Abstract The carbon regeneration in the water column of the Cariaco Basin (Venezuela) was investigated using a regression model of total alkalinity (TA) and the concentration of total inorganic carbon (TCO2). Primary productivity (PP) was determined from the inorganic carbon fraction assimilated by phytoplankton and the variation of the 22 and 23ºC isotherm was used as an indicator of coastal upwelling. The results indicate that CO2 levels were lowest (1962 µmol/kg) at the surface and increased to 2451 µmol/kg below the oxic-anoxic redox interface. The vertical regeneration distribution of carbon was dominated (82%) by organic carbon originating from the soft tissue of photosynthetic organisms, whereas 18% originated from the dissolution of biogenic calcite. The regeneration of organic carbon was highest in the surface layer in agreement with the primary productivity values. However, at the oxic-anoxic interface a second more intense maximum was detected (70-80%), generated by chemotrophic respiration of organic material by microorganisms. The percentages in the anoxic layers were lower than in the oxic zone because aerobic decomposition occurs more rapidly than anaerobic respiration of organic material because more labile fractions of organic carbon have already been mineralized in the upper layers.
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Winter, Christina, Sonja Hartl, Dagmar Kolb, Gerd Leitinger, and Eva Roblegg. "Investigations to Evaluate Gastric Mucoadhesion of an Organic Product to Ameliorate Gastritis." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 4 (April 7, 2020): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12040331.
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Gastritis is an inflammatory disease leading to abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea. While therapy depends on etiology, adhesive agents protecting the gastric tissue represent a promising treatment option. Caricol®-Gastro is an organic product that significantly decreased gastritic abdominal pain in a recent clinical study. To investigate whether this beneficial effect can be attributed to the formation of a protective layer covering the gastric mucosa after oral application, several methods were used to determine adhesion. These include macro-rheological measurements and gastric mucin interactions, which were correlated to network formation, examined by Cryo-scanning electron microscopy technique, wettability via sessile drop method on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell layers, and ex vivo adhesion studies on gastric porcine tissue with the falling liquid film technique considering physiological conditions and Franz diffusion cells for quantification. The results showed that Caricol®-Gastro formed a stable viscoelastic network with shear thinning properties. It exhibited high wettability and spreadability and adhered to the excised gastric mucosa. We found that oat flour, as the main ingredient of Caricol®-Gastro, supports the gel network regarding viscoelasticity and, to a lesser extent, adhesion in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, our data highlight that a variety of coordinated methods are required to investigate gastric adhesion.
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Lui, Xin Jie, Dahmendra Sriskanda, Wan Ting Ling, Sreeramanan Subramaniam, and Bee Lynn Chew. "The Incorporation of Coconut Water and Banana Homogenate in The Regeneration of Fig (Ficus carica L.) cv. Violette de Solliès." Malaysian Applied Biology 51, no. 5 (December 26, 2022): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v51i5.2327.
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The common fig (Ficus carica L.) is from the family of Moraceae and is commonly cultivated for its fruits, which are well-known for their exceptional nutritional and medicinal properties. The addition of organic additives functions to supply carbon sources and other essential vitamins, minerals, and natural growth regulators to support the growth of explants. The present study aims to assess the effects of coconut water and banana homogenate in the regeneration of Ficus carica cv. Violette de Solliès (VDS). In vitro shoot, explants were cultured in full-strength MS medium without sucrose but with 1.0 mg/L BAP and different concentrations of coconut water and banana homogenate. Results indicated that MS media with 200 mL/L coconut water resulted in the highest number of induced shoots (3.03 ± 0.122) and shoot height (1.005 ± 0.022 cm) compared to other treatments with coconut water, whereas MS media supplemented with 200 g/L banana homogenate produced the highest number of induced shoots (3.00 ± 0.144) and the highest shoot height (0.958 ± 0.020 cm) of all the banana homogenate treatments. In conclusion, coconut water and banana homogenate are suitable alternatives for carbon sources and other organic growth factors contributing to the regeneration of Ficus carica cv. VDS.
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Vestenius, M., H. Hellén, J. Levula, P. Kuronen, K. J. Helminen, T. Nieminen, M. Kulmala, and H. Hakola. "Acidic reaction products of mono- and sesquiterpenes in atmospheric fine particles in a boreal forest." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 2 (January 28, 2014): 2857–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-2857-2014.
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Abstract. Biogenic acids were measured from PM2.5 aerosols at SMEAR II station (Station For Measuring Forest Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relations) in Finland from June 2010 until October 2011. The measured organic acids were pinic, pinonic, caric, limonic and caryophyllinic acids from oxidation of α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, Δ3-carene and β-caryophyllene. Due to lack of authentic standards caric, limonic and caryophyllinic acids were synthesized at the Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Helsinki. The highest terpenoic acid concentrations were measured during summer concomitant with the precursor mono- and sesquiterpenes. Of the acids β-caryophyllinic acid had highest concentrations in summer, but during other times of the year pinonic acid was the most abundant. The β-caryophyllinic acid contribution was higher than expected on the basis of emission calculations of precursor compounds and yields in oxidation experiments in smog chambers implicating that β-caryophyllene emissions or β-caryophyllinic acid yields are underestimated. Concentration ratios between terpenoic acids and their precursor were clearly lower in summer than in winter indicating stronger partitioning to the aerosol phase during cold winter season. The β-caryophyllinic and caric acids were correlated with the accumulation mode particle number concentrations.
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Emetere, Moses E., and Ikechukwu M. Ahiara. "Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Coated Carica papaya Extracts for Solid-State Application." Key Engineering Materials 885 (May 2021): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.885.53.
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The evolution of semiconductor from the conventional type to organic semiconductor has not convincingly shown that it is eco-friendly both in the short and long term. This research presents the green solution bio-semiconductor that was synthesized from zinc coated carica papaya. It was observed that carica papaya extracts do not respond significantly to the extracting solution (methanol, ethanol and butanol). The band gap of sample 1 (extract in methanol solution), sample 2 (extract in ethanol solution) and sample 3 (extract in butanol solution) was calculated as 1.98 eV, 2.01eV and 1.93 eV respectively. Further research is therefore recommended for the perfection of the bio-semiconductor.
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Yang, Xue, Yuzheng Li, Chunying Li, Qianqian Li, Bin Qiao, Sen Shi, and Chunjian Zhao. "Enhancement of Interplanting of Ficus carica L. with Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. on Growth of Two Plants." Agriculture 11, no. 12 (December 15, 2021): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121276.
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Medicinal-agroforestry systems are one of the multi-functional medicinal plant production systems, gaining attention as a sustainable alternative to traditional monoculture systems. In this study, three planting patterns were established which included: (1) monoculture F. carica (MF); (2) monoculture T. cuspidata (MT); and (3) interplanting F. carica with T. cuspidata (IFT). The differences of growth biomass, photosynthesis, soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities, soil microorganisms, and main secondary metabolites of F. carica and T. cuspidata under the above three models were investigated. Compared with the MF and MT patterns, IFT pattern for 5 months significantly increased the plant growth biomass, photosynthesis, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and secondary metabolites content. The activities of acid phosphatase, sucrase, protease, polyphenol oxidase, urease, dehydrogenase, and catalase in soil of IFT were significantly higher than MF and MT patterns. Results showed that IFT pattern is preferred compared to the MF and MT patterns. Our result will help to provide a feasible theoretical basis for the large-scale establishment of F. carica and T. cuspidata mixed forests and obtain high-quality medicine sources for extracting important active ingredients, psoralen and paclitaxel, which are crucial to the long-term sustainable development and production of medicinal plants.
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Casas, J. J., G. P. Baldeón, V. N. Canales, and S. D. Camargo. "Bromelain and Papain from Organic Residues of Ananas Comosus and Carica Papaya." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1072, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1072/1/012010.
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Abstract In Peru there are no minimization proposals for the large amount of organic waste discarded daily by economic activities such as in the case of the El Tambo food market. In the present work we use Ananas comosus and Carica papaya peels and seeds to obtain the enzymes bromelain and papain, using the protocol [1] with the following steps: obtaining the juice, enzymatic extraction with ethanol and NaCl, protein concentration and finally the enzymatic activity test is performed by coagulation. From 1 kilogram of residues, 0.3851g with ethanol and 2.123g with NaCl of lyophilized bromelain and 0.3172g with ethanol and 1.0032g with NaCl of lyophilized papain were obtained; it was observed that the treatments with NaCl allowed obtaining a greater amount of product. The tests showed that it is possible to obtain the enzymes from the peels of Ananas comosus and Carica papaya, which poses a possible alternative for the reuse of these residues as nutritional complements for food.
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Mohan, Resmi, M. Vidhyalakshmi, and Venkatasubramanian Sivakumar. "Microwave Assisted Rapid Extraction and Characterization of Coumarin from Fig Plant (Ficus carica)." Asian Journal of Science and Applied Technology 8, no. 1 (May 5, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajsat-2019.8.1.1043.
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Coumarins are fragrant natural bioactive organic compound find application as aroma, flavor and wide medicinal use. Fig plant (Ficus Carica) is a very good source of Coumarins. Coumarins are a member of the benzopyrone family and it has a benzene ring joined to a pyrone ring. There is a need for effective extraction and purification of Coumarins from plant materials. Different methods of extraction of Courmarin from Ficus Carica has been studied in this paper, among them, microwave extraction (180 W power) provided rapid extraction with 10 minutes time with extract yield of 0.67 g as compared to that of 1 hour of water bath extraction at 60C. Coumarin was isolated from the crude extract using NaOH and petroleum ether and their presence was characterized confirmed using UV spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, TLC and fluorescence test. The antibacterial activity of coumarin was also evaluated using disc diffusion method and Minimum Inhibition Count (MIC). The present study analyzes and provides method of microwave assisted rapid extraction of Coumarin from Fig plant (Ficus Carica) and its characterization, which could be widely used as generic method from natural materials for different applications.
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Muller-Karger, Frank E., Yrene M. Astor, Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson, Kristen N. Buck, Kent A. Fanning, Laura Lorenzoni, Enrique Montes, et al. "The Scientific Legacy of the CARIACO Ocean Time-Series Program." Annual Review of Marine Science 11, no. 1 (January 3, 2019): 413–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010318-095150.
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The CARIACO (Carbon Retention in a Colored Ocean) Ocean Time-Series Program station, located at 10.50°N, 64.66°W, observed biogeochemical and ecological processes in the Cariaco Basin of the southwestern Caribbean Sea from November 1995 to January 2017. The program completed 232 monthly core cruises, 40 sediment trap deployment cruises, and 40 microbiogeochemical process cruises. Upwelling along the southern Caribbean Sea occurs from approximately November to August. High biological productivity (320–628 g C m−2y−1) leads to large vertical fluxes of particulate organic matter, but only approximately 9–10 g C m−2y−1fall to the bottom sediments (∼1–3% of primary production). A diverse community of heterotrophic and chemoautotrophic microorganisms, viruses, and protozoa thrives within the oxic–anoxic interface. A decrease in upwelling intensity from approximately 2003 to 2013 and the simultaneous overfishing of sardines in the region led to diminished phytoplankton bloom intensities, increased phytoplankton diversity, and increased zooplankton densities. The deepest waters of the Cariaco Basin exhibited long-term positive trends in temperature, salinity, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, phosphate, methane, and silica. Earthquakes and coastal flooding also resulted in the delivery of sediment to the seafloor. The program's legacy includes climate-quality data from suboxic and anoxic habitats and lasting relationships between international researchers.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Carico organico"
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Aldrovandi, Aba <1977>. "Ottimizzazione dei processi depurativi di reflui ad elevato carico organico a fini di recupero energetico." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2723/1/Aldrovandi_Aba_tesi.pdf.
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L’attuale condizione che caratterizza il settore energetico richiede un necessario processo di riconversione che, oltre a favorire il risparmio energetico, riduca la dipendenza dai combustibili fossili ed accresca l’impiego di fonti energetiche rinnovabili, dando un contributo fondamentale alla riduzione delle emissioni di gas serra come diversi accordi internazionali richiedono. Si rende pertanto necessario accelerare i processi che da alcuni anni stanno favorendo l’utilizzo di energia da fonti rinnovabili. Tra queste, le fonti legate ai processi di trattamento biologico dei reflui stanno avendo un interessante sviluppo. Esistono numerosi processi biologici che consentono la produzione di energia in maniera indiretta, quali ad esempio i processi di digestione anaerobica finalizzati alla produzione di biogas e/o produzione biologica di idrogeno. In tale contesto si inserisce la tecnologia delle Microbial Fuel Cell, che consente la produzione diretta di energia elettrica, finalizzata al recupero energetico inteso al miglioramento dell’efficienza energetica e alla riduzione dei costi d’esercizio di impianti di trattamento biologico dei reflui. Il presente lavoro di Tesi di Dottorato sperimentale, svoltosi in collaborazione al laboratorio PROT.-IDR. della sede ENEA di Bologna, riporta i risultati dell’attività di ricerca condotta su una MFC (Microbial Fuel Cell) a doppio stadio biologico per il trattamento di reflui ad elevato carico organico e produzione continua di energia elettrica.
E’ stata provata l’applicabilità della MFC con entrambi i comparti biotici utilizzando elettrodi di grafite non trattata ottenendo, con un carico organico in ingresso di circa 9 gd-1, valori di potenza massima prodotta che si attestano su 74 mWm-2, corrente elettrica massima generata di 175 mAm-2 ad una tensione di 421 mV, ed una conversione di COD in elettricità pari a 1,2 gCODm-2d-1. I risultati sono stati molto positivi per quanto riguarda le prestazioni depurative ottenute dalla MFC. L’efficienza di depurazione misurata ha raggiunto un valore massimo del 98% di rimozione del COD in ingresso, mentre e la concentrazione di azoto ammoniacale nell’effluente raccolto all’uscita del sedimentatore è sempre stata inferiore a 1 mgN-NH4+l-1. Tra gli obiettivi posti all’inizio della sperimentazione si è rivelata di notevole interesse la valutazione del possibile utilizzo della MFC come sistema per il monitoraggio on-line del COD e degli acidi grassi volatili (VFA) prodotti all’interno di un digestore anaerobico, attraverso la definizione di una correlazione tra i dati elettrici registrati in continuo e le concentrazioni di CODanaer e VFA misurate in diversi periodi della sperimentazione. L’analisi DGGE della biomassa catodica ha fornito uno strumento analitico utile allo studio della diversità della comunità microbica sospesa ed adesa al catodo e ha confermato la forte similarità delle specie batteriche riconosciute nei campioni analizzati. In particolare, le bande di sequenziamento ottenute sono affiliate ai gruppi batterici Firmicutes, -Proteobacteria, -Proteobacteria, -Proteobacteria e Bacteroidetes. Da quanto emerso dalla sperimentazione condotta si può pertanto concludere che ad oggi le MFC sono in fase di evoluzione rispetto ai primi prototipi utilizzati per lo studio delle comunità microbiali e per la comprensione dei meccanismi di trasferimento elettronico. Sfruttarne la potenza prodotta in maniera commerciale diviene una grande sfida per il futuro, ed è opinione comune che le prime applicazioni pratiche delle MFC saranno come fonte di recupero energetico per i dispositivi utilizzati per il monitoraggio dell’ambiente e per il trattamento delle acque reflue.
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Aldrovandi, Aba <1977>. "Ottimizzazione dei processi depurativi di reflui ad elevato carico organico a fini di recupero energetico." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2723/.
Full textAbstract:
L’attuale condizione che caratterizza il settore energetico richiede un necessario processo di riconversione che, oltre a favorire il risparmio energetico, riduca la dipendenza dai combustibili fossili ed accresca l’impiego di fonti energetiche rinnovabili, dando un contributo fondamentale alla riduzione delle emissioni di gas serra come diversi accordi internazionali richiedono. Si rende pertanto necessario accelerare i processi che da alcuni anni stanno favorendo l’utilizzo di energia da fonti rinnovabili. Tra queste, le fonti legate ai processi di trattamento biologico dei reflui stanno avendo un interessante sviluppo. Esistono numerosi processi biologici che consentono la produzione di energia in maniera indiretta, quali ad esempio i processi di digestione anaerobica finalizzati alla produzione di biogas e/o produzione biologica di idrogeno. In tale contesto si inserisce la tecnologia delle Microbial Fuel Cell, che consente la produzione diretta di energia elettrica, finalizzata al recupero energetico inteso al miglioramento dell’efficienza energetica e alla riduzione dei costi d’esercizio di impianti di trattamento biologico dei reflui. Il presente lavoro di Tesi di Dottorato sperimentale, svoltosi in collaborazione al laboratorio PROT.-IDR. della sede ENEA di Bologna, riporta i risultati dell’attività di ricerca condotta su una MFC (Microbial Fuel Cell) a doppio stadio biologico per il trattamento di reflui ad elevato carico organico e produzione continua di energia elettrica.
E’ stata provata l’applicabilità della MFC con entrambi i comparti biotici utilizzando elettrodi di grafite non trattata ottenendo, con un carico organico in ingresso di circa 9 gd-1, valori di potenza massima prodotta che si attestano su 74 mWm-2, corrente elettrica massima generata di 175 mAm-2 ad una tensione di 421 mV, ed una conversione di COD in elettricità pari a 1,2 gCODm-2d-1. I risultati sono stati molto positivi per quanto riguarda le prestazioni depurative ottenute dalla MFC. L’efficienza di depurazione misurata ha raggiunto un valore massimo del 98% di rimozione del COD in ingresso, mentre e la concentrazione di azoto ammoniacale nell’effluente raccolto all’uscita del sedimentatore è sempre stata inferiore a 1 mgN-NH4+l-1. Tra gli obiettivi posti all’inizio della sperimentazione si è rivelata di notevole interesse la valutazione del possibile utilizzo della MFC come sistema per il monitoraggio on-line del COD e degli acidi grassi volatili (VFA) prodotti all’interno di un digestore anaerobico, attraverso la definizione di una correlazione tra i dati elettrici registrati in continuo e le concentrazioni di CODanaer e VFA misurate in diversi periodi della sperimentazione. L’analisi DGGE della biomassa catodica ha fornito uno strumento analitico utile allo studio della diversità della comunità microbica sospesa ed adesa al catodo e ha confermato la forte similarità delle specie batteriche riconosciute nei campioni analizzati. In particolare, le bande di sequenziamento ottenute sono affiliate ai gruppi batterici Firmicutes, -Proteobacteria, -Proteobacteria, -Proteobacteria e Bacteroidetes. Da quanto emerso dalla sperimentazione condotta si può pertanto concludere che ad oggi le MFC sono in fase di evoluzione rispetto ai primi prototipi utilizzati per lo studio delle comunità microbiali e per la comprensione dei meccanismi di trasferimento elettronico. Sfruttarne la potenza prodotta in maniera commerciale diviene una grande sfida per il futuro, ed è opinione comune che le prime applicazioni pratiche delle MFC saranno come fonte di recupero energetico per i dispositivi utilizzati per il monitoraggio dell’ambiente e per il trattamento delle acque reflue.
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Fragai, Marco. "Analisi e simulazione di un ciclo Rankine organico per il recupero di energia a bassa entalpia." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10691/.
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Questo lavoro è incentrato sull'analisi e la simulazione di un ciclo Rankine a fluido organico (ORC) per la produzione di energia da calore a bassa entalpia.
Il lavoro è stato svolto in collaborazione con l'università di Gent, in Belgio, in particolare grazie al Prof. De Peape e all' Ing. Steven Lecompte; il lavoro in Italia è stato coordinato dal Prof. De Pascale.
L'obiettivo principale della tesi è stata la creazione un modello computazionale in grado di descrivere le prestazioni dell'impianto a carico parziale.
Ogni elemento dell'impianto è stato analizzato e modellizzato secondo un approccio di simulazione
originale in Matlab. I componenti ottenuti sono stati poi combinati a formare la simulazione dell'intero sistema; questa è in grado di prevedere la potenza prodotta ed il rendimento del ciclo al variare delle condizioni esterne.
I risultati ottenuti dalle simulazioni sono stati poi confrontati con i dati sperimentali raccolti sull'impianto di prova dell'Università. Questo confronto dimostra un buon accordo dei risultati previsti con quelli misurati. L'errore relativo massimo ottenuto per la potenza elettrica è sotto il 7%, così come quello sul rendimento; Gli errori relativi a pressione ed entalpie sono in genere sotto il 5%. Il modello può perciò dirsi validato e rappresenta un valido strumento di analisi per comprendere la risposta ai carichi parziali anche al di fuori del range di calibrazione.
Il modello è stato infine utilizzato per costruire delle mappe del carico parziale e analizzare l'influenza delle variabili del ciclo. Ulteriori applicazioni delle mappe prodotte sono proposte a fine del lavoro.
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Monti, Maurizio. "Trasporto di carica in cristalli organici semiconduttori." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7402/.
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Uno dei settori che più si stanno sviluppando nell'ambito della ricerca applicata è senza dubbio quello dell'elettronica organica. Nello specifico lo studio è sospinto dagli indubbi vantaggi che questi dispositivi porterebbero se venissero prodotti su larga scala: basso costo, semplicità realizzativa, leggerezza, flessibilità ed estensione.
È da sottolineare che dispositivi basati su materiali organici sono già stati realizzati: si parla di OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) LED realizzati sfruttando le proprietà di elettroluminescenza di alcuni materiali organici, OFET (Organig Field Effect Transistor) transistor costruiti con semiconduttori organici, financo celle solari che sfruttano le buone proprietà ottiche di questi composti.
Oggetto di analisi di questa tesi è lo studio delle proprietà di trasporto di alcuni cristalli organici, al fine di estrapolarne la mobilità intrinseca e verificare come essa cambi se sottoposti a radiazione x.
I due cristalli su cui si è focalizzata questa trattazione sono il 1,5-Dinitronaphtalene e il 2,4-Dinitronaphtol; su di essi è stata eseguita una caratterizzazione ottica e una elettrica, in seguito interpretate con il modello SCLC (Space Charge Limited Current).
I risultati ottenuti mostrano che c'è una differenza apprezzabile nella mobilità nei due casi con e senza irraggiamento con raggi x.
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Silverio, Thiago Cunha. "Efeito da adi??o do leite de vaca ? calda bordalesa no controle da var?ola do mamoeiro em diferentes densidades de cultivo em sistema org?nico." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1703.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq
The study was conducted, in the center of Integrated Rural Education State-CEIER, located in the municipality of White Eagle, Northwest of the State of Esp?rito Santo, the aim of this study was to evaluate the action of the whole milk added to the Bordeaux mixture Asperisporium caricae control, causative agent of smallpox and the behavior of this disease in different population densities the papaya tree. In setting up the experiment, the seedlings were separated by size: smaller, medium-sized and larger, so that the implementation of the orchard, there was within each block seedlings with similar vigor. The seedlings of papaya (Carica papaya L.) were prepared, using seeds of papayas hermaphrodites of the cultivar ' Golden Sunrise ', belonging to the soil. On planting and leading between each block, was grown legumes Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) as green manure. The plants were bi-monthly composted manure tanned and potassium sulphate and alternating sprays with foliar fertilizer Agrobio (2%). The phytosanitary control followed the rules of organic farming. Spontaneous herbs were controlled by means of plant cover (Sunn hemp biomass) and periodic ro?adas. It took the experimental design of randomized blocks, being arranged in factorial arrangement of treatments. We evaluated the whole milk concentrations (0,0%, 5% and 10%) + 1% Bordeaux mixture (subplots), in six different breeding densities (1667, 2167, 3167, 2667, 3667 and 4167 plants. hectare-1). Based on the results it is concluded that: the addition of raw cow's milk to the Bordeaux mixture enables greater control of smallpox of papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits; the mixture prepared with 10% of raw cow's milk in Bordeaux mixture, the greater the inhibition signs of smallpox from papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits; analyzing by vegetative aspect of papaya, the greatest effect of the addition of raw cow's milk in Bordeaux mixture occurs in younger leaves; the extent to which increasing the dosage raw cow's milk, from zero to 10%, in Bordeaux, increases linearly, the ability to control the smallpox of the papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits; less degradated plantations allow lower occurrence of smallpox from papaya, both on the leaves, as in the fruits, if compared to those more Caterpillar; the density of plantation of papaya of 1667 plants.ha-4167 plants even 1.ha-1 the severity of smallpox of the papaya tree increases in a linear fashion; smallpox papaya progresses, exponentially, from bottom to top and/or older leaves to the newest; the part of the fruit, stuck in the plant, yet more exposed to external factors, is the most affected by smallpox of papaya, compared with the part facing the stem; analyzing for the papaya reproductive aspect, the greatest effect of the addition of raw cow's milk in Bordeaux is noticed on the face less exposed of the fruit; and, eat avocado with more leaves infected by smallpox will produce fruits also more affected by this disease
O estudo foi conduzido, no Centro Estadual Integrado de Educa??o Rural ? CEIER, situado no munic?pio de ?guia Branca, Regi?o Noroeste do Estado do Esp?rito Santo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a a??o do leite integral adicionado ? calda bordalesa no controle do Asperisporium caricae, agente causal da var?ola e o comportamento desta doen?a em diferentes densidades de cultivo do mamoeiro. Na montagem do experimento, as mudas foram separadas por tamanho: menores, m?dias e maiores, de forma que na implanta??o do pomar, houvesse dentro de cada bloco mudas com padr?o de vigor parecido. As mudas de mamoeiro (Carica papaya L.) foram preparadas, utilizando-se sementes de mam?es hermafroditas da cultivar ?Sunrise Golden?, pertencente ao grupo Solo. Na entrelinha de plantio e entre cada bloco, foi cultivada a leguminosa crotal?ria (Crotalaria juncea) como adubo verde. As plantas foram bimensalmente adubadas com esterco curtido e sulfato de pot?ssio e pulveriza??es alternadas, com o biofertilizante l?quido Agrobio (2%). O controle fitossanit?rio seguiu as normas da agricultura org?nica. As ervas espont?neas foram controladas por meio de cobertura vegetal (biomassa da crotal?ria) e de ro?adas peri?dicas. Adotou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, sendo os tratamentos dispostos em parcelas subdivididas. Avaliaram-se as concentra??es de leite integral (0,0%, 5% e 10%) + calda bordalesa 1% (subparcelas), dentro de seis densidades de cultivo diferentes (1667, 2167, 2667, 3167, 3667 e 4167 plantas.hectare-1). Com base nos resultados conclui-se que: a adi??o de leite de vaca cru ? calda bordalesa possibilita maior capacidade de controle da var?ola do mamoeiro, tanto nas folhas, quanto nos frutos; a mistura preparada com 10% de leite de vaca cru na calda bordalesa, propiciou a maior inibi??o dos sinais da var?ola do mamoeiro, tanto nas folhas, quanto nos frutos; analisando pelo aspecto vegetativo do mamoeiro, o maior efeito da adi??o do leite de vaca cru na calda bordalesa ocorre nas folhas mais novas; a medida em que se aumenta a dosagem de leite de vaca cru, de zero at? 10%, na calda bordalesa, aumenta-se, linearmente, a capacidade de controle da var?ola do mamoeiro, tanto nas folhas, quanto nos frutos; plantios menos adensados possibilitam menor ocorr?ncia da var?ola do mamoeiro, tanto nas folhas, quanto nos frutos, se comparados ?queles mais adensados; da densidade de plantio do mamoeiro de 1667 plantas.ha-1 at? 4167 plantas.ha-1 a severidade da var?ola do mamoeiro aumenta de maneira linear; a var?ola do mamoeiro progride, exponencialmente, de baixo para cima e/ou das folhas mais velhas para as mais novas; a parte do fruto, preso ainda na planta, mais exposta aos fatores externos, ? a mais acometida pela var?ola do mamoeiro, se comparado com a parte voltada para o caule da mesma; analisando pelo aspecto reprodutivo do mamoeiro, o maior efeito da adi??o do leite de vaca cru na calda bordalesa ? notado na face menos exposta do fruto; e, mamoeiros com as folhas mais infectadas pela var?ola produzir?o frutos tamb?m mais acometidos por esta doen?a.
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Lorenzoni, Laura. "The influence of local rivers on the eastern cariaco basin, Venezuela." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001152.
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Pastore, Remi Luís. "Variedades crioulas de figueiras (Ficus carica L.): etnoconhecimento e manejo da ferrugem (Cerotelium fici Cast.)." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2014. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1194.
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Previous issue date: 2014-06-27The objectives of the survey and typing traditional orchards subsistence containing fig plants in rural and urban perimeter Catarina were performing. Characterize the roughness of the fig tree clones and evaluate the use of homeopathic preparations in fig rust control in organic production systems. The metodology used for the survey and location of fig germplasm nigger were held through technical visits. We conducted 43 interviews with semi-structured questionnaire, rising information about the history, potential use, ways to use the fruit and procedures for management of fig. For characterization of resistance expedriments were conducted at the Experimental Station of the Agriocultural Research and Rural Extension, Lages, SC and the Federal Institute of Santa Catarina Concord Campus, in the period 2013/2014. The experiments consisted of evaluation of 35 clones in four replication, with and experimental ploto f fours plants, the revews were incidence and severity of rust on the leaves fortnightly. The study wth the use of homeopathic preparations was conducted in the greenhouse and the field at trhe Federal Institute of Santa Catarina Concord Campus, SC, in two cropping cycles, 2012/2014. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications, the field and eight replicates in a greenhouse. The homeopatic treatments were prepared: Belladonna, Ferrum fosforicum, Aconitum napelus and biotherapic of fig leaves, all in CH12 (twelfth order of Hahnemann s centesimal dolution), Bordeaux mixture 0.2% and 0.3% sulfue syruo. Witnesses were water and non-intervention. It was found that the cultivation of the fig tree is associated with the lemon, orange, bergamoteiras, vines, peac, persimmon and plum trees in backyards, near the home. Phytosanitary problems were repprted by 86% of respondentes in rural areas and 14% in the urban áreas. All respondentes (43) figs intended for personal use and also sells only one. The age of the plants of figs were between 8-65 years. Two accessions of purple figs and two accessions of fine purple fig showed less incidence and severity ofrust on the leaves. The availability of Creoles genotypes resistance to rust offers potential for use on a comercial scale in the locations studies. In the greenhouse, fig treated with Belladonna 12CH, 0.2% Bordeaux misture and lime súlfur to 0.3% showed less senescence and showed the lowest área under the disease progress curve. The field, fig treated with Belladonna 12CH, 0.2% Bordeaux mixture and lime súlfur to 0.3% also showed the lowest área under the disease progress curve and a lower incidence of rust average of seven ecaluations. Holders of knowledge about the cultivation and use of fig fruits are prevalente in the elderly. There Creoles genptypes high resistance rust. Belladonna and nosode rust were equivalente to Bordeaux mixture in most trials in the management of rust fig
Este estudo teve objetivo de reconhecer germoplasma crioulo de figo, o conhecimento associado e avaliar a resistência da figueira e uso de preparados homeopáticos no manejo da ferrugem. A localização e levantamento de germoplasma de figo crioulo foram realizadas através de visitas técnicas a área rural no Oeste Catarinense e urbana de Lages. Realizou-se 43 entrevistas com questionário semi-estruturado, levantandose informações sobre o histórico, potencial de uso, formas de utilização do fruto e procedimentos de manejo de figueiras. Para caracterização de resistência experimentos foram realizados na Estação Experimental da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural, Lages, SC e no Instituto Federal Catarinense Campus Concórdia, no período de 2013/2014. Os experimentos constaram de avaliação de 35 clones em quatro repetições, sendo a parcela experimental de quatro plantas. As avaliações foram quinzenais de incidência e severidade de ferrugem nas folhas. O estudo com uso de preparados homeopáticos foi realizado em casa de vegetação e a campo no Instituto Federal Catarinense Campus Concórdia, SC, em dois ciclos de cultivo de 2012 a 2014. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, a campo, e oito repetições, em casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos foram os preparados homeopáticos: Belladonna, Ferrum fosforicum, Aconitum napelus, e bioterápico de folhas de figueiras, todas na CH12 (décima segunda ordem de diluição centesimal hahnemanniana). Calda bordalesa a 0,2% e calda sulfocalcica a 0,3% foram os tratamentos padrão. Testemunhas foram a água e não intervenção. Verificou-se que o cultivo da figueira está associado, a limoeiros, laranjeiras, bergamoteiras, videiras, pessegueiros, caquizeiros e ameixeiras em quintais, próximos às residências. Problemas fitossanitários foram reportados por 86% dos entrevistados na área rural e 14% no perímetro urbano. Todos os entrevistados (43) destinam os figos para consumo próprio e apenas um também comercializa. A idade das plantas de figos foi entre 8 a 65 anos. Dois acessos de figo roxo e dois acessos de figo roxo fino mostraram menos incidência e severidade de ferrugem nas folhas. A disponibilidade de genótipos crioulos resistentes a ferrugem oferece potencial de uso em escala comercial nos locais estudados. Em casa de vegetação, figueiras tratadas com Belladonna 12CH, calda bordalesa a 0,2% e calda sulfocálcica a 0,3% apresentaram menor senescência e apresentaram menor índice de área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença. A campo, figueiras tratadas com Belladonna 12CH, calda bordalesa a 0,2% e calda sulfocálcica a 0,3% também apresentaram menor índice de área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença e menor incidência da ferrugem, média das sete avaliações. Detentores do conhecimento sobre o cultivo e uso de frutos de figo são predominantes de terceira idade. Belladonna e Nosódio da ferrugem foram equivalentes a calda bordalesa na maioria dos ensaios no manejo da ferrugem da figueira
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Silva, Francisco Limeira da. "Ambience and biofertilization in organic cultivation of figs, in semi-arid conditions." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8903.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoThis study aimed to identify cultivation techniques with biofertilizer in greenhouse and open field with fig culture in Limoeiro do Norte-CE, including three production cycles, from October 2010 to December 2011. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plot with four replications. Treatments included a combination of 3 cultivation environments: greenhouse (EST), trellis (LT) and open field (CA), which constituted the plots with 4 treatments in sub plots, consisting of 4 concentrations (biofertilizer: water) in the following way : T0 (0% biofertilizer: 100% water); T1 (20% biofertilizer: 80% water), T2 (40% biofertilizer: 60% water), T3 (60% biofertilizer: 40% water), in which there were applied 3,0 L of biofertilizer per plant every 15 days. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and when significant by F test, average tests were conducted by the tukey test at 5% probability and those concerning to biofertilizer levels were submitted to regression analysis. The amount of N in the leaf dry matter increased 19%, 21% and 11%, with the growth in biofertilizer doses, for three cycles, respectively. As for P and K, increments were 25.0%, 7.0% and 13% and 12.6%, 10.5% and 29.4%, respectively, following the cycles. In the first cycle there was no significant difference between the average yield of 10.44 and 10.14 t ha-1 observed in the LT and in the EST, respectively, but they were statistically higher to that one obtained in CA with 9.62 t ha-1. In the second cycle environment did not affect significantly the variable productivity. In the third cycle the LT showed fruit yield of 6.47 t ha-1, significantly higher than those detected in EST and in CA with 4.37 and 3.81 t h-1, respectively. As for the total yield there was no significant difference between the averages 18.83 and 18.27 t ha-1, obtained in the EST and in the CA, respectively, however, they were statistically lower than that one obtained in the TL with 22.49 t ha-1. Based on the analysis of the three cycles, it can be stated as a general conclusion, that there is viability of fig organic cultivation with biofertilizer in protected low-cost type trellis, in the semiarid. And as specific conclusions, it can be stated that: the maximum temperature in the trellis environment is up to 3.1 oC lower than the one in the greenhouse, but up to 1.7 oC higher than that one observed in the open field; the relative humidity in the open atmosphere is up to 4.1% higher than the one in the greenhouse, and up to 3.7% higher than the one in the trellis. Water consumption in the trellis represented 87.3% of the registered in open field, but it was 16.4% higher of the registered in the greenhouse; plants grown in protected fields showed higher growth especially those grown in greenhouses; the biofertilizer applied to the soil increased the N, P2O5 and K2O concentration in the leaf dry matter and the 60% dose was the one that provided the best nutritional adequacy for the plant; the fruit weight, the fruit yield per plant and the fruit yield increased with the growth of biofertilizer dose applied to the soil and showed greater increases in plants grown on trellis; cultivation under greenhouse conditions allowed increased productivity and diseases more efficient control, especially rust; yields decreased in the second and third cycles due to LAI increase observed in these two cycles compared to the first one.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar tÃcnicas de cultivo com biofertilizante em ambiente protegido e a campo aberto com a cultura do figo em Limoeiro do Norte, CE, contemplando trÃs ciclos de produÃÃo, no perÃodo de outubro de 2010 a dezembro de 2011. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas, com 4 repetiÃÃes. Os tratamentos consistiram da combinaÃÃo de 03 ambientes de cultivo, estufa (EST), latada (LT) e campo aberto (CA), que constituÃram as parcelas, com 4 tratamentos nas sub parcelas, constituÃdos de 04 concentraÃÃes (biofertilizante:Ãgua) na seguinte forma: T0 (0% de biofertilizante : 100% de Ãgua); T1 (20% de biofertilizante : 80% de Ãgua); T2 (40% de biofertilizante : 60% de Ãgua); T3 (60% de biofertilizante : 40% de Ãgua), onde aplicaram-se 3,0L da soluÃÃo biofertilizante por planta a cada 15 dias. Os dados foram submetidos à anÃlise de variÃncia e quando significativos pelo teste F, realizaram-se testes de mÃdias pelo teste de tukey a 5% de probabilidade e os referentes aos nÃveis de biofertilizante foram submetidos à anÃlise de regressÃo. Os teores de N na matÃria seca foliar aumentaram em 19%, 21% e 11%, com o crescimento das doses de biofertilizante, para os trÃs ciclos, respectivamente. Quanto ao P e o K os incrementos foram de 25,0 %, 7,0 % e 13 % e de 12,6%, 10,5% e 29,4%, respectivamente, na sequÃncia dos ciclos. No primeiro ciclo nÃo houve diferenÃa significativa entre as produtividades mÃdias de 10,44 e 10,14 t ha-1 verificadas na LT e na EST, respectivamente, mas que foram estatisticamente superiores à obtida em CA com 9,62 t ha-1. No segundo ciclo o ambiente nÃo influenciou significativamente a variÃvel produtividade. Jà no terceiro ciclo a LT apresentou rendimento de fruto de 6,47 t ha-1, significativamente superior aos detectados na EST e a CA com 4,37 e 3,81 t h-1, respectivamente. Quanto ao rendimento total nÃo houve diferenÃa significativa entre as mÃdias 18,83 e 18,27 t ha-1 desta obtidas na EST e a CA, respectivamnte, contudo, foram estatisticamente inferiores à obtida na LT, com 22,49 t ha-1. Com base na anÃlise dos trÃs ciclos, pode-se afirmar, como conclusÃo geral, que hà viabilidade de cultivo orgÃnico de figo com biofertilizante em ambiente protegido de baixo custo, tipo latada, no semiÃrido. E como conclusÃes especÃficas podem-se afirmar que: a temperatura mÃxima do ar no ambiente latada à inferior em atà 3,1 oC em relaÃÃo a estufa, mas superior em atà 1,7 oC à observada a campo aberto; a umidade relativa do ar no ambiente campo aberto à superior em atà 4,1% em relaÃÃo a estufa, e em atà 3,7 % à observada na latada. O consumo de Ãgua na latada representou 87,3% do registrado a campo aberto, mas foi superior em 16,4% ao registrado na estufa; plantas cultivadas nos ambientes protegidos apresentaram maior crescimento com destaque para as cultivadas em estufa; o biofertilizante aplicado ao solo incrementou a concentraÃÃo de N, P2O5 e K2O na matÃria seca foliar e a dose de 60% foi a que proporcionou a melhor adequaÃÃo nutricional à planta; o peso de fruto, a produÃÃo de fruto por planta e o rendimento de fruto, aumentaram com o crescimento da dose de biofertilizante aplicada ao solo e apresentaram maiores incrementos em plantas cultivadas na latada; o cultivo sob condiÃÃes de ambiente protegido possibilitou o aumento da produtividade e o controle mais eficiente de doenÃas, especialmente a ferrugem; as produtividades diminuiram no segundo e no terceiro ciclos em funÃÃo do aumento do IAF observado nestes dois ciclos em relaÃÃo ao primeiro.
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Barreto, Alysson Santos. "Estudo da viabilidade de materiais metal-orgânicos como sorvente alternativo para a extração de pesticidas em mamão (Carica papaya) por MSPD." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2011. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6155.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoPesticides of different chemical and toxicological classes are used to control the pest attack on crops. However, treatment with these substances leave residues in the environment or the product itself, when used extensively, disregarding the ceilings set by law. The materials conventionally used in steps of extraction and preconcentration of pesticides in environmental matrices have a limited adsorption capacity or have low selectivity for specific analytes. Therefore, this study investigated the feasibility of metal-organic materials (MMO) as an alternative sorbent for the extraction of contaminants in papaya (Carica papaya). Such compounds form a new class of hybrid materials organic-inorganic porous stable, ordered, high surface area, which enables its application as pre-concentrators analytes and also in gas storage, molecular recognition and adsorption. The molecular formulas suggested for metal-organic materials were synthesized ∞[(La0,9Eu0,1)2(DPA)3(H2O)3], for the heteronuclear compound, and ∞[Eu(C14H4O8)(C2O4)3(H2O)2] for the homonuclear compound. The ligand coordination Na4ntc with Eu+3 ion in the homonuclear material occurred through the oxygen atoms of carboxylate groups attached to aromatic ring. In the case of heteronuclear compound, the ligand is coordinated to the metals H2DPA from the carboxylate oxygen atoms and nitrogen of pyridine. The luminescence spectroscopy studies of metal-organic material ∞[Eu(C14H4O8)(C2O4)3(H2O)2], indicated the presence of a single site symmetry around the lanthanide ion. Since the emission spectrum of ∞[(La0,9Eu0,1)2(DPA)3(H2O)3] indicated that the first coordination sphere of the metal has a low point group symmetry and has a single species broadcaster. According to data from X-ray diffraction single-crystal heteronuclear compound crystallized in monoclinic system with space group P21/c. The material formed a microporous threedimensional structure with channels that propagate along the crystallographic c axis. The extraction method developed enabled recovery of the pesticide pyrimethanil (52%). The elution solvent was chosen as ethyl acetate and the ratio matrix: adsorbent used was 1:3 (m / m).
Pesticidas de diferentes grupos químicos e classes toxicológicas são empregados para controlar o ataque das pragas às culturas. Porém, o tratamento com estas substâncias deixa resíduos no ambiente ou no próprio produto, quando utilizado de maneira extensiva, desrespeitando os limites máximos estabelecidos pelas legislações. Os materiais convencionalmente utilizados nas etapas de extração e pré-concentração de pesticidas em matrizes ambientais apresentam uma capacidade de adsorção limitada ou tem baixa seletividade para analitos específicos. Diante destes dados, este trabalho teve como meta básica estudar a viabilidade de materiais metal-orgânicos (MMO) como um sorvente alternativo para a extração de contaminantes em mamão (Carica papaya). Tais compostos formam uma nova classe de materiais híbridos porosos orgânico-inorgânico estáveis, ordenados e com alta área superficial, o que possibilita sua aplicação como pré-concentradores de analitos e também em estocagem de gás, reconhecimento molecular e adsorção. As fórmulas moleculares sugeridas para os materiais metal-orgânicos sintetizados foram ∞[(La0,9Eu0,1)2(DPA)3(H2O)3], para o composto heteronuclear, e ∞[Eu(C14H4O8)(C2O4)3(H2O)2], para o composto homonuclear. Através dos dados dos espectros de IV a coordenação do ligante Na4ntc com o íon Eu+3 no material homonuclear ocorreu através dos átomos de oxigênio dos grupos carboxilatos ligados ao anel aromático. No caso do composto heteronuclear, o ligante H2DPA se coordenou aos metais a partir dos átomos de oxigênio dos carboxilatos e do nitrogênio do anel piridínico. Os estudos de espectroscopia de luminescência do material metal-orgânico [Eu(C14H4O8)(C2O4)3(H2O)2]∞, indicam a presença de um único sítio de simetria em torno do íon lantanídeo. Já o espectro de emissão do ∞[(La0,9Eu0,1)2(DPA)3(H2O)3] evidenciam que a primeira esfera de coordenação do metal possui grupo pontual de baixa simetria e a apresenta uma única espécie emissora. Os dados de difração de raios-X de monocristal o composto heteronuclear indicam que a cristalização ocorre em sistema monoclínico com grupo espacial P21/c. O material formou uma estrutura tridimensional com canais microporosos que se propagam ao longo do eixo c cristalográfico. O método de extração desenvolvido possibilitou recuperação do pesticida pirimetanil (52%). O solvente de eluição escolhido foi o acetato de etila e a proporção matriz:adsorvente utilizada foi 1:3 (m/m).
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LURAGHI, ANDREA. "Rational drug design and synthesis of new steroid derivatives for the treatment of chronic heart failure." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/302116.
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L’insufficienza cardiaca è una sindrome di grande rilevanza clinica nella quale il muscolo cardiaco non è in grado di pompare il sangue efficacemente nel corpo. Per il trattamento dei pazienti si ricorre, principalmente, ai glicosidi cardiaci o digitalici come la digossina, che svolgono la loro azione inibendo la pompa Na+/K+ e, conseguentemente, aumentando la concentrazione del calcio, favorendo una migliore contrazione. Il calcio viene però accumulato in alte concentrazioni nella cellula provocando nei pazienti cronici aritmie che possono portare, comunque, alla morte del paziente.
Pertanto, lo scopo di questa tesi tesi è stato quello di sintetizzare nuovi candidati farmaci (drug leads) per il trattamento dell’insufficienza cardiaca che abbiano la stessa attività dei digitalici con indice terapeutico maggiore e minor tossicità, garantendo l’assenza di aritmie nei pazienti cronici.
Il disegno delle molecole realizzate durante il periodo di tesi è partito dalla struttura chimica della molecola istaroxime: questo composto è attualmente in fase clinica III come farmaco cardiaco. Istaroxime è in grado di inibire efficacemente la pompa Na+/K+ evitando, allo stesso tempo, la comparsa di aritmie grazie alla sua azione stimolante su SERCA-2°, una proteina di membrana in grado di sequestrare il calcio citosolico durante il rilassamento cardiaco. Lo studio dei metaboliti di istaroxime ha portato all’identificazione di una molecola in cui il gruppo amminico della catena sull’ossima è stato ossidato a carbossile. Questa molecola, cosiddetta “PST3093”, è in grado di attivare selettivamente SERCA-2a senza inibire, invece, la pompa Na+/K+.
Attualmente, questo composto costituisce l’unico candidato farmaco in grado di stimolare il rilassamento cardiaco evitando la comparsa di aritmie. Tuttavia, sia istaroxime che il suo metabolita presentano delle criticità legate alla presenza della funzionalità ossima, a cui è associata una componente genotossica nei trattamenti cronici.
Pertanto, sono stati sintetizzate due classi di molecole, la prima ispirata a PST3093 in cui il gruppo funzionale responsabile della tossicità è stato rimosso. Queste molecole sono caratterizzate da un innovativo meccanismo di azione, in grado di stimolare efficacemente e selettivamente la proteina SERCA2a. In questa sezione sono state identificate due molecole come possibili candidati farmaci con e si sta procedendo con il loro sviluppo clinico. Il loro meccanismo di azione unico e non noto in letteratura, rappresenta un passo avanti verso lo sviluppo di nuove terapie contro l’aritmia.
Nella seconda sezione, invece, i composti sintetizzati sono ispirati ad istaroxime. Qui, per evitare la degradazione dell’ammina primaria ad acido carbossilico, è stata costruita una libreria di composti caratterizzati dalla presenza di una ammina ciclica. In questa sezione i composti hanno dimostrato di possedere sia capacità inibitorie sulla pompa Na/K che stimolatorie su SERCA2a ma con minor potenza rispetto ad istaroxime. Tuttavia, questi composti non posseggono le tossicità intrinseca di istaroxime.
Per proseguire nello sviluppo di queste molecole, nella terza sezione, realizzata in collaborazione con la Maastricht University, un sistema di drug delivery è stato realizzato grazie a processi di elettrofilatura. L’analisi preliminare di sistemi modello ha portato all’identificazione di sistemi polimerici composti da nanofibre ad alto grado di allineamento capaci di rilasciare nel medio studiato piccole quantità di molecole nel tempo, capaci di espletare la loro azione farmaceutica a livello locale, diminuendo i rischi associati al metabolismo di istaroxime. Questa sezione rappresenta l’inizio di uno sviluppo tecnologico volto al miglioramento della azione di istaroxime senza modificarne la struttura chimica.Heart failure (HF) is one of the major causes of death in the world. Patients affected by HF presents a pathophysiological state in which the heart is not cable of pumping the blood efficiently in the body due to a loss of contractility of the myocardium, leading to a chronic condition in which oxygen and nutritional need of the body are not satisfied. The most important therapy involves inotropic agents, such as digitals glycosides, capable of improving the cardiac output. The most known digitalis glycoside is Digoxin extracted from Digitalis purpurea. Such compounds acts as inhibitor of the Na+/K+ pump, an active transporter capable of expelling Na+ from the cardiac cells introducing K+ against the natural gradient. The inhibition causes an accumulation of Na+ inside the cell. Sodium is so used from the Na+/Ca++ pump to introduce Ca++ inside the cell. The high concentrations of Ca++ accumulated inside cardiac cells induce contraction of the myocardium. However, digitalis compounds present a small gap between the active concentration and the toxic one. In fact, the over intracellular accumulation for long periods of Ca++ could leads to arrhythmic situations. At today is known only one compound able to stimulate a better contraction without causing arrhythmias, such molecule, called “Istaroxime”. Istaroxime is now under development for the treatment of acute decompensated heart failure. Detailed studies highlighted that a metabolite of Istaroxime, the so-called “PST3093”, acts as a pure activator of SERCA-2a, a protein able to sequestrate Ca2+ from the cytosol, without any action on Na+/K+ pump. PST3093 is the only example in the literature of a pure SERCA-2a activator, making an interesting case of study and a possible first in class drug. Despite the promising activity and the unique characteristic of this compound, there is still the main issue due to the genotoxicity of the carboxy-hydroxylamine formed after oxime degradation by metabolism. Within this thesis, the work can be roughly divided in three parts. In the first part, the work is focused on the development of stable derivatives of “PST3093”, able to maintain the unique stimulatory effect over Serca-2a but, at the same time, substituting the non-metabolically stable oxime. Two compounds were identified, and will be further developed as first-in-class drugs, able to efficiently stimulate the activity of Serca-2a with potential application as anti-arrhythmic drugs. The second section is focused on the creation of compounds inspired to Istaroxime, able to acts as Na+/K+ inhibitors and Serca-2a stimulator. Here we developed analogues of Istaroxime, lacking the risks associated to the oxime group. The third section was developed in MERLN institute of Maastricht University. In this part of the work was developed a drug delivery systems based on electrospun polymeric scaffolds, able to deliver locally the drug reducing its toxicity.
Books on the topic "Carico organico"
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Badger, Terry, and Chris Segrin. Female Caregivers of Male Cancer Patients (DRAFT). Edited by Youngmee Kim and Matthew J. Loscalzo. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190462253.003.0007.
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The diagnosis and treatment of cancer is a relationship, rather than an individual problem, because there is a patient and often an informal caregiver. In terms of male cancer patients and their female caregivers, this is most often studied in the context of prostate cancer patients and their female caregivers. Concepts from the stress process model are used to organize research findings on the women caring for their male partners with cancer. This review illustrates how different contexts of care, primary objective stressors, and resources can all contribute to the primary subjective stressors (e.g., quality of life, relationship problems, role demands) experienced by dyads in this context. Interventions to help caregivers as well as directions for clinical practice and future research are discussed.
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Jana, Laura A., and Jennifer Shu. Heading Home With Your Newborn. 2nd ed. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781581105377.
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Named "one of the best guides to the first year of your baby's life" by Parents magazine! Now in a fully-updated second edition, Heading Home with Your Newborn has everything new and expectant parents need to know about caring for baby in the first few months after birth. Written by two pediatricians who are also parents, this awarding-winning guide covers feeding, sleeping, changing, bathing, dressing, traveling, sickness, child care options, and much more. The second edition features new chapters on vaccines and choosing a child care provider, plus a robust new section devoted to early learning, with chapters on baby brain basics, baby sign language, fun and games, books and babies, the sounds of music, and the effects of media on the very young. Also included is new or updated information on car seats, safe sleep, cord blood, what to keep in your medicine cabinet, postpartum depression, vitamin D, organic formulas, disposable vs. cloth diapers, newborn hearing screening, and more. With wit and humor, Drs. Shu and Jana allay the feelings of anxiety, guilt, and inadequacy that inevitably plague first-time parents home alone with a newborn, providing authoritative yet compassionate advice for the sleep-deprived and overwhelmed!
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Eckert, Cornelia, and Ana Luiza C. da Rocha. Tempo e memória ambiental: etnografia da duração das paisagens citadinas. ABA Publicações, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.48006/978-65-5973-032-2-1.
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Esta coletânea reúne 12 capítulos que destacam o tema da memória ambiental tendo por base pesquisas antropológicas em contextos urbanos. Nosso desafio é o de propor, em termos teóricos e metodológicos, uma etnografia da duração, inspiração que concebemos a partir da leitura da obra de Gaston Bachelard, aplicada aos estudos das paisagens urbanas. Para consagrar este tema, caro ao projeto Banco de Imagens e Efeitos Visuais vinculado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, coordenado pelas organiza-doras, participam deste livro pesquisadores vinculados atualmente ou no passado recente ao BIEV, bem como colegas parceiros da Universidade de Geórgia (EUA), que atuam no Laborató-rio de Mudanças Ambientais. Estes textos inéditos, correspondem ao desafio etnográfico de mer-gulhar nas múltiplas imagens dos/das citadinos/as que contribuem para moldar os pensamentos e as ações do seu ser e estar no mundo, no interior de uma narrativa de si no “Tempo”. DOI livro - Tempo e memória ambiental -
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Belvedresi, Rosa Elena, ed. Introducción a la filosofía de la historia. Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (EDULP), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35537/10915/53681.
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Nos proponemos con este texto acompañar al estudiante que cursa la asignatura Filosofía de la Historia. El libro está estructurado en cuatro capítulos, una introducción y una conclusión, que siguen el programa vigente, acompañados en cada caso de una mínima selección bibliográfica tomada de la que se utiliza durante el dictado de la materia. Organiza y presenta los problemas y autores que se abordan a lo largo de la cursada, con una escritura que a la par de rigurosa presenta, también, de manera precisa y concisa algunas de las cuestiones más complejas con las que los estudiantes se enfrentarán al abordar los problemas clásicos y actuales de la filosofía de la historia. Este libro es el resultado del trabajo del equipo docente que está a cargo de la materia desde 2000 en el Departamento de Filosofía de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata: los profesores Rosa E. Belvedresi y Adrián Ercoli. A quienes se han sumado Luis M. Lorenzo, Juan I. Veleda y Alejandro Sepúlveda, jóvenes graduados que han realizado sus experiencias de inicio en la investigación como adscriptos en nuestra cátedra. Esperamos que el libro pueda contribuir al acceso inicial y amigable a la problemática de la filosofía de la historia y que resulte una invitación para seguir investigando.
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Lamim, Adriele Ribeiro dos Santos, and Salete Linhares Queiroz. Investigação Qualitativa em Educação: Avanços e Desafios / Investigación en Educación: Avances y Desafios. Ludomedia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.12.2022.e595.
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Introdução: A argumentação é uma habilidade fundamental para a vida em sociedade, estando presente em diversos contextos cotidianos e no ensino de ciências, com o qual contribui significativamente. Desse modo, sua inserção na educação em química é cada vez mais recorrente, sendo reportada em diversos trabalhos. Assim, uma produção acadêmica expressiva sobre o assunto tem sido observada, a qual carece de estudos para organizá-la e identificar suas tendências, lacunas e potenciais contribuições. Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em identificar e analisar as publicações em periódicos brasileiros sobre argumentação na educação em química, ocorridas no período de 2000 a 2020. Métodos: Para tal, foram selecionados periódicos A1, A2, B1 e B2 das áreas de Ensino e Educação do programa Qualis da CAPES cujos títulos reportavam ao ensino de ciências. Em tais revistas foram empregados como termos de busca os vocábulos químicas e argumentação, os quais deveriam estar presente nos títulos, resumos e/ou palavras-chave dos trabalhos. Foram obtidos 27 artigos que possuíam estrita relação com a temática investigada, que foram classificados de acordo com seu ano de publicação, nível de escolaridade e foco temático privilegiado. Resultados: Constatou-se que as publicações identificadas tiveram início em 2005, atingindo seu ápice nos anos de 2019 e 2020. Ainda, os níveis escolares privilegiados foram o ensino médio e o superior, enquanto que os principais focos temáticos dos trabalhos foram o emprego de estratégias para promover a argumentação e sua inserção na formação de professores. Conclusões: Os resultados mostraram que investigações sobre a temática encontram-se em franco crescimento e que diferentes aspectos da argumentação têm sido explorados pelos pesquisadores da área. Entretanto, a escassez de estudos direcionados ao ensino fundamental é uma lacuna a ser superada.
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Balance de las tendencias democráticas en América Latina y el Caribe antes y durante la pandemia de la COVID-19. Instituto Internacional para la Democracia y la Asistencia Electoral, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31752/idea.2020.69.
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Esta edición de In Focus sobre El estado de la democracia en el mundo es una reflexión preliminar que el IDEA Internacional ofrece como insumo para la reflexión respecto al impacto de la pandemia de la COVID-19, a 10 meses de su aparición, sobre la democracia en América Latina y el Caribe. Principales hechos y hallazgos • En materia democrática, la región también padecía, ya antes de la pandemia, de serias debilidades. Algunos países sufrían procesos de erosión y retroceso democrático, y otros de fragilidad y debilidad democrática. En general, la confianza en la democracia había venido disminuyendo de manera constante durante la década anterior al inicio de la pandemia. El descontento ciudadano con la democracia culminó con una ola de protestas en varios países de la región a finales de 2019. • La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha golpeado severamente a América Latina y el Caribe (ALC), una región asediada por problemas estructurales no resueltos, tales como una alta tasa de delincuencia y violencia, fragmentación y polarización política, pobreza y desigualdad, corrupción y debilidad de los Estados. • Reformas políticas y socioeconómicas, largamente pospuestas en la región, han agravado las crisis económicas y de salud pública provocadas por la pandemia. Esta situación, junto con la implementación de medidas restrictivas a los derechos fundamentales para contener la propagación del coronavirus, han incrementado el riesgo de afianzar o exacerbar aún más las preocupantes tendencias que presentaba la democracia en la región antes de la pandemia de la COVID-19. • Los desafíos para la democracia en la región durante la pandemia incluyen: el aplazamiento de procesos electorales; uso excesivo de la fuerza policial para hacer cumplir medidas de restricción con el fin de contener la pandemia; uso de las fuerzas armadas para llevar a cabo tareas civiles; delincuencia y violencia persistentes; nuevos peligros para el derecho a la privacidad; aumentos en la desigualdad de género y la violencia doméstica; nuevos riesgos para los grupos vulnerables; acceso limitado a la justicia; restricciones a la libertad de expresión; abuso de los poderes ejecutivos; supervisión parlamentaria reducida; polarización política y enfrentamientos entre instituciones democráticas; nuevas oportunidades para la corrupción; y una ciudadanía descontenta y socialmente movilizada que rechaza las formas tradicionales de representación política. • A pesar de los desafíos, la crisis actual ofrece una oportunidad histórica para redefinir los términos de los contratos sociales en la región y para que los gobiernos piensen de manera innovadora sobre cómo abrir espacios de diálogo y participación ciudadana para construir sociedades más inclusivas, sostenibles e interconectadas, así como sistemas democráticos de gobierno más responsables, transparentes y eficientes. Por su parte, la revisión del estado de la democracia durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 en el 2020 se organiza a lo largo de los cinco atributos de democracia antes mencionados y utiliza un análisis cualitativo y datos sobre eventos y tendencias recopilados en la región a través del Monitor global del impacto de la COVID-19 sobre la democracia y los derechos humanos de IDEA Internacional, una iniciativa cofinanciada por la Unión Europea.
Book chapters on the topic "Carico organico"
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Coble, Paula G., and Robert B. Gagosian. "The Nature and Distribution of Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter in the Black Sea and the Cariaco Trench." In Black Sea Oceanography, 361–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2608-3_22.
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"7. Health Practices, Psychosocial Distress, and Organic Disease." In Caring for Patients, 96–111. Stanford University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781503615496-010.
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Daly, Blánaid, Paul Batchelor, Elizabeth Treasure, and Richard Watt. "Sugars and caries prevention." In Essential Dental Public Health. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199679379.003.0017.
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Dental caries remains the single most important oral condition treated by the dental profession on a daily basis. From a public health perspective, the prevention of caries is still therefore a major challenge. As outlined in Chapter 4 , before effective prevention can be delivered the cause of the condition needs to be fully understood. In addition, the disease process should be clear. This chapter will review the evidence on the aetiology of dental caries and present an overview of preventive measures that can be adopted at an individual clinical level, as well as community wide. Dental caries occurs because of demineralization of enamel and dentine structure by organic acids formed by oral bacteria present in dental plaque through the anaerobic metabolism of dietary sugars. The caries process is influenced by the susceptibility of the tooth surface, the bacterial profile, the quantity and quality of saliva, and the presence of fluoride which promotes remineralization and inhibits the demineralization of the tooth structure. Caries is a dynamic process involving alternating periods of demineralization and remineralization. However, the majority of lesions in permanent teeth advance relatively slowly, with an average lesion taking at least 3 years to progress through enamel to dentine (Mejare et al. 1998). In populations with low DMF/dmf levels, the majority of carious lesions are confined to the occlusal surfaces of the molar teeth. At higher DMF/dmf levels, smooth surfaces may also be affected by caries (Sheiham and Sabbah 2010). Many different terms have been used to name and classify sugars. This has caused a degree of confusion amongst both the general public and health professionals. In recognition of this, an expert UK government committee—Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy (COMA)—has recommended a revised naming system, which has now become the standard classification of sugars in the UK (Department of Health 1989). The COMA classification is based upon where the sugar molecules are located within the food or drink structure. Intrinsic sugars are found inside the cell structure of certain unprocessed foodstuffs, the most important being whole fruits and vegetables (containing mainly fructose, glucose, and sucrose).
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Davis, Juliet. "Conclusion." In The Caring City, 189–97. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529201215.003.0010.
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Throughout this book, I have shown that urban design offers a valuable lens for understanding how societies place and organize care. But I have also shown how urban design is key to addressing issues of care in contemporary cities worldwide, issues that span the changing place of care in contemporary society, the impacts of urban change on wellbeing and flourishing and the degradation of environments in the Anthropocene. To briefly recap, across the book’s substantive chapters, I have focussed on the potential for urban design to perform care through the placing and staging of care relations, the making of accessible urban places, the shaping of atmospheres both affective and aerographic, strategies enabling ongoing attunement through materiality to the changing contexts and contingencies of caringscapes, the cultivation of positive place-attachments and through care for the resources of a common world shared across the generations. Between them, these chapters and themes embrace all the dimensions of urban design that Carmona (2021) identifies, from the social to the perceptual, morphological, functional and temporal. These dimensions, though not always picked out explicitly, weave through all the chapters. The case study analyses have also explored the significance of design governance for care relations and practices.
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Deery, C., and K. J. Toumba. "Diagnosis and prevention of dental caries." In Paediatric Dentistry. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789277.003.0015.
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Almost all research on the process of dental caries supports the chemoparasitic theory proposed by W.D. Miller in 1890. This is now more commonly known as the acidogenic theory of caries aetiology. The main features of the caries process are as follows. 1. Fermentation of carbohydrate to organic acids by micro-organisms in plaque on the tooth surface. 2. Acid production, which lowers the pH at the enamel surface below the level (the critical pH) at which enamel will dissolve. 3. When carbohydrate is no longer available to the plaque microorganisms, the pH within plaque will rise because of the outward diffusion of acids and their metabolism and neutralization in plaque, so that remineralization of enamel can occur; 4. Dental caries progresses only when the balance between demineralization and remineralization favours the former. The realization that demineralization and remineralization are in equilibrium is key to understanding the dynamics of the carious lesion and its prevention. One of the interesting features of an initial carious lesion of the enamel is that the lesion is subsurface, i.e. most of the mineral loss occurs beneath a relatively intact enamel surface. This contrasts strongly with the histological appearance of enamel after a clean tooth surface has been exposed to acid, where the surface is etched and there is no subsurface lesion. This dissolution of the surface of enamel, or etching, is a feature of enamel erosion caused, among other things, by dietary acids. Therefore the carious process and erosion differ completely, as erosion is a surface phenomenon. The explanation for the intact surface layer in enamel caries seems to lie in diffusion dynamics: the layer of dental plaque on the tooth surface acts as a partial barrier to diffusion. Further erosion occurs at much lower pH values (pH <4) than caries. Dental plaque forms on uncleaned tooth surfaces and is readily apparent if toothbrushing is stopped for 2–3 days. Contrary to popular opinion, plaque does not consist of food debris, but is a biofilm; 70% is comprised of micro-organisms—about 100 million organisms per milligram of plaque. When plaque is young cocci predominate, but as plaque ages the proportions of filamentous organisms and veillonellae increase.
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Chase, Arlen F., and Diane Z. Chase. "E Groups and the Rise of Complexity in the Southeastern Maya Lowlands." In Maya E Groups. University Press of Florida, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813054353.003.0002.
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How the ancient Maya used E Groups needs to be derived from the archaeological record. Research undertaken in the southeast Petén of Guatemala has revealed a concentration of over 150 E Groups in the area defined by Ceibal on the west, Caracol on the east, Esquipulas on the south, and the Central Petén lakes on the north. Excavated E Groups from Cenote, Uaxactún, Caracol, and Ixtonton can be used to help organize and understand these archaeological data and to show that the E Group structural assemblage is generally early within this region, dating primarily to the Late Preclassic Period (350 BCE-0 CE) and constituting the founding architecture for an unusual number of small communities in the southeast Petén. The size and structure of the eastern platform in these E Groups also appears to serve as a proxy for broader socio-political organization. Data from Caracol also suggests the importance of these architectural assemblages for temporal ritual associated with the 8th and 9th baktun cycles. Tenth cycle ritual use of these assemblages can also be seen at sites such as Ucanal, Seibal, and possibly Yaxha. Thus, E Groups can be linked to both the rise and denouement of Maya civilization.
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Nunes, Lucília Mateus, and Andreia Ferreri Cerqueira. "Training Models for Formal Caregivers of Elderly Persons at Home." In Handbook of Research on Health Systems and Organizations for an Aging Society, 226–46. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9818-3.ch017.
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The concern with the training models stems from our activity as teachers and researchers, recognizing the scenario of aging of the population, the need for policies and social and health responses, as well as the high relevance of training professionals to provide care for people in their homes and in the community. Thus, the authors organize the framework into topics that allow them to understand what underlies analysis and, of course, the proposals made at the end of the chapter. After presenting the national framework and a scooping review about what training models exist for professionals who provide care for the elderly at home, the authors discuss the findings and the lack of training models for professionals has become clear. So, supported by findings, they propose a training model, focusing in professional caregivers for elderly at home, and explore some trends related to technology support in the main objective of caring for and keeping the elderly persons in their homes, a kind of “caring-in-place” in a philosophy of aging-in-place.
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Nunes, Lucília Mateus, and Andreia Ferreri Cerqueira. "Training Models for Formal Caregivers of Elderly Persons at Home." In Research Anthology on Supporting Healthy Aging in a Digital Society, 158–78. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5295-0.ch011.
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The concern with the training models stems from our activity as teachers and researchers, recognizing the scenario of aging of the population, the need for policies and social and health responses, as well as the high relevance of training professionals to provide care for people in their homes and in the community. Thus, the authors organize the framework into topics that allow them to understand what underlies analysis and, of course, the proposals made at the end of the chapter. After presenting the national framework and a scooping review about what training models exist for professionals who provide care for the elderly at home, the authors discuss the findings and the lack of training models for professionals has become clear. So, supported by findings, they propose a training model, focusing in professional caregivers for elderly at home, and explore some trends related to technology support in the main objective of caring for and keeping the elderly persons in their homes, a kind of “caring-in-place” in a philosophy of aging-in-place.
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Chau, Ruby C. M., and Sam W. K. Yu. "4 Policy case studies: childcare leave measures and ECEC." In Women, Welfare and Productivism in East Asia and Europe, 69–95. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447357711.003.0004.
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This chapter presents childcare leave measures and ECEC as two policy case studies to show how government strategies on productivism affect people’s life-mix patterns. It shows how policy measures in these two domains can recognise, redistribute, reduce and reward paid work or informal care among men and women, and redistribute caring and financial responsibilities between the family and the state. By analysing the policy measures in these two domains in seven East Asian and European countries and territories, it is argued that generous and well-coordinated provision in these two policy domains can significantly increase the opportunity for parents of young children to organise their working and caring lives according to their life-mix preferences; whereas limited and weakly coordinated policy measures under these two domains may generate negative welfare outcomes, including life-mix material gaps (falls in the standard of living), life-mix relational constraints (taking up a role in care and work involuntarily) and user deficits (paying a high opportunity cost in using the services).
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Carlota Barrera-Ortega, Cecilia, America Rosalba Vazquez Olmos, Roberto Isaac Sato Berrú, and Pineda Dominguez Karla Itzel. "Application of Raman Spectroscopy for Dental Enamel Surface Characterization." In Infrared Spectroscopy - Perspectives and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108013.
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Dental enamel is the most complex and highly mineralized human body tissue, containing more than 95% of carbonated hydroxyapatite and less than 1% of organic matter. Current diagnostic methods for enamel caries detection are unable to detect incipient caries lesions. Many papers determine the re-mineralizing effect using many fluorinated compounds and different demineralizing solutions to test physical characterizations such as microhardness, roughness, wettability, among others, but there is not much information about the use of Raman Spectroscopy. Raman Spectroscopy is an efficient technique of chemical characterization to identify functional groups (phosphate-hydroxyl groups) found in the hydroxyapatite formula, which helps identify the level of mineralization on dental enamel surface. Raman spectroscopy is applicable to any state of aggregation of the material, indicated for biological samples. Given the minimum bandwidth of a laser source, as with all spectroscopic techniques that use a laser source, a small sample is sufficient, which makes it an important technique in the analysis of reactive products with very low yield. Raman spectroscopy can be used to obtain the main functional groups in order to determine the remineralization of dental enamel; these results are highly valuable as they can help us make the best decisions on dental treatments.
Conference papers on the topic "Carico organico"
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Vaychal, Dhanshree, Harshala Baddi, and Sandeep Waghulde. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SYNTHESIZED SILVER AND COPPER NANO-PARTICLES USING CARICA PAPAYA EXTRACT." In The 21st International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-21-04728.
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Do Carmo Ruaro Peralba, M., Barrionuevo, S., Kalkreuth, W., Lourenzi, R., Lawall, V., Roy, C., De Caumia, B., and Pakdel, H. "Vacuum Pyrolysis of Brazilian coal, peat and biomass - 2. Preliminary results from preparative liquid chromatography of bitumen extracted from feedstock and organic liquids generated from the vacuum p." In V Congresso Brasileiro de Carvão Mineral. Porto Alegre, Brazil: Rede de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação do Carvão Mineral Rede Carvão, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20906/cps/cbcm2017-0109.
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Pasmore, Tom A., J. Daniel Harper, Julian Talbot, and Hilary S. Lackritz. "Monte Carlo Simulations of Charge Transport in Polymers for Second Order Nonlinear Optics." In Organic Thin Films for Photonic Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/otfa.1993.wd.10.
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In order to obtain sufficient noncentrosymmetric Chromophore orientation to achieve second order nonlinear properties in a molecularly doped polymer, a very strong field must be applied during poling. The resultant charge transfer induced by the strong field behaves very differently from currents found in semiconductors or metals. A Monte Carlo simulation has been developed to model charge carriers moving through a poled polymer single layer film. The program consists of a lattice containing 36,000 hopping sites with a Gaussian distribution of site energies. The hopping behavior can be manipulated by changing input variables including the temperature, magnitude of the applied field, concentration of the chromophores, overlap parameter, and the Gaussian width of the distribution of site energies. We have also developed a simulation based a random distribution of sites instead of the lattice configuration, and are currently examining the relationship between energetic and positional disorder. We have constructed a preliminary charge transport model which can predict current as a function of the inputs, positional disorder and energetic disorder. Thus far, models available in the literature consider only charge migration in lattice based, semi-infinite crystals, which are not suitable for polymeric materials.
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Dorokhin, Sergey, Natalia Azarova, and V. Rud'. "TRANSPORT TELEMATICS AS A SINGLE INFORMATION SPACE." In Manager of the Year. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/my2021_33-38.
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as the development of innovative technologies accelerates, the requirements for cargo transportation increase. Telematics systems can provide the fastest and safest transportation, helping managers to organize the work of the enterprise as efficiently as possible.
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Najeeb, Mansoor Ani. "An Organic Field Effect Transistor Based Nano Biosensor for the Early Detection of Cardio Vascular Disease – The Most Common Death Causing Disease in Qatar." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2016.hbpp3333.
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Almeida, Tarcizio Souza de, Crisley Nara Bernardino Cunha, Nádia Larissa Souza Cemin, Wilma Helizabeta Horacek Melo, and Frances Tatiane Tavares Trindade. "EFEITOS DO HIPOTIREOIDISMO E SUAS MODIFICAÇÕES METABOLICAS NO ORGANISMO." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Estudos Patológicos On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/conbesp/43.
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Introdução: O hipotireoidismo é a baixa produção de hormônios pela glândula tireoide sendo eles a tiroxina e triiodotironina responsáveis pelas funções neurológicas, cardíacas e gastrointestinais. A deficiência desses hormônios está diretamente ligada ao metabolismo onde na diminuição deles leva-se a produção de tireotrofina ou tireotrópico que atuam na regulação dos hormônios tireoidianos, porém pode provocar uma baixa metabólica. Objetivo: Conceder conhecimentos sobre o hipotireoidismo e suas mudanças fisiológicas dentro do organismo. Material e métodos: Foi abordado neste estudo de forma explicativa, uma pesquisa embasada em bibliografias e fontes de pesquisas online como por exemplo: plataforma de estudos Sanar Flix, Kenhub, Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica (MEDLINE), Google Scholar (para artigos complementares), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Foram utilizados artigos selecionados usando como relevância os anos de 2010 a 2021. Resultados: O hipotireoidismo pode-se acarretar a diminuição da atividade metabólica dada a hipoatividade geral o que leva o acumulo de glicosaminoglicanos nos interstícios teciduais levando a manifestações em maioria dos sistemas do organismo, os sinais apresentados vão depender do grau e tempo da doença tendo como principais sintomas dificuldades de concentração, bradicardia, ressecamento da pele, mialgia, intolerância a frio, ganho de peso, possíveis edemas aumento da prolactina e gonadotrofina, hiporreflexia entre outros sinais. Conclusão: Portanto conclui-se que o hipotireoidismo é uma disfunção hormonal que pode acarretar inúmeros problemas por estar relacionada ao metabolismo como por exemplo a relação com o sistema cardiovascular que aumenta o risco de doenças cardíacas levando a dificuldades a práticas de exercícios físicos, com isso deve-se realizar os possíveis tratamentos sendo o principal deles a reposição hormonal.
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Serafino, Aldo, Benoit Obert, Hayato Hagi, and Paola Cinnella. "Assessment of an Innovative Technique for the Robust Optimization of Organic Rankine Cycles." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-90170.
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Abstract After the extraordinary diffusion that we have observed over the last ten years, Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs) are nowadays widely recognized as “the unrivalled technical solution for generating electricity from low-medium temperature heat sources of limited capacity” [1]. Despite the high level of confidence and know-how reached about ORCs, they still remain a delicate technology, hiding a great amount of technical difficulties which sometimes still make them a risky investment. Most of these complexities are originated from manifold sources of uncertainty which impact on almost the whole life of the ORC project, from their design to the commissioning and operation steps, with heavy consequences in terms of performance and costs. In this work we present the proof of concept assessing and validating an innovative technique for the robust design optimization (RDO) of ORC under uncertainty. The approach allows to deal with both aleatory and epistemic uncertainty in order to avoid an over-optimization of the system that can result in a high sensitivity to small changes. Because of the large number of sources of uncertainty, the design problem must be solved in a highly multi-dimensional space, spanned by the uncertain and design variables. In such a situation, the “brute-force” Monte-carlo approach [2] is not a viable technique, since it is limited to cheap and excessively simplified models. Consequently, in the present work we consider a more efficient design methodology relying on two nested Bayesian Kriging surrogates.
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Crivoi, A., and Fei Duan. "Fractal Aggregation Simulation in the Nanofluid Drying." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44650.
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Nanofluids are kinds of fluids engineered by dispersing nanoparticles in base fluids. After full evaporation drying of nanofluids, the nanoparticles are left on the substrate and can self-organize in different structures on the substrate. The fractal-like branched structures can be formed, these phenomena are simulated in the study. Two dimensional lattice-gas model is applied in the process of the residual thin film evaporation drying. The Monte Carlo simulations show the formation of well-developed fractal aggregates for this configuration. The results of simulations are in good agreement with previously reported experimental results in residual nanofluid thin-film drying.
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Okamoto, Keishi, Sayuri Kohara, and Hiroyuki Mori. "Effects of Build-Up Material Properties on Warpage Dispersion of Organic Substrates Caused by Manufacturing Variations." In ASME 2017 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2017 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2017-74098.
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In large-die (20mm and above) flip-chip packaging applications such as high-end processors, the organic substrates have been widely used. In most cases, they are double-sided multi-layer printed wiring boards. The substrates mainly consist of glass-reinforced rigid core, build-up film resin layers and copper trace patterns. During chip attaching process, the substrates are warped due mainly to the unbalance in copper loading ratio of the build-up layers between the front and the back of the core layer. A common practice for minimizing the warpage of a substrate is to balance its copper loading as much as possible at its design stage. However, the thickness of each build-up layer and trace pattern can shift from its designed value due to fluctuation in process conditions during manufacturing. Consequently, the substrate warpage becomes larger than the minimized value, since the copper loading is no longer balanced. One of the possible solutions for this challenge is to minimize the errors in manufacturing process. Another solution is to make the substrates more resilient to the manufacturing variations. The latter can be performed at the design stage. The substrates can be made resilient by minimizing the warpage deviation when the thickness of the build-up layer and trace pattern are varied. In this paper, we have found that the warpage dispersion can be reduced by the build-up material properties which are the key components in balancing the front and back build-up layers. To study the effect of the build-up material properties, we performed dispersion analyses using the multilayered beam model. The analyses results showed a minimum in warpage dispersion when the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of build-up materials is varied at a fixed Young’s modulus. They also show that the warpage dispersion decreases with decreasing Young’s modulus of build-up materials. The analyses are also done by Monte Carlo simulation with finite element analyses (FEA) so that the analyses can be applied to more complex substrates made for actual packages. The results of Monte Carlo simulations were consistent with those of obtained by the multilayered beam model. The values in build-up material for minimizing the warpage dispersion are in realistic range. In summary, we showed that the organic substrates can be made resilient to manufacturing variations by choosing build-up materials with appropriate material properties which minimize the warpage dispersion.
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Stavn, Robert H. "Shape factors in the two-flow model: variation with wavelength and particle concentration." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.thff1.
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The NOARL optical model, a Monte Carlo simulation of the radiative transfer equation, has been updated with a newer and more accurate algorithm for estimating the shape factor, a relatively neglected aspect of the two-flow approximation of the radiative transfer equation. In addition, the model has been ported to the Cray Y-MP of the North Carolina Super Computing Center. Two series of simulations have been carried out so far: a simulation of light penetration at 440 nm in clear ocean waters with increasing concentrations of chlorophyll, and a simulation of light penetration in clear ocean water with no organic matter over the wavelength region 430- 660 nm. The new shape factor algorithm has an accuracy >0.1%. In the clear ocean system with algae the shape factors for the downwelling and upwelling radiative fluxes differ from each other increasingly with increase in algae concentration. The ratio of these factors ru/rd approaches 3.0 at the highest algae concentrations simulated so far, the maximum concentrations of algae/chlorophyll for open ocean waters. The shape factors for both downwelling and upwelling radiant flux streams increase by 10-20% with increase of depth in the upper ocean layers. Without taking internal radiant emission into account (Raman scattering, fluorescence), the shape factors for clear ocean water without organic matter also deviate increasing from each other with increase in wavelength. The greater the deviations of the shape factors from each other and from the value of 1.0 the less reliable the two-flow approximation becomes.
Reports on the topic "Carico organico"
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Katz, Robert W. Low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada608313.
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Duncan, Jeffrey L., John Escarsega, Lisa Weiser, Anthony Eng, and William Hoogsteden. Demonstration/Validation of Low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada636811.
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Cundiff, Charles H., Robert M. Leverette, and Jason R. Varner. Low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC) Removal and Disposal. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada388926.
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Duncan, Jeffrey, John Escarsega, Lisa Weiser, Anthony Eng, William Hoogsteden, Charles Cundiff, and Allan Schnur. Demonstration/Validation of Low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada603760.
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Duncan, Jeffrey L., and John A. Escarsega. Demonstration/Validation of Low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC) at Tobyhanna Army Depot. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada416042.
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Hartle, Jennifer C., Ossama (Sam) A. Elrahman, Cara Wang, Daniel A. Rodriguez, Yue Ding, and Matt McGahan. Assessing Public Health Benefits of Replacing Freight Trucks with Cargo Cycles in Last Leg Delivery Trips in Urban Centers. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.1952.
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Increased urbanization, population growth, and demand for time-sensitive deliveries means increased freight movement in cities, which contributes to emissions, noise, and safety concerns. One innovative mode gaining widespread attention for urban deliveries is cargo cycles—bicycles adapted for freight delivery. Despite the recognized potential and possible success of transporting at least 25% of freight via cycle, research remains limited. This research investigates the potential of cargo cycle delivery for last mile freight in Oakland, California, with a focus on the West Oakland neighborhood. The data collection included interviews, focus groups, vehicle field observation and counts, and traffic simulation modeling. The traffic simulation examined scenarios where businesses converted different percentages of current deliveries to cargo cycles using a transfer hub as the starting point for their cargo cycle delivery. The best-case scenario—where the maximum percentage of deliveries were made with cargo cycle instead of motorized vehicles—resulted in reductions of 2600 vehicle miles traveled (VMT) per day. In that case scenario, the vehicle miles traveled (VMT) reduction is equivalent to a reduction in emissions of PM2.5, PM10, NOx, and reactive organic gas (ROG) of taking about 1000 Class 4 box trucks off the roads of West Oakland per day. In the worst-case scenario, with a significantly smaller percentage of motorized package deliveries converted to cargo cycles, there is a reduction of 160 VMT, equivalent to the removal of approximately 80 Class 4 box trucks off the roads of West Oakland per day. This potential reduction in air pollution and traffic congestion, as well as job creation, would benefit West Oakland residents.
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Xalma, Cristina, and Martín Rivero. Instrumentos innovadores, cooperación financiera, Sur-Sur y Triangular. Fundación Carolina, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt55.
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En el momento de redactar este artículo, se había cumplido poco más de un año desde que la Organiza- ción Mundial de la Salud declarara el 11 de marzo de 2020 que el mundo estaba sufriendo una pandemia que ha provocado una crisis global de dimensiones muy significativas. En términos históricos, es poco el tiempo transcurrido. Sin embargo, sus graves consecuencias obligan a abordar con el mayor de los detalles qué respuesta está dando la comunidad internacional para tratar de superarla, y cómo hacerlo sin renunciar a los compromisos de inclusión y sostenibilidad que el mundo se propuso alcanzar a través del logro de la Agenda 2030. A estos efectos, y en el marco de incertidumbre que aún persiste, este artículo analiza las soluciones adoptadas para hacer frente a la COVID-19, desde los ámbitos global, de la Unión Europea (UE) y de América Latina y el Caribe. Para ello examina, primero, la respuesta dada desde el multilateralismo: se estudia el modo en que esta se ha ido moldeado —desde la emergencia hasta la búsqueda de soluciones de más largo plazo—, y se identifican y caracterizan los instrumentos innovadores impulsados para tratar de superar la crisis global. En un segundo bloque, el artículo se centra en otra herramienta que puede contribuir a esa respuesta: la cooperación internacional, con un eje especial en la UE y en la alianza entre esta y América Latina y el Caribe, en las modalidades de Cooperación Sur-Sur y Cooperación Triangular.
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Xalma, Cristina, and Martín Rivero. Instrumentos innovadores, cooperación financiera, Sur-Sur y Triangular. Fundación Carolina, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt55.
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En el momento de redactar este artículo, se había cumplido poco más de un año desde que la Organiza- ción Mundial de la Salud declarara el 11 de marzo de 2020 que el mundo estaba sufriendo una pandemia que ha provocado una crisis global de dimensiones muy significativas. En términos históricos, es poco el tiempo transcurrido. Sin embargo, sus graves consecuencias obligan a abordar con el mayor de los detalles qué respuesta está dando la comunidad internacional para tratar de superarla, y cómo hacerlo sin renunciar a los compromisos de inclusión y sostenibilidad que el mundo se propuso alcanzar a través del logro de la Agenda 2030. A estos efectos, y en el marco de incertidumbre que aún persiste, este artículo analiza las soluciones adoptadas para hacer frente a la COVID-19, desde los ámbitos global, de la Unión Europea (UE) y de América Latina y el Caribe. Para ello examina, primero, la respuesta dada desde el multilateralismo: se estudia el modo en que esta se ha ido moldeado —desde la emergencia hasta la búsqueda de soluciones de más largo plazo—, y se identifican y caracterizan los instrumentos innovadores impulsados para tratar de superar la crisis global. En un segundo bloque, el artículo se centra en otra herramienta que puede contribuir a esa respuesta: la cooperación internacional, con un eje especial en la UE y en la alianza entre esta y América Latina y el Caribe, en las modalidades de Cooperación Sur-Sur y Cooperación Triangular.
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Zegers, María del Carmen, Josephine Tressler, Isabella Massa, Clemente Tyrer, Carmen Albertos, Manuel Rodriguez Porcel, and Jimena Sánchez. Guías de etnoingeniería: lineamientos para la incorporación de la etnoingeniería en los sectores: vial, educación, salud y protección social y turismo. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004628.
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La diversidad socio cultural que existe en América Latina y el Caribe proviene de las poblaciones indígenas y grupos étnicos que existen en la región, los cuales se involucran cada vez más con proyectos de desarrollo. Sin embargo, la falta de socialización de los proyectos y la poca o nula participación de las poblaciones indígenas limita su desarrollo, evidenciando la falta de estrategias asertivas de cómo abordar estos proyectos. La publicación “GUÍA DE ETNOINGENIERA” incorpora a través de métodos participativos, las particularidades socioculturales y medioambientales de los beneficiarios y su hábitat. Esta guía busca implementar la etnoingeniería en proyectos de infraestructura desarrollados con y para pueblos indígenas y otros grupos étnicos de la región. El documento se organiza en dos módulos centrales: i) Transversal que aborda los ejes de co-creación, gobernanza, criterios de diseño y metodología; y ii) Sectorial que contiene lineamientos y propuestas de solución para proyectos de diferentes tipologías de infraestructura (vial, educación, salud y protección social, y turismo). La publicación incluye lecciones aprendidas, reflexiones y recomendaciones, a fin de proporcionar conceptos clave que permitan a los equipos de proyecto incluir la etnoingeniería en los proyectos, desde la formulación y diseño, ejecución, operación y mantenimiento.
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Geochemical evaluation, including whole oil gas chromatography, soxhlet extractions, biomarker analysis, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, and total organic carbon analyses, of cuttings and core for the Caribou #26-11-1, E Ugnu #1, Ekvik #1, Inigok #1, Ivik #1, Kookpuk #1, Nuna #1, Oooguruk #1, Qugruk #1, Qugruk #3, Qugruk #3A, Qugruk #4, S. Harrison Bay #1, Simpson Lagoon #32-14A, Umiat Test #11 wells. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/29739.
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