Journal articles on the topic 'Caribbean immigrant women'
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Chavkin, Wendy, Carey Busner, and Margaret McLaughlin. "Reproductive Health: Caribbean Women in New York City, 1980–1984." International Migration Review 21, no. 3 (September 1987): 609–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838702100309.
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People from the Caribbean represent one of the largest immigrant groups in New York City. This study focuses on the reproductive health of first generation Caribbean immigrants. Birth and death certificate data were used to generate descriptive profiles of risk-factor prevalence and reproductive outcomes to Caribbean and comparison populations.
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Fruchter, R. G., J. C. Remy, W. S. Burnett, and J. G. Boyce. "Cervical cancer in immigrant Caribbean women." American Journal of Public Health 76, no. 7 (July 1986): 797–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.76.7.797.
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Esnard, Talia Randa. "Breaching the walls of academe: the case of five Afro-Caribbean immigrant women within United States institutions of higher education." Multidisciplinary Journal of Gender Studies 8, no. 3 (October 25, 2019): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/generos.2019.4726.
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While a growing tendency among researchers has been for the examination of diverse forms of discrimination against Afro-Caribbean immigrants within the United States (US), the types of ambiguities that these create for framing the personal and professional identities of Afro-Caribbean women academics who operate within that space remain relatively absent. The literature is also devoid of substantive explorations that delve into the ways and extent to which the cultural scripts of Afro-Caribbean women both constrain and enable their professional success in academe. The call therefore is for critical examinations that deepen, while extending existing examinations of the lived realities for Afro-Caribbean immigrants within the US, and, the specific trepidations that they both confront and overcome in the quest for academic success while in their host societies. Using intersectionality as the overarching framework for this work, we demonstrate, through the use of narrative inquiry, the extent to which cultural constructions of difference nuance the social axes of power, the politics of space and identity, and professional outcomes of Afro-Caribbean immigrant women who operate within a given context. These are captured within our interrogation of the structures of power that they confront and their use of culture to fight against and to break through institutional politics.
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Fruchter, R. G., K. Nayeri, J. C. Remy, C. Wright, J. G. Feldman, J. G. Boyce, and W. S. Burnett. "Cervix and breast cancer incidence in immigrant Caribbean women." American Journal of Public Health 80, no. 6 (June 1990): 722–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.80.6.722.
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Cerbon, Danielle, Matthew Schlumbrecht, Camille Ragin, Priscila Barreto Coelho, Judith Hurley, and Sophia George. "Comparing breast cancer characteristics and outcomes between black U.S.-born patients and black immigrant patients from individual Caribbean islands." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e13633-e13633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e13633.
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e13633 Background: Caribbean-born black immigrants (CBI) represent 57% of all black immigrants in the US; they come mainly from Haiti, Jamaica, Dominican Republic (DR), and Cuba. Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women living in the Caribbean, however, our previous retrospective cohort of 1131 black women with BC shows that CBI have a better overall survival compared with US-born black (USB). The Caribbean has a majority of African ancestry; nonetheless, different ancestral populations differ in genetic composition, making the Caribbean a distinct population with several health disparities within it. Therefore, we stratified our study by each Caribbean country compared to USB patients with the objective of further studying the difference in BC outcomes between USB patients and CBI. Methods: We identified BC patients through a Safety Net and Private Hospital Tumor Registries. We selected the most populace sites: Haiti, Jamaica, Bahamas, Cuba and DR; and used data from 1,082 patients to estimate hazard rations (HRs) using Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan Meier analysis for overall survival; Chi Squared and independent sample t-test to verify associations in categorical variables. Results: The study has 250 Haitian, 89 Jamaican, 43 Bahamian, 38 Dominican, 38 Cuban and 624 USB women. Haitians underwent less surgery (HB 61.2% vs USB 72.9%; P = 0.001) and had less triple negative BC (18% vs USB 27.8%; P = 0.006). Bahamians were the youngest at diagnosis (50.5 years vs. USB 57.6 P < 0.001) and presented at more advanced stages (stage 3/4, 54.3% vs USB 35.3%; P = 0.02). Jamaicans and DR underwent more radiation therapy (43.8%, P = 0.002 and 44.7%, P = 0.028 vs. USB 28%). Jamaican women had a better overall survival compared to USB patients (median of 154.93 months, 95% CI: 114.1-195.5 vs 98.63 months, 95% CI: 76.4-120.8; Log-Rank Mantel Cox P = 0.034). Favorable factors for survival were: radiation therapy in Haitian and USB (aHR = 0.45, 95% 0.27-0.77; P = 0.004); and surgery in USB (aHR = 0.26 (0.19-0.36), p < 0.001), Bahamians (aHR = 0.05 (0.01-0.47), p = 0.008) and Jamaicans (aHR = 0.08 (0.03-0.24), p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study underlines the vast heterogeneity in the Caribbean population and demonstrates that Jamaican immigrants with BC have a higher overall survival compared to USB patients, proposing that genetic and other cancer related factors inherent to country of origin impact survival within Caribbean immigrants and highlighting the need for further studies in this immigrant sub-group.
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Muruthi, Bertranna A., J. Maria Bermudez, Jessica L. Chou, Carolyn M. Shivers, Jerry Gale, and Denise Lewis. "Mother–Adult Daughter Questionnaire: Psychometric Evaluation Across First- and Second-Generation Black Immigrant Women." Family Journal 28, no. 2 (February 17, 2020): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480720906123.
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This study was conducted to determine the generalizability of the Mother–Adult Daughter Questionnaire (MAD) for first- and second-generation Afro-Caribbean women. The measure was created specifically to explore adult daughters’ reports of their relationship with their mothers in order to capture the values of connectedness, trust in hierarchy, and interdependence in the mother–daughter relationship. We test this cross-generational applicability to (1) determine the generalizability of the measure for first- and second-generation women and (2) assess whether the means of the subscales differ across first- and second-generation women. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the factor structure of the MAD with this population. The sample ( N = 285) was comprised of reports from 129 adult daughters born in the United States and 156 born in the Caribbean. CFAs indicated that the scoring algorithm for the subscales fit these data well. Results indicated that the MAD subscales (Connectedness, Trust in Hierarchy, and Interdependence) were applicable and may operate similarly across first- and second-generation Afro-Caribbean women.
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Green, Eric H., Karen M. Freund, Michael A. Posner, and Michele M. David. "Pap Smear Rates among Haitian Immigrant Women in Eastern Massachusetts." Public Health Reports 120, no. 2 (March 2005): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003335490512000206.
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Objective. Given limited prior evidence of high rates of cervical cancer in Haitian immigrant women in the U.S., this study was designed to examine self-reported Pap smear screening rates for Haitian immigrant women and compare them to rates for women of other ethnicities. Methods. Multi-ethnic women at least 40 years of age living in neighborhoods with large Haitian immigrant populations in eastern Massachusetts were surveyed in 2000–2002. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the effect of demographic and health care characteristics on Pap smear rates. Results. Overall, 81% (95% confidence interval 79%, 84%) of women in the study sample reported having had a Pap smear within three years. In unadjusted analyses, Pap smear rates differed by ethnicity ( p=0.003), with women identified as Haitian having a lower crude Pap smear rate (78%) than women identified as African American (87%), English-speaking Caribbean (88%), or Latina (92%). Women identified as Haitian had a higher rate than women identified as non-Hispanic white (74%). Adjustment for differences in demographic factors known to predict Pap smear acquisition (age, marital status, education level, and household income) only partially accounted for the observed difference in Pap smear rates. However, adjustment for these variables as well as those related to health care access (single site for primary care, health insurance status, and physician gender) eliminated the ethnic difference in Pap smear rates. Conclusions. The lower crude Pap smear rate for Haitian immigrants relative to other women of color was in part due to differences in ( 1) utilization of a single source for primary care, ( 2) health insurance, and ( 3) care provided by female physicians. Public health programs, such as the cancer prevention programs currently utilized in eastern Massachusetts, may influence these factors. Thus, the relatively high Pap rate among women in this study may reflect the success of these programs. Public health and elected officials will need to consider closely how implementing or withdrawing these programs may impact immigrant and minority communities.
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Stephens, Kat J. "Just a Unicorn." JCSCORE 6, no. 1 (July 15, 2020): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2642-2387.2020.6.1.211-216.
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Kat J. Stephens is a higher education Ph.D. student at University of Massachusetts Amherst. She’s earned a Master of Education from Teachers College, Columbia University, in Higher & Postsecondary Education. Her larger research interests are social justice & identity development. As an Afro-Guyanese immigrant, her research interests reflects: Caribbean students, Afro-Caribbean racial identity formation, transnationalism, Black women students with ADHD & Autism, & gifted community college & transfer students. Her work here is inspired by her life and those of other Black women & girls in educational spaces. This poem serves to highlight her frustrations, while encouraging Black women to take space in disability centered environments, and universities to adequately support such individuals.
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Schlumbrecht, Matthew, Marilyn Huang, Judith Hurley, and Sophia George. "Endometrial cancer outcomes among non-Hispanic US born and Caribbean born black women." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 29, no. 5 (May 3, 2019): 897–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2019-000347.
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PurposeData on endometrial cancer outcomes among immigrant women in the USA are lacking. The objective was to determine the effect of Caribbean nativity on outcomes in black women with endometrial cancer compared with women born in the USA, with attention paid to the effects of tumor grade, sociodemographic factors, and treatment approaches.MethodsA review of the institutional cancer registry was performed to identify black, non-Hispanic women with known nativity and treated for endometrial cancer between 2001 and 2017. Sociodemographic, treatment, and outcomes data were collected. Analyses were done using the χ2 test, Cox proportional hazards models, and the Kaplan–Meier method, with significance set at P<0.05.Results195 women were included in the analysis. High grade histologies were present in a large proportion of both US born (64.5%) and Caribbean born (72.2%) patients. Compared with US born women, those of Caribbean nativity were more likely to be non-smokers (P=0.01) and be uninsured (P=0.03). Caribbean born women had more cases of stage III disease (27.8% versus 12.5%, P<0.01), while carcinosarcoma was more common in US born black women (23.6% versus 10.6%, P=0.05). Caribbean nativity trended towards improvement in overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) 0.65 (0.40–1.07)). Radiation (HR 0.53 (0.29–1.00)) was associated with improved survival while advanced stage (HR 3.81 (2.20–6.57)) and high grade histology (HR 2.34 (1.17–4.72)) were predictive of worse survival.ConclusionsThe prevalence of high grade endometrial cancer histologies among black women of Caribbean nativity is higher than previously reported. Caribbean nativity may be associated with improved overall survival although additional study is warranted.
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Alfred, Mary V. "Sociocultural Contexts and Learning: Anglophone Caribbean Immigrant Women in U.S. Postsecondary Education." Adult Education Quarterly 53, no. 4 (August 2003): 242–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741713603254028.
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MacDonnell, Judith A., Mahdieh Dastjerdi, Nimo Bokore, and Nazilla Khanlou. "Becoming Resilient: Promoting the Mental Health and Well-Being of Immigrant Women in a Canadian Context." Nursing Research and Practice 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/576586.
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This paper reports on grounded theory findings that are relevant to promoting the mental health and well-being of immigrant women in Canada. The findings illustrate how relationships among settlement factors and dynamics of empowerment had implications for “becoming resilient” as immigrant women and how various health promotion approaches enhanced their well-being. Dimensions of empowerment were embedded in the content and process of the feminist health promotion approach used in this study. Four focus groups were completed in Toronto, Ontario, Canada with 35 racialized immigrant women who represented diverse countries of origin: 25 were from Africa; others were equally represented from South Asia (5), Asia (5), and Central or South America and the Caribbean (5). Participants represented diverse languages, family dynamics, and educational backgrounds. One focus group was conducted in Somali; three were conducted in English. Constructivist grounded theory, theoretical sampling, and a critical feminist approach were chosen to be congruent with health promotion research that fostered women’s empowerment. Findings foreground women’s agency in the study process, the ways that immigrant women name and frame issues relevant to their lives, and the interplay among individual, family, community, and structural dynamics shaping their well-being. Implications for mental health promotion are discussed.
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Blackwell, Tenya M., LeConte J. Dill, Lori A. Hoepner, and Laura A. Geer. "Using Text Messaging to Improve Access to Prenatal Health Information in Urban African American and Afro-Caribbean Immigrant Pregnant Women: Mixed Methods Analysis of Text4baby Usage." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): e14737. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14737.
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Background The Text4baby (T4B) mobile health (mHealth) program is acclaimed to provide pregnant women with greater access to prenatal health care, resources, and information. However, little is known about whether urban African American and Afro-Caribbean immigrant pregnant women in the United States are receptive users of innovative health communication methods or of the cultural and systematic barriers that inhibit their behavioral intent to use T4B. Objective This study aimed to understand the lived experiences of urban African American and Afro-Caribbean immigrant pregnant women with accessing quality prenatal health care and health information; to assess usage of mHealth for seeking prenatal health information; and to measure changes in participants’ knowledge, perceptions, and behavioral intent to use the T4B mHealth educational intervention. Methods An exploratory sequential mixed methods study was conducted among pregnant women and clinical professionals for a phenomenological exploration with focus groups, key informants, interviews, and observations. Qualitative themes were aligned with behavioral and information technology communications theoretical constructs to develop a survey instrument used. repeated-measures pre- and post-test design to evaluate changes in participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs, of mHealth and T4B after a minimum of 4 weeks’ exposure to the text message–based intervention. Triangulation and mixing of both qualitative and quantitative data occurred primarily during the survey development and also during final analysis. Results A total of 9 women participated in phase 1, and 49 patients signed up for T4B and completed a 31-item survey at baseline and again during follow-up. Three themes were identified: (1) patient-provider engagement, (2) social support, and (3) acculturation. With time as a barrier to quality care, inadequate patient-provider engagement left participants feeling indifferent about the prenatal care and information they received in the clinical setting. Of 49 survey participants, 63% (31/49) strongly agreed that T4B would provide them with extra support during their pregnancy. On a Likert scale of 1 to 5, participants’ perception of the usefulness of T4B ranked at 4.26, and their perception of the compatibility and relative advantage of using T4B ranked at 4.41 and 4.15, respectively. At follow-up, there was a 14% increase in participants reporting their intent to use T4B and a 28% increase from pretest and posttest in pregnant women strongly agreeing to speak more with their doctor about the information learned through T4B. Conclusions Urban African American and Afro-Caribbean immigrant pregnant women in Brooklyn endure a number of social and ecological determinants like low health literacy, income, and language that serve as barriers to accessing quality prenatal health care and information, which negatively impacts prenatal health behaviors and outcomes. Our study indicates a number of systematic, political, and other microsystem-level factors that perpetuate health inequities in our study population.
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Stewart, Dianne M. "Collecting on their investments, one woman at a time: Economic partnerships among Caribbean immigrant women in the United States." International Journal of African Renaissance Studies - Multi-, Inter- and Transdisciplinarity 2, no. 1 (July 2007): 35–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18186870701384244.
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Plummer, Jasmine. "Abstract IA023: Creating a single cell and spatial atlas of breast, ovarian and prostate cancer for African ancestry." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 1_Supplement (January 1, 2023): IA023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp22-ia023.
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Abstract The US Black population is composed of both US born Black and immigrant Black populations from the Caribbean and Africa. Normal tissues in Black individuals independent of their country of birth or residence is woefully understudied. Black individuals disproportionately develop aggressive pathologic diseases which are treatment refractory or resistant, leading to premature deaths. In women, breast cancer is the most common cancer in Black women in the US, most common non-viral driven cancer in women in Africa and the Caribbean. Black women develop this disease younger than other ancestral groups and have higher incidence of metaplastic and triple negative breast cancer - aggressive pathologies. Ovarian cancer is rare in US-born Black (USB) while in both West and East Africa and the Caribbean, ovarian cancer is more common with more serous pathologies and earlier onset. While the incidence of prostate cancer among Black men in the US is declining, it is increasing in the Caribbean and Africa. Black men disproportionately develop prostate cancer young, have strong family history of prostate cancer, develop aggressive pathologies that are usually refractory to standard of care therapies. With the African-Caribbean Cancer Consortium (AC3) and Transatlantic Gynecologic Cancer Research Consortium, a single cell atlas of the cells of origin and tumors of breast, ovarian and prostate cancer will be constructed from samples across West and East Africa, the Caribbean and the USA in Black individuals. Pairing this single cell atlas with spatial approaches, we hope to develop a benchmark to confidently measure and interpret ancestral genomic differences at the cellular level. In this session, we will discuss how we are using these approaches to look at the relationship between African ancestry, aggressive disease biology, early onset warrants us to study the tissue composition, the proportion of sub-populations that are thought to give rise to tumors and the interplay with germline genetics. Citation Format: Jasmine Plummer. Creating a single cell and spatial atlas of breast, ovarian and prostate cancer for African ancestry [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA023.
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AlJaberi, Hana. "Developing Culturally Sensitive mHealth Apps for Caribbean Immigrant Women to Use During Pregnancy: Focus Group Study." JMIR Human Factors 5, no. 4 (October 10, 2018): e29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/humanfactors.9787.
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Di Paolo Harrison, Osvaldo. "Injured and Suffering Bodies: The Trafficking and Femicide of Dominican Immigrant Women in Puerto Rico." Perichoresis 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/perc-2020-0010.
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AbstractAfter drug and weapon trafficking, trafficking of women is one of the most lucrative businesses in the world. According to sociologists César Rey Hernández and Luisa Hernández Angueira in People Trafficking in Puerto Rico: The Challenge of Invisibility (2010), fifty percent of the victims are women and minors. This translates to 2.7 million women and girls that are enslaved in this inhuman business. Puerto Rico is no exception. One of its main problems is the slavery of Dominican women who, in search of a better life in Puerto Rico, are lured to illegally migrate to the island for better opportunities. However, once in the new territory, they are imprisoned and forced to become prostitutes. In addition, femicide is another world-wide pressing issue. The World Health Organization (WHO) affirms that violence against women, between fifteen and forty-four years of age, is the leading cause of death, more than cancer, malaria, car accidents and war combined, and the report ‘A Gendered Analysis of Violent Death’, compiled by Small Arms Survey Center, fourteen out of twenty-five countries with the highest rates of femicide in the world are in Latin America and the Caribbean. This essay focuses on Life is a Sexually Transmittable Disease (2014) by Wilfredo Mattos Cintron. In this novel, the enslaved-immigrant girls and women constitute an ‘injured body’, a body that is merely diminished. The third-world prostitute’s body is the material side of male-controlled dominance, subjugation and violence. Mattos Cintron’s text denounces the ‘suffering body of women’—rape, kidnapping, beating, femicide, their exclusion from human rights and sexual relegation. Moreover, along with patriarchy’s power and the socioeconomic variables as responsible agents of creating the injured body, globalization and capitalism objectify and make women’s bodies currency of the system.
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Mina, Noula. "Taming and Training Greek “Peasant Girls” and the Gendered Politics of Whiteness in Postwar Canada: Canadian Bureaucrats and Immigrant Domestics, 1950s–1960s." Canadian Historical Review 102, s3 (September 1, 2021): s854—s875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr-102-s3-014.
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Drawing on the voluminous government records as well as selective interviews in a large oral history archive created over several years, this article explores Canada’s recruitment of Greek female domestics in the 1950s and early 1960s within the context of the feminist scholarship on female labour schemes as well as more recent whiteness literature on the in-between racial status of peripheral Europeans. In considering the contradictory features of a large but little-known labour scheme through which more than ten thousand Greek women arrived, many of them before their families, it documents the role of the bureaucrats – who envisioned the domestics’ transformation into models of modern domesticity while portraying them as victims of their patriarchal communities and manipulators of Canadian immigration policy – and that of the women who negotiated various challenges. To account for the scheme’s remarkable longevity, a key argument probes the mix of factors that repositioned a traditionally non-preferred Southern European group of women into a desirable white source of immigrant labour and future Canadian motherhood. Ultimately, Greek women enjoyed a racial privilege and mobility not afforded to later arriving women from the Caribbean and Philippines.
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Rodriguez, Carmen B., Ying Wei, Mary Beth Terry, Katarzyna Wyka, Shweta Athilat, Sandra S. Albrecht, and Parisa Tehranifar. "Associations of Nativity, Age at Migration, and Percent of Life in the U.S. with Midlife Body Mass Index and Waist Size in New York City Latinas." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 2436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072436.
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Migration to the U.S. has been associated with increased body size and obesity risk in Latinas, but results for Caribbean immigrant women are limited and inconclusive. Emerging evidence also suggests that early-life environment associations with women’s midlife body mass index (BMI) may be different for larger and smaller women, but this has not been tested within migration life-course history. We examined the associations of nativity and migration timing with midlife body size in a sample of majority Caribbean Latinas and whether these associations varied across the body size distribution. We used interview data from 787 self-identified Latinas (ages 40–65 years) and assessed overall obesity using BMI (kg/m2) and central obesity based on waist circumference (WC, cm). We used linear and quantile regression to examine the association of migration history with BMI and WC and logistic regression for the probability of obesity. Foreign birthplace, later migration age, and lower percent of life in the U.S. were associated with lower BMI and WC means and lower odds of overall and central obesity. Quantile regression showed only inverse associations in the upper quantiles of BMI and WC. For example, relative to U.S.-born women, women living <50% of their lives in the U.S. had lower BMI in the 75th BMI percentile (β = −4.10, 95% CI: −6.75, −0.81), with minimal differences in the 25th (β = 0.04, 95% CI: −1.01, 0.96) and 50th BMI percentiles (β = −1.54, 95% CI: −2.90, 0.30). Our results support that migration to and increasing time in the U.S. are associated with greater body size in midlife Latina women, with stronger influences at higher body size distribution.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 69, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1995): 143–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002650.
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-Sidney W. Mintz, Paget Henry ,C.L.R. James' Caribbean. Durham: Duke University Press, 1992. xvi + 287 pp., Paul Buhle (eds)-Allison Blakely, Jan M. van der Linde, Over Noach met zijn zonen: De Cham-ideologie en de leugens tegen Cham tot vandaag. Utrecht: Interuniversitair Instituut voor Missiologie en Oecumenica, 1993. 160 pp.-Helen I. Safa, Edna Acosta-Belén ,Researching women in Latin America and the Caribbean. Boulder CO: Westview, 1993. x + 201 pp., Christine E. Bose (eds)-Helen I. Safa, Janet H. Momsen, Women & change in the Caribbean: A Pan-Caribbean Perspective. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; Kingston: Ian Randle, 1993. x + 308 pp.-Paget Henry, Janet Higbie, Eugenia: The Caribbean's Iron Lady. London: Macmillan, 1993. 298 pp.-Kathleen E. McLuskie, Moira Ferguson, Subject to others: British women writers and Colonial Slavery 1670-1834. New York: Routledge, 1992. xii + 465 pp.-Samuel Martínez, Senaida Jansen ,Género, trabajo y etnia en los bateyes dominicanos. Santo Domingo: Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo, Programa de Estudios se la Mujer, 1991. 195 pp., Cecilia Millán (eds)-Michiel Baud, Roberto Cassá, Movimiento obrero y lucha socialista en la República Dominicana (desde los orígenes hasta 1960). Santo Domingo: Fundación Cultural Dominicana, 1990. 620 pp.-Paul Farmer, Robert Lawless, Haiti's Bad Press. Rochester VT: Schenkman Press, 1992. xxvii + 261 pp.-Bill Maurer, Karen Fog Olwig, Global culture, Island identity: Continuity and change in the Afro-Caribbean Community of Nevis. Chur, Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1993. xi + 239 pp.-Viranjini Munasinghe, Kevin A. Yelvington, Trinidad Ethnicity. Knoxville: University of Tennesee Press, 1993. vii + 296 pp.-Kevin K. Birth, Christine Ho, Salt-water Trinnies: Afro-Trinidadian Immigrant Networks and Non-Assimilation in Los Angeles. New York: AMS Press, 1991. xvi + 237 pp.-Steven Gregory, Andrés Isidoro Pérez y Mena, Speaking with the dead: Development of Afro-Latin Religion among Puerto Ricans in the United States. A study into the Interpenetration of civilizations in the New World. New York: AMS Press, 1991. xvi + 273 pp.-Frank Jan van Dijk, Mihlawhdh Faristzaddi, Itations of Jamaica and I Rastafari (The Second Itation, the Revelation). Miami: Judah Anbesa Ihntahnah-shinahl, 1991.-Derwin S. Munroe, Nelson W. Keith ,The Social Origins of Democratic Socialism in Jamaica. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1992. xxiv + 320 pp., Novella Z. Keith (eds)-Virginia Heyer Young, Errol Miller, Education for all: Caribbean Perspectives and Imperatives. Washington DC: Inter-American Development Bank, 1992. 267 pp.-Virginia R. Dominguez, Günter Böhm, Los sefardíes en los dominios holandeses de América del Sur y del Caribe, 1630-1750. Frankfurt: Vervuert, 1992. 243 pp.-Virginia R. Dominguez, Robert M. Levine, Tropical diaspora: The Jewish Experience in Cuba. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1993. xvii + 398 pp.-Aline Helg, John L. Offner, An unwanted war: The diplomacy of the United States and Spain over Cuba, 1895-1898. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992. xii + 306 pp.-David J. Carroll, Eliana Cardoso ,Cuba after Communism. Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 1992. xiii + 148 pp., Ann Helwege (eds)-Antoni Kapcia, Ian Isadore Smart, Nicolás Guillén: Popular Poet of the Caribbean. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1990. 187 pp.-Sue N. Greene, Moira Ferguson, The Hart Sisters: Early African Caribbean Writers, Evangelicals, and Radicals. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1993. xi + 214 pp.-Michael Craton, James A. Lewis, The final campaign of the American revolution: Rise and fall of the Spanish Bahamas. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1991. xi + 149 pp.-David Geggus, Clarence J. Munford, The black ordeal of slavery and slave trading in the French West Indies, 1625-1715. Lewiston NY: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1991. 3 vols. xxii + 1054 pp.-Paul E. Sigmund, Timothy P. Wickham-Crowley, Guerillas and Revolution in Latin America: A comparative Study of Insurgents and Regimes since 1956. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. xx + 424 pp.-Robert E. Millette, Patrick A.M. Emmanuel, Elections and Party Systems in the Commonwealth Caribbean, 1944-1991. St. Michael, Barbados: Caribbean Development Research Services, 1992. viii + 111 pp.-Robert E. Millette, Donald C. Peters, The Democratic System in the Eastern Caribbean. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1992. xiv + 242 pp.-Pedro A. Cabán, Arnold H. Liebowitz, Defining status: A comprehensive analysis of United States Territorial Relations. Boston & Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1989. xxii + 757 pp.-John O. Stewart, Stuart H. Surlin ,Mass media and the Caribbean. New York: Gordon & Breach, 1990. xviii + 471 pp., Walter C. Soderlund (eds)-William J. Meltzer, Antonio V. Menéndez Alarcón, Power and television in Latin America: The Dominican Case. Westport CT: Praeger, 1992. 199 pp.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 81, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2007): 101–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-90002479.
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Frederick H. Smith; Caribbean Rum: A Social and Economic History (Franklin W. Knight)Stephan Palmié; Wizards and Scientists: Explorations in Afro-Cuban Modernity and Tradition (Julie Skurski)Miguel A. De la Torre; The Quest for the Cuban Christ: A Historical Search (Fernando Picó)L. Antonio Curet, Shannon Lee Dawdy & Gabino La Rosa Corzo (eds.); Dialogues in Cuban Archaeology (David M. Pendergast)Jill Lane; Blackface Cuba, 1840-1895 (Arthur Knight)Hal Klepak; Cuba’s Military 1990-2005: Revolutionary Soldiers during Counter-Revolutionary Times (Antoni Kapcia)Lydia Chávez (ed.); Capitalism, God, and a Good Cigar: Cuba Enters the Twenty-First Century (Ann Marie Stock)Diane Accaria-Zavala & Rodolfo Popelnik (eds.); Prospero’s Isles: The Presence of the Caribbean in the American Imaginary (Sean X. Goudie)Alexandra Isfahani-Hammond (ed.); The Masters and the Slaves: Plantation Relations and Mestizaje in American Imaginaries (Danielle D. Smith) David J. Weber; Bárbaros: Spaniards and Their Savages in the Age of Enlightenment (Neil L. Whitehead)Larry Gragg; Englishmen Transplanted: The English Colonization of Barbados, 1627-1660 (Richard S. Dunn)Jon F. Sensbach; Rebecca’s Revival: Creating Black Christianity in the Atlantic World (Aaron Spencer Fogleman)Jennifer L. Morgan; Laboring Women: Reproduction and Gender in New World Slavery (Verene A. Shepherd)Jorge Luis Chinea; Race and Labor in the Hispanic Caribbean: The West Indian Immigrant Worker Experience in Nineteenth-Century Puerto Rico, 1800-1850 (Juan José Baldrich)Constance R. Sutton (ed.); Revisiting Caribbean Labour: Essays in Honour of O. Nigel Bolland (Mary Chamberlain)Gert Oostindie; Paradise Overseas: The Dutch Caribbean: Colonialism and its Transatlantic Legacies (Bridget Brereton)Allan Pred; The Past Is Not Dead: Facts, Fictions, and Enduring Racial Stereotypes (Karen Fog Olwig)James C. Riley; Poverty and Life Expectancy: The Jamaica Paradox (Cruz María Nazario)Lucia M. Suárez; The Tears of Hispaniola: Haitian and Dominican Diaspora Memory (J. Michael Dash)Mary Chamberlain; Family Love in the Diaspora: Migration and the Anglo-Caribbean Experience (Kevin Birth)Joseph Palacio (ed.); The Garifuna: A Nation Across Borders (Grant Jewell Rich)Elizabeth M. DeLoughery, Renée K. Goss on & George B. Handley (eds.); Caribbean Literature and the Environment: Between Nature and Culture (Bonham C. Richardson)Mary Gallagher (ed.); Ici-Là: Place and Displacement in Caribbean Writing in French (Christina Kullberg)David V. Moskowitz; Caribbean Popular Music: An Encyclopedia of Reggae, Mento, Ska, Rock Steady, and Dancehall (Kenneth Bilby)John H. McWhorter; Defining Creole (Bettina M. Migge)Ellen M. Schnepel; In Search of a National Identity: Creole and Politics in Guadeloupe (Paul B. Garrett)
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 81, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2008): 101–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002479.
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Frederick H. Smith; Caribbean Rum: A Social and Economic History (Franklin W. Knight)Stephan Palmié; Wizards and Scientists: Explorations in Afro-Cuban Modernity and Tradition (Julie Skurski)Miguel A. De la Torre; The Quest for the Cuban Christ: A Historical Search (Fernando Picó)L. Antonio Curet, Shannon Lee Dawdy & Gabino La Rosa Corzo (eds.); Dialogues in Cuban Archaeology (David M. Pendergast)Jill Lane; Blackface Cuba, 1840-1895 (Arthur Knight)Hal Klepak; Cuba’s Military 1990-2005: Revolutionary Soldiers during Counter-Revolutionary Times (Antoni Kapcia)Lydia Chávez (ed.); Capitalism, God, and a Good Cigar: Cuba Enters the Twenty-First Century (Ann Marie Stock)Diane Accaria-Zavala & Rodolfo Popelnik (eds.); Prospero’s Isles: The Presence of the Caribbean in the American Imaginary (Sean X. Goudie)Alexandra Isfahani-Hammond (ed.); The Masters and the Slaves: Plantation Relations and Mestizaje in American Imaginaries (Danielle D. Smith) David J. Weber; Bárbaros: Spaniards and Their Savages in the Age of Enlightenment (Neil L. Whitehead)Larry Gragg; Englishmen Transplanted: The English Colonization of Barbados, 1627-1660 (Richard S. Dunn)Jon F. Sensbach; Rebecca’s Revival: Creating Black Christianity in the Atlantic World (Aaron Spencer Fogleman)Jennifer L. Morgan; Laboring Women: Reproduction and Gender in New World Slavery (Verene A. Shepherd)Jorge Luis Chinea; Race and Labor in the Hispanic Caribbean: The West Indian Immigrant Worker Experience in Nineteenth-Century Puerto Rico, 1800-1850 (Juan José Baldrich)Constance R. Sutton (ed.); Revisiting Caribbean Labour: Essays in Honour of O. Nigel Bolland (Mary Chamberlain)Gert Oostindie; Paradise Overseas: The Dutch Caribbean: Colonialism and its Transatlantic Legacies (Bridget Brereton)Allan Pred; The Past Is Not Dead: Facts, Fictions, and Enduring Racial Stereotypes (Karen Fog Olwig)James C. Riley; Poverty and Life Expectancy: The Jamaica Paradox (Cruz María Nazario)Lucia M. Suárez; The Tears of Hispaniola: Haitian and Dominican Diaspora Memory (J. Michael Dash)Mary Chamberlain; Family Love in the Diaspora: Migration and the Anglo-Caribbean Experience (Kevin Birth)Joseph Palacio (ed.); The Garifuna: A Nation Across Borders (Grant Jewell Rich)Elizabeth M. DeLoughery, Renée K. Goss on & George B. Handley (eds.); Caribbean Literature and the Environment: Between Nature and Culture (Bonham C. Richardson)Mary Gallagher (ed.); Ici-Là: Place and Displacement in Caribbean Writing in French (Christina Kullberg)David V. Moskowitz; Caribbean Popular Music: An Encyclopedia of Reggae, Mento, Ska, Rock Steady, and Dancehall (Kenneth Bilby)John H. McWhorter; Defining Creole (Bettina M. Migge)Ellen M. Schnepel; In Search of a National Identity: Creole and Politics in Guadeloupe (Paul B. Garrett)
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Blanchet, Rosanne, Alexandra M. Bodnaruc, Dia Sanou, Malek Batal, Constance P. Nana, and Isabelle Giroux. "Length of Time since Immigration, Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Sub-Saharan African and Caribbean Immigrant Women: Preliminary Results." Canadian Journal of Diabetes 39 (April 2015): S66—S67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.01.250.
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Logie, Carmen H., Angela Kaida, Alexandra de Pokomandy, Nadia O’Brien, Pat O’Campo, Jay MacGillivray, Uzma Ahmed, et al. "Prevalence and Correlates of Forced Sex as a Self-Reported Mode of HIV Acquisition Among a Cohort of Women Living With HIV in Canada." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 21-22 (July 12, 2017): 5028–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517718832.
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Gender-based violence (GBV) is a global epidemic associated with increased HIV exposure. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of HIV acquisition via forced sex among women living with HIV (WLWH) in Canada. Baseline questionnaire data were analyzed for WLWH (≥16 years) with data on self-reported mode of HIV acquisition, enrolled in a community-based cohort study in British Columbia, Ontario, and Québec. We assessed forced sex (childhood, adulthood) as a self-reported mode of HIV acquisition. Of 1,330 participants, the median age was 42 (interquartile range [IQR] = 35-50) years; 23.5% were Indigenous, 26.3% African/Caribbean/Black, 43% White, and 7.2% of Other ethnicities. Forced sex was the third dominant mode of HIV transmission at 16.5% ( n = 219; vs. 51.6% consensual sex, 19.7% sharing needles, 5.3% blood transfusion, 3.8% perinatal, 1.3% contaminated needles, 0.4% other, 1.6% do not know/prefer not to answer). In multivariable analyses, significant correlates of HIV acquisition from forced versus consensual sex included legal status as a landed immigrant (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.12, 3.54]) or refugee (aOR = 3.62; 95% CI = [1.63, 8.04]) versus Canadian citizen; African/Caribbean/Black ethnicity versus Caucasian (aOR = 2.49; 95% CI = [1.43, 4.35]), posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (aOR = 3.00; 95% CI = [1.68, 5.38]), histories of group home residence (aOR = 2.40; 95% CI = [1.10, 5.23]), foster care (aOR = 2.18; 95% CI = [1.10, 4.34]), and having one child relative to having three or more children (aOR = 0.52; 95% CI = [0.31, 0.89]). GBV must be considered a distinct HIV risk factor; forced sex is a significant underrecognized risk factor and mode of women’s HIV acquistion. Public health reporting systems can separate consensual and forced sex in reporting modes of HIV acquisition. Practitioners can engage in screening practices to meet client needs.
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Coker, Mobolu. "Memory in Diaspora." in:cite journal 2 (June 26, 2019): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/incite.2.32825.
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The pieces that follow are my interpretation of the voices of two women (one fictional, one real) of Caribbean descent who, in response to certain traumatic incidents, are forced to confront their understandings of home. I chose to write from the perspective of these particular characters because their experiences mirror some of my own. My parents’ ethnic background (and my birthplace) is Nigeria. I came to Canada the year I turned seven, almost 15 years ago. While I have lived in Canada for most of my life, I still grapple with whether or not I consider it home. For the most part, this uncertainty has been driven by my experiences with various identity-based questions and the discourses that surround them. For example, what it means to be (perceived) Canadian vs. an immigrant, or what it means to be black vs. African (Nigerian). Questions such as “Where are you really from?” always remind me that “foreign” is a presumption that precedes me. Conversely, nativity has been ascribed to the White European population in a way that systematically marginalizes the history and perpetuates the violent erasure of Indigenous communities, a practice that persists to this day. I do not consider Canada my place of origin—a sentiment shared by many Canadians—yet those with a perceived sense of belonging have vastly different experiences from those who do not. I am fortunate enough to have been raised learning about and continuously engaging with my culture, but even that has had its limits. There is a certain tension, what I would call a double-sided alienation, that often comes with being a first-generation immigrant, particularly of a racialized background. For me, that means not feeling either Nigerian or Canadian“enough,” yet being significantly shaped and socialized by both societies. This is a tension I recognized and wanted to highlight in the stories of the two women mentioned above. Moreover, the continuity between my story and (my representation of) their stories is signified by the framework of memory I adopted in the pieces (i.e., “I had forgotten/I remember”), which is from an earlier poem I wrote about my own experience coming to terms with some of the ways my identity changed after moving to Canada.
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Jones, Audrey L., Susan D. Cochran, Jane Rafferty, Robert Joseph Taylor, and Vickie M. Mays. "Lifetime and Twelve-Month Prevalence, Persistence, and Unmet Treatment Needs of Mood, Anxiety, and Substance Use Disorders in African American and U.S. versus Foreign-Born Caribbean Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (September 25, 2020): 7007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197007.
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There is growing diversity within the Black population in the U.S., but limited understanding of ethnic and nativity differences in the mental health treatment needs of Black women. This study examined differences in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, their persistence, and unmet treatment needs among Black women in the U.S. Data were from the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative survey that assessed lifetime and twelve-month mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Edition (DSM-IV) criteria, and mental health service use among those meeting disorder criteria. One in three African American women met criteria for a lifetime disorder, compared to one in three Caribbean women born within the U.S. and one in five Caribbean women born outside the U.S. About half of African American women with a lifetime disorder had a persistent psychiatric disorder, compared to two in five Caribbean women born within the U.S. and two in three Caribbean women born outside the U.S. African Americans had more persisting dysthymia and panic disorder and less persisting social phobia compared to foreign-born Caribbean women. Of the three groups, Caribbean women born within the U.S. were most likely to seek mental health treatment during their lifetime. These results demonstrate, despite a lower prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Black women, that there is a great likelihood their disorders will be marked by persistence and underscores the need for culturally specific treatment approaches. As Black immigrants in the United States are increasing in number, adequate mental health services are needed.
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Outar, Lisa. "Touching the shores of home: Guyana, Indo-Caribbeanness, feminism, and return." Cultural Dynamics 30, no. 1-2 (February 2018): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0921374017751772.
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This essay considers my personal negotiations of concepts of home in the context of my immigrant Guyanese status, my Indo-Caribbeanness, my feminism, and my scholarship. Reflecting upon a moment of return to Guyana to discuss my academic work, I explore how one constructs shifting and complex ideas of home in the diaspora. Pointing out the fraught space that Indo-Caribbean identity holds in most people’s understanding of indigeneity, the essay traces what constitutes belonging and transnational citizenship for me—as an immigrant woman, as a member of the indentureship diaspora, as a feminist, and as a scholar working in tandem with those in the Caribbean and elsewhere—and in my work. I here highlight the cross-racial, cross-class, transoceanic solidarities that shape my praxis.
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Olwig, Karen Fog. "Female immigration and the ambivalence of dirty care work: Caribbean nurses in imperial Britain." Ethnography 19, no. 1 (March 7, 2017): 44–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1466138117697744.
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It is a generally accepted view that immigrants, especially women, often are relegated to performing the denigrated dirty care work that the local population refuses to do. Studies of Caribbean women who trained and worked as nurses in the post-Second World War British hospitals thus have emphasized that they were especially saddled with tasks involving unclean substances reflective of their racialized, low-status position as immigrants in Britain. Drawing on Bakhtin’s analysis of dirt, this article argues that the categorization of immigrants’ work as particularly dirty refers not only to their position as marginalized, discriminated outsiders. It also represents both a tacit recognition of their essential contribution to the regeneration of the receiving society and an attempt to control the transgressive potential inherent in this contribution by debasing their work. Immigrants therefore are branded as doing dirty work, because they represent a transformative force that is both needed and feared.
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Barreto Coelho, Priscila, Danielle Cerbon, Matthew Schlumbrecht, Carlos Parra, Judith Hurley, and Sophia George. "Differences in breast cancer outcomes amongst Black United States-born and Caribbean-born immigrants." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 1088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.1088.
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1088 Background: The Black population in the US constitutes of 4 million immigrants, with 50% from the Caribbean. It has been shown that breast cancer is responsible for 14%-30% of cancer deaths in the Caribbean; this is up to two times higher than the USA. Methods: Retrospective cohort of 1369 self-identified Black women with breast cancer. Data was obtained from Jackson Memorial Health Systems and University of Miami Health System Tumor Registry. Individual-level data from 1132 cases was used to estimate hazard rations (HRs) of women born in the Caribbean (CB) or in the USA (USB) using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis for overall survival. Median follow-up was 115 months (interquartile range, 91.9-138.1 months) per participant. Results: Data from 622 (54.9%) USB women and 507 (45%) CB women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2006-2017. 90% (n = 1232) of the cohort is of non-Hispanic ethnicity. Caribbean immigrants from Haiti (18.3%), Jamaica (6.5%), Bahamas (3.1%), Cuba and Dominica Republic (2.8% each), Trinidad and Tobago (1%) and other nationalities from the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States were included, mean age 55.7 [95% CI, 54.7-56.8]; USB mean age 57.6 [95% CI, 56.4-58.7] (P = 0.02). Compared to USB, CB had lower BMI at diagnosis 29.6 [95% CI, 28.9-30.3] versus 30.9 [95% CI, 30.1-31.7, P = 0.015]. Compared to CB patients, USB patients had more ER- [31.4% vs 39.1 %, P = 0.018] and triple negative breast cancers [19.6% vs 27.9%, P = 0.003]. Compared to USB patients, CB presented at more advanced stage, III and IV [44.2% vs 35.2%], p = 0.016. In spite of higher advanced stage at diagnoses, CB patients had a better breast cancer overall survival [HR = 0.75; 95%CI, 0.59-0.96; P = 0.024]. Black Hispanic patients had a better overall survival [HR = 0.51; 95%CI, 0.28-0.93; p = 0.028] compared to non-Hispanic Blacks. Compared to Hispanic Caribbean, non-Hispanic Caribbean had a worse overall survival [HR = 1.98; 95%CI, 1.00-3.94; P = 0.048]. The distribution of patients treated at the private cancer center and the safety net hospital were the same, differences in outcomes observed are due to intrinsic differences. Conclusions: This is the largest analysis to date of self-identified Black breast cancer patients in the context of nativity, race, ethnic identity and overall survival with clinico-pathologic characteristics. CB immigrants diagnosed with breast cancer have a better overall survival than US born Black patients. This finding suggests that within the African diaspora in the USA, additional factors beyond race contribute to the outcomes.
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Raleigh, V. Soni, and R. Balarajan. "Suicide and Self-burning Among Indians and West Indians in England and Wales." British Journal of Psychiatry 161, no. 3 (September 1992): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.161.3.365.
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Suicide levels in England and Wales during 1979–83 were low among males from the Indian subcontinent (SMR 73) and significantly high in young Indian women (age-specific ratios 273 and 160 at ages 15–24 and 25–34 respectively). Suicide levels were low in Caribbeans (SMRs 81 and 62 in men and women respectively) and high in East Africans (SMRs 128 and 148 in men and women respectively). The excess in East Africans (most of whom are of Indian origin) was largely confined to younger ages. Immigrant groups had significantly higher rates of suicide by burning, with a ninefold excess among women of Indian origin. The pressures leading to higher suicide levels among young women of Indian origin highlight the need for making appropriate forms of support and counselling available to this community.
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Mistry, Nisha, Jonathan Shapero, Roopal V. Kundu, and Harvey Shapero. "Toxic Effects of Skin-Lightening Products in Canadian Immigrants." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 15, no. 5 (September 2011): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7750.2011.10069.
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Background: The cultural practice of skin bleaching is highly prevalent in Africa. Most reported cases of toxic effects of skin-lightening products occur in this region. Objective: To describe cases of misuse of over-the-counter (OTC) cosmetic skin-lightening products occurring in Canadian immigrants. Methods: Two cases of Canadian immigrants with severe complications from OTC skin-bleaching agents were identified in a community-based dermatology practice in Toronto. The case histories were reviewed and analyzed. Results: A 28-year-old African-Canadian woman developed extensive striae from long-term use of a topical cream containing clobetasol that she had purchased in a Caribbean health food store. A 55-year-old African-Canadian woman developed exogenous ochronosis from the use of a topical bleaching agent she had purchased in Ghana. Conclusion: Cosmetic skin lightening with unregulated topical products occurs in Canada. Dermatologists working in Canada need to be aware of this practice to provide appropriate directive care.
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Neeleman, Jan, Vivienne Mak, and Simon Wessely. "Suicide by age, ethnic group, coroners' verdicts and country of birth." British Journal of Psychiatry 171, no. 5 (November 1997): 463–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.171.5.463.
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BackgroundInformation on suicide in ethnic and immigrant groups in England and Wales is limited.MethodA three-year (1991–1993) survey was conducted of all unnatural deaths of residents of an urban area. ‘True likely’ and official’ age-adjusted suicide rates were compared by ethnicity and, for Whites, birthplace.ResultsIrrespective of verdict, 329 likely suicides were identified. Relatively few ethnic minority and White immigrant suicides had received a suicide verdict. Afro-Caribbeans had relatively low, and young Indian women relatively high suicide rates. Rates of Scottish- and Irish-born residents were 2.1 to 2.9 times higher than the local base rate. Young White males' rates were higher than those of the elderly.ConclusionsClassification of suicide is biased with respect to ethnicity and national origin. Rate patterns for ethnic minority groups reflect patterns seen in attempted suicide. In this deprived area, young White male suicide rates have surpassed those among the old.
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Zapkin, Phillip. "Petrifyin’: Canonical Counter-Discourse in Two Caribbean Women’s Medusa Poems." Humanities 11, no. 1 (February 7, 2022): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11010024.
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This essay utilizes Helen Tiffin’s idea of canonical counter-discourse to read the Medusa poems of Shara McCallum and Dorothea Smartt, two female Caribbean poets. Essentially, canonical counter-discourse involves authors rewriting works or giving voice to peripheral/silenced characters from the literary canon to challenge inequalities upheld by power structures such as imperialism and patriarchy. McCallum’s and Smartt’s poems represent Medusa to reflect their own concerns as women of color from Jamaica and Barbados, respectively. McCallum’s “Madwoman as Rasta Medusa” aligns the titular character from her book Madwoman with Medusa to express Madwoman’s righteous anger at the “wanton” and “gravalicious” ways of a Babylon addressed in second person. Smartt’s series of Medusa poems from Connecting Medium explore the pain of hair and skin treatments Black women endure to try and meet Euro-centric beauty standards, as well as the struggles of immigrants, particularly people of color. Both poets claim Medusa as kindred, empowering Medusa as a figure with agency—which she is denied in the Greco-Roman sources—and simultaneously legitimizing both Caribbean literature and the poets’ feminist and post-colonial protests by linking them to the cultural capital of the classics.
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Vaccaro, Annemarie, Holly J. Swanson, Melissa Ann Marcotte, and Barbara M. Newman. "Insights into the Sense of Belonging from Women of Color: Interconnections of Cultural Competence, Expectations, Institutional Diversity, and Counterspaces." JCSCORE 5, no. 2 (December 11, 2019): 32–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2642-2387.2019.5.2.32-65.
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Belonging has been described as a basic human need (Strayhorn, 2012) associated with academic success. Yet, research suggests that students from minoritized social identity groups report a lower sense of belonging than their privileged peers. Data collected via a grounded theory study offer qualitative insight into the development of belonging for Women of Color during their first semester at a predominately white university. In this paper, we use the term Women of Color, as described by Mohanty (1991) to refer to the “sociopolitical designation for [women] of African, Caribbean, Asian and Latin American descent, and Native peoples of the U.S. [and]… new immigrants to the U.S.” (p. 7). Rich student narratives reveal previously undocumented interconnections among the development of a sense of belonging, cultural competency, unmet expectations, lack of compositional and structural diversity, and campus counterspaces.
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Grasmuck, Sherri, and Ramón Grosfoguel. "Geopolitics, Economic Niches, and Gendered Social Capital among Recent Caribbean Immigrants in New York City." Sociological Perspectives 40, no. 3 (September 1997): 339–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389447.
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This article examines the different socio-economic consequences of migration for Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, Cubans, Jamaicans and Haitians in the context of New York City. Migration outcomes are structured by a range of influences, including geopolitics, class selectivity, de-industrialization, ethnic niches and the timing of settlement. Emphasis is placed on the importance of variations in the household structures and gender strategies of these groups for understanding their different socioeconomic situations in the 1990s. Differences in the labor force participation patterns of the women in these communities and the employment traditions upon which they draw have significant consequences for the well-being of the five groups. These cases also question the common assumption that high rates of female headed-households inevitably lead to high rates of poverty, a pattern found among Dominicans and Puerto Ricans but not among Jamaicans and Haitians.
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McGuffey, C. Shawn. "RAPE AND RACIAL APPRAISALS." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 10, no. 1 (2013): 109–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x12000355.
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AbstractUsing Black women's responses to same-race sexual assault, I demonstrate how scholars can use interpersonal violence to understand social processes and develop conceptual models. Specifically, I extend the concept of racial appraisal by shifting the focus from how indirect victims (e.g., family and friends) use race to appraise a traumatic event to how survivors themselves deploy race in the aftermath of rape. Relying on 111 interviews with Black women survivors in four cities, I analyze how race, gender, and class intersect and contour interpretations of sexual assault. I argue that African Americans in this study use racially inscribed cultural signifiers to root their understandings of rape within a racist social structure (i.e., a racial appraisal)—which they also perceive as sexist and, for some, classist—that encourages their silence about same-race sexual assault. African and Caribbean immigrants, however, often avoid the language of social structure in their rape accounts and use cultural references to distance themselves from African Americans. Last, I discuss the implications of my findings for Black feminist/intersectional theory.
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Villatoro, Alice P., Vickie M. Mays, Ninez A. Ponce, and Carol S. Aneshensel. "Perceived Need for Mental Health Care: The Intersection of Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Socioeconomic Status." Society and Mental Health 8, no. 1 (August 1, 2017): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156869317718889.
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Racial/ethnic minority populations underutilize mental health services, even relative to psychiatric disorder, and differences in perceived need may contribute to these disparities. Using the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys, we assessed how the intersections of race/ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status affect perceived need. We analyzed a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults (18years or older; N= 14,906), including non-Latino whites, Asian Americans, Latinos, African Americans, and Afro-Caribbeans. Logistic regressions were estimated for the total sample, a clinical need subsample (meets lifetime diagnostic criteria for a psychiatric disorder), and a no disorder subsample. Perceived need varies by gender and nativity, but these patterns are conditional on race/ethnicity. Men are less likely than women to have a perceived need, but only among non-Latino whites and African Americans. Foreign-born immigrants have lower perceived need than U.S.-born persons, but only among Asian Americans. Intersectional approaches to understanding perceived need may help uncover social processes that lead to disparities in mental health care.
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Phillips, Adrienne A., Iuliana Shapira, Robert D. Willim, Jasotha Sanmugarajah, William B. Solomon, Steven M. Horwitz, David G. Savage, Gerald Soff, and Owen A. O’Connor. "A Multicenter Clinicopathologic Experience of HTLV-1 ATLL: A Retrospective 15 Year Review Reveals Little Progress." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 3569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3569.3569.
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Abstract Adult T cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare manifestation of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) which is endemic in Japan, the Caribbean, and regions of Africa and Latin America. Endemic regions have also been identified in the US, primarily where immigrants of endemic countries reside. The NYC metropolitan area has the greatest number of Caribbean-born immigrants to the US which has formed the basis for this retrospective review. A diagnosis of ATLL was made according to the following criteria: a clinical history consistent with ATLL; a positive HTLV-1 antibody by ELISA and Western Blot, or evidence of HTLV-1 proviral integration by PCR; and histological findings compatible with ATLL. A total of 89 patients were identified at 3 institutions in NYC from 8/92 to 5/07. There were 37 men and 52 women with a median age of 50y (range 22 to 82y). All but 6 patients had immigrated to the US from the Caribbean, Latin America or Africa, and the majority were from Jamaica (25.8%) and the Dominican Republic (19.1%). The acute subtype predominated (68.5%), followed by the lymphomatous (20.2%), chronic (6.8%) and smoldering (4.5%) subtypes. The most common presenting symptoms were lymphadenopathy (80.9%) and skin rash (39.3%) and the median ECOG performance status was 3. WBC counts ranged from 3.0 to 334.0 x 109/l (median of 12.5 X 109/l). Hypercalcemia was seen in 71.9% of patients (median calcium level of 13.5 mg/dl, range 9.8 to 27.0 mg/dl). Twenty-eight patients (31.5%) had CNS involvement during their course. The median International Prognostic Index (IPI) was 4. Most patients received a combination-alkylator based chemotherapy regimen in the frontline setting (ex: CHOP) (61.3%), with an overall response rate (ORR) to the frontline treatment of 58.2%. Twenty patients (20.2%) received AZT and IFN at sometime during their course with an ORR of 25%. Twelve patients (13.5%) received a biologically based therapy at sometime during their course, with only two patients achieving a partial response (to alemtuzamab and denileukin diftitox). Despite initial responses to therapy, the median overall survival for all subtypes was 6 mos (range 0.5 to 78.5 mos). Median survival for specific subtypes was noted to be: 4 mos for the acute subtype (range 0.5 to 78.5 mos); 9 mos for the lymphomatous subtype (range 1 to 63 mos), 17 months for the chronic subtype (range 5 to 22 mos) and 34 mos for the smoldering subtype (range 16 to 48 mos). Conclusion: This retrospective series represents one of the largest North American experiences to date among primarily Caribbean descendants. Interestingly, when placed into the context of other experiences published over the past 30 years, it is clear there has been little to no change in the outcome of patients diagnosed with this disease. In fact, this population, with a median overall survival of only 6 mos, represents one of the poorest outcomes reported for any sub-type of lymphoma. These data suggest that radically new ATLL directed therapies are needed. The recent development of several new T-cell active agents, in addition to other strategies (ex: transplantation) need to be specifically studied in this population.
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Hoerder, Dirk. "‘A Genuine Respect for the People’." Journal of Migration History 1, no. 2 (October 29, 2015): 136–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00102001.
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I, first, discuss the ethical and scholarly bases of approaches ‘emancipated’ from mainstream societal discourses. Next, I reinsert into the genealogy of us migration history’s development several ‘early’ research clusters or schools from the 1880s with a focus on other people than white western and northern Europeans. Third, I argue that, in a subsequent phase, such approaches coalesced around Franz Boas and what I call the Columbia University/ Barnard School of interdisciplinary research from the 1890s to the 1950s. Both men and women were part of this group working in the spatial-intellectual context of New York City’s Ellis Island, Greenwich Village, and Harlem. In addition, a network of cooperative scholarly transnational relationships emerged esp. to Polish post-1918 scholarship. I will focus on the Columbia-Barnard scholars’ research on (a) European immigrants and exiles, (b) Mexican migration to and life-ways in the us, and (c) African American (more precisely: ‘African-us’) and African-Caribbean cultures. To emphasise agency and networks I will emphasize individual scholars’ contributions and connections. The question, why this scholarship was ignored or (deliberately?) forgotten, remains latent but any suggestion for an answer can be made.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 73, no. 3-4 (January 1, 1999): 111–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002582.
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-Michael D. Olien, Edmund T. Gordon, Disparate Diasporas: Identity and politics in an African-Nicaraguan community.Austin: University of Texas Press, 1998. xiv + 330 pp.-Donald Cosentino, Margarite Fernández Olmos ,Sacred possessions: Vodou, Santería, Obeah, and the Caribbean. New Brunswick NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1997. viii + 312 pp., Lizabeth Paravisini-Gebert (eds)-John P. Homiak, Lorna McDaniel, The big drum ritual of Carriacou: Praisesongs in rememory of flight. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998. xiv + 198 pp.-Julian Gerstin, Gerdès Fleurant, Dancing spirits: Rhythms and rituals of Haitian Vodun, the Rada Rite. Westport CT: Greenwood, 1996. xvi + 240 pp.-Rose-Marie Chierici, Alex Stepick, Pride against Prejudice: Haitians in the United States. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 1998. x + 134 pp.-Rose-Marie Chierici, Flore Zéphir, Haitian immigrants in Black America: A sociological and sociolinguistic portrait. Westport CT: Bergin & Garvey, 1996. xvi + 180 pp.-Luis Martínez-Fernández, Rosalie Schwartz, Pleasure Island: Tourism and temptation in Cuba. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997. xxiv + 239 pp.-Jorge L. Giovannetti, My footsteps in Baraguá. Script and direction by Gloria Rolando. VHS, 53 minutes. Havana: Mundo Latino, 1996.-Gert Oostindie, Mona Rosendahl, Inside the revolution: Everyday life in socialist Cuba. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997. x + 194 pp.-Frank Argote-Freyre, Lisa Brock ,Between race and empire: African-Americans and Cubans before the Cuban revolution. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1998. xii + 298 pp., Digna Castañeda Fuertes (eds)-José E. Cruz, Frances Negrón-Muntaner ,Puerto Rican Jam: Rethinking colonialism and nationalism. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997. x + 303 pp., Ramón Grosfoguel (eds)-Helen I. Safa, Félix V. Matos Rodríguez ,Puerto Rican Women's history: New perspectives. Armonk NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1998. x + 262 pp., Linda C. Delgado (eds)-Arlene Torres, Jean P. Peterman, Telling their stories: Puerto Rican Women and abortion. Boulder CO: Westview Press, 1996. ix + 112 pp.-Trevor W. Purcell, Philip Sherlock ,The story of the Jamaican People. Kingston: Ian Randle; Princeton: Markus Wiener, 1998. xii + 434 pp., Hazel Bennett (eds)-Howard Fergus, Donald Harman Akenson, If the Irish ran the world: Montserrat, 1630-1730. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1997. xii + 273 pp.-John S. Brierley, Lawrence S. Grossman, The political ecology of bananas: Contract farming, peasants, and agrarian change in the Eastern Caribbean. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998. xx + 268 pp.-Mindie Lazarus-Black, Jeannine M. Purdy, Common law and colonised peoples: Studies in Trinidad and Western Australia. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate Dartmouth, 1997. xii + 309.-Stephen Slemon, Barbara Lalla, Defining Jamaican fiction: Marronage and the discourse of survival. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1996. xi + 224 pp.-Stephen Slemon, Renu Juneja, Caribbean transactions: West Indian culture in literature.-Sue N. Greene, Richard F. Patteson, Caribbean Passages: A critical perspective on new fiction from the West Indies. Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1998. ix + 187 pp.-Harold Munneke, Ivelaw L. Griffith ,Democracy and human rights in the Caribbean. Boulder CO: Westview Press, 1997. vii + 278 pp., Betty N. Sedoc-Dahlberg (eds)-Francisco E. Thoumi, Ivelaw Lloyd Griffith, Drugs and security in the Caribbean: Sovereignty under seige. University Park: Penn State University Press, 1997. xx + 295 pp.-Michiel Baud, Eric Paul Roorda, The dictator next door: The good neighbor policy and the Trujillo regime in the Dominican republic, 1930-1945. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 1998. xii + 337 pp.-Peter Mason, Wim Klooster, The Dutch in the Americas 1600-1800. Providence RI: The John Carter Brown Library, 1997. xviii + 101 pp.-David R. Watters, Aad H. Versteeg ,The archaeology of Aruba: The Tanki Flip site. Oranjestad; Archaeological Museum Aruba, 1997. 518 pp., Stéphen Rostain (eds)
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Asha, S. "History in the Attic: Search for Roots in Ramabai Espinet’s The Swinging Bridge." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, no. 2 (February 27, 2021): 82–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i2.10908.
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In most of diaspora literature there is an attempt to retrieve the past. This makes one measure time in many ways, different calendars, change of seasons, past encounters narrated through wars, defeats, encounters and disasters. It is remembered through family history, ancestral heritage, nostalgia, memory and even through national disasters. This interaction portrays the immigrants caught in flight of memories, relationships and images. The relocation has its disgust for one thing or the other. The author has to live in the reminiscences, a collective memory representing a symbolic relationship between past and present. The Swinging Bridge by Ramabai Espinet chronicles the multiple exiles that are part of the Indian experience in the Caribbean and Canada through two figures one from the past- great grandmother Gainder and the other from the present - Mona, the protagonist. The novel commemorates the maternal roots and routes of Indo-Caribbean history by establishing the subjectivity of widows and young girls from India who crossed the Kala Pani (Black waters of the Atlantic) in search of new beginnings in Trinidad and the great-grand-daughter who engages in an existential quest for selfhood in Canada. Grief motivates a flood of personal memories as Mona begins to remember intimate details of family life that had been repressed under the cover of migration. Bits and pieces of the past, fragments scattered in various places, childhood memories, overheard conversations, prayer songs, all come together in the attic. She explores the secret songs, photographs and letters giving her a powerful voice for her culture, her family, her fellow women and for herself. Mona’s drive to document history enables her to reveal the family’s carefully guarded secrets- domestic violence, drunken rampages, sexual abuse, illegitimate children, and even AIDS. This paper seeks to analyse the novel’s diasporic contents and find out whether this attempt at retrieval of the past brings about a change in the perception of today’s generation. The author brings to light the problems of a plural society calling for need for relationships and need for mutual respect- all to avoid conflict situations through this effective tracing of history in the novel.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 60, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1986): 55–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002066.
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-John Parker, Norman J.W. Thrower, Sir Francis Drake and the famous voyage, 1577-1580. Los Angeles: University of California Press, Contributions of the UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies Vol. 11, 1984. xix + 214 pp.-Franklin W. Knight, B.W. Higman, Trade, government and society in Caribbean history 1700-1920. Kingston: Heinemann Educational Books, 1983. xii + 172 pp.-A.J.R. Russel-Wood, Lyle N. McAlister, Spain and Portugal in the New World, 1492-1700. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, Europe and the World in the Age of Expansion Volume III, 1984. xxxi + 585 pp.-Tony Martin, John Gaffar la Guerre, The social and political thought of the colonial intelligentsia. Mona, Jamaica: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, 1982. 136 pp.-Egenek K. Galbraith, Raymond T. Smith, Kinship ideology and practice in Latin America. Chapel Hill NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1984. 341 pp.-Anthony P. Maingot, James Pack, Nelson's blood: the story of naval rum. Annapolis MD, U.S.A.: Naval Institute Press and Havant Hampshire, U.K.: Kenneth Mason, 1982. 200 pp.-Anthony P. Maingot, Hugh Barty-King ,Rum: yesterday and today. London: William Heineman, 1983. xviii + 264 pp., Anton Massel (eds)-Helen I. Safa, Alejandro Portes ,Latin journey: Cuban and Mexican immigrants in the United States. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985. xxi + 387 pp., Robert L. Bach (eds)-Wayne S. Smith, Carlos Franqui, Family portrait wth Fidel: a memoir. New York: Random House, 1984. xxiii + 263 pp.-Sergio G. Roca, Claes Brundenius, Revolutionary Cuba: the challenge of economic growth with equity. Boulder CO: Westview Press and London: Heinemann, 1984. xvi + 224 pp.-H. Hoetink, Bernardo Vega, La migración española de 1939 y los inicios del marxismo-leninismo en la República Dominicana. Santo Domingo: Fundación Cultural Dominicana, 1984. 208 pp.-Antonio T. Díaz-Royo, César Andreú-Iglesias, Memoirs of Bernardo Vega: a contribution to the history of the Puerto Rican community in New York. Translated by Juan Flores. New York and London: Monthly Review, 1984. xix + 243 pp.-Mariano Negrón-Portillo, Harold J. Lidin, History of the Puerto Rican independence movement: 20th century. Maplewood NJ; Waterfront Press, 1983. 250 pp.-Roberto DaMatta, Teodore Vidal, Las caretas de cartón del Carnaval de Ponce. San Juan: Ediciones Alba, 1983. 107 pp.-Manuel Alvarez Nazario, Nicolás del Castillo Mathieu, Esclavos negros en Cartagena y sus aportes léxicos. Bogotá: Institute Caro y Cuervo, 1982. xvii + 247 pp.-J.T. Gilmore, P.F. Campbell, The church in Barbados in the seventeenth century. Garrison, Barbados; Barbados Museum and Historical Society, 1982. 188 pp.-Douglas K. Midgett, Neville Duncan ,Women and politics in Barbados 1948-1981. Cave Hill, Barbados: Institute of Social and Economic Research (Eastern Caribbean), Women in the Caribbean Project vol. 3, 1983. x + 68 pp., Kenneth O'Brien (eds)-Ken I. Boodhoo, Maurice Bishop, Forward ever! Three years of the Grenadian Revolution. Speeches of Maurice Bishop. Sydney: Pathfinder Press, 1982. 287 pp.-Michael L. Conniff, Velma Newton, The silver men: West Indian labour migration to Panama, 1850-1914. Kingston: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, 1984. xx + 218 pp.-Robert Dirks, Frank L. Mills ,Christmas sports in St. Kitts: our neglected cultural tradition. With lessons by Bertram Eugene. Frederiksted VI: Eastern Caribbean Institute, 1984. iv + 66 pp., S.B. Jones-Hendrickson (eds)-Catherine L. Macklin, Virginia Kerns, Woman and the ancestors: Black Carib kinship and ritual. Urbana IL: University of Illinois Press, 1983. xv + 229 pp.-Marian McClure, Brian Weinstein ,Haiti: political failures, cultural successes. New York: Praeger (copublished with Hoover Institution Press, Stanford), 1984. xi + 175 pp., Aaron Segal (eds)-A.J.F. Köbben, W.S.M. Hoogbergen, De Boni-oorlogen, 1757-1860: marronage en guerilla in Oost-Suriname (The Boni wars, 1757-1860; maroons and guerilla warfare in Eastern Suriname). Bronnen voor de studie van Afro-amerikaanse samenlevinen in de Guyana's, deel 11 (Sources for the Study of Afro-American Societies in the Guyanas, no. 11). Dissertation, University of Utrecht, 1985. 527 pp.-Edward M. Dew, Baijah Mhango, Aid and dependence: the case of Suriname, a study in bilateral aid relations. Paramaribo: SWI, Foundation in the Arts and Sciences, 1984. xiv + 171 pp.-Edward M. Dew, Sandew Hira, Balans van een coup: drie jaar 'surinaamse revolutie.' Rotterdam: Futile (Blok & Flohr), 1983. 175 pp.-Ian Robertson, John A. Holm ,Dictionary of Bahamian English. New York: Lexik House Publishers, 1982. xxxix + 228 pp., Alison Watt Shilling (eds)-Erica Williams Connell, Paul Sutton, Commentary: A reply from Williams Connell (to the review by Anthony Maingot in NWIG 57:89-97).
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Samayoa, Ivan A., Nour Makarem, Vivian Cao, Moorea Maguire, Huaqing Xi, Citina Liang, Elsa-grace V. Giardina, and Brooke A. Aggarwal. "Abstract P199: Sleep Health Varies By Immigration Status And Acculturation Level In Women: Results From The American Heart Association Go Red For Women Strategically Focused Research Network." Circulation 143, Suppl_1 (May 25, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.143.suppl_1.p199.
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Introduction: The Healthy Immigrant Effect refers to the phenomenon that recent immigrants are on average healthier than their native-born counterparts. Greater immigrant acculturation to the US has been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), frequently attributed to factors including the adoption of Western diets and decreased physical activity. While immigrants may have healthier habits than US adults, which may confer protection from CVD, there is little research on sleep health, particularly in immigrant women. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that immigrants, particularly those with greater acculturation, would have more sleep problems. Methods: Baseline data from a 1-y, community-based cohort of 506 women (61% racial/ethnic minority, mean age=37±16y) was used to evaluate cross-sectional associations between acculturation and sleep. Women self-reported their immigration status and national origin. Acculturation was measured from responses to questions regarding language preference, nativity (sorted by regions: Asia, Caribbean, Latin America, other), length of residency in the US, and age at immigration. Sleep duration, sleep quality, risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and insomnia were assessed using validated questionnaires. Logistic regression models adjusted for age, health insurance, education and BMI were used to evaluate associations between acculturation measures and sleep characteristics. Results: Women who were immigrants (n=176) reported lower mean sleep duration (6.60 ± 1.25 vs. 6.85 ± 1.22 h, p=0.02) compared to non-immigrants (n=323); non-immigrants were more likely than immigrants to sleep ≥7h/night (OR: 1.50, CI: 1.01-2.22, p=0.04). Women who immigrated to the US before vs. after age 25 y had lower odds of having sleep onset latency ≥26 min (OR:0.97, CI:0.95-1.00, p=0.03). Immigrant women living in the US >10y vs. <10y had more than 2-fold higher odds of having longer sleep onset latency (≥26 min) (OR:2.43, CI:1.09-5.41, p=0.03). Immigrants from the Caribbean were more likely than immigrants from other regions to be at a high risk for OSA (OR:2.65, CI:1.07-6.55, p=0.04). Conclusions: Compared to non-immigrants, immigrant women exhibit shorter habitual sleep duration. Sleep problems may vary by age of immigration, years lived in the US, and region of origin, as those who immigrated when they were older and those who had lived in the US>10 y required more time to fall asleep and Caribbean immigrants had higher OSA risk.
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McFarlane, Tracy A. "Experiencing Difference, Seeking Community: Racial, Panethnic, and National Identities Among Female Caribbean-Born U.S. College Students." American Review of Political Economy 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.38024/arpe.122.
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Multiple, intersecting sites of social identification provide communities in which Caribbean-born women in U.S. colleges may claim membership, while simultaneously indicating social markers of difference. Data from focus groups conducted at two NYC colleges show how social sites of race, nationality, and panethnicity shape identity and exclusion for these participants and how this identification impacts their psychological well-being and the pursuit of their goals. The findings illustrate the complexity of cross-cultural adjustment within social contexts and emphasize the effects of intersecting social identities on personal and interpersonal experiences. The evidence of exclusion underscores the challenges to full citizenship for Caribbean immigrant women in U.S. colleges. However, the sites of belonging identified in this data have relevance for enhancing Caribbean immigrant women’s cross-cultural adjustment, their experience of community, and ultimately, their full participation in the political economy of their sending countries and that of the Unites States. These findings indicate the importance of extending U.S. higher education’s response to foreign-born female students. This paper invites the reader to consider the impact of exclusion and belonging on Caribbean immigrant women’s higher education experience and hence, their potential for involvement in the transnational production, exchange and distribution of wealth.
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Rahming, Sophia Glenyse. "STEM Glass Ceiling." Journal of International Students 12, no. 1 (July 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v12i1.3367.
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Afro-Caribbean women initially construct their science identity outside of the U.S. in unique sociocultural contexts where Black is dominant and British-styled instruction remains intact. Afro-Caribbean women often experience the “triple threat” minoritizing effects of being Black, female, and international/non-immigrant when they pursue STEM education and careers in the United States. Using grounded theory methods, I gathered the narratives of eight Afro-Caribbean women in STEM education or careers in the United States to examine how citizenship/immigration status influenced their STEM trajectories. Participants described how their educational and career aspirations were either supported or constrained by citizenship. Immigration status, therefore, operated as a figurative glass ceiling for some of the Afro- Caribbean women in this study limiting degree and career choice.
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Cainzos-Achirica, Miguel, Emili Vela, Montse Cleries, Usama Bilal, Josepa Mauri, Maria Jesus Pueyo, Alba Rosas, et al. "Cardiovascular risk factors and disease among non-European immigrants living in Catalonia." Heart, February 28, 2019, heartjnl—2018–314436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2018-314436.
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ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular risk factors, established cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cardiovascular medication use, among immigrant individuals of diverse national origins living in Catalonia (Spain), a region receiving large groups of immigrants from all around the world, and with universal access to healthcare.MethodsWe conducted a population-based analysis including >6 million adult individuals living in Catalonia, using the local administrative healthcare databases. Immigrants were classified in 6 World Bank geographic areas: Latin America/Caribbean, North Africa/Middle East, sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia and South Asia. Prevalence calculations were set as of 31 December 2017.ResultsImmigrant groups were younger than the local population; despite this, the prevalence of CVD risk factors and of established CVD was very high in some immigrant subgroups compared with local individuals. South Asians had the highest prevalence of diabetes, and of hyperlipidemia among adults aged <55 years; hypertension was highly prevalent among sub-Saharan Africans, and obesity was most common among women of African and South Asian ancestry. In this context, South Asians had the highest prevalence of coronary heart disease across all groups, and of heart failure among women. Heart failure was also highly prevalent in African women.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of risk factors and established CVD among South Asians and sub-Saharan Africans stresses the need for tailored, aggressive health promotion interventions. These are likely to be beneficial in Catalonia, and in countries receiving similar migratory fluxes, as well as in their countries of origin.
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Florian, Sandra, Chenoa Flippen, and Emilio Parrado. "The Labor Force Trajectories of Immigrant Women in the United States: Intersecting Individual and Gendered Cohort Characteristics." International Migration Review, March 31, 2022, 019791832210767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01979183221076781.
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Research on immigrant women's labor market incorporation has increased in recent years, yet systematic comparisons of employment trajectories by national origin and over time remain rare. Likewise, the literature on immigrant assimilation remains dominated by attention to men, with little focus on larger gendered migration dynamics. Using US Census and ACS data from 1990 to 2016, we construct synthetic migration cohorts by national/regional origin, period, and age at arrival to track immigrant women's labor force participation (LFP) over time. We propose and model a typology of workforce incorporation, adjusting for individual characteristics and gendered migration-cohort characteristics (i.e., the gender ratio, share of women arriving single, and share of men arriving with a college education). Results indicate that immigrant women gradually join the workforce over time, though with significant variation in starting employment levels and growth rates. We classify the observed patterns into a five-group typology: Gradual incorporation (cohorts from Europe, Canada, Africa, China, and Vietnam), delayed incorporation with low entry LFP level (cohorts from Mexico), delayed incorporation with moderate entry LFP level (cohorts from Central America, South America, and Cuba), accelerated incorporation (cohorts from India, Korea, and other Asian countries), and continuous intensive employment (cohorts from the Philippines and the Caribbean). We show that gendered migration cohort characteristics explain a substantial share of national/regional origin variation in immigrant women's workforce participation, highlighting the importance of broader cultural and structural forces shaping gendered patterns of immigrant labor market incorporation.
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Dixon, Sandra. "Intersectionality of Cultural Identities in Health Psychology: Key Recommendations for Working With African-Caribbean Immigrant Women." Frontiers in Sociology 4 (July 23, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2019.00051.
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Massicard, Mickael, Kinan Drak Alsibai, Mathieu Nacher, and Nadia Sabbah. "Nutritional and Socioeconomic Determinants of Overweight and Obesity in the French Amazon: The Health Barometer Study." Frontiers in Endocrinology 13 (April 12, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.849718.
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ObjectivesFrench Guiana is a multicultural overseas territory where obesity is a major public health problem. This study aimed to highlight the nutritional and socioeconomic determinants of overweight and obesity in different populations in French Guiana.MethodsA two-stage random sample of 1390 individuals aged 15 to 75 years was surveyed by telephone, and the participants were initially screened for diabetes. Logistic regression was fitted on the sample to adjust for potential confounding factors.ResultsOverweight and obesity were found in 54.7% of the respondents, a higher proportion than in mainland France. There was a significant body image discrepancy in our population, with a higher risk of obesity among single women, often immigrants from the non-French Caribbean and South America, unemployed or low education.ConclusionsThe main factors associated with obesity were being a precariousness immigrant; there was often a mismatch between body image and overweight/obesity, which is a major obstacle to the improvement of dietary behaviors and lifestyle. This information provides operational clues as to where to act and the necessary adaptations to attempt to modify behaviors in a culturally-adapted manner.
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AlJaberi, Hana. "Developing Culturally Sensitive mHealth Applications for Caribbean Immigrant Women to Use During Pregnancy: Focus Group Study (Preprint)." JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting, January 6, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/pediatrics.9787.
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Valerio, L., J. M. Escribà, J. Fernández-Vázquez, C. Roca, J. Milozzi, L. Solsona, and I. Molina. "Biogeographical origin and varicella risk in the adult immigration population in Catalonia, Spain (2004-2006)." Eurosurveillance 14, no. 37 (September 17, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/ese.14.37.19332-en.
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Immigrants to the European Union may have a higher susceptibility to varicella-zoster virus primo-infection than the indigenous population. There is no evidence as yet that this is caused by genetic or social factors. Therefore, susceptibility could be due to a lesser transmission of the virus in their ecosystems of origin. A multicentre observational study was performed from July 2004 to June 2006 in four primary healthcare centres in Catalonia, Spain, monitoring varicella incidences and comparing standardised incidence rates and standardised rate ratios among different populations classified according to their biogeographical origin (holarctic, Asian paleotropical, African paleotropical or neotropical). Overall, 516 varicella cases were recorded. The standardised incidence rates per 1,000 inhabitants per year were: holarctic: 2.17 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.95-2.39); autochthonous 2.26 (95% CI: 2.03-2.49); immigrants 3.59 (95% CI: 2.92-4.26); neotropical 4.50 (95% CI: 3.28-5.71); non-holarctic 5.38 (95% CI: 4.27-6.14); Asian paleotropical 7.03 (95% CI: 4.77-9.28); and African paleotropical 7.05 (95% CI: 1.12-23.58). The difference to the autochthonous population was greatest in immigrants of neotropical origin (standardised rate ratio = 2.07 (95% CI: 1.61-2.64) or 4.5 excess cases per 1,000 inhabitants per year) and Asian paleotropical origin (standardised rate ratio = 3.24 (95% CI: 2.47-4.11) or 9.6 excess cases per 1,000 inhabitants per year). Biogeographical origin may therefore account for the vulnerability of certain immigrant populations to varicella, in particular those from Asian paleotropical (Indostan and Southest Asia) and neotropical (South America and the Caribbean) ecosystems. Vaccination of immigrants at high risk (fertile women, healthcare workers) could be recommendable.