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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cargo'
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1
Abd, Rahman F. N. "Shipper liability for cargo." Thesis, City, University of London, 2018. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/20086/.
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This research is important for the determination of the basis of shipper liability, in particular whether the fault of the shipper is taken into account or whether the shipper’s liability is strict. The research question asks to what extent the mental element of the shipper is relevant to the determination of the shipper’s liability for cargo. The researcher seeks to prove that although the rules seek to distinguish between liabilities which are fault-based and those which attract strict liability, considerations made in the determination of liability results in an unclear line being drawn between the two. The minimal application and the limited existence of fault-based rules would be consistent with the overall nature of the strict contractual liabilities of the shipper.
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Prášek, Martin. "Návrh prefabrikované haly CARGO." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372303.
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Master’s thesis describes the structural design and static analysis of selected elements of prefabricated reinforced concrete industrial building, that will be used as storage hall. Purpose of thesis is elaboration of assembly drawings of the project documentation and drawings of formwork and reinforcement assembly of selected elements. Calculations were performed in computer programs for static analysis SCIA Engineer 16, IDEA StatiCa and FIN EC. Drawing were made in programs Allplan 2016 and AutoCad 2015.
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Mikkelsen, Anna, and Moa Wernberg. "Applying strategic design to stand out in the cargo bike market. : Development of a cargo bike for non-cargo bike people." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263229.
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This report presents a master’s degree project in Integrated Product Design at KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, on behalf of the company Rawbike. The purpose was tod evelop a design and construction proposal for a cargo bike from a strategic market perspective, that could broaden the audience of Rawbike to include more female users. The Rawhauler is a powerful cargo bike with attitude for those who need an agile, multifunctional and modular cargo solution. The Rawhauler makes it possible to carry heavyloads and climb the steepest of hills while having a pleasant biking experience in crowded commuter traffic. Literature studies and strategic tools were used to design a branding strategy where a smallcompany like Rawbike can develop a strong brand to stand out in the crowd. User centredstudies were conducted to ensure a product well adapted to the needs and wants of its users. The insights gained from these two fields were then used to develop a competitive concept thatboth extended the existing portfolio and appealed to the whole Rawbike community, regardlessof gender.I denna rapport redovisas ett examensarbete på mastersnivå inom utbildningen Teknisk Design på Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan i Stockholm, på uppdrag av företaget Rawbike. Syftet med projektarbetet var att skapa ett marknadsstrategiskt design- och konstruktionsförslag på en lastcykel som skulle kunna bredda Rawbikes befintliga publik och inkludera fler kvinnliga användare. Rawhaulern är en kraftfull lastcykel med attityd för dig som behöver en smidig, multifunktionell och anpassningsbar lastlösning. Rawhaulerns möjliggör för att kunna ta rejält med last där du kan bestiga även de brantaste av backar och ha en härlig cykelupplevelse i trång cykelpendlingstrafik. Litteraturstudier och marknadsstrategiska verktyg användes för att utforma en varumärkesstrategi där ett litet företag som Rawbike kan sticka ut ur mängden med ett starktvarumärke. Användarcentrerade studier genomfördes för att kunna skapa en produkt välförankrad i användarens behov och begär. Insikterna från dessa två områden användes sedan för ta fram ett konkurrenskraftigt koncept som både utökade befintlig produktportfölj och kunde gå hem hos alla, oavsett kön, i Rawbikes community.
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Jansson, Karin, and Jenny Jonasson. "Green Cargo : En fallstudie hur Green Cargo kan bli mer attraktiv i Örnsköldsvik." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet (USBE), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-46423.
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Stenkvist, Niklas. "Design of a cargo fastening device with a load indicator for heavy cargo." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för maskin- och materialteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33401.
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The aim of this thesis was to develop a new turnbuckle for fastening containers on cargo ships. The design was supposed to indicate whether the turnbuckle could be re-used, i.e. it hadn't plastically deformed. This indication could reduce the risk of a turnbuckle breaking during transport, since turnbuckles that have been exposed to a load above their safe working load would indicate this. \newline In total 25 different concepts were developed and put through two different elimination matrices which were evaluated against a requirement specification. The final design had calculated stress of 630 MPa at breaking load and 472 MPa proof load, the loads are defined by Germanischer Lloyd. A concept for measurement of the deformation of the turnbuckle was developed, however it is in need of further development and testing before it can be implemented. A suggestion of manufacturing method, material and surface treatment has been given, but prototype testing is required to verify the design and ensure adequate corrosion protection.
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Ahola, David, and To Jie Yin. "To be entered/Green Cargo." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-94540.
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Schemakonstruktion för järnvägspersonal är en stor utmaning. En orsak är att arbetsuppgifterna vid järnvägen kräver olika kunskaps- och kompetenskrav, samt att det finns många arbetsregler som utgör restriktioner för schemakonstruktionen. I detta examensarbete har en fallstudie utförts för datorstödd schemakonstruktion för personalbemanning. Examensarbetet har utförts vid avdelningen för bemanningsplanering som ansvarar för planering av personal vid två av Green Cargos olika bangårdar. Huvudsyftet med det här examensarbetet är att utreda skillnaderna i scheman som skapats manuellt respektive automatiskt med hjälp av programvaran BP. Schemajämförelserna ska också redovisa nyttan av det automatiska planeringssättet där det finns applicerat. Under arbetet genomfördes litteraturstudier samt en fallstudie. I fallstudien genomfördes testkörningar med olika schemakonstruktionsmetoder på två bangårdar. Det numeriska resultatet visar att den datorassisterade bemanningsmetoden innebär en förbättrad bemanningsplanering ur företagets synvinkel då produktionsbehovet kan täckas utan ökade kostnader. Detta innebär också en ökad flexibilitet i produktionsplaneringen då tjänstgöringsturer enkelt kan ändras. Det gör det också mycket enklare att tilldela personal olika arbetsuppgifter som de har kompetens för. Den optimeringsbaserade bemanningsplanen innebär inte en ökad arbetsbelastning för medarbetaren. Trots att fler bangårdstjänster kan bemannas genom att använda den datorassisterade metoden visar det sig att den totala utlagda arbetstiden inte alls ökar eller att den bara ökar marginellt för vissa medarbetare. När planering sker med programvaran styrs denna av parametrar som är lätta att ändra. Dessa inställningar av parametrar är avgörande för utseendet på schemat. Indata kan vara fridagsplanering, kompetenstillgång och produktionsbehov. De i sin tur avgör i betydande grad på hur balansen mellan livs- och ekonomiska kvalitetsmåtten ser ut för medarbetarna.
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Ju, Lei. "Assessment of ship cargo liquefaction." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2017. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27907.
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Liquefaction of fine particle cargoes such as unprocessed nickel ore and iron ore, resulting in cargo shift and loss of stability of ships, has caused the loss of many lives in marine casualties over the recent few years. Since the dangers of cargo liquefaction have long been known to the shipping industry, the question of why the phenomenon is resurfacing now would be a legitimate one. Under the requirements of International Maritime Bulk Solid Cargoes (IMSBC) Code adopted by the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization, the moisture content of the cargo that may liquefy shall be kept less than its Transportable Moisture Limit (TML) in advance of loading, as determined from one of three laboratory test methods specified in IMSBC code. However, the accuracy of these methods is still not understood and the TML result varies particularly when conducted in different laboratories or in different methods for a given sample (Rose, 2014). Considering the ambiguity of testing (unavailability or non-compliance) and the variability in cargo properties and state as well as conditions that can lead to liquefaction (pertaining to ship design and operation and to environmental conditions), it is necessary to investigate the root causes that trigger the phenomenon and address the problem in a comprehensive manner. On the other hand, despite the positive steps that have been taken towards prevention of such shipping accidents, IMSBC code appears to have certain limitations and leaves the shipper responsible to involve the competent authority and the operator for the characterization of the cargo and the hazards it entails for the ship and its crew, if in doubt. This thesis, therefore, gives consideration to the development of the numerical simulation method to the ship cargo liquefaction, which could be feasibly used as a reference and possibly support a suitable regulatory framework for the liquefaction analysis of cargoes.
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Chini, Filippo. "Il problema "Air Cargo Loading Planning"." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22231/.
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In questo lavoro si presenta una descrizione del processo completo di caricamento di un aereo cargo: dalla pianificazione del volo al posizionamento delle unità di carico a bordo. Il processo completo è noto in letteratura con il nome di “Air Cargo Loading Planning Problem”. Questo problema generale può essere scomposto in quattro passaggi, l’ultimo dei quali è la fase di posizionamento di unità di carico (ULD) a bordo dell’aeromobile. Questo sotto-problema viene denominato “Weight and Balance Problem” (WBP). L’obiettivo di questa tesi è stata la costruzione e implementazione di un modello di programmazione lineare intera mista (MIP) per la risoluzione del WBP applicato a un volo cargo con tragitto multi tappa, cioè il caso in cui il volo spezza il tragitto tra due aeroporti con delle fermate intermedie in cui possono essere effettuate operazioni di scarico/carico. L'obiettivo è quello di raggiungere il miglior bilanciamento possibile cercando di minimizzare il numero delle operazioni a terra negli aeroporti intermedi. Si è poi esteso questo modello al caso in cui sulla stessa tratta operi una flotta di aerei. Infine si presentano alcuni risultati ottenuti applicando il modello costruito ad alcune istanze test che simulano un piano di volo sotto tre diversi scenari.
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Popescu, Andreea. "Air cargo revenue and capacity management." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11202006-095545/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Industrial & Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.Dr. Dirk Gunther, Committee Member ; Dr. Hayriye Ayhan, Committee Member ; Dr. Ellis L. Johnson, Committee Chair ; Dr. Pinar Keskinocak, Committee Co-Chair ; Dr. Julie Swann, Committee Member
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Veksler, Aleksander Vladimirovitsj. "In-transit cargo transfer between ships." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Engineering Cybernetics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-8964.
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Cargo transfer between two vessels at sea requires the ramp connection between the vessels to be as stable as possible. The complex nature of the system makes employing control methods difficult. This thesis explores two ideas for improving performance of the interconnected system. First idea examines the possibility of actuating the smaller of the vessels with fins, so as to reduce the relative movement between the two points where the ramp is connected to the ships. The second idea using the larger ship to shield the smaller one from incoming waves. It is assumed that the total disturbance is minimized at a certain angle to the waves, and an Extremum-Seeking based controller is used to find this angle. To allow ship models to change dynamically as cargo offloads, the technique of extremum seeking is extended in this thesis to allow a certain type of model uncertainties.
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So, Miu-sang, and 蘇妙生. "Air cargo industry in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29830849.
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Dozier, Meredith J. "Analysis of Humanitarian Assistance Cargo Transportation." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/7334.
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Humanitarian assistance is of growing importance to the United States and the Department of Defense's strategic objectives. Thus, United States combatant commands increasingly rely on humanitarian assistance cargo transportation programs to deliver materiel to people in need in their areas of responsibility. This report analyzes the options available to these commands in seeking humanitarian assistance cargo transportation. The report offers a description of current operations, with a specific focus on the European area of responsibility, where these programs have had limited activity. The analysis reaches the following conclusions: (1) currently no transportation program exists that focuses on providing a quality of service to combatant commands and humanitarian assistance transportation needs, (2) legal, fiscal, and operational mechanisms exist and are outlined to create such a program, and (3) exclusively space-available transportation is generally insufficient for providing the quality of service that may be required for relationship-building through humanitarian assistance cargo transportation, and contract shipping may be necessary. These conclusions are placed in the context of current humanitarian assistance operations, and relevant operational considerations are highlighted throughout the report. The analysis is based on both a quantitative model of transportation, as well as detailed conversations with humanitarian assistance personnel throughout key Department of Defense organizations.
13
Donatelli, David J. "Evolution of US air cargo productivity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78145.
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Thesis (S.M. in Transportation)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 131).
This thesis provides an overview of the US air cargo industry since airline deregulation in 1978, including a brief overview of the historical evolution of air cargo transport in the US from the early 1900s until the late 1970s and a discussion about the major international factors affecting global air cargo. A deeper analysis of the US air cargo industry follows these background discussions, emphasizing the growth of all-cargo carrier traffic in the past 30 years while noting the decline of combination carrier traffic within the past decade. Furthermore, operating cost analyses for the past 20 years reveal that major improvements in labor productivity have helped all-cargo carriers and combination carriers decrease unit costs, even while the price of fuel has risen dramatically. Productivity of US air cargo carriers is explored from 1990 to 2010 through two types of metrics, single-factor productivity (SFP) and multi-factor productivity (MFP). SFP metrics measure an airline's ability to turn inputs, such as fuel, labor, and capital, into outputs, such as available ton-miles (ATMs) and revenue ton-miles (RTMs). The MFP metric presented measures how effectively an airline produces an output from multiple inputs, essentially combining the SFP metrics. Single-factor productivity results show that the US air cargo industry has made significant improvements in labor productivity and capital productivity, with minor improvements in fuel productivity. FedEx and UPS have achieved the smallest improvements over the past 20 years, while other all-cargo carriers and combination carriers realized substantial advancements in the past two decades. Multi-factor productivity results echo the SFP results. Over the past 20 years, FedEx and UPS improved MFP 18%, combination carriers became approximately twice as productive, and the other all-cargo carriers increased MFP dramatically. However, questionable data reported by all-cargo carriers and methods used to determine only cargo-related data for combination carriers limit the accuracy of these results and caused difficulties calculating productivity throughout this thesis.
by David J. Donatelli.
S.M.in Transportation
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Armar, Nii A. "Cargo revenue management for space logistics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62971.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-82).
This thesis covers the development of a framework for the application of revenue management, specifically capacity control, to space logistics for use in the optimization of mission cargo allocations, which in turn affect duration, infrastructure availability, and forward logistics. Two capacity control algorithms were developed; the first is based on partitioning of Monte Carlo samples while the second is based on bid-pricing with high-frequency price adjustments. The algorithms were implemented in Java as a plugin module to SpaceNet 2.0, an existing integrated modeling and simulation tool for space logistics. The module was tested on a lunar exploration concept which emphasizes global exploration of the Moon using mobile infrastructure. Results suggest that revenue management produces better capacity allocations in shorter duration missions, while producing nominal capacity allocations (i.e. those in the deterministic case) in the long run.
by Nii A. Armar.
S.M.
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Rimjha, Mihir. "On Demand Mobility Cargo Demand Estimation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85590.
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Recent developments in the shipping industry have opened some unprecedented trade
opportunities on various levels. Be it individual consumption or business needs, the thought of
receiving a package on the same day or within 4-hour from some other business or industry in the
urban area is worth appreciating. The congestion on ground transportation modes is higher than
ever. Since currently the same-day delivery in urban areas is carried mainly by ground modes, the
catchment area of this delivery service is limited.
The On-Demand Mobility for cargo can elevate the concept of express shipping in revolutionary
ways. It will not only increase the catchment area thereby encompassing more business and
consumers but will also expedite the delivery as these vehicles will fly over the ground traffic.
The objective of this study was to estimate the total demand for ODM Cargo operations and study
its effect on ODM passenger operations. The area of interest for this study was Northern California
(17 counties). Annual cargo flows in the study area were rigorously analyzed through databases
like Transearch, Freight Analysis Framework-4, and T-100 International for freight. The results of
this study are presented through a parametric analysis of market share. The end product also
includes the flight trajectories (with flight plan) of daily ODM cargo flights in the study region.
The On-Demand Mobility cargo operations are expected to complement passenger On-Demand
Mobility operations. Therefore, the effect of ODM cargo operations on the passenger ODM
operations was also analyzed in this study. The major challenge faced in this study was the
unavailability of datasets with the desired level of details and refinements. Since the movement of
cargo is mostly done by private companies, the detailed records of shipments are often not public
knowledge.Master of Science
The recent advancements in shipping industry has made transfer of goods both domestic and international, swifter and more reliable. Nowadays, some business and consumers in urban areas have the options of few-hours or same day delivery. Currently the same-day delivery in urban areas is carried mainly by ground modes (trucks) and hence the catchment area of this delivery service is limited. Adding to it, the traffic congestion on the urban roads is a major hinderance in growth of such services. The On-Demand Mobility for cargo can reform express shipping in revolutionary ways. The concept vehicle can fly over the ground traffic. Therefore, it will increase the catchment area thereby encompassing more business and consumers, along with faster delivery options in currently serviced areas. For the study, we analyzed different databases for annual cargo flows in the region. Seventeen counties in the Northern California were chosen as the study area (or region). The study was focused on estimating the potential market (demand) for the On-Demand Mobility Cargo operations. Multiple set of results were calculated for different market shares that On-Demand Mobility can potentially capture in cargo operations. Flight trajectories (with flight plan) for daily ODM cargo flights were the final product. The On-Demand Mobility cargo operations are expected to complement passenger ODM operations. Therefore, the effect of ODM cargo operations on the passenger ODM operations was also analyzed in this study. The major challenge faced in this study was the unavailability of datasets with the desired level of details and refinements.
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Sanger, Anneri. "Kinesin-1 : cargo recognition and activation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/kinesin1(1e39aa23-276d-413d-94bb-3309b66ed4eb).html.
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The hetrotetrameric microtubule motor protein, kinesin-1 plays a central role in the intracellular transport of protein, ribonuclear protein, vesicles and organelles on microtubules. Kinesin-1 is composed of two heavy (KHC) and two light chains (KLC). In the absence of cargo, kinesin-1 exists in an autoinhibited state where the C-terminal tail of a single heavy chain binds to the N-terminal motor domain. KLCs contribute to the maintenance of this regulated state although the mechanism is unknown. Kinesin-1 is activated upon cargo binding. Cargo have been shown to bind to the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain of KLC and the C-terminal tail of KHC. KLCs recognise a short peptide sequence present in many cargo that is characterised by a tryptophan flanked by acidic residues (Wacidic). The aim of this thesis was to further investigate these cargo recognition mechanisms with the goal of providing a framework for understanding the general principles of kinesin-1 cargo recognition and cargo dependent activation. This was pursued by attempting a detailed molecular dissection of the mechanism of recognition of lysosomal cargo adaptor SKIP which carries a pair of W-acidic motifs. In this thesis the crystal structure of the TPR domain of KLC2 in complex with a tryptophan-acidic motif derived from SKIP is presented and the key residues responsible for the interaction are identified. Further studies revealed a direct interaction between SKIP and a specific site on the Cterminal tail of KHC. Mapping of the KHC binding site on SKIP revealed both shared and distinct determinants for the KHC and KLC interaction, and binding to either may be mutually exclusive. Mutational separation of the KHC and KLC binding enabled the investigation of this novel KHC-cargo interaction in SKIP mediated cargo transport. Based on these findings a model is proposed to explain how SKIP may activate kinesin-1 to promote anterograde lysosome transport.
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Kotsovilis, V. "The revised law of cargo marine insurance : The Institute Cargo Clauses (A), (B) and (C) - 1/1/82." Thesis, University of Essex, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381870.
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Yilmaz, Ozhan. "Collaboration Among Small Shippers In Cargo Transportation." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611316/index.pdf.
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As a result of widespread and effective usage of internet, firms tend to collaborate to reduce their operating costs. This thesis analyzes collaboration opportunities for a group of small shippers. A transportation intermediary determining the optimal actions for arriving shippers and a mechanism allocating savings to the shippers is proposed in the thesis. The performance of the intermediary is assessed by using computational analyses. An experimental set is formed that is by changing the parameters that are expected to significantly affect the optimal policy structure and the surplus budget (or deficit) changes. It is seen that increasing variable costs like cross-assignment cost and waiting cost leads to the increase in comparative performance of the optimal policy compared to the naïve policy, which is defined according to a simple rule, although increasing dispatching cost, which can be considered as a fixed cost, leads to an opposite result. The performance of the optimal policy is also assessed by using a myopic policy, in which shippers are trying to maximize their own benefit without considering the overall benefit of the grand coalition.
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Huss, Anders. "Rollover Prediction for Ro-Ro Cargo Trailers." Thesis, KTH, Mekanik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-133223.
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‘High and heavy’ cargo units are carried around the world on roll-on-roll-off (ro-ro) ships. These cargo units are loaded and unloaded using rolltrailers and the risk of rollover for the trailer-cargo unit, during port manoeuvre, often needs to be assessed in short time. On request by Wallenius Marine AB in Stockholm, this thesis examines the dynamics of the rolltrailer and different methods to predict the risk of rollover. The objective is to present a theoretical foundation for a toolbox that can support the assessment of trailer-load combinations. The study focuses on the effect of running over ‘bumps’. An analytic model, based on assumptions of the transfer of energy in the rollover scenario, as well as a simulation, within the SimMechanics environment, was developed and the two were compared. The models produced almost identical output under the circumstances specified. The conclusion was that the assumptions made in the analytic model were reasonable and that the model can be used to characterize the trailer-cargo unit’s stability. The major reservation was that some dynamic properties of the trailer had been neglected and that the model does not account for a sequence of inputs and resonance effects. The recommendation given is to develop the analytic model to an application for practical use. A developed SimMechanics simulation, on the other hand, can be used to examine additional dynamic aspects, resonance effects and other types of influences. Such results could support the decision making regarding what safety margin should be applied to the analytic result.
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Gulati, Anmol. "Synthesis of staphyloferrin B (SB)-cargo conjugates." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/109675.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, February 2017..Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
The ability of the Gram-positive human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus to cause infection and develop antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to public health. One potential method to combat bacterial infections involves the use of siderophore-drug conjugates to selectively deliver antibiotics to bacteria. Siderophores are low-molecular-weight chelators with high affinity for iron(Ill) that are biosynthesized by bacteria to acquire iron from the environment. Several reports of siderophore-mediated delivery of antibiotics to Gram-negative bacteria have been published. However, only a few examples of applying this strategy to Gram-positive bacteria are reported. Here, the potential of staphyloferrin B (SB), a polycarboxylate siderophore and virulence factor biosynthesized by S. aureus, for siderophore-drug conjugates is considered. In this thesis, the design and synthesis of a monofunctionalized SB scaffold in which the siderophore is site-electively modified with a polyethyleneglycol (PEG 3) linker and an azide moiety as a chemical handle is presented. The total synthesis of the monofunctionalized SB scaffold in 17 steps starting from 5 commercially available starting materials is reported. This molecule was employed to prepare a family of three SB-cargo conjugates using copper-catalyzed Click chemistry. In future work, these molecules can be used to probe the extent to which the S. aureus ferric-SB uptake and processing machinery recognizes, transports, and utilizes the derivatized SB scaffolds. Moreover, different antibiotics can be conjugated to SB and the effect on antimicrobial activity can be assessed.
by Anmol Gulati.
S.M.
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Arshad, Muhammad Shakeel. "Cargo inspection by means of electromagnetic radiation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för fysik och elektroteknik (IFE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-102160.
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This study is based on a detailed literature review of the approaches that are being used for inspecting cargos. It was concluded that especially X-rays are suitable for precise inspection of cargos due to high-quality output images. The images captured with X-Ray scanning methods are sufficient for discriminating various materials. Methods for the inspection of cargos with the help of electromagnetic radiation at radio frequencies are also discussed.
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Шевченко, Юлія Вікторівна, Yuliya Viktorivna Shevchenko, Yurii Bortnik, and Karina Dohonova. "Transportation of cargo in the modern world." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/48929.
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The coronavirus pandemic has broken the familiar ties between manufacturers and consumers around the world and has made major changes to the business of transport and logistics companies. In the field of air cargo worldwide, there is a decrease in demand by 15%. Thus, the cancellation of passenger flights also affected the cost of cargo delivery services, since most of them were previously delivered by passenger aircraft. There are practically no cargo planes in any airline in the world because of the very high cost price.
Therefore, tariffs increased by more than 2 times. As for imports, here there were problems of accumulation of goods at terminals and airports due to the cancellation of passenger traffic. In this situation, in order to maintain the level of air cargo transportation, airlines and cargo terminals are forced to find new opportunities for cargo transportation and create new conditions for its implementation. Simultaneous transportation of goods and passengers Under the current restrictions on air traffic, more and more airlines are starting to use their passenger planes for cargo flights. In addition, requirements for the social distance of passengers during seating are introduced for carriers. Chinese MRO Service Provider Hong Kong Aircraft Engineering Co.
(HAECO), which specializes in interior design, engineering, certification and reconfiguration services for aircrafts and HAECO Cabin Solutions (Greensboro, USA) have developed solutions that allow airlines to carry cargo in the cabin of passenger aircraft. Based on these trends, HAECO Cabin Solutions has created
four solutions that allow airlines to simultaneously carry goods and people in the aircraft cabin, in compliance with all the appropriate requirements for weight and balancing, using parcels to distance passengers.Пандемія коронавірусу розірвала звичні зв’язки між виробниками та споживачами у всьому світі та внесла серйозні зміни в бізнес транспортних та логістичних компаній. У сфері авіаційних вантажів по всьому світу спостерігається зменшення попиту на 15%. Таким чином, скасування пасажирських рейсів також вплинуло на вартість послуг з доставки вантажів, оскільки більшість із них раніше доставлялися пасажирськими літаками. Вантажних літаків практично немає в жодній авіакомпанії світу через дуже високу собівартість. Тому тарифи зросли більш ніж у 2 рази. Що стосується імпорту, то тут були проблеми накопичення товарів у терміналах та аеропортах через скасування пасажирських перевезень. У цій ситуації, щоб підтримувати рівень авіаперевезень вантажів, авіакомпанії та вантажні термінали змушені знаходити нові можливості для перевезення вантажів та створювати нові умови для їх здійснення. Одночасне перевезення вантажів і пасажирів Згідно з чинними обмеженнями повітряного руху, все більше авіакомпаній починають використовувати свої пасажирські літаки для вантажних рейсів. Крім того, для перевізників запроваджуються вимоги щодо соціальної відстані пасажирів під час сидіння. Китайський постачальник послуг MRO Hong Kong Aircraft Engineering Co. (HAECO), яка спеціалізується на дизайні інтер’єрів, проектуванні, сертифікації та переконфігурації літаків, та HAECO Cabin Solutions (Грінсборо, США) розробили рішення, які дозволяють авіакомпаніям перевозити вантаж у салоні пасажирських літаків. На основі цих тенденцій створено HAECO Cabin Solutions чотири рішення, що дозволяють авіакомпаніям одночасно перевозити вантаж і людей у салоні літака, дотримуючись усіх відповідних вимог щодо ваги та балансування, використовуючи посилки для віддалення пасажирів.
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Nezhenets, A. O., and O. V. Rodchenko. "National Aviaton University, Kyiv AIR CARGO FACILITIES." Thesis, НАУ, 2015. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/17029.
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Henry, Ryan J. "Cargo Pendulation Reduction on Ship-Mounted Cranes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10037.
Full textAbstract:
It is sometimes necessary to transfer cargo from a large ship to a smaller ship at sea. Specially designed craneships are used for this task, however the wave-induced motions of the ship can cause large pendulations of cargo being hoisted by a ship-mounted crane. This makes cargo transfer in rough seas extremely dangerous and therefore transfer operations normally cease when sea state 3 is reached. If the cargo pendulations could be reduced in higher sea states, transfer operations would be possible.
By controlling the boom luff angle, one can reduce the cargo pendulations in the plane of the boom significantly. A two-dimensional pendulum with a rigid massless cable and massive point load is used to model the system. A control law using time-delayed position feedback is developed and the system is simulated on a computer using the full nonlinear equations of motion. A three-degree-of-freedom ship-motion simulation platform, capable of simulating heave, pitch, and roll motions, was built. The computer simulation results were experimentally verified by mounting a 1/24th scale model of a T-ACS crane on the ship-motion simulation platform.Master of Science
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Splinter, G. D. "Bicaudal-D: Switching motors, cargo and direction." [S.l.] : Rotterdam : [The Author] ; Erasmus University [Host], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/13957.
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Guglielmo, Thomas P. "Comparative international air cargo solutions: the pathway to a resilient, adaptable, balanced and sustainable secure global air cargo supply chain." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/38939.
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CHDS State/LocalA substantial challenge to reducing security gaps in the international air cargo supply chain is the lack of a method of evaluating existing levels of risk based upon points of origin, points of departure and cargo and aircraft type. This is particularly challenging since the current United States air cargo security protocol requires the 100 percent screening of all air cargo without objectively analyzing or evaluating the risk posed by the air cargo. This thesis proposes a risk-based intelligence driven approach to identify and mitigate the threat of the successful introduction of an improvised explosive device into the international air cargo supply chain. The primary thrust of this research effort is to conduct a comparative analysis of the United States international air cargo policies and the European Unions international air cargo policies as a means of evaluating and proposing a risk based intelligence driven international air cargo policy that capitalizes on the strengths of United States and European Unions systems.
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Siplon, Jonathan Page. "Affine Transform Motion Compensation for intermodal Cargo Identification." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7137.
Full textAbstract:
The volume of cargo flowing through todays transportation system is growing at an ever increasing rate. Recent studies show that 90% of all international cargo that enters the United States flows through our vast seaport system. When this cargo enters the US, time is of the essence to quickly obtain and verify its identity, screen it against an ever increasingly wide variety of security concerns, and ultimately correctly direct the cargo towards its final destination.
Over the past few years, new port and container security initiatives and regulations have generated huge interest in the need for accurate real-time identification and tracking of incoming and outgoing traffic of vehicles and cargo. On the contrary, the manually intensive identification and tracking processes, typically employed today, are inherently both inefficient and inadequate, and can be seen as a possible enabling factor for potential threats to our ports and therefore our national security. The contradiction between current and required processes coupled to the correlation with accelerated growth in container traffic, has clearly identified the need for a solution.
One heavily researched option is the utilization of video based systems implementing Optical Character Recognition (OCR) processes for automatically extracting the unique container identification code to expedite the flow of cargo through various points in the seaport. The actual current process of how this occurs along with the opportunities and challenges for adding such a technological solution will be investigated in great detail.
This thesis will investigate the feasibility of application of motion compensation algorithms as an enhancement to OCR systems specifically designed to address the challenges of OCR of cargo containers in a seaport environment. This motion compensation could offer a cost effective alternative to the sophisticated hardware systems currently being offered to US ports.
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Durdak, Yavuz. "The Air Cargo Scheduling Problem With Heterogenous Fleet." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615358/index.pdf.
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In this study, we consider the Air Cargo Scheduling Problem based on a real life application. The aim is to move cargo and passengers that have different priorities and delivery time window, from a number of origin airports to destination airports by means of a transportation system. The system has predefined carrier routes and a heterogeneous fleet of aircraft. The problem is formulated as a heterogeneous vehicle, multi commodity, pick-up, and delivery network flow problem with a large set of system specific constraints. The proposed model determines set of movement requirements assigned on each route leg and number and type of aircraft assigned for each route in a reasonable amount of time. The model is tested with the real and generated data and the results are compared with the current methodology under different scenarios. The model produced better results in a short amount of time compared to the current methodology.
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LEFKOVITS, LEONARDO. "AIR CARGO TRANSPORTATION SCENARIO IN BRAZIL (2005-2007)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=13806@1.
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O transporte de carga aérea no Brasil é um dos grandes fatores que ajudaram
a alavancar as exportações e importações brasileiras. Com as exportações
superando as importações, esta modalidade de transporte teve influência direta nos
saldos positivos da balança comercial brasileira nos últimos anos. Esta dissertação
mostra o cenário brasileiro dos últimos três anos e, sempre que for pertinente, a
relação com o panorama mundial. Assim, o trabalho começa com a situação
mundial da carga aérea para depois, então, discutir a situação no Brasil. Os fatores
de influência que refletiram no transporte de carga, a movimentação das
exportações e importações, as empresas aéreas nacionais e estrangeiras, exclusivas
de carga ou mistas, que atuam no Brasil e, finalmente, os principais aeroportos
brasileiros são temas desta dissertação. A motivação deste trabalho está no grande
resultado obtido, no período analisado, por esta modalidade de transporte. O
mercado doméstico e internacional está em franca expansão e a chegada de novos
modelos de aeronaves cargueiras é vista com grande expectativa pelas
companhias, aumentando, assim, a quantidade de toneladas quilômetros ofertados,
o que garantiria o sucesso desta modalidade de transporte de carga.The air cargo transportation in Brazil is one of the great factors that have stimulated Brazilian´s exportations and importations. As the exportations surpassed the importations, such modality of transport had direct influence in the Brazilian trade balance for the last years. This dissertation shows the Brazilian scene of last the three years and, whenever it is pertinent, the relation with the world-wide panorama. Thus, the work starts with the world-wide situation of the air cargo with special attention to Brazil. Influence factors that they had reflected in the air cargo transportation, the cargo movement of the exportations and importations, the national and foreign airlines roles and situation in Brazil and, finally, the main Brazilian airports are subjects of this dissertation. The motivation of this work is the great result achieved for this analyzed period, regarding this transport modality. The domestic and international market is in great expansion and the coming of new freighter aircrafts models is seen with expectation for air companies, increasing, thus, the amount of tons offered kilometers, what it would guarantee the success of the cargo transportation modality.
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Esperança, Ruiz Carrio. "Performance Prediction Program for Wind-Assisted Cargo Ships." Thesis, KTH, Marina system, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-290173.
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There is a growing need for developing new technologies to drive the global shippinginto a carbon-neutral industry. This Master’s Thesis presents a generic route optimizationmodel for cargo vessels with wind assisted propulsion systems. An earlystage tool to predict environmental savings by finding optimal routes for cargo vesselsequipped with any sailing device.Systematic studies are developed for the optimization parameters in order to observetheir influence on the optimization performance. The route optimization model is usedfor a wind-assisted cargo vessel for route crossing the North Atlantic as an example application.Det finns ett växande behov av att utveckla ny teknik för att driva den globala sjöfarten till enkoldioxidneutral industri. Detta examensarbete presenterar en generisk ruttoptimeringsmodell för lastfartyg med vindassisterad framdrivning. Verktyget är avsett för att tidiga utvecklingsskeden för att bedöma miljöbesparingar genom att hitta optimala rutter för lastfartygutrustade seglingsanordningar. Modellens parametrar är utvecklade från systematiska studier av olika typer av vindassisterandesystem. Till exempel kan ruttoptimeringsmodellen används för ett vindassisterat lastfartyg för rutter över Nordatlanten
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Reche, Vilanova Martina. "Performance Prediction Program for Wind-Assisted Cargo Ships." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-290172.
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Due to the accelerating need for decarbonization in the shipping sector, wind-assisted cargo shipsare able to play a key role in achieving the IMO 2050 targets on reducing the total annual GHGemissions from international shipping by at least 50%. The aim of this Master’s Thesis project is todevelop a Performance Prediction Program for wind-assisted cargo ships to contribute knowledgeon the performance of this technology. The three key characteristics of this model are its genericstructure, the small number of input data needed and its ability to predict the performance of threepossible Wind-Assisted Propulsion Systems (WAPS): Rotor Sails, Rigid Wing Sails and DynaRigs.It is a fast and easy tool able to predict, to a good level of accuracy and really low computationaltime, the performance of any commercial ship with these three WAPS options installed with onlythe main particulars and general dimensions as input data.The hull and WAPS models predict the forces and moments, which the program balances in 6degrees of freedom to predict the theoretical sailing performance of the wind-assisted cargo shipwith the specified characteristics for various wind conditions. The model is able to play with differentoptimization objectives. This includes maximizing sailing speed if a VPP is run or maximizingtotal power savings if it is a PPP. The program is based on semi-empirical methods and a WAPSaerodynamic database created from published data on lift and drag coefficients. All WAPS datacan be interpolated with the aim to scale to different sizes and configurations such as number ofunits and different aspect ratios.A model validation is carried out to evaluate its reliability. The model results are compared withthe real sailing data of the Long Range 2 (LR2) class tanker vessel, the Maersk Pelican, whichwas recently fitted with two 30 meter high Rotor Sails; and results from another performanceprediction program. In general, the two performance prediction programs and some of the realsailing measurements show good agreement. However, for some downwind sailing conditions, theperformance predictions are more conservative than the measured values.Results showing and comparing power savings, thrust and side force coefficients for the differentWAPS are also presented and discussed. The results of this Master’s Thesis project show howWind-Assisted Propulsion Systems have high potential in playing a key role in the decarbonizationof the shipping sector. WAPS can prove substantial power, fuel, cost, and emissions savings.Tankers and bulk-carriers are specially suitable for wind propulsion thanks to their available deckspace and relatively low design speeds.The Performance Prediction Program for wind-assisted cargo ships developed in this Master’sThesis shows promising results with a good level of accuracy despite its generic and small numberof input data. It can be a useful tool in early project stages to quickly and accurately assess thepotential and performance of WAPS systems.På grund av det accelererande behovet av att minska utsläppen från sjöfartssektorn, kan vindassis- terade lastfartyg spela en nyckelroll för att uppnå IMO 2050. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att utveckla ett prestandaprognosprogram för vindassisterade lastfartyg för att bidra med kunskap om denna teknik. De tre viktigaste egenskaperna för denna modell är dess generiska struktur, det lilla antalet inmatningsdata som behövs och dess förmåga att förutsäga prestandan för tre möjliga vindassisterade framdrivningssystem (WAPS): Rotorsegel, styva vingspegel och DynaRigs. Det är ett snabbt och enkelt verktyg som med en hög grad av noggrannhet och med kort beräkningstid kan bedöma prestanda för kommersiella fartyg med dessa tre WAPS-alternativ. Skrov- och WAPS-modellerna beräknar krafter och moment som balanseras i sex frihetsgrader. Modellen kan utgå från olika optimeringsmål. Detta inkluderar maximering av segelfarten eller maximeras totala energibesparingar. Programmet är baserat på semi-empiriska metoder och en WAPS aerodynamisk databas skapad från publicerad data om lyft- och motståndskoefficienter. Alla WAPS-data kan interpoleras med syftet att skala till olika storlekar och konfigurationer, så- som antal enheter och olika aspektförhållanden. En modellvalidering utförs för att utvärdera dess tillförlitlighet. Modellresultaten jämförs med verkliga seglingsdata för tankfartyget Maersk Pelican (klass Long Range 2, LR2), som nyligen utrustades med två 30 meter höga rotorsegel; och resultat från en andra data. Resultaten visar i allmänhet bra överensstämmelse. För vissa speglingsförhållanden är emellertid bedömningarna mer konservativa än de uppmätta värdena. Resultat som visar och jämför energibesparingar, tryckkraft och sidokraftkoefficienter för de olika WAPS presenteras och diskuteras också. Resultaten av detta examensarbete visar hur vindassisterade framdrivningssystem har stor potential att spela en nyckelroll i utvecklingen för sjöfartssektorn. WAPS kan leda till betydande energi-, bränsle-, kostnads- och utsläppsbesparingar. Tankfartyg och bulkfartyg är speciellt lämpliga för vindframdrivning tack vare deras tillgängliga däckutrymme och relativt låga hastigheter. Prestandaprognosprogrammet för vindassisterade lastfartyg utvecklat här visar därmed lovande resultat trots dess generiska upplägg och lilla antal inmatningsdata. Det kan vara ett användbart verktyg i tidiga projektsteg för att snabbt utvärdera potential och prestanda för WAPS-system.
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Horian, Ivan, and Іван Андрійович Горян. "Preliminary design of a cargo short-haul aircraft." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/53190.
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Робота публікується згідно наказу Ректора НАУ від 27.05.2021 р. №311/од "Про розміщення кваліфікаційних робіт здобувачів вищої освіти в репозиторії університету". Керівник роботи: доцент, к.т.н. Закієв Вадим ІсламовичThis bachelor thesis is dedicated to the design and development of the domestic medical aircraft . The method of design is analysis of the prototypes and selections of the most advanced technical decisions. The diploma work contains drawings of design of the short-range aircraft with commercial cargo payload capacity up to 10000 kg, calculations and drawings of the aircraft layout, the cargo medical compartment and equipment.
Ця бакалаврська робота присвячена конструюванню та розробці вітчизняного медичного літака. Методом проектування є аналіз прототипів і підбір найсучасніших технічних рішень. Дипломна робота містить креслення конструкції літака малої дальності з комерційною вантажопідйомністю до 10000 кг, розрахунки та креслення компоновки літака, вантажного відсіку з медичними модулями та обладнання.
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Ahmetovic, Edvin. "Development of suspension for a heavy cargo bike." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20648.
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I takt med att allt fler städer i Europa och i världen förbjuder biltrafik i centrum finns en efterfrågan på att ersätta fordonen med avgasfria fordon. En skåp-eller lastbil transporterar inte många gånger mer ombord än vad som får plats på en fraktcykel som är ett bättre alternativ av flera anledningar. Arbetet har utförts på Starke Cycles som är ett tillverkningsföretag där de utvecklar fraktcyklar med arbetslivserfarenhet från cykelåkeriet MOVEBYBiKE. Med åren har de stött på problem med åkkomforten och att bakaxeln gått av på de fraktcyklar som används idag på grund av att fraktcykeln saknar en hjulupphängning.Under 2017 har en första prototyp utvecklats men den är för bred för att kunna få ett typgodkännande beviljat. Syftet med arbetet är att lösa problemet med bakaxelns livslängd och åkkomforten hos de fraktcyklarna som används idag, samt att lösa problemet med den första prototypens bredd.I arbetet har framtagandet av ett hjulupphängningssystem fokuserat på att leverera ett kostnadseffektivt hjulupphängningssystem till Starke Cycles som kan tillverka det och tillämpa på den andra prototypen som är under utveckling. Det har möjliggjorts genom att studera och undersöka nuvarande fraktcykelnskonstruktionför att få en uppfattning om vilka hjulupphängningssystem som är möjliga att tillämpa. Därefter har de tänkbara systemen analyserats och det bäst lämpade systemet valdes med en systematisk och objektiv metod, genom konceptutvärdering. Med hjälp av mekanikberäkningar har ett hjulupphängningssystem med dubbla länkarmar tagits fram och hållfastheten i utvalda komponenter i konstruktionen har analyserats med FEM-simulering i Creo Parametric efter att materialvalet gjorts. I arbetet har inte konstruktionens livslängd mot materialutmattning analyserats. Resultatet presenteras som en 3D-modell och hjulupphängningen når målen som var satta i arbetet. Detaljritningarna på hjulupphängningssystemet har skickats iväg till en mekanisk verkstad för tillverkning. Materialvalet föll på enaluminiumlegering och FEM-analysen visar att spänningarna i de analyserade komponenterna klarar av kraven på hållfastheten.As the number of cities in Europe and the world increasingly prohibit car traffic in the center, there is a demand to replace the vehicles with exhaust-free vehicles. Many times, a van or a truck does not carry more than what you can carry in a heavy cargo bike though it is a better option for several reasons. The work has been done at Starke Cycles, a manufacturing company where they develop heavy cargo bikes based on their work experience from MOVEBYBiKE, which is a freight company. Over the years, they have encountered problems with the ride comfort and that the rear axle has broken off the heavy cargo bikes used today. These problems have occurreddue to that the heavy cargo bikeslack of suspension. During2017, a first prototype has been developed but it is too wide to be approved by the Swedish Transport Agency which is required for a newly manufactured vehicle. The purpose of the work is to solve the problem of the rear axles sustainability and the ride comfort of the heavy cargo bikes that is used today, as well as solving the problem of the first prototypeswidth.The work of developing a suspension has focused on delivering a cost-effective suspension to Starke Cycles to produce and apply on the second prototype that they are developing. The work started with studying and examining the current heavy cargo bikes construction to get an idea of which type of suspensionsare possible to apply to the second prototype. Therefor has the possible suspensions been analyzed and the best suited system chosen with a systematic and objective method, concept evaluation. With the results from the mechanical calculations a double wishbone suspension was developed. The mechanics of materials has been analyzed on chosen components of the suspension in a FEM-simulation in Creo Parametric after a case study in materials selections had been made. The work has not analyzed the constructionslife expectancy against material fatigue.The result is presented as a 3D-model where the goals of the work have been met and drawings on the suspension have been sent to a mechanical workshop for manufacturing. The material selection fell on an aluminumalloy and the FEM-analysis shows that the stress in the analyzed components meet the strength requirements.
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Niedecken, Timon. "Optimized maintenance budget planning for DB Cargo locomotives." Thesis, KTH, Spårfordon, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-299366.
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In a regional railway signalling system, object controllers are the devices responsible for controlling Track Side Equipment and act as interfaces for TSE with the interlocking computer and the Traffic control system. However, associated cabling (signal and power cabling) and civil works pose a major capital investment and it is a source of significant Capital and Operational expenses, particularly in rural areas, where accessibility andconnectivity to power grid and to the interlocking are a problem. Furthermore, cables/signalling equipment are exposed to sabotage and theft in such areas. This can increase the total Life Cycle Cost even further. The Shift2Rail research programme, which was initiated by the European Union and railway stakeholders, tries to address this issue, and revamp the Object Controller concept through the project “TD2.10 Smart radio connectedwayside object controller”, where the aim is to develop a Smart Wayside Object Controller (SWOC). A SWOC is capable of wireless communication between central interlocking and TSE as well as decentralization of interlocking logic. These innovations can reduce the cabling required, increase the availability of diagnostic data, thus reducing maintenance and operational costs and can lead to power saving by utilizing local power sources. The most important impact of the SWOC is a significant reduction of CAPEX, OPEX and of total LCC for an installation utilizing SWOCs, instead of typical OCS. This work focuses on estimating the LCC of a SWOC system and to compare it with a conventional OCS by developing an LCC model that covers both cases, as well as to use this model to examine when it is more profitable to implement a SWOC, instead of an OCS system. This is done by utilizing LCC analysis and combining a variety of methods in a parametric study. To that extend, a thorough analysis of a modern regional railway signallingsystem, as well as the basis for LCCA are being discussed. At the same time, both OC and SWOC systems are being described and factors affecting their cost discussed. The methodology is comprised of the LCC modelling part as well as the collection of methods and techniques used to calculate the LCC of OC/SWOC systems and to estimate the costs of different sub-models and parameters of the process. For the modelling process, the station of Björbo was chosen, which operates under ERTMS-R system, but for the sake of the analysis it is assumed that the typical base system in place is an OCS and together withthe existing track layout and equipment it is used as the basis of the analysis. Finally, the formed LCC model is being used in a parametric study to examine how the LCC is affected by using OC or SWOC as well as how LCC responds to changes in parameters such as number of OC/SWOC, traffic density and local power installation cost for the Björbo station.I ett regionalt järnvägssignalsystem är utdelar de enheter som ansvarar för att kontrollera spårutrustning och fungerar de som gränsyta för spårutrustning med ställverksdatorn och tågtrafikledning systemet. Dock, tillhörande kablar (signalkablar ock kraftkablar), samt anläggningsinfrastruktur utgör en stor kapitalinvestering och de är en källa till märkbar kapitalkostnad och driftskostnader, särskilt på landsbygdsområden, där tillgänglighet och anslutning till elnätet och ställverket är problematisk. Dessutom, kablar och signalutrustning utsätts för stöld och sabotage i sådana områden. Detta kan öka den totala livscykelkostnaden ytterligare. Shift2rail forskningsprogram, som genomförs av EU och järnvägsintressenter, försöker att ta itu med problemet och modernisera utdelar konceptet genom projektet “TD2.10 Smart Radio Connected Wayside Object Controller”, där målet är att utveckla en Smart Spårutrustning Utdelar, så kallade SWOC. En SWOC har kapacitet för trådlös kommunikation mellan central ställverket och spårutrustning, samt decentralisering av satällverkslogiken. Dessa innovationer kan minska nödvändig kabeldragning, öka tillgängligheten av diagnostiska data, vilket minskar underhålls- och driftskostnader och kan leda till energibesparing genom att använda lokala kraftkällor. Den viktigaste effekten av SWOC är en betydande minskning av kapitalkostnader, driftskostnader och totala livscykelkostnaden för en installation som använder SWOC istället för typiska utdelningsystemet. Detta examensarbete fokuserar på att uppskatta LCC för ett SWOC-system och jämföra det med en konventionell utdelingsystem genom att utveckla en LCC-modell som täcker båda fallen, samt att använda denna modell för att undersöka när det är mer lönsamt att implementera en SWOC istället av ett typiskt utdelingsystem. Detta görs genom att använda LCC-analys och kombinera en mängd olika metoder i en parametrisk studie. För att göradetta genomförs en grundlig analys av ett modernt regionalt järnvägssignalsystem, samt grunden för livscykelanalys. Samtidigt beskrivs både ett typiskt utdelingssystem - och SWOC-system samt faktorer som påverkar deras kostnad deskuteras. Metoden består av LCC-modelleringsdelen samt insamling av metoder och tekniker som används för att beräkna LCC för OC / SWOC-system och för att uppskatta kostnaderna för olika delmodeller och parametrar för processen. För modelleringsprocessen valdes stationen i Björbo, som arbetar under ERTMS-R-systemet, men för analysens skull antas att det typiska bassystemet på plats är en typisk OCS och tillsammans med befintlig planritning ochkabelplan är används som grund för analys. Slutligen används den bildade LCC-modellen i en parametrisk studie för att undersöka hur LCC påverkas genom att använda OC eller SWOC samt hur LCC reagerar på förändringar i parametrar såsom antal OC / SWOC, trafiktäthet och lokala kraftinstallationskostnader för Björbo-stationen.
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Zrzavý, Jan. "Železniční přeprava pevných paliv u společnosti ČD Cargo." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17072.
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The aim of this thesis is to characterize the company ČD Cargo with special focus on the transport of solid fuels. It describes the historical development of this company, its present-day activities and services. Statistic part of this thesis contains time lines, defining the development of transport of solid fuels and its part in the overall transport. There is also an outline of an expected scenario of future solid fuel transport in connection with domestic resources depletion. Much consideration is also given to the unification of transport documents and European integration with a view to actions and objectives of transport policy concerning railway freight trafic.
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Menzelová, Monika. "Analýza controllingového modelu společnosti ČD Cargo, a. s." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-73843.
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The aim of my work is to evaluate the operation of the controlling model, the company created for the purpose of allocation of costs to revenues, respectively sales contracts, and to find possibilities for improvement. The reason is to evaluate these contracts from various aspects, namely profitability, cost intensive, contribution to overall profit, etc. A key element of the model are the rates determined by using calculations based on the individual activities. Therefore, work is currently focused on refining and possible reducing of calculated rates and also quantifying these changes through analysis. The aim is also to find more appropriate tools that would complete the existing calculation, and that management could use while managing the company. To ensure the effect on rates it has been especially suggested to change an approach to depreciation and labor costs. As the complement of the existing calculation was recommended using the variable costing and the target costing.
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Ababneh, M. M. A. "Underwriting cargo risks under the institute cargo clauses 1982 against the backdrop of English and Jordanian marine insurance law and practice." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267995.
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In January 1982 marine cargo insurance was the subject of a very radical change on the London marine insurance market. The changes included the abandonment of the historical S. G. policy and institute clauses of 1963. The market introduced the new MAR policy and a new set of standard cargo clauses, designated A, B, and C. The new Institute Cargo Clauses were designed for use on an international basis and have been adopted in many foreign maritime insurance markets. Subsequent to their introduction they have attracted much attention and debate. The main aim of this research is to thoroughly examine, explain and evaluate all the provisions of the Institute Cargo Clauses, and to assess their success and points of weakness. As the clauses constitute the terms of the relevant contract of marine insurance they must be considered in the context of the Marine Insurance Act of 1906, and also the applicable law cases. The clauses have been investigated on the presumption that English law and practice applies. This thesis also includes a comparison with Jordanian law, with an ancillary section concerned with the placing of marine cargo cover in the Jordanian market where the Institute Cargo Clauses have been adopted, and with the relevant marine insurance provisions in the Jordan Maritime Commercial Law of 1972 also examined. The thesis comprises 11 chapters: except for the first three chapters all follow the structure of the clauses. In summary, the first chapter describes the basic features of the London market and defines its role as the overseer of insurance conditions. This is coupled with an overview of developments in the practical stages of placing cargo cover. The second chapter deals with features of the Jordanian insurance market and reviews the statutes governing its activities, including cargo cover, and the system adopted in placing insurance cover. The third chapter is a linking chapter which gives a brief account of the old system of marine cargo cover and discusses the reasons behind the radical changes in the London market in 1982. Chapter Four deals with the risks covered in the A, B, and C clauses respectively, particular attention being given to all risks cover as it is the most common form used in cargo insurance. Chapter Five analyses the exclusions in the Institute Cargo Clauses with special reference to the General Exclusions Clauses (cl . 4) and the War Exclusion Clause(cl 6) as these provide the most common intersection between `perils insured' and `perils excluded'. Chapter Six discusses the `Duration Clauses', with special consideration being given to the Transit Clause. `Deviation' and `Change of Voyage' are discussed and compared with the relevant statutory provisions in the M. I. A 1906. Chapter Seven deals with claims. Consideration, in particular, is given to the Insurable Interest and Constructive Total Loss clauses. Chapter Eight is devoted to evaluating the effect of inserting the `Benefit of Insurance' Clause in a carriage of goods by sea contract and the impact of the `Not to inure' Clause in marine cargo cover. Chapter Nine examines, in considerable depth, the minimising losses clauses, by discussing the impact of the `Duty of the Assured' Clause and the contradiction between the statutory sue and labour clause in section 78 and section 55 of the M. I. A of 1906. Chapter Ten is concerned with the ambit and the function of the Reasonable Dispatch clause. The last chapter is the conclusion. It is hoped that this work will contribute, with other works in the relevant field, towards a better understanding of underwriting marine cargo cover both in_ the London and the Jordanian markets, and that it may also prove of use and interest to Middle Eastern insurance practitioners and academics.
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Lasovský, Jan. "Cargo Cycles in Urban Freight Transport : Obstacles and facilitating factors for utilising cargo cycles in urban freight transport in Stockholm, Sweden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169472.
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Cargo cycles can play a considerable role in mitigating the negative impacts of urban freight transport while still ensure that the material needs of the city are fulfilled. Their small size, lower operating costs, smaller carbon footprint, lack of tailpipe emissions, and manoeuvrability in congested areas are considerable advantages over traditional urban freight vehicles. However, the advantages of cargo cycles are not inherent in every urban environment and under all conditions. This problematics is in general insufficiently researched and more context specific knowledge is needed. Thus, this study investigates the obstacles and facilitating factors for utilising cargo cycles in urban freight transport in Stockholm, Sweden. To investigate these context specifications, case study approach was employed and consisted of qualitative content analysis, semi-structured interviews, and observations. This study argues that in Stockholm, contradictory forces affect the utilisation of cargo cycles in urban freight transport. On one hand, the facilitating factors are mostly associated with measures of sustainable urban freight transport and sustainable development in general: reaction to traffic situation; strategic orientation of the city; public-private partnership; and bicycle infrastructure. On the other hand, path dependence of the city connected to traditional urban freight vehicles (vans) symbolises obstacles: the absence of direct planning for cargo cycles; lack of recognition; and inconsistency of bicycle infrastructure.
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Moyer, Christopher Allen. "Algorithms for improved efficiency in transportation models." Connect to resource, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262630409.
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Brunner, Christian J. "Cargo transport on engineered surfaces powered by molecular motors /." Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17388.
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Eriksson, Martin, and Tobias Ohlsson. "The Cargo Tray Industry in India – A Market Research." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-9939.
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Title: The Cargo Tray Industry in India – A Market Research
Authors: Martin Eriksson and Tobias Ohlsson
Supervisor: Cecilia Lindh
University: University of MälardalenDepartment: School of Sustainable Development of Society and TechnologyCourse: Bachelor thesis in Business Administration, 15 credits
Research question: Is the Indian cargo tray industry a promising place for Autoform to make futureinvestments?
Target group: The primary target is Autoform. The secondary target group is other caraccessories manufacturers who want to know about the Indian car industry. Thethird target group is any foreign company that wants to know about India andtheir regulations towards foreign companies entering India.
Purpose: The purpose is to give Autoform knowledge about the Indian car- and cargo traymarket, as well as to give them an overview about India and their regulationstowards foreign companies entering India.
Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework consists of a PEST analysis for the businessenvironment, Porters five forces for the cargo tray industry and our model forthe overview of the automobile industry.
Methodology: This thesis is based in both primary and secondary information that have beengathered within the frame of our theoretical framework.
Analysis/Discussion: The analysis consists of a comparison between the empirical content from eachof the different models used for the empirical research. By highlighting the mostrelevant findings of the data from each model and put it together we can drawconclusions and make direct connections between the business environment inIndia and the car- and cargo tray industry.
Conclusions: The answer to the research question is that the Indian cargo tray industry is apromising place for Autoform to make future investments. However there aremany factors and forces to consider and be aware of.
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Holmlund, Gabriel. "RFID in Rail : RFID tracing of rail-borne cargo." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informations- och kommunikationssystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-25824.
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SCA transports timber via rail from railway terminals in western Sweden to saw and/or pulp mills located on the east coast. Sometimes timber wagons are lost due to damages inflicted when loading the wagon. Wagons can also be decommissioned for maintenance conducted by the Swedish Transport Administration. Both situations are unpredictable and causes many types of problems. If the wagons could be automatically traced these problems could be predicted and pre-emptive actions could be taken. All wagons used by SCA are equipped with RFID tags and RFID readers are installed at the railway terminals. The purpose of this thesis is to equip the RFID readers with Internet access, collect the data read by the RFID readers and present this data in a single page web application. The actual data collection is done by an already existing system which pushes the train data to the back-end part of the application. The front-end part is made with a JavaScript framework named Ember.js and the back-end part is made with ASP .NET Web API and SQL Server. The application is finished and verified with various tests but is not put in production due to a negotiation delay between SCA with a third-party consultant.
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Yeh, Mingtze. "Throughput evaluation of an autonomous sustainment cargo container system." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FYeh.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): Papoulias, Fotis. "December 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 24, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95). Also available in print.
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Chen, Yi-Chen, and 陳以宸. "Airline Cargo Network Planning for Air Cargo Alliance." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81913088075474271587.
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碩士淡江大學
運輸管理學系碩士班
104
One current trend of air transportation is that while international alliances among major airlines continue, some airline cargo alliances have formed. However, few researches have examined airline cargo alliance practices, and no research has been paid to the alliance decision analysis and airline cargo flight frequency planning issues for the airline cargo alliances. This study develops a series of models to analyze the airline cargo alliance decision-makings and determine allied flight frequencies under air cargo alliances. This study develops a fuzzy cooperative game for assessing the combination of airline cargo alliance alternatives. Under the determined airline cargo alliance condition, the integrated allied cargo flight network programming model is developed, while considering overall profitability, traffic gains, and cost reduction for the allied network in which they cooperate with their partners. A numerical case study demonstrated the synergy benefits of airline cargo alliances and the feasibility of applying the proposed models. Moreover, a group of optimal solutions for airline flight frequencies was determined. The results showed that the parallel code-shared alliance makes both sides of cargo members increased profits, reduced operating costs and also increased market shares. On the other hand, the complementary code-shared alliance makes them extending the network scope. The results of this study explored the effects of airline cargo alliances on allied routes and flight frequencies, and the allied network structure. In addition, it is envisaged that the results of this study may shed light on air cargo alliance strategies.
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Blomeyer, Johannes. "Air cargo revenue management /." 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/556676114.pdf.
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Chen, Jin Chih, and 陳金池. "Study of Marine Cargo Delays." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40437807136879730925.
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McBurney, Donald T. "The Navy's cargo transportation system." Thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/21996.
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Chang, Wun-Being, and 張文彬. "The Allocating of Burden of Proof in Marinetime Cargo Cases─ Focusing on Cargo Claim Cases." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32199409882652677506.
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碩士國立高雄大學
法律學系碩士班
99
A procedure is studying consignors or owner of cargo and carrier face the uncertain risk of cargo transported over sea, who should shoulder the burden of proof in marine cargo in a malpractice lawsuit is the most important factor related to the result of civil litigation. The article focus on carriage of goods by sea case in discussing the rule of allocating of burden of proof have effectively use the less economic cost and fair approach to take all kind of procedure in order to get perfect by clarifying the and obligation between the interests and decreasing the argument. The first, Clarify the different between Marine cargo case and civil case is crucial point to understand why convention indeed affect sea cargo claim in the world. Example for The Hague Rules , The Visby Rules , The Hamburg Rules and The Rotterdam Rules are the point systems that is complex, international , foreign , adventure ,economical, transported over sea, difficult investigation and profession than general civil case. Secondary, we must discuss that our country is in the distribution of the burden of proof of the civil action regulation that the civil procedure tell article 227 of the law exists. It is the principle of the tradition theory of burden of proof from Germany we success. But according to the change of vary condition , fair of providing evidence , model profession and correctly theory in burden of proof., we must use the other the allocating of burden of proof in reduce responsibility to avoid unfairly burden of proof in tradition rule. Thirdly, we refer William Tetley in burden of proof of marine cargo to sum up related law and practice to help consignors or owner of cargo and carrier know the general system for provide evidence, survey evidence and ordering of proof. Finally, we introduce prima facei case, the due diligent ,the care of cargo provision and exceptions clause of a common carrier to help consignors or owner of cargo and carrier how to deal with the cargo and keep related evidence after the cargo claim happened. Besides the maritime Law in Taiwan , throughout the notice of the burden of proof in Carriage of Goods by sea Act in America , Japan and China or convention of The Hague Rules , The Visby Rules , The Hamburg Rules and The Rotterdam Rules , we can compare difference of civil and common law. If responsibility can not avoid by burden of proof , we must studying Unit Limitation of Carrier’s Liability to proof for cargo carrier. The conclusion is that Maritime cargo of burden of proof should further discuss civil procedure law in theory of burden of proof to make reason , fair rule of burden of proof. The best and most easy way to avoid conflict is modify Maritime Law by International Sea Act and the convention of 2009 The Rotterdam Rules compose of The Hague Rules , The Visby Rules , The Hamburg Rules.
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Li, Ruguo, and 李儒果. "A Study on the Effects of Air Cargo Revenue by Cargo Consolidation and ULDs Loading." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24730184601010056051.
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碩士國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
99
Factors affecting air cargo revenue management are numerous. Air cargo companies base their charges on the larger of weight and volume of the cargo. This study develops the mode of cargo consolidation and Unit Load Device (ULD) based on the characteristics of air cargo, and investigates the impact of the density of a cargo, the ratio of heavy cargo to light cargo, and the percentage of small cargo on the chargeable weight and revenue of an air cargo company. The empirical test result shows that the larger the ratio of heavy cargo to light cargo, the greater the chargeable weight is; and as the ratio of heavy cargo to light cargo climbs to a certain degree, the increasing extent of the chargeable weight of the cargo tends to stabilize gradually. The more the density of cargo approaches the most suitable loading density for a flight, the greater the chargeable weight is. A higher proportion of small cargo loaded on a flight indicates the company gains higher revenue. Lastly, this study performs a regression analysis based on the actual operational data of airline companies to obtain a regression equation of the chargeable weight and revenue of air cargo. The results of this study can serve as a useful reference for airline companies and relevant members of the aviation industry.
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HSIEH, HSIEN-LIN, and 謝弦霖. "THE ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AIR CARGO''S DWELL TIME IN AIR CARGO TERMINAL." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76037579214847131375.
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碩士國立交通大學
交通運輸研究所
85
Since the air freight grows up sharpely,the capacity of air cargo terminalshould be increased . Cargo terminal capacity depends on the planning side (overall area , layout ,...etc.) and operating side (the process of export and import operation, data processing system and cargo handle equipment,...etc) .An improved planning procedure for an air cargo terminal must pay attention tothe dwell time which cargo spends in the terminal .The present pattern of thedwell time shows that the freight should spends on waiting and being served in such uncertain environment.Therefore the dwell time is an important criteria used to measure the performance of the air cargo transportation. However,the past studies paid less attention on the dwell time .This study would focus on the analysis of the dewell time. The dwell time variable is divided into two parts . One is the total time that the freight spends on being served , waiting to be served ; the other is the freight''s total slack time . Service time is effected by the process design and operation system of import and export operation . Slack time is effected by the other items except the opertion process .Dwell time isthe interval time between an imported freight''s arrival at the cargo terminaland the flight time. The one of the bottleneck of the import and export process is the speed and qulity of Trade-Van. The design of import process should be reengineered since the relationship between the cargo flow and documentation is low.The slack time results from the constraint of office hour of cargo terminal and the Customs ,flight schedule and flight frequency. The peak time of the freight''s arrival is at 14:00~15:00 and Friday night.At the peak time ,the unload area of export warehouse of Taipei air cargo terminal is congested.