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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cardiovascular screening

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Academic literature on the topic 'Cardiovascular screening'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 19 May 2023

Last updated: 12 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Cardiovascular screening"

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Thompson, Paul D., and Carl Sherman. "Cardiovascular Screening." Physician and Sportsmedicine 24, no. 6 (1996): 47–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3810/psm.1996.06.1375.

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Thompson, Paul D., and Carl Sherman. "Cardiovascular Screening." Physician and Sportsmedicine 24, no. 6 (1996): 47–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00913847.1996.11947967.

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Herbert, David L. "Preparticipation Cardiovascular Screening." Physician and Sportsmedicine 25, no. 3 (1997): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3810/psm.1997.03.1242.

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Duffy, Jennifer Y., and Afshan B. Hameed. "Cardiovascular disease screening." Seminars in Perinatology 39, no. 4 (2015): 264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.semperi.2015.05.004.

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Seto, Craig K. "Preparticipation cardiovascular screening." Clinics in Sports Medicine 22, no. 1 (2003): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-5919(02)00040-6.

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Bierig, S. Michelle, Anita Arnold, Lynne C. Einbinder, Eric Armbrecht, and Thomas Burroughs. "Cardiovascular Ultrasound Combined With Non-invasive Screening for the Detection of Undiagnosed Cardiovascular Disease: A Literature Review." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 34, no. 3 (2017): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479317737764.

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Non-invasive screenings have been widely utilized in the United States and worldwide to provide early identification of cardiovascular disease, allowing for earlier diagnosis and treatment. Screening sonography detects valve disease, cardiac dysfunction, and carotid disease in 5% to 20% of the population. This review discusses the current data regarding cardiovascular screening, the methodologies, and the resources required for performance of screenings. Cardiac and carotid sonography is highly accurate and discovers cardiovascular diseases that impact quality of life and risk of future events. Screenings are performed in a variety of settings and accuracy depends on the quality of personnel performing the non-invasive testing, the equipment utilized, and the personnel interpreting the studies. Despite the potential benefit for disease detection, population screening to detect cardiovascular disease is not widely supported by national organizations due to the theoretical cost of further testing and lack of cost versus benefit data. Additional studies are necessary to compare costs and benefits of non-invasive cardiovascular screening in the community setting.

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Bierig, S. Michelle, Anita Arnold, Lynne C. Einbinder, Eric Armbrecht, and Thomas Burroughs. "Unrecognized Cardiovascular Abnormalities Detected Through a Community Cardiovascular Screening Program." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 36, no. 3 (2020): 234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479320905836.

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Objective: Self-referral community cardiovascular screening programs (CCSPs) have a potential to reduce outcome events through early detection of disease. This study evaluated the characteristics of a population that could predict a positive test. Materials and Methods: Participants who completed a cardiovascular screening protocol were compared. The screening protocol included a blood pressure (BP), Doppler ankle brachial index (ABI) testing, a limited carotid sonogram, a limited aortic sonogram, electrocardiogram (ECG), and limited transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). Results: Screenings were performed on 205 participants (58% female, 68 ± 9 years of age). Sixty-seven (34%) participants were abnormal in at least one of the following screening tests: ABI (2%), carotid sonogram (6%), aortic sonogram (3%), ECG (11%), and TTE (22%). Although 60.5% of the participants reported recent symptoms, there were no differences in normal or abnormal results of participants presenting with or without symptoms ( P = .06). Income was not a predictor of abnormal test results (odds ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.97; P = .19). Multivariate analysis demonstrated, when controlling for age greater than 75 years, that participants taking BP medication was the only variable that predicted a positive test result. Conclusion: One-third of patient results were abnormal, regardless of symptoms or lack thereof, suggestive of subclinical disease. Further large-scale studies would demonstrate the role of CCSPs in risk stratifying participants.

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Takahashi, Atsuhiko, and Toshio Kushiro. "Update cardiovascular screening methods." Health Evaluation and Promotion 38, no. 6 (2011): 737–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7143/jhep.38.737.

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Yoshinaga, Masao. "School-Based Cardiovascular Screening." Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery 29, no. 5 (2013): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.9794/jspccs.29.212.

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Kim, Yong-Lim. "Cardiovascular Screening before Transplantation." Journal of the Korean Society for Transplantation 25, no. 4 (2011): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.4285/jkstn.2011.25.4.225.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cardiovascular screening"

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Ouyang, Victoria(Victoria S. ). "Scalable integrated screening tools for cardiovascular disease." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/129918.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February, 2020<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 114-117).<br>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for more than 17.9 million deaths per year. Atherosclerosis, characterized by stiffening of the arteries, is the precursor to heart attacks and strokes, which cover 85% of all CVD mortalities. Since the disease is largely asymptomatic, a major challenge remains in screening for at-risk individuals. Existing screening tools primarily rely on questionnaires which do not account for ethnicity and require blood pressure and cholesterol readings. Thus, there is a crucial need for low-cost, non-invasive screening tools, especially in low-resource areas where people do not have access to routine clinical exams and blood tests. To address these shortcomings, this thesis presents a scalable integrated CVD screening toolkit that is practical and can be deployed in a real-world setting.<br>We have developed Android mobile apps and hardware capable of performing pulse wave analysis (PWA) and measuring pulse wave velocity (PWV) using PPG techniques. The analysis algorithms are configured to run on a custom server that is able to handle large amounts of medical data. In this thesis, I describe the PWA and PWV algorithms, the mobile applications associated with these measurements, and their integration with a custom server. To validate these new algorithms, data was used from two separate clinical studies conducted by our group. For PWA, I analyzed PPG waveforms from young athletic people, young non-athletic people, old healthy people, and old CAD patients, which resulted in median PWA Scores of 3.51 (0.57), 3.19 (0.78), 1.98 (0.66), and 1.81 (0.5) respectively. From these results, the PWA tool demonstrated sufficient sensitivity to distinguish between the four different cardiovascular health classifications.<br>Based on a larger clinical study with 100 subjects at the Sengupta Hospital and Research Institute in Nagpur, India, I found that PWV in the central artery behaves differently from the PWV in peripheral muscular arteries. The study showed that central aortic PWV is a good indicator of atherosclerosis and coronary arterial disease. Using these results, I demonstrated that our machine learning algorithm is able to reliably distinguish healthy patients from non-healthy with an AUC of 0.83 (0.18).<br>by Victoria Ouyang.<br>M. Eng.<br>M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

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Ma, Botong. "Developing a low-cost cardiovascular mobile screening kit." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121679.

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This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2019<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 148-159).<br>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and 80% of CVD deaths occur in lower and middle-income countries. While many CVD risk factors can be improved by behavioral change or low-cost medication, a major challenge remains in identifying at-risk patients since most people are asymptomatic. Thus, low-cost non-invasive diagnostic tools are crucial in low-resource areas without routine blood tests or regular clinical exams. This thesis presents a low-cost cardiovascular screening kit that focuses on signs of arterial stiffening, the root issue of many CVDs. Since pulse wave velocity (PWV) and pulse wave analysis (PWA) features were known to be correlated with arterial stiffening, we developed a Python API that would extract these features from the pulse waveforms collected using the devices in our screening kit. Using these features, we also trained a machine learning algorithm to accurately identify patients that are at-risk. We confirm the usefulness of PWV and PWA features for CVD screening, and anticipate that as the number of training data points increase, our machine learning model will enable individuals to live a healthier lifestyle.<br>by Botong Ma.<br>M. Eng.<br>M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

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Ritchie, L. D. "Computer assisted cardiovascular risk factor screening in general practice." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.593353.

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<i>Objective</i> - To assess a computer assisted nurse centred model for the measurement and modification of cardiovascular risk factors in general practice. <i>Design</i> - An open prospective study analysed using descriptive and comparative statistics. <i>Subjects</i> - 80504 patients who attended 18 health centres throughout the UK for opportunistic cardiovascular risk factor intervention. <i>Results</i> - The screened population comprised 36751 males (mean age 41.6 years) and 43753 females (mean age 40.7 years). The mean cholestrol level was 5.7 mM in both males and females. 25% of men and 24% of women had cholesterol levels ≥6.5 mM. The mean systolic/diastolic blood pressures were 130/81 mm Hg for men and 124/77 mm Hg for women. The mean body mass index for males was 25.3 kg/m^2 and for females 24.7 kg/m^2. 9% of men and 12% of women were classified as obese (<i>grades II or III</i>). 36% of males smoked compared to 33% of females. 80% of men were current drinkers as were 59% of women. 20% of men were classified as heavy drinkers compared to 4% of women. A composite risk score was used to assess all of the relevant risk factors at screening. 22% of males and 24% of females gave a positive family history in a first degree relative under 55 years of age. 6% of all patients were taking antihypertensive medication compared to 0.1% on lipid lowering drugs. Patterns of recruitment were examined and primary care staff accounted for 56% of referrals, friends and relatives encouraged 23% to attend, and self referrals amounted to 14%. <i>Conclusions</i> - The study succeeded in identifying the prevalence and nature of cardiovascular risk factors in a general practice population. Evidence of worthwhile reductions in risk factors was obtained. Patterns of recruitment and default were elucidated. The model constitutes a useful application of computers in primary care beyond the boundary of the individual practice. Further information from randomised controlled trials of cardiovascular risk factor intervention is awaited.

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Petersson, Ulla. "Screening for Cardiovascular Risk and Diabetes in Primary Health Care : The Söderåkra Risk Factor Screening Study." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Allmänmedicin, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17692.

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Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality for many decades in Sweden. Preventive work in primary health care through individual approach and community-based programmes has shown some success. Still, we need better risk assessment tools and health strategies to lessen the burden of CVD in our population. Methods: This thesis is based on four studies that explore the cardiovascular risk factor pattern and its development to CVD morbidity and mortality in the middle-aged (40-59 years) population in Söderåkra, southern Sweden, 1989-2006. At a single physician consultation in 1989-1990 the participants provided information about lifestyle in a self-administered questionnaire, underwent a physical examination and received medical advice after a laboratory investigation. The laboratory tests consisted mainly of blood glucose, serum lipids and thyroid function tests. Blood samples were also frozen for later analyses. A telephone interview on self-reported lifestyle changes was conducted ten years later. In 2006, primary health care medical records were studied for incident diabetes and also for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Finally, national registers were studied for incident fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular disease until 2006. Cardiovascular risk assessments using three separate risk algorithms were applied on the population. Results: The participation rate was high with 90% attendance. The conclusion of this cross-sectional baseline analysis was that it is meaningful to check for a secondary cause of hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism, in women with a cholesterol value above 7.0 mmol/L. After 10 years follow-up women reported significantly more lifestyle changes than men, odds ratio (OR) 1.56 (95% CI: 1.11- 2.18; p= 0.010). Men with a history of smoking or CVD at baseline and women with treated hypertension at baseline made successful lifestyle changes, OR 4.77 (95% CI: 2.18-10.5; p<0.001 and OR 1.84 (95% CI: 1.12-3.02; p= 0.016), respectively, than those without these characteristics. Until 2006, 38 participants had developed diabetes and four subjects IGT out of 664 participants, excluding 10 with diabetes at baseline. A low level of IGFBP-1 at baseline was associated with the development of type 2 diabetes/IGT, hazard ratio (HR) 3.54 (95% CI: 1.18-10.6, p=0.024). This was independent of abdominal obesity or inflammation (CRP). After excluding 16 participants with prevalent CVD at baseline, 71 first fatal or nonfatal CVD events in 689 men and women were registered. Several known risk factors and risk markers were applied on this population. Those that turned out to be significantly associated with development of incident CVD in univariate Cox´s regression proportional hazard analyses where used in three different risk assessment models: the consultation model, SCORE and the extensive model. A non-laboratory-based risk assessment model, including variables easily obtained during one consultation visit to a general practitioner (GP), predicted cardiovascular events as accurately, HR 2.72; (CI 95% 2.18-3.39, p<0.001), as the established SCORE algorithm, HR 2.73; (CI 95% 2.10-3.55, p<0.001), which requires laboratory testing. Furthermore, adding laboratory measurements covering lipids, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, did not confer any additional value to the prediction of CVD risk, HR 2.72; (CI 95% 2.19-3.37, p<0.001). The c-statistics for the consultation model (0.794; CI 95% 0.762-0.823) was not significantly different from SCORE (0.767; CI 95% 0.733-0.798, p=0.12) or the extended model (0.806; CI 95% 0.774-0.835, p=0.55). Conclusions: Our study showed that it is worth searching for hypothyroidism, in women with a cholesterol value above 7 mmol/L. The study identified female gender, previous CVD, hypertension and smoking as predictors of positive lifestyle change during follow-up. A low level of IGFBP-1 predicted future diabetes/IGT in this population as did increased waist and CRP. Finally, data on nonlaboratory risk factors obtained during one GP visit predicted future cardiovascular risk as accurately as SCORE or a laboratory-based risk algorithm.

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Pandya, Ankur. "Optimizing Cardiovascular Disease Screening and Projection Efforts in the United States." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10160.

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The objective of this dissertation is to develop and evaluate quantitative models that have the potential to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening and projection efforts in the U.S. Paper 1 assesses the exchangeability of a non-laboratory-based CVD risk score (predictors do not include cholesterol) with more commonly-used laboratory-based scores, such as the Framingham risk equations. Under conventional thresholds for identifying high-risk individuals, 92-96% of adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) were equivalently characterized as high- or low-risk using either type of score. The 10-year CVD death results also suggest that simple CVD risk assessment could be a useful proxy for more expensive laboratory-based screening strategies in the U.S. or other resource-limited settings. Paper 2 uses micro-simulation modeling techniques to evaluate the cost effectiveness of primary cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening using staged laboratory-based and/or non-laboratory-based total CVD risk assessment. The results imply that efficient screening guidelines should include non-laboratory-based risk assessment, either as a single stage or as part of multistage screening approach. Compared to current CVD screening guidelines, fewer cholesterol tests would be administered and more adults would receive low-cost statins under cost-effective screening policies. Paper 3 examines the trends of CVD risk factors, treatment, and total risk in the U.S. from 1973-2010, and offers projections of these variables for 2015-2030. Nine waves of cross-sectional NHANES data show that the divergent, observed trends in common CVD risk factors (such as smoking, BMI, total cholesterol, and blood pressure) are expected to continue in future years. Age-adjusted CVD risk has decreased over time (during the observed and projected periods), but total risk has increased when considering the impact of aging on CVD risk. Scenario analyses suggest that strategies targeting cholesterol and blood pressure treatment have the greatest potential to reduce future CVD burden in the U.S.

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Link-Malcolm, Jessica. "Health message framing : motivating cardiovascular risk factor screening in young adults." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9066/.

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As the leading cause of death in the United States, coronary heart disease (CHD) is a growing public health problem, despite the fact that many risk factors for the disease are preventable, especially if addressed early in life. The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of loss-framed versus gain-framed versus information-only health messages on both intention to attend and actual attendance at an appointment to get screened for CHD risk factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia). It was hypothesized that a population of young adults would be more likely to view screening for CHD risk factors as a low-risk, health-affirming behavior as opposed to a risky, illness-detecting behavior and would thus be more strongly influenced by gain-framed messages than loss-framed messages. Additional goals included the exploration of the extensively researched individual health beliefs of perceived threat (as defined by the health belief model) and health locus of control as they relate to message frames. One hundred forty-three undergraduate students were randomly assigned to either the loss-framed, gain-framed, or information-only control conditions. Framing manipulation checks revealed that participants failed to discern differences in the tone and emphasis of the experimental pamphlets. As a result, no tests of framing effects could be conducted. Sixteen (11.2%) of the 143 participants who participated in Part 1 of the experiment participated in Part 2 (i.e., attended a risk factor screening appointment). Multiple regression analysis revealed risk index, age, and powerful others health locus of control as significant predictors of screening intention. Gender was the only demographic or health related variable that was significantly related to screening outcome, such that women were more likely to get screened than men. Limitations and recommendations are discussed.

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Link-Malcolm, Jessica Kelly Kimberly. "Health message framing motivating cardiovascular risk factor screening in young adults /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9066.

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Vanhook, Patricia M. "Cardiovascular and Stroke Education and Risk Factor Screening in the Rural Setting." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7440.

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Pignatelli, Niccoló Pasquale Luigi Maria. "Design of a mobile kit for cardiovascular disease screening in resource constrained environments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111241.

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Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, Technology and Policy Program, 2017.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 161-176).<br>In the past few decades global health has improved significantly and many countries have started to move away from high mortality rates due to infectious diseases. This trend has however been accompanied by an increase in chronic disease incidence, in particular Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). In countries that are making this epidemiological transition, such as India, chronic diseases are also a hindrance to economic health as a large portion of deaths occur when people are still active in the work force. There are various policies that may be implemented to curb the burden of CVDs. These include population based approaches and high risk management strategies. In this thesis, the design of a mobile CVD Screening Kit to aid the screening of high risk subjects by low-skilled health workers is described. Focusing on India, a fertile ground where a mobile tool-kit may be implemented was identified at the intersection of: 1. Strong health worker schemes in primary care, 2. The diffusion of mobile phone technology and 3. Well developed CVD risk management strategies. The tools that constitute this CVD Screening Kit were tested at Sengupta Hospital and Research Institute, Nagpur, India. These tests showed that there is potential to develop the CVD Screening Kit further into a commercial product. The main advantage of the CVD Screening Kit developed is that, differently from standard CVD risk factor analysis, it measures the root issue of many CVDs, i.e. arterial stiffness. Therefore, the CVD Screening Kit brings complex clinical analysis capabilities, that are generally only available in equipped hospitals, to the hands of low-skilled health workers working in primary care centers. Although the CVD Screening Kit is still at an early stage of development, how it may be implemented in current public and private health programs that tackle CVDs, is also analysed in this thesis. Furthermore, it is discussed that introducing mobile phones to healthworkers, who are mostly female, may have a slow but strong impact on the independence and leadership of women.<br>by Niccoló Pasquale Luigi Maria Pignatelli.<br>S.M. in Technology and Policy

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Nasser, Zeina. "Outdoor air pollutants and cardiovascular diseases in Lebanon." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/221755.

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Outdoor air pollution is increasingly considered as a serious risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). High levels of airborne particulate matter (PM) constitute the greatest international air pollution threat. The purpose of this thesis is to broaden our knowledge regarding the relationship between outdoor air pollution and cardiovascular diseases in the Middle Eastern countries, specifically in Lebanon. Moreover, we aimed to develop a scale as CVD screening tool among the Lebanese population. To achieve these goals, we conducted three studies. The first was a systematic review of the literature aiming to assess levels and sources of PM across the Middle East area and to search for an evidence of relationship between PM exposure and CVD (Paper I).The second manuscript was a multicenter case-control study investigating the association between outdoor pollutants and cardiovascular diseases among Lebanese adults (Paper II) while the third study was conducted to develop a score that can be used as a screening tool in clinical and epidemiological settings among the Lebanese adults (Paper III).The annual average values of PM pollutants in the Middle East region are considered to be much higher than the WHO 2006 tolerated levels (PM2.5 = 10 µg/m3, PM10 = 20 µg/m3). We uncovered evidence of an association between PM and CVD in 4 Middle East countries: Iran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates. Ambient PM pollution is considered a potential risk factor for platelet activation and atherosclerosis. Moreover, it was associated with CVD and found to be linked with an increased risk for mortality and hospital admissions (Paper I). Increased risk of CVD with an odds ratio OR of 5.04, 95% CI (4.44-12.85) for living near busy highway and 4.76, 95% CI (2.07-10.91) for living close to local diesel generator was noticed among population exposed to outdoor air pollution (Paper II). In addition, our results highlight the importance of scale generation, which includes air pollution as predictive factor, as screening tool for patients at risk of CVD. This scale can foresee the cardiovascular disease outcomes better than the established score which use the traditional CVD risk factors (Paper III).In conclusion this study brings new evidence regarding the effects of particulate matter on cardiac diseases, points out the harmful role of diesel exhaust on health and suggest a an important role of traffic exhaust particles in exacerbating heart diseases in the Middle East Region. The developed scale could detect persons at high risk for CVD in the clinical and epidemiological settings. In addition, it serves as an essential public health screening tool for the primary prevention of CVD.<br>Doctorat en Santé Publique<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Books on the topic "Cardiovascular screening"

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Group, Family Heart Study, ed. Randomised controlled trial evaluating cardiovascular screening and intervention in general practice: Principal results of British family heart study. British Medical Journal, 1994.

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Danieli, Gian Antonio. Genetics and genomics for the cardiologist. Kluwer Academic Pub., 2002.

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F, Oliver M., Ashley-Miller Michael, Wood David, University of Edinburgh. Cardiovascular Research Unit., and Great Britain. Chief Scientist Office., eds. Screening for risk of coronary heart disease: Proceedings of a workshop on strategies for screening for risk of coronary heart disease organised jointly by the Cardiovascular Research Unit, Edinburgh University and the Chief Scientist Office, Scottish Home and Health Department and held at the King Khalid Conference Centre, Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh on 14 and 15 November 1985. Wiley, 1987.

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Banerjee, Amitava, and Kaleab Asrress. Screening for cardiovascular disease. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0351.

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Screening involves testing asymptomatic individuals who have risk factors, or individuals who are in the early stages of a disease, in order to decide whether further investigation, clinical intervention, or treatment is warranted. Therefore, screening is classically a primary prevention strategy which aims to capture disease early in its course, but it can also involve secondary prevention in individuals with established disease. In the words of Geoffrey Rose, screening is a ‘population’ strategy. Examples of screening programmes are blood pressure monitoring in primary care to screen for hypertension, and ultrasound examination to screen for abdominal aortic aneurysm. The effectiveness and feasibility of screening are influenced by several factors. First, the diagnostic accuracy of the screening test in question is crucial. For example, exercise ECG testing, although widely used, is not recommended in investigation of chest pain in current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines, due to its low sensitivity and specificity in the detection of coronary artery disease. Moreover, exercise ECG testing has even lower diagnostic accuracy in asymptomatic patients with coronary artery disease. Second, physical and financial resources influence the decision to screen. For example, the cost and the effectiveness of CT coronary angiography and other new imaging modalities to assess coronary vasculature must be weighed against the cost of existing investigations (e.g. coronary angiography) and the need for new equipment and staff training and recruitment. Finally, the safety of the investigation is an important factor, and patient preferences and physician preferences should be taken into consideration. However, while non-invasive screening examinations are preferable from the point of view of patients and clinicians, sometimes invasive screening tests may be required at a later stage in order to give a definitive diagnosis (e.g. pressure wire studies to measure fractional flow reserve in a coronary artery). The WHO’s principles of screening, first formulated in 1968, are still very relevant today. Decision analysis has led to ‘pathways’ which guide investigation and treatment within screening programmes. There is increasing recognition that there are shared risk factors and shared preventive and treatment strategies for vascular disease, regardless of arterial territory. The concept of ‘vascular medicine’ has gained credence, leading to opportunistic screening in other vascular territories if an individual presents with disease in one territory. For example, post-myocardial infarction patients have higher incidence of cerebrovascular and peripheral arterial disease, so carotid duplex scanning and measurement of the ankle–brachial pressure index may be valid screening approaches for arterial disease in other territories.

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Hage, Fadi G., Ayman Farag, and Gilbert J. Zoghbi. Screening Asymptomatic Subjects. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0016.

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and accounts for more deaths than all cancers combined. Many apparently healthy adults first present to the health system with a myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death. It is therefore imperative to assess the risk of cardiovascular events among currently asymptomatic individuals to try and intervene early in the disease process to prevent future events. Risk factors for the development of coronary artery disease in particular, and cardiovascular disease in general, have been identified from epidemiological studies and used to develop global risk scores to risk stratify populations. Although these scores work well at the level of the population, unfortunately they are imperfect at estimating risk at the level of the individual. In this Chapter we will discuss the use of exercise stress testing and other imaging modalities as screening methods for the detection of coronary disease and predicting risk in asymptomatic adults. The hope is to develop a screening program to identify cardiovascular disease early in the disease process to introduce interventions that will favorably impact outcomes in a manner similar to the current screening programs available for several cancers.

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New Frontiers of Cardiovascular Screening Using Unobtrusive Sensors, AI, and IoT. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2019-0-05510-0.

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Choudhury, Anirban Dutta, Rohan Banerjee, Sanjay Kimbahune, and Arpan Pal. New Frontiers of Cardiovascular Screening Using Unobtrusive Sensors, AI, and IoT. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2022.

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Choudhury, Anirban Dutta, Rohan Banerjee, Sanjay Kimbahune, and Arpan Pal. New Frontiers of Cardiovascular Screening Using Unobtrusive Sensors, AI, and IoT. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2022.

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V, Luepker Russell, ed. Cardiovascular survey methods. 3rd ed. World Health Organization, 2004.

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Mitchell, MRCPsych, Alex J., and James C. Coyne, PhD. Screening for Depression in Clinical Practice. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195380194.001.0001.

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Mood disorders are a global health issue. National guidance for their detection and management have been published in the US and in Europe. Despite this, the rate at which depression is recognized and managed in primary and secondary care settings remains low and suggests that many clinicians are still unsure how to screen people for mood disorders. Against the backdrop of this problem, the editors of this volume have designed a book with a dynamic two-fold purpose: to provide an evidence-based overview of screening methods for mood disorders, and to synthesize the evidence into a practical guide for clinicians in a variety of settings--from cardiologists and oncologists, to primary care physicians and neurologists, among others. The volume considers all important aspects of depression screening, from the overview of specific scales, to considerations of technological approaches to screening, and to the examination of screening with neurological disorders, prenatal care, cardiovascular conditions, and diabetes and cancer care, among others. This book is sure to capture the attention of any clinician with a stake in depression screening.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cardiovascular screening"

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Meadows-Oliver, Mikki. "Cardiovascular Screening Exam." In Clinical Case Studies for the Family Nurse Practitioner. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785829.ch1.

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Barra, Barbara, Claudia Favero, Andrea Ermolao, and Daniel Neunhäuserer. "Cardiovascular Screening in Athletes." In Injury and Health Risk Management in Sports. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60752-7_39.

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Bhatia, Raghav T., Sarandeep Marwaha, and Sanjay Sharma. "Cardiovascular Screening For Athletes." In Men's Health. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429347238-18.

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Ladd, Susanne, Harald Kramer, Christoph R. Becker, Norbert Weiss, and Ulrich Hoffmann. "Cardiovascular Diseases." In Screening and Preventive Diagnosis with Radiological Imaging. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49831-5_9.

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Schwandt, Peter, Werner O. Richter, and Andreas C. Sönnichsen. "Bavarian Cholesterol Screening Project (Bcsp)." In Cardiovascular Disease 2. Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1959-1_45.

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Kawasaki, Ryo, and Tien Yin Wong. "Retinal Vascular Imaging for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction." In Digital Teleretinal Screening. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25810-7_8.

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Hulley, Stephen B. "Screening for High Blood Cholesterol: A Risky Business." In Cardiovascular Disease 2. Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1959-1_43.

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Stilwell, Barbara. "Screening for Risks of Cardiovascular Disease." In Skills Update. Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12990-4_9.

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Engvall, Jan. "Value of Coronary Calcium-Screening for Risk Assessment in the General Population." In Cardiovascular Calcification. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81515-8_7.

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Maron, Barry J. "Cardiovascular Disease, Sudden Cardiac Death, and Preparticipation Screening in Young Competitive Athletes." In Pediatric Cardiovascular Medicine. Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444398786.ch57.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cardiovascular screening"

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Kocharova, Tatijana. "ANALYSIS OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS BASED ON SCREENING QUESTIONNAIRE DATA." In Scientific Development of New Eastern Europe. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-571-89-3_82.

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Ruparel, M., S. L. Quaife, J. L. Dickson, et al. "Is Lung Cancer Screening an Opportunity to Reduce Cardiovascular Mortality?" In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a5896.

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"Functional and Structural Similarity between Insect and Human Hearts - Electrocardiography of Insect Hearts for Screening of New Cardioactive Drugs." In International Congress on Cardiovascular Technologies. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004615800050012.

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Harada, Tatsuya, Hajime Kubo, Taketoshi Mori, and Tomomasa Sato. "Screening Parameters of Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Integrated Model with Sensitivity Analysis." In Conference Proceedings. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2006.259618.

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de Vos, Bob D., Pim A. de Jong, Jelmer M. Wolterink, et al. "Automatic machine learning based prediction of cardiovascular events in lung cancer screening data." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Lubomir M. Hadjiiski and Georgia D. Tourassi. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2082242.

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Botley, Sian, Emily Challinor, Tom Ingram, Eveline Lee, and Vijay Pakala. "60 Effective echo screening and inter modality agreement in the assessment of ascending thoracic aorta dimension." In Abstracts from the British Cardiovascular Society Annual Conference 2020. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2020-bcs.60.

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Denham, Nathan, Mark Hall, Saagar Mahida, et al. "96 Effectiveness of outpatient screening for the proarrhythmic effects of flecainide." In British Cardiovascular Society Annual Conference, ‘100 years of Cardiology’, 6–8 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2022-bcs.96.

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MacLachlan, Hamish, Raghav Bhatia, Harshil Dhutia, et al. "163 Outcomes of a nationwide cardiac screening programme in young individuals." In British Cardiovascular Society Annual Conference, ‘100 years of Cardiology’, 6–8 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2022-bcs.163.

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Maclachlan, Hamish, Raghav Bhatia, Harshil Dhutia, et al. "C Outcomes of a nationwide cardiac screening programme in young individuals." In British Cardiovascular Society Annual Conference, ‘100 years of Cardiology’, 6–8 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2022-bcs.227.

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MacLachlan, Hamish, Raghav Bhatia, Harshil Dhutia, et al. "163 Outcomes of a nationwide cardiac screening programme in young individuals." In British Cardiovascular Society Annual Conference, ‘100 years of Cardiology’, 6–8 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2022-bcs.163.

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